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interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengal_she%27riyati" title="Bengal she'riyati – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bengal she'riyati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਬੰਗਾਲੀ ਕਵਿਤਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੰਗਾਲੀ ਕਵਿਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="بنگالی شاعری – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بنگالی شاعری" 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:22em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc;">Bengali literature<br /> বাংলা সাহিত্য</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid black;width:300px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:2px 0 0 2px"><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charyapada.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Charyapada.jpg/300px-Charyapada.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Charyapada.jpg/450px-Charyapada.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Charyapada.jpg/600px-Charyapada.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="95" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg/149px-Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg/224px-Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg/298px-Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1071" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kazi_Nazrul_Islam,_circa_1940.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kazi_Nazrul_Islam%2C_circa_1940.jpg/149px-Kazi_Nazrul_Islam%2C_circa_1940.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Kazi_Nazrul_Islam%2C_circa_1940.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="170" data-file-height="227" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="infobox-caption"><i>(clockwise from top to bottom :)</i><br /> The oldest bengali script The <a href="/wiki/Charyapada" title="Charyapada">charyapada</a>(<i>top</i>), <a href="/wiki/Kazi_Nazrul_Islam" title="Kazi Nazrul Islam">Kazi Nazrul Islam</a>(<i>Bottom right</i>), <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>(<i>Bottom left</i>).</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ccc;"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_literature" title="Bengali literature">Bengali literature</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Category:Bengali_literature" title="Category:Bengali literature">By category</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali language</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ccc;">Bengali language authors</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bengali_language_authors_(chronological)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Bengali language authors (chronological)">Chronological list</a> – <a href="/wiki/List_of_Bengali_language_authors_(alphabetical)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Bengali language authors (alphabetical)">Alphabetic List</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ccc;">Bengali writers</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Category:Bengali_writers" title="Category:Bengali writers">Writers</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:Bengali-language_novelists" title="Category:Bengali-language novelists">Novelists</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:Bengali_poets" title="Category:Bengali poets">Poets</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ccc;">Forms</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_novels" title="Bengali novels">Novel</a> – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Poetry</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bengali_science_fiction" title="Bengali science fiction">Science Fiction</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ccc;">Institutions and awards</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Category:Bengali_literary_institutions" title="Category:Bengali literary institutions">Literary Institutions</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Bengali_literary_awards" title="Category:Bengali literary awards">Literary Prizes</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background:#ccc;">Related Portals<br /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Literature" title="Portal:Literature">Literature Portal</a> <br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India Portal</a> <br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Bangladesh" title="Portal:Bangladesh">Bangladesh Portal</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bengali_literature" title="Template:Bengali literature"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bengali_literature" title="Template talk:Bengali literature"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bengali_literature" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bengali literature"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p><b>Bengali poetry</b> is a rich tradition of poetry in the <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali language</a> and has many different forms. Originating in <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>, the history of Bengali poetry underwent three successive stages of development: poetry of the early age (like <i><a href="/wiki/Charyapad" class="mw-redirect" title="Charyapad">Charyapad</a></i>), the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Medieval period</a> and the <a href="/wiki/History_of_poetry" title="History of poetry">age of modern poetry</a>. All ages have seen different forms of poetry and poetical tradition. It reached the pinnacle during the <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Renaissance" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Renaissance">Bengali Renaissance</a> period although it has a rich tradition and has grown independent of the movement. Major Bengali Poets throughout the ages are <a href="/wiki/Chandidas" title="Chandidas">Chandidas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alaol" title="Alaol">Alaol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramprasad_Sen" title="Ramprasad Sen">Ramprasad Sen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Madhusudan_Dutt" title="Michael Madhusudan Dutt">Michael Madhusudan