CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Anglo-Japanese style - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4b1fa888-a496-483e-ae53-fd33d17326fa","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Anglo-Japanese_style","wgTitle":"Anglo-Japanese style","wgCurRevisionId":1248420154,"wgRevisionId":1248420154,"wgArticleId":11195221,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Articles containing Japanese-language text","Commons category link from Wikidata","Arts and Crafts movement","British art movements","Arts in the United Kingdom","Decorative arts","Modern art","Japanese art","Garden design history of England","Japonisme"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Anglo-Japanese_style", "wgRelevantArticleId":11195221,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":80000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q4763641","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform" ,"platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips", "ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg/1200px-MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="833"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg/800px-MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="556"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg/640px-MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="444"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Anglo-Japanese style - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_style"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_style"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Anglo-Japanese_style rootpage-Anglo-Japanese_style skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Anglo-Japanese+style" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Anglo-Japanese+style" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Anglo-Japanese+style" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Anglo-Japanese+style" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Design_principles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design_principles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Design principles</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Design_principles-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Design principles subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Design_principles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interior_design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interior_design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Interior design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interior_design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pottery_and_porcelain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pottery_and_porcelain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Pottery and porcelain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pottery_and_porcelain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metalwork" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metalwork"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Metalwork</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metalwork-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Furniture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Furniture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Furniture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Furniture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-England" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#England"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>England</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-England-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle England subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-England-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1850–1859:_Early_exchange" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1850–1859:_Early_exchange"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>1850–1859: Early exchange</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1850–1859:_Early_exchange-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1860–1869:_Import_influx" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1860–1869:_Import_influx"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1860–1869: Import influx</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1860–1869:_Import_influx-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1870–1879:_Influence_and_imitation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1870–1879:_Influence_and_imitation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1870–1879: Influence and imitation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1870–1879:_Influence_and_imitation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1880–1889:_Aesthetical_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1880–1889:_Aesthetical_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>1880–1889: Aesthetical art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1880–1889:_Aesthetical_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1890–1899:_Class_consciousness" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1890–1899:_Class_consciousness"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>1890–1899: Class consciousness</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1890–1899:_Class_consciousness-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1900–1925:_Modernism_and_bilateral_exchange" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1900–1925:_Modernism_and_bilateral_exchange"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>1900–1925: Modernism and bilateral exchange</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1900–1925:_Modernism_and_bilateral_exchange-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Liberty's_and_the_Modern_Style;_1900–1915" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liberty's_and_the_Modern_Style;_1900–1915"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>Liberty's and the Modern Style; 1900–1915</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liberty's_and_the_Modern_Style;_1900–1915-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Garden_design;_1901–1910" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Garden_design;_1901–1910"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.2</span> <span>Garden design; 1901–1910</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Garden_design;_1901–1910-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bilateral_artisanal_exchange;_1901–1923" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bilateral_artisanal_exchange;_1901–1923"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.3</span> <span>Bilateral artisanal exchange; 1901–1923</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bilateral_artisanal_exchange;_1901–1923-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Japanese_enclave" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Japanese_enclave"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.4</span> <span>The Japanese enclave</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Japanese_enclave-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scotland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scotland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Scotland</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Scotland-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Scotland subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Scotland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1870–1879:_Glasgow_Exhibition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1870–1879:_Glasgow_Exhibition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>1870–1879: Glasgow Exhibition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1870–1879:_Glasgow_Exhibition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1880–1889" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1880–1889"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>1880–1889</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1880–1889-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1890–1899:_School_of_Art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1890–1899:_School_of_Art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>1890–1899: School of Art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1890–1899:_School_of_Art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1900–1909:_Glasgow_and_the_Modern_Style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1900–1909:_Glasgow_and_the_Modern_Style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>1900–1909: Glasgow and the Modern Style</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1900–1909:_Glasgow_and_the_Modern_Style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mackintosh_and_Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mackintosh_and_Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.1</span> <span>Mackintosh and Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mackintosh_and_Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-United_States-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle United States subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Anglo-Japanese_works_in_the_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anglo-Japanese_works_in_the_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Anglo-Japanese works in the United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anglo-Japanese_works_in_the_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Anglo-Japanese style</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 3 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-3" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">3 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A8%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C-%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%86%DB%8C" title="سبک انگلیسی-ژاپنی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سبک انگلیسی-ژاپنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%91%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB" title="アングロジャパニーズ・スタイル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アングロジャパニーズ・スタイル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%8F%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Англо-японська стилістика – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Англо-японська стилістика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4763641#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_style" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Anglo-Japanese_style" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_style"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_style"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Anglo-Japanese_style" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Anglo-Japanese_style" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&oldid=1248420154" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Anglo-Japanese_style&id=1248420154&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAnglo-Japanese_style"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAnglo-Japanese_style"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anglo-Japanese_style" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4763641" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Hybrid artistic style</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Anglo-Japanese" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Anglo-Japanese (disambiguation)">Anglo-Japanese (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Anglo-Japanese Style</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg/220px-MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg/330px-MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg/440px-MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3398" data-file-height="2360" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Dresser" title="Christopher Dresser">Dresser</a> Teapot (1879) inspired by watching Japanese Tea Ceremony in 1877</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1850s–1910s</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major figures</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Dresser" title="Christopher Dresser">Christopher Dresser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_William_Godwin" title="Edward William Godwin">Edward William Godwin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jeckyll" title="Thomas Jeckyll">Thomas Jeckyll</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lasenby_Liberty" title="Arthur Lasenby Liberty">Arthur Lasenby Liberty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Silver" title="Arthur Silver">Arthur Silver</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Influences</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arts_and_Crafts_movement" title="Arts and Crafts movement">Arts and Crafts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Japan#Professional_photographers_in_the_Meiji_era" title="Photography in Japan">Yokohama Shashin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ukiyo-e" title="Ukiyo-e">Ukiyo-e</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_art" title="Japanese art">Japanese art</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Influenced</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pre-raphaelites" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-raphaelites">Pre-raphaelites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mintons" title="Mintons">Mintons</a> Pottery, <a href="/wiki/Aestheticism" title="Aestheticism">Aestheticism</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Queen_Anne_Revival_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="British Queen Anne Revival architecture">British Queen Anne Revival architecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Modern_Style_(British_Art_Nouveau_style)" title="Modern Style (British Art Nouveau style)">Modern Style</a> & <a href="/wiki/Studio_pottery" title="Studio pottery">Studio pottery</a> in England, <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Boys" class="mw-redirect" title="Glasgow Boys">Glasgow Boys</a> in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arts_and_Crafts_movement" title="Arts and Crafts movement">Arts and Crafts movement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Locke_Eastlake" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Locke Eastlake">Eastlake Furniture</a> in the United States; <a href="/wiki/Liberty_style" title="Liberty style">Liberty style</a> in Italy</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Anglo-Japanese style</b> developed in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a> and early <a href="/wiki/Edwardian_era" title="Edwardian era">Edwardian era</a> from approximately 1851 to the 1910s, when a new appreciation for <a href="/wiki/Japanese_aesthetics" title="Japanese aesthetics">Japanese design</a> and <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Japan" title="Culture of Japan">culture</a> influenced how designers and craftspeople made <a href="/wiki/British_art" class="mw-redirect" title="British art">British art</a>, especially the <a href="/wiki/Decorative_arts" title="Decorative arts">decorative arts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_England" title="Architecture of England">architecture of England</a>, covering a vast array of <a href="/wiki/Art_objects" class="mw-redirect" title="Art objects">art objects</a> including <a href="/wiki/Ceramics" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceramics">ceramics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Furniture" title="Furniture">furniture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Interior_design" title="Interior design">interior design</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Important centres for design included <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>. </p><p>The first use of the term "Anglo-Japanese" occurs in 1851,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and developed due to the keen interest in Japan, which due to <a href="/wiki/Sakoku" title="Sakoku">Japanese state policy</a> until the 1860s, had been closed to the Western markets. The style was popularised by Edward William Godwin in the 1870s in England, with many artisans working in the style drawing upon Japan as a source of inspiration and designed pieces based on Japanese Art, whilst some favoured Japan simply for its commercial viability, particularly true after the 1880s when the British interest in Eastern design and culture is regarded as a characteristic of the <a href="/wiki/Aesthetic_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Aesthetic Movement">Aesthetic Movement</a>. By the 1890s–1910s further education occurred, and with the advent of bilateral trade and diplomatic relations, two-way channels between the UK and Japan occurred and the style morphed into one of cultural exchange and early modernism, diverging into the <a href="/wiki/Modern_Style_(British_Art_Nouveau_style)" title="Modern Style (British Art Nouveau style)">Modern Style</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Liberty_style" title="Liberty style">Liberty style</a> and anticipated the minimalism of 20th-century <a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">modern design principles</a>. </p><p>Notable British designers working in the Anglo-Japanese style include <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Dresser" title="Christopher Dresser">Christopher Dresser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_William_Godwin" title="Edward William Godwin">Edward William Godwin</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Lamb_(cabinetmaker)" title="James Lamb (cabinetmaker)">James Lamb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Webb" title="Philip Webb">Philip Webb</a> and the decorative arts wall painting of James Abbott McNeill Whistler. Further influence can be found in works from the <a href="/wiki/Arts_and_Crafts_movement" title="Arts and Crafts movement">Arts and Crafts movement</a>; and in British designs in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, seen in the works of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Rennie_Mackintosh" title="Charles Rennie Mackintosh">Charles Rennie Mackintosh</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design_principles">Design principles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Design principles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Design features such as <i><a href="/wiki/Asymmetry" title="Asymmetry">fukinsei</a></i> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">不均斉</span></span>, 'asymmetry') and <i><a href="/wiki/Wabi-sabi" title="Wabi-sabi">wabi-sabi</a></i> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">侘寂</span></span>, 'imperfection') and simplification of layout prominently feature as aesthetical importation and adaptation in many Anglo-Japanese designers works and pieces. Christopher Dresser, who was the first European designer to visit Japan in 1876, brought back and popularised many influential <a href="/wiki/Japanese_aesthetics" title="Japanese aesthetics">Japanese aesthetics</a> in his books, <i>Japan: Its Architecture, Art, and Art Manufactures</i> (1882).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The design principle shifted from one of first directly copying (practiced in Japonisme by figures like <a href="/wiki/Van_Gogh" class="mw-redirect" title="Van Gogh">Van Gogh</a> or <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec" title="Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec">Lautrec</a>), to understanding the aesthetic principal behind Japanese art (practiced by Dresser and later Godwin), leading penultimately creating the new Anglo Japanese style.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The impact of the shift in how design should be approached can be in seen in <a href="/wiki/C._F._A._Voysey" title="C. F. A. Voysey">C. F. A. Voysey</a> for his wallpaper at <a href="/wiki/Liberty_(department_store)" title="Liberty (department store)">Liberty's</a>, who felt that the underlying aesthetic of Japanese workmanship must first be understood to create an independent Anglo-Japanese work, and that to try to reproduce it when solely <a href="/wiki/Art_for_art%27s_sake" title="Art for art's sake">aesthetical</a> purpose and outside tradition would pragmatically create superficial work. Speaking in 1917, comparing his abhorrence of the many poor contemporaneous imitations and 'traditional Japanese' works to 18th century English <a href="/wiki/Chinoiserie" title="Chinoiserie">Chinoiserie</a> <a href="/wiki/Japanning" title="Japanning">Japanning</a> furniture, he noted that although "we may fitly imitate in an object of our own, the finish we find in Japanese workmanship, but the imitation of its traditional thought and feeling is absurd, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chippendale" title="Thomas Chippendale">Chippendale</a> exhibited this kind of [visual] absurdity when he produced his Chinese furniture".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interior_design">Interior design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Interior design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maru-ni_Neagari_Tachibana_inverted_3.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Maru-ni_Neagari_Tachibana_inverted_3.png/220px-Maru-ni_Neagari_Tachibana_inverted_3.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Maru-ni_Neagari_Tachibana_inverted_3.png/330px-Maru-ni_Neagari_Tachibana_inverted_3.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Maru-ni_Neagari_Tachibana_inverted_3.png/440px-Maru-ni_Neagari_Tachibana_inverted_3.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Example of a Mon</figcaption></figure> <p>In the design of furniture, the most common and characteristic features are refined lines and nature motifs such as '<a href="/wiki/Mon_(emblem)" title="Mon (emblem)">Mons</a>', and most particularly an <a href="/wiki/Ebonized" class="mw-redirect" title="Ebonized">ebonized</a> finish (or even ebony) echoing the well-known '<a href="/wiki/Japanning" title="Japanning">japanned</a>' finish. Halen (p. 69) proposes an ebonized chair exhibited at the 1862 International Exhibition by A.F. Bornemann & Co of Bath, and described (and possibly designed) by <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Dresser" title="Christopher Dresser">Christopher Dresser</a> as the <i>quaint and unique Japanese character</i>, to be the first documented piece of furniture in the Anglo-Japanese style. The types of furniture required in England such as wardrobes, <a href="/wiki/Sideboard" title="Sideboard">sideboards</a> and even dining-tables and easy-chairs did not have a Japanese precedent therefore Japanese principles and motifs had to be adapted to existing types in order to meet English requirements. </p><p>Dresser noted that the 'Mons' of Japanese Art also have their similarities in <a href="/wiki/Insular_art" title="Insular art">Celtic</a> 'rudimentary art'.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Japanese_Ornament_by_Christopher_Dresser_1879.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japanese_Ornament_by_Christopher_Dresser_1879.jpg/220px-Japanese_Ornament_by_Christopher_Dresser_1879.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japanese_Ornament_by_Christopher_Dresser_1879.jpg/330px-Japanese_Ornament_by_Christopher_Dresser_1879.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japanese_Ornament_by_Christopher_Dresser_1879.jpg/440px-Japanese_Ornament_by_Christopher_Dresser_1879.jpg 2x" data-file-width="511" data-file-height="794" /></a><figcaption>Dresser, 'Japanese <a href="/wiki/Typography" title="Typography">Ornament</a>' (1879)</figcaption></figure> <p>Many British designers of the Victorian period were taught the <a href="/wiki/Neo-Gothic" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Gothic">Neo-Gothic</a> design principles of <a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin" title="John Ruskin">John Ruskin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Owen_Jones_(architect)" title="Owen Jones (architect)">Owen Jones</a>, principally the <i>Grammar of <a href="/wiki/Ornament_(art)" title="Ornament (art)">Ornament</a></i> (1856), which did not include Japan. 'Ornament' referring to an important aspect of English architectural decorative design for the period, deriving from the popular ornamentation at the time found on the exterior of European churches, and placing this beside nature. Yet by 1879, it was reported that ornamental gothic 'natural forms [had] all the nature flattened out of them, [being] arbitrarily and mechanically arranged', and thus for satisfactorily replacing the Ornament of Owen Jones, Japanese art had 'taught [the British architect] the lesson we wanted, in teaching us how to adapt natural forms without taking the nature out of them. Gothic art showed us something of this; but it did not show it so clearly, nor in so many ways, as Japanese [art has done]';<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 'for even their copies are not slavishly mechanical but free ... [shown in] how the Japanese can introduce into a panel something of pictorial expression without loss of decorative simplicity.'<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pottery_and_porcelain">Pottery and porcelain</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pottery and porcelain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When designing pottery and ceramics, early influences on the style came from 'japonaiserie' influence and early influences show how Dresser working with Minton's incorporated the superficial exterior of Japanese pottery techniques and colour in <a href="/wiki/Porcelain" title="Porcelain">porcelain</a>, but not its design principles or aesthetical practices. Dresser turned to designing a number of direct Japanese-influenced pieces such as his wave ceramic (pictured in gallery), and later drew from the direct influence of Japanese aesthetics, which he took from his time learning from artisans in his visit to the country in the 1870s. This in turn became in the 1880–1889 period known as 'Art Pottery', under the Aesthetic branch of the style, and was practiced by a number of other potters and ceramicists, particularly stoneware pots. Common motifs included prunus blossom, pine branches, storks and roundels.