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class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Activism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Boxing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boxing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.1</span> <span>Boxing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boxing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.2</span> <span>Judo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.3</span> <span>Discus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weightlifting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weightlifting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.4</span> <span>Weightlifting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weightlifting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sprinting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sprinting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.5</span> <span>Sprinting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sprinting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.6</span> <span>Football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ecuadorian ethnic group</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Afro-Ecuadorians</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above nickname" style="font-size:115%; font-weight:normal;"><div><i>Afroecuatorianos (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>)</i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Danzantes_afroecuatorianas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Danzantes_afroecuatorianas.jpg/220px-Danzantes_afroecuatorianas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Danzantes_afroecuatorianas.jpg/330px-Danzantes_afroecuatorianas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Danzantes_afroecuatorianas.jpg/440px-Danzantes_afroecuatorianas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1275" data-file-height="1879" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Afro-Ecuadorian girls in traditional clothing</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>569,212</b> (2022 census)<sup id="cite_ref-censoecuador_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-censoecuador-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />3.36% of the Ecuadorian population<br /><small>Mulattoes are considered mixed, not black.</small></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Esmeraldas_Province" title="Esmeraldas Province">Esmeraldas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guayaquil" title="Guayaquil">Guayaquil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valle_del_Chota" class="mw-redirect" title="Valle del Chota">Valle del Chota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imbabura_Province" title="Imbabura Province">Imbabura Province</a> <a href="/wiki/Sucumb%C3%ADos_Province" title="Sucumbíos Province">Sucumbíos Province</a> Small minorities live in the U.S., and Spain</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Predominantly <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholicism</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Other <a href="/wiki/Afro-Latin_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Latin Americans">Afro-Latin Americans</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Afro-Ecuadorians</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Afroecuatorianos</i>), also known as <b>Black Ecuadorians</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Ecuatorianos Negros</i>), are <a href="/wiki/Ecuadorians" title="Ecuadorians">Ecuadorians</a> of predominantly <a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_African" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-Saharan African">Sub-Saharan African</a> descent.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_background">History and background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History and background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Los_tres_mulatos_de_Esmeraldas_(S%C3%A1nchez_Galque).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Los_tres_mulatos_de_Esmeraldas_%28S%C3%A1nchez_Galque%29.jpg/220px-Los_tres_mulatos_de_Esmeraldas_%28S%C3%A1nchez_Galque%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Los_tres_mulatos_de_Esmeraldas_%28S%C3%A1nchez_Galque%29.jpg/330px-Los_tres_mulatos_de_Esmeraldas_%28S%C3%A1nchez_Galque%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Los_tres_mulatos_de_Esmeraldas_%28S%C3%A1nchez_Galque%29.jpg/440px-Los_tres_mulatos_de_Esmeraldas_%28S%C3%A1nchez_Galque%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2953" data-file-height="1542" /></a><figcaption><i>Los tres mulatos de Esmeraldas</i> (1599) by Sánchez Galque.</figcaption></figure> <p>Most Afro-Ecuadorians are the descendants of enslaved Africans who were transported by predominantly British slavers to Ecuador from the early 16th century.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1553, the first enslaved Africans reached Ecuador in Quito when a <a href="/wiki/Slave_ship" title="Slave ship">slave ship</a> heading to Peru was stranded off the Ecuadorian coast. The enslaved Africans escaped and established <a href="/wiki/Maroon_(people)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maroon (people)">maroon</a> settlements in Esmeraldas, which became a safe haven as many Africans fleeing slave conditions either escaped to there or were forced to live there. Eventually, they started moving from their traditional homeland and were settling everywhere in Ecuador.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Retrato_de_una_se%C3%B1ora_principal_con_su_negra_esclava_por_Vicente_Alb%C3%A1n.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Retrato_de_una_se%C3%B1ora_principal_con_su_negra_esclava_por_Vicente_Alb%C3%A1n.jpg/220px-Retrato_de_una_se%C3%B1ora_principal_con_su_negra_esclava_por_Vicente_Alb%C3%A1n.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Retrato_de_una_se%C3%B1ora_principal_con_su_negra_esclava_por_Vicente_Alb%C3%A1n.jpg/330px-Retrato_de_una_se%C3%B1ora_principal_con_su_negra_esclava_por_Vicente_Alb%C3%A1n.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Retrato_de_una_se%C3%B1ora_principal_con_su_negra_esclava_por_Vicente_Alb%C3%A1n.jpg/440px-Retrato_de_una_se%C3%B1ora_principal_con_su_negra_esclava_por_Vicente_Alb%C3%A1n.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2750" data-file-height="1983" /></a><figcaption><i>Portrait of a Quito Matron Lady with Her Black Slave</i> (1783) <i>by</i> Vicente Albán.</figcaption></figure> <p>Racism, on an individual basis and societally are strongly discriminated against by the <i><a href="/wiki/Mestizo" title="Mestizo">mestizo</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Criollo_people" title="Criollo people">criollo</a></i> populations.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, along with lack of government funding and low social mobility poverty affects their community more so than the white and mestizo population of Ecuador.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After slavery was abolished in 1851, Africans became marginalized in Ecuador, dominated by the plantation owners.<sup id="cite_ref-CID_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CID-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EsmeraldasStreetScene.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/EsmeraldasStreetScene.jpg/220px-EsmeraldasStreetScene.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/EsmeraldasStreetScene.jpg/330px-EsmeraldasStreetScene.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/EsmeraldasStreetScene.jpg/440px-EsmeraldasStreetScene.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>A typical street scene in <a href="/wiki/Esmeraldas,_Ecuador" title="Esmeraldas, Ecuador">Esmeraldas</a> (2005).</figcaption></figure> <p>Afro-Ecuadorian people and culture are found primarily in the country's northwest coastal region. The majority of the Afro-Ecuadorian population (70%)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are found in the province of <a href="/wiki/Esmeraldas_Province" title="Esmeraldas Province">Esmeraldas</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Valle_del_Chota" class="mw-redirect" title="Valle del Chota">Valle del Chota</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Imbabura_Province" title="Imbabura Province">Imbabura Province</a>, where they are the majority.