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</nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"> <span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_novels&redirect=no&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Literary novels">Literary novels</a>)</span> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>Literary fiction</b>, <b>mainstream fiction</b>, <b>non-genre fiction</b>, <b>serious fiction</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-:04_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:04-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>high literature</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>artistic literature</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sometimes just <b>literature</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are labels that, in the book trade, refer to market novels that do not fit neatly into an established genre (see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Genre_fiction?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Genre fiction">genre fiction</a>) or, otherwise, refer to novels that are character-driven rather than plot-driven, examine the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Human_condition?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Human condition">human condition</a>, use language in an experimental or poetic fashion, or are simply considered serious art.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:02_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:02-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 115, 131">: 115, 131 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Jean-Jacques_Feuch%C3%A8re,_Dante_Meditating_on_the_%22Divine_Comedy%22,_1843,_NGA_91288.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Jean-Jacques_Feuch%C3%A8re%2C_Dante_Meditating_on_the_%22Divine_Comedy%22%2C_1843%2C_NGA_91288.jpg/220px-Jean-Jacques_Feuch%C3%A8re%2C_Dante_Meditating_on_the_%22Divine_Comedy%22%2C_1843%2C_NGA_91288.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Jean-Jacques_Feuch%25C3%25A8re%252C_Dante_Meditating_on_the_%2522Divine_Comedy%2522%252C_1843%252C_NGA_91288.jpg/330px-Jean-Jacques_Feuch%25C3%25A8re%252C_Dante_Meditating_on_the_%2522Divine_Comedy%2522%252C_1843%252C_NGA_91288.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Jean-Jacques_Feuch%25C3%25A8re%252C_Dante_Meditating_on_the_%2522Divine_Comedy%2522%252C_1843%252C_NGA_91288.jpg/440px-Jean-Jacques_Feuch%25C3%25A8re%252C_Dante_Meditating_on_the_%2522Divine_Comedy%2522%252C_1843%252C_NGA_91288.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3427" data-file-height="4000"></a> <figcaption> <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dante?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dante">Dante</a> Meditating on the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Divine_Comedy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Divine Comedy">Divine Comedy</a></i>. Jean-Jacques Feuchère, 1843. </figcaption> </figure> <p><i>Literary fiction</i> is often used as a synonym for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Literature">literature</a>, in the exclusive sense of writings specifically considered to have considerable <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Art?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Art">artistic</a> merit.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Literary fiction is commonly regarded as artistically superior to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Genre_fiction?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Genre fiction">genre fiction</a>, the latter being a form of commercial fiction written to provide entertainment to a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mass_audience?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass audience">mass audience</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Goth_8-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Goth-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Some categories of literary fiction, such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Historical_fiction?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Historical fiction">historical fiction</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Magic_realism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">magic realism</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autobiographical_novel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autobiographical novel">autobiographical novels</a>, or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encyclopedic_novel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Encyclopedic novel">encyclopedic novels</a>, are sometimes termed "genres" without being considered genre fiction. Some authors are also seen as writing literary equivalents or precursors to established genres while still maintaining the division between commercial and literary fiction, such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romance_fiction?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance fiction">literary romance</a> of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jane_Austen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jane Austen">Jane Austen</a><sup id="cite_ref-Goth_8-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Goth-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speculative_fiction?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Speculative fiction">speculative fiction</a> of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Margaret_Atwood?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Margaret Atwood">Margaret Atwood</a>. Some critics and genre authors have posited even more significant overlap between literary and commercial fiction, citing major literary figures argued to have employed elements of popular genres, such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Science_fiction?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Crime_fiction?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Crime fiction">crime fiction</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romance_novel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Romance novel">romance</a>, to create works of literature.<sup id="cite_ref-literaryornot_10-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-literaryornot-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slipstream_genre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Slipstream genre">Slipstream genre</a> is sometimes located between the genre and non-genre fictions.