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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>List of the Infallibles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_the_Infallibles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">The Fourteen Infallibles</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="المعصومون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المعصومون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_d%C3%B6rd_m%C9%99sum" title="On dörd məsum – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="On dörd məsum" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85" title="اون‌دورد معصوم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اون‌دورد معصوم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4" title="চতুর্দশ অভ্রান্ত – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চতুর্দশ অভ্রান্ত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%BC%D3%99%D2%93%D1%81%D2%AF%D0%BC" title="Ун дүрт мәғсүм – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ун дүрт мәғсүм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Ctrn%C3%A1ct_neomyln%C3%BDch" title="Čtrnáct neomylných – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Čtrnáct neomylných" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vierzehn_Unfehlbare" title="Vierzehn Unfehlbare – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vierzehn Unfehlbare" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Catorce_Infalibles" title="Los Catorce Infalibles – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Los Catorce Infalibles" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="featured list badge"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85" title="چهارده معصوم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چهارده معصوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quatorze_infaillibles" title="Quatorze infaillibles – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Quatorze infaillibles" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%81_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85" title="ژودہ معصوم – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ژودہ معصوم" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veertien_onfeilbaren" title="Veertien onfeilbaren – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Veertien onfeilbaren" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%81_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85" title="چودہ معصوم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="چودہ معصوم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85" title="Четырнадцать непорочных – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Четырнадцать непорочных" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88%DA%8F%D9%87%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85" title="چوڏهن معصوم – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="چوڏهن معصوم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A1" title="สิบสี่มะอ์ศูม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สิบสี่มะอ์ศูม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_D%C3%B6rt_Masum" title="On Dört Masum – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="On Dört Masum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%81_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85" title="چودہ معصوم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="چودہ معصوم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q219529#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="white-space:nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Fourteen Infallibles</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_view_of_Ali" title="Shia view of Ali">Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima" title="Fatima">Fatima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasan_ibn_Ali" title="Hasan ibn Ali">Hasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali" title="Husayn ibn Ali">Husayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_Husayn_Zayn_al-Abidin" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin">al-Sajjad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Baqir" title="Muhammad al-Baqir">al-Baqir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ja%27far_al-Sadiq" title="Ja'far al-Sadiq">al-Sadiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_al-Kazim" title="Musa al-Kazim">al-Kazim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Rida" title="Ali al-Rida">al-Rida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Jawad" title="Muhammad al-Jawad">al-Taqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Hadi" title="Ali al-Hadi">al-Hadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasan_al-Askari" title="Hasan al-Askari">al-Askari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Mahdi" title="Muhammad al-Mahdi">al-Mahdi</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Shia_Islam" title="Category:Shia Islam">a series</a> on <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia Islam</a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:200%;"><a href="/wiki/Twelver_Shi%27ism" title="Twelver Shi'ism">Twelver Shi'ism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Fourteen Infallibles</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;background:transparent;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;;padding-top:0.15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_Islam" title="Muhammad in Islam">Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_view_of_Fatimah" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia view of Fatimah">Fatimah</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="margin-top:0;padding-top:0;"> The <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Imams" title="Twelve Imams">Twelve Imams</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shia_view_of_Ali" title="Shia view of Ali">Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasan_ibn_Ali" title="Hasan ibn Ali">Hasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali" title="Husayn ibn Ali">Husayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Sajjad" title="Ali al-Sajjad">al-Sajjad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Baqir" title="Muhammad al-Baqir">al-Baqir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ja%27far_al-Sadiq" title="Ja'far al-Sadiq">al-Sadiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_al-Kazim" title="Musa al-Kazim">al-Kazim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Rida" title="Ali al-Rida">ar-Rida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Jawad" title="Muhammad al-Jawad">al-Taqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Hadi" title="Ali al-Hadi">al-Naqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasan_al-Askari" title="Hasan al-Askari">al-Askari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Mahdi" title="Muhammad al-Mahdi">al-Mahdi</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Theology_of_Twelvers" class="mw-redirect" title="Theology of Twelvers">Principles</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">Monotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adalah_(Islam)" title="Adalah (Islam)">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Prophethood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamate_in_Twelver_doctrine" title="Imamate in Twelver doctrine">Imamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Judgement Day</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Other beliefs</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imamate_in_Shia_doctrine" title="Imamate in Shia doctrine">Imamate of the Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourning_of_Muharram" title="Mourning of Muharram">Mourning of Muharram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawassul" title="Tawassul">Intercession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occultation_(Islam)" title="Occultation (Islam)">Occultation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardianship_of_the_Islamic_Jurist" title="Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist">Wilayat al-Faqih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principles_of_Islamic_jurisprudence" title="Principles of Islamic jurisprudence">Usul al-fiqh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijtihad" title="Ijtihad">Ijtihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taqlid" title="Taqlid">Taqlid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irfan" title="Irfan">Irfan</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Ancillaries_of_the_Faith" title="Ancillaries of the Faith">Practices</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">Salat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_in_Islam" title="Fasting in Islam">Sawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakat" title="Zakat">Zakat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khums" title="Khums">Khums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commanding_what_is_just" class="mw-redirect" title="Commanding what is just">Amr bi-l maʿrūf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbidding_what_is_evil" class="mw-redirect" title="Forbidding what is evil">Nahy ani l-Munkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawalli" class="mw-redirect" title="Tawalli">Tawalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabarri" class="mw-redirect" title="Tabarri">Tabarri</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Other practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mourning_of_Muharram" title="Mourning of Muharram">Mourning of Muharram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arba%27een_Pilgrimage" class="mw-redirect" title="Arba'een Pilgrimage">Arba'een Pilgrimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawassul" title="Tawassul">Intercession</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Holy cities</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Najaf" title="Najaf">Najaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karbala" title="Karbala">Karbala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashhad" title="Mashhad">Mashhad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarra" title="Samarra">Samarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadhimiya" title="Kadhimiya">Kadhimiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qom" title="Qom">Qom</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Groups</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ja%27fari_school" title="Ja'fari school">Ja'fari</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Usulism" title="Usulism">Usuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhbari" title="Akhbari">Akhbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaykhism" title="Shaykhism">Shaykhi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Other related sects and groups</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alawites" title="Alawites">Alawites</a></li> <li>Sufi orders and <a href="/wiki/Alevism" title="Alevism">Alevism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qizilbash" title="Qizilbash">Qizilbash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safavid_order" title="Safavid order">Safaviyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bektashism_and_folk_religion" title="Bektashism and folk religion">Bektashism and folk religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malamatiyya" title="Malamatiyya">Malamatiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalandariyya" title="Qalandariyya">Qalandariyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurufism" title="Hurufism">Hurufism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bektashi_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Bektashi Order">Bektashism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galibi_Order" title="Galibi Order">Galibi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%27matull%C4%81h%C4%AB" title="Ni'matullāhī">Ni'matullāhī</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Scholarship</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ja%27fari_jurisprudence" class="mw-redirect" title="Ja'fari jurisprudence">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marja%27" title="Marja'">Marja'</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Maraji" class="mw-redirect" title="Lists of Maraji">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawza" title="Hawza">Hawza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah">Ayatollah</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Ayatollahs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ayatollahs">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allamah" title="Allamah">Allamah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seghatoleslam" title="Seghatoleslam">Seghatoleslam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hojatoleslam" class="mw-redirect" title="Hojatoleslam">Hojatoleslam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijtihad" title="Ijtihad">Ijtihad</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Hadith collections</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Books" title="The Four Books">The Four Books</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitab_al-Kafi" title="Kitab al-Kafi">Kitab al-Kafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man_La_Yahduruhu_al-Faqih" title="Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih">Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahdhib_al-Ahkam" title="Tahdhib al-Ahkam">Tahdhib al-Ahkam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Istibsar" title="Al-Istibsar">Al-Istibsar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Other hadith collections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Sulaym_ibn_Qays" title="The Book of Sulaym ibn Qays">Book of Sulaym ibn Qays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihar_al-Anwar" title="Bihar al-Anwar">Bihar al-Anwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Was%C4%81%27il_al-Sh%C4%AB%CA%BFa" class="mw-redirect" title="Wasā'il al-Shīʿa">Wasā'il al-Shīʿa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_of_Certainty" title="Reality of Certainty">Reality of Certainty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahj_al-Balagha" class="mw-redirect" title="Nahj al-Balagha">Nahj al-Balagha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafatih_al-Jinan" title="Mafatih al-Jinan">Mafatih al-Jinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Sahifa_al-Sajjadiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya">Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Amali_(of_Shaykh_Saduq)" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Amali (of Shaykh Saduq)">Al-Amali</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Sources of <a href="/wiki/Ijtihad" title="Ijtihad">ijtihad</a> and jurisprudence</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hadith_books#Shia_collections" title="List of hadith books">Hadiths</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Infallibles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijma%27" class="mw-redirect" title="Ijma'">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Aql" title="'Aql">Reason</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#D6E1CB;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shia_books" title="List of Shia books">List of Twelver Shia books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Twelver_Shia_Islam" title="Criticism of Twelver Shia Islam">Criticism of Twelver Shi'ism</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghadir_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ghadir_logo.png/16px-Ghadir_logo.