CINXE.COM

Bankruptcy and Financial Distress

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.typekit.net/fcw1nqi.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.0.1/css/font-awesome.min.css" integrity="sha512-H/zVLBHVS8ZRNSR8wrNZrGFpuHDyN6+p6uaADRefLS4yZYRxfF4049g1GhT+gDExFRB5Kf9jeGr8vueDsyBhhA==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.1 (Yoast SEO v23.9) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>Bankruptcy and Financial Distress</title> <meta name="description" content="Clients have retained Cornerstone Research in matters involving fraudulent conveyance and preferential transfer, valuation of distressed firms and their securities and assets, securities fraud, ERISA, lender and auditor liability, change of control, and piercing the corporate veil, among other complex topics." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/services/bankruptcy-financial-distress/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Bankruptcy and Financial Distress" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Clients have retained Cornerstone Research in matters involving fraudulent conveyance and preferential transfer, valuation of distressed firms and their securities and assets, securities fraud, ERISA, lender and auditor liability, change of control, and piercing the corporate veil, among other complex topics." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/services/bankruptcy-financial-distress/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Cornerstone Research" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/CornerstoneResearchInc" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-10-09T13:14:34+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/greenlogo.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="300" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="210" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@Cornerstone_Res" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="5 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/services/bankruptcy-financial-distress/","url":"https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/services/bankruptcy-financial-distress/","name":"Bankruptcy and Financial Distress","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.cornerstone.com/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-12-08T19:31:59+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-09T13:14:34+00:00","description":"Clients have retained Cornerstone Research in matters involving fraudulent conveyance and preferential transfer, valuation of distressed firms and their securities and assets, securities fraud, ERISA, lender and auditor liability, change of control, and piercing the corporate veil, among other complex topics.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/services/bankruptcy-financial-distress/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/services/bankruptcy-financial-distress/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/services/bankruptcy-financial-distress/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.cornerstone.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Practices","item":"https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Services","item":"https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/services/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Bankruptcy and Financial Distress"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.cornerstone.com/#website","url":"https://www.cornerstone.com/","name":"Cornerstone Research","description":"Economic and Financial Consulting and Expert Testimony","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.cornerstone.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.cornerstone.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.cornerstone.com/#organization","name":"Cornerstone Research","url":"https://www.cornerstone.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.cornerstone.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Cornerstone-Research-Logo.jpg","contentUrl":"https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Cornerstone-Research-Logo.jpg","width":1000,"height":61,"caption":"Cornerstone Research"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.cornerstone.com/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/CornerstoneResearchInc","https://x.com/Cornerstone_Res","https://www.linkedin.com/company/cornerstone-research/"]}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//static.addtoany.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Cornerstone Research &raquo; Feed" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Cornerstone Research &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/comments/feed/" /> <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.cornerstone.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cookie-law-info-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/autoptimize/css/autoptimize_single_93eaf136daecb1bc47a2bd32ca924cee.css?ver=2.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cookie-law-info-gdpr-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/autoptimize/css/autoptimize_single_b81302d6f08822f1c891af7a671d1975.css?ver=2.4.0' media='all' /> <style id='cookie-law-info-gdpr-inline-css'> .cli-modal-content, .cli-tab-content { background-color: #ffffff; }.cli-privacy-content-text, .cli-modal .cli-modal-dialog, .cli-tab-container p, a.cli-privacy-readmore { color: #000000; }.cli-tab-header { background-color: #f2f2f2; }.cli-tab-header, .cli-tab-header a.cli-nav-link,span.cli-necessary-caption,.cli-switch .cli-slider:after { color: #000000; }.cli-switch .cli-slider:before { background-color: #ffffff; }.cli-switch input:checked + .cli-slider:before { background-color: #ffffff; }.cli-switch .cli-slider { background-color: #e3e1e8; }.cli-switch input:checked + .cli-slider { background-color: #28a745; }.cli-modal-close svg { fill: #000000; }.cli-tab-footer .wt-cli-privacy-accept-all-btn { background-color: #00acad; color: #ffffff}.cli-tab-footer .wt-cli-privacy-accept-btn { background-color: #00acad; color: #ffffff}.cli-tab-header a:before{ border-right: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='megamenu-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/maxmegamenu/style.css?ver=768c2f' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=6.7' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cornerstone_research-ihotspot-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/css/ihotspot.min.css?ver=1.0.13' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cornerstone_research-select2-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/css/select2.min.css?ver=1.0.13' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cornerstone_research-lity-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/autoptimize/css/autoptimize_single_d2f9238aec0c7a47f92f23552bdabae1.css?ver=1.0.13' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cornerstone_research-animate-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/autoptimize/css/autoptimize_single_fe17344435ecc39205adc971deb3445a.css?ver=1.0.13' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cornerstone_research-custom-style-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/autoptimize/css/autoptimize_single_9263022ebc5b80b1b700d315faa70830.css?ver=1.0.13' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cornerstone_research-style-min-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/css/style.min.css?ver=1.0.13' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='addtoany-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/plugins/add-to-any/addtoany.min.css?ver=1.16' media='all' /> <script id="addtoany-core-js-before"> window.a2a_config=window.a2a_config||{};a2a_config.callbacks=[];a2a_config.overlays=[];a2a_config.templates={}; a2a_config.icon_color="transparent,#006d55"; </script> <script defer src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js" id="addtoany-core-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script defer src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/plugins/add-to-any/addtoany.min.js?ver=1.1" id="addtoany-jquery-js"></script> <script id="cookie-law-info-js-extra"> var Cli_Data = {"nn_cookie_ids":["_ga_*","CookieLawInfoConsent","wpEmojiSettingsSupports","_gat_UA-*","_cfuvid","cf_clearance","_gid","_gat_UA-12672498-1","vuid","__cf_bm","PBSECURESUSID","_ga"],"non_necessary_cookies":{"necessary":["CookieLawInfoConsent"],"functional":["wpEmojiSettingsSupports","_cfuvid","cf_clearance","__cf_bm","PBSECURESUSID"],"performance":["AWSELBCORS"],"analytics":["_ga_*","_gat_UA-*","_gid","_gat_UA-12672498-1","vuid","_ga"]},"cookielist":{"necessary":{"id":38,"status":true,"priority":0,"title":"Necessary","strict":true,"default_state":false,"ccpa_optout":false,"loadonstart":false},"functional":{"id":39,"status":true,"priority":5,"title":"Functional","strict":false,"default_state":false,"ccpa_optout":false,"loadonstart":false},"performance":{"id":40,"status":true,"priority":4,"title":"Performance","strict":false,"default_state":false,"ccpa_optout":false,"loadonstart":false},"analytics":{"id":41,"status":true,"priority":3,"title":"Analytics","strict":false,"default_state":false,"ccpa_optout":false,"loadonstart":false}},"ajax_url":"https:\/\/www.cornerstone.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","current_lang":"en","security":"278d239c24","eu_countries":["GB"],"geoIP":"enabled","use_custom_geolocation_api":"","custom_geolocation_api":"https:\/\/geoip.cookieyes.com\/geoip\/checker\/result.php","consentVersion":"1","strictlyEnabled":["necessary","obligatoire"],"cookieDomain":"","privacy_length":"250","ccpaEnabled":"1","ccpaRegionBased":"1","ccpaBarEnabled":"1","ccpaType":"ccpa_gdpr","triggerDomRefresh":"","secure_cookies":""}; var log_object = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/www.cornerstone.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; </script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/plugins/webtoffee-gdpr-cookie-consent/public/js/cookie-law-info-public.js?ver=2.4.0" id="cookie-law-info-js"></script> <script id="cookie-law-info-ccpa-js-extra"> var ccpa_data = {"opt_out_prompt":"Do you really wish to opt out?","opt_out_confirm":"Confirm","opt_out_cancel":"Cancel"}; </script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/plugins/webtoffee-gdpr-cookie-consent/admin/modules/ccpa/assets/js/cookie-law-info-ccpa.js?ver=2.4.0" id="cookie-law-info-ccpa-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/components/modernizr.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-modernizr-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/2189" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/?p=2189' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cornerstone.com%2Fpractices%2Fservices%2Fbankruptcy-financial-distress%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cornerstone.com%2Fpractices%2Fservices%2Fbankruptcy-financial-distress%2F&#038;format=xml" /> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script type="text/plain" data-cli-class="cli-blocker-script" data-cli-category="analytics" data-cli-script-type="analytics" data-cli-block="true" data-cli-block-if-ccpa-optout="false" data-cli-element-position="head">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MV72J5J');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <script> document.