<sup id="cite_ref-lonelyplanet.com_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lonelyplanet.com-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They can be also found in significant numbers in <a href="/wiki/Guayaquil" title="Guayaquil">Guayaquil</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/Ibarra,_Ecuador" title="Ibarra, Ecuador">Ibarra</a>, where in some neighborhoods, they make up a majority.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Afro-Ecuadorians have participated in sports, for instance playing with the <a href="/wiki/Ecuador_national_football_team" title="Ecuador national football team">Ecuador national football team</a>, many of whom hail from Valle del Chota.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_(7118962049).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118962049%29.jpg/220px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118962049%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118962049%29.jpg/330px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118962049%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118962049%29.jpg/440px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118962049%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5303" data-file-height="3535" /></a><figcaption><b>Afro-Ecuadorians</b> at a convention to receive cultural recognition, traditional instruments can be seen in the background</figcaption></figure> <p>Afro-Ecuadorian culture may be analysed by considering the two main epicenters of historical presence: the province of <a href="/wiki/Esmeraldas_Province" title="Esmeraldas Province">Esmeraldas</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Chota_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Chota Valley">Chota Valley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Ecuador it is often said that Afro Ecuadorians live predominantly in warm places like Esmeraldas.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Afro-Ecuadorian culture is a result of the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">Trans-atlantic slave trade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lonelyplanet.com_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lonelyplanet.com-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their culture and its impact on Ecuador has led to many aspects from <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central Africa</a> cultures being preserved via ordinary acts of resistance and commerce.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of these include the use of <a href="/wiki/Polyrhythm" title="Polyrhythm">polyrhythmic techniques</a>, traditional instruments and dances; along with food ways such as the use of <a href="/wiki/Category:Crops_originating_from_Africa" title="Category:Crops originating from Africa">crops brought from Africa</a>, like the <a href="/wiki/Cooking_banana" title="Cooking banana">Plantain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pigeon_pea" title="Pigeon pea">Pigeon pea</a>, and oral traditions and mythology like <a href="/wiki/La_Tunda" class="mw-redirect" title="La Tunda">La Tunda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When women wear their hair as it grows naturally, it is often associated with poverty, which is why successful or upwardly mobile women tended to straighten their hair.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Esmeraldian_(Afro-Ecuadorian)_marimba.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_marimba.jpg/220px-Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_marimba.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_marimba.jpg/330px-Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_marimba.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_marimba.jpg/440px-Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_marimba.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3933" data-file-height="2079" /></a><figcaption>A typical marimba from <a href="/wiki/Esmeraldas,_Ecuador" title="Esmeraldas, Ecuador">Esmeraldas</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Marimba" title="Marimba"><i>Marimba</i> music</a> is popular from Esmeraldas to the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Region_of_Colombia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Region of Colombia">Pacific Region of Colombia</a>. It was considered an <b><a href="/wiki/Intangible_cultural_heritage" title="Intangible cultural heritage">Intangible cultural heritage</a></b> by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It gets its name from the prominent use of <i><a href="/wiki/Marimba" title="Marimba">marimbas</a></i>, but is accompanied along with dances, chants, drums and other instruments specific to this region such as the <i>bombo</i>, the <i>cununo</i> and the <i>guasá</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_(17468241733).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817468241733%29.jpg/220px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817468241733%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817468241733%29.jpg/330px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817468241733%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817468241733%29.jpg/440px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817468241733%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>An example of the Cununo in the semi-final round of a championship in Esmeraldas.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sometimes this music is played in religious ceremonies, as well as in celebrations and parties. It features call-and-response chanting along with the music. Some of the rhythms associated with it are <i>currulao</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bambuco" title="Bambuco">bambuco</a></i> and <i>andarele</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Esmeraldian_(Afro-Ecuadorian)_drum_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_drum_2.jpg/220px-Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_drum_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_drum_2.jpg/330px-Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_drum_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_drum_2.jpg/440px-Esmeraldian_%28Afro-Ecuadorian%29_drum_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2772" data-file-height="2715" /></a><figcaption><b>Afro-Ecuadorian</b> style drum from Esmeralda.</figcaption></figure> <p>On the other hand, in the Chota Valley there is <i><a href="/wiki/Bomba_(Ecuador)" title="Bomba (Ecuador)">bomba</a></i> music. It can vary from mid-tempo to a very fast rhythm. It is usually played with guitars, as well as the main local instrument called <i>bomba</i>, which is a drum, along with a <i>guiro</i>, and sometimes <i>bombos</i> and <i>bongos</i>. A variation of it played by <i>la banda mocha</i>, groups who play <i>bomba</i> with a <i>bombo</i>, <i>guiro</i> and plant leaves to give melody.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The religious practice among Afro-Ecuadorians is usually <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a>. Catholic worship is distinctive in Esmeraldas, and sometimes is done with <i>marimba</i><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_framework">Political framework</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Political framework"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DIANA_SALAZAR_M%C3%89NDEZ_ANTE_FUNCIONARIOS_-_QUITO_09-04-2019_-_40605702243_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/DIANA_SALAZAR_M%C3%89NDEZ_ANTE_FUNCIONARIOS_-_QUITO_09-04-2019_-_40605702243_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-DIANA_SALAZAR_M%C3%89NDEZ_ANTE_FUNCIONARIOS_-_QUITO_09-04-2019_-_40605702243_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/DIANA_SALAZAR_M%C3%89NDEZ_ANTE_FUNCIONARIOS_-_QUITO_09-04-2019_-_40605702243_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-DIANA_SALAZAR_M%C3%89NDEZ_ANTE_FUNCIONARIOS_-_QUITO_09-04-2019_-_40605702243_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/DIANA_SALAZAR_M%C3%89NDEZ_ANTE_FUNCIONARIOS_-_QUITO_09-04-2019_-_40605702243_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-DIANA_SALAZAR_M%C3%89NDEZ_ANTE_FUNCIONARIOS_-_QUITO_09-04-2019_-_40605702243_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1298" data-file-height="1299" /></a><figcaption>Dr. <a href="/wiki/Diana_Salazar_M%C3%A9ndez" title="Diana Salazar Méndez">Diana Salazar Méndez</a>, Attorney General - <a href="/wiki/Quito" title="Quito">Quito</a> (2019)</figcaption></figure> <p>Numerous organizations have been established in Ecuador to for Afro-Ecuadorian issues. The <i>Afro-Ecuadorian Development Council</i> (CONDAE). <i>Afro-Ecuadorian Development Corporation</i> (Corporación de Desarrollo Afroecuatoriano, CODAE), institutionalized in 2002, <a href="/wiki/Asociacion_de_Negros_Ecuatorianos" title="Asociacion de Negros Ecuatorianos">Asociación de Negros Ecuatorianos</a> (ASONE), founded in 1988, <i>Afro-Ecuadorian Institute</i>, founded 1989, the <i>Agustín Delgado Foundation</i>, the Black Community Movement (El Proceso de Comunidades Negras) and The <i>National Confederation of Afro-Ecuadorians</i> (Confederación Nacional Afroecuatoriana, CNA) are amongst some of the institutional frameworks in place in Ecuador.