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ghadir_logo.png/24px-Ghadir_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ghadir_logo.png/32px-Ghadir_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Shia_Islam" title="Portal:Shia Islam">Shia Islam portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Twelvers" title="Template:Twelvers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Twelvers" title="Template talk:Twelvers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Twelvers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Twelvers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks collapsible"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="font-size:88%; line-height:188%;"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="nobold">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Shia_Islam" title="Category:Shia Islam">a series</a> on</span></span><br /><span style="font-size:188%;"><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia Islam</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghadir_Logo_Vector.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ghadir_Logo_Vector.svg/110px-Ghadir_Logo_Vector.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ghadir_Logo_Vector.svg/165px-Ghadir_Logo_Vector.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ghadir_Logo_Vector.svg/220px-Ghadir_Logo_Vector.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="561" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Beliefs and practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">Monotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Holy Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Prophethood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succession_to_Muhammad" title="Succession to Muhammad">Succession to Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamate_in_Shia_doctrine" title="Imamate in Shia doctrine">Imamate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imamate_in_Ismaili_doctrine" title="Imamate in Ismaili doctrine">Ismaili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamate_in_Twelver_doctrine" title="Imamate in Twelver doctrine">Twelver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamate_in_Zaydi_doctrine" title="Imamate in Zaydi doctrine">Zaydi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_view_of_angels" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic view of angels">Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Judgment Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourning_of_Muharram" title="Mourning of Muharram">Mourning of Muharram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawassul" title="Tawassul">Intercession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_clergy" title="Shia clergy">Clergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Companions" title="The Four Companions">The Four Companions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arba%CA%BDeen_Pilgrimage" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbaʽeen Pilgrimage">Arbaʽeen Pilgrimage</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Shia_days_of_remembrance" title="Shia days of remembrance">Days of remembrance</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashura" title="Ashura">Ashura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arba%27een" class="mw-redirect" title="Arba'een">Arba'een</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawlid" title="Mawlid">Mawlid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid al-Fitr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Adha" title="Eid al-Adha">Eid al-Adha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Event_of_Ghadir_Khumm" class="mw-redirect" title="Event of Ghadir Khumm">Eid al-Ghadir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourning_of_Muharram" title="Mourning of Muharram">Mourning of Muharram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Koshan" title="Omar Koshan">Omar Koshan</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Shia_Islam" title="History of Shia Islam">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Verse_of_purification" title="Verse of purification">Verse of purification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadith_of_the_two_weighty_things" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadith of the two weighty things">Two weighty things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Event_of_the_mubahala" title="Event of the mubahala">Mubahala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadith_of_the_pond_of_Khumm" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadith of the pond of Khumm">Khumm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umar_at_Fatimah%27s_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Umar at Fatimah's house">Fatimah's house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Fitna" title="First Fitna">First Fitna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Fitna" title="Second Fitna">Second Fitna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Karbala" title="Battle of Karbala">Battle of Karbala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_Shia_Islam" title="Origin of Shia Islam">Origin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Shi%27ism" title="Anti-Shi'ism">Persecution</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam#Branches" title="Shia Islam">Branches and sects</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ja%27fari_school" title="Ja'fari school">Ja'fari</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akhbari" title="Akhbari">Akhbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usulism" title="Usulism">Usuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaykhism" title="Shaykhism">Shaykhi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaydism" title="Zaydism">Zaydi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansar_Allah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ansar Allah">Houthi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isma%27ilism" title="Isma'ilism">Isma'ili</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Musta%CA%BDli_Ismailism" class="mw-redirect" title="Mustaʽli Ismailism">Musta'li</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tayyibi_Isma%27ilism" title="Tayyibi Isma'ilism">Tayyibi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dawoodi_Bohra" title="Dawoodi Bohra">Dawoodi Bohra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Dawoodi_Bohra" title="Progressive Dawoodi Bohra">Progressive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebtiahs_Bohra" title="Hebtiahs Bohra">Hebtiahs Bohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atba-i-Malak" class="mw-redirect" title="Atba-i-Malak">Atba-i-Malak Bohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulaymani_Bohra" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulaymani Bohra">Sulaymani Bohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alavi_Bohra" class="mw-redirect" title="Alavi Bohra">Alavi Bohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qutbi_Bohra" class="mw-redirect" title="Qutbi Bohra">Qutbi Bohra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafizi_Isma%27ilism" title="Hafizi Isma'ilism">Hafizi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizari" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizari">Nizari</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khoja" title="Khoja">Khoja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satpanth" title="Satpanth">Satpanth</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghulat" title="Ghulat">Ghulat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alawites" title="Alawites">Alawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alevi" class="mw-redirect" title="Alevi">Alevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bektashi_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Bektashi Order">Bektashi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bektashism_and_folk_religion" title="Bektashism and folk religion">Bektashism and folk religion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qizilbash" title="Qizilbash">Qizilbash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishikism" title="Ishikism">Ishiki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extinct_Shia_sects" title="List of extinct Shia sects">Extinct Shi'a sects</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Kisa" title="Ahl al-Kisa">Ahl al-Kisa</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_Islam" title="Muhammad in Islam">Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_view_of_Ali" title="Shia view of Ali">Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_view_of_Fatima" title="Shia view of Fatima">Fatima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasan_ibn_Ali" title="Hasan ibn Ali">Hasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali" title="Husayn ibn Ali">Husayn</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Holy women</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fatima" title="Fatima">Fatima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khadija_bint_Khuwaylid" title="Khadija bint Khuwaylid">Khadija bint Khuwaylid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Salama" title="Umm Salama">Umm Salama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaynab_bint_Ali" title="Zaynab bint Ali">Zaynab bint Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Kulthum_bint_Ali" title="Umm Kulthum bint Ali">Umm Kulthum bint Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_al-Banin" title="Umm al-Banin">Umm al-Banin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_bint_Hasan" title="Fatima bint Hasan">Fatima bint Hasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruqayya_bint_Husayn" title="Ruqayya bint Husayn">Ruqayya bint Husayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubab_bint_Imra_al-Qais" title="Rubab bint Imra al-Qais">Rubab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahrbanu" title="Shahrbanu">Shahrbanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_bint_Musa" title="Fatima bint Musa">Fatima bint Musa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakimah_Kh%C4%81t%C5%ABn" class="mw-redirect" title="Hakimah Khātūn">Hakimah Khātūn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narjis" title="Narjis">Narjis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatimah_bint_Asad" title="Fatimah bint Asad">Fatimah bint Asad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Farwah_bint_al-Qasim" class="mw-redirect" title="Umm Farwah bint al-Qasim">Umm Farwah bint al-Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruqayya_bint_Ali" title="Ruqayya bint Ali">Ruqayya bint Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyida_Nafisa" title="Sayyida Nafisa">Sayyida Nafisa</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="padding-top:0.1em;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghadir_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ghadir_logo.png/16px-Ghadir_logo.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ghadir_logo.png/24px-Ghadir_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ghadir_logo.png/32px-Ghadir_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Shia_Islam" title="Portal:Shia Islam">Shia Islam portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Shia_Islam" title="Template:Shia Islam"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Shia_Islam" title="Template talk:Shia Islam"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Shia_Islam" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Shia Islam"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Muhammad, Fatima, and the Twelve Imams in Twelver Shia Islam</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Names_of_imameen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Arabic calligraphic art, showing stylized names of the 14 Infallibles, arranged in a symbol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Names_of_imameen.jpg/220px-Names_of_imameen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Names_of_imameen.jpg/330px-Names_of_imameen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Names_of_imameen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="433" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption> Stylized rendition of the names of the 14 infallibles </figcaption></figure> <p><b>The Fourteen Infallibles</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْمَعْصُومُون ٱلْأَرْبَعَة عَشَر</span>, <i><span title="DIN 31635 Arabic (Arabic language) transliteration"><i lang="ar-Latn">al-Maʿṣūmūn al-ʾArbaʿah ʿAšar</i></span></i>; <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl">چهارده معصومین</span>, <i><span title="DIN 31635 Arabic (Persian language) transliteration"><i lang="fa-Latn">Čahârdah Ma'sūmīn</i></span></i>) in <a href="/wiki/Twelver" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelver">Twelver Shia Islam</a> are the Islamic prophet <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>, his daughter <a href="/wiki/Fatima_Zahra" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatima Zahra">Fatima</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Imams" title="Twelve Imams">the Twelve Imams</a>. All are considered to be <a href="/wiki/Ismah" title="Ismah">infallible</a> under the theological concept of <a href="/wiki/Ismah" title="Ismah">Ismah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Accordingly, they have the power to commit sin but by their nature are able to avoid doing so, which is regarded as a miraculous gift from <a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">God</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Infallibles are believed to follow only God's desire in their actions because of their supreme righteousness, consciousness, and love for God.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are also regarded as being immune to error in practical matters, in calling people to religion, and in the perception of divine knowledge.