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace('no-js', 'js'); </script> <style> .no-js img.lazyload { display: none; } figure.wp-block-image img.lazyloading { min-width: 150px; } .lazyload, .lazyloading { opacity: 0; } .lazyloaded { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 400ms; transition-delay: 0ms; } </style> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/cropped-favicon-1-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/cropped-favicon-1-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/cropped-favicon-1-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/cropped-favicon-1-270x270.png" /> <style id="wp-custom-css"> .practice-herozone .container:before { content: ''; background: transparent linear-gradient(0deg, #000000 0%, #00000000 100%) 0% 0% no-repeat padding-box; opacity: 0.64; position: absolute; height: 100%; width: 100%; left: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 1; } .practice-herozone .container .col-md-8 { z-index:2; } .highlights-tabbed-body-container .text-block .row { column-count: unset; display: flex; } .tabs-column-sections.two-column-listing ul { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: unset; column-count: unset; width: 100%; } .tabs-column-sections.two-column-listing ul li { flex: 0 0 50%; max-width: 50%; } @media(max-width: 767px){ .tabs-column-sections.two-column-listing ul li { flex: 0 0 100%; max-width: 100%; } } </style> <style type="text/css">/** Mega Menu CSS: fs **/</style> </head> <style> #print-btn-d {display: none;} .practice-herozone .container:before { content: ''; background: transparent linear-gradient(0deg, #000000 0%, #00000000 100%) 0% 0% no-repeat padding-box; opacity: 0.64; position: absolute; height: 100%; width: 100%; left: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 1; } .practice-herozone .container .col-md-8 { z-index:2; } .highlights-tabbed-body-container .text-block .row { column-count: unset; display: flex; } .tabs-column-sections.two-column-listing ul { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: unset; column-count: unset; width: 100%; } .tabs-column-sections.two-column-listing ul li { flex: 0 0 50%; max-width: 50%; } @media(max-width: 767px){ .tabs-column-sections.two-column-listing ul li { flex: 0 0 100%; max-width: 100%; } } </style> <body class="page-template page-template-template-practice_detail page-template-template-practice_detail-php page page-id-2189 page-child parent-pageid-1966 mega-menu-menu-2"> <div id="page" class="site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#primary">Skip to content</a> <header id="header"> <div class="search-overlay"> <div class="search-content search-block" id="search-content"> <div class="search-header-content container"> <form autocomplete="off" action="https://www.cornerstone.com/"> <div class="search-field"> <input type="text" placeholder="Search" name="s" id="search-input" required> <button><i class="icon-search"></i></button> </div> </form> <span class="close-search"><i class="icon-clear"></i></span> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg"> <div class="container-fluid"> <a class="header-search-icon mobile-search-trigger" href="javascript:void(0)"> <i class="icon-search"></i> </a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#MainMenu" aria-controls="MainMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"> <i class="icon-menu"></i> <i class="icon-clear"></i> </span> </button> <div class="col-sm-3"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="/"> <img class="light-logo lazyload" data-src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/img/white-logo.svg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw=="><noscript><img class="light-logo" src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/img/white-logo.svg"></noscript> <img class="dark-logo lazyload" data-src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/img/dark-logo.svg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw=="><noscript><img class="dark-logo" src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/img/dark-logo.svg"></noscript> <img class="mobile-logo lazyload" data-src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/img/mobile-logo.svg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw=="><noscript><img class="mobile-logo" src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/img/mobile-logo.svg"></noscript> </a> </div> <div class="col-sm-9 position-static"> <div class="navbar-collapse justify-content-end" id="MainMenu"> <div class="header-btn-container top-mobile-hide"> <ul id="main-menu-2" class=""><li id="menu-item-4379" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4379"><a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/europe/">Europe</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4380" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4380"><a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/careers/">Careers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4381" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4381"><a href="/contact-us">Contact</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="mega-menu-wrap-menu-2" class="mega-menu-wrap"><div class="mega-menu-toggle"><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-left"></div><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-center"></div><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-right"><div class='mega-toggle-block mega-menu-toggle-animated-block mega-toggle-block-0' id='mega-toggle-block-0'><button aria-label="Toggle Menu" class="mega-toggle-animated mega-toggle-animated-slider" type="button" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mega-toggle-animated-box"> <span class="mega-toggle-animated-inner"></span> </span> </button></div></div></div><ul id="mega-menu-menu-2" class="mega-menu max-mega-menu mega-menu-horizontal mega-no-js" data-event="hover_intent" data-effect="fade_up" data-effect-speed="200" data-effect-mobile="disabled" data-effect-speed-mobile="0" data-mobile-force-width="false" data-second-click="go" data-document-click="collapse" data-vertical-behaviour="standard" data-breakpoint="1200" data-unbind="false" data-mobile-state="collapse_all" data-mobile-direction="vertical" data-hover-intent-timeout="300" data-hover-intent-interval="100"><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-close-after-click mega-menu-item-4368' id='mega-menu-item-4368'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">About<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-13887' id='mega-menu-item-13887'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about/about-us/">About Us</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-559' id='mega-menu-item-559'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about/client-commitment/">Client Commitment</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-post_type mega-menu-item-object-page mega-menu-item-12046' id='mega-menu-item-12046'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/about/cases/">Cases</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-561' id='mega-menu-item-561'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about/offices/">Offices</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-post_type mega-menu-item-object-page mega-menu-item-22164' id='mega-menu-item-22164'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/about/firm-leadership/">Firm Leadership</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-562' id='mega-menu-item-562'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about/corporate-citizenship/">Corporate Citizenship</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-563' id='mega-menu-item-563'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about/pro-bono/">Pro Bono</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-564' id='mega-menu-item-564'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about/diversity-equity-inclusion/">Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion</a></li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-post_type mega-menu-item-object-page mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-12043' id='mega-menu-item-12043'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/experts/" tabindex="0">Experts</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-post_type mega-menu-item-object-page mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-12045' id='mega-menu-item-12045'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/professionals/" tabindex="0">Professionals</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-current-menu-ancestor mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-megamenu mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-megamenu mega-close-after-click mega-menu-item-566' id='mega-menu-item-566'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">Practices<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-current-menu-ancestor mega-current-menu-parent mega-menu-item-has-children mega-2-columns mega-menu-columns-1-of-2 mega-menu-item-528' id='mega-menu-item-528'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#">Selected Services<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-529' id='mega-menu-item-529'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/accounting/">Accounting</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-530' id='mega-menu-item-530'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/antitrust-competition/">Antitrust and Competition</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-current-menu-item mega-menu-item-531' id='mega-menu-item-531'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/bankruptcy-financial-distress/" aria-current="page">Bankruptcy and Financial Distress</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-532' id='mega-menu-item-532'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/consumer-fraud-product-liability/">Consumer Fraud and Product Liability</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-533' id='mega-menu-item-533'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/corporate-government-investigations/">Corporate and Government Investigations</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-534' id='mega-menu-item-534'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/corporate-governance/">Corporate Governance</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-535' id='mega-menu-item-535'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/corporate-transactions/">Corporate Transaction Litigation</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-11493' id='mega-menu-item-11493'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/data-privacy-and-data-breach/">Data Privacy and Data Breach</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-536' id='mega-menu-item-536'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/erisa/">Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-11494' id='mega-menu-item-11494'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/environmental-social-and-governance/">Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG)</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-537' id='mega-menu-item-537'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/intellectual-property/">Intellectual Property</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-538' id='mega-menu-item-538'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/international-arbitration/">International Arbitration and Litigation</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-539' id='mega-menu-item-539'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/international-trade/">International Trade</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-540' id='mega-menu-item-540'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/labor-discrimination-algorithmic-bias/">Labor, Discrimination, and Algorithmic Bias</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-541' id='mega-menu-item-541'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/market-manipulation-microstructure/">Market Manipulation and Market Microstructure</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-542' id='mega-menu-item-542'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/merger-investigations/">Merger Investigations</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-543' id='mega-menu-item-543'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/securities-litigation/">Securities Litigation</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-17114' id='mega-menu-item-17114'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/services/statistics-and-sampling/">Statistics and Sampling</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-10020' id='mega-menu-item-10020'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/tax-controversy/">Tax Controversy</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-544' id='mega-menu-item-544'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/services/valuation/">Valuation</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-2-columns mega-menu-columns-1-of-2 mega-menu-item-545' id='mega-menu-item-545'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#">Selected Industries and Sectors<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-546' id='mega-menu-item-546'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/automotive-related-industries/">Automotive and Related Industries</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-547' id='mega-menu-item-547'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/consumer-finance/">Consumer