<sup id="cite_ref-CID_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CID-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> has given loans for Afro-Ecuadorian development proposals in Ecuador since 1998, loaning $34 million for related projects between 2003 and 2007, and <a href="/wiki/USAID" class="mw-redirect" title="USAID">USAID</a> also monitored the 2006 elections in Ecuador to ensure that Afro-Ecuadorians were not being unfairly underrepresented.<sup id="cite_ref-CID_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CID-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Afro-Ecuadorians">Notable Afro-Ecuadorians</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notable Afro-Ecuadorians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical">Historical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Historical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Illescas" title="Alonso de Illescas">Alonso de Illescas</a> (1528-1600s), African <a href="/wiki/Maroons" title="Maroons">Maroon</a> leader in Esmeraldas in colonial Ecuador.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Arobe" title="Francisco de Arobe">Francisco de Arobe</a> (1543 - after 1606) leader of Afro-indigenous <a href="/wiki/Maroons" title="Maroons">maroon</a> communities</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_del_Tr%C3%A1nsito_Sorroza" title="María del Tránsito Sorroza">María del Tránsito Sorroza</a>, midwife and formerly enslaved woman.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martina_Carrillo" title="Martina Carrillo">Martina Carrillo</a> (1750–1778), Ecuadorian activist, born enslaved, who fought for the rights of Afro-Ecuadorians.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Government">Government</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Salazar_M%C3%A9ndez" title="Diana Salazar Méndez">Diana Salazar Méndez</a>, Attorney General of Ecuador</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc%C3%ADa_Sosa_(politician)" title="Lucía Sosa (politician)">Lucía Sosa</a>, Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Esmeraldas_Province" title="Esmeraldas Province">Esmeraldas</a> from 2005 to 2013 and 2014 to 2018</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paola_Cabezas" title="Paola Cabezas">Paola Cabezas</a>, first Afro-Ecuadorian presenter of <a href="/wiki/Ecuador_TV" title="Ecuador TV">Ecuador TV</a> and politician<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Activism">Activism</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Activism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jaime_Hurtado" title="Jaime Hurtado">Jaime Hurtado</a>, from Guayaquil; known for fighting for the rights of the working people of Ecuador; founder and leader of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_People%27s_Movement" title="Democratic People's Movement">Democratic People's Movement</a> (MPD); assassinated in the winter of 1999<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music_2">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_Ayov%C3%AD_Erazo" title="Guillermo Ayoví Erazo">Guillermo Ayoví Erazo</a>, Ecuadorian <a href="/wiki/Marimba" title="Marimba">Marimba</a> player and singer.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karla_Kanora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karla Kanora (page does not exist)">Karla Kanora</a>, Ecuadorian singer.</li> <li>Eddy More, Ecuadorian songwriter.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adalberto_Ortiz" title="Adalberto Ortiz">Adalberto Ortiz</a> (1914–2003), poet, diplomat and author.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Estupi%C3%B1%C3%A1n_Bass" title="Nelson Estupiñán Bass">Nelson Estupiñán Bass</a> (1912–2012), poet and author.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Boxing">Boxing</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Boxing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Andr%C3%A9s_Mina" title="Carlos Andrés Mina">Carlos Andrés Mina</a>, Ecuadorian Light heavyweight boxer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Jos%C3%A9_Palacios" title="María José Palacios">María José Palacios</a>, Ecuadorian women's Olympic lightweight boxer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89rika_Pachito" title="Érika Pachito">Érika Pachito</a>, Ecuadorian women's Olympic middleweight boxer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Judo">Judo</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Judo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Chal%C3%A1" title="Carmen Chalá">Carmen Chalá</a>, Ecuadorian Olympic Judoka.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Chal%C3%A1" title="Diana Chalá">Diana Chalá</a>, Ecuadorian Olympic Judoka.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Chal%C3%A1" title="Vanessa Chalá">Vanessa Chalá</a>, Ecuadorian Olympic Judoka.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Discus">Discus</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Discus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Caicedo" title="Juan José Caicedo">Juan José Caicedo</a>, Ecuadorian discus thrower that competed in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Summer_Olympics" title="2020 Summer Olympics">2020 Summer Olympics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Weightlifting">Weightlifting</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Weightlifting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neisi_Dajomes" title="Neisi Dajomes">Neisi Dajomes</a>, Gold medalist for women's weightlifting in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Salazar" title="Tamara Salazar">Tamara Salazar</a>, Silver medalist for women's weightlifting in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angie_Palacios" title="Angie Palacios">Angie Palacios</a>, Ecuadorian Olympic weightlifter and sister of Neisi Dajomes</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Escobar" title="Alexandra Escobar">Alexandra Escobar</a>, Ecuadorian Olympic weightlifter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliba_Nieve" title="Oliba Nieve">Oliba Nieve</a>, Gold medalist for women's weightlifting in <a href="/wiki/2007_Pan_American_Games" title="2007 Pan American Games">2007 Pan American Games</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sprinting">Sprinting</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sprinting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lex_Qui%C3%B1%C3%B3nez" title="Álex Quiñónez">Álex Quiñónez</a>, Ecuadorian Olympic sprinter; finalist in 200-meter dash at the <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">2012 Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Tenorio" title="Ángela Tenorio">Ángela Tenorio</a>, Ecuador Olympic sprinter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuliana_Angulo" title="Yuliana Angulo">Yuliana Angulo</a>, Ecuadorian Olympic sprinter</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virginia_Villalba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia Villalba (page does not exist)">Virginia Villalba</a>, Ecuadorian Olympic sprinter<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Football">Football</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Achilier" title="Gabriel Achilier">Gabriel Achilier</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dar%C3%ADo_Aimar" title="Darío Aimar">Darío Aimar</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Anangon%C3%B3" title="Franklin Anangonó">Franklin Anangonó</a>, player and manager</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brayan_Angulo_(footballer,_born_1995)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brayan Angulo (footballer, born 1995)">Brayan Angulo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilson_Angulo" title="Nilson Angulo">Nilson Angulo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Angulo" title="Tamara Angulo">Tamara Angulo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rorys_Arag%C3%B3n" title="Rorys Aragón">Rorys Aragón</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Arboleda" title="Robert