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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-東亞" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#東亞"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>東亞</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-東亞-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关東亞子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-東亞-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-中国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>中国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-明清手抄本小说" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#明清手抄本小说"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>明清手抄本小说</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-明清手抄本小说-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-日本" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#日本"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>日本</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-日本-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-埃及" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#埃及"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>埃及</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-埃及-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-希伯来人" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#希伯来人"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>希伯来人</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-希伯来人-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-欧洲" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#欧洲"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>欧洲</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-欧洲-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-现代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#现代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>现代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-现代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">手抄本</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。81种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-81" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">81种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuskrip" title="Manuskrip – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Manuskrip" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuskript" title="Manuskript – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Manuskript" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B7" title="مخطوط – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مخطوط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscritu" title="Manuscritu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Manuscritu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Flyazma" title="Əlyazma – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əlyazma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ال یازما – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ال یازما" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%82" title="Манускрыпт – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Манускрыпт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81" title="Рукапіс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рукапіс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8A%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Ръкопис – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ръкопис" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF" title="পাণ্ডুলিপি – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পাণ্ডুলিপি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dornskrid" title="Dornskrid – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Dornskrid" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscrit" title="Manuscrit – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Manuscrit" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rukopis" title="Rukopis – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rukopis" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%C3%A7%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%83" title="Алçыру – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Алçыру" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llawysgrif" title="Llawysgrif – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Llawysgrif" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuskript" title="Manuskript – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Manuskript" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuskript" title="Manuskript – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Manuskript" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF" title="Χειρόγραφο – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χειρόγραφο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscript" title="Manuscript – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Manuscript" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuskripto" title="Manuskripto – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Manuskripto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscrito" title="Manuscrito – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Manuscrito" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4sikiri" title="Käsikiri – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Käsikiri" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskuizkribu" title="Eskuizkribu – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eskuizkribu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%D9%87_%D8%AE%D8%B7%DB%8C" title="نسخه خطی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نسخه خطی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4sikirjoitus" title="Käsikirjoitus – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Käsikirjoitus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscrit" title="Manuscrit – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Manuscrit" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A2nskrift_(dokumint)" title="Hânskrift (dokumint) – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Hânskrift (dokumint)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscrito" title="Manuscrito – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Manuscrito" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4" title="હસ્તપ્રત – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હસ્તપ્રત" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%91_%D7%99%D7%93_(%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%AA%D7%A7)" title="כתב יד (העתק) – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כתב יד (העתק)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF" title="पाण्डुलिपि – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पाण्डुलिपि" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rukopis" title="Rukopis – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rukopis" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9zirat_(dokumentum)" title="Kézirat (dokumentum) – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kézirat (dokumentum)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%81%D5%A5%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D6%80" title="Ձեռագիր – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ձեռագիր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naskah" title="Naskah – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Naskah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuskripto" title="Manuskripto – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Manuskripto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handrit" title="Handrit – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Handrit" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoscritto" title="Manoscritto – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Manoscritto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%99%E6%9C%AC" title="写本 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="写本" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naskah" title="Naskah – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Naskah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF" title="ಹಸ್ತಪ್ರತಿ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಸ್ತಪ್ರತಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%B3%B8" title="사본 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사본" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82" title="Манускрипт – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Манускрипт" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscriptum" title="Manuscriptum – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Manuscriptum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoscrito" title="Manoscrito – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Manoscrito" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rankra%C5%A1tis" title="Rankraštis – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rankraštis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rokraksts" title="Rokraksts – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rokraksts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sora-tanam-piraketana" title="Sora-tanam-piraketana – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sora-tanam-piraketana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87" title="हस्तलिखिते – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हस्तलिखिते" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naskhah" title="Naskhah – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Naskhah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manascritto" title="Manascritto – 那不勒斯语" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Manascritto" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="那不勒斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF" title="पाण्डुलिपि – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पाण्डुलिपि" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handschrift_(document)" title="Handschrift (document) – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Handschrift (document)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuskript" title="Manuskript – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Manuskript" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuskript" title="Manuskript – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Manuskript" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscrit" title="Manuscrit – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Manuscrit" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A5_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%A4" title="ਹੱਥ ਲਿਖਤ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹੱਥ ਲਿਖਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%99kopis" title="Rękopis – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rękopis" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscrito" title="Manuscrito – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Manuscrito" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscris" title="Manuscris – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Manuscris" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Рукопись – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рукопись" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%83" title="मातृकाग्रन्थः – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मातृकाग्रन्थः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%D9%88" title="قلمي نسخو – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="قلمي نسخو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rukopis" title="Rukopis – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rukopis" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscript" title="Manuscript – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Manuscript" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rukopis_(star%C3%BD_dokument)" title="Rukopis (starý dokument) – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rukopis (starý dokument)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rokopis" title="Rokopis – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rokopis" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dor%C3%ABshkrimi" title="Dorëshkrimi – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dorëshkrimi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%9A%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Рукописна књига – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рукописна књига" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naskah" title="Naskah – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Naskah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handskrift" title="Handskrift – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Handskrift" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="கையெழுத்துப்படி – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கையெழுத்துப்படி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuskrito" title="Manuskrito – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Manuskrito" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_yazmas%C4%B1" title="El yazması – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="El yazması" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Рукопис – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рукопис" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B7%DB%81" title="مخطوطہ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مخطوطہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qo%CA%BBlyozma" title="Qoʻlyozma – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qoʻlyozma" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A7_b%E1%BA%A3n" title="Thủ bản – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thủ bản" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pap%C3%AEscr%C3%AEt" title="Papîscrît – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Papîscrît" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuskrito" title="Manuskrito – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Manuskrito" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" title="手抄本 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="手抄本" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q87167#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&oldid=80540259" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&id=80540259&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%2589%258B%25E6%258A%2584%25E6%259C%25AC"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%2589%258B%25E6%258A%2584%25E6%259C%25AC"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Manuscripts" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q87167" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span>「<b>抄本</b>」重定向至此。关于古代手抄冊子本，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" title="古抄本">古抄本</a></b>」。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2013年8月9日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC%22">"手抄本"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Codex_Bruchsal_1_68r.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Codex_Bruchsal_1_68r.jpg/220px-Codex_Bruchsal_1_68r.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Codex_Bruchsal_1_68r.jpg/330px-Codex_Bruchsal_1_68r.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Codex_Bruchsal_1_68r.jpg/440px-Codex_Bruchsal_1_68r.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1883" data-file-height="2404" /></a><figcaption>一份手抄本上的<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A9%8C%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="耶穌基督">基督普世君王</a>，德國<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴登州立博物館" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Badische Landesbibliothek"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E7%99%BB%E5%B7%9E%E7%AB%8B%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A4%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴登州立博物館（页面不存在）">巴登州立博物館</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badische_Landesbibliothek" class="extiw" title="en:Badische Landesbibliothek"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Badische Landesbibliothek</span></a></span>）</span></span></figcaption></figure> <p><b>手抄本</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>或逕稱<b>抄本</b>，又作<b>鈔本</b>、<b>寫本</b>、<b>手寫本</b>等，指的是用人手抄写而非用<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7" title="印刷">印刷</a>製成的书籍<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。這是以手抄方法代替印刷出版的「<span lang="en">Handwritten copy</span>」，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="印刷术">印刷术</a>发明前，手抄本是主流的文化传播方式。手抄本的等義英文單字「<span lang="en">manuscript</span>」除了指「抄本」、「寫本」外，也有文本原作者付梓前的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%A8%BF" title="原稿">原稿</a>（或稱「手稿」）的意思<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="東亞"><span id=".E6.9D.B1.E4.BA.9E"></span>東亞</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：東亞"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中国"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.9B.BD"></span>中国</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：中国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yongle_Dadian_Encyclopedia_1403.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Yongle_Dadian_Encyclopedia_1403.jpg/200px-Yongle_Dadian_Encyclopedia_1403.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Yongle_Dadian_Encyclopedia_1403.jpg/300px-Yongle_Dadian_Encyclopedia_1403.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Yongle_Dadian_Encyclopedia_1403.jpg/400px-Yongle_Dadian_Encyclopedia_1403.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="575" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E4%B9%90%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B8" title="永乐大典">永乐大典</a>抄本</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B1%89" title="东汉">东汉</a>时期出现了成熟的<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A0%E7%BA%B8%E6%9C%AF" title="造纸术">造纸术</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D" title="唐朝">唐朝</a>7世纪已出现<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%95%E7%89%88%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="雕版印刷术">雕版印刷术</a>，但在古代，印刷出版的书仍是少数。大量的个人作品是用手抄的形式留存的。<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%88%BF%E5%9B%9B%E5%AE%9D" title="文房四宝">文房四宝</a>是每个文人书房里必备的书写工具，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A6%E6%B3%95" title="书法">书法</a>也是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%AB" title="士大夫">士大夫</a>的必备素养之一。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E5%85%B8%E7%B1%8D" title="中文古典典籍">中文古典典籍</a>按照书写还是印刷而成，区分为抄本和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="刻本（页面不存在）">刻本</a>两种。“抄本”即“手抄本”简称。名家抄本具有更珍贵的收藏价值。 </p><p>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E6%A5%BC%E6%A2%A6" title="红楼梦">红楼梦</a>》最初就是以手抄本的形式流传的，《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E4%B9%90%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B8" title="永乐大典">永乐大典</a>》和《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%85%A8%E4%B9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="四库全书">四库全书</a>》也是人工抄写的。 </p><p>现存最古老的抄本为<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%99%8B" title="西晋">西晋</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E5%BA%B7_(%E8%A5%BF%E6%99%8B)" title="元康 (西晋)">元康</a>六年写的佛经残卷。 </p><p>现存最古老的《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B0%E7%BB%8F" title="古兰经">古兰经</a>》手抄本，成书年代可能在8世纪－13世纪，被<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E6%8B%89%E6%97%8F" title="撒拉族">撒拉族</a>人视为民族的传世之宝<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="明清手抄本小说"><span id=".E6.98.8E.E6.B8.85.E6.89.8B.E6.8A.84.E6.9C.AC.E5.B0.8F.E8.AF.B4"></span>明清手抄本小说</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：明清手抄本小说"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>被称为“中国古代十大手抄本”的明清小说，都一定程度上涉及淫秽狎亵：《海上花魅影》（清）<a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E6%9E%9A" title="袁枚">袁枚</a>抄本；《山水情》（明）<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%BF%82" title="高濂">高濂</a>抄本；《双和欢》（清）<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E5%A4%A9%E6%88%90" title="吕天成">吕天成</a>抄本；《玉支肌》（明）<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E5%BE%B7%E7%AC%A6" title="沈德符">沈德符</a>抄本；《锦香亭》（清）<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%B8%94" title="李渔">李渔</a>抄本；《雨花香》（清）<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AA%E6%99%93%E5%B2%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="纪晓岚">纪晓岚</a>抄本；《春消息》（明）<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E9%9C%87%E4%BA%A8" title="文震亨">文震亨</a>抄本；《锦绣衣》（明）<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E4%B8%89%E7%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="沈三白">沈三白</a>抄本；《人间乐》（明）<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B0%E8%8A%9D%E8%A1%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="田芝衡（页面不存在）">田芝衡</a>抄本；《归莲梦》（明）<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E6%85%8E" title="杨慎">杨慎</a>抄本。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="日本"><span id=".E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC"></span>日本</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：日本"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>漢字「抄」原始字意與中國相仿，但在日本漢字中，「抄」又被引申成文集、手記的意思，著名代表文學有<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%B7%E5%B4%8E%E6%BD%A4%E4%B8%80%E9%83%8E" title="谷崎潤一郎">谷崎潤一郎</a>的《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%90%B4%E6%8A%84" title="春琴抄">春琴抄</a>》、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%88%E6%9C%AC%E5%8A%A0%E4%B9%83%E5%AD%90" title="冈本加乃子">岡本加乃子</a>的《老妓抄》。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="埃及"><span id=".E5.9F.83.E5.8F.8A"></span>埃及</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：埃及"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在距今5000年前就有人用<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%A6%E8%8B%87%E7%AC%94" class="mw-redirect" title="芦苇笔">芦苇笔</a>写在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%8E%E8%8D%89%E7%BA%B8" title="莎草纸">莎草纸</a>上写字。那时的纸莎草写成的只能是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B7%E8%BD%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="卷轴">卷轴</a>，而不是装订成册的书籍。这给阅读带来诸多不便。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="希伯来人"><span id=".E5.B8.8C.E4.BC.AF.E6.9D.A5.E4.BA.BA"></span>希伯来人</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：希伯来人"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E7%BB%8F%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="圣经抄本">圣经抄本</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="欧洲"><span id=".E6.AC.A7.E6.B4.B2"></span>欧洲</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：欧洲"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E7%BB%8F%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="圣经抄本">圣经抄本</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E9%87%91%E8%A3%85%E9%A5%B0%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="泥金装饰手抄本">泥金装饰手抄本</a></div> <p>欧洲最早使用的是埃及传入的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%8E%E8%8D%89%E7%BA%B8" title="莎草纸">莎草纸</a>，此后很长一段时间使用<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8A%E7%9A%AE%E7%BA%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="羊皮纸">羊皮纸</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%A6%E8%8B%87%E7%AC%94" class="mw-redirect" title="芦苇笔">芦苇笔</a>也为<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%85%E6%AF%9B%E7%AC%94" class="mw-redirect" title="鹅毛笔">鹅毛笔</a>所代替。3世纪—4世纪出现了<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%8C%E5%AD%90%E6%9C%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="册子本">册子本</a>，5世纪时完全替代了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B7%E8%BD%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="卷轴">卷轴</a>。 </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="古希腊">古希腊</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC" title="古罗马">古罗马</a>时代，作家们并不亲自执笔，而是由秘书代写。 </p><p>进入中世纪，大量的<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="教士">教士</a>成为专职抄写人员。美仑美奂的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E9%87%91%E8%A3%85%E9%A5%B0%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="泥金装饰手抄本">泥金装饰手抄本</a>内容大多为《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E7%BB%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="圣经">圣经</a>》，由<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%85%E6%AF%9B%E7%AC%94" class="mw-redirect" title="鹅毛笔">鹅毛笔</a>写在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8A%E7%9A%AE%E7%BA%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="羊皮纸">羊皮纸</a>上，并有精美的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%AE%E5%9E%8B%E7%94%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="微型画（页面不存在）">微型画</a>作为装饰。最早为<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="爱尔兰">爱尔兰</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a>在4世纪—6世纪抄写，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%B4%9B%E6%9E%97%E6%96%87%E8%89%BA%E5%A4%8D%E5%85%B4" title="卡洛林文艺复兴">卡洛林文艺复兴</a>时期、及至<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%89%BA%E5%A4%8D%E5%85%B4" title="文艺复兴">文艺复兴</a>时期均有大量的抄写，这些设计精良的手抄本对后世的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%A6%E7%B1%8D%E8%A3%85%E5%B8%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="书籍装帧（页面不存在）">书籍装帧</a>设计和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%97%E4%BD%93%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1" title="字体设计">字体设计</a>都产生了很大的影响。其一丝不苟的严谨精神亦令人肃然起敬。皇家手稿使用的羊皮纸往往是染作紫红色、黑色，涂上金箔，并以金色或银色墨水书写的。（参见<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="聖經手抄本">圣经手抄本</a>） </p><p>11世纪末，随着第一批<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="大学">大学</a>的建立，手抄书从教士阶层走向民间。 </p><p>而中国的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="印刷术">印刷术</a>在14世纪才传到西方。（應注意，中國雖是最早有印刷術之國家，然歐洲印刷術與中國印刷術無關，乃其自家獨立之發明。） </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="现代"><span id=".E7.8E.B0.E4.BB.A3"></span>现代</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：现代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在现代，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="印刷术">印刷术</a>已普及，但因为某些禁忌，有的书没有正式印刷出版，而以手抄方式传播和保存，它们往往是<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地下文学（页面不存在）">地下文学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="次文化">次文化</a>。例如中國<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%A4%A7%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="文化大革命">文化大革命</a>期间，对<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4" title="小说">小说</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%97%E6%AD%8C" title="诗歌">诗歌</a>等文学作品查禁甚多。