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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Liise-anne Pirofski</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Geneva,_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva, Switzerland">Geneva, Switzerland</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> (BA) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_College_of_Medicine" title="Albert Einstein College of Medicine">Albert Einstein College of Medicine</a> (MD)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Infectious diseases</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data">Albert Einstein College of Medicine</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Liise-anne Pirofski</b> is a Professor of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology at <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_College_of_Medicine" title="Albert Einstein College of Medicine">Albert Einstein College of Medicine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montefiore_Medical_Center" title="Montefiore Medical Center">Montefiore Medical Center</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is a Member of the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_American_Physicians" title="Association of American Physicians">Association of American Physicians</a>, and a Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Microbiology" class="mw-redirect" title="American Academy of Microbiology">American Academy of Microbiology</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_College_of_Physicians" title="American College of Physicians">American College of Physicians</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Infectious_Diseases_Society_of_America" title="Infectious Diseases Society of America">Infectious Diseases Society of America</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liise-anne_Pirofski&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pirofski grew up in <a href="/wiki/Northern_California" title="Northern California">Northern California</a>, close to <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_101_in_California" title="U.S. Route 101 in California">U.S. Route 101</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When she was a child she wanted to become an announcer for the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">San Francisco Giants</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the age of sixteen she attended <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She studied <a href="/wiki/History_of_art" title="History of art">history of art</a> and <a href="/wiki/Psychology" title="Psychology">psychology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was particularly fascinated by the different representations of the <i><a href="/wiki/Dance_of_Death" class="mw-redirect" title="Dance of Death">Dance of Death</a></i>, an artistic genre that visualises the personification of death from all walks of life. This made Pirofski interested in the impact of disease on society.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the end of her college degree she decided to pursue a career in medicine.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She received her Doctorate of Medicine (MD) at the <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_College_of_Medicine" title="Albert Einstein College of Medicine">Albert Einstein College of Medicine</a> in 1982 and trained in internal medicine at <a href="/wiki/Bellevue_Hospital" title="Bellevue Hospital">Bellevue Hospital</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time the HIV/AIDS epidemic was unfolding in the United States and many patients Pirofski and her colleagues at Bellevue cared for were suffering and dying from the disease. Her experience caring for patients with HIV/AIDS, a new disease at that time, led her to pursue a career path as a physician-scientist specializing in infectious diseases. Her clinical experiences led her to see the need for more science to understand why even when powerful and antibiotics were available, like for the pneumococcus or cryptococcus, they could not prevent the recurrence of pneumococcal or mortality from cryptococcal disease<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her experiences during her medical training inspired Pirofski to train as a scientist focused on understanding how vaccines work and immunotherapy.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She trained in the laboratory of Matthew Scharff, working on the structure and function of antibodies to encapsulated pathogens.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She joined the faculty at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_and_career">Research and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liise-anne_Pirofski&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Research and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pirofski is interested in innate and vaccine-induced immunity to encapsulated microbes.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She studies the immune response to the <a href="/wiki/Mycosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Mycosis">mycosis</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Cryptococcosis" title="Cryptococcosis">Cryptococcosis</a></i> and the bacterium <i><a href="/wiki/Streptococcus_pneumoniae" title="Streptococcus pneumoniae">Streptococcus pneumoniae</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She has explored antibody-based therapies for the treatment of infectious diseases.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 2000s, in collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Arturo_Casadevall" title="Arturo Casadevall">Arturo Casadevall</a>, Pirofski developed the ‘Damage-Response Framework’ of microbial pathogenesis; which is a theory focused on the outcome of host-microbe interaction that considers the role of both hosts and pathogens in the outcome of infectious diseases and microbial pathogenesis.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pirofski was appointed chief of the division of infectious diseases at <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_College_of_Medicine" title="Albert Einstein College of Medicine">Albert Einstein College of Medicine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montefiore_Medical_Center" title="Montefiore Medical Center">Montefiore Medical Center</a> in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> Pirofski looked to deploy convalescent plasma, a therapy with a century long history of use in epidemics, as a treatment for COVID-19.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She, along with colleagues in New York City and Connecticut, is leading a clinical trial of convalescent plasma, a form of antibody-based therapy for the disease.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The treatment involves the administration of convalescent plasma, the liquid portion of blood containing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, which is obtained from people who have recently recovered from COVID-19.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This type of treatment is being studied for its efficacy in patients who are exposed to <a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2" title="SARS-CoV-2">SARS-CoV-2</a>, as well as those suffering from <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Convalescent plasma therapy is a form of passive immunization that provides patients with antibodies to fight the disease. In the absence of a vaccine, passive immunization is a powerful way to provide antibodies and boost the immune system of people with <a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2" title="SARS-CoV-2">SARS-CoV-2</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and may remain particularly important for immunocompromised people who may not be able to mount a strong vaccine response. The treatment was approved by the Food and Drug Administration on March 24, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as of July 2020 numerous randomized controlled clinical trials of its efficacy in hospitalized patients and outpatients are ongoing. Pirofski has found the way in which recovered patients came forth to donate their plasma to treat others heartwarming and a celebration of their spirit and courage in wanting to help others and contribute to the advancement of evidence based science.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pirofski has been chief of the Division of Infectious Diseases and the Jacques and Selma Mitrani Chair in Biomedical Research at Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center since 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an article describing her career as a physician scientist, she wrote “The greatest treasure my career has brought is the opportunity to support and encourage others in their effort to make inroads in the fields of infectious diseases, immunity, and microbial pathogenesis. Although my own accomplishments and the advances to which I have contributed are very satisfying, what makes my days worthwhile is the thought that my support and encouragement might help others make discoveries that may alleviate suffering and improve human health.”