CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <script src="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" data-document-language="true" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="31039219-1d97-4549-9551-dbd0a9b33f9e" tb-donotmove></script> <script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/templates/mdb_2018/icons/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/templates/mdb_2018/icons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/templates/mdb_2018/icons/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/templates/mdb_2018/icons/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/templates/mdb_2018/icons/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/templates/mdb_2018/icons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#dc643b"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffc40d"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://res.cloudinary.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://kit.fontawesome.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://kit-pro.fontawesome.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagservices.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.shareaholic.net"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://olytics.omeda.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://px.ads.linkedin.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://snap.licdn.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="/templates/mdb_2018/css/template.min.css?t=1737008400" integrity="sha512-JrXU0rJWNZetLKqfLVO+NmN4gwTbHMTaNhnEsRraWuj/CJdRXNc1XRG2E49WLOPZoPmtAf6/u7hhM/hEHuWPXw==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/cloudinary-core/2.13.1/cloudinary-core-shrinkwrap.min.js" integrity="sha512-stp48jOOmT4TXnB4bMJ0rlcR7XagE92cqr7pEb+oFQox6qNSyKiN31GajDsg5VVn+HgM5mhOZinSRXowsRmgPg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://kit.fontawesome.com/e04325f501.js" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/masonry/4.2.2/masonry.pkgd.min.js" integrity="sha512-JRlcvSZAXT8+5SQQAvklXGJuxXTouyq8oIMaYERZQasB8SBDHZaUbeASsJWpk0UUrf89DP3/aefPPrlMR1h1yQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/lazysizes.min.js" integrity="sha512-q583ppKrCRc7N5O0n2nzUiJ+suUv7Et1JGels4bXOaMFQcamPk9HjdUknZuuFjBNs7tsMuadge5k9RzdmO+1GQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/plugins/print/ls.print.min.js" integrity="sha512-tY3D/iSWSdQE2NSLW/mRWQd/bvHAGjyCLRwSd23sqNbbgVnUaah2t+ZpX7hdBOskZ7PqYvwe4E+qxNARGojJGQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha512-v2CJ7UaYy4JwqLDIrZUI/4hqeoQieOmAZNXBeQyjo21dadnwR+8ZaIJVT8EE2iyI61OV8e6M8PP2/4hpQINQ/g==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap/5.2.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha512-i9cEfJwUwViEPFKdC1enz4ZRGBj8YQo6QByFTF92YXHi7waCqyexvRD75S5NVTsSiTv7rKWqG9Y5eFxmRsOn0A==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/limonte-sweetalert2/11.15.10/sweetalert2.all.min.js" integrity="sha512-KWZQo2EiUMmEMrjJUUZoWP8k/mL57L5PPjQF23Vv77jGidQK8WPsX/RoQ7uI0cnjDDCU8ZXa1NG24HkLOqI9sg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/css/bootstrap-select.min.css" integrity="sha512-g2SduJKxa4Lbn3GW+Q7rNz+pKP9AWMR++Ta8fgwsZRCUsawjPvF/BxSMkGS61VsR9yinGoEgrHPGPn2mrj8+4w==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/js/bootstrap-select.min.js" integrity="sha512-yrOmjPdp8qH8hgLfWpSFhC/+R9Cj9USL8uJxYIveJZGAiedxyIxwNw4RsLDlcjNlIRR4kkHaDHSmNHAkxFTmgg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow"> <meta name="keywords" content="Manufacturing, Prototyping, Surgical Robotics, Custom Manufacturing, Contract Manufacturing, Software, Imaging, Diagnostics, Monitoring, Testing, Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy, Biosensors, Inspection Equipment, Optics, Photonics, Mechanical Components, Surgical Lasers, Materials, Adhesives, Coatings, Implants, Prosthetics, Automation, Controls, Electronics, Drug Delivery, Dispensing"> <meta name="author" content="SAE Media Group"> <meta value="twitter:site" content="@TechBriefsMag"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta name="description" content="Medical Design Briefs features exclusive coverage of the latest medical and bio medical innovations from NASA, its industry partners, and other major players in medical research and development worldwide. From heart pumps and defibrillators to surgical robots, NASA has developed thousands of medical breakthroughs on the way to space. Articles and product briefs focus on design advances that are shaping the future of health care — improving safety and saving lives while reducing costs. Each issue reports on electronics, sensors, test, measurement, imaging, software, materials, mechanical components, manufacturing, prototyping, and much more."> <title>Home - Medical Design Briefs</title> <link href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/" rel="canonical"> <style>/** * Critical CSS created by criticalcss.com * file: /css/critical/tags-top.css' * createdAt : 2025-01-16T06:31:17.000Z * resultStatus : GOOD * originalSize : 294874 * size : 0 * validationStatus : GOOD */ @charset "UTF-8";@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6uyw4BMUTPHjx4wWw.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh6UVSwiPHA.ttf) format('truetype')}:root{--bs-blue:#0d6efd;--bs-indigo:#6610f2;--bs-purple:#6f42c1;--bs-pink:#d63384;--bs-red:#dc3545;--bs-orange:#fd7e14;--bs-yellow:#ffc107;--bs-green:#198754;--bs-teal:#20c997;--bs-cyan:#0dcaf0;--bs-black:#000;--bs-white:#fff;--bs-gray:#6c757d;--bs-gray-dark:#343a40;--bs-gray-100:#f8f9fa;--bs-gray-200:#e9ecef;--bs-gray-300:#dee2e6;--bs-gray-400:#ced4da;--bs-gray-500:#adb5bd;--bs-gray-600:#6c757d;--bs-gray-700:#495057;--bs-gray-800:#343a40;--bs-gray-900:#212529;--bs-primary:#324a98;--bs-secondary:#6c757d;--bs-success:#198754;--bs-info:#0dcaf0;--bs-warning:#ffc107;--bs-danger:#e60000;--bs-light:#f8f9fa;--bs-dark:#212529;--bs-inverse:#fff;--bs-navbar:#dadcde;--bs-navitem:#fff;--bs-lightgray:#e9ecef;--bs-color-indigo:#6610f2;--bs-color-cyan:#0dcaf0;--bs-color-blue:#0d6efd;--bs-color-orange:#fd7e14;--bs-color-red:#dc3545;--bs-color-yellow:#ffc107;--bs-color-teal:#20c997;--bs-color-green:#198754;--bs-color-pink:#d63384;--bs-color-black:#000;--bs-color-white:#fff;--bs-color-gray:#6c757d;--bs-color-gray-dark:#343a40;--bs-cache:#6610f2;--bs-notice:#0dcaf0;--bs-topic:#bd3911;--bs-advertising:#ffc107;--bs-primary-rgb:50,74,152;--bs-secondary-rgb:108,117,125;--bs-success-rgb:25,135,84;--bs-info-rgb:13,202,240;--bs-warning-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-danger-rgb:230,0,0;--bs-light-rgb:248,249,250;--bs-dark-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-inverse-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-navbar-rgb:218,220,222;--bs-navitem-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-lightgray-rgb:233,236,239;--bs-color-indigo-rgb:102,16,242;--bs-color-cyan-rgb:13,202,240;--bs-color-blue-rgb:13,110,253;--bs-color-orange-rgb:253,126,20;--bs-color-red-rgb:220,53,69;--bs-color-yellow-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-color-teal-rgb:32,201,151;--bs-color-green-rgb:25,135,84;--bs-color-pink-rgb:214,51,132;--bs-color-black-rgb:0,0,0;--bs-color-white-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-color-gray-rgb:108,117,125;--bs-color-gray-dark-rgb:52,58,64;--bs-cache-rgb:102,16,242;--bs-notice-rgb:13,202,240;--bs-topic-rgb:189,57,17;--bs-advertising-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-white-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-black-rgb:0,0,0;--bs-body-color-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-body-bg-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-font-sans-serif:"Lato",sans-serif;--bs-font-monospace:SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,"Liberation Mono","Courier New",monospace;--bs-gradient:linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0));--bs-body-font-family:Lucida Bright,Lucidabright,Lucida Serif,Lucida,Palatino,Times New Roman,Times,serif;--bs-body-font-size:1rem;--bs-body-font-weight:400;--bs-body-line-height:1.5;--bs-body-color:#212529;--bs-body-bg:#fff;--bs-border-width:1px;--bs-border-style:solid;--bs-border-color:#ced4da;--bs-border-color-translucent:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.175);--bs-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-border-radius-sm:0.25rem;--bs-border-radius-lg:0.5rem;--bs-border-radius-xl:1rem;--bs-border-radius-2xl:2rem;--bs-border-radius-pill:50rem;--bs-link-color:#bd3911;--bs-link-hover-color:rgb(151.2, 45.6, 13.6);--bs-code-color:#d63384;--bs-highlight-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4)}*,::after,::before{box-sizing:border-box}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){:root{scroll-behavior:smooth}}body{margin:0;font-family:var(--bs-body-font-family);font-size:var(--bs-body-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-body-font-weight);line-height:var(--bs-body-line-height);color:var(--bs-body-color);text-align:var(--bs-body-text-align);background-color:var(--bs-body-bg);-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;padding-top:150px}hr{margin:1rem 0;color:inherit;border:0;border-top:1px solid #6c757d;opacity:.25}h1,h4,h5,h6{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.5rem;font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2;color:#bd3911}h1{font-size:calc(1.325rem + .9vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h1{font-size:2rem}}h4{font-size:calc(1.275rem + .3vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h4{font-size:1.5rem}}h5{font-size:1.25rem}h6{font-size:1rem}p{margin-top:0}ul{padding-left:2rem;margin-top:0}p,ul{margin-bottom:1rem}a{color:var(--bs-link-color);text-decoration:none}img{vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;height:auto}label{display:inline-block}button{border-radius:0;text-transform:none;margin:0;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}input{margin:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}[type=button],[type=submit],button{-webkit-appearance:button}::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border-style:none}::-webkit-datetime-edit-day-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-fields-wrapper,::-webkit-datetime-edit-hour-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-minute,::-webkit-datetime-edit-month-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-text,::-webkit-datetime-edit-year-field{padding:0}::-webkit-inner-spin-button{height:auto}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-color-swatch-wrapper{padding:0}::file-selector-button{font:inherit;-webkit-appearance:button}iframe{border:0}.container,.container-fluid{--bs-gutter-x:1.5rem;--bs-gutter-y:0;width:100%;padding-right:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);padding-left:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}@media (min-width:576px){.container{max-width:540px}}@media (min-width:768px){.container{max-width:720px}}@media (min-width:992px){.container{max-width:960px}}@media (min-width:1200px){.container{max-width:1140px}}@media (min-width:1400px){.container{max-width:1320px}}.features .story .item-wrapper,.row{--bs-gutter-x:1.5rem;--bs-gutter-y:0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:calc(-1*var(--bs-gutter-y));margin-right:calc(-.5*var(--bs-gutter-x));margin-left:calc(-.5*var(--bs-gutter-x))}.features .story .item-wrapper>*,.row>*{flex-shrink:0;width:100%;max-width:100%;padding-right:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);padding-left:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);margin-top:var(--bs-gutter-y)}.col-2{flex:0 0 auto;width:16.66666667%}.col-5{flex:0 0 auto;width:41.66666667%}.col-8{flex:0 0 auto;width:66.66666667%}.col-10{flex:0 0 auto;width:83.33333333%}.col-12,.features .story .item-wrapper>div{flex:0 0 auto;width:100%}.g-0{--bs-gutter-x:0;--bs-gutter-y:0}@media (min-width:576px){.col-sm-5,.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-image{flex:0 0 auto;width:41.66666667%}.col-sm-6{flex:0 0 auto;width:50%}.col-sm-7,.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-title{flex:0 0 auto;width:58.33333333%}.col-sm-10{flex:0 0 auto;width:83.33333333%}}@media (min-width:768px){.col-md-5{flex:0 0 auto;width:41.66666667%}.col-md-6,.features .story{flex:0 0 auto;width:50%}.col-md-7{flex:0 0 auto;width:58.33333333%}.col-md-12,.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-image,.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-title{flex:0 0 auto;width:100%}}@media (min-width:992px){.col-lg-4{flex:0 0 auto;width:33.33333333%}.col-lg-8{flex:0 0 auto;width:66.66666667%}}.form-control{display:block;width:100%;padding:.375rem .75rem;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;color:#212529;background-color:#fff;background-clip:padding-box;border:1px solid #ced4da;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;border-radius:.375rem;box-shadow:inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.075)}.form-control::-webkit-date-and-time-value{height:1.5em}.form-control::-moz-placeholder{color:#6c757d;opacity:1}.form-floating{position:relative}.form-floating>.form-control{height:calc(3.5rem + 2px);line-height:1.25;padding:1rem .75rem}.form-floating>label{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;padding:1rem .75rem;overflow:hidden;text-align:start;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;border:1px solid transparent;transform-origin:0 0}.form-floating>.form-control::-moz-placeholder{color:transparent}.form-floating>.form-control:-webkit-autofill{padding-top:1.625rem;padding-bottom:.625rem}.form-floating>.form-control:-webkit-autofill~label{opacity:.65;transform:scale(.85) translateY(-.5rem) translateX(.15rem)}.input-group{position:relative;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:stretch;width:100%}.input-group>.form-floating{position:relative;flex:1 1 auto;width:1%;min-width:0}.input-group .btn{position:relative;z-index:2}.input-group:not(.has-validation)>.form-floating:not(:last-child)>.form-control{border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}.input-group>:not(:first-child):not(.dropdown-menu):not(.valid-tooltip):not(.valid-feedback):not(.invalid-tooltip):not(.invalid-feedback){margin-left:-1px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0}.btn{color:var(--bs-btn-color);background-color:var(--bs-btn-bg);--bs-btn-padding-x:0.75rem;--bs-btn-padding-y:0.375rem;--bs-btn-font-size:1rem;--bs-btn-font-weight:400;--bs-btn-line-height:1.5;--bs-btn-color:#212529;--bs-btn-bg:transparent;--bs-btn-border-width:1px;--bs-btn-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-btn-hover-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15),0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);--bs-btn-disabled-opacity:0.65;--bs-btn-focus-box-shadow:0 0 0 0.25rem rgba(var(--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb), .5);display:inline-block;padding:var(--bs-btn-padding-y) var(--bs-btn-padding-x);font-family:var(--bs-btn-font-family);font-size:var(--bs-btn-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-btn-font-weight);line-height:var(--bs-btn-line-height);text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border:var(--bs-btn-border-width) solid var(--bs-btn-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-btn-border-radius);background-image:var(--bs-gradient);box-shadow:var(--bs-btn-box-shadow)}.btn-primary{--bs-btn-bg:#324a98;--bs-btn-border-color:#324a98;--bs-btn-hover-bg:rgb(42.5, 62.9, 129.2);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:rgb(40, 59.2, 121.6);--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:81,101,167;--bs-btn-active-bg:rgb(40, 59.2, 121.6);--bs-btn-active-border-color:rgb(37.5, 55.5, 114);--bs-btn-disabled-bg:#324a98;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:#324a98}.btn-primary,.btn-secondary{--bs-btn-color:#fff;--bs-btn-hover-color:#fff;--bs-btn-active-color:#fff;--bs-btn-active-shadow:inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);--bs-btn-disabled-color:#fff}.btn-secondary{--bs-btn-bg:#6c757d;--bs-btn-border-color:#6c757d;--bs-btn-hover-bg:rgb(91.8, 99.45, 106.25);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:rgb(86.4, 93.6, 100);--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:130,138,145;--bs-btn-active-bg:rgb(86.4, 93.6, 100);--bs-btn-active-border-color:rgb(81, 87.75, 93.75);--bs-btn-disabled-bg:#6c757d;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:#6c757d}.btn-link{--bs-btn-font-weight:400;--bs-btn-color:var(--bs-link-color);--bs-btn-bg:transparent;--bs-btn-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-hover-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-active-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-btn-active-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-disabled-color:#6c757d;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-box-shadow:none;--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:199,87,53;text-decoration:none;background-image:none}.btn-sm{--bs-btn-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-btn-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-btn-font-size:0.875rem;--bs-btn-border-radius:0.25rem}.fade:not(.show){opacity:0}.collapse:not(.show){display:none}.nav{--bs-nav-link-padding-x:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-padding-y:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-color:var(--bs-link-color);--bs-nav-link-hover-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-nav-link-disabled-color:#6c757d;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.nav-link{display:block;padding:var(--bs-nav-link-padding-y) var(--bs-nav-link-padding-x);font-size:var(--bs-nav-link-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-nav-link-font-weight);color:var(--bs-nav-link-color)}.nav-fill .nav-item{flex:1 1 auto;text-align:center}.nav-fill .nav-item .nav-link{width:100%}.navbar{--bs-navbar-padding-x:0;--bs-navbar-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-navbar-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);--bs-navbar-hover-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);--bs-navbar-disabled-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);--bs-navbar-active-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-navbar-brand-margin-end:1rem;--bs-navbar-brand-font-size:1.25rem;--bs-navbar-brand-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-brand-hover-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-x:0.75rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-font-size:1.25rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-icon-bg:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba%280, 0, 0, 0.55%29' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);--bs-navbar-toggler-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-focus-width:0.25rem;position:relative;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-navbar-padding-y) var(--bs-navbar-padding-x);background-image:var(--bs-gradient);font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-weight:700}.navbar>.container,.navbar>.container-fluid{display:flex;flex-wrap:inherit;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}.navbar-brand{padding-top:var(--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y);padding-bottom:var(--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y);margin-right:var(--bs-navbar-brand-margin-end);font-size:var(--bs-navbar-brand-font-size);color:var(--bs-navbar-brand-color);white-space:nowrap}.navbar-nav{--bs-nav-link-padding-x:0;--bs-nav-link-padding-y:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-color:var(--bs-navbar-color);--bs-nav-link-hover-color:var(--bs-navbar-hover-color);--bs-nav-link-disabled-color:var(--bs-navbar-disabled-color);display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.navbar-collapse{flex-basis:100%;flex-grow:1;align-items:center}.navbar-toggler{padding:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-y) var(--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-x);font-size:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-font-size);line-height:1;color:var(--bs-navbar-color);background-color:transparent;border:var(--bs-border-width) solid var(--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-border-radius)}@media (min-width:576px){.navbar-expand-sm{flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav{flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:var(--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x);padding-left:var(--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x)}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-collapse{display:flex!important;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-toggler{display:none}}body:before{display:none}.navbar-dark{--bs-navbar-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-hover-color:#4d4d4f;--bs-navbar-disabled-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);--bs-navbar-active-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-brand-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-brand-hover-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color:transparent;--bs-navbar-toggler-icon-bg:none}.alert{--bs-alert-bg:transparent;--bs-alert-padding-x:1rem;--bs-alert-padding-y:1rem;--bs-alert-margin-bottom:1rem;--bs-alert-color:inherit;--bs-alert-border-color:transparent;--bs-alert-border:1px solid var(--bs-alert-border-color);--bs-alert-border-radius:0.375rem;position:relative;padding:var(--bs-alert-padding-y) var(--bs-alert-padding-x);margin-bottom:var(--bs-alert-margin-bottom);color:var(--bs-alert-color);background-color:var(--bs-alert-bg);border:var(--bs-alert-border);border-radius:var(--bs-alert-border-radius)}.alert-heading{color:inherit}.alert-link{font-weight:700}.alert-dismissible{padding-right:3rem}.alert-dismissible .btn-close{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;z-index:2;padding:1.25rem 1rem}.alert-primary,.alert-secondary{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-primary{--bs-alert-color:rgb(30, 44.4, 91.