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some Twelver <a href="/wiki/Shia" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia">Shia</a> believe the Fourteen Infallibles are superior to the rest of creation and to the other major <a href="/wiki/Prophets_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophets in Islam">prophets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-harvnb|Algar|1990_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvnb|Algar|1990-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family_tree">Family tree</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Fourteen_Infallibles&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Family tree"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مُحَمَّد</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Fatimah" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatimah">Fatimah</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">فَاطِمَة</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Ali" title="Ali">Ali</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عَلِيّ</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Hasan_ibn_Ali" title="Hasan ibn Ali">Hasan</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْحَسَن</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali" title="Husayn ibn Ali">Husayn</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْحُسَيْن</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_Husayn" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali ibn Husayn">Ali Zayn al-Abideen</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عَلِيّ زَيْن ٱلْعَابِدِين</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Baqir" title="Muhammad al-Baqir">Muhammad al-Baqir</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مُحَمَّد ٱلْبَاقِر</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Jafar_al-Sadiq" class="mw-redirect" title="Jafar al-Sadiq">Ja'far al-Sadiq</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جَعْفَر ٱلصَّادِق</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Musa_al-Kadhim" class="mw-redirect" title="Musa al-Kadhim">Musa al-Kazim</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مُوسَىٰ ٱلْكَاظِم</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Rida" title="Ali al-Rida">Ali al-Rida</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عَلِيّ ٱلرِّضَا</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Taqi" title="Muhammad al-Taqi">Muhammad al-Jawad</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مُحَمَّد ٱلْجَوَّاد</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Hadi" title="Ali al-Hadi">Ali al-Hadi</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عَلِيّ ٱلْهَادِي</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Hasan_al-Askari" title="Hasan al-Askari">Hasan al-Askari</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #DDFFDD"><a href="/wiki/Hujjat-Allah_al-Mahdi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hujjat-Allah al-Mahdi">Hujjat Allah al-Mahdi</a><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">حُجَّة ٱللَّٰه ٱلْمَهْدِيّ</span></span>)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_the_Infallibles">List of the Infallibles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Fourteen_Infallibles&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: List of the Infallibles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="margin-right: 0;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Name<hr /><a href="/wiki/Kunya_(Arabic)" title="Kunya (Arabic)">Kunya</a> </th> <th scope="col">Title<br /><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> </th> <th scope="col">Date of birth and death <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">CE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">AH</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <hr /> Place of birth</li></ul> </th> <th scope="col">Importance </th> <th scope="col">Cause and place of death <hr />Place of burial<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad ibn Abdullah</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَبْد ٱللَّٰه صَلَّىٰ ٱللَّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ</span></span><br /><hr />Abu al-Qasim<sup id="cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasr_2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو ٱلْقَاسِم</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ras%C5%ABl" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasūl">Rasūl Allāh</a></i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">رَسُول ٱللَّٰه</span></span>)<br />(<i>Messenger of God</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasr_2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Khātam al-ʾAnbiyāʾ</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">خَاتَم ٱلْأَنْبِیَاء</span></span>)<br />(<i>Seal of the Prophets</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>al-Muṣṭafā</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْمُصْطَفَىٰ</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Chosen</i>)</li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>570 – 632<sup id="cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasr_2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>53 BH<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–10<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Makkah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasr_2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Considered by Muslims to be the last prophet sent by God to mankind. According to Muslims, God <a href="/wiki/Wahy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wahy">revealed</a> to him the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a>, which is God's word.<sup id="cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasr_2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Fell ill and died in <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasr_2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to some Shi'as and fewer Sunnis, he was fatally poisoned instead, with the exact circumstances being disputed between them. <hr /> <p>Buried in <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasr_2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fatimah" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatimah">Fatimah bint Muhammad</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُحَمَّد عَلَيْهَا ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />ʾUmm ʾAbīhā<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أُمّ أَبِیهَا</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i>az-Zahrāʾ</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلزَّهْرَاء</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Luminous</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Chittick_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittick-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Sayyidat Nisā Ahl Al Jannahʾ</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">سَیِّدَة نساء اهل الجنة</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Chief of the Women of Heaven</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Klemm_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Klemm-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>al-Batūl</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْبَتُول</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Chaste</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>aṭ-Ṭāhirah</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلطَّاهِرَة</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Pure</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>aṣ-Ṣiddīqah</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلصِّدِّیقَة</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Honest</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>615 – 633 <sup id="cite_ref-Chittick_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittick-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>8 BH<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>– 11<sup id="cite_ref-Chitticka_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chitticka-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Makkah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-Fatima_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fatima-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Her father Muhammad called her "a part of me".<sup id="cite_ref-Chittick_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittick-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is also regarded as "the mother of the Imams".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>According to most Shias, Fatimah suffered a fatal injury while defending Ali against the first Sunni caliph.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <hr /> <p>The exact location of <a href="/wiki/Burial_place_of_Fatimah" class="mw-redirect" title="Burial place of Fatimah">her grave</a> is unknown but is believed to be in <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Klemm_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Klemm-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ali" title="Ali">Ali ibn Abi Talib</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عَلِيّ ٱبْن أَبِي طَالِب عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu al-Hasan<sup id="cite_ref-Rizvia_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizvia-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amir_al-Mu%27minin" title="Amir al-Mu'minin">ʾAmīr al-Muʾminīn</a></i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَمِير ٱلْمُؤْمِنِين</span></span>)<br />(<i>Commander of the Faithful</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_in_Britannica_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_in_Britannica-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>al-Murtaḍā</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْمُرْتَضَىٰ</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Beloved</i>)</li> <li><i>al-Waṣīy</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْوَصِيّ</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Successor</i>)</li> <li><i>al-Walīy</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْوَلِيّ</span></span>)<br />(<i>The <a href="/wiki/Wali" title="Wali">Wali</a></i>)</li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>600 – 661<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_in_Britannica_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_in_Britannica-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>22 or 16 BH – 40 AH <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Makkah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-Ali_in_Britannica_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_in_Britannica-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>For all <a href="/wiki/Shia" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia">Shia</a>, the son-in-law of Muhammad is the first Shia Imam<sup id="cite_ref-ʿALĪ_B._ABĪ_ṬĀLEB_Iranica_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ʿALĪ_B._ABĪ_ṬĀLEB_Iranica-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the rightful <a href="/wiki/Succession_to_Muhammad" title="Succession to Muhammad">successor to Muhammad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For <a href="/wiki/Sunni" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni">Sunnis</a>, he is the <a href="/wiki/Rashidun" title="Rashidun">fourth successor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chitticka_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chitticka-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He holds an important position in almost all <a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufi</a> <a href="/wiki/Tariqah" class="mw-redirect" title="Tariqah">orders</a>, which trace their lineage to Muhammad through him.<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_in_Britannica_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_in_Britannica-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Assassinated in <a href="/wiki/Kufa" title="Kufa">Kufa</a>, Iraq, by <a href="/wiki/Abd-al-Rahman_ibn_Muljam" class="mw-redirect" title="Abd-al-Rahman ibn Muljam">Abd-al-Rahman ibn Muljam</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Kharijite" class="mw-redirect" title="Kharijite">Kharijite</a> who slashed his head with a poisoned sword while he was praying.<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_in_Britannica_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_in_Britannica-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><hr />Buried in <a href="/wiki/Najaf" title="Najaf">Najaf</a>, Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-Chitticka_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chitticka-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hasan_ibn_Ali" title="Hasan ibn Ali">Hasan ibn Ali</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu Muhammad<sup id="cite_ref-Rizvia_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizvia-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو مُحَمَّد</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i>al-Mujtabā</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْمُجْتَبَىٰ</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Chosen</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Sibṭ an-Nabīy</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">سِبْط ٱلنَّبِيّ</span></span>)<br />(<i>Grandson of the Prophet</i>)</li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>625 – 670<sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>3 – 50<sup id="cite_ref-Chitticka_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chitticka-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>The eldest surviving grandson of Muhammad, through his mother, Fatimah, Hasan succeeded his father Ali as the caliph in Kufa; but after a seven-month reign he relinquished control of Iraq following a peace treaty with <a href="/wiki/Muawiya_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Muawiya I">Muawiya I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>He was poisoned fatally by his wife in Madinah by order of Caliph <a href="/wiki/Muawiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Muawiya">Muawiya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><hr /> Buried in <a href="/wiki/Jannat_al-Baqi" class="mw-redirect" title="Jannat al-Baqi">Jannat al-Baqi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali" title="Husayn ibn Ali">Husayn ibn Ali</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱبْن عَلِيّ عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu Abdillah<sup id="cite_ref-Rizvib_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizvib-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i>Sayyid ash-Shuhadāʾ</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">سَيِّد ٱلشُّهَدَاء</span></span>)<br />(<i>Master of the Martyrs</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Amir-Moezzi1994_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amir-Moezzi1994-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>al-Maẓlūm</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْمَظْلُوم</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Tyrannized</i>)</li> <li><i>Sibṭ an-Nabīy</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">سِبْط ٱلنَّبِيّ</span></span>)<br />(<i>Grandson of the Prophet</i>)</li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>626 – 680<sup id="cite_ref-Tabatabaei_1975_198_–_199_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabatabaei_1975_198_–_199-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>4 – 61<sup id="cite_ref-Chitticka_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chitticka-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Grandson of Muhammad and younger brother of Hasan, Husayn rejected the legitimacy of Caliph <a href="/wiki/Yazid_I" title="Yazid I">Yazid I</a>, the son of Muawiyah. As a result, he and his family were killed in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Karbala" title="Battle of Karbala">Battle of Karbala</a> by Yazid's forces.<sup id="cite_ref-Chitticka_20-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chitticka-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ever since the battle, the <a href="/wiki/Arba%27een" class="mw-redirect" title="Arba'een">commemoration of Husayn ibn Ali's martyrdom</a> has been at the core of Shia rituals and identity.<sup id="cite_ref-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Killed and beheaded at the Battle of Karbala.<sup id="cite_ref-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><hr /> Buried at the <a href="/wiki/Imam_Husayn_Shrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Imam Husayn Shrine">Imam Husayn Shrine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karbala" title="Karbala">Karbala</a>, Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica_36-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_Husayn" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali ibn Husayn">Ali ibn Husayn</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عَلِيّ ٱبْن ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱلسَّجَّاد عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu Muhammad<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو مُحَمَّد</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i>as-Sajjād</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلسَّجَّاد</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Consistently Prostrating</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">زَيْن ٱلْعَابِدِين</span></span>)<br />(<i>Ornament of the Worshippers</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica1_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica1-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>658/59<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 712<sup id="cite_ref-Tabatabae_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabatabae-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>38<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>– 95 <sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tabatabae_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabatabae-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>The author of the prayers in <a href="/wiki/Al-Sahifa_al-Sajjadiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya">Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ("The Scripture of Al-Sajjad", "The Psalm of <a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">the Household of the Prophet</a>").