Arboleda">Robert Arboleda</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Arroyo" title="Michael Arroyo">Michael Arroyo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaime_Ayov%C3%AD" title="Jaime Ayoví">Jaime Ayoví</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Ayov%C3%AD" title="Walter Ayoví">Walter Ayoví</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Bag%C3%BC%C3%AD" title="Óscar Bagüí">Óscar Bagüí</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximo_Banguera" class="mw-redirect" title="Maximo Banguera">Maximo Banguera</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Ben%C3%ADtez" title="Christian Benítez">Christian Benítez</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lex_Bola%C3%B1os" title="Álex Bolaños">Álex Bolaños</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bola%C3%B1os" title="Alexander Bolaños">Alexander Bolaños</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miller_Bola%C3%B1os" title="Miller Bolaños">Miller Bolaños</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adri%C3%A1n_Bone" title="Adrián Bone">Adrián Bone</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carina_Caicedo" title="Carina Caicedo">Carina Caicedo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Caicedo" title="Felipe Caicedo">Felipe Caicedo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessy_Caicedo" title="Jessy Caicedo">Jessy Caicedo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mois%C3%A9s_Caicedo" title="Moisés Caicedo">Moisés Caicedo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Carabal%C3%AD" title="Wilson Carabalí">Wilson Carabalí</a>, player and manager</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byron_Castillo" title="Byron Castillo">Byron Castillo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segundo_Castillo_(footballer,_born_1982)" title="Segundo Castillo (footballer, born 1982)">Segundo Castillo</a>, player and manager</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Cazares" title="Juan Cazares">Juan Cazares</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Chal%C3%A1" title="Walter Chalá">Walter Chalá</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Charcopa" title="Nicole Charcopa">Nicole Charcopa</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Cifuentes" title="José Cifuentes">José Cifuentes</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janner_Corozo" title="Janner Corozo">Janner Corozo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulises_de_la_Cruz" title="Ulises de la Cruz">Ulises de la Cruz</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agustin_Delgado" class="mw-redirect" title="Agustin Delgado">Agustin Delgado</a>, player hailing from Juncal village; signed a $3.5 million deal with the team from Southampton, England in 2001</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dom%C3%ADnguez" title="Alexander Domínguez">Alexander Domínguez</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frickson_Erazo" title="Frickson Erazo">Frickson Erazo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanny_Espinoza" title="Giovanny Espinoza">Giovanny Espinoza</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pervis_Estupi%C3%B1%C3%A1n" title="Pervis Estupiñán">Pervis Estupiñán</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Garc%C3%ADa_(Ecuadorian_footballer)" title="Christian García (Ecuadorian footballer)">Christian García</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Gruezo_(footballer,_born_1995)" title="Carlos Gruezo (footballer, born 1995)">Carlos Gruezo</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Guagua" title="Jorge Guagua">Jorge Guagua</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joffre_Guerr%C3%B3n" title="Joffre Guerrón">Joffre Guerrón</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renato_Ibarra" title="Renato Ibarra">Renato Ibarra</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romario_Ibarra" title="Romario Ibarra">Romario Ibarra</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_Julio" title="Anderson Julio">Anderson Julio</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Hurtado" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Hurtado">Ivan Hurtado</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhojan_Julio" title="Jhojan Julio">Jhojan Julio</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Lara" title="Jefferson Lara">Jefferson Lara</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_Le%C3%B3n" title="Juan Carlos León">Juan Carlos León</a>, player and manager</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Fidel Martínez">Fidel Martínez</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89dison_M%C3%A9ndez" title="Édison Méndez">Édison Méndez</a>, player and manager</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebas_M%C3%A9ndez" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebas Méndez">Sebas Méndez</a>, player for the <a href="/wiki/Orlando_City_SC" title="Orlando City SC">Orlando City SC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Mina" title="Arturo Mina">Arturo Mina</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Ortiz" title="Katherine Ortiz">Katherine Ortiz</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jairo_Padilla" title="Jairo Padilla">Jairo Padilla</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Palacios" title="Diego Palacios">Diego Palacios</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_Paredes" title="Juan Carlos Paredes">Juan Carlos Paredes</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Plata" title="Gonzalo Plata">Gonzalo Plata</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joao_Plata" title="Joao Plata">Joao Plata</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngelo_Preciado" title="Ángelo Preciado">Ángelo Preciado</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayrton_Preciado" title="Ayrton Preciado">Ayrton Preciado</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3nica_Quinteros" title="Mónica Quinteros">Mónica Quinteros</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B3lger_Qui%C3%B1%C3%B3nez" title="Hólger Quiñónez">Hólger Quiñónez</a>, player and manager</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djorkaeff_Reasco" title="Djorkaeff Reasco">Djorkaeff Reasco</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9icer_Reasco" title="Néicer Reasco">Néicer Reasco</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mois%C3%A9s_Ram%C3%ADrez" title="Moisés Ramírez">Moisés Ramírez</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhafets_Reyes" title="Jhafets Reyes">Jhafets Reyes</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Rodr%C3%ADguez_(footballer,_born_2000)" title="Kevin Rodríguez (footballer, born 2000)">Kevin Rodríguez</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Spencer" title="Alberto Spencer">Alberto Spencer</a> (1937–2006), player and all-time top scorer of the <i><a href="/wiki/Copa_Libertadores" title="Copa Libertadores">Copa Libertadores</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Valencia" title="Antonio Valencia">Antonio Valencia</a>, player for <a href="/wiki/Manchester_United" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchester United">Manchester United</a> and Ecuador national team</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enner_Valencia" title="Enner Valencia">Enner Valencia</a>, player for <a href="/wiki/Sport_Club_Internacional" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport Club Internacional">Internacional</a> and Ecuador national team</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Valencia_(footballer,_born_1982)" title="José Valencia (footballer, born 1982)">José Valencia</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Vallecilla" title="Gustavo Vallecilla">Gustavo Vallecilla</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erika_V%C3%A1squez" title="Erika Vásquez">Erika Vásquez</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Velasco_(footballer)" title="Pedro Velasco (footballer)">Pedro Velasco</a>, player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Vill%C3%B3n" title="Wendy Villón">Wendy Villón</a>, player and manager</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Yeboah" title="John Yeboah">John Yeboah</a>, player</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Asamblea_Nacional_abierta_a_recibir_aportes_del_pueblo_afroecuatoriano_(4559865196).