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Characteristics"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Characteristics</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Definition"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Definition</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Classic_literature"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Classic literature</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Europe"><span class="tocnumber">1.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Europe</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#China"><span class="tocnumber">1.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">China</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#High_culture"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">High culture</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Literary_merit"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Literary merit</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Reactions"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Reactions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliography</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_fiction&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Characteristics" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Definition">Definition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_fiction&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Definition" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Literary fiction may involve a concern with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Social_commentary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Social commentary">social commentary</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Political_criticism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Political criticism">political criticism</a>, or reflection on the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Human_condition?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Human condition">human condition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009180_11-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009180-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This contrasts with genre fiction where plot is the central concern.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009181–82_12-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009181%E2%80%9382-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It may have a slower pace than popular fiction.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009182_13-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009182-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terrence_Rafferty?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terrence Rafferty">Terrence Rafferty</a> notes, "Literary fiction, by its nature, allows itself to dawdle, to linger on stray beauties even at the risk of losing its way."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERafferty2011_14-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTERafferty2011-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other works may be more concerned with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Style_(fiction)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Style (fiction)">style</a> and complexity of the writing: Saricks describes literary fiction as "elegantly written, lyrical, and ... layered".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009179_15-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009179-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>As opposed to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Genre_fiction?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Genre fiction">genre fiction</a>, literary fiction refers to the realistic fiction of human character, or more broadly, "all serious prose fiction outside the market genres", the genres being for example <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Science_fiction?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fantasy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fantasy">fantasy</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thriller_(genre)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thriller (genre)">thrillers</a> or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Western_(genre)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Western (genre)">Westerns</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mainstream1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-mainstream1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jeff Prucher defined mainstream literature as "realistic literature... that does not belong to a marketing category (especially science fiction, fantasy or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Horror_fiction?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Horror fiction">horror</a>)".<sup id="cite_ref-:02_4-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:02-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_E._Gunn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James E. Gunn">James Gunn</a> also noted the difference between commercial and literary mainstreams, with the former meaning authors whose works are popular – high-selling bestsellers – and the latter, works seen as "art". He also noted that there is a contradiction between these, as "high sales figures are generally taken to mean the author has <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Selling_out?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Selling out">sold out</a>" and left the literary mainstream. He further defined the literary mainstream as "dominated by the academic-literary community—university professors of literature; high-powered critics for prestige publications such as the <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Book_Review?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The New York Times Book Review">New York Times Book Review</a></i>, <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a></i>, and <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_New_Yorker?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i>: and writers who take the first two groups seriously". According to Gunn, the field of literary fiction in the United States is significantly framed by fiction of the early 20th century and classic canon made from works of authors such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Virginia_Woolf?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Virginia Woolf">Virginia Woolf</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_Joyce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a> or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henry_James?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henry James">Henry James</a> (all of European descent).