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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Serer maternal dynasty from the Serer pre-colonial Kingdom of Sine in the 14th century</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Joos Maternal Dynasty</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Five_Pointed_Star_Lined.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Five_Pointed_Star_Lined.svg/150px-Five_Pointed_Star_Lined.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Five_Pointed_Star_Lined.svg/225px-Five_Pointed_Star_Lined.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Five_Pointed_Star_Lined.svg/300px-Five_Pointed_Star_Lined.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="245" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Serer_religion#Cosmology" title="Serer religion">The Star of Yoonir</a>. Symbol of the Universe in <a href="/wiki/Serer_religion" title="Serer religion">Serer religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serer_creation_myth" title="Serer creation myth">cosmogony</a>. It also symbolizes the <a href="/wiki/Serer_people" title="Serer people">Serer people</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sine" title="Kingdom of Sine">Sine</a>. (O xoor paÿ).</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent house</th><td class="infobox-data">Descendance of the <a href="/wiki/Serer_people" title="Serer people">Serer</a> princess <a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Fatim_Beye" title="Lingeer Fatim Beye">Lingeer Fatim Beye</a> of Sine.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sine" title="Kingdom of Sine">Kingdom of Sine</a>, part of present-day <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">c. 1367 (in <a href="/wiki/Waalo" title="Waalo">Waalo</a>)<a href="#cite_note-reign_1367-1">[1]</a> but much old in <a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_country" title="Category:Serer country">Serer country</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lamane" title="Lamane">Lamanic</a>-Era).<a href="#cite_note-lama-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Fatim_Beye" title="Lingeer Fatim Beye">Lingeer Fatim Beye</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sine" title="Kingdom of Sine">Sine</a>, established in <a href="/wiki/Waalo" title="Waalo">Waalo</a> by <a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Ndoye_Demba" title="Lingeer Ndoye Demba">Lingeer Ndoye Demba</a> of Sine.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Final ruler</th><td class="infobox-data">Brak Kharfi Khari Daaro (reigned 1837–1840)<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ca-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Titles</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brak_(African_kings)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brak (African kings)">Brak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lingeer" title="Lingeer">Lingeer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dissolution</th><td class="infobox-data">1855 – dissolution of Waalo after <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6_Mboj_Maalik_Mboj" title="Mö Mboj Maalik Mboj">Brak Mö Mboj Maalik Mboj</a> (last Brak), and the defeath of Lingeer Ndateh Yalla Mbooj and her husband Morosso Tasse Jobe by <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">the French</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> The Joos Maternal Dynasty (<a href="/wiki/Serer_language" title="Serer language">Serer</a>: Joos Fadiou/Fadioudj, other variations: Dioss Fahou/Fadiou,<a href="#cite_note-Ndoye-5">[5]</a> Dyoss,<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">[6]</a> Dieuss, Dihosou, Diouss,<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Dyoos<a href="#cite_note-Barry_p_73-9">[9]</a> or Djeus<a href="#cite_note-Felix-10">[10]</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Serer_people" title="Serer people">Serer</a> maternal dynasty which originated from the Serer pre-colonial <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sine" title="Kingdom of Sine">Kingdom of Sine</a> in the 14th century and spread to the <a href="/wiki/Wolof_people" title="Wolof people">Wolof</a> Kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Waalo" title="Waalo">Waalo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-reign_1367-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barry_p_73-9">[9]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Matriarch" class="mw-redirect" title="Matriarch">matriarch</a> or founder of this <a href="/wiki/Matrilineal_succession" title="Matrilineal succession">maternal</a> dynasty was <a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Fatim_Beye" title="Lingeer Fatim Beye">Lingeer Fatim Beye</a>, a princess and queen originally from the Kingdom of Sine.<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fatim_Beye-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> In Waalo, it was founded by the princess <a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Ndoye_Demba" title="Lingeer Ndoye Demba">Lingeer Ndoye Demba</a> of Sine.<a href="#cite_note-Felix-10">[10]</a> Lingeer Ndoye Demba was the maternal granddaughter of Lingeer Fatim Beye. They both came from the Serer ethnic group.<a href="#cite_note-Fatim_Beye-11">[11]</a> The pre-colonial Kingdoms of Sine and Waalo now forming a part of modern-day <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> maintained good relations with other pre-colonial kingdoms. From c. 1367,<a href="#cite_note-reign_1367-1">[1]</a> this <a href="/wiki/Matrilineal_succession" title="Matrilineal succession">maternal dynasty</a> provided many <a href="/wiki/Brak_(African_kings)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brak (African kings)">kings of Waalo who rule by the royal title "Brak"</a>. The Braks were the successors of the <a href="/wiki/Lamane" title="Lamane">Lamanes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Waalo" title="Waalo">Waalo</a>,<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> and ruled the country from the 14th century to 1855, the year Waalo fell to <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">the French</a> which resulted to the abolition of the monarchy. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Joos_Maternal_Dynasty&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Lamane" title="Lamane">Lamane</a>, <a href="/wiki/States_headed_by_ancient_Serer_Lamanes" class="mw-redirect" title="States headed by ancient Serer Lamanes">States headed by ancient Serer Lamanes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Serer_history" title="Timeline of Serer history">Timeline of Serer history</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Serer_maternal_clans" title="Serer maternal clans">Serer maternal clans</a></div> The origins of the Joos as a matriclan is uncertain. What is known is that, it is just one of the many <a href="/wiki/Serer_maternal_clans" title="Serer maternal clans">Serer matriclans</a><a href="#cite_note-Dup-15">[15]</a> which were in existence at the time of the <a href="/wiki/Lamane" title="Lamane">Lamanes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-lama-2">[2]</a> The Lamanes were the <a href="/wiki/States_headed_by_ancient_Serer_Lamanes" class="mw-redirect" title="States headed by ancient Serer Lamanes">old Serer kings</a>. The exact period within the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serer_calendar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serer calendar (page does not exist)">Serer calendar</a> that this matriclan first acquired notoriety in <a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_country" title="Category:Serer country">Serer country</a> is a matter of conjecture. Other than being in existence at the time of the Lamanes little is known about which part of the Lamanic period it first gained prominence. According to some sources, it was prominent by the first half of the 14th century. This corresponds to the collapse of the Lamanic Era (see also <a href="/wiki/Lamane_Jegan_Joof" title="Lamane Jegan Joof">Lamane Jegan Joof</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Joof_family" title="Joof family">Joof family</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guelowar" title="Guelowar">Guelowar</a>).<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sarr-17">[17]</a> The name of their clan (Joos Fadiou) means the Joos of Fadiou (<a href="/wiki/Fadiouth" class="mw-redirect" title="Fadiouth">Fadiouth</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Joos_Maternal_Dynasty&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Fatim_Beye" title="Lingeer Fatim Beye">Lingeer Fatim Beye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Ndoye_Demba" title="Lingeer Ndoye Demba">Lingeer Ndoye Demba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sine" title="Kingdom of Sine">Kingdom of Sine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Waalo" title="Waalo">Waalo</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Serer_history_(medieval_era_to_present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serer history (medieval era to present)">Serer history (medieval era to present)</a></div> The Joos Maternal Dynasty was one of the <a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_royalty" title="Category:Serer royalty">Serer</a> and Senegalese dysnasties in pre-colonial Senegal. The princess <a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Ndoye_Demba" title="Lingeer Ndoye Demba">Lingeer Ndoye Demba</a> (founder of this dynasty in Waalo) descended from the <a href="/wiki/Matrilineality" title="Matrilineality">maternal</a> line of <a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Fatim_Beye" title="Lingeer Fatim Beye">Lingeer Fatim Beye</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Fatim_Beye-11">[11]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Matriarch" class="mw-redirect" title="Matriarch">matriarch</a> of this dynasty, both originally from the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sine" title="Kingdom of Sine">Kingdom of Sine</a> and members of the <a href="/wiki/Serer_people" title="Serer people">Serer ethnic group</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ndoye-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">[6]</a> Lingeer Fatim Beye is the maternal grandmother of Ndoye Demba<a href="#cite_note-Ndoye-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">[6]</a> and ancestor of all the Joos that came after her.