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Asamblea_Nacional_abierta_a_recibir_aportes_del_pueblo_afroecuatoriano_%284559865196%29.jpg/220px-Asamblea_Nacional_abierta_a_recibir_aportes_del_pueblo_afroecuatoriano_%284559865196%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Asamblea_Nacional_abierta_a_recibir_aportes_del_pueblo_afroecuatoriano_%284559865196%29.jpg/330px-Asamblea_Nacional_abierta_a_recibir_aportes_del_pueblo_afroecuatoriano_%284559865196%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Asamblea_Nacional_abierta_a_recibir_aportes_del_pueblo_afroecuatoriano_%284559865196%29.jpg/440px-Asamblea_Nacional_abierta_a_recibir_aportes_del_pueblo_afroecuatoriano_%284559865196%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2352" data-file-height="1568" /></a><figcaption>An Afro-Ecuadorian in the national assembly.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_(17901082470).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817901082470%29.jpg/220px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817901082470%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817901082470%29.jpg/330px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817901082470%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817901082470%29.jpg/440px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817901082470%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Semifinal of the Encebollado Championship in Esmeraldas 2015</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_(17900847308).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817900847308%29.jpg/220px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817900847308%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817900847308%29.jpg/330px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817900847308%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817900847308%29.jpg/440px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2817900847308%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Semifinal of the Encebollado Championship in Esmeraldas 2015</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Lorenzo,_Esmeraldas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/San_Lorenzo%2C_Esmeraldas.jpg/220px-San_Lorenzo%2C_Esmeraldas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/San_Lorenzo%2C_Esmeraldas.jpg/330px-San_Lorenzo%2C_Esmeraldas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/San_Lorenzo%2C_Esmeraldas.jpg/440px-San_Lorenzo%2C_Esmeraldas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7952" data-file-height="5304" /></a><figcaption>"Together for our rights" March through the streets of San Lorenzo, Esmeraldas</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_(18085377982).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818085377982%29.jpg/220px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818085377982%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818085377982%29.jpg/330px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818085377982%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818085377982%29.jpg/440px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818085377982%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Semifinal of the Encebollado Championship in Esmeraldas 2015</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_(18062290356).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818062290356%29.jpg/220px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818062290356%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818062290356%29.jpg/330px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818062290356%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818062290356%29.jpg/440px-Semifinal_del_Campeonato_del_Encebollado_en_Esmeraldas_2015_%2818062290356%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Semifinal of the Encebollado Championship in Esmeraldas 2015</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ni%C3%B1os_afroecuatorianos_-_esmeraldas,_15-1-2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ni%C3%B1os_afroecuatorianos_-_esmeraldas%2C_15-1-2020.jpg/220px-Ni%C3%B1os_afroecuatorianos_-_esmeraldas%2C_15-1-2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Ni%C3%B1os_afroecuatorianos_-_esmeraldas%2C_15-1-2020.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="160" /></a><figcaption>Afro-Ecuadorian girls in traditional clothing.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Artesan%C3%ADas_afroecuatorianas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Artesan%C3%ADas_afroecuatorianas.jpg/220px-Artesan%C3%ADas_afroecuatorianas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Artesan%C3%ADas_afroecuatorianas.jpg/330px-Artesan%C3%ADas_afroecuatorianas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Artesan%C3%ADas_afroecuatorianas.jpg/440px-Artesan%C3%ADas_afroecuatorianas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>An Afro-Ecuadorian artesian vendor.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_(6972879930).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972879930%29.jpg/220px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972879930%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972879930%29.jpg/330px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972879930%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972879930%29.jpg/440px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972879930%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Afro-Ecuadorians offer recognition to Foreign Minister.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_(6972883140).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972883140%29.jpg/220px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972883140%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972883140%29.jpg/330px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972883140%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972883140%29.jpg/440px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%286972883140%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Afro-Ecuadorians offer recognition to Foreign Minister.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_(7118960775).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118960775%29.jpg/220px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118960775%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118960775%29.jpg/330px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118960775%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118960775%29.jpg/440px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118960775%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5444" data-file-height="3629" /></a><figcaption>Afro-Ecuadorians offer recognition to Foreign Minister.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_(7118959097).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118959097%29.jpg/220px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118959097%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118959097%29.jpg/330px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118959097%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118959097%29.jpg/440px-Afroecuatorianos_ofrecen_reconocimiento_a_Canciller_%287118959097%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5505" data-file-height="3670" /></a><figcaption>Afro-Ecuadorians offer recognition to Foreign Minister.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marimba_Esmeralde%C3%B1a_Group.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Marimba_Esmeralde%C3%B1a_Group.jpg/220px-Marimba_Esmeralde%C3%B1a_Group.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Marimba_Esmeralde%C3%B1a_Group.jpg/330px-Marimba_Esmeralde%C3%B1a_Group.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Marimba_Esmeralde%C3%B1a_Group.jpg/440px-Marimba_Esmeralde%C3%B1a_Group.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>An Afro-Ecuadorian marimba groups from Esmeraldas</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/48px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/64px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ecuador" title="Portal:Ecuador">Ecuador portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/28px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/42px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/56px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Africa" title="Portal:Africa">Africa portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Latin_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Latin Americans">Afro-Latin Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Afro-Latinos" title="List of Afro-Latinos">List of Afro-Latinos</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-Ecuadorians&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output 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.cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.censoecuador.