Finance</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-549' id='mega-menu-item-549'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/energy-commodities/">Energy and Commodities</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-550' id='mega-menu-item-550'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/financial-institutions/">Financial Institutions</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-551' id='mega-menu-item-551'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/fintech-blockchain-cryptocurrency/">FinTech, Blockchain, and Cryptocurrency</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-552' id='mega-menu-item-552'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/healthcare/">Healthcare</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-553' id='mega-menu-item-553'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/hedge-funds/">Hedge Funds</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-554' id='mega-menu-item-554'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/hospitality-travel-tourism/">Hospitality, Travel, and Tourism</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-16441' id='mega-menu-item-16441'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/industries/insurance-and-pension-plans/">Insurance and Pension Plans</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-555' id='mega-menu-item-555'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/life-sciences/">Life Sciences</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-16422' id='mega-menu-item-16422'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/practices/industries/private-equity-and-venture-capital/">Private Equity and Venture Capital</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-556' id='mega-menu-item-556'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/real-estate/">Real Estate</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-548' id='mega-menu-item-548'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/technology-digital-economy-and-artificial-intelligence/">Technology, Digital Economy, and Artificial Intelligence</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-557' id='mega-menu-item-557'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/practices/industries/telecommunications-media-entertainment/">Telecommunications, Media, and Entertainment</a></li> </ul> </li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-close-after-click mega-menu-item-20990' id='mega-menu-item-20990'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">Centers of Excellence<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-20991' id='mega-menu-item-20991'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/applied-research-center/">Applied Research Center</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-567' id='mega-menu-item-567'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/data-science-center/">Data Science Center</a></li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-post_type mega-menu-item-object-page mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-12044' id='mega-menu-item-12044'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/" tabindex="0">Insights</a></li></ul></div> <div class="header-btn-container top-mobile-show"> <ul id="main-menu-2" class=""><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4379"><a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/europe/">Europe</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4380"><a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/careers/">Careers</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4381"><a href="/contact-us">Contact</a></li> </ul> </div> <a class="header-search-icon" href="javascript:void(0)"> <i class="icon-search"></i> </a> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </header> <main class="main-section" role="main"> <!-- Herozone start --> <section class="not-print practice-herozone"> <div class="bg-img lazyload" style="background-image:inherit;" data-bg-image="url(&#039;https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/iStock-1202524072-Bankruptcy-copy.jpg&#039;)"></div> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8"> <div class="banner-container"> <h1>Bankruptcy and Financial Distress</h1> <div class="large-para"> <p>Clients have retained Cornerstone Research in matters involving fraudulent conveyance and preferential transfer, valuation of distressed firms and their securities and assets, securities fraud, ERISA, lender and auditor liability, change of control, and piercing the corporate veil, among other complex topics.</p> </div> <div class="pull-left"><a id="print-btn-d" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/print-page/?post_id=2189&type=practice-detail" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false" class="btn btn-primary grd-btn icons-btn solid-btn mb-5"><i class="icon-file-pdf-o1"></i><span>Print PDF</span></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!-- Herozone end --> <div class="sticky-container" data-sticky-container> <div class="sticky-menu-section" data-sticky data-margin-top="106" data-sticky-class="is-sticky"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="sticky-container-rel"> <a href="#" class="sticky-nav-mobile"><span>Select Tab</span></a> <ul> <li><a data-toggle="tab" href="#1" class="active">Experts</a></li> <li><a data-toggle="tab" href="#2" class="">Capabilities</a></li> <li><a data-toggle="tab" href="#3" class="">Cases</a></li> <li><a data-toggle="tab" href="#4" class="">Professionals</a></li> <li><a data-toggle="tab" href="#5" class="">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Other Components start --> <section class=" not-print experts-section " id="1"> <div class="filter-container-section grid-experts"> <div class="container"> <div class="row justify-content-end"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="experts-grid-block"> <h2 class="mobile-show">Our extensive network includes top experts from academia and industry.</h2> <ul class="nav-btn-slider"> <li> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/experts/david-smith/" class="full-link"></a> <div class="expert-img lazyload" style="background-image:inherit;" data-bg-image="url(&#039;https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/David-Smith.jpg&#039;)"></div> <h4>David C. Smith</h4> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/experts/karen-wruck/" class="full-link"></a> <div class="expert-img lazyload" style="background-image:inherit;" data-bg-image="url(&#039;https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Karen-Wruck.jpg&#039;)"></div> <h4>Karen Wruck</h4> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/experts/stuart-gilson/" class="full-link"></a> <div class="expert-img lazyload" style="background-image:inherit;" data-bg-image="url(&#039;https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Stuart-Gilson.jpg&#039;)"></div> <h4>Stuart C. Gilson</h4> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/experts/frederick-van-zijl/" class="full-link"></a> <div class="expert-img lazyload" style="background-image:inherit;" data-bg-image="url(&#039;https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Rick-Van-Zijl.jpg&#039;)"></div> <h4>Frederick G. Van Zijl</h4> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 expert-show-main-container"> <div class="text-block expert-container-hidden showexpertcontainer"> <h2 class="desktop-show">Our extensive network includes top experts from academia and industry.<div class="title-bottom-text dark"></div> </h2> <div class="large-para"> <h3 class="sec-font bold">David C. Smith</h3> <h6 class="itelic"><p>Virginia Bankers Association Eminent Professor,<br /> McIntire School of Commerce,<br /> University of Virginia</p> </h6> <p>David Smith specializes in corporate finance and restructuring. Professor Smith’s expertise spans many areas of finance, including corporate valuation, solvency, bankruptcy, restructuring, and governance. As an expert witness, he has testified in securities class actions at the class certification and merits stages, as well as matters involving distressed debt trading, securities valuation, leveraged finance, private equity, and the financing and investment performance of pension, real estate, and hedge funds. Professor Smith has extensive testifying experience in depositions and trials, including in federal bankruptcy courts and the Delaware Court of Chancery.</p> <p>Professor Smith researches a range of corporate finance topics. He has analyzed the impact of the valuation of bankrupt firms, the economics of corporate credit agreements, the restructuring of highly leveraged firms, and the impact of board diversity on company performance. He has also documented how distressed debt trading affects bankruptcy outcomes and studied the influence of corporate contracts and law on the quality of corporate governance.</p> <p>Before joining the University of Virginia, Professor Smith worked as an economist at the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Board. In that role, he covered the Japanese and Chinese banking sectors and worked on issues related to international financial architecture. Previously, Professor Smith taught finance courses for five years at the Norwegian School of Management in Oslo.</p> <p>Professor Smith has published his research in leading academic journals, including the <em>Journal of Finance</em>, the <em>Journal of Financial Economics</em>, the <em>Journal of Econometrics</em>, and the<em> Review of Financial Studies</em>. He has presented his research at universities and conferences around the world.</p> <p>Professor Smith has won several awards for excellence in teaching. In 2019, the University of Virginia honored him with a Collaborative Excellence in Public Service Award for his work on a ten-year retrospective project on the 2008 financial crisis.</p> </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/experts/david-smith/" class="btn-primary btn grd-btn">View Bio</a> </div> </div> <div class="text-block expert-container-hidden "> <h2 class="desktop-show">Our extensive network includes top experts from academia and industry.<div class="title-bottom-text dark"></div> </h2> <div class="large-para"> <h3 class="sec-font bold">Karen Wruck</h3> <h6 class="itelic"><p>Professor of Finance,<br /> Dean’s Distinguished Professor,<br /> Fisher College of Business,<br /> The Ohio State University</p> </h6> <p>Karen Wruck is an expert in financial and organizational economics, with special emphasis on corporate finance, valuation, restructuring, financial distress, corporate governance, and management compensation.</p> <p>Professor Wruck has been retained as an expert witness in numerous matters and has testified at deposition. Her experience spans matters related to valuation, mergers and acquisitions (M&amp;A), financial distress/bankruptcy, fraudulent conveyance, and damages, including damages related to alleged wrongful termination, breach of contract, and discrimination. She has addressed issues pertaining to executive compensation, insider trading, corporate governance, and corporate control.</p> <p>Professor Wruck has published in leading peer-reviewed journals, including the <em>Journal of Financial Economics</em>, the <em>Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis</em>, and the <em>Journal of Corporate Finance</em>. Her work has also been cited in the press and has appeared in practitioner-oriented journals such as the <em>Journal of Applied Corporate Finance</em>. Two of her publications, one on private equity and the other on management turnover, were named by the <em>Journal of Financial Economics</em> as being among its most highly cited “all-star” papers. She has also served as associate editor for top finance and accounting journals.</p> <p>At the Fisher College of Business, Professor Wruck teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in corporate finance, international finance, M&amp;A, and corporate restructuring. Students in the M.B.A. and executive M.B.A. programs have repeatedly named her as an outstanding professor. Professor Wruck received Fisher College’s Bostic-Georges Faculty Service Award and the Mary Ann Williams Leadership Award, which recognize extraordinary service and leadership at Ohio State.