<sup id="cite_ref-auto7_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto7-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metalwork">Metalwork</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Metalwork"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kettles,_designed_by_Christopher_Dresser,_made_by_Benham_%26_Froud,_London,_c._1885,_copper,_brass,_wood_-_Br%C3%B6han_Museum,_Berlin_-_DSC03920.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Kettles%2C_designed_by_Christopher_Dresser%2C_made_by_Benham_%26_Froud%2C_London%2C_c._1885%2C_copper%2C_brass%2C_wood_-_Br%C3%B6han_Museum%2C_Berlin_-_DSC03920.JPG/220px-Kettles%2C_designed_by_Christopher_Dresser%2C_made_by_Benham_%26_Froud%2C_London%2C_c._1885%2C_copper%2C_brass%2C_wood_-_Br%C3%B6han_Museum%2C_Berlin_-_DSC03920.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Kettles%2C_designed_by_Christopher_Dresser%2C_made_by_Benham_%26_Froud%2C_London%2C_c._1885%2C_copper%2C_brass%2C_wood_-_Br%C3%B6han_Museum%2C_Berlin_-_DSC03920.JPG/330px-Kettles%2C_designed_by_Christopher_Dresser%2C_made_by_Benham_%26_Froud%2C_London%2C_c._1885%2C_copper%2C_brass%2C_wood_-_Br%C3%B6han_Museum%2C_Berlin_-_DSC03920.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Kettles%2C_designed_by_Christopher_Dresser%2C_made_by_Benham_%26_Froud%2C_London%2C_c._1885%2C_copper%2C_brass%2C_wood_-_Br%C3%B6han_Museum%2C_Berlin_-_DSC03920.JPG/440px-Kettles%2C_designed_by_Christopher_Dresser%2C_made_by_Benham_%26_Froud%2C_London%2C_c._1885%2C_copper%2C_brass%2C_wood_-_Br%C3%B6han_Museum%2C_Berlin_-_DSC03920.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4057" data-file-height="2926" /></a><figcaption>Dresser Brass-Copper Tea kettles (1885)</figcaption></figure> <p>Metalwork in the 1880s also drew from a blend of 'Gothic Revival, naturalism and a Western interpretation of the arts of Japan'.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Furniture">Furniture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Furniture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many Anglo-Japanese pieces of furniture were made, but the furniture designed by Godwin for William Watt is the most definitive of its kind. Godwin never travelled to Japan, but collected Japanese art objects circa 1863, and designed his furniture based on replicating adapted forms from these objects, creating a distinctive English style of Japanese inspired furniture in the 1870s, dubbing it the 'Anglo-Japanese Style'. Japanese illustration, woodblock prints, Japanese family crests and the Manga series inspired many of his furniture designs 'curved lintels and geometric grille patterns'.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furniture in Godwin's image was refined, sparse of ornament and asymmetrical in its design, often in ebonized woods with simple decoration using Japanese paper or minute wood carved detailing. In the White House in Chelsea, he organised the furniture to be distributed asymmetrically, and the walls to covered in gold leaf inspired by Japanese design and interiors.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="England">England</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: England"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Whilst Japanese trade with <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a> had first commenced in 1613–1623, under the policy of <a href="/wiki/Sakoku" title="Sakoku">Sakoku</a> the import and export market of Japan had been limited to smuggled contraband and was only available once again 150 years later when the <a href="/wiki/Ansei_Treaties" title="Ansei Treaties">Ansei Treaties</a> opened Japan to British trade once more, after the <a href="/wiki/Bakumatsu" title="Bakumatsu">opening of Japan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Matthew_C._Perry" title="Matthew C. Perry">1853</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1850–1859:_Early_exchange"><span id="1850.E2.80.931859:_Early_exchange"></span>1850–1859: Early exchange</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1850–1859: Early exchange"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Museum of Ornamental Art, later the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum" title="Victoria and Albert Museum">Victoria and Albert Museum</a>, bought <a href="/wiki/Japanese_lacquer" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese lacquer">Japanese lacquer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Japanese_porcelain" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese porcelain">porcelain</a> in 1852, and again in 1854 with the purchase of 37 items from the exhibition at the <a href="/wiki/Old_Water-Colour_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Water-Colour Society">Old Water-Colour Society</a>, London. Japanese art was exhibited in London in 1851, <a href="/wiki/Great_Industrial_Exhibition_(1853)" title="Great Industrial Exhibition (1853)">Dublin in 1853</a>; Edinburgh 1856 and 1857; Manchester in 1857, and Bristol in 1861. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Japan_1862_International_Exhibition.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Japan_1862_International_Exhibition.jpg/220px-Japan_1862_International_Exhibition.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Japan_1862_International_Exhibition.jpg/330px-Japan_1862_International_Exhibition.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Japan_1862_International_Exhibition.jpg/440px-Japan_1862_International_Exhibition.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>Japan 1862 International Exhibition</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1858, a 'series of roller printed cottons' with direct Japanese influence were made by Daniel Lee of Manchester.<sup id="cite_ref-auto4_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto4-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1860–1869:_Import_influx"><span id="1860.E2.80.931869:_Import_influx"></span>1860–1869: Import influx</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1860–1869: Import influx"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_Alcock" title="Rutherford Alcock">Rutherford Alcock</a> also organising the unofficial Japan Booth, the <a href="/wiki/1862_International_Exhibition" title="1862 International Exhibition">1862 International Exhibition</a> in London displayed a number of everyday objects; the impact of which has been considered 'one of the most influential events in the history of Japanese art in the West', introducing people such as Christopher Dresser to <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Art">Japanese Art</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early examples of Japanese influence and inspiration in ceramics were noted by Dresser in his reviews of the International Exhibition, London 1862, where he remarked on Minton's 'vases enriched with Chinese or Japanese ornament',<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in his purchasing and sketching of the goods at the exhibition. </p><p>Alcock noted that of the 1862 exhibition: "I occupied myself in collecting, for the gratification of the cultured and the instruction of the working and industrial classes of England, evidence of what Art had done for the Japanese and their industries".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the exhibit closed, interest began around Japanese objects and Japan itself, and collectors, artists and merchants such as <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lasenby_Liberty" title="Arthur Lasenby Liberty">Arthur Lasenby Liberty</a> and Farmers and Rogers Oriental Warehouse began to collect Japanese art and objects.<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the opening of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_ports#Japanese_treaty_ports" title="Treaty ports">treaty ports</a> in Japan, four Japanese cities began exporting goods to the United Kingdom. Most of these items eventually began to influence the art of British artisans and enter the home of British elites.<sup id="cite_ref-auto6_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto6-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of artists from the <a href="/wiki/Pre-Raphaelite" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Raphaelite">Pre-Raphaelite</a> circle such as <a href="/wiki/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="Dante Gabriel Rossetti">Dante Gabriel Rossetti</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ford_Madox_Brown" title="Ford Madox Brown">Ford Madox Brown</a> (Rossetti's friend<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/Edward_Burne-Jones" title="Edward Burne-Jones">Edward Burne-Jones</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto8_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto8-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Simeon_Solomon" title="Simeon Solomon">Simeon Solomon</a> also was beginning to use <a href="/wiki/Oriental" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental">Oriental</a> influences in their works; <a href="/wiki/Albert_Joseph_Moore" title="Albert Joseph Moore">Albert Joseph Moore</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/James_McNeill_Whistler" title="James McNeill Whistler">James McNeill Whistler</a> also began to frequent the warehouse importing these goods in London. Architect <a href="/wiki/Edward_William_Godwin" title="Edward William Godwin">Edward William Godwin</a> also designed his home and bought <a href="/wiki/Ukiyo-e" title="Ukiyo-e">ukiyo-e</a> in 1862 to decorate his home;<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/William_Eden_Nesfield" title="William Eden Nesfield">William Eden Nesfield</a> also designed early pieces in the style. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cult-of-beauty-001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Cult-of-beauty-001.jpg/220px-Cult-of-beauty-001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="346" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Cult-of-beauty-001.jpg/330px-Cult-of-beauty-001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Cult-of-beauty-001.jpg/440px-Cult-of-beauty-001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="724" /></a><figcaption>Whistler 1864</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1863 <a href="/wiki/John_Leighton_(artist)" title="John Leighton (artist)">John Leighton (artist)</a> gave a lecture on 'Japanese art' to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> and Alcock gave another at the <a href="/wiki/Leeds" title="Leeds">Leeds</a> Philosophical Society in the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rise of Yokohama Shashin (Yokohama photography) from early photographers such as <a href="/wiki/Felice_Beato" title="Felice Beato">Felice Beato</a> also introduced the <i>pictorial arts</i> to Britain, and alongside the imports of new woodblock prints, became fashionable objects to own and discuss in artistic and academic circles.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Glass ware was also influenced by Japanese art and the 'Frog decanter' exhibited by Thomas Webb at the International Exhibition in Paris 1867 is in its subject, simplicity and asymmetry the earliest example of Japanese influence on English glass identified to date. </p><p>Certainly by 1867, Edward William Godwin and Christopher Dresser had become aware of Japanese art objects, particularly Japanese woodblock printing styles, forms and colour schemes.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further interest was taken by the British government on the collection of <a href="/wiki/Washi" title="Washi">Washi</a> paper for the <a href="/wiki/V%26A" class="mw-redirect" title="V&A">V&A</a> when the like was collected on masse for exhibition in London, collected by <a href="/wiki/Harry_Parkes_(diplomat)" title="Harry Parkes (diplomat)">Harry Parkes</a> between 1867 and 1868.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Influenced by Whistler and a love of historical painting styles, Moore blended the aesthetical vernacular of Greek and Japanese using the Art for Art's sake Japanese decorative and aesthetical style, seen in Moore's 1868 painting <i>Azaleas</i>, which 'reconciled the arts of Japan and Greece, and the aesthetic and classical, in a new Victorian combination'.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whilst Whistler certainly influenced the popularity of Japanese art, he often butted heads with other collectors on <a href="/wiki/Japanese_art" title="Japanese art">Japanese art</a>, frequently butting heads with the <a href="/wiki/William_Michael_Rossetti" title="William Michael Rossetti">Rosetti Brothers</a> on the collection of <a href="/wiki/Ukiyo-e" title="Ukiyo-e">Ukiyo-e</a> and Japanese woodblock prints.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dante saw the refinement of line in Japanese arts as having "nothing to ask of European attainment or models; it is an integral organism ... [being in its accuracy and finesse] more instinctive than the artists of other races."<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whereas Whistler drew on the French ideal of <a href="/wiki/Art_for_art%27s_sake" title="Art for art's sake"><i>l'art pour l'art</i></a>, and that Japanese <i>art d'object</i> where simply there with 'no social message, no commitment, <a href="/wiki/Cultural_appropriation" title="Cultural appropriation">no reason to exist except to be beautiful</a>'.<sup id="cite_ref-auto4_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto4-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1869, Godwin, not only having involved living with Japanese intereriors in his home in <a href="/wiki/Harpenden" title="Harpenden">Harpenden</a> with <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Terry" title="Ellen Terry">Ellen Terry</a>, had begun to design in the early incarnation of Anglo-Japanese design at Dromore Castle in <a href="/wiki/Limerick" title="Limerick">Limerick</a>, Ireland in the Gothic and Japanese style.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_McNeill_Whistler_-_La_Princesse_du_pays_de_la_porcelaine_-_Google_Art_Project_edit2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Whistler, La Princesse du pays de la porcelaine (1863–1865), an example of the Art for art's sake style"><img alt="Whistler, La Princesse du pays de la porcelaine (1863–1865), an example of the Art for art's sake style" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/James_McNeill_Whistler_-_La_Princesse_du_pays_de_la_porcelaine_-_Google_Art_Project_edit2.jpg/68px-James_McNeill_Whistler_-_La_Princesse_du_pays_de_la_porcelaine_-_Google_Art_Project_edit2.jpg" decoding="async" width="68" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/James_McNeill_Whistler_-_La_Princesse_du_pays_de_la_porcelaine_-_Google_Art_Project_edit2.jpg/102px-James_McNeill_Whistler_-_La_Princesse_du_pays_de_la_porcelaine_-_Google_Art_Project_edit2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/James_McNeill_Whistler_-_La_Princesse_du_pays_de_la_porcelaine_-_Google_Art_Project_edit2.jpg/136px-James_McNeill_Whistler_-_La_Princesse_du_pays_de_la_porcelaine_-_Google_Art_Project_edit2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="11900" data-file-height="21020" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/James_Abbott_McNeill_Whistler" class="mw-redirect" title="James Abbott McNeill Whistler">Whistler</a>, La Princesse du pays de la porcelaine (1863–1865), an example of the <a href="/wiki/Art_for_art%27s_sake" title="Art for art's sake">Art for art's sake</a> style</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_The_Blue_Bower.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rossetti, The Blue Bower (1865), sitter holds a Koto"><img alt="Rossetti, The Blue Bower (1865), sitter holds a Koto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_The_Blue_Bower.jpg/101px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_The_Blue_Bower.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_The_Blue_Bower.jpg/151px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_The_Blue_Bower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_The_Blue_Bower.jpg/201px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_The_Blue_Bower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="Dante Gabriel Rossetti">Rossetti</a>, <i>The Blue Bower</i> (1865), sitter holds a <a href="/wiki/Koto_(instrument)" title="Koto (instrument)">Koto</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Japanese_Fan_by_Simeon_Solomon_(1865).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Solomon, The Japanese Fan (1865)"><img alt="Solomon, The Japanese Fan (1865)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/The_Japanese_Fan_by_Simeon_Solomon_%281865%29.jpg/107px-The_Japanese_Fan_by_Simeon_Solomon_%281865%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/The_Japanese_Fan_by_Simeon_Solomon_%281865%29.jpg/161px-The_Japanese_Fan_by_Simeon_Solomon_%281865%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/The_Japanese_Fan_by_Simeon_Solomon_%281865%29.jpg/214px-The_Japanese_Fan_by_Simeon_Solomon_%281865%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="893" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Simeon_Solomon" title="Simeon Solomon">Solomon</a>, <i>The Japanese Fan</i> (1865)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Abbott_McNeill_Whistler_-_Whistler_in_his_studio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Whistler's London Studio (1865)"><img alt="Whistler's London Studio (1865)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/James_Abbott_McNeill_Whistler_-_Whistler_in_his_studio.jpg/90px-James_Abbott_McNeill_Whistler_-_Whistler_in_his_studio.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/James_Abbott_McNeill_Whistler_-_Whistler_in_his_studio.jpg/135px-James_Abbott_McNeill_Whistler_-_Whistler_in_his_studio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/James_Abbott_McNeill_Whistler_-_Whistler_in_his_studio.jpg/180px-James_Abbott_McNeill_Whistler_-_Whistler_in_his_studio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Whistler's London Studio (1865)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Temple_of_Kamakura,_Japan_Wellcome_V0037652.