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/InfoNacionalDatos.pdf">"Ecuador: Censo de Población y Vivienda 2022"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>censoecuador.gob.ec</i>. 21 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190906095412/http://centroafroecuatoriano.org.ec/">Centro Cultural Afroecuatoriano</a> Website with much information on this subject</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="African_diaspora" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BFEAF9;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:African_diaspora" title="Template:African diaspora"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:African_diaspora" title="Template talk:African diaspora"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:African_diaspora" title="Special:EditPage/Template:African diaspora"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="African_diaspora" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/African_diaspora" title="African diaspora">African diaspora</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African_diaspora_in_the_Americas" title="African diaspora in the Americas">Americas</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Latin_Americans" title="Afro–Latin Americans">Latin America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afro-Caribbean_people" title="Afro-Caribbean people">Caribbean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Anguillians" title="Afro-Anguillians">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Antiguans_and_Barbudans" title="Afro–Antiguans and Barbudans">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Arubans" title="Afro-Arubans">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Bahamians" title="Afro-Bahamians">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Barbadians" title="Afro-Barbadians">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Bermudians" title="Black Bermudians">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Caymanians" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Caymanians">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Cubans" title="Afro-Cubans">Cuba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arar%C3%A1" title="Arará">Arará</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdeans_in_Cuba" title="Cape Verdeans in Cuba">Cape Verdean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganga-Longoba" title="Ganga-Longoba">Ganga-Longoba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Cura%C3%A7aoans" title="Afro-Curaçaoans">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Dominicans_(Dominica)" title="Afro-Dominicans (Dominica)">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Dominicans" title="Afro-Dominicans">Dominican Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cocolo" title="Cocolo">Cocolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saman%C3%A1_Americans" title="Samaná Americans">Samaná Americans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Grenadians" title="Afro-Grenadians">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Haitians" title="Afro-Haitians">Haiti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marabou_(ethnicity)" title="Marabou (ethnicity)">Marabou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maroons#Haiti" title="Maroons">Marron</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Jamaicans" title="Afro-Jamaicans">Jamaica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coromantee" title="Coromantee">Coromantee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_people_in_Jamaica" title="Igbo people in Jamaica">Igbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Maroons" title="Jamaican Maroons">Jamaican Maroons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Puerto_Ricans" title="Afro–Puerto Ricans">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Kittitians_and_Nevisians" title="Afro–Kittitians and Nevisians">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Saint_Lucians" title="Afro–Saint Lucians">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Vincentians" title="Afro-Vincentians">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garifuna" title="Garifuna">Garifuna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Trinidadians_and_Tobagonians" title="Afro–Trinidadians and Tobagonians">Trinidad and Tobago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dougla_people" title="Dougla people">Dougla people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merikins" title="Merikins">Merikins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Turks_and_Caicos_Islanders" title="Afro–Turks and Caicos Islanders">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Central<br />America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belizean_Creole_people" title="Belizean Creole people">Belize</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garifuna" title="Garifuna">Garifuna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Costa_Ricans" title="Afro–Costa Ricans">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Salvadorans" title="Afro-Salvadorans">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Guatemalans" title="Afro-Guatemalans">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Hondurans" title="Afro-Hondurans">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miskito_people" title="Miskito people">Miskito people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miskito_Sambu" title="Miskito Sambu">Miskito Sambu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Nicaraguans" title="Afro-Nicaraguans">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Panamanians" title="Afro-Panamanians">Panama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cimarron_people_(Panama)" title="Cimarron people (Panama)">Cimarrón</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">North<br />America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians" title="Black Canadians">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Canada" title="African Americans in Canada">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Mennonites" title="Black Mennonites">Black Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Black_Canadians" title="Indigenous Black Canadians">Indigenous Black Canadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians_in_New_Brunswick" title="Black Canadians in New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Nova_Scotians" title="Black Nova Scotians">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians_in_Ontario" title="Black Canadians in Ontario">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_Canada" title="African immigration to Canada">African immigrants</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Mexicans" title="Afro-Mexicans">Mexico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mascogos" title="Mascogos">Mascogos</a></li></ul></li> <li>United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affrilachia" title="Affrilachia">Affrilachians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_Jews" title="African-American Jews">African-American Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Creole_people" title="Alabama Creole people">Alabama Creoles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Mennonites" title="Black Mennonites">Black Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Southerners" title="Black Southerners">Black Southerners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Black Hispanic and Latino Americans">Black Hispanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Indians_in_the_United_States" title="Black Indians in the United States">Black Indians</a>/<a href="/wiki/Freedmen_(ethnic_group)" title="Freedmen (ethnic group)">Freedmen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_freedmen_controversy" title="Cherokee freedmen controversy">Cherokee freedmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chickasaw#Post–Civil_War" title="Chickasaw">Chickasaw freedmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choctaw_freedmen" title="Choctaw freedmen">Choctaw freedmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creek_Freedmen" title="Creek Freedmen">Creek freedmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Seminoles" title="Black Seminoles">Seminole freedmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creoles_of_color" title="Creoles of color">Creoles of color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gullah" title="Gullah">Gullah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brass_Ankles" title="Brass