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(214, 218.8, 234.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(193.5, 200.7, 224.1)}.alert-primary .alert-link{color:#182449}.alert-secondary{--bs-alert-color:rgb(64.8, 70.2, 75);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(225.6, 227.4, 229);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(210.9, 213.6, 216)}.alert-secondary .alert-link{color:#34383c}.alert-native,.alert-success,.alert-validation{--bs-alert-color:rgb(15, 81, 50.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(209, 231, 220.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(186, 219, 203.7);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-native .alert-link,.alert-success .alert-link,.alert-validation .alert-link{color:#0c4128}.alert-info,.alert-warning{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-info{--bs-alert-color:rgb(5.2, 80.8, 96);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 244.4, 252);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 239.1, 250.5)}.alert-info .alert-link{color:#04414d}.alert-warning{--bs-alert-color:rgb(102, 77.2, 2.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(255, 236.4, 180.6)}.alert-warning .alert-link{color:#523e02}.alert-danger,.alert-error{--bs-alert-color:#8a0000;--bs-alert-bg:#facccc;--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(247.5, 178.5, 178.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-danger .alert-link,.alert-error .alert-link{color:#6e0000}.alert-light{--bs-alert-color:rgb(99.2, 99.6, 100);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(253.6, 253.8, 254);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(252.9, 253.2, 253.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-light .alert-link{color:#4f5050}.alert-cleanup,.alert-dark{--bs-alert-color:rgb(19.8, 22.2, 24.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(210.6, 211.4, 212.2);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(188.4, 189.6, 190.8);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cleanup .alert-link,.alert-dark .alert-link{color:#101214}.alert-inverse{--bs-alert-color:#666666;--bs-alert-bg:white;--bs-alert-border-color:white}.alert-inverse .alert-link{color:#525252}.alert-inverse,.alert-navbar,.alert-navitem{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-navbar{--bs-alert-color:rgb(87.2, 88, 88.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(247.6, 248, 248.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(243.9, 244.5, 245.1)}.alert-navbar .alert-link{color:#464647}.alert-navitem{--bs-alert-color:#666666;--bs-alert-bg:white;--bs-alert-border-color:white}.alert-navitem .alert-link{color:#525252}.alert-lightgray{--bs-alert-color:rgb(93.2, 94.4, 95.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(250.6, 251.2, 251.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(248.4, 249.3, 250.2)}.alert-lightgray .alert-link{color:#4b4c4c}.alert-color-indigo,.alert-lightgray{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-advertising,.alert-color-indigo{--bs-alert-color:rgb(61.2, 9.6, 145.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(224.4, 207.2, 252.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(209.1, 183.3, 251.1)}.alert-color-indigo .alert-link{color:#310874}.alert-color-cyan{--bs-alert-color:rgb(5.2, 80.8, 96);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 244.4, 252);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 239.1, 250.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-cyan .alert-link{color:#04414d}.alert-color-blue,.alert-criticalcss{--bs-alert-color:rgb(7.8, 66, 151.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 226, 254.6);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 211.5, 254.4);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-blue .alert-link,.alert-criticalcss .alert-link{color:#063579}.alert-color-orange{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cache,.alert-color-orange{--bs-alert-color:rgb(151.8, 75.6, 12);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(254.6, 229.2, 208);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(254.4, 216.3, 184.5)}.alert-color-orange .alert-link{color:#793c0a}.alert-color-red{--bs-alert-color:rgb(132, 31.8, 41.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(248, 214.6, 217.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(244.5, 194.4, 199.2);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-red .alert-link{color:#6a1921}.alert-cdnjs,.alert-color-yellow{--bs-alert-color:rgb(102, 77.2, 2.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(255, 236.4, 180.6)}.alert-cdnjs .alert-link,.alert-color-yellow .alert-link{color:#523e02}.alert-cdnjs,.alert-color-teal,.alert-color-yellow{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-teal,.alert-topic{--bs-alert-color:rgb(19.2, 120.6, 90.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(210.4, 244.2, 234.2);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(188.1, 238.8, 223.8)}.alert-color-teal .alert-link{color:#0f6048}.alert-color-green{--bs-alert-color:rgb(15, 81, 50.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(209, 231, 220.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(186, 219, 203.7);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-green .alert-link{color:#0c4128}.alert-cloudinary,.alert-color-pink{--bs-alert-color:rgb(128.4, 30.6, 79.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(246.8, 214.2, 230.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(242.7, 193.8, 218.1);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cloudinary .alert-link,.alert-color-pink .alert-link{color:#67183f}.alert-color-black{--bs-alert-color:black;--bs-alert-bg:#cccccc;--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(178.5, 178.5, 178.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-black .alert-link{color:#000}.alert-color-white{--bs-alert-color:#666666;--bs-alert-bg:white;--bs-alert-border-color:white;background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-white .alert-link{color:#525252}.alert-color-gray{--bs-alert-color:rgb(64.8, 70.2, 75);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(225.6, 227.4, 229);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(210.9, 213.6, 216);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-gray .alert-link{color:#34383c}.alert-color-gray-dark{--bs-alert-color:rgb(31.2, 34.8, 38.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(214.4, 215.6, 216.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(194.1, 195.9, 197.7);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-gray-dark .alert-link{color:#191c1f}.alert-cache{--bs-alert-color:rgb(61.2, 9.6, 145.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(224.4, 207.2, 252.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(209.1, 183.3, 251.1);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cache .alert-link{color:#310874}.alert-notice{--bs-alert-color:rgb(5.2, 80.8, 96);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 244.4, 252);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 239.1, 250.5)}.alert-notice .alert-link{color:#04414d}.alert-advertising,.alert-notice,.alert-topic{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-topic{--bs-alert-color:rgb(113.4, 34.2, 10.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(241.8, 215.4, 207.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(235.2, 195.6, 183.6)}.alert-topic .alert-link{color:#5b1b08}.alert-advertising{--bs-alert-color:rgb(102, 77.2, 2.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(255, 236.4, 180.6)}.alert-advertising .alert-link{color:#523e02}.btn-close{box-sizing:content-box;width:1em;height:1em;padding:.25em;color:#000;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 16 16' fill='%23000'%3e%3cpath d='M.293.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L8 6.586 14.293.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414L9.414 8l6.293 6.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.414L8 9.414l-6.293 6.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414-1.414L6.586 8 .293 1.707a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") center/1em auto no-repeat;border:0;border-radius:.375rem;opacity:.5}.modal{--bs-modal-zindex:1055;--bs-modal-width:500px;--bs-modal-padding:1rem;--bs-modal-margin:0.5rem;--bs-modal-bg:#fff;--bs-modal-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-modal-border-width:1px;--bs-modal-border-radius:0.5rem;--bs-modal-box-shadow:0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);--bs-modal-inner-border-radius:calc(0.5rem - 1px);--bs-modal-header-padding-x:1rem;--bs-modal-header-padding-y:1rem;--bs-modal-header-padding:1rem 1rem;--bs-modal-header-border-color:var(--bs-border-color);--bs-modal-header-border-width:1px;--bs-modal-title-line-height:1.5;--bs-modal-footer-gap:0.5rem;--bs-modal-footer-border-color:var(--bs-border-color);--bs-modal-footer-border-width:1px;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;z-index:var(--bs-modal-zindex);display:none;width:100%;height:100%;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto;outline:0}.modal-dialog{position:relative;width:auto;margin:var(--bs-modal-margin)}.modal.fade .modal-dialog{transform:translate(0,-50px)}.modal-content{position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;width:100%;color:var(--bs-modal-color);background-color:var(--bs-modal-bg);background-clip:padding-box;border:var(--bs-modal-border-width) solid var(--bs-modal-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-modal-border-radius);box-shadow:var(--bs-modal-box-shadow);outline:0}.modal-header{display:flex;flex-shrink:0;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-modal-header-padding);border-bottom:var(--bs-modal-header-border-width) solid var(--bs-modal-header-border-color);border-top-left-radius:var(--bs-modal-inner-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-modal-inner-border-radius)}.modal-title{margin-bottom:0;line-height:var(--bs-modal-title-line-height)}.modal-body{position:relative;flex:1 1 auto;padding:var(--bs-modal-padding)}@media (min-width:576px){.modal{--bs-modal-margin:1.75rem;--bs-modal-box-shadow:0 0.5rem 1rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15)}.modal-dialog{max-width:var(--bs-modal-width);margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}.modal-sm{--bs-modal-width:300px}}.offcanvas{--bs-offcanvas-zindex:1045;--bs-offcanvas-width:400px;--bs-offcanvas-height:30vh;--bs-offcanvas-padding-x:1rem;--bs-offcanvas-padding-y:1rem;--bs-offcanvas-bg:#fff;--bs-offcanvas-border-width:1px;--bs-offcanvas-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-offcanvas-box-shadow:0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:var(--bs-offcanvas-zindex);display:flex;flex-direction:column;max-width:100%;color:var(--bs-offcanvas-color);visibility:hidden;background-color:var(--bs-offcanvas-bg);background-clip:padding-box;outline:0;box-shadow:var(--bs-offcanvas-box-shadow)}.offcanvas.offcanvas-start{top:0;left:0;width:var(--bs-offcanvas-width);border-right:var(--bs-offcanvas-border-width) solid var(--bs-offcanvas-border-color);transform:translateX(-100%)}.offcanvas-header{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y) var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x)}.offcanvas-header .btn-close{padding:calc(var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y)*.5) calc(var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x)*.5);margin-top:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y));margin-right:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x));margin-bottom:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y))}.offcanvas-title{margin-bottom:0;line-height:1.5}.offcanvas-body{flex-grow:1;padding:var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y) var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x);overflow-y:auto}.fixed-top{position:fixed;right:0;left:0;z-index:1030;top:0}.float-start{float:left!important}.float-end{float:right!important}.d-block{display:block!important}.d-flex{display:flex!important}.d-none{display:none!important}.position-relative{position:relative!important}.border{border:var(--bs-border-width) var(--bs-border-style) var(--bs-border-color)!important}.border-secondary{--bs-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb),var(--bs-border-opacity))!important;border-color:rgba(var(--bs-secondary-rgb),var(--bs-border-opacity))!important}.w-33{width:33.3333%!important}.w-50{width:50%!important}.w-75{width:75%!important}.w-100{width:100%!important}.mw-100{max-width:100%!important}.flex-nowrap{flex-wrap:nowrap!important}.align-content-center{align-content:center!important}.mx-auto{margin-right:auto!important;margin-left:auto!important}.my-0{margin-top:0!important;margin-bottom:0!important}.my-1,.navbar-side-item p{margin-top:.25rem!important;margin-bottom:.25rem!important}.my-2{margin-top:.5rem!important;margin-bottom:.5rem!important}.my-3{margin-top:1rem!important;margin-bottom:1rem!important}.mt-0{margin-top:0!important}.mt-1{margin-top:.25rem!important}.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-title h6,.mt-2{margin-top:.5rem!important}.mt-5{margin-top:3rem!important}.me-1{margin-right:.25rem!important}.me-2{margin-right:.5rem!important}.me-3{margin-right:1rem!important}.me-4{margin-right:1.5rem!important}.me-auto{margin-right:auto!important}.mb-0{margin-bottom:0!important}.mb-1{margin-bottom:.25rem!important}.features .story,.mb-2{margin-bottom:.5rem!important}.mb-3{margin-bottom:1rem!important}.mb-5{margin-bottom:3rem!important}.ms-0{margin-left:0!important}.ms-1{margin-left:.25rem!important}.ms-2{margin-left:.5rem!important}.ms-3{margin-left:1rem!important}.ms-auto{margin-left:auto!important}.p-0{padding:0!important}.px-0{padding-right:0!important;padding-left:0!important}.px-4{padding-right:1.5rem!important;padding-left:1.5rem!important}.py-0{padding-top:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.pt-0{padding-top:0!important}.pe-5{padding-right:3rem!important}.pb-1{padding-bottom:.25rem!important}.pb-2{padding-bottom:.5rem!important}.navbar-side-item p{padding-left:0!important}.ps-3{padding-left:1rem!important}.ps-5{padding-left:3rem!important}.features .story,.text-start{text-align:left!important}.text-center{text-align:center!important}.text-uppercase{text-transform:uppercase!important}.text-primary{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important}.text-reset{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:inherit!important}.bg-inverse,.bg-navbar{--bs-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgba(var(--bs-inverse-rgb),var(--bs-bg-opacity))!important}.bg-navbar{background-color:rgba(var(--bs-navbar-rgb),var(--bs-bg-opacity))!important}@media (min-width:576px){.d-sm-none{display:none!important}.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-title h6,.mt-sm-0{margin-top:0!important}.features .story,.mb-sm-5{margin-bottom:3rem!important}.px-sm-0{padding-right:0!important;padding-left:0!important}.ps-sm-0{padding-left:0!important}.ps-sm-2{padding-left:.5rem!important}.form-inline .form-control{max-width:100%}}@media (min-width:768px){.d-md-block{display:block!important}.d-md-flex{display:flex!important}.d-md-none{display:none!important}.