大量个人创作的小说以手抄本的形式传播，稱為<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E9%9D%A9%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" title="文革手抄本">文革手抄本</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86%E9%81%BA%E8%A8%80%E6%A1%88" title="總理遺言案">總理遺言案</a>中，伪造的<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E6%9D%A5" title="周恩来">周恩来</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%97%E5%98%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="遗嘱">遗嘱</a>也以这种方式得以快速传播。 </p><p>当<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%84%91" class="mw-redirect" title="电脑">电脑</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8D%E5%8D%B0%E6%9C%BA" title="复印机">复印机</a>普及以后，手抄本一般不用作實際出版、流通用途，通常作為<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="藝術">藝術</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E8%97%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="工藝">工藝</a>傳承或<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="宗教">宗教</a>用途，如抄<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%B6%93" class="mw-redirect" title="佛經">佛經</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span 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web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/92863143d8e66f4c72d6b1531f0c2a4e">手抄本；手寫本</a>. 樂詞網. 國家教育研究院. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-01-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240108130537/https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/92863143d8e66f4c72d6b1531f0c2a4e/">存档</a>于2024-01-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&rft.atitle=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC%EF%BC%9B%E6%89%8B%E5%AF%AB%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E6%A8%82%E8%A9%9E%E7%B6%B2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fterms.naer.edu.tw%2Fdetail%2F92863143d8e66f4c72d6b1531f0c2a4e&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/dictView.jsp?ID=106151">寫本</a>. 教育部重編國語辭典. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-01-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240109155647/https://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/dictView.jsp?ID=106151">存档</a>于2024-01-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&rft.atitle=%E5%AF%AB%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E9%83%A8%E9%87%8D%E7%B7%A8%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E%E8%BE%AD%E5%85%B8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdict.revised.moe.edu.tw%2FdictView.jsp%3FID%3D106151&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/f55e269df38e4ad3e414666b6c659954">手稿</a>. 樂詞網. 國家教育研究院. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-01-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240108130346/https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/f55e269df38e4ad3e414666b6c659954/">存档</a>于2024-01-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&rft.atitle=%E6%89%8B%E7%A8%BF&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E6%A8%82%E8%A9%9E%E7%B6%B2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fterms.naer.edu.tw%2Fdetail%2Ff55e269df38e4ad3e414666b6c659954&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/manuscript">劍橋詞典 - manuscript</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-01-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220503090012/https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/manuscript">存档</a>于2022-05-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&rft.btitle=%E5%8A%8D%E6%A9%8B%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8+-+manuscript&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.cambridge.org%2Fzht%2F%25E8%25A9%259E%25E5%2585%25B8%2F%25E8%258B%25B1%25E8%25AA%259E-%25E6%25BC%25A2%25E8%25AA%259E-%25E7%25B9%2581%25E9%25AB%2594%2Fmanuscript&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/tech/2007-02/21/content_5760935.htm">中国最古老的《古兰经》手抄本得到修复</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20070324043845/http://news.xinhuanet.com/tech/2007-02/21/content_5760935.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>），新華網，2007年02月21日</span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li>（法）弗雷德里克·巴比耶著，刘阳等译，《书籍的历史》，2005年，桂林，广西师范大学出版社，<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7563350055" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-5633-5005-5</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.sina.com.cn/c/cul/2006-08-07/170510654422.shtml">《南风窗》：手抄本的传阅史</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20060824075017/http://news.sina.com.cn/c/cul/2006-08-07/170510654422.shtml">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/book/2003-08/18/content_1030708.htm">张宝瑞：手抄本是文化饥渴的产物</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20040616235107/http://news.xinhuanet.com/book/2003-08/18/content_1030708.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070809174412/http://www.hnetv.com/movie/tv/115mhdan/word.htm">《梅花档案》手抄本在线浏览（可放大阅读）</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/book/2004-02/13/content_1312711.htm">当年手抄本《少女之心》已出版？</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080207213007/http://news.xinhuanet.com/book/2004-02/13/content_1312711.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927042547/http://ilf.cn/Article_Show.asp?ArticleID=6231">“文革”中的手抄本文学</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930181218/http://www.boxun.com/hero/zhouqing/3_1.shtml">周勍《“文革”手抄本:一株长在疮疤上的树——对剪掉舌头年代纪念物的一次总结与表达》</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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title="图书封面">封面</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%A4%E5%B0%81" title="护封">护封</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%9D%E5%B9%80" title="裝幀">装帧</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BC%8F%E8%A3%85%E5%B8%A7" title="中式装帧">中式装帧</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91" title="编辑">编辑</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="插图" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Book illustration"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%92%E5%9C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="插圖">插图</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_illustration" class="extiw" title="en:Book illustration"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Book illustration</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E9%87%91%E8%A3%85%E9%A5%B0%E6%89%8B%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="泥金装饰手抄本">泥金装饰手抄本</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7" title="印刷">印刷</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC" title="版本">版本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="印刷史">印刷史</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B8%E7%B1%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="典籍（页面不存在）">古籍</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="限量版图书" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Limited