<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_1979_p_234-18">[18]</a> In some sources, she is cited as the founder of the Joos Dynasty.<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_1979_p_234-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">That Fatim Bey [Beye] is called the founder of Dioss [Joos] does not conflict with the view that Ndoye Demba is Dioss' ancestor. Fatim/Fatimata Beye was an earlier ancestor.<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_1979_p_234-18">[18]</a></blockquote> Lingeer Fatim Beye who was a contemporary of <a href="/wiki/Njaajan_Njie" class="mw-redirect" title="Njaajan Njie">Ndiadiane Ndiaye</a><a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_1979_p_234-18">[18]</a> the possibly mythical founder of the <a href="/wiki/Jolof_Empire" title="Jolof Empire">Jolof Empire</a>, is also reported to have been married to <a href="/wiki/Maad_a_Sinig_Maysa_Wali_Jaxateh_Manneh" title="Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali Jaxateh Manneh">Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali Jaxateh Manneh</a> (var: Manyeasa Wali Dione<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">[6]</a>) at one point.<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">[6]</a> Maysa Wali was the first member of the <a href="/wiki/Guelowar" title="Guelowar">Guelowar Dynasty</a> to rule in Sine or any of the <a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_country" title="Category:Serer country">Serer kingdoms</a> after a severe defeat inflicted on his family (the Guelowars) by the <a href="/wiki/%C3%91aanco" class="mw-redirect" title="Ñaanco">Ñaancos</a>. The Ñaancos were for several centuries until 1865 (the Battle of Kansala) the reigning and powerful maternal dynasty of <a href="/wiki/Kaabu" title="Kaabu">Kaabu</a> (in present-day <a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a>). They defeated the Guelowars at the Battle of Troubang, an alleged dynastic war between the royal houses of Guelowar and Ñaancos. In fact there was no "Battle of Troubang". In reporting this tradition, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Gravrand" title="Henry Gravrand">Henry Gravrand</a> did not notice that this is actually a description of the 1867 (or 1865) <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kansala" title="Battle of Kansala">Battle of Kansala</a> although the departure of the Guelowar can probably be explained by a war or a conflict of succession.<a href="#cite_note-Sarr_p_19-20">[20]</a> Having escaped <a href="/wiki/Kaabu" title="Kaabu">Kaabu</a>, the country of their birth, <a href="/wiki/Lamane#The_Great_Council_of_Lamanes" title="Lamane">they were granted asylum by the Serer nobility</a><a href="#cite_note-BD-21">[21]</a> to which Lingeer Fatim Beye's family were a member of.<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">[6]</a> The marriages between the upper echelons of Serer and Guelowar society sealed the union between Serer-Guelowar.<a href="#cite_note-BD-21">[21]</a> In 1350, Maysa Wali was nominated and elected <a href="/wiki/Maad_a_Sinig" title="Maad a Sinig">Maad a Sinig</a> (king of Sine) by the people of Sine, having served as legal advisor to the nobles that granted him and his family asylum.<a href="#cite_note-Sarr-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-BD-21">[21]</a> He ruled from 1350 to 1370.<a href="#cite_note-Sarr-17">[17]</a> The penetration of the Joos matriclan of Sine in the <a href="/wiki/Wolof_people" title="Wolof people">Wolof</a> Kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Waalo" title="Waalo">Waalo</a> came via Lingeer Ndoye Demba. The Kingdom of Waalo was ruled by the Mbooj paternal family<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> who went by the royal title <a href="/wiki/Brak_(African_kings)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brak (African kings)">Brak</a> (title for the kings of Waalo). As well as this <a href="/wiki/Patrilineal_succession" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrilineal succession">patrilineal mode of succession</a>, a Brak had to belong to one of the main three royal <a href="/wiki/Matrilineal_succession" title="Matrilineal succession">matriclans</a> before being eligible to succeed to the throne. These three maternal clans were the reigning maternal dynasties of Waalo and included: the Joos Maternal Dynasty (of Serer origin<a href="#cite_note-Barry_p_73-9">[9]</a>), Tedyek<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> (of <a href="/wiki/Fula_people" title="Fula people">Fula</a> origin<a href="#cite_note-Barry_p_73-9">[9]</a> although other sources suggests a <a href="/wiki/Mende_people" title="Mende people">Mende</a> origin<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a>) and Loggar (of <a href="/wiki/Moors" title="Moors">Moor</a> origin<a href="#cite_note-Barry_p_73-9">[9]</a>). In <a href="/wiki/Wolof_language" title="Wolof language">Wolof</a>, matriclans are called meen or mène,<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">[6]</a> in <a href="/wiki/Serer_language" title="Serer language">Serer</a>, they are called tim.<a href="#cite_note-Dup-15">[15]</a> Succession was <a href="/wiki/Patrilineality" title="Patrilineality">patrilineal</a> (kurcala in Serer, meaning paternal inheritance<a href="#cite_note-Beck-25">[25]</a> or simanGol meaning paternal lineage<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a>) as well as matrilineal (ƭeen yaay<a href="#cite_note-Beck-25">[25]</a> or den yaay<a href="#cite_note-Dup-15">[15]</a> in Serer). <a href="/wiki/Lingeer" title="Lingeer">Lingeer</a> Ndoye Demba (princess of Sine) was given in marriage to the king of Waalo (Brak Caaka Mbooj) when he visited the Sine. The <a href="/wiki/Royal_wedding" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal wedding">royal wedding</a> took place in Sine, and after the marriage, the princess accompanied her husband to his country (Waalo). The Joos Maternal Dynasty although long established in Sine, and just one of the many <a href="/wiki/Serer_maternal_clans" title="Serer maternal clans">Serer matriclans</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Dup-15">[15]</a> it was the newest addition to the <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Era">medieval</a> maternal dynasties of Waalo. The other maternal dynasties of Waalo (Tedyek and Loggar) were already established. The mother of Brak Caaka Mbodj was a Loggar and his first wife (Lingeer Isa Tanor) a Tedyek. Isa Tanor descended from the maternal line of Guet May Beut (the matriarch of the Tedyeks).<a href="#cite_note-Felix-10">[10]</a> For the next six hundred years since its foundation to the dissolution of Waalo in 1855, royal princes from these three maternal dynasties engaged in dynastic civil wars in order to secure their succession to the throne. In the 18th century, the prince Mö Mbôdy Kumba Khedy Mbooj (later – Brak Mö Mbôdy Kumba Khedy Mbooj, reigned c. 1734 – 1735, according to Amadou Wade<a href="#cite_note-Mo-27">[27]</a>), who was then the head of the Joos Dynasty galvanised the support of his maternal clan and led a <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" title="Ethnic cleansing">massacre of the other</a> maternal <a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">dynasties</a> of Waalo, particularly the Tedyeks, the biggest rivals to the Joos. Many prominent members of the Tedyek clan were killed by the Joos including the reigning king at the time Brak Yerim Ndateh Boubou (Tedyek),<a href="#cite_note-Tal-28">[28]</a> as well as his family.<a href="#cite_note-Mbori_&_son-29">[29]</a> This historical event precipitated the Battle of Nder more commonly referred to as Talaata-i-Ndeer . The phrase "Talaata-i-Ndeer" (or Talaata i Ndeer / Nder) means "Tuesday of Ndeer", signifying the fact the event took place on a Tuesday at the then capital of Waalo (Ndeer or Nder).<a href="#cite_note-Tal-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mbori_&_son-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Uni-30">[30]</a> Other sources seems to indicate that, either the Joos family did not cause the Battle of Nder (Talaata Ñ'Deer among some<a href="#cite_note-Uni-30">[30]</a>) or there were two historical battles of Nder (one during the reigns of Brak Yerim Ndateh Boubou and Brak Mö Mbôdy Kumba Khedy<a href="#cite_note-Tal-28">[28]</a> or during the reign of Brak Njaak Kumba Xuri Yaay<a href="#cite_note-Uni-30">[30]</a>). According to some, the battle was caused by the Fulani <a href="/wiki/Almamy" class="mw-redirect" title="Almamy">Almamy</a> of <a href="/wiki/Futa_Toro" class="mw-redirect" title="Futa Toro">Futa Toro</a> who led a surprised attack at Nder after Brak Njaak Kumba Xuri Yaay (the king of Waalo)<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> had left his capital (Nder) on a visit to Ndar (<a href="/wiki/Saint-Louis,_Senegal" title="Saint-Louis, Senegal">St. Louis, in Senegal</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Uni-30">[30]</a> However, the general consensus is that, there was only one historical "Talaata-i-Ndeer" ("The Battle of Nder") – the battle which took place between the Joos and Tedyek family.<a href="#cite_note-Tal-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mbori_&_son-29">[29]</a> This confusion is due to a chronological error in Amadou Wade's Chronique du Walo where the year of reign for the kings of Waalo (Brak) were listed in error.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Another reason for this confusion is that, the original battle instigated by the Joos,<a href="#cite_note-Tal-28">[28]</a> created a civil war which lasted for several years (20 years according to some<a href="#cite_note-Mbori_&_son-29">[29]</a> or 29 years<a href="#cite_note-Tal-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ogot-33">[33]</a>) That civil war may have continued right up to the reign of Brak Njaak Kumba Xuri Yaay who reigned long after Brak Yerim Ndateh Boubou and Brak Mö Mbôdy Kumba Khedy.