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-title h6,.mt-md-2{margin-top:.5rem!important}.features .story,.mb-md-2{margin-bottom:.5rem!important}}@media (min-width:992px){.d-lg-block{display:block!important}.d-lg-none{display:none!important}}@media (min-width:1200px){.d-xl-block{display:block!important}}h1 a,h5 a,h6 a{color:#bd3911}form{font-family:Lato,sans-serif}[role=button]{font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0}button{font-family:Lato,sans-serif!important}.nav-link{font-size:16px;text-transform:uppercase}.nav-bottom .nav-link{font-size:11px;height:100%;letter-spacing:.1em}.nav-bottom li{border-left:1px solid #fff}.nav-bottom li:last-child{border-right:1px solid #fff}@media (max-width:767.98px){.navbar{border-bottom:10px solid #dadcde}body{padding-top:85px}}.navbar-brand img{max-width:none;max-height:65px}.navbar-side{padding:0;list-style:none}.navbar-side a{color:#212529}.navbar-side h6{color:#bd3911;text-transform:uppercase}.navbar-side h6 a{color:#bd3911}.navbar-side hr{border-color:#495057;margin-left:1rem}.navbar-side-item{padding-left:1rem}.menu-side-sections>div li:first-of-type,.navbar-side-item p:first-of-type{margin-top:1.25rem}.navbar-side-item a{font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-weight:700}.navbar-toggler{padding:.75rem!important}.navbar-toggler-left{position:absolute}.alert{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:smaller}.alert-heading{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:1rem;font-weight:lighter}@media (min-width:576px){.container{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}}.blur-up{filter:blur(3px)}.min-h-2{min-height:2rem}.min-h-3{min-height:3rem}html{scroll-padding-top:100px}.panel-heading h6:after{font-family:"Arial Black",Arial,sans-serif;content:"–";float:right;color:#4d4d4f;padding:0 5px;font-size:1.2rem}.panel-heading .collapsed h6:after{content:"+"}.tb-mediagroup{background-color:#fff;padding:5px 0;color:#000}.tb-mediagroup a{color:#000}.tb-mediagroup .panel-heading h6:after,footer nav a{color:#212529}@media (max-width:575.98px){.navbar-brand img{max-width:90%}body:before{content:"xs"}}@media (min-width:576px) and (max-width:767.98px){body:before{content:"sm"}.features .native-ad{max-height:120px}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:991.98px){body:before{content:"md"}}@media (min-width:992px) and (max-width:1199.98px){body:before{content:"lg"}}@media (min-width:1200px) and (max-width:1399.98px){#menu-top-hubs ul{width:1140px}body:before{content:"xl"}}[class^=ad-position]{max-width:1200px}.hidden{display:none}[id^=ntb-tags-level-] .primary-feature-box h6{text-align:center}.printmessage{display:none}.main-photo img{width:100%}@media (min-width:992px){.main-photo{height:355px;width:100%;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:15px}}@media (min-width:1200px){.main-photo{height:422px}}@media (min-width:1400px){#menu-top-hubs ul{width:1320px}body:before{content:"xxl"}[class^=ad-position]{max-width:1400px;margin-right:auto!important;margin-left:auto!important}.main-photo{height:490px}}#secondary-stories img,#tertiary-stories img{max-width:100%}.section-overline{color:#bd3911}.overline,.primary-overline,.section-overline{text-transform:uppercase;width:100%}.overline,.primary-overline{color:#6c757d;margin-bottom:.5rem}.overline{font-size:.75rem}.primary-overline{font-size:1rem}.section-overline{border-top:4px solid #bd3911;padding-top:.5rem;margin-bottom:1rem;text-align:left}.primary-feature-box img{-o-object-fit:fill;object-fit:fill;margin-bottom:.5rem}.feature-grid img,.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-image img,.features .story .item-wrapper>div img{width:100%}.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-image{align-items:center}.object-fit-contain{-o-object-fit:contain;object-fit:contain}.story-list h4{border-top:4px solid #bd3911;padding-top:.5rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;color:#bd3911}.story-list h6{font-size:.75rem;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:0}.story-list p{font-size:.875rem;border-bottom:1px solid #495057;padding-bottom:.5rem;line-height:1.2}.story-list p:last-of-type{border:0}.story-list a{color:#bd3911;font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-weight:bolder}.story-list img{width:80px;height:45px}.story-min-height{min-height:2.6rem}@media (max-width:991.98px){.story-min-height{min-height:1px}}.bxslider{margin:0;padding:0;min-height:250px}ul.bxslider{list-style:none}ul.bxslider li{width:175px}.followus-link{color:#495057;text-decoration:none;font-size:1.5rem}.followus-link:after{display:inline-block;padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem;content:"|"}.followus-link:last-child:after{content:""}</style> <script type="application/json" class="joomla-script-options new">{"system.paths":{"root":"","rootFull":"https:\/\/www.medicaldesignbriefs.com\/","base":"","baseFull":"https:\/\/www.medicaldesignbriefs.com\/"},"csrf.token":"163f439468c8d33f14a51ee2ec6f010d","system.keepalive":{"interval":3600000,"uri":"\/component\/ajax\/?format=json"}}</script> <script type="module"> /*! inlined from /media/system/js/joomla-hidden-mail.min.js by ntb_minifier */ /** * @copyright (C) 2019 Open Source Matters, Inc. <https://www.joomla.org> * @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt */ window.customElements.define('joomla-hidden-mail', class extends HTMLElement { constructor() { super(); this.newElement = ''; this.base = ''; } /** * Lifecycle */ disconnectedCallback() { this.innerHTML = ''; } /** * Lifecycle */ connectedCallback() { this.base = `${this.getAttribute('base')}/`; if (this.getAttribute('is-link') === '1') { this.newElement = document.createElement('a'); this.newElement.setAttribute('href', `mailto:${this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('first'))}@${this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('last'))}`); // Get all of the original element attributes, and pass them to the link [].slice.call(this.attributes).forEach((attribute, index) => { const { nodeName } = this.attributes.item(index); if (nodeName) { // We do care for some attributes if (['is-link', 'is-email', 'first', 'last', 'text'].indexOf(nodeName) === -1) { const { nodeValue } = this.attributes.item(index); this.newElement.setAttribute(nodeName, nodeValue); } } }); } else { this.newElement = document.createElement('span'); } if (this.getAttribute('text')) { let innerStr = this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('text')); innerStr = innerStr.replace('src="images/', `src="${this.base}images/`).replace('src="media/', `src="${this.base}media/`); this.newElement.innerHTML = Joomla.sanitizeHtml(innerStr); } else { this.newElement.innerText = `${window.atob(this.getAttribute('first'))}@${window.atob(this.getAttribute('last'))}`; } // Remove class and style Attributes this.removeAttribute('class'); this.removeAttribute('style'); // Remove the noscript message this.innerText = ''; // Display the new element this.appendChild(this.newElement); } static b64DecodeUnicode(str) { return decodeURIComponent(Array.prototype.map.call(atob(str), c => `%${`00${c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)}`.slice(-2)}`).join('')); } }); /* end /media/system/js/joomla-hidden-mail.min.js */ </script> <script type="module"> /*! inlined from /media/system/js/keepalive.min.js by ntb_minifier */ /** * @copyright (C) 2018 Open Source Matters, Inc. <https://www.joomla.org> * @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt */ /** * Keepalive javascript behavior * * Used for keeping the session alive * * @package Joomla.JavaScript * @since 3.7.0 */ if (!window.Joomla) { throw new Error('Joomla API was not properly initialised'); } const keepAliveOptions = Joomla.getOptions('system.keepalive'); const keepAliveInterval = keepAliveOptions && keepAliveOptions.interval ? parseInt(keepAliveOptions.interval, 10) : 45 * 1000; let keepAliveUri = keepAliveOptions && keepAliveOptions.uri ? keepAliveOptions.uri.replace(/&/g, '&') : ''; // Fallback in case no keepalive uri was found. if (keepAliveUri === '') { const systemPaths = Joomla.getOptions('system.paths'); keepAliveUri = `${systemPaths ? `${systemPaths.root}/index.php` : window.location.pathname}?option=com_ajax&format=json`; } setInterval(() => fetch(keepAliveUri, { method: 'POST' }), keepAliveInterval); /* end /media/system/js/keepalive.min.js */ </script> <script src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" async tb-donotmove></script> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="MDB :: All Articles [RSS]" href="/index.php?component=com_ntb_tags&view=topic&topic_cluster=0&topic_tag=0&nav_cluster=65&nav_tag=0&format=feed&type=rss&limit=20"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="MDB [RSS]" href="/index.php?component=com_ntb_tags&view=topic&topic_cluster=&topic_tag=&nav_cluster=65&nav_tag=&format=feed&type=rss&limit=20"> <link rel="next" href="/?start=0"> <noscript tb-donotmove> <img class="nolazyload" height="1" width="1" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=228022071752970&ev=PageView&noscript=1"/> </noscript>  <script tb-donotmove>(function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'}); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-MSN5FV9'); </script>  </head> <body>  <noscript tb-donotmove > <iframe src = "https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MSN5FV9" height = "0" width = "0" style = "display:none;visibility:hidden" ></iframe > </noscript >  <header class="header"> <div class="header-container container-fluid fixed-top p-0"> <nav class="header-nav navbar navbar-expand-sm navbar-dark bg-inverse"> <div class="container-fluid"> <button class="hamburger navbar-toggler navbar-toggler-left d-sm-none d-block" type="button" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" data-bs-target="#HamburgerSidebar" aria-controls="HamburgerSidebar"> <i class="fas fa-bars"></i> </button> <div id="hamburger-menu" class="navbar-collapse collapse d-md-block d-none"> <ul class="navbar-nav me-auto"> <li class="nav-item active"> <a class="nav-link" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" href="#HamburgerSidebar" role="button" aria-controls="HamburgerSidebar"> <i class="fas fa-bars me-2"></i>Menu </a></li></ul></div> <a href="/" class="navbar-brand ps-sm-0 ps-5 mx-auto"> <img class="logolarge d-none d-md-block nolazyload" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/q_auto,f_auto/sites/mdb/template/site-logo_tag.png" alt="Medical Design Briefs" height="65"/> <img class="logosmall d-md-none nolazyload" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/q_auto,f_auto/sites/mdb/template/site-logo.png" alt="Medical Design Briefs"/> </a> <div id="newsmag-menu" class="navbar-collapse collapse"><ul class="navbar-nav ms-auto"> <li class="nav-item d-lg-block d-none"> <a class="nav-link" href="#" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#cb-form">LOGIN</a></li> <li class="nav-item d-lg-block d-none"> <a class="nav-link" href="/account/registration">SIGN UP</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" id="search-side-button" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" href="#HamburgerSidebar" role="button" aria-controls="HamburgerSidebar"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> </a></li></ul></div></div> </nav> <nav class="main-nav bg-navbar navbar navbar-expand-sm navbar-dark main-nav nav-fill py-0"> <div class="main-nav-container container mx-auto px-0"><div id="menu-top-hubs"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav nav-bottom flex-nowrap d-md-flex d-none mx-auto"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing">Materials & Manufacturing</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/design-testing">Design & Testing</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables">Sensors & Wearables</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software">Electronics & Software</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation">Robotics & Automation</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity">IoMT & Connectivity</a></li></ul></div></div> <div aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true" style="position: relative"> <div id="toast_container" style="position: absolute; top: 40px; right: 5px; z-index: 10"></div></div> </nav></div><div class="offcanvas offcanvas-start" tabindex="-1" id="HamburgerSidebar" aria-labelledby="HamburgerSidebarLabel"> <div class="offcanvas-header"> <h5 class="offcanvas-title" id="HamburgerSidebarLabel"></h5> <button type="button" class="btn-close text-reset" data-bs-dismiss="offcanvas" aria-label="Close"></button></div> <div class="offcanvas-body px-0 pt-0"> <div class="search-container w-100 ps-3"><form id="searchform" action="/mdb/search" method="get"> <div class="input-group pe-5"> <div class="form-floating"> <input type="text" name="query" placeholder="Search" id="searchbox" class="form-control" value=""> <label for="searchbox">Search</label></div> <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" onclick="$('#searchform').submit()"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> </button></div></form></div> <ul class="navbar-side nav-bar"><div class="menu-side-sections row me-1"> <div class="navbar-side-item col-12"> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/">Home</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/techbriefs">Tech Briefs</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/tv/medical">Tech Briefs TV</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/webcasts">Webinars</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/webcasts/podcasts">Podcasts</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/whitepapers">White Papers</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/markets">Markets</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/features">Features</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories/blog">Medical Blog</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories">Stories</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories/trivia">Trivia Questions</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/events">Events</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/sponsored/ask-the-expert">Ask the Expert</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories/quiz">Quizzes</a></li></div></div><div id="sidebar-accordion" class="navbar-side-item" role="tablist" aria-multiselectable="true"><div id="menu-side-hubs"> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing">Materials & Manufacturing</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1446" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1446" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1446"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1446" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1446"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/manufacturing-prototyping">Manufacturing & Prototyping</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/custom-contract-manufacturing">Custom & Contract Manufacturing</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/materials-adhesives-coatings">Materials, Adhesives & Coatings</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/tubing-extrusion">Tubing/Extrusion</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing">Design & Testing</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1447" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1447" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1447"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1447" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1447"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/testing">Testing</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/design-engineering">Design/Engineering</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/packaging-sterilization">Packaging/Sterilization</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/fda-regulatory">FDA/Regulatory</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/markets">Markets</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables">Sensors & Wearables</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1448" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1448" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1448"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1448" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1448"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables/sensors">Sensors</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables/wearables">Wearables</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software">Electronics & Software</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1533" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1533" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1533"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1533" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1533"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software/electronics">Electronics</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software/software">Software</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software/optics-photonics">Optics/Photonics</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation">Robotics & Automation</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1449" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1449" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1449"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1449" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1449"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation/robotics">Robotics</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation/automation-controls">Automation & Controls</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation/mechanical-components">Mechanical Components</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity">IoMT & Connectivity</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1451" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1451" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1451"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1451" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1451"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity/iomt-iot">IoMT/IoT</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity/connectivity">Connectivity</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity/ar-ai">AR/AI</a></p></div></div></div></div><div class="menu-side-explore row mt-2 me-1 tb-mediagroup"> <div class="explore-title col-10 navbar-side-item"> <h6 class="my-2">Explore SAE Media Group</h6></div> <div id="explore-heading" class="col-2 navbar-side-item panel-heading" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed mt-1" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#explore-collapse" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="explore-collapse"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="explore-collapse" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="explore-heading"> <div class="explore-wrapper col-12"> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/">Tech Briefs</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/">Mobility Engineering Technology</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://createthefuturecontest.com">Create the Future Design Contest</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/tb/spinoff">NASA Spinoffs</a></li></div></div></div><div class="col-12 px-0"> <li class="me-3"> <p><a href="/component/content/article/52536-doc-9560" class="side-link w-75"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_400,f_auto,q_auto/v1738128093/sites/mdb/covers/MDB-2025-02.jpg' class='w-50 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Magazine cover' /></a></p> <p><a href="/component/content/article/52536-doc-9560" class="side-link text-uppercase">Current Issue</a></p></li> <li> <p><a href="/mdb/magazine/archives" class="side-link text-uppercase">Magazine Archives</a></p></li> <li> <p> <a href="https://tbm.dragonforms.com/loading.do?omedasite=MDBland" target="_km"> <button class="btn btn-primary btn-sm"> SUBSCRIBE <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </button> </a></p></li></div><div class="menu-side-followus mb-5"> <hr class="ms-0 me-4 my-1"> <div class="followus-wrapper my-3"> <div class="title-wrapper"> <h6 class="mb-0">FOLLOW US</h6></div> <div class="menu-wrapper"> <p