edition books"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%90%E9%87%8F%E7%89%88%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="限量版图书（页面不存在）">限量版图书</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited_edition_books" class="extiw" title="en:Limited edition books"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Limited edition books</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88" title="出版">出版</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%84%E5%8D%B0%E6%9C%AC" title="预印本">预印本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E8%A3%9D%E6%9B%B8" title="精裝書">精装书</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E8%A3%9D%E6%9B%B8" title="平裝書">平装书</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="书本尺寸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Book size"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%A6%E6%9C%AC%E5%B0%BA%E5%AF%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="书本尺寸（页面不存在）">尺寸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_size" class="extiw" title="en:Book size"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Book size</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%89%88" title="排版">排版</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B7" title="卷">卷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%BA%AB_(%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88)" title="文庫 (出版)">文库</a></li> <li><a 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class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_books" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of books"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of books</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9B%B8%E7%B1%8D" title="Category:書籍">图书</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%9B%B8%E7%B1%8D" title="Portal:書籍">主题</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="書寫與書寫用具（英语：-&#123;writing_material&#125;-）" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Writing" title="Template:Writing"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Writing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Writing（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Writing" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Writing"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="書寫與書寫用具（英语：-&#123;writing_material&#125;-）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B8%E5%AF%AB" title="書寫">書寫</a>與<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="書寫用具" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="writing material"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9B%B8%E5%AF%AB%E7%94%A8%E5%85%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="書寫用具（页面不存在）">書寫用具</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/writing_material" class="extiw" title="en:writing material"><span lang="en" dir="auto">writing material</span></a></span>）</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">可持久性</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">以植物為原料</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E8%91%89%E7%B6%93" title="貝葉經">棕櫚葉</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="扇椰子屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Borassus"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%87%E6%A4%B0%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="扇椰子屬（页面不存在）">扇椰子屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borassus" class="extiw" title="en:Borassus"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Borassus</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="貝葉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ola leaf"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B2%9D%E8%91%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="貝葉（页面不存在）">貝葉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ola_leaf" class="extiw" title="en:Ola leaf"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ola leaf</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%8F%B6%E6%A3%95" title="贝叶棕">贝叶棕</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="樺樹皮手稿" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Birch bark manuscript"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A8%BA%E6%A8%B9%E7%9A%AE%E6%89%8B%E7%A8%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="樺樹皮手稿（页面不存在）">樺樹皮</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birch_bark_manuscript" class="extiw" title="en:Birch bark manuscript"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Birch bark manuscript</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="樺樹皮" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Birch bark"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A8%BA%E6%A8%B9%E7%9A%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="樺樹皮（页面不存在）">樺木</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birch_bark" class="extiw" title="en:Birch bark"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Birch bark</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%8E%E8%8D%89%E7%BA%B8" title="莎草纸">莎草纸</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%99%E8%8E%8E%E8%8D%89" title="紙莎草">紙莎草</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%80%E7%89%8D" title="简牍">简牍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B8" title="纸">纸</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿馬特紙" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Amate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%A6%AC%E7%89%B9%E7%B4%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿馬特紙（页面不存在）">阿馬特紙</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amate" class="extiw" title="en:Amate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Amate</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="裏白夏" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Trema micrantha"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A3%8F%E7%99%BD%E5%A4%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="裏白夏（页面不存在）">裏白夏</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_micrantha" class="extiw" title="en:Trema micrantha"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Trema micrantha</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="勒颈无花果" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ficus