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Classic_literature">Classic literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_fiction&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Classic literature" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Classic_book?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Classic book">Classic book</a> </div> <p>Literary fiction includes <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Classic_book?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Classic book">classic books</a>: that is works in any discipline that have been accepted as being exemplary or noteworthy. This includes being listed in a list of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Great_books?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Great books">great books</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Europe">Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_fiction&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Europe" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In English literary studies, the terms "classic book" and "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Western_canon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Western canon">Western canon</a>" are closely related concepts, but they are not necessarily synonymous. A "canon" refers to a list of books considered to be "essential" and is presented in a variety of ways. It can be published as a collection, such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Great_Books_of_the_Western_World?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Great Books of the Western World">Great Books of the Western World</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modern_Library?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modern Library">Modern Library</a>, or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Penguin_Classics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Penguin Classics">Penguin Classics</a>, or presented as a list by an academic such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harold_Bloom?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harold Bloom">Harold Bloom</a>'<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or be the official reading list of an institution of higher learning.<sup id="cite_ref-Stjohnscollege.edu_18-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Stjohnscollege.edu-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Robert_M._Hutchins?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert M. Hutchins">Robert M. Hutchins</a> in his 1952 preface to the <i>Great Books of the Western World</i> declared:</p> <dl> <dd> Until lately the West has regarded it as self-evident that the road to education lay through great books. No man was educated unless he was acquainted with the masterpieces of his tradition. There never was very much doubt in anybody's mind about which the masterpieces were. They were the books that had endured and that the common voice of mankind called the finest creations, in writing, of the Western mind.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </dd> </dl> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ben_Bova?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ben Bova">Ben Bova</a>, remarking on the distinction between genre and non-genre works, argued that "the literature of the fantastic was the mainstream of world storytelling from the time writing began until the beginning of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/17th_century?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="17th century">seventeenth century</a>", and that older classics have more in common with modern, fantastical genre works than with the genre of literary, mainstream fiction.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="China">China</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_fiction&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: China" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Classic_Chinese_Novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Classic Chinese Novels">Classic Chinese Novels</a> </div> <p>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Classic_Chinese_Novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Classic Chinese Novels">Classic Chinese Novels</a> are works of fiction noted for their immense impact on Chinese culture and literature.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="High_culture">High culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_fiction&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: High culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Literary fiction can be considered an example of "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/High_culture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="High culture">high culture</a>" and contrasted with "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Popular_culture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Popular culture">popular culture</a>" and "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mass_culture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass culture">mass culture</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-literaryornot_10-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-literaryornot-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>The poet and critic <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Matthew_Arnold?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Matthew Arnold">Matthew Arnold</a> defined "culture", in <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Culture_and_Anarchy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Culture and Anarchy">Culture and Anarchy</a></i> (1869), as "the disinterested endeavour after man's perfection" pursued, obtained, and achieved by effort to "know the best that has been said and thought in the world".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such a literary definition of high culture also includes <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philosophy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a>. The philosophy of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aesthetics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aesthetics">aesthetics</a> proposed high culture as a force for moral and political good.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Literary_merit">Literary merit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_fiction&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Literary merit" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Since 1901 the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a> has frequently been awarded to the authors of literary fiction. This annual award is presented to a writer from any country who has, in the field of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Literature">literature</a>, produced the most outstanding work in an <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Idealism_(arts)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Idealism (arts)">idealistic</a> direction.