class="text-primary"> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=facebook&username=MedicalDesignBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-facebook"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=twitter&username=MedicalBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-x-twitter"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=linkedin_company&username=sae-media-group" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=instagram&username=mdbmagazine" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-instagram"></i></a></p></div></div></div></div></ul></div></div></header> <section id="print-only-message" class="printmessage"> <h6><img data-src="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/q_auto,f_auto/sites/mdb/template/print-logo_tag.png" class="printlogo lazyload"/></h6> </section> <span itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <meta itemprop="name" content="SAE Media Group"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com"/> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com/templates/tbmg/images/tbmg_logo.png"/> <meta itemprop="width" content="210"/> <meta itemprop="height" content="50"/> </span> </span><div class="container"><div id="system-message-container"></div><div id="ntb-tags-level-top"><section id="primary-stories"> <div class="primary-features row my-3"> <div class="left-column col-lg-8 col-md-7"> <div class="feature-top"><div class="primary-feature-box text-center"> <div class="main-photo"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52582-mass-3d-printing-in-space-for-the-first-time"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_1000/v1739940488/sites/tb/features-16x9/52582/021925-tb-blog_implants_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='1000' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <h6 class="primary-overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-pen-fancy me-1"></i> Blog: Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6> <h1><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52582-mass-3d-printing-in-space-for-the-first-time">Mass 3D Printing in Space for the First Time</a></h1></div></div></div> <div class="right-column col-lg-4 col-md-5 d-md-block d-none"><div class="story-list row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Top Stories</h4><div class="top-stories-box story-list"> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/52272-implantable-sensors-for-internal-health-monitoring"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1734707379/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52272/122024_mdb_podcasts_adobe_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Wearables</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52272-implantable-sensors-for-internal-health-monitoring" alt="Implantable Sensors for Internal Health Monitoring"> Implantable Sensors for Internal Health Monitoring</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/52513-uv-cure-silicone-elastomers"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1738665623/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52513/20250204_medical_design_story3_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52513-uv-cure-silicone-elastomers" alt="UV Cure Silicone Elastomers"> UV Cure Silicone Elastomers</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/52283-adhesive-bonding-of-plastics-in-medical-devices-part2"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1735957527/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52283/mdb-0125-p11_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Mechanical & Fluid Systems</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52283-adhesive-bonding-of-plastics-in-medical-devices-part2" alt="Adhesive Bonding of Plastics in Medical Devices, Part 2: Material Properties of Plastics"> Adhesive Bonding of Plastics in Medical Devices, Part 2: Material...</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/52301-product-focus-motors-and-motion-control-2024"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1735965016/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52301/mdb-0125-p32_fig2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-hockey-puck me-1"></i> Products: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52301-product-focus-motors-and-motion-control-2024" alt="Product Focus: Motors and Motion Control"> Product Focus: Motors and Motion Control</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/52395-the-integration-of-sensors-into-next-generation-health-devices"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1737827332/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52395/012025-mdb-podcast_adobe2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52395-the-integration-of-sensors-into-next-generation-health-devices" alt="The Integration of Sensors into Next-Generation Health Devices"> The Integration of Sensors into Next-Generation Health Devices</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/52292-from-the-editor-mdb-0125"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1735958135/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52292/mdb-0125-p2-fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-newspaper me-1"></i> From the Editor: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52292-from-the-editor-mdb-0125" alt="From the Editor - Bipartisan Legislation Could Fast-Track Breakthrough Medical Devices"> From the Editor - Bipartisan Legislation Could Fast-Track Breakthrough...</a></p></div></div></div></div></div> </section><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_1800x450',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_1800x450',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[1800,450]],div_id:'GAM_pos_11_modid_389',target_pos:'11',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_11_modid_389' class=""></div></div></div><section id="secondary-stories" class="mw-100"> <div class="grid-features row"> <div class="left-column col-lg-8 col-md-7"> <div class="feature-grid"><div class="section-header row mb-2"> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline mb-0">Latest Briefs & News</h4></div></div> <div class="features row"><div class="story text-start col-md-6 mb-md-2 mb-sm-5 mb-2"> <div class="item-wrapper row"> <div class="feature-image text-center col-md-12 col-sm-5 col-12"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52395-the-integration-of-sensors-into-next-generation-health-devices"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_500/v1737827332/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52395/012025-mdb-podcast_adobe2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='500' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title col-md-12 col-sm-7 col-12"> <h6 class="overline mt-md-2 mt-sm-0 mt-2"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Wearables</h6> <h5><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52395-the-integration-of-sensors-into-next-generation-health-devices">The Integration of Sensors into Next-Generation Health Devices</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="story text-start col-md-6 mb-md-2 mb-sm-5 mb-2"> <div class="item-wrapper row"> <div class="feature-image text-center col-md-12 col-sm-5 col-12"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52541-qosina-announces-collaboration-with-b-braun"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_500/v1738788241/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52541/20250206_medical_design_story2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='500' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title col-md-12 col-sm-7 col-12"> <h6 class="overline mt-md-2 mt-sm-0 mt-2"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6> <h5><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52541-qosina-announces-collaboration-with-b-braun">Qosina Announces Collaboration with B. Braun</a></h5></div></div></div><script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'mediacaldesignbriefs.com_native1',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/mediacaldesignbriefs.com_native1',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid'],div_id:'GAM_pos_41_modid_437',target_pos:'41',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_41_modid_437' class="story native-ad"></div><div class="story text-start col-md-6 mb-md-2 mb-sm-5 mb-2"> <div class="item-wrapper row"> <div class="feature-image text-center col-md-12 col-sm-5 col-12"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52542-intricon-announces-expansion-to-boost-production"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_500/v1738788369/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52542/20250206_medical_design_story4_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='500' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title col-md-12 col-sm-7 col-12"> <h6 class="overline mt-md-2 mt-sm-0 mt-2"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6> <h5><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52542-intricon-announces-expansion-to-boost-production">Intricon Announces Expansion to Boost Production</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="story text-start col-md-6 mb-md-2 mb-sm-5 mb-2"> <div class="item-wrapper row"> <div class="feature-image text-center col-md-12 col-sm-5 col-12"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52540-insights-into-the-state-of-the-plastics-processing-industry"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_500/v1738788149/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52540/20250206_medical_design_story1_feature_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='500' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title col-md-12 col-sm-7 col-12"> <h6 class="overline mt-md-2 mt-sm-0 mt-2"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6> <h5><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52540-insights-into-the-state-of-the-plastics-processing-industry">Insights into the State of the Plastics Processing Industry</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="story text-start col-md-6 mb-md-2 mb-sm-5 mb-2"> <div class="item-wrapper row"> <div class="feature-image text-center col-md-12 col-sm-5 col-12"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52535-mmt-to-showcase-catheter-and-guidewire-manufacturing-solutions"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_500/v1738710913/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52535/20250205_medical_design_story5_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='500' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title col-md-12 col-sm-7 col-12"> <h6 class="overline mt-md-2 mt-sm-0 mt-2"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6> <h5><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52535-mmt-to-showcase-catheter-and-guidewire-manufacturing-solutions">MMT to Showcase Catheter and Guidewire Manufacturing Solutions</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="story text-start col-md-6 mb-md-2 mb-sm-5 mb-2"> <div class="item-wrapper row"> <div class="feature-image text-center col-md-12 col-sm-5 col-12"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52533-zeus-launches-next-gen-film-cast-liners"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_500/v1738710721/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52533/20250205_medical_design_story2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='500' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title col-md-12 col-sm-7 col-12"> <h6 class="overline mt-md-2 mt-sm-0 mt-2"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6> <h5><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52533-zeus-launches-next-gen-film-cast-liners">Zeus Launches Next-Gen Film-Cast Liners</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="story text-start col-md-6 mb-md-2 mb-sm-5 mb-2"> <div class="item-wrapper row"> <div class="feature-image text-center col-md-12 col-sm-5 col-12"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52534-biointeractions-launches-surface-active-therapeutics"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_500/v1738710831/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52534/20250205_medical_design_story3_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='500' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title col-md-12 col-sm-7 col-12"> <h6 class="overline mt-md-2 mt-sm-0 mt-2"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6> <h5><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52534-biointeractions-launches-surface-active-therapeutics">BioInteractions Launches Surface Active Therapeutics</a></h5></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="right-column col-lg-4 col-md-5 d-md-block d-none"><div class="row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Ask the Expert</h4> <div class="ntb-asktheexpert"> <h6>Ralph Bright on the Power of Power Cords</h6> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_3:4,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1593634190/sites/mdb/articles/2020/sponsored/asktheexpert/ralph_bright.jpg' class='float-start w-33 me-2 mb-1 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /><p>Understanding power system components and how to connect them correctly is critical to meeting regulatory requirements and designing successful electrical products for worldwide markets. Interpower’s Ralph Bright defines these requirements and explains how to know which cord to select for your application.</p> <a href="/component/content/article/36279-ask-the-expert-ralph-bright-on-the-power-of-power-cords"> <button class="btn btn-primary text-uppercase"> Read More  <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </button> </a></div></div></div> <div class="story-list row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Webcasts</h4><div class="webinars-box story-list"> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1737827332/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52395/012025-mdb-podcast_adobe2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52395-the-integration-of-sensors-into-next-generation-health-devices"> The Integration of Sensors into Next-Generation Health Devices</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1737160371/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52396/011725-mdb-podcast-adobe_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52396-the-role-of-mems-in-next-gen-medical-devices"> The Role of MEMS in Next-Gen Medical Devices</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1734707379/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52272/122024_mdb_podcasts_adobe_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52272-implantable-sensors-for-internal-health-monitoring"> Implantable Sensors for Internal Health Monitoring</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730251179/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51616/enedo-a-guide-to-selecting-power-supplies_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-bullhorn me-1"></i> On-Demand Webinars: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51616-a-guide-to-selecting-power-supplies-for-medical-equipment"> A Guide to Selecting Power Supplies for Medical Equipment</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1733516507/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52229/120624-mdb-podcast_sensors_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52229-the-rise-of-advanced-sensor-technologies"> The Rise of Advanced Sensor Technologies</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730288828/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51806/cpc-benefits-of-streamlining_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-bullhorn me-1"></i> On-Demand Webinars: Materials</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51806-benefits-of-streamlining-fluid-connections-in-medical-applications"> Benefits of Streamlining Fluid Connections in Medical Applications</a></p></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_21_modid_404',target_pos:'21',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_21_modid_404' class=""></div></div></div></div></div> </section> <section id="sponsored-content"> <div class="mid-sponsor" id="mid-sponsor"><div class="ntb-bxslider row mb-0"> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">White Papers</h4></div> <div class="bxs-default hidden text-center d-sm-block col-1 pt-5 d-none"> <h3><span id="bxs-default-prev"></span></h3></div> <div id="bxs-default" class="bxs-default hidden align-content-center col-sm-10 px-sm-0 col-12 px-4 my-0"> <ul class="bxslider"> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52515-doc-9558" alt="Calculating Gas Flow Through Orifices — A Technical Guide"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1738639556/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/OKeefe_Calculating-Gas-Flow-Through-Orifices-Technical-Guide.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Test & Measurement</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52515-doc-9558" alt="Calculating Gas Flow Through Orifices — A Technical Guide">Calculating Gas Flow Through Orifices — A...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50961-doc-9371" alt="5 Key Considerations to Achieve a Superior Medical Connector Design"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1718448929/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Ametek-EMC_5 Key-Considerations-to-Achieve-a-Superior-Medical-Connector-Design.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Connectivity</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50961-doc-9371" alt="5 Key Considerations to Achieve a Superior Medical Connector Design">5 Key Considerations to Achieve a Superior...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/48005-doc-8969" alt="Drive Systems for Medical and Laboratory Equipment"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1731608946/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Faulhaber_Drive-Systems-for-Medical-and-Laboratory-Equipment-2024.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Robotics, Automation & Control</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/48005-doc-8969" alt="Drive Systems for Medical and Laboratory Equipment">Drive Systems for Medical and Laboratory Equipment</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51154-doc-9399" alt="Get the Inside Story on Implantable Medical Devices"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1722092733/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Eurofins_Inside-Story-on-Implantable-Medical-Devices.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51154-doc-9399" alt="Get the Inside Story on Implantable Medical Devices">Get the Inside Story on Implantable Medical...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52007-doc-9509" alt="Mitigating Risks in Medical Device Manufacturing"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1730881931/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Aerotech_Mitigating-Risks-in-Medical-Device-Manufacturing.