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> The surprise attack launched in Waalo against Brak Njaak Kumba Xuri Yaay's capital (Nder) by the Almamy of Futa, was just one of many of his <a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">jihadic</a> expeditions especially in Jolof and Cayor. He was finally defeated by the <a href="/wiki/Damel" title="Damel">Damel</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cayor" title="Cayor">Cayor</a> (Amari Ngoneh Ndela or Amari Ngoné Ndella, reigned 1790–1809<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a>). Following the "Joos Wars" led by their leader Mö Mbôdy Kumba Khedy, the throne of Waalo was secured by the Joos family who spend a long time waging wars to retain it.<a href="#cite_note-Mbori_&_son-29">[29]</a> However, long after the death of Brak Mö Mbôdy Kumba Khedy, the throne was peacefully handed over to the rightfully elected king (a Tedyek) by the Council of Electors (the Sek ak Baor<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> or Seb ak Baor<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_69-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barry_72-38">[38]</a>). Although <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6_Mboj_Maalik_Mboj" title="Mö Mboj Maalik Mboj">Brak Mö Mboj Maalik Mboj</a> (a Loggar) was the last Brak of Waalo just before the collapsed of the monarchy in 1855<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> under Lingeer Ndateh Yalla Mbooj (a Tedyek) and her husband Morosso Tasse Jobe (prince of <a href="/wiki/Cayor" title="Cayor">Cayor</a>), the political scene of Waalo was dominated by the Joos and Tedyek Dynasty for nearly 600 years.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> The greatest threat to the Joos were the Tedyeks, who provided more kings of Waalo.<a href="#cite_note-Ogot-33">[33]</a> The Loggars were prominent during early part of the Mbooj paternal dynasty, but lost their dominance later on. In the 18th century, they tried to allied themselves with the Joos in order to gain power and succeed to the throne. The Joos – Loggar alliances dominated the political scene of Waalo in this period. It also exacerbated the political situation of the country and the civil war. In this period where every maternal family tried to advance their own cause, alliances were formed and broken (see list of kings below, "Brak Yerim Kode Fara Mbune").<a href="#cite_note-Joss-Loggar-41">[41]</a> The powers of these maternal dynasties were very real.<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">[6]</a> They were able to raise an army as in the Battle of Nder; had the financial capacity and backing to ensure the <a href="/wiki/Coronation" title="Coronation">accession</a> of their clan members. The enthroned <a href="/wiki/Lingeer" title="Lingeer">Lingeer</a> - Njombot Mbooj,<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> the full blood sister of Ndateh Yalla and daughter of Brak Amar Fatim Borso Mbooj (a Joos), is reported to have bribed a prominent member of the Council of Electors by the name of Jawdin Sharlu<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> (var. Dyawdin Sharlu<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_69-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barry_72-38">[38]</a>) with a total sum of 1500 <a href="/wiki/French_Franc" class="mw-redirect" title="French Franc">French Francs</a> and gold just to secure the election of her preferred candidate.<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_69-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barry_72-38">[38]</a> This <a href="/wiki/Bribery" title="Bribery">bribery</a>, is reported to have been carried out in the three days she had her randevu with the Council member (500 French Francs a day including gold).<a href="#cite_note-BIFAN_69-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barry_72-38">[38]</a> Njombot Mbooj (born 1800,<a href="#cite_note-She-44">[44]</a> died September 1846<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a>) and her younger sister (Ndateh Yalla) were two of the most powerful women in Senegalese history in the first half of the 19th century.<a href="#cite_note-She-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> They were preceded by Lingeer Yassin (early 19th century) and Lingeer Mbarika Mbooj (17th century), two of the most powerful and influential women of Senegalese dynastic history. Both were from the Joos matriclan. Lingeer Mbarika Mbooj (var. Mborika or Mbarika Mbodje<a href="#cite_note-Mbori_&_son-29">[29]</a>) was the mother of Brak Yerim Kode Ngone, the head of the 17 princes of Joos.<a href="#cite_note-Mbori_&_son-29">[29]</a> Although the <a href="/wiki/Jolof_Empire" title="Jolof Empire">Jolof Empire</a> collapsed in 1549 following the Battle of Danki, some kings of Jolof (Bourba) tried to rejuvenate the old Empire. As a council member of her son's court, Brak Yerim Kode Ngone spent many years of his reign trying to repulse the Jolof advance and liberate Waalo from the yoke of Jolof. He is reported to have died fighting his last war with Jolof. He is one of the most revered kings of Waalo for his part in achieving Waalo's independence, free from Jolof control. Waalo was totally liberated from the influence of Jolof few years after his death.<a href="#cite_note-Gaden-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_kings">List of kings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Joos_Maternal_Dynasty&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: List of kings">edit</a>]</div> The following is a list of some of the <a href="/wiki/Brak_(African_kings)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brak (African kings)">Braks</a> of Waalo who partains to the Joos Maternal Dynasty. Their <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is Mbooj : <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brak_Yerim_Mbanyik_Ndoye_Demba_Mbooj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brak Yerim Mbanyik Ndoye Demba Mbooj (page does not exist)">Brak Yerim Mbanyik Ndoye Demba Mbooj</a> (var. Yérim Mbanyik Ndoy Demba), most probably reigned from <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1403 to 1410<a href="#cite_note-reign_1367-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Yerim-49">[49]</a> (or 1445–1457 according to some<a href="#cite_note-Yerim-49">[49]</a>). Son of Lingeer Ndoye Demba and Brak Caaka Mbaar. When the Jaw and Gaye family tried to launch a war against him to have him dethroned, he defeated them with his army and forced them to seek refuge in <a href="/wiki/Tekrur" class="mw-redirect" title="Tekrur">Tekrur</a> now <a href="/wiki/Futa_Toro" class="mw-redirect" title="Futa Toro">Futa Toro</a> in <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a></li> <li>Brak Kiou Kouli (var. Kioukouli<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a>)<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a></li> <li>Brak Mayor Aissa<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a></li> <li>Brak Fara Koy Jon (var. Fara Koy Dyon or Fara Kodiègue),<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a> reigned c. 1676 – 1679<a href="#cite_note-Barry_likely-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Brak Fara Koy Jobe (var. Fara Koy Dyôp or Fara Kouri Kodiop)<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a></li> <li>Brak Fara Ko Ndaama (var. Fara Ko Ndama),<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a> reigned c. 1670 – 1683<a href="#cite_note-Barry_likely-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Brak Naatago Khari Daaro (var. Natagou Khary Daro)<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a></li> <li>Brak Yerim Kode Ngone Mbooj (var. Yerim Kode N'Dyureane<a href="#cite_note-Gaden-48">[48]</a>), reigned c. 1673 – 1676?.<a href="#cite_note-Barry_likely-53">[53]</a> Reported to have died in battle fighting <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jolof" title="Kingdom of Jolof">Jolof</a>. He was the head of the 17 princes of Joos and one of the most revered Braks of Waalo.<a href="#cite_note-Mbori_&_son-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gaden-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barry_likely-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Brak Fara Kumba, reigned c. 1665 – 1673 (first), c. 1664 – 1676 (second).<a href="#cite_note-Barry_likely-53">[53]</a> According to some, he died in 1676 during the <a href="/wiki/Marabout" title="Marabout">Marabout</a> wars launched against him (the <a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">jihads</a> of <a href="/wiki/Senegambia" title="Senegambia">Senegambia</a> launched by the Muslims).<a href="#cite_note-Barry_likely-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Brak Mö Mbôdy Kumba Khedy Mbooj, reigned c. 1734 – 1735.<a href="#cite_note-Mo-27">[27]</a> One of the best known Braks of Waalo, although for the wrong reasons. Instigated and led the Joos at the Battle of Nder. The Joos were victorious. After the killing of the reigning Brak – Yerim Ndateh Boubou (Tedyek), Brak Mö Mbôdy Kumba Khedy entered the residence of his own paternal aunt – Lingeer Condama (var. Kô Ndama, a Tedyek) and assassinated her. Lingeer Condama was accused of favouring her own maternal nephew (Brak Yerim Ndateh Bubou) against her paternal nephew (Brak Mö Mbôdy Kumba Khedy), and engaging in the political affairs of Waalo which were detrimental to the Joos cause.<a href="#cite_note-Tal-28">[28]</a> According to Amadou Wade, he was assassinated on the day of his coronation.<a href="#cite_note-Mo-27">[27]</a> It is advanced that, a professional assassine from Trazar, by the name of Solomono was hired to carry out the mission.