<sup id="cite_ref-Tabatabae_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabatabae-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>He was fatally poisoned by order of Caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Walid_I" title="Al-Walid I">al-Walid I</a> in Madinah.<sup id="cite_ref-Tabatabae_41-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabatabae-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><hr /> Buried in <a href="/wiki/Jannat_al-Baqi" class="mw-redirect" title="Jannat al-Baqi">Jannat al-Baqi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Baqir" title="Muhammad al-Baqir">Muhammad ibn Ali</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْبَاقِر عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu Ja'far<sup id="cite_ref-Rizvib_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizvib-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو جَعْفَر</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i>Bāqir al-ʿUlūm</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">بَاقِر ٱلْعُلُوم</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Opener of Knowledge</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica1_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>677 – 732<sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>57 – 114<sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Sunni and Shia sources consider Al-Baqir an early and pre-eminent <a href="/wiki/Faq%C4%ABh" title="Faqīh">legal scholar</a> who was revered for having educated many students.<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>He was fatally poisoned by Ibrahim ibn Walid ibn 'Abdallah in Madinah by order of Caliph <a href="/wiki/Hisham_ibn_Abd_al-Malik" title="Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik">Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik</a>. <hr />Buried in <a href="/wiki/Jannat_al-Baqi" class="mw-redirect" title="Jannat al-Baqi">Jannat al-Baqi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a><sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jafar_al-Sadiq" class="mw-redirect" title="Jafar al-Sadiq">Ja'far ibn Muhammad</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جَعْفَر ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلصَّادِق عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu Abdillah<sup id="cite_ref-Jafar_al-Sadiq_in_Iranica_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jafar_al-Sadiq_in_Iranica-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i>aṣ-Ṣādiq</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلصَّادِق</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Honest</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jafar_al-Sadiq_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jafar_al-Sadiq-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>702 – 765<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>83 – 148<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-t180_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-t180-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>As-Sadiq established the <a href="/wiki/Ja%27fari_jurisprudence" class="mw-redirect" title="Ja'fari jurisprudence">Ja'fari school of jurisprudence</a> and developed the <a href="/wiki/Twelver#Theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelver">theology of the Twelvers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He taught many scholars in different fields, including <a href="/wiki/Abu_Hanifah" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Hanifah">Abu Hanifah</a><sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anas" title="Malik ibn Anas">Malik ibn Anas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh">fiqh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wasil_ibn_Ata" title="Wasil ibn Ata">Wasil ibn Ata</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hisham_ibn_Hakam" class="mw-redirect" title="Hisham ibn Hakam">Hisham ibn Hakam</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kalam" title="Kalam">Islamic theology</a>, and <a href="/wiki/J%C4%81bir_ibn_Hayy%C4%81n" class="mw-redirect" title="Jābir ibn Hayyān">Geber</a> in science and alchemy.<sup id="cite_ref-t180_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-t180-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>He was fatally poisoned in Madinah by order of Caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Mansur" title="Al-Mansur">Al-Mansur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-t180_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-t180-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><hr /> Buried in <a href="/wiki/Jannat_al-Baqi" class="mw-redirect" title="Jannat al-Baqi">Jannat al-Baqi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a><sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Musa_al-Kazim" title="Musa al-Kazim">Musa ibn Ja'far</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مُوسَىٰ ٱبْن جَعْفَر ٱلْكَاظِم عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu al-Hasan I<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_al-Reza_in_Iranica1_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_al-Reza_in_Iranica1-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ali_al-Reza_in_Iranica_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_al-Reza_in_Iranica-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْأَوَّل</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i>al-Kāẓim</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْكَاظِم</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Confined</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Musa_al-Kazim_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Musa_al-Kazim-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>744 – 799<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>128 – 183<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-Musa_al-Kazim_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Musa_al-Kazim-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Al-Kazim was leader of the Shia community during the schism between the <a href="/wiki/Ismaili" class="mw-redirect" title="Ismaili">Ismaili</a> and other branches of Islam after the death of the previous Imam Jafar al-Sadiq.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He established a network of agents who collected the <a href="/wiki/Khums" title="Khums">khums</a> in the Shia community of the Middle East and the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Khorasan" title="Greater Khorasan">Greater Khorasan</a>. He holds a high position in the <a href="/wiki/Mahdavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahdavia">Mahdavia</a>, the members of which trace their lineage to Muhammad through him.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>He was imprisoned and fatally poisoned in <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>, Iraq, by order of Caliph <a href="/wiki/Harun_al-Rashid" title="Harun al-Rashid">Harun al-Rashid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <hr /> Buried in the <a href="/wiki/Kazimayn" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazimayn">Kazimayn shrine</a>, Baghdad, Iraq<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Musa_al-Kazim_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Musa_al-Kazim-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Rida" title="Ali al-Rida">Ali ibn Musa</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُوسَىٰ ٱلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu al-Hasan II<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_al-Reza_in_Iranica_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_al-Reza_in_Iranica-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i>ar-Riḍā</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلرِّضَا</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Pleasing</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Musa_al-Kazim_50-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Musa_al-Kazim-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ali_al-Reza_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_al-Reza-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>765 – 817<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>148 – 203<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickb_38-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>,<br /> <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Made crown prince by Caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Ma%27mun" title="Al-Ma'mun">Al-Ma'mun</a>, Ar-Rida was known for his discussions and debates with both Muslim and non-Muslim religious scholars.<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>He was fatally poisoned in <a href="/wiki/Mashad" class="mw-redirect" title="Mashad">Mashad</a>, Iran, by order of Caliph Al-Ma'mun.<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <hr /> Buried in the <a href="/wiki/Imam_Reza_shrine" title="Imam Reza shrine">Imam Reza shrine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mashad" class="mw-redirect" title="Mashad">Mashad</a>, Iran<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Taqi" title="Muhammad al-Taqi">Muhammad ibn Ali</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْجَوَّاد عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu Ja'far<sup id="cite_ref-Rizvib_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizvib-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو جَعْفَر</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i>al-Jawwād</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْجَوَّاد</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Generous</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi1_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Taqi1-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Taqi-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>at-Taqīy</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلتَّقِيّ</span></span>)<br />(<i>The God-Fearing</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Taqi-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>809<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 810 – 835<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>195 – 220<sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Taqi-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>,<br /> <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Taqi-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Al-Jawad was known for his generosity and piety in the face of persecution by the <a href="/wiki/Abbasid" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbasid">Abbasid caliphate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Qurashi_2005_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qurashi_2005-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>He was fatally poisoned by his wife, the daughter of Caliph Al-Ma'mun, in Baghdad, Iraq, by order of Caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Mu%27tasim" title="Al-Mu'tasim">Al-Mu'tasim</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Taqi-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><hr /> Buried in the <a href="/wiki/Kazmain" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazmain">Kazmain shrine</a>, Baghdad, Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Hadi" title="Ali al-Hadi">Ali ibn Muhammad</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلْهَادِي عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu al-Hasan III<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica1_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّالِث</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i>al-Hādī</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْهَادِي</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Guide</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>an-Naqīy</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلنَّقِيّ</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Pure</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>828 – 868 <sup id="cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>212 – 254<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr />Surayya, a village near <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Al-Naqi taught religious sciences until 243/857.<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He strengthened the network of deputies in the Shia community. He sent them instructions and in turn received financial contributions from the faithful, from the <a href="/wiki/Khums" title="Khums">khums</a> and religious vows.<sup id="cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>He was fatally poisoned in <a href="/wiki/Samarra" title="Samarra">Samarra</a>, Iraq, by order of caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Mu%27tazz" title="Al-Mu'tazz">Al-Mu'tazz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_al-Taqi-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <hr /> Buried in the <a href="/wiki/Al_Askari_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Askari Mosque">Al Askari Mosque</a>, Samarra, Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hasan_al-Askari" title="Hasan al-Askari">Hasan ibn Ali</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu al-Mahdi<sup id="cite_ref-Rizvic_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizvic-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو ٱلْمَهْدِيّ</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i>al-ʿAskarīy</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Garrison Town One</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-al-Askari_in_Iranica1_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al-Askari_in_Iranica1-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-al-Askari_in_Iranica_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al-Askari_in_Iranica-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>845/6 – 874<sup id="cite_ref-al-Askari_in_Iranica_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al-Askari_in_Iranica-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>231 – 260 <sup id="cite_ref-al-Askari_in_Iranica_65-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al-Askari_in_Iranica-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madinah</a>,<br /> <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hijaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-al-Askari_in_Iranica_65-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al-Askari_in_Iranica-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Like his father, Al-Askari was placed under house arrest, which would last most of his life, by the Abbasid Caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Mu%27tamid" title="Al-Mu'tamid">Al-Mu'tamid</a>, .<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, repression of the Shia communities was great because of their growing size and power.