<sup id="cite_ref-nobelorglit_23-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-nobelorglit-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-swedishref_24-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-swedishref-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, the award is based on an author's body of work as a whole.</p> <p>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Booker_Prize?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Booker Prize">International Booker Prize</a> is a similar British award given for outstanding literary fiction translated into English. This complements the earlier <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Booker_Prize?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Booker Prize">Booker Prize</a>, which is awarded to fiction in the English language. For both judges are selected from amongst leading literary critics, writers, academics and public figures. The Booker judging process and the very concept of a "best book" being chosen by a small number of literary insiders is controversial for many.<sup id="cite_ref-notthebooker_25-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-notthebooker-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Author <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amit_Chaudhuri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amit Chaudhuri">Amit Chaudhuri</a> wrote: "The idea that a 'book of the year' can be assessed annually by a bunch of people – judges who have to read almost a book a day – is absurd, as is the idea that this is any way of honouring a writer."<sup id="cite_ref-bookercrit_26-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-bookercrit-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Reactions">Reactions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_fiction&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Reactions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>In an interview, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Updike?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Updike">John Updike</a> lamented that "the category of 'literary fiction' has sprung up recently to torment people like me who just set out to write books, and if anybody wanted to read them, terrific, the more the merrier ... I'm a genre writer of a sort. I write literary fiction, which is like spy fiction or chick lit."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likewise, on <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Charlie_Rose_Show?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="The Charlie Rose Show">The Charlie Rose Show</a></i>, Updike argued that this term, when applied to his work, greatly limited him and his expectations of what might come of his writing, so he does not really like it. He suggested that all his works are literary, simply because "they are written in words."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_28-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>James Gunn noted that genre fans and critics criticize mainstream literary fiction as mundane, with the term's "deliberate overtones of dullness, worldliness, and uninspired realism". He criticized mainstream literary fiction as becoming increasingly stagnant and marginalized.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This view has been echoed by others; for example, British science fiction/fantasy writer <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adam_Roberts_(British_writer)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adam Roberts (British writer)">Adam Roberts</a> commented, "It's not that SFF [science fiction and fantasy] is a ghetto inside the glorious city of 'Literary Fiction', but the reverse. 'Literary' novels sell abominably badly, by and large; popular culture in the main belongs to SF and Fantasy, eighteen of the top twenty highest grossing movies of all time are SFF, [and] everybody recognises SFF icons and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internet_meme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internet meme">memes</a>'".<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>In the context of science fiction, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brian_Stableford?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brian Stableford">Brian Stableford</a> defined literary fiction as "a tradition that had been and remained stubbornly indifferent to, if not proudly ignorant of, the progress of science".<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gunn wrote, "The SF community uses the word mainstream to describe the fiction that is getting the attention they want; the word is a confession that SF is felt to be a sidestream, a tributary.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Critics and readers of mainstream literary fiction have been accused of "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Snob?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Snob">snobbery</a>" when it comes to their dislike of genre fiction.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_fiction&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aesthetics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Aesthetic_judgment" title="Aesthetics">Aesthetic judgment</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_criticism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Literary criticism">Literary criticism</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_genre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Literary genre">Literary genre</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_theory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Literary theory">Literary theory</a></li> <li><i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A_Reader%27s_Manifesto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="A Reader's Manifesto">A Reader's Manifesto</a></i></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pop_culture_fiction?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pop culture fiction">Pop culture fiction</a> - literature involving popular culture references and crossovers</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Postmodern_literature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Postmodern literature">Postmodern literature</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Great_American_Novel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="The Great American Novel">The Great American Novel</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_fiction&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:04-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:04_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMeyer2008" class="citation book cs1">Meyer, Michael (2008). <i>The Bedford Introduction to Literature: Reading, Thinking, Writing</i> (8th ed.). Boston: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bedford?