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></li> <li>Brak Yerim Kode Fara Mbune Mbooj (var. Yérim Kodé Mbunè<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> or Yérim Kodé Fara Mbouma<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a>), He came to power having allied himself with his matriclan (the Joos) and the Loggars, especially Ndyak Xuri (var. Njaak Xuri). His predecessor Yerim Mbanyik Anta (Tedyek) was killed along with several Tedyek princes. His Loggar ally (Ndyak Xuri) was hoping to succeed to the throne after the demise of the Tedyek, however, he didn't succeed to the throne. After their victory, Yerim Kode Fara Mbune succeeded to the throne and his Loggar ally was exiled to Jolof. About two years after his reign (according to some), Ndyak Xuri, leading the Loggar clan, formed an alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Lamane" title="Lamane">Lamtoro</a> of Futa Toro and the Emir of Trazar in order to dethrone Yerim Kode Fara Mbune. At the Battle of Mbuden, Yerim Kode Fara was killed along with many members of the Joos family.<a href="#cite_note-Joss-Loggar-41">[41]</a></li> <li>Brak Maboje Kumba (var. Mabodje Coumba<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a>) reigned 6 November 1775 – 5 May 1776.<a href="#cite_note-Barry_likely-53">[53]</a> His reigne coincided with the battles involving the Joos and Loggar, the intervention of governor O'Hara in Waalo's civil war and Moorish interference in the country's politics.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></li> <li>Brak Saayodo Yaasin Mbôdy Mbooj<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a> (var. Saayodo Yassin Modi or Sayodo Yacine Mbodje<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a>), reigned c. 1801 – 1806<a href="#cite_note-Ca-4">[4]</a> or 1805–1810 <a href="#cite_note-Barry_likely-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Brak Amar Fatim Borso Mbooj (var. Amar Faatim Borsô or Amar Faty Mborso<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a>), reigned 1812–1823,<a href="#cite_note-Ca-4">[4]</a> (probably reigned up to 1825 or 1826, because he is reported to have died in January 1826<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a>). Known for his <a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">anti-Islamic</a> views. He is cited to have said a Brak should never convert to Islam. That was after the <a href="/wiki/Almamy" class="mw-redirect" title="Almamy">Almamy</a> of Futa Toro (Almamy Biran) launched his jihad in his country among other Senegambian states such as Jolof and Cayor, and converted the king of Jolof as well as Brak Fara Penda Tigereleh (a Tedyek and predecessor of Brak Amar Fatim Borso). The Joos, led by Amar Fatim and other clan members, regarded Fara Penda as too weak for converting through fear, rather than standing up to the Almany. Although Fara Penda stated his conversion was sincere, he was not believed. Amar Fatim is also the father of Lingeer Ndateh Yalla and Njombout (both Tedyeks, their mother Lingeer Awo Fatim Yamar Khuri Yaye Mbooj).<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a></li> <li>Kharfi Khari Daaro (var. Khirfi Khary Daro), reigned 1837–1840<a href="#cite_note-in-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ca-4">[4]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_queens">List of queens</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Joos_Maternal_Dynasty&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: List of queens">edit</a>]</div> This list gives some of the prominent queens or queen mothers who belong to this maternal dynasty. They go by the royal title <a href="/wiki/Lingeer" title="Lingeer">Lingeer</a> (var. linger<a href="#cite_note-Barry_72-38">[38]</a>) : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Fatim_Beye" title="Lingeer Fatim Beye">Lingeer Fatim Beye</a> – matriarch of the Joos c. 1335</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Ndoye_Demba" title="Lingeer Ndoye Demba">Lingeer Ndoye Demba</a>, founder of the Joos dynasty in Waalo, c. 1367</li> <li>Lingeer Mbarika Mbooj (var. Mborika or Mbarika Mbodje<a href="#cite_note-Mbori_&_son-29">[29]</a>) – mother of Brak Yerim Kode Ngone, the head of the 17 princes of Joos.<a href="#cite_note-Mbori_&_son-29">[29]</a></li> <li>Lingeer Yassin (var. Yacine Mboj) – mother of Brak Saayodo Yassin Modi Mbooj and wife of prince Jabou Jouba Ali Mbooj (var. Diabou Douba Ali)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Joos_Maternal_Dynasty&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Royal_House_of_Boureh_Gnilane_Joof" title="The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof">The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Royal_House_of_Jogo_Siga_Joof" title="The Royal House of Jogo Siga Joof">The Royal House of Jogo Siga Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Royal_House_of_Semou_Njekeh_Joof" title="The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof">The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/32px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/48px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/64px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Senegal" title="Portal:Senegal">Senegal portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/31px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/47px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/62px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg/30px-Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg/45px-Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg/60px-Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="108" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Monarchy" title="Portal:Monarchy">Monarchy portal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Joos_Maternal_Dynasty&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-reign_1367-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-reign_1367_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-reign_1367_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-reign_1367_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-reign_1367_1-3">d</a> The reign of Caaka Mbaar (var. Tyaaka Mbar) [in] Barry (1985), p 328 (in French)<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p7sksX5VsncC&dq=Waalo+Mbarika&pg=PA184">[1]</a>. See page 327 for the most probable date of his son – Yerim Mbanyik Ndoye Demba's reign (var. Yérim Mbanyik Ndoy Demba) (in French)<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p7sksX5VsncC&dq=Waalo+Mbarika&pg=PA184">[2]</a> (Retrieved 21 July 2012) </li> <li id="cite_note-lama-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lama_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-lama_2-1">b</a> BIFAN (1955), pp 313–326 </li> <li id="cite_note-in-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-in_3-12">m</a> Barry (1985) pp 312–30 </li> <li id="cite_note-Ca-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ca_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ca_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ca_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ca_4-3">d</a> Zaghi, Carlo, "L'Africa nella coscienza europea e l'imperialismo italiano", Guida (1973), p 288 </li> <li id="cite_note-Ndoye-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ndoye_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ndoye_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ndoye_5-2">c</a> Bulletin. Serie B: Sciences humaines / <a href="/wiki/Institut_fondamental_d%27Afrique_noire" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire">Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire</a>, Volume 41. p 234, (1979) </li> <li id="cite_note-BIFAN_55-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_55_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_55_6-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_55_6-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_55_6-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_55_6-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_55_6-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_55_6-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_55_6-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_55_6-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_55_6-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_55_6-10">k</a> Institut français d'Afrique noire, Bulletin de l'Institut français d'Afrique noire: Sciences humaines, Volume 17. IFAN, (1955), p 317 (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> Monteil, p 36, </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> Bulletin. Serie B: Sciences humaines / <a href="/wiki/Institut_fondamental_d%27Afrique_noire" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire">Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire</a>, Volume 41. p 225 (1979) </li> <li id="cite_note-Barry_p_73-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_p_73_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_p_73_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_p_73_9-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_p_73_9-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_p_73_9-4">e</a> <a href="/wiki/Boubacar_Barry" title="Boubacar Barry">Barry, Boubacar</a>, "Le Royaume du Waalo: le Sénégal avant la conquête", KARTHALA Editions (1985), p 73, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2865371417" title="Special:BookSources/2865371417">2865371417</a> (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-Felix-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Felix_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Felix_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Felix_10-2">c</a> Brigaud, Félix, "Histoire du Sénégal: Des origines aux traités de protectorat", Clair-afrique (1964), p 16 (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-Fatim_Beye-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fatim_Beye_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fatim_Beye_11-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fatim_Beye_11-2">c</a> Many variations: Fatimata Beye (see BIFAN, 1979, pp 225, 233), Fatim/Fatimata Beye (see BIFAN, 1979, p 234), Fatime Bey (BIFAN, 1979, p 234), etc. The <a href="/wiki/Category:Surnames_of_Serer_origin" title="Category:Surnames of Serer origin">Serer surname</a> Beye or Bèye, following its French spelling in Senegal is also a Serer matriclan. Fatim (proper: Fa tim) in <a href="/wiki/Serer_language" title="Serer language">Serer language</a> means "the maternal clan of..." For more on Serer matrilineality, see Jean-Marc Gastellu « 'Petit traité de