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Mechanical & Fluid Systems</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52007-doc-9509" alt="Mitigating Risks in Medical Device Manufacturing">Mitigating Risks in Medical Device Manufacturing</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50185-doc-9246" alt="Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators Part 4: Matching Technical Expertise in Equipment and Software Applications"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1708992709/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Flexan_Manufacturing-Transfers-for-Medtech-Innovators-Part4.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50185-doc-9246" alt="Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators Part 4: Matching Technical Expertise in Equipment and Software Applications">Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51901-doc-9503" alt="10 Things You Should Do Before You Validate Your Next Package"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1730259620/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/DDL_10-Things-You-Should-Do-Before-You-Validate-Your-Next-Package.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51901-doc-9503" alt="10 Things You Should Do Before You Validate Your Next Package">10 Things You Should Do Before You Validate Your...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50938-doc-9366" alt="A Faster Route to Custom-Design Molecular Diagnostic Instruments"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1717953567/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Tecan_A-Faster-Route-to-Custom-Design-Molecular-Diagnostic-Instruments.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Mechanical & Fluid Systems</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50938-doc-9366" alt="A Faster Route to Custom-Design Molecular Diagnostic Instruments">A Faster Route to Custom-Design Molecular...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52501-doc-9557" alt="Design of Advanced Catheters Using Flexible Circuit Boards"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1738468544/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/CathPrint_Design-of-Advanced-Catheters-Using-Flexible-Circuit-Boards.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Design</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52501-doc-9557" alt="Design of Advanced Catheters Using Flexible Circuit Boards">Design of Advanced Catheters Using Flexible...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50184-doc-9254" alt="Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators Part 3: Making a Move"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1708992030/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Flexan_Manufacturing-Transfers-for-Medtech-Innovators-Part3.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50184-doc-9254" alt="Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators Part 3: Making a Move">Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52072-doc-9518" alt="The Role of Single Board Computers in Advancing Medical Technology"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1732038854/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Kontron_The-Role-of-Single-Board-Computers.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Electronics & Computers</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52072-doc-9518" alt="The Role of Single Board Computers in Advancing Medical Technology">The Role of Single Board Computers in Advancing...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51146-doc-9397" alt="eBook: Top Adhesives for Medical Device Applications"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1721747661/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Master-Bond_Top-Adhesives-for-Medical-Device-Applications.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51146-doc-9397" alt="eBook: Top Adhesives for Medical Device Applications">eBook: Top Adhesives for Medical Device...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51972-doc-9505" alt="How to Improve Machine Performance with Multi-Axis Motion System Error Budgeting"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1733769664/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Aerotech_How-to-Improve-Machine-Performance-with-Multi-Axis-Motion-System-Error-Budgeting.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51972-doc-9505" alt="How to Improve Machine Performance with Multi-Axis Motion System Error Budgeting">How to Improve Machine Performance with...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51624-doc-9477" alt="Design Considerations for EMI Shielding in Medical Applications"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1733070876/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Avnet-TE_EMI-Shielding-Design-Considerations.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Design</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51624-doc-9477" alt="Design Considerations for EMI Shielding in Medical Applications">Design Considerations for EMI Shielding in...</a></h6></li></ul></div> <div class="bxs-default hidden text-center d-sm-block col-1 pt-5 d-none"> <h3><span id="bxs-default-next"></span></h3></div></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[1200,150]],div_id:'GAM_pos_12_modid_419',target_pos:'12',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_12_modid_419' class=""></div></div></div></div> </section> <section id="tertiary-stories" class="mw-100"> <div class="lower-stories"> <div class="section-header row"> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline mb-4">Latest Briefs & News</h4></div></div> <div class="lower-features row"><div class="bottom-feature-box col-sm-6 mb-sm-0 mb-5"> <div class="feature-image object-fit-fill mb-2"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52452-researchers-develop-microchips-that-detect-and-diagnose-diseases"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_800/v1738464238/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52452/mdb-0225-p26_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='800' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-balance-scale me-1"></i> Briefs: Medical</h6> <h4><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52452-researchers-develop-microchips-that-detect-and-diagnose-diseases">Researchers Develop Microchips That Detect and Diagnose Diseases</a></h4></div></div><div class="bottom-feature-box col-sm-6 mb-sm-0 mb-5"> <div class="feature-image object-fit-fill mb-2"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52453-scalable-3d-printing-technique-produces-stretchable-flexible-soft-plastics"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_800/v1738464187/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52453/mdb-0225-p27_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='800' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-balance-scale me-1"></i> Briefs: Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6> <h4><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52453-scalable-3d-printing-technique-produces-stretchable-flexible-soft-plastics">Scalable 3D Printing Technique Produces Stretchable, Flexible Soft Plastics </a></h4></div></div></div> <div class="item-list-container row mt-sm-4 mt-0"> <div class="left-column col-lg-8 col-md-7 col-12"><div class="item-list"><div id="ntb-tags-index"> <div id="topic-cluster-id" class="d-none"></div> <div id="topic-tag-id" class="d-none"></div> <div id="nav-cluster-id" class="d-none">65</div> <div id="nav-tag-id" class="d-none"></div> <div id="show-future" class="d-none">0</div> <div id="page-start" class="d-none">0</div> <div id="page-limit" class="d-none">30</div> <div ><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-download me-1"></i> White Papers: Design</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-2 col-sm-4 col-5 px-0"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51624-doc-9477"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1733070876/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Avnet-TE_EMI-Shielding-Design-Considerations.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 border lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a></div> <div class="col"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51624-doc-9477">Design Considerations for EMI Shielding in Medical Applications</a></h5> Increased communication and the use of wireless technology in more applications are creating more noise and interference than before. This is why it’s imperative for engineers to...<p class="card-text mb-0"> <a href="/component/content/article/51624-doc-9477" class="feed_item_link"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm"> FREE DOWNLOAD<span class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-angle-right ms-2"></span> </button> </a></p></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52512-smart-factory-medical-device-assembly">Smart Factory Medical Device Assembly</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52512" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Nordson EFD (Booth 2715) is showcasing its PICO Nexμs jetting system at MD&M West. Medical device manufacturers can view this smart factory solution and its web-based interface for remote...</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52512" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52512-smart-factory-medical-device-assembly"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738665464/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52512/20250204_medical_design_story4_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52513-uv-cure-silicone-elastomers">UV Cure Silicone Elastomers</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52513" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Momentive Performance Materials (Booth 2427) is demonstrating its silicone elastomers for long-term implants at MD&M West. Momentive's ReliaSil UV product line combines the benefits of the ambient cure found in...</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52513" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52513-uv-cure-silicone-elastomers"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738665623/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52513/20250204_medical_design_story3_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-download me-1"></i> White Papers: Test & Measurement</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-2 col-sm-4 col-5 px-0"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52515-doc-9558"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1738639556/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/OKeefe_Calculating-Gas-Flow-Through-Orifices-Technical-Guide.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 border lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a></div> <div class="col"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52515-doc-9558">Calculating Gas Flow Through Orifices — A Technical Guide</a></h5> Medical applications dealing with gases are many. Precise flow is required for correct mixing of gases and for pneumatic equipment applications, as examples. There are several...<p class="card-text mb-0"> <a href="/component/content/article/52515-doc-9558" class="feed_item_link"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm"> FREE DOWNLOAD<span class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-angle-right ms-2"></span> </button> </a></p></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52514-silicone-pressure-sensitive-adhesives">Silicone Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52514" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> WACKER Chemical Corporation (Booth 1815) is featuring its portfolio of silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives, gamma radiation sterilization techniques for silicones, and contract manufacturing...</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52514" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52514-silicone-pressure-sensitive-adhesives"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738665628/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52514/20250204_medical_design_story2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-hockey-puck me-1"></i> Products: Electronics & Computers</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52497-product-of-the-month-mdb-0225">Product of the Month</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52497" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> See the product of the month, LEMO's expanded current range of high-voltage connectors that offer 5 kV on 26 or 34 contacts within a compact Ø 18 mm design.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52497" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52497-product-of-the-month-mdb-0225"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738296111/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52497/mdb-0225-p32_fig1r_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52460-2025-trends-in-healthcare-bridging-technology-personalization-and-accessibility">2025 Trends in Healthcare: Bridging Technology, Personalization, and Accessibility </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52460" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> The healthcare landscape in 2025 will be reshaped by advancements in data analytics, AI, IoT, and wearable technologies, which together promise predictive, personalized, and accessible care. Read on to learn more about Editor and Director of Medical Content Sherrie Trigg's, as well as other industry professionals', thoughts on the matter.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52460" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52460-2025-trends-in-healthcare-bridging-technology-personalization-and-accessibility"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738721635/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52460/mdb-0225-p7_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-hockey-puck me-1"></i> Products: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52459-medical-podcasts-mdb-0225">Medical Podcasts</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52459" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Listen to MDB's medical podcasts, including one on the rise of advanced sensor technologies; one on the advancements that allow for continuous, real-time data collection from within the human body; one on the exploration of devices from fitness trackers to smartwatches; and one on the transformative role of microfabrication and MEMS technology in advancing sensor integration for medical devices. Listen now!</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52459" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52459-medical-podcasts-mdb-0225"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738459659/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52459/mdb-0225-p6_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-newspaper me-1"></i> From the Editor: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52458-from-the-editor-mdb-0225">From the Editor - AI Tops ECRI’s 2025 Health Tech Hazards List</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52458" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> ECRI’s top 10 health technology hazards for 2025, in rank order, are... Read on to find out who made the list.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52458" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52458-from-the-editor-mdb-0225"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738459572/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52458/mdb-0225-p4-fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-hockey-puck me-1"></i> Products: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52457-product-focus-power-supplies-0225">Product Focus: Power Supplies</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52457" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> See where the product focus is this month: power supplies, including XP Power's family of single-output, PCB-mounting AC-DC power modules; a 3W medical DC-DC converter in a compact DIP case available from Micropower Direct; Advanced Energy Industries' 4 KJ capacitor charging unit with an integrated configurable 800 W AC-DC power supply designed to power medical laser applications; and more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52457" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52457-product-focus-power-supplies-0225"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738464502/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52457/mdb-0225-p32_fig2r_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-hockey-puck me-1"></i> Products: Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52456-new-products-and-services-mdb-0225">New Products and Services</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52456" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> See the new products and services, including an auto-zero valve from Superior Sensor Technology; binder's angled panel-mount connectors; AMADA WELD TECH's integration of blue laser technology into its suite of micro welding technologies; maxon's high-efficiency joint drive; and more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52456" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52456-new-products-and-services-mdb-0225"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738464450/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52456/mdb-0225-p32_fig7r_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-balance-scale me-1"></i> Briefs: Design</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52455-a-tapeworm-inspired-tissue-anchoring-mechanism-for-medical-devices">A Tapeworm-Inspired, Tissue-Anchoring Mechanism for Medical Devices</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52455" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> A new interdisciplinary effort led by Robert Wood, the Harry Lewis and Marlyn McGrath Professor of Engineering and Applied Sciences in the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and James Weaver, of Harvard’s Wyss Institute, has drawn inspiration from an unexpected source: the world of parasites. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52455" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52455-a-tapeworm-inspired-tissue-anchoring-mechanism-for-medical-devices"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738464105/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52455/mdb-0225-p30_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-balance-scale me-1"></i> Briefs: Materials</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52454-materials-help-manage-side-effects-of-brain-pacemakers">Materials Help Manage Side Effects of Brain Pacemakers</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52454" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> A team at the Nanostructured and Novel Materials Laboratory at the University of Tabriz has created organic materials for brain and heart pacemakers that rely on uninterrupted signal delivery to be effective. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52454" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52454-materials-help-manage-side-effects-of-brain-pacemakers"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738464210/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52454/mdb-0225-p29_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-balance-scale me-1"></i> Briefs: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52451-prosthetic-material-could-help-reduce-infections-from-intravenous-catheters">Prosthetic Material Could Help Reduce Infections from Intravenous Catheters </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52451" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Published in the journal Scientific Reports, researchers have created realistic, skin-like replicas made of Ecoflex, a type of silicone rubber that can potentially serve as a platform to evaluate risks of bacterial infections from intravenous catheters and test wearable sensors, among other biomedical applications. Read on to learn what the study found.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52451" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52451-prosthetic-material-could-help-reduce-infections-from-intravenous-catheters"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738464330/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52451/mdb-0225-p25_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-balance-scale me-1"></i> Briefs: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52450-near-void-free-3d-printing">Near-Void-Free 3D Printing</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52450" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Researchers at The Institute of Metal Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have made significant strides in the development and manufacturing of near-void-free titanium alloys using 3D printing. This achievement could lead to the production of titanium alloy materials with exceptional fatigue resistance, paving the way for broader applications of metal 3D printing materials. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52450" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52450-near-void-free-3d-printing"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738463939/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52450/mdb-0225-p24_fig2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-balance-scale me-1"></i> Briefs: Materials</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52449-additive-manufacturing-for-platinum-alloys">Additive Manufacturing for Platinum Alloys</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52449" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> The use of platinum-iridium (PtIr) alloys for pins and electrodes in medical devices is growing substantially in applications such as cardio and neuromodulation devices. This article focuses on PtIr applications. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52449" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52449-additive-manufacturing-for-platinum-alloys"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738463980/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52449/mdb-0225-p23_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-newspaper me-1"></i> R&D: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52448-3d-printing-shape-changing-materials">3D Printing Shape-Changing Materials</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52448" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Researchers have helped create a new 3D printing approach for shape-changing materials that are likened to muscles, opening the door for improved applications in robotics as well as biomedical and energy devices. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52448" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52448-3d-printing-shape-changing-materials"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738434561/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52448/mdb-0225-p20_fig4_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-newspaper me-1"></i> R&D: Wearables</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52447-gel-based-nanogenerators-for-wearables">Gel-Based Nanogenerators for Wearables</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52447" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Researchers have developed a gel polymer-based triboelectric nanogenerator that generates electrical signals from body movement to power electronics like LEDs and functions as a self-powered touch panel for user identification. The device can stretch up to 375 percent of its original size and withstand rigorous mechanical deformations, making it suitable for wearable applications. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52447" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52447-gel-based-nanogenerators-for-wearables"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738434374/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52447/mdb-0225-p20_fig3_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_22_modid_421',target_pos:'22',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_22_modid_421' class=""></div></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-newspaper me-1"></i> R&D: Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52446-sensors-charge-biological-cells">Sensors Charge Biological Cells</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52446" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> A team has developed new biosensors with which the ratio of NADPH to NADP+ can be measured in living cells in real time for the first time. The team’s observations provide new insights into the evolution of the most important protective function of cells, cellular detoxification. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52446" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52446-sensors-charge-biological-cells"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738434679/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52446/mdb-0225-p20_fig2r_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-newspaper me-1"></i> R&D: Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52445-efficient-wearable-energy-harvester">Efficient Wearable Energy Harvester</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52445" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Researchers have developed a three-dimensional stretchable piezoelectric energy harvester that can harvest electrical energy using body movements. The device is to be used as a wearable energy harvester as it can be attached to the skin or clothes. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52445" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52445-efficient-wearable-energy-harvester"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738434441/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52445/mdb-0225-p20_fig1r_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Wearables</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52444-landmark-fda-clearance-may-accelerate-compelling-digital-therapeutics">Landmark FDA Clearance May Accelerate Compelling Digital Therapeutics </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52444" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Read on to learn more about a significant step forward in the rapidly evolving field of digital therapeutics (DTx).</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52444" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52444-landmark-fda-clearance-may-accelerate-compelling-digital-therapeutics"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738464372/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52444/mdb-0225-p16_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Materials</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52443-silicones-a-skin-friendly-gamma-sterilizable-pressure-sensitive-adhesive">Silicones A Skin-Friendly Gamma-Sterilizable Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52443" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Traditionally, silicone PSAs, which are the most skin-friendly adhesives for attaching medical devices to the skin, could only be sterilized with EtO. However, a new silicone PSA is capable of enduring sterilizing doses of gamma radiation. This recent advancement enables numerous new applications for silicone PSAs in medical devices that were previously unattainable. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52443" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52443-silicones-a-skin-friendly-gamma-sterilizable-pressure-sensitive-adhesive"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738464399/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52443/mdb-0225-p12_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-download me-1"></i> White Papers: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-2 col-sm-4 col-5 px-0"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52501-doc-9557"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1738468544/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/CathPrint_Design-of-Advanced-Catheters-Using-Flexible-Circuit-Boards.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 border lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a></div> <div class="col"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52501-doc-9557">Design of Advanced Catheters Using Flexible Circuit Boards</a></h5> This white paper examines the evolution of flexible printed circuit boards (PCBs) in advanced catheter design, highlighting the transition from wire-based systems to flexible PCBs. It...<p class="card-text mb-0"> <a href="/component/content/article/52501-doc-9557" class="feed_item_link"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm"> FREE DOWNLOAD<span class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-angle-right ms-2"></span> </button> </a></p></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-newspaper me-1"></i> Trivia: Wearables</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52431-trivia-012725">Technology</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52431" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> In 2012, what technology that is ubiquitous in our everyday lives was used to recognize and measure DNA concentration?</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52431" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52431-trivia-012725"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1737695105/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52431/20250127_40662224_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-download me-1"></i> White Papers: Motion Control</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-2 col-sm-4 col-5 px-0"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/48005-doc-8969"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1731608946/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Faulhaber_Drive-Systems-for-Medical-and-Laboratory-Equipment-2024.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 border lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a></div> <div class="col"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/48005-doc-8969">Drive Systems for Medical and Laboratory Equipment</a></h5> Patients usually are not aware of it, but drive systems are always at their side: in prophylaxis when dentist’s use handtools with ultra-low vibrations, in diagnostics systems where medical...<p class="card-text mb-0"> <a href="/component/content/article/48005-doc-8969" class="feed_item_link"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm"> FREE DOWNLOAD<span class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-angle-right ms-2"></span> </button> </a></p></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52396-the-role-of-mems-in-next-gen-medical-devices">The Role of MEMS in Next-Gen Medical Devices</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52396" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> How microfabrication and MEMS technology are driving sensor-based medical devices.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52396" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52396-the-role-of-mems-in-next-gen-medical-devices"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1737160371/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52396/011725-mdb-podcast-adobe_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52394-device-measures-glucose-levels-using-sweat">Device Measures Glucose Levels Using Sweat</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_52394" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Researchers hope to transform diabetes management by eliminating the pain and hassle. The paper-based biosensor system uses Bacillus subtilis bacterial spores that germinate in response to glucose in...</div></div></div> <div id="f2_52394" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/52394-device-measures-glucose-levels-using-sweat"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1736888656/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52394/20250115_medical_design_story1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div></div></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 mt-4"> <a href="/?start=0"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary "> MORE STORIES<span class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-angle-right ms-2"></span> </button> </a></div></div></div></div> <div class="right-column col-lg-4 col-md-5 col-12 mt-md-0 mt-4"><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_22_modid_398',target_pos:'22',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_22_modid_398' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Inside Story</h4> <div class="ntb-asktheexpert"> <h6>Inside Story: Establishing Safe EO Sterilization for Medical Devices</h6> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_3:4,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1705772836/sites/mdb/articles/2022/features/MDB-1222-insidestory-fig1.jpg' class='float-start w-33 me-2 mb-1 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /><p>To find out more about the expertise required to establish a safe and effective EO Sterilization for medical devices, MDB recently spoke with Elizabeth Sydnor, director of microbiology for Eurofins Medical Device Testing (Lancaster, PA).</p> <a href="/component/content/article/49694-inside-story-mdb-1222"> <button class="btn btn-primary text-uppercase"> Read More  <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </button> </a></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_300x150_125x125_234x60',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_300x150_125x125_234x60',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[300,150],[125,125],[234,60]],div_id:'GAM_pos_31_modid_400',target_pos:'31',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_31_modid_400' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_23_modid_402',target_pos:'23',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_23_modid_402' class=""></div></div></div></div></div></div> </section></div> <div class="row mt-5"></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[1200,150]],div_id:'GAM_pos_13_modid_403',target_pos:'13',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_13_modid_403' class=""></div></div></div><div class="ntb-bxslider row mb-0"> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Videos</h4></div> <div class="bxs-tbtvrelated hidden text-center d-sm-block col-1 pt-5 d-none"> <h3><span id="bxs-tbtvrelated-prev"></span></h3></div> <div id="bxs-tbtvrelated" class="bxs-tbtvrelated hidden align-content-center col-sm-10 px-sm-0 col-12 px-4 my-0"> <ul class="bxslider"> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/52242-how-sensor-laden-buoys-lead-to-a-better-understanding-of-arctic-sea-ice-melting"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1733780560/sites/tb/features-16x9/52242/sensor-laden-buoys_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/52242-how-sensor-laden-buoys-lead-to-a-better-understanding-of-arctic-sea-ice-melting">How Sensor-Laden Buoys Lead to a Better...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49322-transforming-the-future-while-spanning-the-full-semiconductor-ecosystem"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1698243328/sites/tb/features-16x9/49322/spanning-the-full-semiconductor-ecosystem_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Electronics & Computers</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49322-transforming-the-future-while-spanning-the-full-semiconductor-ecosystem">Transforming the Future While Spanning the Full...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51289-wireless-temperature-sensors-allow-us-to-see-inside-ices"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1723054261/sites/tb/features-16x9/51289/wireless-temp-sensors-in-combustion-chamber_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51289-wireless-temperature-sensors-allow-us-to-see-inside-ices">Wireless Temperature Sensors Allow Us to...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50245-genuine-ingenuity-the-most-extreme-flights-of-nasas-mars-helicopter"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1709230661/sites/tb/features-16x9/50245/extreme-flights-of-ingenuity_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Motion Control</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50245-genuine-ingenuity-the-most-extreme-flights-of-nasas-mars-helicopter">Genuine Ingenuity: The Most Extreme Flights of...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51124-mosa-summit-shows-open-system-architectures-for-military-embedded-computing"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1721166233/sites/tb/features-16x9/51124/screenshot-2024-07-16-at-3-35-53 pm_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Electronics & Computers</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51124-mosa-summit-shows-open-system-architectures-for-military-embedded-computing">MOSA Summit Shows Open System Architectures for...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50899-alleviating-range-anxiety"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1718554625/sites/tb/features-16x9/50899/fastest-ev-charge_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Power</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50899-alleviating-range-anxiety">Alleviating Range Anxiety</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/52234-when-every-second-counts-choose-com-hpc-r-mini"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1733524070/sites/tb/features-16x9/52234/when-every-second-counts_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Electronics & Computers</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/52234-when-every-second-counts-choose-com-hpc-r-mini">When Every Second Counts, Choose COM-HPC® Mini</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49321-device-s-informed-touch-can-tell-you-where-to-go"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1697474986/sites/tb/features-16x9/49321/smart-fabrics-informed-touch_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Materials</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49321-device-s-informed-touch-can-tell-you-where-to-go">Device's Informed Touch Can Tell You Where to Go</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51765-what-the-hexsense"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1727886646/sites/tb/features-16x9/51765/hexsense_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51765-what-the-hexsense">What the HexSense?