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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Kirjaudu sisään</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Lisää valintoja" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Henkilökohtaiset työkalut" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Henkilökohtaiset työkalut</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Käyttäjävalikko" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=fi.wikipedia.org&uselang=fi"><span>Lahjoitukset</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:Luo_tunnus&returnto=Shen+Kuo" title="On suositeltavaa luoda käyttäjätunnus ja kirjautua sisään. Se ei kuitenkaan ole pakollista."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Luo tunnus</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:Kirjaudu_sis%C3%A4%C3%A4n&returnto=Shen+Kuo" title="On suositeltavaa kirjautua sisään. Se ei kuitenkaan ole pakollista. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Kirjaudu sisään</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sivut kirjautumattomille muokkaajille <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tervetuloa_Wikipediaan" aria-label="Lue lisää muokkaamisesta"><span>lue lisää</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:Omat_muokkaukset" title="Luettelo tästä IP-osoitteesta tehdyistä muokkauksista [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Muokkaukset</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:Oma_keskustelu" title="Keskustelu tämän IP-osoitteen muokkauksista [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Keskustelu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sivusto"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sisällysluettelo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sisällysluettelo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">siirrä sivupalkkiin</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">piilota</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Johdanto</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Lähteet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lähteet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Lähteet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lähteet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisällysluettelo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Sisällysluettelo" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vaihda sisällysluettelo" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vaihda sisällysluettelo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shen Kuo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mene artikkeliin toisella kielellä. Saatavilla 53 kielellä" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 kieltä</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7" title="شين كوا — arabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شين كوا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Een_Ko" title="Şen Ko — azeri" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şen Ko" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%86%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7" title="شن‌کوا — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شن‌کوا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%93" title="শেন কুও — bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শেন কুও" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADm_Koat" title="Sím Koat — min nan -kiina" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sím Koat" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan -kiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BE" title="Шън Куо — bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шън Куо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0en_Kua" title="Šen Kua — tšekki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Šen Kua" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšekki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="suositeltu artikkeli"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — englanti" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="englanti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — espanja" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Cen_Kuo" title="Ŝen Kuo — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7" title="شن کوا — persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شن کوا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — ranska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ranska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%AC%EA%B4%84" title="심괄 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="심괄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%A5%D5%B6_%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B8" title="Շեն Կուո — armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շեն Կուո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%90%D7%95" title="שן קואו — heprea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שן קואו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heprea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%BE" title="Шэн Ко — kazakki" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шэн Ко" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0e%C5%86s_Kuo" title="Šeņs Kuo — latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Šeņs Kuo" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — limburg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — malagassi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8B%E2%80%8C%E2%80%8C%E2%80%8C%E2%80%8C%E2%80%8C%E2%80%8C" title="ഷെൻ കുവോ‌‌‌‌‌‌ — malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഷെൻ കുവോ‌‌‌‌‌‌" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%88" title="شين كيو — egyptinarabia" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شين كيو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptinarabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — hollanti" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollanti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E6%8B%AC" title="沈括 — japani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="沈括" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — norjan bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norjan bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%86" title="ਸ਼ੇਨ ਕੂਆ — pandžabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸ਼ੇਨ ਕੂਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7" title="شن کوا — paštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شن کوا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — puola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="puola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%9A%D0%BE" title="Шэнь Ко — venäjä" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шэнь Ко" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="venäjä" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0en_Kuo" title="Šen Kuo — sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Šen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8E%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%86" title="شێن کوۆ — soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شێن کوۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%BE" title="Шен Ко — serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шен Ко" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — serbokroaatti" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaatti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — ruotsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ruotsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8B" title="சென் குவோ — tamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சென் குவோ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%A9m_Qu%C3%A1t" title="Thẩm Quát — vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thẩm Quát" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Shen Kuo — turkki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Shen Kuo" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BE" title="Шень Куо — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шень Куо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E6%8B%AC" title="沈括 — klassinen kiina" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="沈括" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="klassinen kiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E6%8B%AC" title="沈括 — wu-kiina" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="沈括" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E6%8B%AC" title="沈括 — kantoninkiina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="沈括" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoninkiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="suositeltu artikkeli"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E6%8B%AC" title="沈括 — kiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="沈括" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q270085#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muokkaa kieltenvälisiä linkkejä" class="wbc-editpage">Muokkaa linkkejä</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimiavaruudet"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shen_Kuo" title="Näytä sisältösivu [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkeli</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keskustelu:Shen_Kuo&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Keskustele sisällöstä (sivua ei ole) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Keskustelu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Valitse kieliversio" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">suomi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Näkymät"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shen_Kuo"><span>Lue</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Kuo&veaction=edit" title="Muokkaa tätä sivua [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Muokkaa</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Kuo&action=edit" title="Muokkaa tämän sivun lähdekoodia [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muokkaa wikitekstiä</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Kuo&action=history" title="Sivun aikaisemmat versiot [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Näytä historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sivutyökalut"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Työkalut" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Työkalut</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Työkalut</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">siirrä sivupalkkiin</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">piilota</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lisää valintoja" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Toiminnot </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shen_Kuo"><span>Lue</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Kuo&veaction=edit" title="Muokkaa tätä sivua [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Muokkaa</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Kuo&action=edit" title="Muokkaa tämän sivun lähdekoodia [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muokkaa wikitekstiä</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Kuo&action=history"><span>Näytä historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Yleinen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:T%C3%A4nne_viittaavat_sivut/Shen_Kuo" title="Lista sivuista, jotka viittaavat tänne [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Tänne viittaavat sivut</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:Linkitetyt_muutokset/Shen_Kuo" rel="nofollow" title="Viimeisimmät muokkaukset sivuissa, joille viitataan tältä sivulta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Linkitettyjen sivujen muutokset</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Kuo&oldid=20238955" title="Ikilinkki tämän sivun tähän versioon"><span>Ikilinkki</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Kuo&action=info" title="Enemmän tietoa tästä sivusta"><span>Sivun tiedot</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:Viittaus&page=Shen_Kuo&id=20238955&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Tietoa tämän sivun lainaamisesta"><span>Viitetiedot</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FShen_Kuo"><span>Lyhennä URL-osoite</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FShen_Kuo"><span>Lataa QR-koodi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tulosta/vie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:DownloadAsPdf&page=Shen_Kuo&action=show-download-screen"><span>Lataa PDF-tiedostona</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Kuo&printable=yes" title="Tulostettava versio [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Tulostettava versio</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Muissa hankkeissa </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Shen_Kuo" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q270085" title="Linkki yhdistettyyn keskustietovaraston kohteeseen [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-kohde</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sivutyökalut"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Ulkoasu"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ulkoasu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">siirrä sivupalkkiin</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">piilota</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipediasta</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fi" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Tiedosto:Shen_Kua.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Shen_Kua.JPG/250px-Shen_Kua.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Shen_Kua.JPG/500px-Shen_Kua.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="848" data-file-height="764" /></a><figcaption>Shen Kuo</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Shen Kuo</b> (<a href="/wiki/Perinteiset_merkit" title="Perinteiset merkit">kiin.</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">沈括</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn-pinyin">Shěn Kuò</span></i>; <a href="/wiki/1031" title="1031">1031</a>–<a href="/wiki/1095" title="1095">1095</a>) oli lukuisia tieteen- ja taiteenaloja hallinnut <a href="/wiki/Kiina" title="Kiina">kiinalainen</a> yleisnero. Hän työskenteli myös valtion, hallituksen ja armeijan palveluksessa. Hänen elämäntyönsä ajoittui <a href="/wiki/Pohjoinen_Song-dynastia" title="Pohjoinen Song-dynastia">Pohjoiseen Song-dynastiaan</a>. </p><p>Pitkälti Shen Kuon ansiota on merenkulussa käytetyn <a href="/wiki/Kompassi" title="Kompassi">kompassin</a> kehittyminen. Hän suunnitteli myös <a href="/wiki/Kuivatelakka" title="Kuivatelakka">kuivatelakan</a>, joka oli käytössä Kiinassa viimeistään 1000-luvulla.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shen Kuo vaikutti uransa aikana muun muassa <a href="/wiki/Matematiikka" title="Matematiikka">matematiikan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maantieto" title="Maantieto">maantiedon</a>, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A4htitiede" title="Tähtitiede">tähtitieteen</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Runo" class="mw-redirect" title="Runo">runouden</a> aloilla. Hän työskenteli samaan aikaan kuin toinen Kiinan historian yleisnero, <a href="/wiki/Su_Song" title="Su Song">Su Song</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lähteet"><span id="L.C3.A4hteet"></span>Lähteet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Kuo&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muokkaa osiota Lähteet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muokkaa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Kuo&action=edit&section=1" title="Muokkaa osion lähdekoodia: Lähteet"><span>muokkaa wikitekstiä</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23091323">.mw-parser-output div.viitteet-malline ol.references{list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .viitteet-sarakkeet li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output ol.references>li:target{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#DEF)}.mw-parser-output sup.reference:target{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#DEF)}.mw-parser-output span[rel="mw:referencedBy"]{counter-reset:mw-ref-linkback 0}.mw-parser-output span[rel="mw:referencedBy"]>a::before{font-style:italic;content:counter(mw-ref-linkback,lower-alpha)}body.action-info .mw-parser-output :target{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#DEF)}</style><div class="viitteet-malline" style="list-style-type:decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.radio86.fi/kaikkea-kiinasta/kulttuuri-viihde/7524/zhi-nan-zhen-eli-kiinalainen-etelan-osoittaja">http://www.radio86.fi/kaikkea-kiinasta/kulttuuri-viihde/7524/zhi-nan-zhen-eli-kiinalainen-etelan-osoittaja</a></span> </li> </ol> </div> <div 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href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16563338b">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb170960086">BnF data</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16563338b">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119022036">Saksa</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007459245905171">Israel</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82003158">Yhdysvallat</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2011019239">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shen Kuo</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>53 kieltä</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Lisää aihe</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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