matrilinarité. L'accumulation dans deux sociétés rurales d'Afrique de l'Ouest', Cahiers ORSTOM, série Sciences Humaines (1985) » (in French), in Jean-Marc Gastellu, "Matrilineages, Economic Groups and Differentiation in West Africa": A Note (O.R.S.TO.M) </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> Bulletin de l'Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire: Sciences humaines, Volume 41 (1979), p 225 </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> Boulègue, Jean, "Le Grand Jolof", (XVIIIe – XVIe Siècle). (Paris, Edition Façades), Karthala (1987), p 30 (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> Dyao, Yoro, "Légendes et coutumes sénégalaises", Cahiers de Yoro Dyao: publiés et commentés par Henri Gaden. (E. Leroux, 1912) (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-Dup-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dup_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dup_15-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dup_15-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dup_15-3">d</a> <a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Dupire" title="Marguerite Dupire">Dupire, Marguerite</a>, Sagesse sereer: Essais sur la pensée <a href="/wiki/Serer-Ndut" class="mw-redirect" title="Serer-Ndut">sereer ndut</a>, KARTHALA Editions (1994) (in French). For tim and den yaay (see p. 116). The book also deals in depth about the Serer matriclans and means of succession through the matrilineal line. See also pages 38, 95-99, 104, 119–20, 123, 160, 172–4 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Fag2wuiV7t8C&q=Sagesse+sereer:essais+sur+la+pense+sereer+ndut">[3]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2865374874" title="Special:BookSources/2865374874">2865374874</a> (Retrieved 9 July 2012) </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> Diouf, "Chronique du Royaume du Sine", p 705 (p 3) </li> <li id="cite_note-Sarr-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sarr_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sarr_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sarr_17-2">c</a> <a href="/wiki/Alioune_Sarr" title="Alioune Sarr">Sarr, Alioune</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alioune_Sarr#Histoire_du_Sine-Saloum" title="Alioune Sarr">Histoire du Sine-Saloum</a> (Sénégal). Introduction, bibliographie et notes par Charles Becker. Version légèrement remaniée par rapport à celle qui est parue en 1986-87. p 19 (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-BIFAN_1979_p_234-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_1979_p_234_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_1979_p_234_18-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_1979_p_234_18-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_1979_p_234_18-3">d</a> BIFAN (1979), p 234 </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Dyao, Yoro (1912) </li> <li id="cite_note-Sarr_p_19-20"><a href="#cite_ref-Sarr_p_19_20-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Alioune_Sarr" title="Alioune Sarr">Sarr, Alioune</a>, Histoire du Sine-Saloum (Sénégal) Introduction, bibliographie et notes par Charles Becker. 1986–87, p 19 </li> <li id="cite_note-BD-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BD_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BD_21-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BD_21-2">c</a> « <a href="/wiki/Babacar_S%C3%A9dikh_Diouf" class="mw-redirect" title="Babacar Sédikh Diouf">Babacar Sédikh Diouf</a> » in Ngom, Biram La question Gelwaar et l’histoire du Siin, Dakar, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dakar" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Dakar">Université de Dakar</a> (1987), p 69 (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> Variations: Mbodj, Mboj, etc. </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> Many variations: Tédiek (see Brigaud) or Teedyekk (see Barry) </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> « Amadou Wade, Chronique, commenté par Vincent Monteil, 1966 » [in] Sall, Ibrahima Abou, Mauritanie du Sud: conquêtes et administration coloniales françaises, 1890-1945, KARTHALA Editions (2007), p 49, note 20. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2845868650" title="Special:BookSources/2845868650">2845868650</a> : <dl><dd>"Logar (mot qui serait d'origine berbére), Joos (mot qui serait d'origine seereer) et Teejëk (mot qui serait d'origine mannde)"</dd> <dd>Translation: Logar (a word of Berber origin [i.e. the Moors]), Joos (a word of Serer origin) and Teejëk (a word of Mande origine).<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R_CM0YltPX8C&dq=Joos+origines+senegal&pg=PA49">[4]</a> (Retrieved 9 July 2012) (in French)</dd></dl> </li> <li id="cite_note-Beck-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Beck_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Beck_25-1">b</a> Becker, Charles: "Vestiges historiques, trémoins matériels du passé clans les pays sereer", Dakar (1993), CNRS – ORS TO M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/pleins_textes_5/b_fdi_01/010014636.pdf">[5]</a> (Retrieved 9 July 2012) (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> Kalis, Simone, "Médecine traditionnelle religion et divination chez les Seereer Sine du Senegal", La connaissance de la nuit, L'Harmattan (1997), p 299, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-7384-5196-9" title="Special:BookSources/2-7384-5196-9">2-7384-5196-9</a> (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-Mo-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mo_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mo_27-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mo_27-2">c</a> According to Amadou Wade, Mö Mbôdy Kumba Khedy reigned from 1734 to 1735 and was assassinated on the day of his coronation. see « Amadou Wade, "Chronique du Walo", in Barry (1985), p 312 </li> <li id="cite_note-Tal-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tal_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tal_28-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tal_28-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tal_28-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tal_28-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tal_28-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tal_28-6">g</a> Variations: Brak Yêrim Ndatè Bubu; also for Talaata-i-Ndeer see BIFAN 1964: "Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire", Bulletin, Volumes 26-27, IFAN (1964); & Monteil, Esquisses sénégalaises) </li> <li id="cite_note-Mbori_&_son-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mbori_&_son_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mbori_&_son_29-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mbori_&_son_29-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mbori_&_son_29-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mbori_&_son_29-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mbori_&_son_29-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mbori_&_son_29-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mbori_&_son_29-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mbori_&_son_29-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mbori_&_son_29-9">j</a> « Dyaw, Yoro» in Barry (1985), pp 184–6 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p7sksX5VsncC&dq=Waalo+Mbarika&pg=PA184">[6]</a> (Retrieved 21 July) (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-Uni-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Uni_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Uni_30-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Uni_30-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Uni_30-3">d</a> Université de Dakar. Département de langues et civilisations germaniques, Études germano-africaines: revue annuelle du Département de langues et civilisations germaniques de la Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines de l'Université de Dakar (Sénégal), Issue 6, Le Département (1988), p 51 </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> Variation: Brak Ndaak Kumba Xuri Yaay (see Université de Dakar. Département de langues et civilisations germaniques, Études germano-africaines: revue annuelle du Département de langues et civilisations germaniques de la Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines de l'Université de Dakar (Sénégal), Issue 6, Le Département (1988), p 51) </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> In Amadou Wade's Chronique du Waalo, Ndiadiane Ndiaye (the maternal half brother of Brak Barka Mbooj / Mbodj – ancestor of the Mbooj paternal dynasty and the first Brak from this family) is listed as reigning from the late 12th century (1186, also [in] Barry 1985, pp 311–12). However, this was an error, based on the previous and wrongly held belief that Ndiadiane Ndiaye (var. Ndyaadyaan Ndyay, see Barry, 1985, p. 41) was the son of the 11th century Almoravid leader (<a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Umar" title="Abu Bakr ibn Umar">Abu Bakr ibn Umar</a>) who died in November 1087 (a contemporary of <a href="/wiki/Amar_Godomat" title="Amar Godomat">Amar Godomat</a> or Ama Gôdô Maat, not Ndiadiane). However, that previously held assumption has been discarded. The general consensus is that, Ndiadiane Ndiaye's reign (and thus his contemporary maternal half brother) is placed within the later half of the 14th century (1360), which was 10 years after the reign of <a href="/wiki/Maad_a_Sinig_Maysa_Wali_Jaxateh_Manneh" title="Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali Jaxateh Manneh">Maysa Wali</a> king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sine" title="Kingdom of Sine">Sine</a>. For a review and analysis of Amadou Waad's Chronique du Waalo, see Barry (1985, especially pages 41, 147) and 1972. For Ndiadiane's reign, see <a href="/wiki/John_D._Fage" class="mw-redirect" title="John D. Fage">Fage, John, D.