</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/52033-magnetic-pixels-enable-screen-to-store-display-encrypted-images-without-electronics"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1731090391/sites/tb/features-16x9/52033/magnetic-pixels-store-and-display_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Materials</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/52033-magnetic-pixels-enable-screen-to-store-display-encrypted-images-without-electronics">Magnetic Pixels Enable Screen to Store, Display...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50314-how-materials-science-is-helping-to-mitigate-climate-change"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1710440788/sites/tb/features-16x9/50314/climate-change-through-materials-science_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Materials</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50314-how-materials-science-is-helping-to-mitigate-climate-change">How Materials Science Is Helping to Mitigate...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50276-using-old-electric-vehicle-batteries-to-power-the-grid"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1709752279/sites/tb/features-16x9/50276/new-lease-on-battery-life_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Energy</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50276-using-old-electric-vehicle-batteries-to-power-the-grid">Using Old Electric Vehicle Batteries to Power the...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51153-how-computer-aided-drug-discovery-is-leading-to-revolutionary-cancer-treatment"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1721856895/sites/tb/features-16x9/51153/revolutionizing-cancer-treatment_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51153-how-computer-aided-drug-discovery-is-leading-to-revolutionary-cancer-treatment">How Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Is Leading to...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51635-looking-for-deep-brain-activation-meet-impuls"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1726849851/sites/tb/features-16x9/51635/implantable-piezoelectric-ultrasound-stimulator_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51635-looking-for-deep-brain-activation-meet-impuls">Looking for Deep Brain Activation? Meet ImPULS</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49897-why-the-renam-500q"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1705523206/sites/tb/features-16x9/49897/renishaw-renam_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Defense</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49897-why-the-renam-500q">Why the RenAM 500Q?</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50336-linc-helps-vehicles-adapt-to-unknowns"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1711123052/sites/tb/features-16x9/50336/missing-linc_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Defense</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50336-linc-helps-vehicles-adapt-to-unknowns">LINC Helps Vehicles Adapt to Unknowns</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/52360-dont-forget-to-charge-your-phone-with-your-sweater"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1736185500/sites/tb/features-16x9/52360/turning-clothes-into-charging-stations_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Energy</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/52360-dont-forget-to-charge-your-phone-with-your-sweater">Don’t Forget to Charge Your Phone with...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50421-did-you-ever-see-a-photon"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1711742413/sites/tb/features-16x9/50421/did-you-ever-see-a-photon_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50421-did-you-ever-see-a-photon">Did You Ever See a Photon?</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49308-making-ev-batteries-more-sustainable"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1697042907/sites/tb/features-16x9/49308/sustainable-batteries_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Energy</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49308-making-ev-batteries-more-sustainable">Making EV Batteries More Sustainable</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51501-omron-creative-lab-human-pose-estimation-time-of-flight-sensor-b5l"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1725478878/sites/tb/features-16x9/51501/omron-human-pose-estimation_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Sensors/Data Acquisition</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51501-omron-creative-lab-human-pose-estimation-time-of-flight-sensor-b5l">OMRON Creative Lab | Human Pose Estimation | Time...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51302-patchflow-robotics-for-in-pipe-leak-repair"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1723137039/sites/tb/features-16x9/51302/patchflow_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Robotics, Automation & Control</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51302-patchflow-robotics-for-in-pipe-leak-repair">Patchflow-Robotics for In-Pipe Leak Repair</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49834-llnls-sustainability-and-polymer-additive-manufacturing"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1704391925/sites/tb/features-16x9/49834/polymer-additive-manufacturing-at-llnl_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49834-llnls-sustainability-and-polymer-additive-manufacturing">LLNL’s Sustainability and Polymer Additive...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50470-3d-printing-breakthrough-could-enable-personalized-prosthetic-devices"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1712081155/sites/tb/features-16x9/50470/breathrough-3d-printing_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50470-3d-printing-breakthrough-could-enable-personalized-prosthetic-devices">3D Printing Breakthrough Could Enable...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51517-pins-plugs-jacks-sockets-products"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1725552733/sites/tb/features-16x9/51517/keystone-pins_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Electronics & Computers</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51517-pins-plugs-jacks-sockets-products">Pins, Plugs, Jacks & Sockets Products</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51582-meet-picotaur-a-first-of-its-kind-micro-robot"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1726157108/sites/tb/features-16x9/51582/picotaur_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Robotics, Automation & Control</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51582-meet-picotaur-a-first-of-its-kind-micro-robot">Meet Picotaur: A First-of-its-Kind Micro Robot</a></h6></div></li></ul></div> <div class="bxs-tbtvrelated hidden text-center d-sm-block col-1 pt-5 d-none"> <h3><span id="bxs-tbtvrelated-next"></span></h3></div></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[1200,150]],div_id:'GAM_pos_14_modid_420',target_pos:'14',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_14_modid_420' class=""></div></div></div><footer><div class="newsmatrix-hubheadlines mt-5 sans-serif row"> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-1 col-lg-3 col-6 order-lg-5"> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/stories/blog" rel="nofollow">Medical Blog</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52582-mass-3d-printing-in-space-for-the-first-time"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1739940488/sites/tb/features-16x9/52582/021925-tb-blog_implants_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52582-mass-3d-printing-in-space-for-the-first-time">Mass 3D Printing in Space for the First Time</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52458-from-the-editor-mdb-0225">From the Editor - AI Tops ECRI’s 2025 Health Tech Hazards List</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52381-a-tabletop-robot-may-revolutionize-physical-therapy-delivery">A Tabletop Robot May Revolutionize Physical Therapy Delivery</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-2 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing" rel="nofollow">Materials & Manufacturing</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52542-intricon-announces-expansion-to-boost-production"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738788369/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52542/20250206_medical_design_story4_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52542-intricon-announces-expansion-to-boost-production">Intricon Announces Expansion to Boost Production</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52540-insights-into-the-state-of-the-plastics-processing-industry">Insights into the State of the Plastics Processing Industry</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52535-mmt-to-showcase-catheter-and-guidewire-manufacturing-solutions">MMT to Showcase Catheter and Guidewire Manufacturing Solutions</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-3 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing" rel="nofollow">Design & Testing</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52460-2025-trends-in-healthcare-bridging-technology-personalization-and-accessibility"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738721635/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52460/mdb-0225-p7_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52460-2025-trends-in-healthcare-bridging-technology-personalization-and-accessibility">2025 Trends in Healthcare: Bridging Technology, Personalization, and...</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52444-landmark-fda-clearance-may-accelerate-compelling-digital-therapeutics">Landmark FDA Clearance May Accelerate Compelling Digital Therapeutics </a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52443-silicones-a-skin-friendly-gamma-sterilizable-pressure-sensitive-adhesive">Silicones A Skin-Friendly Gamma-Sterilizable Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive </a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-4 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables" rel="nofollow">Sensors & Wearables</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52459-medical-podcasts-mdb-0225"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738459659/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52459/mdb-0225-p6_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52459-medical-podcasts-mdb-0225">Medical Podcasts</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52452-researchers-develop-microchips-that-detect-and-diagnose-diseases">Researchers Develop Microchips That Detect and Diagnose Diseases</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52447-gel-based-nanogenerators-for-wearables">Gel-Based Nanogenerators for Wearables</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-5 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software" rel="nofollow">Electronics & Software</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52497-product-of-the-month-mdb-0225"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738296111/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52497/mdb-0225-p32_fig1r_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52497-product-of-the-month-mdb-0225">Product of the Month</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52457-product-focus-power-supplies-0225">Product Focus: Power Supplies</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52456-new-products-and-services-mdb-0225">New Products and Services</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-6 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation" rel="nofollow">Robotics & Automation</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52541-qosina-announces-collaboration-with-b-braun"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1738788241/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52541/20250206_medical_design_story2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52541-qosina-announces-collaboration-with-b-braun">Qosina Announces Collaboration with B. Braun</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52300-new-products-and-services-mdb-0125">New Products and Services</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52290-toroidal-micro-robot-swims-autonomously">Toroidal Micro Robot Swims Autonomously</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-7 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity" rel="nofollow">IoMT & Connectivity</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52285-md-m-west-show-preview-mdb-0125"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1735958667/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52285/mdb-0125-p15_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52285-md-m-west-show-preview-mdb-0125">MD&M West Show Preview</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52302-soft-microelectronics-enable-wearable-ai-for-digital-health">Soft Microelectronics Enable Wearable AI for Digital Health</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51984-optimizing-biopharma-workflows-integrating-ai-to-enhance-research-and-discovery">Optimizing Biopharma Workflows: Integrating AI to Enhance Research and...</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-8 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/features/articles" rel="nofollow">Features</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52283-adhesive-bonding-of-plastics-in-medical-devices-part2"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1735957527/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52283/mdb-0125-p11_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52283-adhesive-bonding-of-plastics-in-medical-devices-part2">Adhesive Bonding of Plastics in Medical Devices, Part 2: Material Properties of...</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52284-biosensors-and-wearables-for-health-insights">Biosensors and Wearables for Health Insights </a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52304-inside-the-oem-johnson-johnson-medtech-maintaining-its-edge">Inside the OEM: Johnson & Johnson MedTech Maintaining Its Edge</a></p></div></div><hr class="border-top border-primary"> <nav id="footernav" class="sans-serif"> <div class="footer-bottom row"> <div class="left-column col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-12"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/about">About</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/">Tech Briefs</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/">Mobility Engineering Technology</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://status.saemediagroup.com/">Service Status</a></p></div><div id="cb-form" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-sm mt-5" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">Sign In</h5> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button></div> <div class="modal-body"> <form action="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/account/login" method="post" id="login-form" class="form-inline cbLoginForm" data-bs-target="#cb-form"> <input type="hidden" name="option" value="com_comprofiler"/> <input type="hidden" name="view" value="login"/> <input type="hidden" name="op2" value="login"/> <input type="hidden" name="return" value="B:aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubWVkaWNhbGRlc2lnbmJyaWVmcy5jb20v"/> <input type="hidden" name="message" value="0"/> <input type="hidden" name="loginfrom" value="loginmodule"/> <input type="hidden" name="163f439468c8d33f14a51ee2ec6f010d" value="1" /> <div class="form-floating mb-3 w-100"> <input name="username" type="text" class="form-control col-8" id="inputUserName" placeholder="Username"> <label for="inputUserName">Username or Email</label></div> <div class="form-floating mb-3 w-100"> <input name="passwd" type="password" class="form-control col-8" id="inputPassword" placeholder="Password"> <label for="inputPassword">Password</label></div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary col-12 mb-3">Submit <i class="fas fa-sign-in ms-2"></i></button> <a href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/account/forgot-login" class="col-12"> <i class="fas fa-unlock-alt me-2"></i> Forgot Login? </a> <div class="posttext cb_template cb_template_default"> <p><i>By submitting your personal information, you agree that SAE Media Group and carefully selected industry sponsors of this content may contact you and that you have read and agree to the <a href="/privacy">Privacy Policy</a>. </i></p> <p><i>You may reach us at <a href="mailto:privacy@saemediagroup.com">privacy@saemediagroup.com</a>. </i></p> <p><i>You may unsubscribe at any time.</i></p></div></form></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mid-column col-sm-3 col-12"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/mdb/subscription-services">Subscriber Services</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/mdb/feedback">Feedback</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com/company-directory">Contact Us</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/mdb/sitemap">Site Map</a></p></div></div> <div class="right-column col-sm-3 col-12"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com">Advertise</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/privacy">Privacy Policy</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/cookie-usage-statement">Cookie Usage</a></p></div><p class="menu-footer-followus my-2"> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=facebook&username=MedicalDesignBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-facebook"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=twitter&username=MedicalBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-x-twitter"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=linkedin_company&username=sae-media-group" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=instagram&username=mdbmagazine" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-instagram"></i></a></p></div></div> </nav> <div class="row mb-5"> <div class="copyright col-12"> <p class="font-italic small">© 2009-2025 SAE Media Group</p></div></div> </footer></div><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/cloudinary-core/2.13.1/cloudinary-core-shrinkwrap.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-stp48jOOmT4TXnB4bMJ0rlcR7XagE92cqr7pEb+oFQox6qNSyKiN31GajDsg5VVn+HgM5mhOZinSRXowsRmgPg=="></script><script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/e04325f501.