</p> <p>Professor Wruck consults to corporations and has served as an academic director of the Turnaround Management Association, an organization focused on corporate restructuring and enterprise value. Previously, she was a member of the Harvard Business School faculty.</p> </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/experts/karen-wruck/" class="btn-primary btn grd-btn">View Bio</a> </div> </div> <div class="text-block expert-container-hidden "> <h2 class="desktop-show">Our extensive network includes top experts from academia and industry.<div class="title-bottom-text dark"></div> </h2> <div class="large-para"> <h3 class="sec-font bold">Stuart C. Gilson</h3> <h6 class="itelic"><p>Steven R. Fenster Professor of Business Administration,<br /> Harvard Business School,<br /> Harvard University</p> </h6> <p>Stuart Gilson is an expert in corporate restructuring and valuation. He has deep expertise in bankruptcy and financial distress issues, credit and financial statement analysis, and corporate transactions—including business valuation in M&amp;A settings.</p> <p>Professor Gilson has provided expert testimony in numerous matters, including multiple trials. He has addressed such topics as corporate restructuring; asset and business valuation; M&amp;A; solvency; fraudulent conveyance; and substantive consolidation. He has consulted on solvency and valuation issues in a variety of industries, such as education, energy (including alternative energy), finance, healthcare, insurance, retail, technology, and transportation.</p> <p>Professor Gilson’s research and consulting focus on the operational, financial, and legal strategies that companies use to revitalize their business, improve performance, and create value. He is the author of the book <em>Creating Value through Corporate Restructuring: Case Studies in Bankruptcies, Buyouts, and Breakups</em>, which he developed from a class he has taught for the last twenty years in Harvard’s M.B.A. curriculum.</p> <p>Professor Gilson has written more than eighty Harvard Business School case studies and teaching notes used in business schools throughout the world. He has also taught extensively in Harvard Business School’s Executive Education programs and received multiple academic research and teaching awards. <em>Turnarounds and Workouts</em> magazine has recognized Professor Gilson as one of the top ten outstanding bankruptcy academics.</p> <p>Professor Gilson’s research is published in leading academic and practitioner journals and cited by national news media. His work has received several honors, including the prestigious Graham and Dodd Award from the CFA Institute. He was an associate editor of <em>Financial Management</em> and the <em>Journal of Corporate Finance</em>.</p> <p>Professor Gilson has also served on the advisory and corporate boards of several for-profit and nonprofit organizations and has provided expert advice on bankruptcy law reform in the U.S. and internationally.</p> </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/experts/stuart-gilson/" class="btn-primary btn grd-btn">View Bio</a> </div> </div> <div class="text-block expert-container-hidden "> <h2 class="desktop-show">Our extensive network includes top experts from academia and industry.<div class="title-bottom-text dark"></div> </h2> <div class="large-para"> <h3 class="sec-font bold">Frederick G. Van Zijl</h3> <h6 class="itelic"><p>President, RVZ Strategic Advisors;<br /> Former Managing Director, Fortress Investment Group;<br /> Former Head of U.S. Leveraged Finance, Barclays Capital;<br /> Former Managing Director, Goldman Sachs</p> </h6> <div class="page-main"> <div class="flexgrid"> <div class="flexgrid-col flexgrid-col-primary flexgrid-col-2of3"> <div class="section-row"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="grid-col col-spaced-content"> <div class="user-content "> <div class="blue-body"> <p>Rick Van Zijl has more than thirty-five years of experience as a financial services professional. Mr. Van Zijl has held senior roles at leading global investment banks, where he led high-profile transactions. He also served as an investor at a major hedge fund. As an expert witness, he has addressed valuation, access to capital markets, solvency, and leveraged finance, among other issues. His industry experience includes financial institutions, industrials, media, quick service restaurants (QSR), retail, and telecommunications.</p> </div> <div class="text-faded"> <p>Mr. Van Zijl has arranged and invested in customized debt and equity structures to finance buyouts, growth, acquisitions, recapitalizations, and restructurings. He has underwritten scores of debt capital market transactions, and has been involved in all stages of debt issuance, including origination, structuring, and syndication. Mr. Van Zijl has deep experience with leveraged loans, high-yield bonds, bridge financing, and mezzanine and distressed debt. His experience includes leading the debtor-in-possession (DIP) financing for the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy and working on such notable restructuring transactions as Xerox and Solectron.</p> <p>As president of RVZ Strategic Advisors, Mr. Van Zijl consults on topics related to private equity and credit financings in the insurance, lease finance, and asset management industries. Previously, as a managing director at Fortress Investment Group, he evaluated and underwrote investment opportunities in distressed assets, in the specialty finance, media, and infrastructure industries.</p> <p>Mr. Van Zijl founded and headed the leveraged finance business at Barclays Capital, where he oversaw all noninvestment-grade credit origination and private equity and credit investing in the United States. In that role, he also chaired the firm’s Americas Credit Committee and served on the Americas Investment Banking and Global Investment Committees. Before joining Barclays, Mr. Van Zijl was a managing director at Goldman Sachs, with responsibility for all due diligence, structuring, underwriting, and approval processes for subject transactions in the leveraged finance group.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="grid-col grid-col-1of1"> <div class="grid-col-inner"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/experts/frederick-van-zijl/" class="btn-primary btn grd-btn">View Bio</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="text-center cmp-big-button"> <a class="btn big-button" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/experts/?keyword=&expertise%5B%5D=2189&letter=&order=#listing-section-block">View All Practice Experts</a> </div> </section> <script type="text/javascript"> function submitForm(str) { document.getElementById("myForm").action = str; document.getElementById("myForm").submit(); } </script> <section class="not-print tabbed-listing" id="2"> <div class="container"> <div class="row justify-content-center"> <div class="col-sm-8 title-section text-center"> <h2>Bankruptcy and Financial Distress Capabilities</h2> <div class="large-para"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row tabbed-listing-container"> <div class="col-lg-6"> <div class="tab-nav-container"> <a class="nav-tabs-dropdown vertical-tab-trriger"> <img src="" class="tab-img"> <span class="vertical-tab-text-active">tab</span> </a> <ul class="nav nav-tabs" id="tabLisitng" role="tablist"> <li class="nav-item" role="presentation"> <a class="nav-link active" id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab1" data-toggle="tab" href="#home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-1" role="tab" aria-selected="true"> Fraudulent Transfer</a> </li> <li class="nav-item" role="presentation"> <a class="nav-link " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab2" data-toggle="tab" href="#home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-2" role="tab" aria-selected="false"> Securities and ERISA</a> </li> <li class="nav-item" role="presentation"> <a class="nav-link " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab3" data-toggle="tab" href="#home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-3" role="tab" aria-selected="false"> Lender Issues</a> </li> <li class="nav-item" role="presentation"> <a class="nav-link " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab4" data-toggle="tab" href="#home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-4" role="tab" aria-selected="false"> Deepening Insolvency</a> </li> <li class="nav-item" role="presentation"> <a class="nav-link " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab5" data-toggle="tab" href="#home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-5" role="tab" aria-selected="false"> Distressed Asset Valuation</a> </li> <li class="nav-item" role="presentation"> <a class="nav-link " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab6" data-toggle="tab" href="#home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-6" role="tab" aria-selected="false"> Piercing the Corporate Veil</a> </li> <li class="nav-item" role="presentation"> <a class="nav-link " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab7" data-toggle="tab" href="#home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-7" role="tab" aria-selected="false"> Failed Financial Institutions</a> </li> <li class="nav-item" role="presentation"> <a class="nav-link " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab8" data-toggle="tab" href="#home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-8" role="tab" aria-selected="false"> Auditor Liability</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-6"> <div class="tab-content" id="tabLisitngContent"> <div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-1" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab1"> <div class="text-block regular-para"> <p>Cornerstone Research has experience in fraudulent transfer litigation brought by bankruptcy trustees and creditors of distressed companies. We have analyzed whether:</p> <ul> <li>The company received a reasonably equivalent value in the transaction at issue.</li> <li>The company was insolvent on the date of the transaction at issue.</li> <li>The company becomes insolvent as a result of the transaction at issue.</li> <li>The transaction left the company with an unreasonably small amount of capital.</li> <li>The company incurred debts beyond a company’s ability to repay in connection with the transaction.</li> </ul> <p>We have also analyzed whether:</p> <ul> <li>A single counterparty had excessive influence on a company’s decision making.</li> <li>Boards of directors received sufficient information to make decisions.</li> <li>Risk management efforts provided inadequate protection against a counterparty bankruptcy.</li> <li>The company made adequate disclosures related to possible financial distress.</li> </ul> <p>&nbsp;</p> </div> <div class="bottom-action"> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane fade " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab2"> <div class="text-block regular-para"> <p>Our experience includes a variety of securities and ERISA litigation related to bankrupt companies and distressed securities. We have addressed the oversight role provided by pension plan trustees and the roles of other parties involved in pension plan advice and administration.</p> </div> <div class="bottom-action"> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane fade " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-3" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab3"> <div class="text-block regular-para"> <p>Our staff have addressed the full spectrum of lender issues arising during and after bankruptcy proceedings, including challenges by unsecured creditors, equitable subordination motions, liquidation financing, the fiduciary duty of trustees and receiverships, bond defaults, loan foreclosures, and rating downgrades. We have valued loan portfolios on a historical basis and evaluated lenders’ risk positions, among other sophisticated fixed-income analyses..</p> </div> <div class="bottom-action"> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane fade " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-4" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab4"> <div class="text-block regular-para"> <p>In several deepening-insolvency matters we have worked on, plaintiffs have alleged that defendants’ misconduct delayed the bankruptcy filing, during which time the corporation’s debt continued to mount. We have applied rigorous approaches grounded in corporate finance theory and analyses of facts and circumstances in these cases.