<sup id="cite_ref-Tabatabae_1979_209_–_210_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabatabae_1979_209_–_210-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>He was fatally poisoned by order of Caliph Al-Mu'tamid in Samarra, Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><hr /> Buried in the Al Askari Mosque, Samarra, Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hujjat-Allah_al-Mahdi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hujjat-Allah al-Mahdi">Mohammad ibn al-Hasan</a><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">حُجَّة ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْمَهْدِيّ عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام</span></span><hr />Abu al-Qasim<sup id="cite_ref-Amir-Moezzi1994_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amir-Moezzi1994-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أَبُو ٱلْقَاسِم</span></span> </td> <td> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">al-Mahdīy</a></i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْمَهْدِيّ</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Guided</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MAHDI_in_Iranica_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAHDI_in_Iranica-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>al-Qāʾim</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْقَائِم</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Riser</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Amir-Moezzi1994_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amir-Moezzi1994-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>al-Ghāʾib</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْغَائِب</span></span>)<br />(<i><a href="/wiki/The_Occultation" class="mw-redirect" title="The Occultation">The Hidden</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ḠAYBA_in_Iranica_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ḠAYBA_in_Iranica-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Sāhib az-Zamān</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">صَاحِب ٱلزَّمَان</span></span>)<br />(<i>The Authority of the Era</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Rizvic_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rizvic-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Baqīyat Allah</i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">بَقِيَّة ٱللَّٰه</span></span>)<br />(<i>Remainder of Allah's</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">al-Ḥujjah ʾĀl Muḥammad</a></i><br />(<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْحُجَّة آل مُحَمَّد</span></span>)<br />(<i>The <a href="/wiki/Hujjah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hujjah">Proof</a> of the House of Muhammad</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-al-Hujjah_in_Britannica_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al-Hujjah_in_Britannica-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td><div><ul><li>868 – Present<sup id="cite_ref-al-Hujjah_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al-Hujjah-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>255 or 256<sup id="cite_ref-Chittickc_56-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – Present<sup id="cite_ref-al-Hujjah_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al-Hujjah-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Samarra" title="Samarra">Samarra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>According to Twelver Shia doctrine, he is the current Imam and the promised <a href="/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a>, a messianic figure who will return with the prophet <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">Isa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>). He will reestablish the rightful governance of Islam and establish justice and peace in the earth.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>According to Twelver Shia doctrine, he has been living in the <a href="/wiki/The_Occultation" class="mw-redirect" title="The Occultation">Occultation</a> since 872, and will continue as long as God wills.<sup id="cite_ref-al-Hujjah_74-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al-Hujjah-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Fourteen_Infallibles&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghadir_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ghadir_logo.png/28px-Ghadir_logo.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ghadir_logo.png/42px-Ghadir_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ghadir_logo.png/56px-Ghadir_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Shia_Islam" title="Portal:Shia Islam">Shia Islam portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelvers" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelvers">Twelvers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">Ahl al-Bayt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Kisa" title="Ahl al-Kisa">Ahl al-Kisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Imams" title="Twelve Imams">Twelve Imams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamate_in_Twelver_doctrine" title="Imamate in Twelver doctrine">Imamat doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismah" title="Ismah">Ismah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Twelver_Shia_Islam#Infallibility_of_Imams" title="Criticism of Twelver Shia Islam">Criticism of Twelver Shia Islam#Infallibility of Imams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salawat" title="Salawat">Salawat</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Fourteen_Infallibles&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The abbreviation CE refers to the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> <a href="/wiki/Solar_calendar" title="Solar calendar">solar calendar</a>, while AH refers to the Islamic <a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Hijri</a> <a href="/wiki/Lunar_calendar" title="Lunar calendar">lunar calendar</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Except the Twelfth Imam</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Fourteen_Infallibles&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDabashi2006">Dabashi 2006</a>, p. 463</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCorbin1993">Corbin 1993</a>, p. 48</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNasrDabashiNasr1989">Nasr, Dabashi & Nasr 1989</a>, p. 98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDonaldson1933">Donaldson 1933</a>, p. 326</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnsariyan2007">Ansariyan 2007</a>, p. 89</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-harvnb|Algar|1990-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-harvnb|Algar|1990_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlgar1990">Algar 1990</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nasr_2006-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasr_2006_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNasr2006">Nasr 2006</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMir1987">Mir 1987</a>, p. 171</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, p. 131</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, p. 134</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalbridge2001">Walbridge 2001</a>, p. 103</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chittick-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chittick_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittick_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittick_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChittick1980">Chittick 1980</a>, p. 136</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Klemm-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Klemm_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Klemm_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKlemm2014">Klemm 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOrdoni2009">Ordoni 2009</a>, p. 94</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOrdoni2009">Ordoni 2009</a>, p. 70</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOrdoni2009">Ordoni 2009</a>, p. 56</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQurashī2007">Qurashī 2007</a>, p. 38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chitticka-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chitticka_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chitticka_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chitticka_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chitticka_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chitticka_20-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chitticka_20-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChittick1980">Chittick 1980</a>, p. 137</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fatima-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fatima_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDungersi1994">Dungersi 1994</a>, p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHughes2013">Hughes 2013</a>, p. 258</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRayshahri2008">Rayshahri 2008</a>, p. 68</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLammens2012">Lammens 2012</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rizvia-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rizvia_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rizvia_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRizvi1988">Rizvi 1988</a>, p. 48</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ali_in_Britannica-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_in_Britannica_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_in_Britannica_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_in_Britannica_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_in_Britannica_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_in_Britannica_26-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNasr" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Seyyed_Hossein_Nasr" title="Seyyed Hossein Nasr">Nasr, Seyyed Hossein</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9005712/Ali">"Ali"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071018014146/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9005712/Ali">Archived</a> from the original on 2007-10-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ali&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Seyyed+Hossein&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9005712%2FAli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAhmed2005">Ahmed 2005</a>, p. 234</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ʿALĪ_B._ABĪ_ṬĀLEB_Iranica-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ʿALĪ_B._ABĪ_ṬĀLEB_Iranica_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPoonawala1985">Poonawala 1985</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMashita2002">Mashita 2002</a>, p. 69</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCorbin1993">Corbin 1993</a>, p. 50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hasan_ibn_Ali_Iranica_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMadelung2003">Madelung 2003</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, p. 173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rizvib-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rizvib_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rizvib_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rizvib_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRizvi1988">Rizvi 1988</a>, p. 49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Amir-Moezzi1994-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Amir-Moezzi1994_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Amir-Moezzi1994_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Amir-Moezzi1994_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAmir-Moezzi1994">Amir-Moezzi 1994</a>, p. 174</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tabatabaei_1975_198_–_199-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tabatabaei_1975_198_–_199_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, pp. 198–199</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Husayn_ibn_Ali_Iranica_36-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMadelung2004">Madelung 2004</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQurashī2007">Qurashī 2007</a>, p. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chittickb-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickb_38-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChittick1980">Chittick 1980</a>, p. 138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica1-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica1_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMadelung1985">Madelung 1985</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica_40-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_ibn_Husayn_in_Iranica_40-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wilferd_Madelung" title="Wilferd Madelung">Madelung, Wilferd</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-b-hosayn-b-ali">"ʿALĪ B. ḤOSAYN B. ʿALĪ B. ABĪ ṬĀLEB, ZAYN-AL-ʿĀBEDĪN"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170805150237/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-b-hosayn-b-ali">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-08-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CA%BFAL%C4%AA+B.+%E1%B8%A4OSAYN+B.+%CA%BFAL%C4%AA+B.+AB%C4%AA+%E1%B9%AC%C4%80LEB%2C+ZAYN-AL-%CA%BF%C4%80BED%C4%AAN&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fali-b-hosayn-b-ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tabatabae-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tabatabae_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tabatabae_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tabatabae_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tabatabae_41-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, pp. 178–179</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica_42-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wilferd_Madelung" title="Wilferd Madelung">Madelung, Wilferd</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/baqer-abu-jafar-mohammad">"BĀQER, ABŪ JAʿFAR MOḤAMMAD"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110429171737/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/baqer-abu-jafar-mohammad">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-04-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=B%C4%80QER%2C+AB%C5%AA+JA%CA%BFFAR+MO%E1%B8%A4AMMAD&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fbaqer-abu-jafar-mohammad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica1-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Baqir_in_Iranica1_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMadelung1988">Madelung 1988</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jafar_al-Sadiq_in_Iranica-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jafar_al-Sadiq_in_Iranica_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/jafar-al-sadeq">"Jaʿfar A-Ṣādeq"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>. 5 April 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181020011502/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/jafar-al-sadeq">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-10-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ja%CA%BFfar+A-%E1%B9%A2%C4%81deq&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.date=2012-04-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fjafar-al-sadeq&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, p. 