Ankles">Brass Ankles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Ridge_people" title="Chestnut Ridge people">Chestnut Ridge people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominickers" title="Dominickers">Dominickers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fula_Americans" title="Fula Americans">Fulani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garifuna_Americans" title="Garifuna Americans">Garifuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_Americans" title="Igbo Americans">Igbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbone_(ethnicity)#Louisiana_Redbone_cultural_group" title="Redbone (ethnicity)">Louisiana Redbones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbee" title="Lumbee">Lumbee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melungeon" title="Melungeon">Melungeons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Somali_Bantus_in_Maine" title="History of Somali Bantus in Maine">Somali Bantus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_Americans" title="Yoruba Americans">Yoruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="African immigration to the United States">African immigrants</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">South<br />America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Argentines" title="Afro-Argentines">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Bolivians" title="Afro-Bolivians">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Brazilians" title="Afro-Brazilians">Brazil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalungas" title="Kalungas">Kalungas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mocambo_(settlement)" title="Mocambo (settlement)">Macombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quilombola" title="Quilombola">Quilombola</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Chileans" title="Afro-Chileans">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Colombians" title="Afro-Colombians">Colombia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raizal" title="Raizal">Raizal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93French_Guianans" title="Afro–French Guianans">French Guiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aluku" title="Aluku">Aluku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndyuka_people" title="Ndyuka people">Ndyuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saramaka" title="Saramaka">Saramaka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Guyanese" title="Afro-Guyanese">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Paraguayans" title="Afro-Paraguayans">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Peruvians" title="Black Peruvians">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Surinamese" title="Afro-Surinamese">Suriname</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwinti_people" title="Kwinti people">Kwinti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matawai_people" title="Matawai people">Matawai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndyuka_people" title="Ndyuka people">Ndyuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramaccan_people" title="Paramaccan people">Paramaccan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saramaka" title="Saramaka">Saramaka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Uruguayans" title="Afro-Uruguayans">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Venezuelans" title="Afro-Venezuelans">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_Europe" title="African immigration to Europe">Europe</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Black_Europeans" title="Black Europeans">Blacks</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazians_of_African_descent" title="Abkhazians of African descent">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Austrians" title="Afro-Austrians">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Belgians" title="Black Belgians">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Danish_people_of_African_descent" title="Category:Danish people of African descent">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_diaspora_in_Finland" title="African diaspora in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_French_people" title="Black French people">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_African_community_of_Paris" title="Sub-Saharan African community of Paris">Paris</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Germans" title="Afro-Germans">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Greeks" title="African Greeks">Greece</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Greeks" title="Black Greeks">Blacks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_in_Ireland" title="Black people in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_emigrants_to_Italy" title="African emigrants to Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Dutch_people" title="Afro-Dutch people">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_Norway" title="African immigration to Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Poland" title="Africans in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Portuguese_people" title="Afro-Portuguese people">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Romanians" title="Afro-Romanians">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Russians" title="Afro-Russians">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Spaniards" title="Afro-Spaniards">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigrants_to_Sweden" title="African immigrants to Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigrants_to_Switzerland" title="African immigrants to Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Ukrainians" title="Afro-Ukrainians">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_British_people" title="Black British people">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_in_Cambridge" title="Black people in Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_in_Liverpool" title="Black people in Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_presence_in_London" title="History of African presence in London">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Scottish_people" title="Black Scottish people">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Welsh_people" title="Black Welsh people">Wales</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afro-Arabs" title="Afro-Arabs">Middle East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Iranians" title="Afro-Iranians">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Iraqis" title="Afro-Iraqis">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_Israel" title="African immigration to Israel">Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Jews_in_Israel" title="Ethiopian Jews in Israel">Ethiopian Israelis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_in_Israel" title="Sudanese in Israel">Sudanese refugees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Jordanians" title="Afro-Jordanians">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Omanis" title="Afro-Omanis">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Palestinians" title="Afro-Palestinians">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Saudis" title="Afro-Saudis">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_of_Yarmouk_Basin" title="Black people of Yarmouk Basin">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Turks" title="Afro-Turks">Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Turkey" title="Africans in Turkey">Africans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Emiratis" title="Afro-Emiratis">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Muhamash%C4%ABn" title="Al-Muhamashīn">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afro-Asians" title="Afro-Asians">Asia</a> and<br />Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Australians" title="African Australians">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Chinese" title="African Chinese">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Guangzhou" title="Africans in Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Hong_Kong" title="Africans in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Asians_in_South_Asia" title="Afro-Asians in South Asia">Afro-Asians in South Asia</a></li> <li>India and Pakistan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siddi" title="Siddi">Siddi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siddis_of_Karnataka" title="Siddis of Karnataka">in