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beato and Kerr, Example of Yokohama Shashin (c. 1866)"><img alt="Beato and Kerr, Example of Yokohama Shashin (c. 1866)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/The_Temple_of_Kamakura%2C_Japan_Wellcome_V0037652.jpg/99px-The_Temple_of_Kamakura%2C_Japan_Wellcome_V0037652.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/The_Temple_of_Kamakura%2C_Japan_Wellcome_V0037652.jpg/148px-The_Temple_of_Kamakura%2C_Japan_Wellcome_V0037652.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/The_Temple_of_Kamakura%2C_Japan_Wellcome_V0037652.jpg/198px-The_Temple_of_Kamakura%2C_Japan_Wellcome_V0037652.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2940" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Felice_Beato" title="Felice Beato">Beato</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lord_Walter_Kerr" title="Lord Walter Kerr">Kerr</a>, Example of Yokohama Shashin (c. 1866)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Eden_Nesfield_Japanese_Screen_1867.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nesfield Japanese Screen (1867)"><img alt="Nesfield Japanese Screen (1867)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/William_Eden_Nesfield_Japanese_Screen_1867.jpg/88px-William_Eden_Nesfield_Japanese_Screen_1867.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/William_Eden_Nesfield_Japanese_Screen_1867.jpg/132px-William_Eden_Nesfield_Japanese_Screen_1867.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/William_Eden_Nesfield_Japanese_Screen_1867.jpg/176px-William_Eden_Nesfield_Japanese_Screen_1867.jpg 2x" data-file-width="441" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/William_Eden_Nesfield" title="William Eden Nesfield">Nesfield</a> Japanese Screen (1867)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1870–1879:_Influence_and_imitation"><span id="1870.E2.80.931879:_Influence_and_imitation"></span>1870–1879: Influence and imitation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1870–1879: Influence and imitation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vase_(England),_1871-1875_(CH_18633979-2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Vase_%28England%29%2C_1871-1875_%28CH_18633979-2%29.jpg/220px-Vase_%28England%29%2C_1871-1875_%28CH_18633979-2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Vase_%28England%29%2C_1871-1875_%28CH_18633979-2%29.jpg/330px-Vase_%28England%29%2C_1871-1875_%28CH_18633979-2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Vase_%28England%29%2C_1871-1875_%28CH_18633979-2%29.jpg/440px-Vase_%28England%29%2C_1871-1875_%28CH_18633979-2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3334" data-file-height="4096" /></a><figcaption>Minton Vase (c.1871-75)</figcaption></figure> <p>Early in the decade, the <a href="/wiki/Watcombe_pottery" class="mw-redirect" title="Watcombe pottery">Watcombe pottery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a> produced unglazed <a href="/wiki/Terracotta" title="Terracotta">terracotta</a> wares, some of which rely entirely on Japanese forms and the natural colour of the clay for their ornamental effect. Japanese inspired porcelains by the <a href="/wiki/Worcester_porcelain" class="mw-redirect" title="Worcester porcelain">Worcester porcelain</a> factory at a similar date were much admired by the Japanese themselves. In 1870, Japanese pottery began to influence British ceramics, the potter <a href="/wiki/Hannah_and_Florence_Barlow" title="Hannah and Florence Barlow">Hannah Barlow</a> made a number of animal designs, omitting heavy ornamentation/decorative foliage common in Victorian pottery, on clay during her time at <a href="/wiki/Royal_Doulton" title="Royal Doulton">Royal Doulton</a>, inspired by Ukiyo-e. Dresser had a successful line with <a href="/wiki/Mintons" title="Mintons">Minton</a> of blue closionne vases.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1873, <a href="/wiki/George_Ashdown_Audsley" title="George Ashdown Audsley">George Ashdown Audsley</a> gave a lecture on Japanese Ceramic artworks at <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jeckyll" title="Thomas Jeckyll">Thomas Jeckyll</a> designed a number of his 'mon' fireplaces, used by architects like Dresser and <a href="/wiki/Norman_Shaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Norman Shaw">Norman Shaw</a>, becoming extremely popular in 1873. Jeckyll also designed the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition's 1876 Japanese Pavilion in <a href="/wiki/Wrought_iron" title="Wrought iron">wrought iron</a>, the decorative motif here of the sunflower was heavily employed in the structures ornament, which although used before as a motif by Jeckyll, popularised the association of the sunflower as a floral motif in the Anglo-Japanese style.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other artists such as <a href="/wiki/Walter_Crane" title="Walter Crane">Walter Crane</a>, particularly his <i>The Frog Prince</i> (1874), began to display signs of Japanese influence in how they employ the bright colours of Japanese woodblock prints he had first used in other children series (between 1869 and 1875) which he had first been introduced to in his time in art school in England.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Japan took part in the 1874 International Exhibition.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1874–1876, <a href="/wiki/Warner_%26_Sons" title="Warner & Sons">Warner & Sons</a> produced a number of successful wallpapers, designed by <a href="/wiki/Edward_William_Godwin" title="Edward William Godwin">Edward William Godwin</a>, heavily featuring circular 'mons', and chrysanthemum motifs, the mons being directly taken from Japanese design, found in a book; owned by Godwin's wife; Beatrice Godwin.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As well by 1874, Japanese imports had also picked up and <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lasenby_Liberty" title="Arthur Lasenby Liberty">Arthur Lasenby Liberty</a> became well known as a Japanese goods importer at his store Liberty's (or for example 'small silver hinged boxes cloisonne-enamelled in an Anglo-Japanese style'<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), particularly for ladies fan in 1875. In the same year, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edward_Collcutt" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Edward Collcutt">Thomas Edward Collcutt</a> began designing a number of Japanese inspired ebonized sideboards, cabinets and chairs for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Collinson_%26_Lock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collinson & Lock (page does not exist)">Collinson & Lock</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Wollaston_Franks" title="Augustus Wollaston Franks">Augustus Wollaston Franks</a> set up an exhibition of ceramics, mainly porcelain, at the <a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Bethnal Green Museum">Bethnal Green Museum</a> in 1876; having collected netsuke and tsuba from Japan. Godwin in the British Architect reported that Liberty's <i>[has] Japanese papers for the walls; curtain stuffs for windows and doors; folding screens, chairs, stools [etc. ... Sometimes] one stumbles across a rug that is irritating in its sheer violence of colour. Such coarseness, however, is rarely or ever to be found even in the </i>modern<i> products of Japan. ... Either the European market is ruining Japanese art, or the Japanese have taken our artistic measure and found it wanting; perhaps there is a little of both.</i> Godwin was commenting on the increase in Japanese goods both original and made for the European market at the time. Stencilled mulberry wallpapers, fabrics made and imported with <a href="/wiki/Tussore_silk" class="mw-redirect" title="Tussore silk">tussore silk</a> on a wider <a href="/wiki/Loom" title="Loom">loom</a> by Liberty and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wardle_(industrialist)" title="Thomas Wardle (industrialist)">Thomas Wardle</a> alongside other Japanese imports were also said to be being sold by this time in London at William Whiteley's, Debenham and Freebody and Swan & Edgar.The imported silks were incredibly popular with painters like Moore who preferred their use in drapery on artists-models.