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jafar_al-Sadiq-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jafar_al-Sadiq_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tabatabae (1979), p.203–204</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-t180-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-t180_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-t180_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-t180_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, p. 180</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ali_al-Reza_in_Iranica1-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ali_al-Reza_in_Iranica1_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMadelung1985b">Madelung 1985b</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ali_al-Reza_in_Iranica-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_al-Reza_in_Iranica_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_al-Reza_in_Iranica_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wilferd_Madelung" title="Wilferd Madelung">Madelung, Wilferd</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-al-reza">"ʿALĪ AL-REŻĀ"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120921034922/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-al-reza">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-09-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CA%BFAL%C4%AA+AL-RE%C5%BB%C4%80&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fali-al-reza&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Musa_al-Kazim-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Musa_al-Kazim_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Musa_al-Kazim_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Musa_al-Kazim_50-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Musa_al-Kazim_50-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, p. 181</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, p. 68</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSachedina1988">Sachedina 1988</a>, pp. 53–54</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAmir-Moezzi2011">Amir-Moezzi 2011</a>, p. 207</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ali_al-Reza-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ali_al-Reza_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tabatabae (1979), pp.205–207</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, pp. 182–183</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chittickc-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chittickc_56-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChittick1980">Chittick 1980</a>, p. 139</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Muhammad_al-Taqi1-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi1_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, p. 183</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Muhammad_al-Taqi-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Muhammad_al-Taqi_58-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tabatabae (1979), p. 207</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Qurashi_2005-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Qurashi_2005_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQurashī2005">Qurashī 2005</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica1-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica1_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMadelung1985a">Madelung 1985a</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDungersi2005">Dungersi 2005</a>, p. 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ali_al-Hadi_in_Iranica_62-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wilferd_Madelung" title="Wilferd Madelung">Madelung, Wilferd</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-al-hadi-abul-hasan-b">"ʿALĪ AL-HĀDĪ"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117000459/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-al-hadi-abul-hasan-b">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-11-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CA%BFAL%C4%AA+AL-H%C4%80D%C4%AA&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fali-al-hadi-abul-hasan-b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rizvic-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rizvic_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rizvic_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRizvi1988">Rizvi 1988</a>, p. 50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-al-Askari_in_Iranica1-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-al-Askari_in_Iranica1_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHalm1987">Halm 1987</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-al-Askari_in_Iranica-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-al-Askari_in_Iranica_65-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-al-Askari_in_Iranica_65-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-al-Askari_in_Iranica_65-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-al-Askari_in_Iranica_65-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalm" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Halm, H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/askari-abu-mohammad-hasan-b">"ʿASKARĪ"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110429165812/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/askari-abu-mohammad-hasan-b">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-04-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CA%BFASKAR%C4%AA&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.aulast=Halm&rft.aufirst=H&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Faskari-abu-mohammad-hasan-b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDungersi2005">Dungersi 2005</a>, p. 188</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tabatabae_1979_209_–_210-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tabatabae_1979_209_–_210_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, p. 184</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDungersi2005">Dungersi 2005</a>, p. 196</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAmir-Moezzi2007">Amir-Moezzi 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MAHDI_in_Iranica-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MAHDI_in_Iranica_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/islam-in-iran-vii-the-concept-of-mahdi-in-twelver-shiism">"THE CONCEPT OF MAHDI IN TWELVER SHIʿISM"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110429160008/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/islam-in-iran-vii-the-concept-of-mahdi-in-twelver-shiism">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-04-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-07-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=THE+CONCEPT+OF+MAHDI+IN+TWELVER+SHI%CA%BFISM&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fislam-in-iran-vii-the-concept-of-mahdi-in-twelver-shiism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAmir-Moezzi1994">Amir-Moezzi 1994</a>, p. 115</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ḠAYBA_in_Iranica-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ḠAYBA_in_Iranica_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/gayba">"ḠAYBA"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140809065845/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/gayba">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-08-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-07-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E1%B8%A0AYBA&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fgayba&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-al-Hujjah_in_Britannica-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-al-Hujjah_in_Britannica_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9054165/Muhammad-al-Mahdi-al-Hujjah">"Muhammad al-Mahdi al-Hujjah"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071017223131/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9054165/Muhammad-al-Mahdi-al-Hujjah">Archived</a> from the original on 2007-10-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Muhammad+al-Mahdi+al-Hujjah&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9054165%2FMuhammad-al-Mahdi-al-Hujjah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-al-Hujjah-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-al-Hujjah_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-al-Hujjah_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-al-Hujjah_74-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, p. 186</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1975">Tabatabaei 1975</a>, p. 185</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabatabaei1979">Tabatabaei 1979</a>, pp. 211–214</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Fourteen_Infallibles&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Encyclopedias</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmed2005" class="citation book cs1">Ahmed, M. Mukarram (2005). <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i>. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-261-2339-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-261-2339-1"><bdi>978-81-261-2339-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.pub=Anmol+Publications+Pvt.+Ltd.&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-81-261-2339-1&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=M.+Mukarram&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlgar1990" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hamid_Algar" title="Hamid Algar">Algar, Hamid</a> (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/cahardah-masum">"Chahardah M'asum"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chahardah+M%27asum&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Algar&rft.aufirst=Hamid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fcahardah-masum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmir-Moezzi2007" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/islam-in-iran-vii-the-concept-of-mahdi-in-twelver-shiism">"Islam in Iran-vii. The Concept of Mahdi in Twelver Shi'ism"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islam+in+Iran-vii.+The+Concept+of+Mahdi+in+Twelver+Shi%27ism&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Amir-Moezzi&rft.aufirst=Mohammad+Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fislam-in-iran-vii-the-concept-of-mahdi-in-twelver-shiism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalm1987" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Halm, H (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/askari-abu-mohammad-hasan-b">"ʿAskari"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CA%BFAskari&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Halm&rft.aufirst=H&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Faskari-abu-mohammad-hasan-b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlemm2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Klemm (2014). "Fāṭima bt. Muḥammad". <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam 3</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=F%C4%81%E1%B9%ADima+bt.+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam+3&rft.date=2014&rft.au=Klemm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLammens2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Lammens (2012). "Fatima". <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i>. Brill Online. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-08265-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-08265-6"><bdi>978-90-04-08265-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fatima&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.pub=Brill+Online&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-90-04-08265-6&rft.au=Lammens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung1985" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wilferd_Madelung" title="Wilferd Madelung">Madelung, Wilferd</a> (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-b-hosayn-b-ali">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Ali b. Al-Hosayn"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%27Ali+b.+Al-Hosayn&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fali-b-hosayn-b-ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung1985a" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Madelung, Wilferd (1985a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-al-hadi-abul-hasan-b">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Ali Al-Hadi"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%27Ali+Al-Hadi&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fali-al-hadi-abul-hasan-b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung1985b" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Madelung, Wilferd (1985b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-al-reza">"ʿAli Al-Reza"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CA%BFAli+Al-Reza&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fali-al-reza&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung1988" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Madelung, Wilferd (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/baqer-abu-jafar-mohammad">"Baqer, Abu Ja'far Mohammad"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Baqer%2C+Abu+Ja%27far+Mohammad&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fbaqer-abu-jafar-mohammad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung2003" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Madelung, Wilferd (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/hasan-b-ali">"Hasan ibn Ali"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hasan+ibn+Ali&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fhasan-b-ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Madelung, Wilferd (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/hosayn-b-ali-i">"Ḥosayn B.ʿAli. Life and Significance in Shi'ism"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E1%B8%A4osayn+B.%CA%BFAli.+Life+and+Significance+in+Shi%27ism&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fhosayn-b-ali-i&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMattar2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Mattar, Philip (2004). <i>Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa</i>. Macmillan Reference USA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-02-865772-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-02-865772-1"><bdi>978-0-02-865772-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Modern+Middle+East+and+North+Africa&rft.pub=Macmillan+Reference+USA&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-02-865772-1&rft.aulast=Mattar&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNasr2006" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Seyyed_Hossein_Nasr" title="Seyyed Hossein Nasr">Nasr, Seyyed Hossein</a> (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9105853/Muhammad">"Muhammad"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</i>. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Muhammad&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Seyyed+Hossein&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9105853%2FMuhammad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNasr2007" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9005712/Ali">"Ali"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ali&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Seyyed+Hossein&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9005712%2FAli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoonawala1985" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Poonawala, I. K. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-b-abi-taleb">"ʿAli B. Abi Ṭaleb"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-07-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CA%BFAli+B.+Abi+%E1%B9%ACaleb&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Poonawala&rft.aufirst=I.+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fali-b-abi-taleb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <dl><dt>Books</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmir-Moezzi1994" class="citation book cs1">Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4g6Od9f1rFAC&pg=PA115"><i>The Divine Guide in Early Shi'ism: The Sources of Esotericism in Islam</i></a>. SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-2122-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-2122-2"><bdi>978-0-7914-2122-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Divine+Guide+in+Early+Shi%27ism%3A+The+Sources+of+Esotericism+in+Islam&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-2122-2&rft.aulast=Amir-Moezzi&rft.aufirst=Mohammad+Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4g6Od9f1rFAC%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmir-Moezzi2011" class="citation book cs1">Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZadmgNbs91sC&pg=PA206"><i>The Spirituality of Shi'i Islam: Belief and Practices</i></a>. I. B. Tauris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-738-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-738-2"><bdi>978-1-84511-738-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spirituality+of+Shi%27i+Islam%3A+Belief+and+Practices&rft.pub=I.