</p> </div> <div class="bottom-action"> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane fade " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-5" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab5"> <div class="text-block regular-para"> <p>Companies operating in the zone of financial distress present unique valuation challenges because the future value of their securities is much more uncertain than those of companies not operating in a zone of financial distress. In addition, future values of securities may follow nonlinear patterns that can make traditional valuation approaches unreliable. In many such cases, we use option-pricing approaches to arrive at estimates of value.</p> <p>Valuing complex assets with option-like characteristics often requires using computer-intensive simulation methods instead of traditional formulas such as the Black-Scholes model. Cornerstone Research has worked with experts to build complex valuation and damages models for a range of assets with option-like characteristics.</p> </div> <div class="bottom-action"> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane fade " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-6" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab6"> <div class="text-block regular-para"> <p>Cornerstone Research has investigated whether a corporate parent and subsidiary have established themselves as genuinely separate entities. This work has included analyses of whether and to what extent assets and business functions were comingled and comparisons of how financial statements represented transactions by and between the entities. Our staff have also assessed how the parent and its subsidiary were financed historically, and how their capital structures evolved over time.</p> </div> <div class="bottom-action"> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane fade " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-7" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab7"> <div class="text-block regular-para"> <p>We have consulted on litigation surrounding distressed financial institutions, including suits and seizures by regulators. We have analyzed the causes of these firms’ failures, assessing the extent to which losses resulted from the companies’ own strategies and procedures versus industry and macroeconomic events. We have also conducted studies on whether regulators and management would have acted differently in the absence of various factors. And we have calculated the value of failed firms’ assets and liquidity positions at different points in time.</p> </div> <div class="bottom-action"> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane fade " id="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-8" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-7d30a9c3-898f-442a-acfe-6488ebd478e3-tab8"> <div class="text-block regular-para"> <p>We have assessed whether and to what extent a company’s losses or failures result from any actions by auditors. These analyses have included identifying possible weaknesses in processes for internal controls, whether delayed or prolonged audits affected the firm’s performance, and how different actions by the auditors may have affected the decision making of managers, boards of directors, shareholders, or creditors. Our work has also included matters of compliance with different accounting standards, along with regulatory proceedings related to auditing.</p> </div> <div class="bottom-action"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="not-print case-studies" id="3"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 title-section text-center mb-md-2"> <h2>Featured Cases</h2> </div> </div> </div> <div class="case-study-slider-container nav-btn-slider slick-slider-nav-center"> <div class="case-study-slides"> <div class="case-container-block"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/in-re-tesla-motors-inc-stockholder-litigation/" class="full-link"></a> <span class="small-label">Case</span> <div class="large-para"> <p>In re Tesla Motors Inc. Stockholder Litigation</p> </div> <div class="regular-para"> Rick Van Zijl’s trial testimony cited extensively in Delaware Court of Chancery ruling in favor of Elon Musk. </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/in-re-tesla-motors-inc-stockholder-litigation/" class="inline-btn">Learn More</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="case-study-slides"> <div class="case-container-block"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/bankruptcy-valuation-of-a-start-up-company/" class="full-link"></a> <span class="small-label">Case</span> <div class="large-para"> <p>Bankruptcy Valuation of a Start-Up Company</p> </div> <div class="regular-para"> Defense counsel for a start-up firm retained Cornerstone Research and David Smith of the University of Virginia to analyze the potential implicatio... </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/bankruptcy-valuation-of-a-start-up-company/" class="inline-btn">Learn More</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="case-study-slides"> <div class="case-container-block"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/aeropostale-inc-et-al/" class="full-link"></a> <span class="small-label">Case</span> <div class="large-para"> <p>Aéropostale Inc. et al.</p> </div> <div class="regular-para"> The court denied Aéropostale’s motion for equitable subordination, and Sycamore and its affiliate were the prevailing parties in the litigation. </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/aeropostale-inc-et-al/" class="inline-btn">Learn More</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="case-study-slides"> <div class="case-container-block"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/unsecured-creditors-of-iridium-v-motorola-inc/" class="full-link"></a> <span class="small-label">Case</span> <div class="large-para"> <p>Unsecured Creditors of Iridium v. Motorola, Inc.</p> </div> <div class="regular-para"> In litigation arising from the high-profile bankruptcy of Iridium, a global provider of satellite telecommunications services, plaintiffs alleged t... </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/unsecured-creditors-of-iridium-v-motorola-inc/" class="inline-btn">Learn More</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="case-study-slides"> <div class="case-container-block"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/damages-resulting-from-investments-in-cdos/" class="full-link"></a> <span class="small-label">Case</span> <div class="large-para"> <p>Damages Resulting from Investments in CDOs</p> </div> <div class="regular-para"> Cornerstone Research was retained by counsel representing a brokerage firm that was accused of selling risky, unsuitable collateralized debt obliga... </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/damages-resulting-from-investments-in-cdos/" class="inline-btn">Learn More</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="case-study-slides"> <div class="case-container-block"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/air-communications-v-echostar/" class="full-link"></a> <span class="small-label">Case</span> <div class="large-para"> <p>Air Communications & Satellite, Inc. v. EchoStar Satellite Corp.</p> </div> <div class="regular-para"> In 2007, Echostar Communications Corp. (the Parent) decided to spin off some of its satellite assets to Echostar Corp. and change its name to DISH ... </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/air-communications-v-echostar/" class="inline-btn">Learn More</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="case-study-slides"> <div class="case-container-block"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/domin-8-enterprise-solutions-inc/" class="full-link"></a> <span class="small-label">Case</span> <div class="large-para"> <p>In re Domin-8 Enterprise Solutions Inc.</p> </div> <div class="regular-para"> Cornerstone Research and Professor David Stowell of Northwestern University were retained by counsel for RealPage and performed valuation analyses ... </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/domin-8-enterprise-solutions-inc/" class="inline-btn">Learn More</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="case-study-slides"> <div class="case-container-block"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/bond-default/" class="full-link"></a> <span class="small-label">Case</span> <div class="large-para"> <p>Bond Default</p> </div> <div class="regular-para"> In the largest municipal bond default case ever litigated, Cornerstone Research staff supported and coordinated the work of five experts on a varie... </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/bond-default/" class="inline-btn">Learn More</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="case-study-slides"> <div class="case-container-block"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/worlds-of-wonder-securities-litigation/" class="full-link"></a> <span class="small-label">Case</span> <div class="large-para"> <p>Worlds of Wonder Securities Litigation</p> </div> <div class="regular-para"> Plaintiffs filed a class action alleging Section 11 and Rule 10b-5 violations. </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/worlds-of-wonder-securities-litigation/" class="inline-btn">Learn More</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="case-study-slides"> <div class="case-container-block"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/auditor-liability-following-client-bankruptcy/" class="full-link"></a> <span class="small-label">Case</span> <div class="large-para"> <p>Auditor Liability Following Client Bankruptcy</p> </div> <div class="regular-para"> Counsel for a large auditing firm retained Cornerstone Research in an action arising from the bankruptcy of one of the auditor’s clients. </div> <div class="bottom-action mt-3"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/cases/auditor-liability-following-client-bankruptcy/" class="inline-btn">Learn More</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container mt-md-5 mt-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 text-center"> <a href="/about/cases?category%5B%5D=bankruptcy-and-financial-distress&#038;order=" class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" target="_self"><span>View All</span></a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="not-print featured-expert padding-md" id="4"> <div class="container"> <div class="row justify-content-center"> <div class="col-xl-5 "> <div class="pr-xl-5 regular-para text-block pb-3 pb-xl-0 pr-xl-5"> <h2>Selected Professionals</h2> <p><p>Our staff consultants contribute expertise in economics, finance, accounting, and marketing, as well as business acumen, familiarity with the litigation process, and a commitment to provide outstanding support.