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class="mw-page-title-main">Sinfonia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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.hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Sinfonia (disambiguation)">Sinfonia (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p><b>Sinfonia</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[siɱfoˈniːa]</a></span>; plural <i>sinfonie</i>) is the Italian word for <a href="/wiki/Symphony" title="Symphony">symphony</a>, from the Latin <i>symphonia</i>, in turn derived from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> συμφωνία <i>symphōnia</i> (agreement or concord of sound), from the prefix σύν (together) and Φωνή (sound). In English it most commonly refers to a 17th- or 18th-century <a href="/wiki/Orchestral" class="mw-redirect" title="Orchestral">orchestral</a> piece used as an introduction, interlude, or postlude to an <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">opera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oratorio" title="Oratorio">oratorio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cantata" title="Cantata">cantata</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Suite_(music)" title="Suite (music)">suite</a> (<a href="#CITEREFAbate1999">Abate 1999</a>, who gives the origin of the word as Italian) (<a href="#CITEREFLotha,_and_the_Editors_of_the_Encyclopædia_Britannican.d.">Lotha, and the Editors of the Encyclopædia Britannica n.d.</a>)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (July 2017)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup>. The word is also found in other <a href="/wiki/Romance_languages" title="Romance languages">Romance languages</a> such as Spanish or Portuguese. </p><p>In the Middle Ages down to as late as 1588, it was also the Italian name for the <a href="/wiki/Hurdy-gurdy" title="Hurdy-gurdy">hurdy-gurdy</a> (<a href="#CITEREFMarcuse1975">Marcuse 1975</a>, p. 477). <a href="/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach" title="Johann Sebastian Bach">Johann Sebastian Bach</a> used the term for his keyboard compositions also known as <i><a href="/wiki/Inventions_and_Sinfonias_(Bach)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inventions and Sinfonias (Bach)">Three-part Inventions</a></i>, and after about 1800, the term, when in reference to opera, meant "<a href="/wiki/Overture" title="Overture">Overture</a>" (<a href="#CITEREFFisher1998">Fisher 1998</a>, p. 386). </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/George_Frideric_Handel" title="George Frideric Handel">George Frideric Handel</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Oratorio" title="Oratorio">oratorio</a> <a href="/wiki/Messiah_(Handel)" title="Messiah (Handel)">Messiah (HWV 56)</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Overture" title="Overture">Overture</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Messiah" title="Messiah">Messiah</a>" (<a href="/wiki/French_overture" title="French overture">French Overture</a> in <a href="/wiki/E_minor" title="E minor">E minor</a>) was originally titled "Sinfony". </p><p>In the 20th and 21st centuries it is found in the names of some chamber orchestras, such as the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sinfonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Sinfonia">Northern Sinfonia</a> (<a href="#CITEREFKennedy2006">Kennedy 2006</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sinfonias_in_the_vocal_works_by_Johann_Sebastian_Bach">Sinfonias in the vocal works by Johann Sebastian Bach</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinfonia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Sinfonias in the vocal works by Johann Sebastian Bach"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Work</th> <th>Movement</th> <th>Related instrumental work</th> <th>Movement </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Christ_lag_in_Todes_Banden,_BWV_4" title="Christ lag in Todes Banden, BWV 4">Christ lag in Todes Banden, BWV 4</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Weinen,_Klagen,_Sorgen,_Zagen,_BWV_12" title="Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen, BWV 12">Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen, BWV 12</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gleichwie_der_Regen_und_Schnee_vom_Himmel_f%C3%A4llt,_BWV_18" title="Gleichwie der Regen und Schnee vom Himmel fällt, BWV 18">Gleichwie der Regen und Schnee vom Himmel fällt, BWV 18</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ich_hatte_viel_Bek%C3%BCmmernis,_BWV_21" title="Ich hatte viel Bekümmernis, BWV 21">Ich hatte viel Bekümmernis, BWV 21</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wir_danken_dir,_Gott,_wir_danken_dir,_BWV_29" title="Wir danken dir, Gott, wir danken dir, BWV 29">Wir danken dir, Gott, wir danken dir, BWV 29</a></td> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BWV_1006" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 1006">Partita for Violin No. 3 in E major, BWV 1006</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Geist_und_Seele_wird_verwirret,_BWV_35" title="Geist und Seele wird verwirret, BWV 35">Geist und Seele wird verwirret, BWV 35</a></td> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BWV_1059" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 1059">Concerto in D minor (fragment), BWV 1059</a> (<a href="#CITEREFGardiner2007">Gardiner 2007</a>, 13, 16–18)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Geist