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bedford">Bedford</a>. p. 24. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-47200-9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-47200-9"><bdi>978-0-312-47200-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bedford+Introduction+to+Literature%3A+Reading%2C+Thinking%2C+Writing&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=24&rft.edition=8th&rft.pub=Bedford&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-312-47200-9&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-:2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:2_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCunninghamZelazko2023" class="citation web cs1">Cunningham, John M.; Zelazko, Alicja (2023-04-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/art/popular-literature">"Popular literature"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encyclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-06-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Popular+literature&rft.pub=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.date=2023-04-21&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=John+M.&rft.au=Zelazko%2C+Alicja&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2Fpopular-literature&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nybookeditors.com/2018/07/what-is-literary-fiction/">A Beginner's Guide to Literary Fiction" | NY Book Editors</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-:02-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:02_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:02_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrucher2007" class="citation book cs1">Prucher, Jeff (2007-03-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DnXuGAAAAIAAJ%26q%3DBrave%2Bnew%2Bwords%2B%2Bthe%2BOxford%2Bdictionary%2Bof%2Bscience%2Bfiction"><i>Brave New Words: The Oxford Dictionary of Science Fiction</i></a>. Oxford University Press, USA. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530567-8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530567-8"><bdi>978-0-19-530567-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brave+New+Words%3A+The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Science+Fiction&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+USA&rft.date=2007-03-21&rft.isbn=978-0-19-530567-8&rft.aulast=Prucher&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnXuGAAAAIAAJ%26q%3DBrave%2Bnew%2Bwords%2B%2Bthe%2BOxford%2Bdictionary%2Bof%2Bscience%2Bfiction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-:1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:1_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:1_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunn1988" class="citation book cs1">Gunn, James E. (1988). "Mainstream". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DhioYAAAAIAAJ%26q%3DThe%2BNew%2Bencyclopedia%2Bof%2Bscience%2Bfiction"><i>The New Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i></a>. Viking. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-670-81041-3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-81041-3"><bdi>978-0-670-81041-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mainstream&rft.btitle=The+New+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.pub=Viking&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-670-81041-3&rft.aulast=Gunn&rft.aufirst=James+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhioYAAAAIAAJ%26q%3DThe%2BNew%2Bencyclopedia%2Bof%2Bscience%2Bfiction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"written work valued for superior or lasting artistic merit". ("Literature", OED).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Girolimon, Mars. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.snhu.edu/about-us/newsroom/liberal-arts/types-of-genres">"Types of Genres: A Literary Guide"</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Southern_New_Hampshire_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Southern New Hampshire University">Southern New Hampshire University</a>, 11 December 2023. Retrieved 3 September 2024.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Goth-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Goth_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Goth_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Reissenweber, Brandi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.writingclasses.com/toolbox/ask-writer/what-is-the-difference-between-genre-fiction-and-literary-fiction-how-do-i-know">"Ask The Writer: What is the difference between genre fiction and literary fiction?"</a> Gotham Writers' Workshop. Retrieved 3 September 2024.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mason, Anita. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2014/apr/22/genre-fiction-literary-centre-anita-mason">"Genre fiction radiates from a literary centre"</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 22 April 2014. Retrieved 21 October 2024.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-literaryornot-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-literaryornot_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-literaryornot_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://journal.themissingslate.com/article/literary-or-not/">Literary or Not - The Reality of Escapist Fiction — The Missing Slate</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009180-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009180_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFSaricks2009">Saricks 2009</a>, p. 180.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009181–82-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009181%E2%80%9382_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFSaricks2009">Saricks 2009</a>, pp. 181–82.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009182-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009182_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFSaricks2009">Saricks 2009</a>, p. 182.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERafferty2011-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERafferty2011_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFRafferty2011">Rafferty 2011</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009179-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009179_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFSaricks2009">Saricks 2009</a>, p. 179.