</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Roland_Oliver" title="Roland Oliver">Oliver, Roland</a>, The Cambridge history of Africa: From c. 1600 to c. 1790, p 486, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0521209811" title="Special:BookSources/0521209811">0521209811</a>. For Maysa Wali's reign, see <a href="/wiki/Alioune_Sarr" title="Alioune Sarr">Sarr, Alioune</a>'s, Histoire du Sine-Saloum (Sénégal) (introduction, bibliographie et notes par Charles Becker)', in Bulletin de l'IFAN, vol. 46, series B, nos 3-4, 1986–1987, p 19, (in French). <dl><dd><dl><dd>Also see <a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Ndoye_Demba" title="Lingeer Ndoye Demba">Lingeer Ndoye Demba</a> which contains the genealogy of this family.</dd></dl></dd></dl> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ogot-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ogot_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ogot_33-1">b</a> Ogot, Bethwell A., Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century, (Editors: Bethwell A. Ogot, <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">Unesco</a>. International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General <a href="/wiki/History_of_Africa" title="History of Africa">History of Africa</a>; contributors: Bethwell A. Ogot, Unesco. International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of Africa, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a> (1992), p 281, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0435948113" title="Special:BookSources/0435948113">0435948113</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_dj9RRrvYjkC&dq=joos+waalo&pg=PA281">The "Joos"</a> (Retrieved 11 July 2012) </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> For the kings of Waalo, see Barry (1985) </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> Diop, Papa Samba, Glossaire du roman sénégalais, L'Harmattan, Paris (2010), pp 142–143, (in French) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-296-11508-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-296-11508-8">978-2-296-11508-8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> The Seb ak Baor or proper: Seb ak Baor was the noble council responsible for electing the kings (<a href="/wiki/Brak_(African_kings)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brak (African kings)">Brak</a>) from the royal family of <a href="/wiki/Waalo" title="Waalo">Waalo</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-BIFAN_69-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_69_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_69_37-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_69_37-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIFAN_69_37-3">d</a> Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire, Bulletin de l'Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire: Sciences humaines, Volume 31, IFAN (1969), pp 409–410 (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-Barry_72-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_72_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_72_38-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_72_38-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_72_38-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_72_38-4">e</a> Barry, Boubacar, Le royaume du waalo, le Sénégal avant la conquête, F. Maspéro (1972), p 286 (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> Barry, (1985), p 41 </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> See Barry (1972 & 1985); and Wade </li> <li id="cite_note-Joss-Loggar-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Joss-Loggar_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Joss-Loggar_41-1">b</a> Barry, (1985), pp 185–6 </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> Many variations: Ndieumbeutt Mbodj, see Barry (1985), or Ndyômbôt, see BIFAN 1969, other var. Jombot. </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> There are many variations in the spelling of Jawdin (following its English spelling in <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">the Gambia</a>), e.g. Dyawdin (French spelling in <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>), etc. Jawdin Sharlu was a member of the Council of Electors (Sek ak Baor, or "seb ak baor" see Barry 1972, p 286; and BIFAN 1969, p 409). His name is Sharlu. The name Jawdin is a title of nobility in Waalo. The noble Council was composed of three groups of nobles: Jawdin (Serer and Fula origin), Maalo or Malo (usually Serer) and Jogomay or Dyogomay (usually Fula). This Council elected the kings of Waalo according to a pre-defined criteria. For more on this, see the <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Maad_a_Sinig_Kumba_Ndoffene_Famak_Joof" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronation of Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof">Coronation of Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof</a>, see also Wade; and Barry 1972 & 1985 </li> <li id="cite_note-She-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-She_44-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-She_44-1">b</a> Sheldon, Kathleen E., Historical dictionary of women in <a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">Sub-Saharan Africa</a>, vol. 1, <a href="/wiki/Scarecrow_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Scarecrow Press">Scarecrow Press</a> (2005), p 148 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0810853310" title="Special:BookSources/0810853310">0810853310</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> Spelt Ndieumbeutt Mbodj, see Sheldon, Kathleen E., Historical dictionary of women in <a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">Sub-Saharan Africa</a>, vol. 1, <a href="/wiki/Scarecrow_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Scarecrow Press">Scarecrow Press</a> (2005) p 148, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0810853310" title="Special:BookSources/0810853310">0810853310</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Patience_Sonko-Godwin" title="Patience Sonko-Godwin">Sonko-Godwin, Patience</a>, Ethnic groups of the Senegambia: a brief history, Sunrise Publishers (1988), pp. 29–31 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9983860007" title="Special:BookSources/9983860007">9983860007</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> Wade, Amadou, « Chronique du Walo Sénégalais (1186–1855) », B. Cissé trans., V. Monteil, editor, Bulletin de l'IFAN, série B, vol. 26, numéros 3/4 (1941, 1964) (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-Gaden-48">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gaden_48-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gaden_48-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gaden_48-2">c</a> « Gaden, Henry, 1912, p 6 » [in] Barry (1985), p 50 </li> <li id="cite_note-Yerim-49">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Yerim_49-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yerim_49-1">b</a> Barry (1985) p 327 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p7sksX5VsncC&dq=Waalo+Mbarika&pg=PA184">[7]</a> (Retrieved 21 July 2012) (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> Monteil, pp 39-40 </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> « Azan, (1861), list of Braks, provided by Fara Penda. » [in] Barry (1985), p 315 </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> « Azan, (1861), list of Braks, provided by Demba N'Diaye. » [in] Barry (1985), p 315 </li> <li id="cite_note-Barry_likely-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_likely_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_likely_53-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_likely_53-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_likely_53-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_likely_53-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_likely_53-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_likely_53-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barry_likely_53-7">h</a> Barr, (1985), pp 320–28 </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> For more on this see Wade, see also Barry 1985 </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> Barry (1985), p 185 </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> Barry (1985) pp 185–7 </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> Barry, (1972), p 261 </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Joos_Maternal_Dynasty&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alioune_Sarr" title="Alioune Sarr">Sarr, Alioune</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Alioune_Sarr#Histoire_du_Sine-Saloum" title="Alioune Sarr">Histoire du Sine-Saloum</a>" (Sénégal). Introduction, bibliographie et notes par Charles Becker. Version légèrement remaniée par rapport à celle qui est parue en 1986–87. p 19</li> <li>Becker, Charles, "Vestiges historiques, trémoins matériels du passé clans les pays sereer", Dakar (1993), CNRS – ORS TO M. (in French) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/pleins_textes_5/b_fdi_01/010014636.pdf">[8]</a> (Retrieved 9 July 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Gravrand" title="Henry Gravrand">Gravrand, Henry</a>. "La civilisation sereer", vol. I, Cosaan: les origines. Nouvelles éditions africaines, <a href="/wiki/Dakar" title="Dakar">Dakar</a>, 1983</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Monteil" title="Vincent Monteil">Monteil, Vincent</a>, " Esquisses sénégalaises", <a href="/wiki/Institut_fondamental_d%27Afrique_noire" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire">Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire</a>, 1966.