Karnataka</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Indonesians" title="African Indonesians">Indonesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belanda_Hitam" title="Belanda Hitam">Black Dutchmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardijker_people" title="Mardijker people">Mardijker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_in_Japan" title="Black people in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Malaysia" title="Africans in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_New_Zealanders" title="African New Zealanders">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Africans in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Kaffirs" title="Sri Lanka Kaffirs">Kaffirs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Atlantic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha#Saint_Helena" title="Demographics of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Secondary<br />Afro-American<br />diaspora</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Africa" title="African Americans in Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ghana <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Ghana" title="African Americans in Ghana">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabom_people" title="Tabom people">Tabom</a></li></ul></li> <li>Liberia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americo-Liberian_people" title="Americo-Liberian people">Americo-Liberians</a></li></ul></li> <li>Nigeria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilians_in_Nigeria" title="Brazilians in Nigeria">Afro-Brazilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saro_people" title="Saro people">Saro</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sierra Leone <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Creole_people" title="Sierra Leone Creole people">Sierra Leone Creole</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_France" title="African Americans in France">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitians_in_France" title="Haitians in France">Haitians</a></li></ul></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americans_in_the_United_Kingdom#African_Americans" title="Americans in the United Kingdom">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_African-Caribbean_people" title="British African-Caribbean people">Afro-Caribbean people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Jamaicans" title="British Jamaicans">British Jamaicans</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Asia and<br />Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Israel" title="African Americans in Israel">Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Hebrew_Israelites_in_Israel" title="African Hebrew Israelites in Israel">African Hebrew Israelites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_in_Japan" title="Black people in Japan">Japan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Related<br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_diaspora_religions" title="African diaspora religions">African diaspora religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-African_sentiment" title="Anti-African sentiment">Anti-African sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Black_racism" title="Anti-Black racism">Anti-Black racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">Atlantic slave trade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coromantee" title="Coromantee">Coromantee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_people_in_the_Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Igbo people in the Atlantic slave trade">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongo_people" title="Kongo people">Kongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikar_people" title="Tikar people">Tikar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_people_in_the_Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Yoruba people in the Atlantic slave trade">Yoruba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_power" title="Black power">Black power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">Civil rights movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creole_peoples" title="Creole peoples">Creole peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_the_African_diaspora" title="Genetic history of the African diaspora">Genetic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maroons" title="Maroons">Maroons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Africanism" title="Pan-Africanism">Pan-Africanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">Slavery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reparations_for_slavery" title="Reparations for slavery">Reparations</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #BFEAF9;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:African_diaspora" title="Category:African diaspora">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:African_diaspora" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:African diaspora">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancestry_and_ethnicity_in_Ecuador" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Ecuador" title="Indigenous peoples in Ecuador">Indigenous</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awa-Kwaiker_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Awa-Kwaiker people">Awa-Kwaiker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canelos-Quichua" title="Canelos-Quichua">Canelos-Quichua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ca%C3%B1ari" title="Cañari">Cañari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chachi_people" title="Chachi people">Chachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cholos_pescadores" title="Cholos pescadores">Cholo pescador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cof%C3%A1n_people" title="Cofán people">Cofán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huaorani_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Huaorani people">Huaorani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tagaeri" title="Tagaeri">Tagaeri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jivaroan_peoples" title="Jivaroan peoples">Jivaroan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achuar_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Achuar people">Achuar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aguaruna_people" title="Aguaruna people">Aguaruna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huambisa_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Huambisa people">Huambisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuar_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Shuar people">Shuar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maina_Indians" class="mw-redirect" title="Maina Indians">Maina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quechua_people" title="Quechua people">Quichua</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panzaleo_people" title="Panzaleo people">Panzaleo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quijos-Quichua" title="Quijos-Quichua">Quijos-Quichua</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otavalo_people" title="Otavalo people">Otavalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puruh%C3%A1" title="Puruhá">Puruhá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1para_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Sápara people">Sápara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secoya_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Secoya people">Secoya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siona_people" title="Siona people">Siona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taromenane" title="Taromenane">Taromenane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetet%C3%A9_people" title="Teteté people">Teteté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ts%C3%A1chila_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsáchila people">Tsáchila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-Indigenous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Ecuadorian" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Ecuadorian">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americans_in_Ecuador" title="Americans in Ecuador">Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:European_diaspora_in_Ecuador" title="Category:European diaspora in Ecuador">European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Ecuadorians" title="Italian Ecuadorians">Italians</a></li> 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