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1877, Godwin designed the white house for Whistler in Chelsea. He also made his William Watt Anglo Japanese Style furniture, and his Japanese Mon inspired wallpapers. Thomas Jeckyll also then designed the <a href="/wiki/Peacock_Room" class="mw-redirect" title="Peacock Room">Peacock Room</a> for the shipping magnate <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Richards_Leyland" title="Frederick Richards Leyland">Frederick Richards Leyland</a>; and these types of Japanese ornamentation can also be found in the design of his fireplaces. The <a href="/wiki/Grosvenor_Gallery" title="Grosvenor Gallery">Grosvenor Gallery</a> opens; showcasing <a href="/wiki/Nocturne_in_Black_and_Gold_%E2%80%93_The_Falling_Rocket" title="Nocturne in Black and Gold – The Falling Rocket">Whistler's Black Nocturne</a> leading to the infamous dispute with Ruskin over the worth of an artwork. In 1878, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Cottier" title="Daniel Cottier">Daniel Cottier</a> finished a series of <a href="/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">stained glass</a> window panels <i>Morning Glories</i> which detail 'a lattice fence ... which adapt from a variety of Japanese ... screens, textile stencils, manga and ukiyo-e prints'.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indeed, Cottier ( a Glaswegian who worked in London and <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>) had his Studio and shop full of Aesthetic and Anglo-Japanese ebonised-wood furniture, his Studio producing through his apprentice Stephen Adam until the 1880s a number of Japanese decorative carpentry pieces, frequently using dark woods and gold floral Chrysanthemum accents, all popular Japanese motifs amongst westerners produced for the Western markets.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alcock also published his <i>Art and Art Industries in Japan</i> in 1878. </p><p>In 1879, Dresser was in partnership with Charles Holme (1848–1923) as Dresser & Holme, wholesale importers of Oriental goods, with a warehouse at 7 Farringdon Road, London.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Collectors such as the Liverpool magnate <a href="/wiki/James_Lord_Bowes" title="James Lord Bowes">James Lord Bowes</a> began collecting Japanese goods. <a href="/wiki/James_Lamb_(cabinetmaker)" title="James Lamb (cabinetmaker)">James Lamb (cabinetmaker)</a> and Henry Ogden & Sons also began making Anglo-Japanese furniture for the western market such as hanging cabinets and tables and chairs.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With some pottery produced at the <a href="/wiki/Linthorpe_Pottery" class="mw-redirect" title="Linthorpe Pottery">Linthorpe Pottery</a>, founded in 1879, closely followed Japanese examples in simple forms and especially in rich <a href="/wiki/Ceramic_glaze" title="Ceramic glaze">ceramic glaze</a> effects quite revolutionary in the English market. In commercial mass-produced tablewares, the style was most represented by <a href="/wiki/Transfer_print" class="mw-redirect" title="Transfer print">transfer prints</a> depicting Japanese botanical or animal motifs such as bamboos, and birds; scenes of Japan or Japanese objects such as fans. Often these were placed in a novel asymmetrical fashion in defiance of <a href="/wiki/French_architecture#Baroque" title="French architecture">Western tradition</a>. Other potters who designed in the style included <a href="/wiki/Martin_Brothers" title="Martin Brothers">Martin Brothers</a> from 1879 until 1904,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with many of their works mostly decorative stoneware, heavily reliant on the principle of fish and floral motifs and some glazes in their later works.<sup id="cite_ref-auto7_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto7-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aesthetic painters included <a href="/wiki/William_Stephen_Coleman" title="William Stephen Coleman">William Stephen Coleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Stacy_Marks" title="Henry Stacy Marks">Henry Stacy Marks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Burne-Jones" title="Edward Burne-Jones">Edward Burne-Jones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jean-Charles_Cazin" title="Jean-Charles Cazin">Jean-Charles Cazin</a>. Aesthetic artist who drew from the style frequently used imagery such as Peacocks, and came to be known by their artistic peers as belonging to the 'Cult of Japan'.<sup id="cite_ref-auto7_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto7-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cottier_1870_or_so_cabinet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cottier Cabinet"><img alt="Cottier Cabinet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Cottier_1870_or_so_cabinet.jpg/98px-Cottier_1870_or_so_cabinet.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Cottier_1870_or_so_cabinet.jpg/148px-Cottier_1870_or_so_cabinet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Cottier_1870_or_so_cabinet.jpg/197px-Cottier_1870_or_so_cabinet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="308" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Cottier" title="Daniel Cottier">Cottier</a> Cabinet</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TheFrogPrinceCover.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Crane, The Frog Prince (1874)"><img alt="Crane, The Frog Prince (1874)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/TheFrogPrinceCover.jpg/102px-TheFrogPrinceCover.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/TheFrogPrinceCover.jpg/154px-TheFrogPrinceCover.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/TheFrogPrinceCover.jpg/205px-TheFrogPrinceCover.jpg 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="609" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Crane" title="Walter Crane">Crane</a>, <i>The Frog Prince</i> (1874)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_William_Godwin_Anglo-Japanese_Wallpaper.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Godwin Anglo-Japanese Wallpaper (c. 1874)"><img alt="Godwin Anglo-Japanese Wallpaper (c. 1874)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Edward_William_Godwin_Anglo-Japanese_Wallpaper.jpg/120px-Edward_William_Godwin_Anglo-Japanese_Wallpaper.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Edward_William_Godwin_Anglo-Japanese_Wallpaper.jpg/180px-Edward_William_Godwin_Anglo-Japanese_Wallpaper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Edward_William_Godwin_Anglo-Japanese_Wallpaper.jpg/240px-Edward_William_Godwin_Anglo-Japanese_Wallpaper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Edward_William_Godwin" title="Edward William Godwin">Godwin</a> Anglo-Japanese Wallpaper (c. 1874)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anglo_Japanese_Furniture_1875.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Godwin, Anglo Japanese Furniture (1875)"><img alt="Godwin, Anglo Japanese Furniture (1875)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Anglo_Japanese_Furniture_1875.jpg/120px-Anglo_Japanese_Furniture_1875.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Anglo_Japanese_Furniture_1875.jpg/180px-Anglo_Japanese_Furniture_1875.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Anglo_Japanese_Furniture_1875.jpg/240px-Anglo_Japanese_Furniture_1875.jpg 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="368" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Edward_William_Godwin" title="Edward William Godwin">Godwin</a>, Anglo Japanese Furniture (1875)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tile_MET_DP-13486-039.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dresser, Staffordshire Ceramic tile (c. 1875)"><img alt="Dresser, Staffordshire Ceramic tile (c. 1875)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Tile_MET_DP-13486-039.jpg/120px-Tile_MET_DP-13486-039.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Tile_MET_DP-13486-039.jpg/180px-Tile_MET_DP-13486-039.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Tile_MET_DP-13486-039.jpg/240px-Tile_MET_DP-13486-039.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3999" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Dresser" title="Christopher Dresser">Dresser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Staffordshire" title="Staffordshire">Staffordshire</a> Ceramic tile (c. 1875)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_IV.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bowes, Keramic art of Japan Plate IV (1875)"><img alt="Bowes, Keramic art of Japan Plate IV (1875)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_IV.jpg/83px-Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_IV.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_IV.jpg/125px-Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_IV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_IV.jpg/166px-Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_IV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="624" data-file-height="901" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/James_Lord_Bowes" title="James Lord Bowes">Bowes</a>, Keramic art of Japan Plate IV (1875)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_XVLIII.