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-mainstream1-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-mainstream1_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/mainstream_writers_of_sf">"SFE: Mainstream Writers of SF"</a>. <i>sf-encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sf-encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=SFE%3A+Mainstream+Writers+of+SF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fmainstream_writers_of_sf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloom,_Harold1994" class="citation book cs1">Bloom, Harold (1994). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/westerncanonbook00bloorich"><i>The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages</i></a></span>. New York: Harcourt Brace & Company. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-15-195747-7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-15-195747-7"><bdi>978-0-15-195747-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Western+Canon%3A+The+Books+and+School+of+the+Ages&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harcourt+Brace+%26+Company&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-15-195747-7&rft.au=Bloom%2C+Harold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwesterncanonbook00bloorich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Stjohnscollege.edu-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Stjohnscollege.edu_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527090156/http://www.stjohnscollege.edu/academic/readlist.shtml">"St. John's College | Academic Program | The Reading List"</a>. Stjohnscollege.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.stjohnscollege.edu/academic/readlist.shtml">the original</a> on May 27, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-06-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+John%27s+College+%26%23124%3B+Academic+Program+%26%23124%3B+The+Reading+List&rft.pub=Stjohnscollege.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stjohnscollege.edu%2Facademic%2Freadlist.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hutchins, Robert M., ed. (1952). <i>Great Books of the Western World</i> (Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica), v. 1, p. xi.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbert1981" class="citation book cs1">Herbert, Frank (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3Dw7xO2N8RGGMC%26q%3DThe%2Bliterature%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bfantastic%2Bwas%2Bthe%2Bmainstream"><i>Nebula Winners: Fifteen</i></a>. Harper & Row. p. 175. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-014830-0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-014830-0"><bdi>978-0-06-014830-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nebula+Winners%3A+Fifteen&rft.pages=175&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-0-06-014830-0&rft.aulast=Herbert&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw7xO2N8RGGMC%26q%3DThe%2Bliterature%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bfantastic%2Bwas%2Bthe%2Bmainstream&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i> (1967) Volume 1. p. 167.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnold1869" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Matthew_Arnold?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Matthew Arnold">Arnold, Matthew</a> (1869). <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Culture_and_Anarchy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Culture and Anarchy">Culture and Anarchy</a></i>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Cornhill_Magazine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Cornhill Magazine">The Cornhill Magazine</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Culture+and+Anarchy&rft.pub=The+Cornhill+Magazine&rft.date=1869&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span> <ul> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation gutenberg"> (2003) <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/4212">Culture and Anarchy</a></i> at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Project_Gutenberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></span></li> </ul></span></li> <li id="cite_note-nobelorglit-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-nobelorglit_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobels-testamente/">"Alfred Nobel will"</a>. <i>nobelprize.org</i>. 15 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nobelprize.org&rft.atitle=Alfred+Nobel+will&rft.date=2017-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Falfred-nobel%2Falfred-nobels-testamente%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-swedishref-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-swedishref_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Sutherland2007" class="citation news cs1">John Sutherland (13 October 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,,2189673,00.html">"Ink and Spit"</a>. <i>Guardian Unlimited Books</i>. The Guardian<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guardian+Unlimited+Books&rft.atitle=Ink+and+Spit&rft.date=2007-10-13&rft.au=John+Sutherland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.guardian.co.uk%2Freview%2Fstory%2F0%2C%2C2189673%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-notthebooker-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-notthebooker_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.theguardian.com/books/series/not-the-booker-prize">"Not the Booker prize"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 16 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Not+the+Booker+prize&rft.date=2017-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2Fseries%2Fnot-the-booker-prize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-bookercrit-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-bookercrit_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaudhuri2017" class="citation news cs1">Chaudhuri, Amit (15 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/aug/16/booker-prize-bad-for-writing-alternative-celebrate-literature">"My fellow authors are too busy chasing prizes to write about what matters"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=My+fellow+authors+are+too+busy+chasing+prizes+to+write+about+what+matters&rft.date=2017-08-15&rft.aulast=Chaudhuri&rft.aufirst=Amit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fcommentisfree%2F2017%2Faug%2F16%2Fbooker-prize-bad-for-writing-alternative-celebrate-literature&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrossman2006" class="citation magazine cs1">Grossman, Lev (28 May 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,1198911-3,00.html">"Old