</li> <li>Wade, Amadou, "Chronique du Walo Sénégalais (1186–1855)", B. Cissé trans., V. Monteil, editor, Bulletin de l'IFAN, série B, vol. 26, nos 3/4 (1941, 1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boubacar_Barry" title="Boubacar Barry">Barry, Boubacar</a>. "Le royaume du <a href="/wiki/Waalo" title="Waalo">Waalo</a>": le <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9n%C3%A9gal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sénégal">Sénégal</a> avant la conquête, Karthala, 1985, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2865371417" title="Special:BookSources/2865371417">2865371417</a> (in French) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p7sksX5VsncC&q=Dyoss">The "Dyoos"</a> (Retrieved 8 July 2012)</li> <li>Barry, Boubacar, "Le royaume du waalo, le Sénégal avant la conquête", F. Maspéro (1972), pp 261 & 286</li> <li>Abbey, M.T. Rosalie Akouele. "Customary Law and Slavery in Africa", Trafford Publishing, (2011), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4269-7117-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4269-7117-4">978-1-4269-7117-4</a></li> <li>Bulletin. Serie B: Sciences humaines / <a href="/wiki/Institut_fondamental_d%27Afrique_noire" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire">Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire</a>, Volume 41. (1979)</li> <li>Institut français d'Afrique noire. Bulletin de l'Institut français d'Afrique noire: Sciences humaines, Volume 17. IFAN, (1955)</li> <li>Ndiaye Leyti, Oumar, "Le Djoloff et ses Bourba", Les Nouvelles editions africaines (1981). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2723608174" title="Special:BookSources/2723608174">2723608174</a></li> <li>Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire, Bulletin de l'Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire: Sciences humaines, Volume 31, IFAN (1969), pp 409–410</li> <li>Ogot, Bethwell A., "Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century", (Editors: Bethwell A. Ogot, <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">Unesco</a>. International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General <a href="/wiki/History_of_Africa" title="History of Africa">History of Africa</a>; contributors: Bethwell A. Ogot, Unesco. International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of Africa, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a> (1992), p 281, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0435948113" title="Special:BookSources/0435948113">0435948113</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_dj9RRrvYjkC&dq=joos+waalo&pg=PA281">The "Joos"</a> (Retrieved 11 July 2012)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Marc_Gastellu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Marc Gastellu (page does not exist)">Gastellu, Jean-Marc</a>, "Petit traité de matrilinarité", L'accumulation dans deux sociétés rurales d'Afrique de l'Ouest', Cahiers ORSTOM, série Sciences Humaines (1985)</li> <li>Gastellu, Jean-Marc, "Matrilineages, Economic Groups and Differentiation in West Africa": A Note (O.R.S.TO.M)</li> <li>Sonko-Godwin, Patience, "Ethnic groups of the Senegambia: a brief history", Sunrise Publishers (1988), p. 29–31 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9983860007" title="Special:BookSources/9983860007">9983860007</a></li> <li>Kalis, Simone, "Médecine traditionnelle religion et divination chez les Seereer Sine du Senegal", La connaissance de la nuit, L'Harmattan (1997), p 299, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-7384-5196-9" title="Special:BookSources/2-7384-5196-9">2-7384-5196-9</a></li> <li>Boulègue, Jean, "Le Grand Jolof", (XVIIIe – XVIe siècle). (Paris, Edition Façades), Karthala (1987), p 30</li> <li>Dyao, Yoro, "Légendes et coutumes sénégalaises", Cahiers de Yoro Dyao: publiés et commentés par Henri Gaden. (E. Leroux, 1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Dupire" title="Marguerite Dupire">Dupire, Marguerite</a>, "Sagesse sereer: Essais sur la pensée <a href="/wiki/Serer-Ndut" class="mw-redirect" title="Serer-Ndut">sereer ndut</a>, KARTHALA Editions (1994), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2865374874" title="Special:BookSources/2865374874">2865374874</a> (in French) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Fag2wuiV7t8C&q=Sagesse+sereer:essais+sur+la+pense+sereer+ndut">[9]</a> (Retrieved 9 July 2012)</li> <li>Sheldon, Kathleen E., "Historical dictionary of women in <a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">Sub-Saharan Africa</a>", vol. 1, <a href="/wiki/Scarecrow_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Scarecrow Press">Scarecrow Press</a> (2005), p 148 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0810853310" title="Special:BookSources/0810853310">0810853310</a></li> <li>« Amadou Wade, "Chronique", commenté par Vincent Monteil, 1966 » [in] Sall, Ibrahima Abou, "Mauritanie du Sud: conquêtes et administration coloniales françaises, 1890–1945", KARTHALA Editions (2007), p 49, note 20. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2845868650" title="Special:BookSources/2845868650">2845868650</a> (in French)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R_CM0YltPX8C&dq=Joos+origines+senegal&pg=PA49">"Logar", "Joos" and "Teejëk"</a></li> <li>Université de Dakar. Département de langues et civilisations germaniques, "Études germano-africaines: revue annuelle du Département de langues et civilisations germaniques de la Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines de l'Université de Dakar (Sénégal)., Issue 6", Le Département (1988), p 51</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_D._Fage" class="mw-redirect" title="John D. Fage">Fage, John, D.</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Roland_Oliver" title="Roland Oliver">Oliver, Roland</a>, "The Cambridge history of Africa: From c. 1600 to c. 1790", p 486, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0521209811" title="Special:BookSources/0521209811">0521209811</a></li> <li>Zaghi, Carlo, "L'Africa nella coscienza europea e l'imperialismo italiano", Guida (1973), p 288</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Serer_topics" title="Template:Serer topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Serer_topics" title="Template talk:Serer topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Serer_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Serer topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Serer_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Serer_people" title="Serer people">Serer</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_people" title="Category:Serer people">Peoples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer-Laalaa" title="Serer-Laalaa">Laalaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer-Ndut_people" title="Serer-Ndut people">Ndut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niominka_people" title="Niominka people">Niominka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer-Noon" title="Serer-Noon">Noon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palor_people" title="Palor people">Palor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saafi_people" title="Saafi people">Saafi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seex_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seex people (page does not exist)">Seex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_religion" title="Category:Serer religion">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cii%C9%97_(Serer_religion)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciiɗ (Serer religion) (page does not exist)">Ciiɗ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndut_initiation_rite" title="Ndut initiation rite">Classical Ndut teachings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer_creation_myth" title="Serer creation myth">Creation myth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Criticism_of_Serer_religion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Criticism of Serer religion (page does not exist)">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Serer_festivals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Serer festivals (page does not exist)">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaaniiw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jaaniiw (page does not exist)">Jaaniiw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junjung" title="Junjung">Junjung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamane" title="Lamane">Lamane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangool" title="Pangool">Pangool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer_religion" title="Serer religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sadax&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sadax (page does not exist)">Sadax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltigue" title="Saltigue">Saltigue</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serer_symbolism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serer symbolism (page does not exist)">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Role_of_women_in_Serer_religion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Role of women in Serer religion (page does not exist)">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xooy" title="Xooy">Xooy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_deities" title="Category:Serer deities">Supreme deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokh_Kox" title="Kokh Kox">Kokh Kox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koox" class="mw-redirect" title="Koox">Koox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kop%C3%A9_Tiatie_Cac" title="Kopé Tiatie Cac">Kopé Tiatie Cac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roog" title="Roog">Roog (main)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumba_Njaay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumba Njaay (page does not exist)">Kumba Njaay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takhar" title="Takhar">Takhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiurakh" title="Tiurakh">Tiurakh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_holy_places" title="Category:Serer holy places">Sacred sites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatick" title="Fatick">Fatick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sine_River" title="Sine River">Sine River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sine-Saloum" title="Sine-Saloum">Sine-Saloum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somb" title="Somb">Somb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_of_Sangomar" title="Point of Sangomar">Point of Sangomar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattaguine" title="Tattaguine">Tattaguine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukar" title="Tukar">Tukar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaboyabo" title="Yaboyabo">Yaboyabo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_history" title="Category:Serer