Dutt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nabinchandra_Sen" title="Nabinchandra Sen">Nabinchandra Sen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dwijendralal_Ray" title="Dwijendralal Ray">Dwijendralal Ray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satyendranath_Dutta" title="Satyendranath Dutta">Satyendranath Dutta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazi_Nazrul_Islam" title="Kazi Nazrul Islam">Kazi Nazrul Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jibanananda_Das" title="Jibanananda Das">Jibanananda Das</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jasimuddin" title="Jasimuddin">Jasimuddin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sukanta_Bhattacharya" title="Sukanta Bhattacharya">Sukanta Battacharya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al_Mahmud" title="Al Mahmud">Al Mahmud</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Introduction">Introduction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_poetry&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Introduction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BankimRabindranath.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BankimRabindranath.jpg/220px-BankimRabindranath.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BankimRabindranath.jpg/330px-BankimRabindranath.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/BankimRabindranath.jpg 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="297" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bankim_Chandra_Chatterjee" title="Bankim Chandra Chatterjee">Bankim Chandra Chatterjee</a>'s poem <a href="/wiki/Vande_Mataram" title="Vande Mataram">Vande Mataram</a> is the national song of India and <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Jana_Gana_Mana" title="Jana Gana Mana">Jana Gana Mana</a> is the <a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="National anthem of India">National anthem of India</a>, both poems were originally written in Bengali-language</figcaption></figure> <p>Poetry in the colloquial dialect of Bengal first originated from <a href="/wiki/Prakrit" title="Prakrit">Prakrit</a>, and based upon local socio-cultural traditions. It was antagonistic towards <a href="/wiki/Historical_Vedic_religion" title="Historical Vedic religion">Vedic</a> rituals and laws as opposed to the <a href="/wiki/Sahaja" title="Sahaja">sahajaya</a> traditions of the poets themselves - who were mainly <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a> sages.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (March 2021)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The medieval period marked the introduction of <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Puthi" title="Puthi">puthis</a></i></span>, which played an important role in <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> life and brought much <a href="/wiki/Farsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Farsi">Persian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> influence to the poetic lexicon. Shah Gharibullah was said to have initiated this <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">puthi</i></span> trend with his epic "Amir Hamza". Many <span title="Bengali-language romanization"><i lang="bn-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Jongonama" class="mw-redirect" title="Jongonama">jongonamas</a></i></span>, <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">puthis</i></span> based on battles, were written during this time. Jongonamas were generally elegiac in tone. Works relating to <a href="/wiki/Karbala" title="Karbala">Karbala</a> were called <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">marsiya</i></span> (meaning 'grief' in <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>) literature. Both janganama and marsiya literature first developed in <a href="/wiki/Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabia">Arabia</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>. Muslim Sufis and soldiers introduced this form of poetry in the <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali language</a> to the masses in <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arakan" title="Arakan">Arakan</a>. Well-known poems of include Zainab's Chautisha by Sheikh Faizullah, Maqtul Husayn by Mohammad Khan and Qasim-er Lodai O Fatima-r Surotnama by Sherbaz. The works mixed Bengali folk poetry with Perso-Arabian stories and themes, and are considered an important part of the Muslim culture of Bengal.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancient_and_medieval_eras">Ancient and medieval eras</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_poetry&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ancient and medieval eras"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Charyapad" class="mw-redirect" title="Charyapad">Charyapad</a> is the oldest poetry and literary specimen of Bengali language. It is also the oldest work in the neo-Indian Aryan language. The composers of these hymns, composed between the tenth and twelfth centuries AD, were easily Buddhist Siddhacharyas. The 24 major Charyapadas were by Lui Pa, Kukkuripa, Biruapa, Gundaripa, Chatilpa, Bhusuk Pa, Kahnpa, Kambalambarpa, Dombipa, Shantipa, Mahittapa, Veenapa, Sarhapa, Shabar Pa, Azdebpa, Dhenpana, Dankapa, Darikpa Dhampa, Tantripa, Laridombipa. 1200-1350 AD of Bengali literature has been marked as the "dark age of Bengali Literature." During this time Srikrishnakirtan was composed by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baduchandidas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baduchandidas (page does not exist)">Baduchandidas</a>.The other remarkable poets of Vaishnava literature of this era were <a href="/wiki/Vidyapati" title="Vidyapati">Vidyapati</a>, Jnandas, Govindadas, Yashoraj Khan, Chandkaji, Ramchandra Basu, Balram Das, Narhari Das, Vrindavan Das, Basudavas, Bansibad. Syed Sultan, Harhari Sarkar, Fateh Paramananda, Ghanshyam Das, Gayas Khan, Alaol, Deen Chandidas, Chandrashekhar, Haridas, Shivram, Karam Ali, Pir Muhammad, Hiramani, Bhavananda. Famous poets of Mangal Kavya are Kanahari Dutt, Narayan Dev, Vijaygupta, Bipradas Piplai, Madhav Acharya, Mukundaram Chakraborty, Ghanram Chakraborty, Srishyam Pandit, Bharat Chandra Roy Gunakar, Khemananda, Ketka Das Khemananda, Dwij Madhav, Adi Rupram, Manik Ram, Mayur Bhatt, Khelaram, Rupram, Sitaram Das, Shyamj. </p><p>The 18th-century two brilliant <a href="/wiki/Shakta" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakta">Shakta</a> <a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">bhakti</a> court poets were <a href="/wiki/Bharatchandra_Ray" title="Bharatchandra Ray">Bharatchandra Ray</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ramprasad_Sen" title="Ramprasad Sen">Ramprasad Sen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_poets_(1800–present)"><span id="Modern_poets_.281800.