und Seele wird verwirret, BWV 35</td> <td>5</td> <td>Probably the same lost work as BWV 35/1 (<a href="#CITEREFGardiner2007">Gardiner 2007</a>, 13, 16–18)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Am_Abend_aber_desselbigen_Sabbats,_BWV_42" title="Am Abend aber desselbigen Sabbats, BWV 42">Am Abend aber desselbigen Sabbats, BWV 42</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ich_geh_und_suche_mit_Verlangen,_BWV_49" title="Ich geh und suche mit Verlangen, BWV 49">Ich geh und suche mit Verlangen, BWV 49</a></td> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BWV_1053" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 1053">Keyboard Concerto No. 2 in E major, BWV 1053</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Falsche_Welt,_dir_trau_ich_nicht,_BWV_52" title="Falsche Welt, dir trau ich nicht, BWV 52">Falsche Welt, dir trau ich nicht, BWV 52</a></td> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BWV_1046a" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 1046a">Sinfonia in F major (early version of Brandenburg Concerto No. 1), BWV 1046a</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Die_Elenden_sollen_essen,_BWV_75" title="Die Elenden sollen essen, BWV 75">Die Elenden sollen essen, BWV 75</a></td> <td>8</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Die_Himmel_erz%C3%A4hlen_die_Ehre_Gottes,_BWV_76" title="Die Himmel erzählen die Ehre Gottes, BWV 76">Die Himmel erzählen die Ehre Gottes, BWV 76</a></td> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BWV_528" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 528">Organ Sonata No. 4 in E minor, BWV 528</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Herr_Gott,_Beherrscher_aller_Dinge,_BWV_120a" title="Herr Gott, Beherrscher aller Dinge, BWV 120a">Herr Gott, Beherrscher aller Dinge, BWV 120a</a></td> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BWV_1006" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 1006">Partita for Violin No. 3 in E major, BWV 1006</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wir_m%C3%BCssen_durch_viel_Tr%C3%BCbsal,_BWV_146" title="Wir müssen durch viel Trübsal, BWV 146">Wir müssen durch viel Trübsal, BWV 146</a></td> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BWV_1052" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 1052">Keyboard Concerto No. 1 in D minor, BWV 1052</a> (<a href="#CITEREFBach2004–2018">Bach 2004–2018</a>)</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nach_dir,_Herr,_verlanget_mich,_BWV_150" title="Nach dir, Herr, verlanget mich, BWV 150">Nach dir, Herr, verlanget mich, BWV 150</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tritt_auf_die_Glaubensbahn,_BWV_152" title="Tritt auf die Glaubensbahn, BWV 152">Tritt auf die Glaubensbahn, BWV 152</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ich_steh_mit_einem_Fu%C3%9F_im_Grabe,_BWV_156" title="Ich steh mit einem Fuß im Grabe, BWV 156">Ich steh mit einem Fuß im Grabe, BWV 156</a></td> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BWV_1056" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 1056">Keyboard Concerto No. 5 in F minor, BWV 1056</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gott_soll_allein_mein_Herze_haben,_BWV_169" title="Gott soll allein mein Herze haben, BWV 169">Gott soll allein mein Herze haben, BWV 169</a></td> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BWV_1053" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 1053">Keyboard Concerto No. 2 in E major, BWV 1053</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ich_liebe_den_H%C3%B6chsten_von_ganzem_Gem%C3%BCte,_BWV_174" title="Ich liebe den Höchsten von ganzem Gemüte, BWV 174">Ich liebe den Höchsten von ganzem Gemüte, BWV 174</a></td> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BWV_1048" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 1048">Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G major, BWV 1048</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ich_habe_meine_Zuversicht,_BWV_188" title="Ich habe meine Zuversicht, BWV 188">Ich habe meine Zuversicht, BWV 188</a></td> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BWV_1052" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 1052">Keyboard Concerto No. 1 in D minor, BWV 1052</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Der_Herr_denket_an_uns,_BWV_196" title="Der Herr denket an uns, BWV 196">Der Herr denket an uns, BWV 196</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non_sa_che_sia_dolore,_BWV_209" title="Non sa che sia dolore, BWV 209">Non sa che sia dolore, BWV 209</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/St_John_Passion_structure#Version_III" title="St John Passion structure">St John Passion (third version)</a>, BWV 245</td> <td>33 (lost)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Oratorio" title="Christmas Oratorio">Christmas Oratorio</a>, BWV 248</td> <td>Part II, 1</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Easter_Oratorio" title="Easter Oratorio">Easter Oratorio</a>, BWV 249<br /><a href="/wiki/Entfliehet,_verschwindet,_entweichet,_ihr_Sorgen,_BWV_249a" title="Entfliehet, verschwindet, entweichet, ihr Sorgen, BWV 249a">Entfliehet, verschwindet, entweichet, ihr Sorgen, BWV 249a</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The opening movements of cantatas <a href="/wiki/BWV_31" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 31">BWV 31</a> and <a href="/wiki/BWV_182" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 182">BWV 182</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are named "sonata" and the first movement of cantata <a href="/wiki/BWV_106" class="mw-redirect" title="BWV 106">BWV 106</a> "sonatina".