Master in a Brave New World"</a>. <i>Time</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Old+Master+in+a+Brave+New+World&rft.date=2006-05-28&rft.aulast=Grossman&rft.aufirst=Lev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fsubscriber%2Farticle%2F0%2C33009%2C1198911-3%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-:0-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/356"><i>The Charlie Rose Show</i> from June 14, 2006 with John Updike</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203054558/http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/356">Archived</a> February 3, 2009, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNotion2018" class="citation web cs1">Notion, Dream (2018-07-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://factordaily.com/adam-roberts-interview/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'We're Winning the War': A Q&A with SF writer, critic and historian, Adam Roberts"</a>. <i>FactorDaily</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FactorDaily&rft.atitle=%27We%27re+Winning+the+War%27%3A+A+Q%26A+with+SF+writer%2C+critic+and+historian%2C+Adam+Roberts&rft.date=2018-07-07&rft.aulast=Notion&rft.aufirst=Dream&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffactordaily.com%2Fadam-roberts-interview%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStableford2006" class="citation book cs1">Stableford, Brian (2006-09-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DpH9sBgAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522a%2Btradition%2Bthat%2Bhad%2Bbeen%2Band%2Bremained%2Bstubbornly%2Bindifferent%2Bto%252C%2Bif%2Bnot%2Bproudly%2Bignorant%2Bof%252C%2Bthe%2Bprogress%2Bof%2Bscience%2522%26pg%3DPR21"><i>Science Fact and Science Fiction: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. Routledge. pp. xxi. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-92373-0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-92373-0"><bdi>978-1-135-92373-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Science+Fact+and+Science+Fiction%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=xxi&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006-09-06&rft.isbn=978-1-135-92373-0&rft.aulast=Stableford&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpH9sBgAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522a%2Btradition%2Bthat%2Bhad%2Bbeen%2Band%2Bremained%2Bstubbornly%2Bindifferent%2Bto%252C%2Bif%2Bnot%2Bproudly%2Bignorant%2Bof%252C%2Bthe%2Bprogress%2Bof%2Bscience%2522%26pg%3DPR21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literary_novels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/genre_sf">"SFE: Genre SF"</a>. <i>sf-encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sf-encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=SFE%3A+Genre+SF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fgenre_sf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Literary_fiction&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Bibliography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style> <div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColes2009" class="citation book cs1">Coles, William (2009). <i>Literary Story As an Art Form: A Text for Writers</i>. AuthorHouse. p. 136.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Literary+Story+As+an+Art+Form%3A+A+Text+for+Writers&rft.pages=136&rft.pub=AuthorHouse&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Coles&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelany2009" class="citation book cs1">Delany, Samuel (2009). Freedman, Carl (ed.). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/conversationswit0000dela"><i>Conversations With Samuel R. Delany</i></a></span>. Literary Conversations Series. University Press of Mississippi. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/conversationswit0000dela/page/214">214</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conversations+With+Samuel+R.+Delany&rft.series=Literary+Conversations+Series&rft.pages=214&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Mississippi&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Delany&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconversationswit0000dela&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHabjanImlinger2015" class="citation book cs1">Habjan, Jernej; Imlinger, Fabienne (2015). <i>Globalizing Literary Genres: Literature, History, Modernity</i>. London: Routledge.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Globalizing+Literary+Genres%3A+Literature%2C+History%2C+Modernity&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Habjan&rft.aufirst=Jernej&rft.au=Imlinger%2C+Fabienne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRafferty2011" class="citation news cs1">Rafferty, Terrence (February 4, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/06/books/review/Rafferty-t.html">"Reluctant Seer"</a>. <i>The New York Times Sunday Book Review</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 23,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times+Sunday+Book+Review&rft.atitle=Reluctant+Seer&rft.date=2011-02-04&rft.aulast=Rafferty&rft.aufirst=Terrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F02%2F06%2Fbooks%2Freview%2FRafferty-t.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaricks2009" class="citation book cs1">Saricks, Joyce (2009). <i>The Readers' Advisory Guide to Genre Fiction</i> (2nd ed.). ALA Editions. p. 402.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Readers%27+Advisory+Guide+to+Genre+Fiction&rft.pages=402&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=ALA+Editions&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Saricks&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaricks2005" class="citation book cs1">Saricks, Joyce (2005). <i>Readers' Advisory Service In The Public Library</i> (3rd ed.). ALA Editions. p. 211.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Readers%27+Advisory+Service+In+The+Public+Library&rft.pages=211&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=ALA+Editions&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Saricks&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiterary+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259C%25D7%2599%25D7%2598%25D7%25A2%25D7%25A8%25D7%2590%25D7%25A8%25D7%2599%25D7%25A9%25D7%25A2_%25D7%25A4%25D7%2599%25D7%25A7%25D7%25A6%25D7%2599%25D7%25A2" title="ליטערארישע פיקציע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ליטערארישע פיקציע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%2596%2587%25E5%25AD%25B8%25E5%25B0%258F%25E8%25AA%25AA" title="文學小說 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="文學小說" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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