<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honours">Awards and honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liise-anne_Pirofski&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Awards and honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2004 Harry Eagle Award for Outstanding Pre-Clerkship Teaching<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2006 Elected to the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Microbiology" class="mw-redirect" title="American Academy of Microbiology">American Academy of Microbiology</a><sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013 Elected to the American Association of Physicians<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013 Pirofski Wins Einstein Faculty Mentoring Award<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2014 Maxwell Finland Award Lecturer<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2015 American Society for Microbiology William A. Hinton Research Training Award<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2016 Elected Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2017 Albert Einstein College of Medicine Lifetime Achievement Award<sup id="cite_ref-:3_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Dr. Pirofski is a Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/Infectious_Diseases_Society_of_America" title="Infectious Diseases Society of America">Infectious Diseases Society of America</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/American_College_of_Physicians" title="American College of Physicians">American College of Physicians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_publications">Selected publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liise-anne_Pirofski&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Selected publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCasadevallPirofski2020" class="citation journal cs1">Casadevall, A; Pirofski, LA (1 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7108922">"The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19"</a>. <i>The Journal of Clinical Investigation</i>. <b>130</b> (4): 1545–1548. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1172%2FJCI138003">10.1172/JCI138003</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7108922">7108922</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167489">32167489</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Clinical+Investigation&rft.atitle=The+convalescent+sera+option+for+containing+COVID-19.&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1545-1548&rft.date=2020-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7108922%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32167489&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1172%2FJCI138003&rft.aulast=Casadevall&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Pirofski%2C+LA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7108922&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiise-anne+Pirofski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoonNakouziChangKuniholm2019" class="citation journal cs1">Yoon, HA; Nakouzi, A; Chang, CC; Kuniholm, MH; Carreño, LJ; Wang, T; Ndung'u, T; Lewin, SR; French, MA; Pirofski, LA (9 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6325352">"Association Between Plasma Antibody Responses and Risk for Cryptococcus-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome"</a>. <i>The Journal of Infectious Diseases</i>. <b>219</b> (3): 420–428. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Finfdis%2Fjiy447">10.1093/infdis/jiy447</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6325352">6325352</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30010905">30010905</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Association+Between+Plasma+Antibody+Responses+and+Risk+for+Cryptococcus-Associated+Immune+Reconstitution+Inflammatory+Syndrome.&rft.volume=219&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=420-428&rft.date=2019-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6325352%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30010905&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Finfdis%2Fjiy447&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=HA&rft.au=Nakouzi%2C+A&rft.au=Chang%2C+CC&rft.au=Kuniholm%2C+MH&rft.au=Carre%C3%B1o%2C+LJ&rft.au=Wang%2C+T&rft.au=Ndung%27u%2C+T&rft.au=Lewin%2C+SR&rft.au=French%2C+MA&rft.au=Pirofski%2C+LA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6325352&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiise-anne+Pirofski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoyleMoonDailyWang2018" class="citation journal cs1">Doyle, CR; Moon, JY; Daily, JP; Wang, T; Pirofski, LA (July 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6013671">"A Capsular Polysaccharide-Specific Antibody Alters Streptococcus pneumoniae Gene Expression during Nasopharyngeal Colonization of Mice"</a>. <i>Infection and Immunity</i>. <b>86</b> (7). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1128%2FIAI.00300-18">10.1128/IAI.00300-18</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6013671">6013671</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29735523">29735523</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=A+Capsular+Polysaccharide-Specific+Antibody+Alters+Streptococcus+pneumoniae+Gene+Expression+during+Nasopharyngeal+Colonization+of+Mice.&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=7&rft.date=2018-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6013671%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29735523&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1128%2FIAI.00300-18&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=CR&rft.au=Moon%2C+JY&rft.au=Daily%2C+JP&rft.au=Wang%2C+T&rft.au=Pirofski%2C+LA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6013671&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiise-anne+Pirofski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCasadevallPirofski2003" class="citation journal cs1">Casadevall, Arturo; Pirofski, Liise-anne (October 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7097162">"The damage-response framework of microbial pathogenesis"</a>. <i>Nature Reviews Microbiology</i>. <b>1</b> (1): 17–24. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnrmicro732">10.1038/nrmicro732</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1740-1534">1740-1534</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7097162">7097162</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15040176">15040176</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Reviews+Microbiology&rft.atitle=The+damage-response+framework+of+microbial+pathogenesis&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=17-24&rft.date=2003-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7097162%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1740-1534&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15040176&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnrmicro732&rft.aulast=Casadevall&rft.aufirst=Arturo&rft.au=Pirofski%2C+Liise-anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7097162&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiise-anne+Pirofski" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liise-anne_Pirofski&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Scholia_logo.svg/40px-Scholia_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Scholia_logo.svg/60px-Scholia_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Scholia_logo.svg/80px-Scholia_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="104" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Scholia" class="extiw" title="d:Wikidata:Scholia">Scholia</a> has an <i>author</i> profile for <i><b><a href="https://iw.toolforge.org/scholia/author/Q87765721" class="extiw" title="toolforge:scholia/author/Q87765721">Liise-anne Pirofski</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.einsteinmed.org/faculty/8131/liise-anne-pirofski/">"Liise-anne Pirofski, M.D. | Faculty Directory | Albert Einstein College of Medicine"</a>. <i>www.einsteinmed.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.einsteinmed.org&rft.atitle=Liise-anne+Pirofski%2C+M.D.+%7C+Faculty+Directory+%7C+Albert+Einstein+College+of+Medicine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.einsteinmed.org%2Ffaculty%2F8131%2Fliise-anne-pirofski%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiise-anne+Pirofski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPirofski2017" class="citation journal cs1">Pirofski, Liise-anne (2017-11-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external 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