history">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Godomat" title="Amar Godomat">Amar Godomat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cekeen_Tumuli" title="Cekeen Tumuli">Cekeen Tumuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khasso" title="Khasso">Khasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baol" title="Baol">Kingdom of Baol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biffeche" title="Biffeche">Kingdom of Biffeche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saloum" title="Saloum">kingdom of Saloum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sine" title="Kingdom of Sine">Kingdom of Sine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer_prehistory" title="Serer prehistory">Serer prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer_history" title="Serer history">Serer history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_headed_by_Serer_Lamanes" title="States headed by Serer Lamanes">States headed by Serer Lamanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fandane-Thiouthioune" title="Battle of Fandane-Thiouthioune">Battle of Fandane-Thiouthioune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Logand%C3%A8me" title="Battle of Logandème">Battle of Logandème</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Serer_history" title="Timeline of Serer history">Timeline of Serer history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_country" title="Category:Serer country">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Gambia" title="Demographics of the Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Mauritania" title="Demographics of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Senegal" title="Demographics of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serer_country&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serer country (page does not exist)">Serer country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_language" title="Category:Serer language">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cangin_languages" title="Cangin languages">Cangin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laalaa_language" title="Laalaa language">Lehar/Laalaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndut_language" title="Ndut language">Ndut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noon_language" title="Noon language">Noon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palor_language" title="Palor language">Palor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safen_language" title="Safen language">Safen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer_language" title="Serer language">Serer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birth_in_Serer_society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birth in Serer society (page does not exist)">Birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiere" title="Thiere">Saadj (or Chere or saay)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Death_in_Serer_society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Death in Serer society (page does not exist)">Death</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inheritance_in_Serer_society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inheritance in Serer society (page does not exist)">Inheritance</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marriage_in_Serer_society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marriage in Serer society (page does not exist)">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbalax" title="Mbalax">Mbalax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Njuup" title="Njuup">Njuup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabar" title="Sabar">Sabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talking_drum" title="Talking drum">Tama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tassu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tassu (page does not exist)">Tassu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_wrestling" title="Senegalese wrestling">Njom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_royalty" title="Category:Serer royalty">Royalty</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Maad" title="Category:Maad">Kings</a> (Maad) and <a href="/wiki/Category:Lamane" title="Category:Lamane">Lamanes</a> (ancient kings / landowners)</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamane_Jegan_Joof" title="Lamane Jegan Joof">Lamane Jegan Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maad_a_Sinig_Kumba_Ndoffene_Famak_Joof" title="Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof">Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maad_a_Sinig_Kumba_Ndoffene_Famak_Joof" title="Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof">Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maad_a_Sinig_Kumba_Ndoffene_Fa_Ndeb_Joof" title="Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Fa Ndeb Joof">Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Fa Ndeb Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maad_a_Sinig_Mahecor_Joof" title="Maad a Sinig Mahecor Joof">Maad a Sinig Mahecor Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maad_a_Sinig_Maysa_Wali_Jaxateh_Manneh" title="Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali Jaxateh Manneh">Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali Jaxateh Manneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maad_a_Sinig_Ama_Joof_Gnilane_Faye_Joof" title="Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof">Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maad_Ndaah_Njemeh_Joof" title="Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof">Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maad_Semou_Njekeh_Joof" title="Maad Semou Njekeh Joof">Maad Semou Njekeh Joof</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Lingeer" title="Category:Lingeer">Queens & Queen Mothers</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Fatim_Beye" title="Lingeer Fatim Beye">Lingeer Fatim Beye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Ndoye_Demba" title="Lingeer Ndoye Demba">Lingeer Ndoye Demba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingeer_Ngon%C3%A9_Di%C3%A8ye" title="Lingeer Ngoné Dièye">Lingeer Ngoné Dièye</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingeer_Selbeh_Ndoffene_Joof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingeer Selbeh Ndoffene Joof (page does not exist)">Lingeer Selbeh Ndoffene Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer_maternal_clans" title="Serer maternal clans">Serer maternal clans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dynasties and royal houses</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faye_family" title="Faye family">Faye family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guelowar" title="Guelowar">Guelowar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joof_family" title="Joof family">Joof family</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Joos Maternal Dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Royal_House_of_Boureh_Gnilane_Joof" title="The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof">The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Royal_House_of_Jogo_Siga_Joof" title="The Royal House of Jogo Siga Joof">The Royal House of Jogo Siga Joof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Royal_House_of_Semou_Njekeh_Joof" title="The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof">The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_families" title="Category:Serer families">Families</a> and royal titles</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buumi" title="Buumi">Buumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faye_family" title="Faye family">Faye family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joof_family" title="Joof family">Joof family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamane" title="Lamane">Lamane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingeer" title="Lingeer">Lingeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loul" title="Loul">Loul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maad" title="Maad">Maad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maad_Saloum" title="Maad Saloum">Maad Saloum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maad_a_Sinig" title="Maad a Sinig">Maad a Sinig</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ngum_family&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ngum family (page does not exist)">Ngum family</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njie_family&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Njie family (page does not exist)">Njie family</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarr_family&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarr family (page does not exist)">Sarr family</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sene_family&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sene family (page does not exist)">Sene family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teigne" title="Teigne">Teigne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thilas" title="Thilas">Thilas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jola_people" title="Jola people">Jola people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebu_people" title="Lebu people">Lebu people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toucouleur_people" title="Toucouleur people">Toucouleur people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolof_people" title="Wolof people">Wolof people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joos_Maternal_Dynasty&oldid=1243088005">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joos_Maternal_Dynasty&oldid=1243088005</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_royalty" title="Category:Serer royalty">Serer royalty</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Serer_families" title="Category:Serer families">Serer families</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lingeer" 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