aurea"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8B%92%E9%A2%88%E6%97%A0%E8%8A%B1%E6%9E%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="勒颈无花果（页面不存在）">勒颈无花果</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficus_aurea" class="extiw" title="en:Ficus aurea"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ficus aurea</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴拉貝手稿" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parabaik"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E8%B2%9D%E6%89%8B%E7%A8%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴拉貝手稿（页面不存在）">巴拉貝紙</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabaik" class="extiw" title="en:Parabaik"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parabaik</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%8A%E8%82%BE%E6%A0%91" title="鹊肾树">鹊肾树</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="折頁書" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Samut khoi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%98%E9%A0%81%E6%9B%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="折頁書（页面不存在）">折頁書</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samut_khoi" class="extiw" title="en:Samut khoi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Samut khoi</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li>鹊肾树</li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="折頁書" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Samut khoi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%98%E9%A0%81%E6%9B%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="折頁書（页面不存在）">Kraing</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samut_khoi" class="extiw" title="en:Samut khoi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Samut khoi</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%91%E6%A0%91" title="桑树">桑樹皮</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其它</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E6%9D%BF" title="泥板">泥板</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A0%9F%E6%9D%BF" title="蠟板">蠟板</a></li> <li>金屬 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9D%E5%A3%93" title="衝壓">衝壓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%B9%E7%89%88%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7" title="凹版印刷">凹版印刷</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E5%AD%A6" title="金石学">石頭</a></li> <li>動物皮 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8A%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%99" title="羊皮紙">羊皮紙</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犢皮紙" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vellum"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%A2%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犢皮紙（页面不存在）">犢皮紙</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellum" class="extiw" title="en:Vellum"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vellum</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="甲骨 (原料)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Oracle bone"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B2%E9%AA%A8_(%E5%8E%9F%E6%96%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="甲骨 (原料)（页面不存在）">甲骨</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone" class="extiw" title="en:Oracle bone"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Oracle bone</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E7%8E%8B%E5%A0%86%E5%B8%9B%E4%B9%A6" title="马王堆帛书">帛书</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E8%8A%B1" title="印花">印花</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地面繪畫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Geoglyph"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E9%9D%A2%E7%B9%AA%E7%95%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地面繪畫（页面不存在）">地面繪畫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoglyph" class="extiw" title="en:Geoglyph"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Geoglyph</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4" title="墨水">墨水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87" title="底片">底片</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">暫時性</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%BA%B8" title="电子纸">电子纸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E8%A6%96%E8%A6%BA%E5%8C%96%E9%A1%AF%E7%A4%BA%E5%99%A8" title="電子視覺化顯示器">銀幕</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="空中書寫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Skywriting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E4%B8%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="空中書寫（页面不存在）">空中書寫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skywriting" class="extiw" title="en:Skywriting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Skywriting</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">可攜帶類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E5%AD%A6" title="金石学">雕刻</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AE%E9%9B%95" title="浮雕">淺浮雕</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B7%E8%BB%B8" title="卷軸">卷軸</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">手抄本</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="重寫本" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Palimpsest"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E5%AF%AB%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重寫本（页面不存在）">重寫本</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palimpsest" class="extiw" title="en:Palimpsest"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Palimpsest</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="經典手稿" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Codex"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%93%E5%85%B8%E6%89%8B%E7%A8%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="經典手稿（页面不存在）">經典</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex" class="extiw" title="en:Codex"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Codex</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6" title="图书">图书</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%98%E8%99%9F" title="記號">記號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%BC%A9%E8%83%B6%E7%89%87" title="微缩胶片">微缩胶片</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%82%B3%E5%AA%92" title="電子傳媒">電子傳媒</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相關主題</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="文字">文字系統</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97%E5%8F%B2" title="文字史">文字史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="文字列表">文字列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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