</p> </p> <div class="bottom-action desktop-show"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/professionals/?keyword=&#038;expertise%5B%5D=2189&#038;letter=&#038;order=alp#listing-section-block" class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" target="_self"><span>View Selected Professionals</span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-xl-5"> <div class="featured-container grid"> <ul> <li> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/professionals/frank-schneider/"></a> <div class="featured-img-text"> <div class="expert-img lazyload" style="background-image:inherit;" data-bg-image="url(&#039;https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Frank-Schnieder.png&#039;)"></div> <h6>Frank Schneider</h6> <div class="expert-text"><p>Vice President</p> </div> </div> </li> <li> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/professionals/allie-schwartz/"></a> <div class="featured-img-text"> <div class="expert-img lazyload" style="background-image:inherit;" data-bg-image="url(&#039;https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Allie-Schwartz.png&#039;)"></div> <h6>Allie Schwartz</h6> <div class="expert-text"><p>Vice President</p> </div> </div> </li> <li> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/professionals/paul-zurek/"></a> <div class="featured-img-text"> <div class="expert-img lazyload" style="background-image:inherit;" data-bg-image="url(&#039;https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Paul-Zurek.png&#039;)"></div> <h6>Paul Zurek</h6> <div class="expert-text"><p>Vice President,<br /> Cornerstone Research</p> </div> </div> </li> <li> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/professionals/ronnie-barnes/"></a> <div class="featured-img-text"> <div class="expert-img lazyload" style="background-image:inherit;" data-bg-image="url(&#039;https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Ronnie-Barnes.png&#039;)"></div> <h6>Ronnie Barnes</h6> <div class="expert-text"><p>Vice President</p> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="bottom-action mobile-show mt-4 text-center"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/professionals/?keyword=&#038;expertise%5B%5D=2189&#038;letter=&#038;order=alp#listing-section-block" class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" target="_self"><span>View Selected Professionals</span></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class=" not-print latest-content" id="5"> <div class="container"> <div class="align-items-center row"> <div class="col-md-8 title-section"> <h2>Featured Publications</h2> </div> <div class="col-md-4 text-md-right text-center"> <a href="/insights/?category%5B%5D=bankruptcy-and-financial-distress&#038;order=" class="inline-btn" target="_self"><span>View All</span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="latest-content-slidercontainer"> <div class="latest-block-slider"> <div class="latest-slides"> <div class="flex-block"> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/press-releases/continued-increase-in-large-corporate-bankruptcy-filings/"></a> <span class="small-label">2 October 2024</span> <h3>Rising Costs from High Inflation and Interest Rates Contribute to a Continued Increase in Large Corporate Bankruptcy Filings through the First Half of 2024</h3> <div class="small-para"> <p>Filings in the services, manufacturing, finance, insurance, and real estate industries contribute to year-over-year increase.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="latest-slides"> <div class="flex-block"> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/reports/trends-in-large-corporate-bankruptcy-and-financial-distress-midyear-2024-update/"></a> <span class="small-label">2 October 2024</span> <h3>Trends in Large Corporate Bankruptcy and Financial Distress—Midyear 2024 Update</h3> <div class="small-para"> <p>Large corporate bankruptcy filings continued to climb in the latter half of 2023 through the first half of 2024.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="latest-slides"> <div class="flex-block"> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/reports/trends-in-large-corporate-bankruptcy-and-financial-distress/"></a> <span class="small-label">17 September 2024</span> <h3>Trends in Large Corporate Bankruptcy and Financial Distress</h3> <div class="small-para"> <p>This report examines trends in Chapter 7 and Chapter 11 bankruptcy filings.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="latest-slides"> <div class="flex-block"> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/press-releases/large-corporate-bankruptcy-filings-surged-in-first-half-of-2023/"></a> <span class="small-label">26 September 2023</span> <h3>Large Corporate Bankruptcy Filings Surged in First Half of 2023</h3> <div class="small-para"> <p>Increase in large corporate bankruptcy filings driven by companies in retail trade, services, and manufacturing.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="latest-slides"> <div class="flex-block"> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/reports/trends-in-large-corporate-bankruptcy-and-financial-distress-midyear-2023-update/"></a> <span class="small-label">26 September 2023</span> <h3>Trends in Large Corporate Bankruptcy and Financial Distress—Midyear 2023 Update</h3> <div class="small-para"> <p>The increase in large corporate bankruptcies in the first half of 2023 marked a reversal from a gradual decline in filings since the start of 2021.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="latest-slides"> <div class="flex-block"> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/articles/banking-industry/"></a> <span class="small-label">18 May 2023</span> <h3>Banking Industry</h3> <div class="small-para"> <p>A look at recent events in the banking industry, what is new and what is familiar.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="latest-slides"> <div class="flex-block"> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/press-releases/2023-wwl-thought-leaders-usa-commercial-litigation-expert-witnesses/"></a> <span class="small-label">27 January 2023</span> <h3>2023 WWL: Thought Leaders USA – Commercial Litigation – Expert Witnesses</h3> <div class="small-para"> <p>Ilya Strebulaev of Stanford Graduate School of Business (GSB) is recognized among expert witnesses in U.S. commercial litigation.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="latest-slides"> <div class="flex-block"> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/articles/interview-with-ilya-strebulaev/"></a> <span class="small-label">19 January 2023</span> <h3>Q&#038;A with Ilya Strebulaev</h3> <div class="small-para"> <p>WWL interviewed Professor Strebulaev about expert witness work, venture capital trends, and advice he gives to developing corporate finance experts.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="latest-slides"> <div class="flex-block"> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/press-releases/large-corporate-bankruptcy-filings-continue-to-decrease-through-first-half-of-2022/"></a> <span class="small-label">7 September 2022</span> <h3>Large Corporate Bankruptcy Filings Continue to Decrease through First Half of 2022</h3> <div class="small-para"> <p>Most industry groups saw bankruptcy filings decline from mid-2020 pandemic highs.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="latest-slides"> <div class="flex-block"> <a class="full-link" href="https://www.cornerstone.com/insights/reports/trends-in-large-corporate-bankruptcy-and-financial-distress-midyear-2022-update/"></a> <span class="small-label">6 September 2022</span> <h3>Trends in Large Corporate Bankruptcy and Financial Distress—Midyear 2022 Update</h3> <div class="small-para"> <p>Following the spike in large corporate bankruptcy filings triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, filings in 2021 and the first half of 2022 fell to le...</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="not-print full-width-cta" id=""> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8"> <div class="text-block large-para"> <h2>How can we help you? </h2> <p>For more information or assistance with a specific matter, please contact us.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 full-width-cta-img"> <div class="bg-img lazyload" style="background-image:inherit;" data-bg-image="url(&#039;https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/iStock-12986921271.jpg&#039;)"></div> <a href="/contact-us/" class="btn-primary btn grd-btn btn-white-text" target="_self"><span>Contact Us</span></a> </div> </section> </div> </main> <!-- <div class="print-footer" id="footer-print" style="display:none; width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 70%; font-size: 13px; float: left;"> Copyright © 2021 Cornerstone Research. All Rights Reserved. </div> <div style="width: 30%; font-size: 13px; float: right; text-align: right; padding-right: 10px !important;"> <a href="www.cornerstone.com">www.cornerstone.com</a> </div> </div> --> <div class="back-to-top-container"> <a href="#" class="back-to-top" id="backtotop">Back to Top</a> </div> <footer id="footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="align-items-center justify-content-between row"> <div class="col-lg-4"> <a href="https://www.cornerstone.com/" class="footer-brand" ><img data-src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/footer-logo.svg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" class="lazyload"><noscript><img src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/footer-logo.svg"></noscript></a> </div> <div class="col-lg-8"> <div class="footer-links"> <div class="menu-footer-1-container"> <ul id="footer1" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-521" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-521"><a href="/about/about-us/">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-522" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-522"><a href="/experts">Experts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-523" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-523"><a href="/professionals">Professionals</a></li> <li id="menu-item-526" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-526"><a href="/insights">Insights</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container bottom-footer-module"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-5"> <div class="foo-logo-container"> <div class="footer-text-block"> <p>Copyright © 2024 Cornerstone Research All Rights Reserved.</p> <p><a href="/conditions-terms-of-use/">Terms of Use</a> | <a href="/privacy-policy-cookies/">Privacy Policy</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-7"> <div class="bottom-flex-block"> <div class="footer-button-container"> <a href="/europe" target="_self" class="btn btn-primary grd-btn">Europe</a> <a href="/careers" target="_self" class="btn btn-primary grd-btn">Careers</a> <a href="/contact-us" target="_self" class="btn btn-primary grd-btn">Contact</a> </div> <div class="foo-social-container"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/cornerstone-research" target="_blank" ><i class="icon-linkedin1"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/CornerstoneResearchInc/" target="_blank" ><i class="icon-facebook1"></i></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="cornerstone-modals"> <div class="modal fade" role="dialog" id="careers-apply-analyst" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title">Apply for the Analyst Position</h5> <button type="button" class="close modal-close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <i class="icon-clear"></i> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p>For undergraduates and graduate students or degree holders: Please choose the appropriate link below if you are applying to roles based in the US, the UK, or Belgium. Please note US based students will not be considered for UK or Belgium job openings. We look forward to learning more about you!</p> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <a class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" href="https://ug-chire.icims.com/jobs/search?ss=1" target="_blank"> Apply in US </a> <a class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" href="https://uguk-chire.icims.com/jobs/search?ss=1" target="_blank"> Apply in UK </a> <a class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" href="https://ugbe-chire.icims.com/jobs/search?ss=1" target="_blank"> Apply in BE </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="modal fade" role="dialog" id="careers-apply-associate" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title">Apply for the Associate Position</h5> <button type="button" class="close modal-close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <i class="icon-clear"></i> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p>For M.B.A. and Ph.D. students or degree holders: Please choose the appropriate link below if you are applying to roles based in the US, the UK, or Belgium. We look forward to learning more about you!</p> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <a class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" href="https://grad-chire.icims.com/jobs/search?ss=1" target="_blank"> Apply in US </a> <a class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" href="https://graduk-chire.icims.com/jobs/search?ss=1" target="_blank"> Apply in UK </a> <a class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" href="https://gradbe-chire.icims.com/jobs/search?ss=1" target="_blank"> Apply in BE </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="modal fade" role="dialog" id="careers-apply-corp-admin" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title">Apply for Corporate/<wbr>Administrative Positions</h5> <button type="button" class="close modal-close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <i class="icon-clear"></i> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p>Cornerstone Research offers a variety of exciting corporate and administrative roles across our nine locations. View our open positions in the United States (US) or the United Kingdom (UK) by selecting the applicable country below. We look forward to learning more about you!