+B.+Tauris&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-738-2&rft.aulast=Amir-Moezzi&rft.aufirst=Mohammad+Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZadmgNbs91sC%26pg%3DPA206&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnsariyan2007" class="citation book cs1">Ansariyan, Hussein (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006183739/http://www.maaref-foundation.com/english/library/pro_ahl/general/ahl_al-bayt/"><i>Ahl Al-Bayt The Celestial Beings on the Earth</i></a>. Ansariyan Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-964-438-873-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-964-438-873-6"><bdi>978-964-438-873-6</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maaref-foundation.com/english/library/pro_ahl/general/ahl_al-bayt/">the original</a> on October 6, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ahl+Al-Bayt+The+Celestial+Beings+on+the+Earth&rft.pub=Ansariyan+Publications&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-964-438-873-6&rft.aulast=Ansariyan&rft.aufirst=Hussein&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maaref-foundation.com%2Fenglish%2Flibrary%2Fpro_ahl%2Fgeneral%2Fahl_al-bayt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChittick1980" class="citation book cs1">Chittick, William C. (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rMnFZOHkurcC&pg=PA138"><i>A Shi'ite Anthology</i></a>. SUNY Press. pp. 136–140. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87395-510-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87395-510-2"><bdi>978-0-87395-510-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Shi%27ite+Anthology&rft.pages=136-140&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-87395-510-2&rft.aulast=Chittick&rft.aufirst=William+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrMnFZOHkurcC%26pg%3DPA138&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorbin1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Corbin" title="Henry Corbin">Corbin, Henry</a> (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l9bgAwAAQBAJ"><i>History of Islamic Philosophy</i></a>. Kegan Paul International in association with Islamic Publications for The Institute of Ismaili Studies. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7103-0416-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7103-0416-2"><bdi>978-0-7103-0416-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Islamic+Philosophy&rft.pub=Kegan+Paul+International+in+association+with+Islamic+Publications+for+The+Institute+of+Ismaili+Studies&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-7103-0416-2&rft.aulast=Corbin&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl9bgAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDabashi2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hamid_Dabashi" title="Hamid Dabashi">Dabashi, Hamid</a> (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sTFdNNQP4ewC"><i>Theology of Discontent: The Ideological Foundation of the Islamic Revolution in Iran</i></a>. Transaction Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4128-0516-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-4128-0516-3"><bdi>1-4128-0516-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theology+of+Discontent%3A+The+Ideological+Foundation+of+the+Islamic+Revolution+in+Iran&rft.pub=Transaction+Publishers&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-4128-0516-3&rft.aulast=Dabashi&rft.aufirst=Hamid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsTFdNNQP4ewC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonaldson1933" class="citation book cs1">Donaldson, Dwight M. (1933). <i>The Shi'ite Religion: A History of Islam in Persia and Irak</i>. Burleigh Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-404-18959-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-404-18959-4"><bdi>978-0-404-18959-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Shi%27ite+Religion%3A+A+History+of+Islam+in+Persia+and+Irak&rft.pub=Burleigh+Press&rft.date=1933&rft.isbn=978-0-404-18959-4&rft.aulast=Donaldson&rft.aufirst=Dwight+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDungersi1994" class="citation book cs1">Dungersi, Mohammed Raza (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6dJSAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1"><i>A Brief Biography of Hazrat Fatima (s.a.)</i></a>. Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/66915718">66915718</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+Biography+of+Hazrat+Fatima+%28s.a.%29&rft.pub=Bilal+Muslim+Mission+of+Tanzania&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F66915718&rft.aulast=Dungersi&rft.aufirst=Mohammed+Raza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6dJSAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDungersi2005" class="citation book cs1">Dungersi, Mohammed Raza (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150220041813/http://maaref-foundation.com/english/index.htm"><i>A Brief Biography of Imam Hasan al-Askari</i></a>. Ansariyan Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-964-438-689-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-964-438-689-3"><bdi>978-964-438-689-3</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maaref-foundation.com/english/index.htm">the original</a> on February 20, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+Biography+of+Imam+Hasan+al-Askari&rft.pub=Ansariyan+Publications&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-964-438-689-3&rft.aulast=Dungersi&rft.aufirst=Mohammed+Raza&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maaref-foundation.com%2Fenglish%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHughes2013" class="citation book cs1">Hughes, Aaron (23 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZmGrAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA258"><i>Muslim Identities: An Introduction to Islam</i></a>. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-16147-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-16147-3"><bdi>978-0-231-16147-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+Identities%3A+An+Introduction+to+Islam&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2013-04-23&rft.isbn=978-0-231-16147-3&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZmGrAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA258&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMashita2002" class="citation book cs1">Mashita (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ItWsAgAAQBAJ"><i>Theology, ethics and metaphysics</i></a>. Hiroyuki. Routledge Curzon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7007-1670-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7007-1670-8"><bdi>978-0-7007-1670-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theology%2C+ethics+and+metaphysics&rft.pub=Routledge+Curzon&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-7007-1670-8&rft.au=Mashita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DItWsAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMir1987" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Mir, Mustansir (1987). "Seal of the Prophets, The". <i>Dictionary of Qur’ānic Terms and Concepts</i>. Garland Publishing.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Seal+of+the+Prophets%2C+The&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Qur%E2%80%99%C4%81nic+Terms+and+Concepts&rft.pub=Garland+Publishing&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Mir&rft.aufirst=Mustansir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNasrDabashiNasr1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hossein_Nasr" class="mw-redirect" title="Hossein Nasr">Nasr, Seyyed Hossein</a>; <a href="/wiki/Hamid_Dabashi" title="Hamid Dabashi">Dabashi, Hamid</a>; <a href="/wiki/Vali_Nasr" title="Vali Nasr">Nasr, Seyyed Vali Reza</a> (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=btmNZgztDrAC"><i>Expectation of the Millennium: Shi'ism in History</i></a>. SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88706-843-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88706-843-0"><bdi>978-0-88706-843-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Expectation+of+the+Millennium%3A+Shi%27ism+in+History&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-88706-843-0&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Seyyed+Hossein&rft.au=Dabashi%2C+Hamid&rft.au=Nasr%2C+Seyyed+Vali+Reza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbtmNZgztDrAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNasr2013" class="citation book cs1">Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ncz9AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA61"><i>Islamic Spirituality: Foundations</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-53895-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-53895-9"><bdi>978-1-134-53895-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamic+Spirituality%3A+Foundations&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-134-53895-9&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Seyyed+Hossein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNcz9AQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA61&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrdoni2009" class="citation book cs1">Ordoni, Abu Muhammad (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maaref-foundation.com/english/library/pro_ahl/fatima/fatima_the_gracious/index.htm"><i>Fatima (Sa) the Gracious</i></a>. Ansariyan Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-964-438-618-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-964-438-618-3"><bdi>978-964-438-618-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fatima+%28Sa%29+the+Gracious&rft.pub=Ansariyan+Publications&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-964-438-618-3&rft.aulast=Ordoni&rft.aufirst=Abu+Muhammad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maaref-foundation.com%2Fenglish%2Flibrary%2Fpro_ahl%2Ffatima%2Ffatima_the_gracious%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQurashī2007" class="citation book cs1">Qurashī, Bāqir Sharīf (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140816062439/http://www.maaref-foundation.com/english/library/pro_ahl/imam04_sajjad/zayn_al_abidin/index.htm"><i>The life of Imām Zayn al 'Abidin (A.S.)</i></a>. Ansariyan Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9644381652" title="Special:BookSources/978-9644381652"><bdi>978-9644381652</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maaref-foundation.com/english/library/pro_ahl/imam04_sajjad/zayn_al_abidin/index.htm">the original</a> on August 16, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+life+of+Im%C4%81m+Zayn+al+%27Abidin+%28A.S.%29&rft.pub=Ansariyan+Publications&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-9644381652&rft.aulast=Qurash%C4%AB&rft.aufirst=B%C4%81qir+Shar%C4%ABf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaaref-foundation.com%2Fenglish%2Flibrary%2Fpro_ahl%2Fimam04_sajjad%2Fzayn_al_abidin%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQurashī2005" class="citation book cs1">Qurashī, Bāqir Sharīf (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140713121545/http://www.maaref-foundation.com/english/library/pro_ahl/imam09_jawad/the_life_of_imam_jawad/index.htm"><i>The Life of Imam Muhammad Al-Jawad</i></a>. Ansariyan Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-964-438-653-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-964-438-653-4"><bdi>978-964-438-653-4</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maaref-foundation.com/english/library/pro_ahl/imam09_jawad/the_life_of_imam_jawad/index.htm">the original</a> on July 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+of+Imam+Muhammad+Al-Jawad&rft.pub=Ansariyan+Publications&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-964-438-653-4&rft.aulast=Qurash%C4%AB&rft.aufirst=B%C4%81qir+Shar%C4%ABf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaaref-foundation.com%2Fenglish%2Flibrary%2Fpro_ahl%2Fimam09_jawad%2Fthe_life_of_imam_jawad%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRayshahri2008" class="citation book cs1">Rayshahri, M. Muhammadi (12 January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pfcCps0I8MUC&pg=PA68"><i>The scale of wisdom: a compendium of Shi'a Hadith</i></a>. ICAS Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-904063-34-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-904063-34-6"><bdi>978-1-904063-34-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+scale+of+wisdom%3A+a+compendium+of+Shi%27a+Hadith&rft.pub=ICAS+Press&rft.date=2008-01-12&rft.isbn=978-1-904063-34-6&rft.aulast=Rayshahri&rft.aufirst=M.+Muhammadi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpfcCps0I8MUC%26pg%3DPA68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRizvi1988" class="citation book cs1">Rizvi, Sayyid Saeed Akhtar (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0f2qAgAAQBAJ&pg=PP2"><i>Imamate: The vicegerency of the Holy Prophet</i></a>. Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9976-956-13-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-9976-956-13-9"><bdi>978-9976-956-13-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Imamate%3A+The+vicegerency+of+the+Holy+Prophet&rft.pub=Bilal+Muslim+Mission+of+Tanzania&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-9976-956-13-9&rft.aulast=Rizvi&rft.aufirst=Sayyid+Saeed+Akhtar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0f2qAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPP2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSachedina1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Abdulaziz_Sachedina" title="Abdulaziz Sachedina">Sachedina, Abdulaziz Abdulhussein</a> (1988). <i>The Just Ruler (al-sultān Al-ʻādil) in Shīʻite Islam: The Comprehensive Authority of the Jurist in Imamite Jurisprudence</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-511915-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-511915-0"><bdi>0-19-511915-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Just+Ruler+%28al-sult%C4%81n+Al-%CA%BB%C4%81dil%29+in+Sh%C4%AB%CA%BBite+Islam%3A+The+Comprehensive+Authority+of+the+Jurist+in+Imamite+Jurisprudence&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-19-511915-0&rft.aulast=Sachedina&rft.aufirst=Abdulaziz+Abdulhussein&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTabatabaei1975" class="citation book cs1">Tabatabaei, Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Be5DeNM8d1EC&pg=PA258"><i>Shi'ite Islam</i></a>. Translated by <a href="/wiki/Seyyed_Hossein_Nasr" title="Seyyed Hossein Nasr">Sayyid Hossein Nasr</a>. SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87395-390-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87395-390-0"><bdi>978-0-87395-390-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shi%27ite+Islam&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-87395-390-0&rft.aulast=Tabatabaei&rft.aufirst=Sayyid+Mohammad+Hosayn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBe5DeNM8d1EC%26pg%3DPA258&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTabatabaei1979" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Allameh_Tabatabaei" class="mw-redirect" title="Allameh Tabatabaei">Tabatabaei, Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn</a> (1979). <i>Shi'ite Islam</i>. Translated by <a href="/wiki/Seyyed_Hossein_Nasr" title="Seyyed Hossein Nasr">Seyyed Hossein Nasr</a>. SUNY