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/masonry/4.2.2/masonry.pkgd.min.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-JRlcvSZAXT8+5SQQAvklXGJuxXTouyq8oIMaYERZQasB8SBDHZaUbeASsJWpk0UUrf89DP3/aefPPrlMR1h1yQ=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/lazysizes.min.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-q583ppKrCRc7N5O0n2nzUiJ+suUv7Et1JGels4bXOaMFQcamPk9HjdUknZuuFjBNs7tsMuadge5k9RzdmO+1GQ=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-v2CJ7UaYy4JwqLDIrZUI/4hqeoQieOmAZNXBeQyjo21dadnwR+8ZaIJVT8EE2iyI61OV8e6M8PP2/4hpQINQ/g=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap/5.2.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-i9cEfJwUwViEPFKdC1enz4ZRGBj8YQo6QByFTF92YXHi7waCqyexvRD75S5NVTsSiTv7rKWqG9Y5eFxmRsOn0A=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/js/bootstrap-select.min.js" defer tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-yrOmjPdp8qH8hgLfWpSFhC/+R9Cj9USL8uJxYIveJZGAiedxyIxwNw4RsLDlcjNlIRR4kkHaDHSmNHAkxFTmgg=="></script><script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> $(function () { var cl = cloudinary.Cloudinary.new({ cloud_name: "tbmg" }); cl.config({ defaultBreakpoints: [100,200,400,500,800,1000,1200], responsive_use_breakpoints: true, }); cl.responsive(); }); var match_md_max = window.matchMedia("(max-width: 991px)"); $(function () { var tooltipTriggerList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-bs-toggle="tooltip"]')) var tooltipList = tooltipTriggerList.map(function (tooltipTriggerEl) { return new bootstrap.Tooltip(tooltipTriggerEl) }) }); </script> <link rel="preload" href="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js" as="script"/> <meta name="shareaholic:site_id" content="522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767"/> <script data-cfasync="false" async src="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> $(function () { // olytics 3.0 window.olytics || (window.olytics = []), window.olytics.methods = ["fire", "confirm"], window.olytics.factory = function (i) { return function () { var t = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); return t.unshift(i), window.olytics.push(t), window.olytics } }; for (var i = 0; i < window.olytics.methods.length; i++) { var method = window.olytics.methods[i]; window.olytics[method] = window.olytics.factory(method) } olytics.load = function (i) { if (!document.getElementById("olyticsImport")) { window.a = window.olytics; var t = document.createElement("script"); t.async = !0, t.id = "olyticsImport", t.type = "text/javascript"; var o = ""; void 0 !== i && void 0 !== i.oid && (o = i.oid), t.setAttribute("data-oid", o), t.src = "https://olytics.omeda.com/olytics/js/v3/p/olytics.min.js", t.addEventListener("load", function (t) { for (olytics.initialize({Olytics: i}); window.a.length > 0;) { var o = window.a.shift(), s = o.shift(); olytics[s] && olytics[s].apply(olytics, o) } }, !1); var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t, s) } }, olytics.load({oid: "c1d61b8c10b7440fb3c59fe5b6424a6b"}); }); </script><noscript> <img height="1" width="1" style="display:none;" alt="" src="https://px.ads.linkedin.com/collect/?pid=3077140&fmt=gif" class="nolazyload"/> </noscript>  <script src="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/media/system/js/core.min.js?37ffe4186289eba9c5df81bea44080aff77b9684"></script> <script src="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/media/vendor/webcomponentsjs/js/webcomponents-bundle.min.js?2.8.0" nomodule defer></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bxslider/4.2.17/jquery.bxslider.min.js" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-LaBO0tZh1+6Ebk+EnHt/WsGM0UnmkCXfQ1rfhGmpa5MXUdslNuSSELBRcteHKz4k4ny+Op10Ax2fPoTNq+VcUg=="></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/templates/mdb_2018/css/template.min.css?t=1737008400" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-JrXU0rJWNZetLKqfLVO+NmN4gwTbHMTaNhnEsRraWuj/CJdRXNc1XRG2E49WLOPZoPmtAf6/u7hhM/hEHuWPXw=="/> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/plugins/print/ls.print.min.js" defer crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-tY3D/iSWSdQE2NSLW/mRWQd/bvHAGjyCLRwSd23sqNbbgVnUaah2t+ZpX7hdBOskZ7PqYvwe4E+qxNARGojJGQ=="></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/limonte-sweetalert2/11.15.10/sweetalert2.all.min.js" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-KWZQo2EiUMmEMrjJUUZoWP8k/mL57L5PPjQF23Vv77jGidQK8WPsX/RoQ7uI0cnjDDCU8ZXa1NG24HkLOqI9sg=="></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/css/bootstrap-select.min.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-g2SduJKxa4Lbn3GW+Q7rNz+pKP9AWMR++Ta8fgwsZRCUsawjPvF/BxSMkGS61VsR9yinGoEgrHPGPn2mrj8+4w=="/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://olytics.omeda.com/olytics/css/v3/p/olytics.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"/>  <script> var GAM_breakpoint=window.getComputedStyle(document.querySelector('body'),':before').getPropertyValue('content').replace(/"/g,'');window.googletag=window.googletag||{cmd:[]};googletag.cmd.push(function(){googletag.pubads().setTargeting('sitepage',['MDB/Home']).setTargeting('site',["MDB"]).setTargeting('menu_route',["mdb"]).setTargeting('menu_topics',[""]).setTargeting('menu_tags',[""]);googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs();googletag.pubads().setCentering(true);googletag.pubads().setForceSafeFrame(false);googletag.enableServices();});$(function(){function ntb_google_ad_manager_build(item){item_div=$('#'+item.div_id);if(item.display_sizes.includes(GAM_breakpoint)){googletag.cmd.push(function(){var item=this;var item_div=$('#'+item.div_id);size_mapping=[];if(item.size_mapping.length){size_mapping=googletag.sizeMapping();item.size_mapping.forEach(function(size_map){size_mapping.addSize(size_map.view,size_map.map);});size_mapping.build();} var targetSlot=googletag.defineSlot(item.slot,item.slot_ad_sizes,item.div_id).setTargeting('pos',[item.target_pos]).defineSizeMapping(size_mapping);if(item.slot_ad_empty==='default'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(true);} if(item.slot_ad_empty==='collapse'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(true,true);} if(item.slot_ad_empty==='expand'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(false);} targetSlot.addService(googletag.pubads());googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded',function(event){if(event.slot===targetSlot&&event.isEmpty){item_div.parents('.ad-position').addClass('d-none');googletag.destroySlots(event.slot);}});googletag.enableServices();}.bind(item));} else{item_div.parents('.ad-position').addClass('d-none');}} function ntb_google_ad_manager_display(item){if(item.display_all||item.display_sizes.includes(GAM_breakpoint)){googletag.cmd.push(function(){item=this;googletag.display(item.div_id);}.bind(item));}} for(let i=0;i<ntb_google_ad_manager_items.length;i++){ntb_google_ad_manager_build(ntb_google_ad_manager_items[i]);} for(let i=0;i<ntb_google_ad_manager_items.length;i++){ntb_google_ad_manager_display(ntb_google_ad_manager_items[i]);}}); /*! inlined from /media/system/js/keepalive-es5.min.js by ntb_minifier */ (function(){'use strict';if(!window.Joomla){throw new Error('Joomla API was not properly initialised');} var keepAliveOptions=Joomla.getOptions('system.keepalive');var keepAliveInterval=keepAliveOptions&&keepAliveOptions.interval?parseInt(keepAliveOptions.interval,10):45*1000;var keepAliveUri=keepAliveOptions&&keepAliveOptions.uri?keepAliveOptions.uri.replace(/&/g,'&'):'';if(keepAliveUri===''){var systemPaths=Joomla.getOptions('system.paths');keepAliveUri=(systemPaths?systemPaths.root+"/index.php":window.location.pathname)+"?option=com_ajax&format=json";} setInterval(function(){return fetch(keepAliveUri,{method:'POST'});},keepAliveInterval);})(); /*! inlined from /media/system/js/joomla-hidden-mail-es5.min.js by ntb_minifier */ (function(){'use strict';function _inheritsLoose(subClass,superClass){subClass.prototype=Object.create(superClass.prototype);subClass.prototype.constructor=subClass;_setPrototypeOf(subClass,superClass);} function _getPrototypeOf(o){_getPrototypeOf=Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.getPrototypeOf.bind():function _getPrototypeOf(o){return o.__proto__||Object.getPrototypeOf(o);};return _getPrototypeOf(o);} function _setPrototypeOf(o,p){_setPrototypeOf=Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.setPrototypeOf.bind():function _setPrototypeOf(o,p){o.__proto__=p;return o;};return _setPrototypeOf(o,p);} function _isNativeReflectConstruct(){if(typeof Reflect==="undefined"||!Reflect.construct)return false;if(Reflect.construct.sham)return false;if(typeof Proxy==="function")return true;try{Boolean.prototype.valueOf.call(Reflect.construct(Boolean,[],function(){}));return true;}catch(e){return false;}} function _construct(Parent,args,Class){if(_isNativeReflectConstruct()){_construct=Reflect.construct.bind();}else{_construct=function _construct(Parent,args,Class){var a=[null];a.push.apply(a,args);var Constructor=Function.bind.apply(Parent,a);var instance=new Constructor();if(Class)_setPrototypeOf(instance,Class.prototype);return instance;};} return _construct.apply(null,arguments);} function _isNativeFunction(fn){return Function.toString.call(fn).indexOf("[native code]")!==-1;} function _wrapNativeSuper(Class){var _cache=typeof Map==="function"?new Map():undefined;_wrapNativeSuper=function _wrapNativeSuper(Class){if(Class===null||!_isNativeFunction(Class))return Class;if(typeof Class!=="function"){throw new TypeError("Super expression must either be null or a function");} if(typeof _cache!=="undefined"){if(_cache.has(Class))return _cache.get(Class);_cache.set(Class,Wrapper);} function Wrapper(){return _construct(Class,arguments,_getPrototypeOf(this).constructor);} Wrapper.prototype=Object.create(Class.prototype,{constructor:{value:Wrapper,enumerable:false,writable:true,configurable:true}});return _setPrototypeOf(Wrapper,Class);};return _wrapNativeSuper(Class);} window.customElements.define('joomla-hidden-mail',function(_HTMLElement){_inheritsLoose(_class,_HTMLElement);function _class(){var _this;_this=_HTMLElement.call(this)||this;_this.newElement='';_this.base='';return _this;} var _proto=_class.prototype;_proto.disconnectedCallback=function disconnectedCallback(){this.innerHTML='';};_proto.connectedCallback=function connectedCallback(){var _this2=this;this.base=this.getAttribute('base')+"/";if(this.getAttribute('is-link')==='1'){this.newElement=document.createElement('a');this.newElement.setAttribute('href',"mailto:"+this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('first'))+"@"+this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('last')));[].slice.call(this.attributes).forEach(function(attribute,index){var _this2$attributes$ite=_this2.attributes.item(index),nodeName=_this2$attributes$ite.nodeName;if(nodeName){if(['is-link','is-email','first','last','text'].indexOf(nodeName)===-1){var _this2$attributes$ite2=_this2.attributes.item(index),nodeValue=_this2$attributes$ite2.nodeValue;_this2.newElement.setAttribute(nodeName,nodeValue);}}});}else{this.newElement=document.createElement('span');} if(this.getAttribute('text')){var innerStr=this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('text'));innerStr=innerStr.replace('src="images/',"src=\""+this.base+"images/").replace('src="media/',"src=\""+this.base+"media/");this.newElement.innerHTML=Joomla.sanitizeHtml(innerStr);}else{this.newElement.innerText=window.atob(this.getAttribute('first'))+"@"+window.atob(this.getAttribute('last'));} this.removeAttribute('class');this.removeAttribute('style');this.innerText='';this.appendChild(this.newElement);};_class.b64DecodeUnicode=function b64DecodeUnicode(str){return decodeURIComponent(Array.prototype.map.call(atob(str),function(c){return"%"+("00"+c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-2);}).join(''));};return _class;}(_wrapNativeSuper(HTMLElement)));})(); /*! inlined from /media/mod_ntb_bxslider/js/global.min.js by ntb_minifier */ var bxs_update;var bxs_config=[];bxs_breakpoint=function(){breakpoint=window.getComputedStyle(document.querySelector('body'),':before').getPropertyValue('content').replace(/"/g,'')||'lg';if(breakpoint==='none'){breakpoint='lg';} return breakpoint;};bxs_create=function(name,swaps){var id='bxs-'+name;var bp=bxs_breakpoint();bxs_config[name]={id:id,bp:bp,swaps:swaps,settings:{auto:true,stopAutoOnClick:true,pause:5000,pager:false,minSlides:swaps[bp].slides,maxSlides:swaps[bp].slides,moveSlides:swaps[bp].slides,slideMargin:swaps[bp].margin,slideWidth:swaps[bp].width,nextSelector:'#'+id+'-next',prevSelector:'#'+id+'-prev',nextText:'<i class="fas fa-2x fa-angle-right"></i>',prevText:'<i class="fas fa-2x fa-angle-left"></i>',randomStart:true,adaptiveHeight:true,shrinkItems:true,touchEnabled:false,}};};$(function(){bxs_activate=function(name){bxs_config[name].bxslider=$('#'+bxs_config[name].id+' .bxslider').bxSlider(bxs_config[name].settings);bxs_update(name);$(window).resize(function(){bxs_update(name);});} bxs_update=function(name){var current_bp=bxs_breakpoint();if(current_bp!==bxs_config[name].bp){bxs_config[name].bp=current_bp;var swaps=bxs_config[name].swaps;bxs_config[name].settings.minSlides=swaps[current_bp].slides;bxs_config[name].settings.maxSlides=swaps[current_bp].slides;bxs_config[name].settings.moveSlides=swaps[current_bp].slides;bxs_config[name].settings.slideMargin=swaps[current_bp].margin;bxs_config[name].settings.slideWidth=swaps[current_bp].width;bxs_config[name].bxslider.reloadSlider(bxs_config[name].settings);} $('.'+bxs_config[name].id).removeClass('hidden');bxs_config[name].bxslider.redrawSlider();};});$(function(){olytics.fire({behaviorId:'3671H9128356A9M',category:"Home",tag:"",pageType:"index",contentType:"topic"})});!function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod?n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0;t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,document,'script','https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js');fbq('init','228022071752970');fbq('track','PageView');!function(s,a,e,v,n,t,z){if(s.saq)return;n=s.saq=function(){n.callMethod?n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!s._saq)s._saq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='1.0';n.queue=[];t=a.createElement(e);t.async=!0;t.src=v;z=a.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];z.parentNode.insertBefore(t,z)}(window,document,'script','https://tags.srv.stackadapt.com/events.js');saq('ts','3GYZ_Va41jnx_uqfPcLCuQ');var match_md_max=window.matchMedia("(max-width: 991px)");bxs_create('default',{xxl:{slides:5,margin:20,width:256},xl:{slides:5,margin:20,width:256},lg:{slides:4,margin:32,width:256},md:{slides:3,margin:35,width:256},sm:{slides:3,margin:10,width:256},xs:{slides:2,margin:10,width:256}});$(function(){bxs_activate('default');});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52512>a').appendTo('#f1_52512');}else{$('#f1_52512>a').appendTo('#f2_52512');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52513>a').appendTo('#f1_52513');}else{$('#f1_52513>a').appendTo('#f2_52513');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52514>a').appendTo('#f1_52514');}else{$('#f1_52514>a').appendTo('#f2_52514');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52497>a').appendTo('#f1_52497');}else{$('#f1_52497>a').appendTo('#f2_52497');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52460>a').appendTo('#f1_52460');}else{$('#f1_52460>a').appendTo('#f2_52460');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52459>a').appendTo('#f1_52459');}else{$('#f1_52459>a').appendTo('#f2_52459');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52458>a').appendTo('#f1_52458');}else{$('#f1_52458>a').appendTo('#f2_52458');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52457>a').appendTo('#f1_52457');}else{$('#f1_52457>a').appendTo('#f2_52457');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52456>a').appendTo('#f1_52456');}else{$('#f1_52456>a').appendTo('#f2_52456');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52455>a').appendTo('#f1_52455');}else{$('#f1_52455>a').appendTo('#f2_52455');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52454>a').appendTo('#f1_52454');}else{$('#f1_52454>a').appendTo('#f2_52454');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52451>a').appendTo('#f1_52451');}else{$('#f1_52451>a').appendTo('#f2_52451');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52450>a').appendTo('#f1_52450');}else{$('#f1_52450>a').appendTo('#f2_52450');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52449>a').appendTo('#f1_52449');}else{$('#f1_52449>a').appendTo('#f2_52449');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52448>a').appendTo('#f1_52448');}else{$('#f1_52448>a').appendTo('#f2_52448');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52447>a').appendTo('#f1_52447');}else{$('#f1_52447>a').appendTo('#f2_52447');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52446>a').appendTo('#f1_52446');}else{$('#f1_52446>a').appendTo('#f2_52446');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52445>a').appendTo('#f1_52445');}else{$('#f1_52445>a').appendTo('#f2_52445');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52444>a').appendTo('#f1_52444');}else{$('#f1_52444>a').appendTo('#f2_52444');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52443>a').appendTo('#f1_52443');}else{$('#f1_52443>a').appendTo('#f2_52443');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52431>a').appendTo('#f1_52431');}else{$('#f1_52431>a').appendTo('#f2_52431');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52396>a').appendTo('#f1_52396');}else{$('#f1_52396>a').appendTo('#f2_52396');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_52394>a').appendTo('#f1_52394');}else{$('#f1_52394>a').appendTo('#f2_52394');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});bxs_create('tbtvrelated',{xxl:{slides:5,margin:20,width:256},xl:{slides:4,margin:20,width:224},lg:{slides:3,margin:10,width:260},md:{slides:3,margin:5,width:200},sm:{slides:2,margin:30,width:215},xs:{slides:2,margin:10,width:275}});$(function(){bxs_activate('tbtvrelated');});$(function(){$('#cb-form').on('shown.bs.modal',function(){$('#inputUserName').focus();})}); /*! inlined from /templates/mdb_2018/js/custom.min.js by ntb_minifier */ $(window).scroll(function(){if($(document).scrollTop()>50){$("nav").addClass("shrink");$(".logolarge").addClass("tb-logo-closed");$(".logosmall").removeClass("d-md-none");$(".add").hide()}else{$("nav").removeClass("shrink");$(".logosmall").addClass("d-md-none");$(".logolarge").removeClass("tb-logo-closed");$(".add").show()}});_linkedin_partner_id="3077140";window._linkedin_data_partner_ids=window._linkedin_data_partner_ids||[];window._linkedin_data_partner_ids.push(_linkedin_partner_id);(function(l){if(!l){window.lintrk=function(a,b){window.lintrk.q.push([a,b])};window.lintrk.q=[]} var s=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];var b=document.createElement("script");b.type="text/javascript";b.async=true;b.src="https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js";s.parentNode.insertBefore(b,s);})(window.lintrk); </script> </body> </html>