</p> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <a class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" href="https://corpadmin-chire.icims.com/jobs/search?ss=1" target="_blank"> Apply in US </a> <a class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" href="https://corpadminuk-chire.icims.com/jobs/search?ss=1" target="_blank"> Apply in UK </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="modal fade" role="dialog" id="careers-apply-experienced-consulting" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title">Apply for Experienced Consultant Roles</h5> <button type="button" class="close modal-close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <i class="icon-clear"></i> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p>For experienced consultants and data science professionals: Please choose the appropriate link below if you are applying to roles based in the US, the UK, or Belgium. We look forward to learning more about you!</p> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <a class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" href="https://exp-chire.icims.com/jobs/search?ss=1" target="_blank"> Apply in US </a> <a class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" href="https://expuk-chire.icims.com/jobs/search?ss=1" target="_blank"> Apply in UK </a> <a class="btn btn-primary grd-btn" href="https://expbe-chire.icims.com/jobs/search?ss=1" target="_blank"> Apply in BE </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/slick-carousel@1.8.1/slick/slick.min.js"></script> <script> var relevanssi_rt_regex = /(&|\?)_(rt|rt_nonce)=(\w+)/g var newUrl = window.location.search.replace(relevanssi_rt_regex, '') history.replaceState(null, null, window.location.pathname + newUrl + window.location.hash) </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MV72J5J" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --><div class="wt-cli-cookie-bar-container" data-nosnippet="true"><!--googleoff: all--><div id="cookie-law-info-bar" role="dialog" aria-live="polite" aria-label="cookieconsent" aria-describedby="wt-cli-cookie-banner" data-cli-geo-loc="0" style="" class="wt-cli-cookie-bar"><div class="cli-wrapper"><span id="wt-cli-cookie-banner"><div class="cli-bar-container cli-style-v2"><div class="cli-bar-message">We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. By clicking “Accept All,” you consent to the use of all cookies. To learn more, consult our <a href="/privacy-policy-cookies/">Cookie Statement</a>.<br><div class="wt-cli-ccpa-element"> <a style="color:#333333;" role="button" class="wt-cli-ccpa-opt-out">Do not sell my personal information</a>.</div></div><div class="cli-bar-btn_container"><a id="wt-cli-settings-btn" tabindex="0" role='button' style="margin:0px 10px 0px 5px; border-color:rgb(51, 51, 51);" class="wt-cli-element medium cli-plugin-button cli-plugin-main-button cli_settings_button" >Cookie Settings</a> <a id="wt-cli-reject-btn" tabindex="0" role='button' style="border-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="wt-cli-element large cli-plugin-button cli-plugin-main-button cookie_action_close_header_reject cli_action_button" data-cli_action="reject">Reject All</a> <a id="wt-cli-accept-btn" tabindex="0" role='button' style="border-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);" data-cli_action="accept" class="wt-cli-element large cli-plugin-button cli-plugin-main-button cookie_action_close_header cli_action_button" >Accept All</a></div></div></span></div></div><div tabindex="0" id="cookie-law-info-again" style="display:none;"><span id="cookie_hdr_showagain">Manage consent</span></div><div class="cli-modal" id="cliSettingsPopup" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-privacy-title" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="cli-modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="cli-modal-content cli-bar-popup"> <button aria-label="Close" type="button" class="cli-modal-close" id="cliModalClose"> <svg class="" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41l-1.41-1.41-5.59 5.59-5.59-5.59-1.41 1.41 5.59 5.59-5.59 5.59 1.41 1.41 5.59-5.59 5.59 5.59 1.41-1.41-5.59-5.59z"></path><path d="M0 0h24v24h-24z" fill="none"></path></svg> <span class="wt-cli-sr-only">Close</span> </button> <div class="cli-modal-body"> <div class="wt-cli-element cli-container-fluid cli-tab-container"> <div class="cli-row"> <div class="cli-col-12 cli-align-items-stretch cli-px-0"> <div class="cli-privacy-overview"> <h4 id='wt-cli-privacy-title'>Privacy Overview</h4> <div class="cli-privacy-content"> <div class="cli-privacy-content-text">This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience.<br /> <br /> <div class="cli-bar-btn_container"><br /> <a id="wt-cli-reject-btn" tabindex="0" role='button' style="border-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="wt-cli-element large cli-plugin-button cli-plugin-main-button cookie_action_close_header_reject cli_action_button" data-cli_action="reject">Reject All</a> <a id="wt-cli-accept-btn" tabindex="0" role='button' style="border-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);" data-cli_action="accept" class="wt-cli-element large cli-plugin-button cli-plugin-main-button cookie_action_close_header cli_action_button" >Accept All</a><br /> </div></div> </div> <a id="wt-cli-privacy-readmore" tabindex="0" role="button" class="cli-privacy-readmore" data-readmore-text="Show more" data-readless-text="Show less"></a> </div> </div> <div class="cli-col-12 cli-align-items-stretch cli-px-0 cli-tab-section-container" role="tablist"> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a id="wt-cli-tab-link-necessary" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-expanded="false" aria-describedby="wt-cli-tab-necessary" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-necessary" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="necessary" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Necessary </a> <div class="wt-cli-necessary-checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-necessary" aria-label="Necessary" data-id="checkbox-necessary" checked="checked" /> <label class="form-check-label" for="wt-cli-checkbox-necessary"> Necessary </label> </div> <span class="cli-necessary-caption"> Always Enabled </span> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div id="wt-cli-tab-necessary" tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-necessary" class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="necessary"> <div class="wt-cli-cookie-description">Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. <table class="wt-cli-element cookielawinfo-row-cat-table cookielawinfo-winter"><thead><tr><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-1">Cookie</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-3">Duration</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">AWSELB</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">session</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Associated with Amazon Web Services and created by Elastic Load Balancing, AWSELB cookie is used to manage sticky sessions across production servers.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-analytics</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">11 months</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-functional</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">11 months</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-necessary</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">11 months</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-performance</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">11 months</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">CookieLawInfoConsent</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 year</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">CookieYes sets this cookie to record the default button state of the corresponding category and the status of CCPA. It works only in coordination with the primary cookie.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">viewed_cookie_policy</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">11 months</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. It does not store any personal data.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a id="wt-cli-tab-link-functional" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-expanded="false" aria-describedby="wt-cli-tab-functional" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-functional" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="functional" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Functional </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-functional" aria-label="functional" data-id="checkbox-functional" role="switch" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-link-functional" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-functional" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-functional" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">functional</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div id="wt-cli-tab-functional" tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-functional" class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="functional"> <div class="wt-cli-cookie-description">Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. <table class="wt-cli-element cookielawinfo-row-cat-table cookielawinfo-winter"><thead><tr><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-1">Cookie</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-3">Duration</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">__cf_bm</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">30 minutes</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie, set by Cloudflare, is used to support Cloudflare Bot Management.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">_cfuvid</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">session</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">The _cfuvid cookie is used to allow the Cloudflare WAF to distinguish individual users who share the same IP address. Visitors who do not provide the cookie are likely to be grouped together and may not be able to access the site if there are many other visitors from the same IP address.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cf_clearance</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 year</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">The cf_clearance cookie is used by Cloudflare to verify that visitors have successfully passed a security challenge and can access the website.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">PBSECURESUSID</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">session</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie is set by the provider Podbean. This is a session cookie used to verify that the users are on secure sessions. It helps iin implementing audio files on the website.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">wpEmojiSettingsSupports</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">session</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">WordPress sets this cookie when a user interacts with emojis on a WordPress site. It helps determine if the user's browser can display emojis properly.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a id="wt-cli-tab-link-performance" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-expanded="false" aria-describedby="wt-cli-tab-performance" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-performance" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="performance" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Performance </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-performance" aria-label="performance" data-id="checkbox-performance" role="switch" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-link-performance" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-performance" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-performance" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">performance</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div id="wt-cli-tab-performance" tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-performance" class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="performance"> <div class="wt-cli-cookie-description">Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. <table class="wt-cli-element cookielawinfo-row-cat-table cookielawinfo-winter"><thead><tr><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-1">Cookie</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-3">Duration</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">AWSELBCORS</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">5 minutes</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie is used by Elastic Load Balancing from Amazon Web Services to effectively balance load on the servers.