press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87395-272-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87395-272-9"><bdi>978-0-87395-272-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shi%27ite+Islam&rft.pub=SUNY+press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-87395-272-9&rft.aulast=Tabatabaei&rft.aufirst=Sayyid+Mohammad+Hosayn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalbridge2001" class="citation book cs1">Walbridge, Linda S. (6 August 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_FVf4V4aXWgC&pg=PA103"><i>The Most Learned of the Shi'a: The Institution of the Marja' Taqlid</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-534393-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-534393-9"><bdi>978-0-19-534393-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Most+Learned+of+the+Shi%27a%3A+The+Institution+of+the+Marja%27+Taqlid&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001-08-06&rft.isbn=978-0-19-534393-9&rft.aulast=Walbridge&rft.aufirst=Linda+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_FVf4V4aXWgC%26pg%3DPA103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Fourteen+Infallibles" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Fourteen_Infallibles&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061206200206/http://www.al-islam.org/masoom/bios/table.html">A Chronological List of the Fourteen Infallibles</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wofis.com/asset/Books/001.pdf">A Brief History of the Fourteen Infallibles</a> by WOFIS World Organization for Islamic Services Tehran -Iran</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alimamali.com/html/eng/books/mokhtasar/">The Brief History of the Fourteen Infallibles</a> by Mohammad Hussein il’adeeb</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Religious_family_trees" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Religious_family_trees" title="Template:Religious family trees"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Religious_family_trees" title="Template talk:Religious family trees"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Religious_family_trees" 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href="/wiki/Genealogies_of_Genesis" title="Genealogies of Genesis">Book of Genesis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Generations_of_Noah" title="Generations of Noah">Descendants of Noah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham%27s_family_tree" title="Abraham's family tree">Abraham's family tree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individual<br />genealogies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Adam_&amp;_Eve" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adam#Family_tree" title="Adam">Adam</a> & <a href="/wiki/Eve#Family_tree" title="Eve">Eve</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cain#Family_tree" title="Cain">Cain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel#Family_tree" title="Abel">Abel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth#Family_tree" title="Seth">Seth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cain#Family_tree" title="Cain">Cain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Descendants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_(son_of_Cain)#Family_tree" title="Enoch (son of Cain)">Enoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamech_(descendant_of_Cain)#Family_tree" title="Lamech (descendant of Cain)">Lamech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabal_(Bible)#Family_tree" title="Jabal (Bible)">Jabal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubal_(Bible)#Family_tree" title="Jubal (Bible)">Jubal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubal-cain#Family_tree" title="Tubal-cain">Tubal-cain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naamah_(Genesis)#Family_tree" title="Naamah (Genesis)">Naamah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Seth#Family_tree" title="Seth">Seth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Descendants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enos_(biblical_figure)#Family_tree" title="Enos (biblical figure)">Enos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenan#Family_tree" title="Kenan">Kenan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahalalel#Family_tree" title="Mahalalel">Mahalalel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_(biblical_figure)#Family_tree" title="Jared (biblical figure)">Jared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_(ancestor_of_Noah)#Family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Enoch (ancestor of Noah)">Enoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methuselah#Family_tree" title="Methuselah">Methuselah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamech_(father_of_Noah)#Family_tree" title="Lamech (father of Noah)">Lamech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah#Family_tree" title="Noah">Noah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shem#Family_tree" title="Shem">Shem</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Genealogy_shem.gif" title="File:Genealogy shem.gif">image</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ham_(son_of_Noah)#Family_tree" title="Ham (son of Noah)">Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japheth#Family_tree" title="Japheth">Japheth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Terah#Family_tree" title="Terah">Terah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nahor,_son_of_Serug#Family_tree" title="Nahor, son of Serug">Nahor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham%27s_family_tree" title="Abraham's family tree">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah#Family_tree" title="Sarah">Sarah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahor,_son_of_Terah#Family_tree" title="Nahor, son of Terah">Nahor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haran#Family_tree" title="Haran">Haran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Haran#Family_tree" title="Haran">Haran</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lot_(biblical_person)#Family_tree" title="Lot (biblical person)">Lot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iscah#Family_tree" title="Iscah">Iscah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milcah#Family_tree" title="Milcah">Milcah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jacob#Family_tree" title="Jacob">Jacob</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isaac#Family_tree" title="Isaac">Isaac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca#Family_tree" title="Rebecca">Rebecca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Siblings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esau#Family_tree" title="Esau">Esau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leah#Family_tree" title="Leah">Leah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel#Family_tree" title="Rachel">Rachel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reuben_(son_of_Jacob)#Family_tree" title="Reuben (son of Jacob)">Reuben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_(son_of_Jacob)#Family_tree" title="Simeon (son of Jacob)">Simeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi#Family_tree" title="Levi">Levi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judah_(son_of_Jacob)#Family_tree" title="Judah (son of Jacob)">Judah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Issachar#Family_tree" title="Issachar">Issachar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebulun#Family_tree" title="Zebulun">Zebulun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinah#Family_tree" title="Dinah">Dinah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gad_(son_of_Jacob)#Family_tree" title="Gad (son of Jacob)">Gad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asher#Family_tree" title="Asher">Asher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_(son_of_Jacob)#Family_tree" title="Dan (son of Jacob)">Dan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naphtali#Family_tree" title="Naphtali">Naphtali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_(Genesis)#Family_tree" title="Joseph (Genesis)">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin#Family_tree" title="Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Levi#Family_tree" title="Levi">Levi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Descendants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gershon#Family_tree" title="Gershon">Gershon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohath#Family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohath">Kohath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochebed#Family_tree" title="Jochebed">Jochebed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amram#Family_tree" title="Amram">Amram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kehath#Family_tree" title="Kehath">Kehath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimei#Family_tree" title="Shimei">Shimei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam#Family_tree" title="Miriam">Miriam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron#Family_tree" title="Aaron">Aaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses#Family_tree" title="Moses">Moses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Moses#Family_tree" title="Moses">Moses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amram#Family_tree" title="Amram">Amram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochebed#Family_tree" title="Jochebed">Jochebed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wife</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zipporah#Family_tree" title="Zipporah">Zipporah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bethuel#Family_tree" title="Bethuel">Bethuel</a> <ul><li>son: <a href="/wiki/Laban_(Bible)#Family_tree" title="Laban (Bible)">Laban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishmael#Family_tree" title="Ishmael">Ishmael</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ruth" title="Book of Ruth">Book of Ruth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ruth#Family_tree" title="Book of Ruth">Naomi to David</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books of Kings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Israel_and_Judah" title="Kings of Israel and Judah">Kings of Israel and Judah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Testament</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genealogy_of_Jesus" title="Genealogy of Jesus">Genealogy of Jesus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islamic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Before <a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Ibrahim</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam_and_Eve_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Adam and Eve in Islam">Adam and Hawwa</a></li> <li>Family of <a href="/wiki/Noah_in_Islam" title="Noah in Islam">Nuh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Ibrahim</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham%27s_family_tree#Quranic_narrative" title="Abraham's family tree">Family tree of Ibrahim</a> (<a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Ibrahim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hagar_in_Islam" title="Hagar in Islam">Hajar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sarah_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarah in Islam">Sarah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ishmael_in_Islam" title="Ishmael in Islam">Ismail</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isaac_in_Islam" title="Isaac in Islam">Ishaq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacob_in_Islam" title="Jacob in Islam">Ya'qub</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Moses_in_Islam" title="Moses in Islam">Musa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aaron_in_Islam" title="Aaron in Islam">Harun</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amram#Family_tree" title="Amram">Amram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochebed#Islamic_view" title="Jochebed">Yuqabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asiya" title="Asiya">Asiya</a> (adoptive mother of Musa)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Siblings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miriam" title="Miriam">Miriam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wife</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zipporah#Family_tree" title="Zipporah">Safura</a> (wife of Musa), <a href="/wiki/Shuaib" title="Shuaib">Shuaib</a> (father-in-law of Musa), <a href="/wiki/Elisheba" title="Elisheba">Alishaba</a> (wife of Harun)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Davidic_line#Islamic_interpretations" title="Davidic line">House of Daud</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Davidic_line#Islamic_interpretations" title="Davidic line">Aal Daud</a> (<a href="/wiki/David_in_Islam" title="David in Islam">Daud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bathsheba" title="Bathsheba">Bathsheba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam" title="Solomon in Islam">Sulayman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Imran" title="Al Imran">Al Imran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Joachim" title="Joachim">Imran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_in_Islam" title="Mary in Islam">Maryam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">Isa</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Muhammad" title="Family tree of Muhammad">Family tree of Muhammad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rashidun</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Abu_Bakr" title="Family tree of Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Umar" title="Family tree of Umar">Umar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Uthman" title="Family tree of Uthman">Uthman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Family tree of Ali">Ali</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alids" title="Alids">Dynastic descendants</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Family_tree">Fourteen Infallibles</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Later Kings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Umayyad family tree">Umayyads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbasids" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbasids">Abbasids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_dynasty" title="Ottoman dynasty">Ottomans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Polytheistic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Babylonian_gods" title="Family tree of the Babylonian gods">Babylonian gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Greek_gods" title="Family tree of the Greek gods">Greek gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Japanese_deities" title="Family tree of Japanese deities">Japanese kami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuru_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuru family tree">Mahabharata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_M%C4%81ori_gods" title="Family tree of the Māori gods">Māori gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Norse_gods" class="mw-redirect" title="Family tree of the Norse gods">Nordic gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumerian_religion#Genealogy_of_the_Sumerian_deities" title="Sumerian religion">Sumerian gods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Fourteen_Infallibles&oldid=1252975696">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Fourteen_Infallibles&oldid=1252975696</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:The_Fourteen_Infallibles" title="Category:The Fourteen Infallibles">The Fourteen Infallibles</a></li><li><a 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