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Modern poets (1800–present)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_poetry&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Modern poets (1800–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The poets who built the bridge between the Middle and Modern Ages is the poet of the Ages:<a href="/wiki/Ishwar_Chandra_Gupta" title="Ishwar Chandra Gupta">Ishwar Chandra Gupta</a> (1812–1859), he is also regarded as the Father of the Modern Bengali Language. <a href="/wiki/Michael_Madhusudan_Dutt" title="Michael Madhusudan Dutt">Michael Madhusudan Dutt</a> (1824–1873) broke the medieval paradigm and Bengali poetry entered free verse - he is especially popular for his Bengali sonnets. <a href="/wiki/Biharilal_Chakraborty" title="Biharilal Chakraborty">Biharilal Chakraborty</a> (1835–1894) who was a romantic and lyric poet of European style also contributed to the shift. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Kabiguru Rabindranath Tagore</a> (1861–1941) was arguably the most revolutionary poets of Bengali Literature. He contributed to every branch of Bengali Literature including poetry. He broke down the old custom of writing in "Sadhu" language in poetry and introduced an aspect of poetry which had more freedom to the poet. He composed over two-thousand songs - which are known as "Rabindra Sangeet" and they are popular in West Bengal and Bangladesh even today. His songs "Jana Gana Mana" and "Amar Sonar Bangla" are the National Anthems of India and Bangladesh respectively. His impact on Bengali Literature is so immense that all Bengali Literature during his lifetime is known as the "Rabindric Era", after his name. The contemporary poets of the Rabindric era were <a href="/wiki/Satyendranath_Dutta" title="Satyendranath Dutta">Satyendranath Dutta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamini_Roy" title="Kamini Roy">Kamini Ray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upendrakishore_Ray_Chowdhury" title="Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury">Updendrakishore Raychowdhury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sukumar_Ray" title="Sukumar Ray">Sukumar Ray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jatindramohan_Bagchi" title="Jatindramohan Bagchi">Jatindra Mohan Bagchi</a> among others. The death of Rabindranath Tagore is often considered to be the end of Classical Poetry and the start of Modern Poetry. </p><p>At the beginning of the twentieth century, there was a new change in Bengali style of poetry, with poets adopting an even liberal style of poetry, bringing an end to Bengali Romanticism. Poets such as <a href="/wiki/Mohitlal_Majumdar" title="Mohitlal Majumdar">Mohitlal Majumder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazi_Nazrul_Islam" title="Kazi Nazrul Islam">Kazi Nazrul Islam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jatindranath_Sengupta" title="Jatindranath Sengupta">Jatindranath Sengupta</a> beginning contributed to this period. "Bidrohi Kavi" Kazi Nazrul Islam is considered to be the bridge between the Anti-Romantic Period and the Modern Period of Poetry. He had composed a vast oeuvre of poetry and songs – the latter of which are known as "Nazrul Geeti" which are sung even today. Nazrul is also the National Poet of Bangladesh. His poem "<a href="/wiki/Bidrohi_(poem)" title="Bidrohi (poem)">Bidrohi</a>" had a big impact on the <a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian Freedom Movement</a>. </p><p>The death of Tagore led to the beginning of the Golden Age of Modern Poetry, which lasted from the 1940s to the 60s. Numerous poets left their profound impact on poetry in this era, such as:<a href="/wiki/Amiya_Chakravarty" title="Amiya Chakravarty">Amiya Chakraborty</a> (1901–1966), <a href="/wiki/Jibanananda_Das" title="Jibanananda Das">Jibanananda Das</a> (1899–1954), <a href="/wiki/Buddhadeb_Basu" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhadeb Basu">Buddhadeb Basu</a> (1906–1964), <a href="/wiki/Bishnu_Dey" title="Bishnu Dey">Bishnu Dey</a> (1909–1962), <a href="/wiki/Sudhindranath_Dutta" title="Sudhindranath Dutta">Sudhindranath Dutta</a> (1901–1960), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sablu_Shahabuddin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sablu Shahabuddin (page does not exist)">Sablu Shahabuddin</a> (1957–1999).They were followed by the generation of <a href="/wiki/Shakti_Chattopadhyay" title="Shakti Chattopadhyay">Shakti Chattopadhyay</a> (1933–1995), <a href="/wiki/Sankha_Ghosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sankha Ghosh">Sankha Ghosh</a> (1932–2021),Tarapada Ray (1936–2007) <a href="/wiki/Sunil_Gangopadhyay" title="Sunil Gangopadhyay">Sunil Gangopadhyay</a> (1935–2012) – known as Krittibas group of poets. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jasimuddin" title="Jasimuddin">Jasimuddin</a>'s work of Pastoral mood led him to be known as Palli Kabi. He was one of the major poets. </p><p>"Hungryalist movement" also emerged in Bengal that was consisted with new bunch of poets in Bengal, inducing <a href="/wiki/Malay_Roy_Choudhury" title="Malay Roy Choudhury">Malay Roy Choudhury</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Purusottam_Kumar_Debnath&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Purusottam Kumar Debnath (page does not exist)">Purusottam Kumar Debnath</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poets_of_West_Bengal_and_Bangladesh">Poets of West Bengal and Bangladesh</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_poetry&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Poets of West Bengal and Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a> in 1947, Bengali poets were divided along nationalistic lines of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>. <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a> still had a great literary culture around it. Many Poets like <a href="/wiki/Shakti_Chattopadhyay" title="Shakti Chattopadhyay">Shakti Chattopadhyay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Binoy_Majumdar" title="Binoy Majumdar">Binoy Majumdar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samir_Roychoudhury" title="Samir Roychoudhury">Samir Roychoudhury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malay_Roy_Choudhury" title="Malay Roy Choudhury">Malay Roy Choudhury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Subimal_Basak" title="Subimal Basak">Subimal Basak</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pranabkumar_Chattopadhyay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pranabkumar Chattopadhyay (page does not exist)">Pranabkumar Chattopadhyay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Subodh_Sarkar" title="Subodh Sarkar">Subodh Sarkar</a> emerged. </p><p>The poets of <a href="/wiki/East_Bengal" title="East Bengal">East Bengal</a> took different yet similar path, many taking inspiration from <a href="/wiki/Kazi_Nazrul_Islam" title="Kazi Nazrul Islam">Kazi Nazrul Islam</a> and other major poets. Some of the popular <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Muslim">Bengali Muslim</a> poets of this period included <a href="/wiki/Farrukh_Ahmad" title="Farrukh Ahmad">Farrukh Ahmad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Talim_Hossain" title="Talim Hossain">Talim Hossain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golam_Mostofa_(poet)" title="Golam Mostofa (poet)">Golam Mostofa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raushan_Yazdani" title="Raushan Yazdani">Raushan Yazdani</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a> and struggle for freedom became a popular theme in the years that followed. <a href="/wiki/Al_Mahmud" title="Al Mahmud">Al Mahmud</a> is considered one of the greatest <a href="/wiki/Bengali_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali people">Bengali</a> poets to have emerged in the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-thedailystar1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thedailystar1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_poetry&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output 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poets</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengali_poetry&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFArif,_Hakim2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Arif, Hakim (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Poetry">"Poetry"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Sirajul_Islam" title="Sirajul Islam">Sirajul Islam</a>; Miah, Sajahan; <a href="/wiki/Mahfuza_Khanam" title="Mahfuza Khanam">Khanam, Mahfuza</a>; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/Banglapedia" title="Banglapedia">Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh</a></i> (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_Society_of_Bangladesh" title="Asiatic Society of Bangladesh">Asiatic Society of Bangladesh</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/984-32-0576-6" title="Special:BookSources/984-32-0576-6"><bdi>984-32-0576-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52727562">52727562</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL30677644M">30677644M</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Poetry&rft.btitle=Banglapedia%3A+the+National+Encyclopedia+of+Bangladesh&rft.place=Dhaka%2C+Bangladesh&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Banglapedia+Trust%2C+Asiatic+Society+of+Bangladesh&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52727562&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL30677644M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=984-32-0576-6&rft.au=Arif%2C+Hakim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DPoetry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+poetry" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhandker_Muzammil_Haq2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Khandker Muzammil Haq (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Janganama">"Janganama"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Sirajul_Islam" title="Sirajul Islam">Sirajul Islam</a>; Miah, Sajahan; <a href="/wiki/Mahfuza_Khanam" title="Mahfuza Khanam">Khanam, Mahfuza</a>; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/Banglapedia" title="Banglapedia">Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh</a></i> (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_Society_of_Bangladesh" title="Asiatic Society of Bangladesh">Asiatic Society of Bangladesh</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/984-32-0576-6" title="Special:BookSources/984-32-0576-6"><bdi>984-32-0576-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52727562">52727562</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL30677644M">30677644M</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Janganama&rft.btitle=Banglapedia%3A+the+National+Encyclopedia+of+Bangladesh&rft.place=Dhaka%2C+Bangladesh&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Banglapedia+Trust%2C+Asiatic+Society+of+Bangladesh&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52727562&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL30677644M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=984-32-0576-6&rft.au=Khandker+Muzammil+Haq&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DJanganama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+poetry" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thedailystar1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-thedailystar1_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-193948">"Al Mahmud turns 75"</a>. <i>The Daily Star</i>. 13 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Al+Mahmud+turns+75&rft.date=2011-07-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fnews-detail-193948&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABengali+poetry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output 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