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a id="wt-cli-tab-link-analytics" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-expanded="false" aria-describedby="wt-cli-tab-analytics" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-analytics" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="analytics" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Analytics </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-analytics" aria-label="analytics" data-id="checkbox-analytics" role="switch" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-link-analytics" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-analytics" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-analytics" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">analytics</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div id="wt-cli-tab-analytics" tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-analytics" class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="analytics"> <div class="wt-cli-cookie-description">Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. <table class="wt-cli-element cookielawinfo-row-cat-table cookielawinfo-winter"><thead><tr><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-1">Cookie</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-3">Duration</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">_ga</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">2 years</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">The _ga cookie, installed by Google Analytics, calculates visitor, session and campaign data and also keeps track of site usage for the site's analytics report. The cookie stores information anonymously and assigns a randomly generated number to recognize unique visitors.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">_ga_*</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 year 1 month 4 days</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Google Analytics sets this cookie to store and count page views.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">_gat_UA-*</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 minute</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Google Analytics sets this cookie for user behaviour tracking.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">_gat_UA-12672498-1</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 minute</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">A variation of the _gat cookie set by Google Analytics and Google Tag Manager to allow website owners to track visitor behaviour and measure site performance. The pattern element in the name contains the unique identity number of the account or website it relates to.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">_gid</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 day</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Installed by Google Analytics, _gid cookie stores information on how visitors use a website, while also creating an analytics report of the website's performance. Some of the data that are collected include the number of visitors, their source, and the pages they visit anonymously.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">vuid</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">2 years</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Vimeo-generated ID used for generating analytics information for the video owner.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-modal-footer"> <div class="wt-cli-element cli-container-fluid cli-tab-container"> <div class="cli-row"> <div class="cli-col-12 cli-align-items-stretch cli-px-0"> <div class="cli-tab-footer wt-cli-privacy-overview-actions"> <a id="wt-cli-privacy-save-btn" role="button" tabindex="0" data-cli-action="accept" class="wt-cli-privacy-btn cli_setting_save_button wt-cli-privacy-accept-btn cli-btn">Confirm My Choices</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-modal-backdrop cli-fade cli-settings-overlay"></div> <div class="cli-modal-backdrop cli-fade cli-popupbar-overlay"></div> <!--googleon: all--></div> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ cli_cookiebar_settings='{"animate_speed_hide":"500","animate_speed_show":"500","background":"rgb(255, 255, 255)","border":"#b1a6a6c2","border_on":false,"button_1_button_colour":"rgb(97, 162, 41)","button_1_button_hover":"rgb(97, 162, 41)","button_1_link_colour":"rgb(255, 255, 255)","button_1_as_button":true,"button_1_new_win":false,"button_2_button_colour":"rgb(51, 51, 51)","button_2_button_hover":"rgb(51, 51, 51)","button_2_link_colour":"#444","button_2_as_button":true,"button_2_hidebar":false,"button_2_nofollow":false,"button_3_button_colour":"rgb(97, 162, 41)","button_3_button_hover":"rgb(97, 162, 41)","button_3_link_colour":"rgb(255, 255, 255)","button_3_as_button":true,"button_3_new_win":false,"button_4_button_colour":"rgb(222, 223, 224)","button_4_button_hover":"rgb(222, 223, 224)","button_4_link_colour":"rgb(51, 51, 51)","button_4_as_button":true,"button_7_button_colour":"rgb(97, 162, 41)","button_7_button_hover":"rgb(97, 162, 41)","button_7_link_colour":"#fff","button_7_as_button":true,"button_7_new_win":false,"font_family":"inherit","header_fix":false,"notify_animate_hide":true,"notify_animate_show":false,"notify_div_id":"#cookie-law-info-bar","notify_position_horizontal":"right","notify_position_vertical":"bottom","scroll_close":false,"scroll_close_reload":false,"accept_close_reload":true,"reject_close_reload":true,"showagain_tab":true,"showagain_background":"#fff","showagain_border":"#000","showagain_div_id":"#cookie-law-info-again","showagain_x_position":"100px","text":"#333333","show_once_yn":false,"show_once":"10000","logging_on":true,"as_popup":false,"popup_overlay":true,"bar_heading_text":"","cookie_bar_as":"banner","cookie_setting_popup":true,"accept_all":true,"js_script_blocker":false,"popup_showagain_position":"bottom-right","widget_position":"left","button_1_style":{"2":["border-color","rgb(255, 255, 255)"]},"button_2_style":[],"button_3_style":{"2":["border-color","rgb(255, 255, 255)"]},"button_4_style":{"0":["margin","0px 10px 0px 5px"],"3":["border-color","rgb(51, 51, 51)"]},"button_5_style":[["background-color","rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)"]],"button_7_style":[],"accept_close_page_navigation":false}'; /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cookie-law-info-table-css' href='https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/uploads/autoptimize/css/autoptimize_single_697940a6c7f0ae978d20f7cd9d957bcc.css?ver=2.4.0' media='all' /> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/js/custom-js.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-custom-js-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/js/select2.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-select2-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/components/popper.min.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-popper-min-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/components/bootstrap.min.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-bootstrap-min-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/js/home-animation.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-home-animation-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/js/lottie-animation.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-lottie-animation-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/js/slick.min.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-slick-min-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/js/isotope.pkgd.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-isotope-pkgd-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/js/wow.min.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-wow-min-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/js/lity.min.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-lity-min-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/js/waypoints.min.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-waypoints-min-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/js/sticky.min.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_sticky-js-min-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/themes/cornerstone_research/html/app/assets/js/scripts.min.js?ver=1.0.13" id="cornerstone_research-scripts-min-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-smush-pro/app/assets/js/smush-lazy-load.min.js?ver=3.16.9" id="smush-lazy-load-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-includes/js/hoverIntent.min.js?ver=1.10.2" id="hoverIntent-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cornerstone.com/wp-content/plugins/megamenu/js/maxmegamenu.js?ver=3.4.1" id="megamenu-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function($, window, document, undefined) { $(".email-d").each(function(){ var name = $(this).data("name"); var domain = $(this).data("domain"); $(this).html("<i class='icon-envelope'></i><a href=mailto:" + name + "@" + domain + ">" + name + "@" + domain + "</a>"); }); $(".email-dl").each(function(){ var name = $(this).data("name"); var domain = $(this).data("domain"); $(this).html("<a href=mailto:" + name + "@" + domain + "><i class='icon-envelope'></i></a>"); }); $(".email-dc").each(function(){ var name = $(this).data("name"); var domain = $(this).data("domain"); $(this).html("<a href=mailto:" + name + "@" + domain + "></a>"); }); $(".email-de").each(function(){ var name = $(this).data("name"); var domain = $(this).data("domain"); $(this).html("<a href=mailto:" + name + "@" + domain + ">" + name + "@" + domain + "</a>"); }); $(".phone-d").each(function(){ var phone = $(this).data("phone"); $(this).html("<a href=tel:" + phone + ">" + phone + "</a>"); }); $(".phone-de").each(function(){ var phone = $(this).data("phone"); $(this).html("<i class='icon-phone'></i><a href=tel:" + phone + ">" + phone + "</a>"); }); $(".phone2-de").each(function(){ var phone = $(this).data("phone"); var phone2 = $(this).data("phone2"); if(phone && phone2) { $(this).html("<i class='icon-phone'></i><a href=tel:" + phone + ">" + phone + "</a> | <a href=tel:" + phone2 + ">" + phone2 + "</a>"); }else if(phone){ $(this).html("<i class='icon-phone'></i><a href=tel:" + phone + ">" + phone + "</a>"); }else if(phone2) { $(this).html("<i class='icon-phone'></i><a href=tel:" + phone2 + ">" + phone2 + "</a>"); } }); $('.breadcrumb a').each(function(){ if($(this).attr('href') == "#"){ $(this).removeAttr('href'); $(this).removeAttr('title'); } }); // $(document).on('keydown', function(e) { // console.log('keydown', e); // // if((e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey) && (e.key == "p" || e.charCode == 16 || e.charCode == 112 || e.keyCode == 80) ){ // // alert("Please use the Print PDF button below for a better rendering on the document"); // // e.cancelBubble = true; // // e.preventDefault(); // // e.stopImmediatePropagation(); // // } // }); })(jQuery); // document.addEventListener('contextmenu', event => { // var myEle = document.getElementById("print-btn-d"); // if(myEle){event.preventDefault();} // }) window.onbeforeprint = (event) => { var myEle = document.getElementById("print-btn-d"); if(myEle){document.getElementById("print-btn-d").click();event.preventDefault(); window.close();} $('body').hide(); }; window.onafterprint = (event) => { $('body').show(); }; document.body.addEventListener('keydown', event => { if((event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey) && (event.key == "p" || event.charCode == 16 || event.charCode == 112 || event.keyCode == 80) ){ // if (event.ctrlKey && 'p'.indexOf(event.key) !== -1) { var myEle = document.getElementById("print-btn-d"); if(myEle){document.getElementById("print-btn-d").click();event.preventDefault();} } }) </script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10