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_in_D_major,_BWV_1045" title="Sinfonia in D major, BWV 1045">Sinfonia in D major, BWV 1045</a> is considered a sinfonia of a lost cantata, because its manuscript indicates that the piece had four vocal parts.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symphony_with_an_alternative_scope">Symphony with an alternative scope</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinfonia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Symphony with an alternative scope"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Examples of such "sinfonias" composed after the <a href="/wiki/Classical_music_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical music era">classical era</a> include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_d%27Indy" title="Vincent d'Indy">Vincent d'Indy</a> wrote a <i>Sinfonia brevis de bello Gallico</i>, Latin for: "Short Symphony about the War in Gaul".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a> titled the first movement of his 1923 <a href="/wiki/Octet_(Stravinsky)" title="Octet (Stravinsky)">Octet</a> "Sinfonia".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a>'s 1940 <i><a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_da_Requiem" title="Sinfonia da Requiem">Sinfonia da Requiem</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinfonia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_concertante" title="Sinfonia concertante">Sinfonia concertante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinfonietta_(symphony)" title="Sinfonietta (symphony)">Sinfonietta (symphony)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Mu_Alpha_Sinfonia" title="Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia">Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overture" title="Overture">Overture</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinfonia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/sinfonia-music">"Sinfonia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sinfonia&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2Fsinfonia-music&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFAbate1999">Abate, Frank R. (ed.). <i>The Oxford American Dictionary and Language Guide</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-513449-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-513449-0">978-0-19-513449-0</a>.</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562" /><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFBach2004–2018">Bach, Peter. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/146.html">Werk: Vokalwerke: BWV 146: Wir müssen durch viel Trübsal</a>". [s.l.]: Bach.de, 2004–2018 (accessed 13 May 2018).</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562" /><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFBukofzer1947"><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Bukofzer" title="Manfred Bukofzer">Bukofzer, Manfred</a>. <i>Music in the Baroque Era</i>. New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1947. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-09745-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-09745-5">0-393-09745-5</a>.</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562" /><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFCusick2001"><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Cusick" title="Suzanne Cusick">Cusick, Suzanne G.</a>; Jan Larue; <a href="/wiki/John_Tyrrell_(professor_of_music)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Tyrrell (professor of music)">John Tyrrell</a> (2001), "Sinfonia (i)" in <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Sadie" title="Stanley Sadie">Stanley Sadie</a> (ed.), <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Music_and_Musicians" title="The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians">The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians</a></i>, 2nd edition, London: Macmillan Publishers, 2001.</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562" /><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFFisher1998">Fisher, Stephen C. "Sinfonia" in Stanley Sadie (ed.), <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Opera" title="The New Grove Dictionary of Opera">The New Grove Dictionary of Opera</a></i>, Vol. Four. p. 386. London, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-333-73432-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-333-73432-7">0-333-73432-7</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56159-228-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-56159-228-5">1-56159-228-5</a>.</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562" /><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFGardiner2007"><a href="/wiki/John_Eliot_Gardiner" title="John Eliot Gardiner">Gardiner, John Eliot</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monteverdi.co.uk/downloads/booklets/sdg134.pdf">Cantatas for the Twelfth Sunday after Trinity / Jakobskirche, Köthen</a>. [s.l.]: Monteverdi Choir, 2007 (accessed 1 September 2017</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562" /><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFKennedy2006">Kennedy, Michael. "Sinfonia". <i>The Oxford Dictionary of Music</i>, 2nd edition, revised, associate editor, Joyce Bourne. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861459-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861459-3">978-0-19-861459-3</a>.</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562" /><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFLotha,_and_the_Editors_of_the_Encyclopædia_Britannican.d.">Lotha, Gloria, and the Editors of the Encyclopædia Britannica. N.d. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/sinfonia-music">Sinfonia</a>". Encyclopædia Britannica online edition</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562" /><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFMarcuse1975">Marcuse, Sibyl. <i>Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary</i>, corrected edition. The Norton Library. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1975. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-00758-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-00758-8">0-393-00758-8</a>.</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562" /><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFRandel1986">Randel, Don (ed.). <i>The New Harvard Dictionary of Music</i>. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1986. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-61525-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-61525-5">0-674-61525-5</a>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinfonia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/29.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 29"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F29.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/49.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 49"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+49&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F49.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/52.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 52"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+52&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F52.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/76.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 76"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+76&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F76.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/120a.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 120a"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+120a&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F120a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/156.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 156"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+156&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F156.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/169.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 169"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+169&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F169.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/174.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 174"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+174&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F174.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/188.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 188"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+188&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F188.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000309">"Bach digital - Johannes-Passion [3. Fassung] BWV 245.3"</a>. <i>www.bach-digital.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach-digital.de&rft.atitle=Bach+digital+-+Johannes-Passion+%5B3.+Fassung%5D+BWV+245.3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach-digital.de%2Freceive%2FBachDigitalWork_work_00000309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/31.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 31"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F31.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/182.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 182"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+182&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F182.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach.de/werk/bwv/106.html">"www.bach.de | Werk | Vokalwerke | BWV 106"</a>. <i>www.bach.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bach.de&rft.atitle=www.bach.de+%26%23124%3B+Werk+%26%23124%3B+Vokalwerke+%26%23124%3B+BWV+106&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach.de%2Fwerk%2Fbwv%2F106.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jsbachcantatas.com/documents/chapter-55-bwv-50-bwv-200-bwv-1045/">"Chapter 55 Bwv 50 Bwv 200 Bwv 1045 – The Cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chapter+55+Bwv+50+Bwv+200+Bwv+1045+%E2%80%93+The+Cantatas+of+Johann+Sebastian+Bach&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jsbachcantatas.com%2Fdocuments%2Fchapter-55-bwv-50-bwv-200-bwv-1045%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinfonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinfonia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>A <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mutopiaproject.org/cgibin/make-table.cgi?preview=1&searchingfor=sinfonia&Composer=&Instrument=&Style=&timelength=1&timeunit=week&lilyversion=">selection of <i>sinfonias</i></a> (from the <a href="/wiki/Mutopia_project" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutopia project">Mutopia project</a>)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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