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bowes, Awagi Keramic Ware (1875)"><img alt="Bowes, Awagi Keramic Ware (1875)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_XVLIII.jpg/84px-Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_XVLIII.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_XVLIII.jpg/127px-Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_XVLIII.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_XVLIII.jpg/169px-Keramic_art_of_Japan_Plate_XVLIII.jpg 2x" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="311" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bowes, Awagi Keramic Ware (1875)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_jeckyll_per_barnard,_bishop_and_barnard,_norfolk_iron_works,_mostra_di_camino,_ferro,_1875_ca.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeckyll Mon Fireplace for Barnard, Bishop & Barnards (1875)"><img alt="Jeckyll Mon Fireplace for Barnard, Bishop & Barnards (1875)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Thomas_jeckyll_per_barnard%2C_bishop_and_barnard%2C_norfolk_iron_works%2C_mostra_di_camino%2C_ferro%2C_1875_ca.jpg/111px-Thomas_jeckyll_per_barnard%2C_bishop_and_barnard%2C_norfolk_iron_works%2C_mostra_di_camino%2C_ferro%2C_1875_ca.jpg" decoding="async" width="111" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Thomas_jeckyll_per_barnard%2C_bishop_and_barnard%2C_norfolk_iron_works%2C_mostra_di_camino%2C_ferro%2C_1875_ca.jpg/167px-Thomas_jeckyll_per_barnard%2C_bishop_and_barnard%2C_norfolk_iron_works%2C_mostra_di_camino%2C_ferro%2C_1875_ca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Thomas_jeckyll_per_barnard%2C_bishop_and_barnard%2C_norfolk_iron_works%2C_mostra_di_camino%2C_ferro%2C_1875_ca.jpg/223px-Thomas_jeckyll_per_barnard%2C_bishop_and_barnard%2C_norfolk_iron_works%2C_mostra_di_camino%2C_ferro%2C_1875_ca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1796" data-file-height="1936" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jeckyll" title="Thomas Jeckyll">Jeckyll</a> <a href="/wiki/Mon_(emblem)" title="Mon (emblem)">Mon</a> Fireplace for <a href="/wiki/Barnard,_Bishop_%26_Barnards" title="Barnard, Bishop & Barnards">Barnard, Bishop & Barnards</a> (1875)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Jeckyll_Sunflower_1876_Japanese_Pavilion.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeckyll, Sunflower railing for the Japanese Pavilion (1876)"><img alt="Jeckyll, Sunflower railing for the Japanese Pavilion (1876)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Thomas_Jeckyll_Sunflower_1876_Japanese_Pavilion.jpg/82px-Thomas_Jeckyll_Sunflower_1876_Japanese_Pavilion.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Thomas_Jeckyll_Sunflower_1876_Japanese_Pavilion.jpg/124px-Thomas_Jeckyll_Sunflower_1876_Japanese_Pavilion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Thomas_Jeckyll_Sunflower_1876_Japanese_Pavilion.jpg/165px-Thomas_Jeckyll_Sunflower_1876_Japanese_Pavilion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="244" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Jeckyll, Sunflower railing for the Japanese Pavilion (1876)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_william_godwin_per_william_watt,_credenza,_londra_1876.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edward William Godwin, Sideboard for William Watt (1876)"><img alt="Edward William Godwin, Sideboard for William Watt (1876)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Edward_william_godwin_per_william_watt%2C_credenza%2C_londra_1876.jpg/120px-Edward_william_godwin_per_william_watt%2C_credenza%2C_londra_1876.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Edward_william_godwin_per_william_watt%2C_credenza%2C_londra_1876.jpg/180px-Edward_william_godwin_per_william_watt%2C_credenza%2C_londra_1876.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Edward_william_godwin_per_william_watt%2C_credenza%2C_londra_1876.jpg/240px-Edward_william_godwin_per_william_watt%2C_credenza%2C_londra_1876.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3108" data-file-height="2184" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Edward William Godwin, Sideboard for William Watt (1876)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tall_vase_with_four_roundels_MET_DP704001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Martin Brothers, Japanese bird motif Vase (1876)"><img alt="Martin Brothers, Japanese bird motif Vase (1876)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tall_vase_with_four_roundels_MET_DP704001.jpg/82px-Tall_vase_with_four_roundels_MET_DP704001.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tall_vase_with_four_roundels_MET_DP704001.jpg/124px-Tall_vase_with_four_roundels_MET_DP704001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tall_vase_with_four_roundels_MET_DP704001.jpg/165px-Tall_vase_with_four_roundels_MET_DP704001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2753" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Brothers" title="Martin Brothers">Martin Brothers</a>, Japanese bird motif Vase (1876)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anglo_Japanese_Furniture.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Godwin, Art Furniture (1877)"><img alt="Godwin, Art Furniture (1877)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Anglo_Japanese_Furniture.jpg/120px-Anglo_Japanese_Furniture.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Anglo_Japanese_Furniture.jpg/180px-Anglo_Japanese_Furniture.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Anglo_Japanese_Furniture.jpg/240px-Anglo_Japanese_Furniture.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1247" data-file-height="818" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Godwin, Art Furniture (1877)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peacock_Room_1890.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Peacock Room (1877; image taken in 1890)"><img alt="Peacock Room (1877; image taken in 1890)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Peacock_Room_1890.jpg/120px-Peacock_Room_1890.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Peacock_Room_1890.jpg/180px-Peacock_Room_1890.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Peacock_Room_1890.jpg/240px-Peacock_Room_1890.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1907" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Peacock_Room" class="mw-redirect" title="Peacock Room">Peacock Room</a> (1877; image taken in 1890)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Christopher_Dresser_-_Teapot_-_1879.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dresser, Teapot, (1879)"><img alt="Dresser, Teapot, (1879)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Christopher_Dresser_-_Teapot_-_1879.jpg/120px-Christopher_Dresser_-_Teapot_-_1879.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Christopher_Dresser_-_Teapot_-_1879.jpg/180px-Christopher_Dresser_-_Teapot_-_1879.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Christopher_Dresser_-_Teapot_-_1879.jpg/240px-Christopher_Dresser_-_Teapot_-_1879.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1769" data-file-height="1416" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dresser, Teapot, (1879)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vase_MET_ES5471.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dresser, Linthorpe Art Pottery Vase (1879–1882)"><img alt="Dresser, Linthorpe Art Pottery Vase (1879–1882)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Vase_MET_ES5471.jpg/57px-Vase_MET_ES5471.jpg" decoding="async" width="57" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Vase_MET_ES5471.jpg/86px-Vase_MET_ES5471.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Vase_MET_ES5471.jpg/114px-Vase_MET_ES5471.jpg 2x" data-file-width="884" data-file-height="1852" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dresser, Linthorpe Art Pottery Vase (1879–1882)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1880–1889:_Aesthetical_art"><span id="1880.E2.80.931889:_Aesthetical_art"></span>1880–1889: Aesthetical art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1880–1889: Aesthetical art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the 1880s, the style had become a major influence on the art and decoration of the time, particularly <a href="/wiki/Aestheticism" title="Aestheticism">Aestheticism</a>. When the aesthetes began to incorporate Japanese styles into their movement, they took on common motifs such as the sunflower, butterfly, peacock and Japanese fan.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Particularly in 1880, <a href="/wiki/Bruce_James_Talbert" title="Bruce James Talbert">Bruce James Talbert</a> produced a number of ebonised Anglo-Japanese siedeboards and chairs using the sunflower motif throughout. He also produced a number of aesthetical wallpapers in the style for Warner and Ramm, notably 'characteristic [using] Japanese simplicity of line and colour' drawn from the aesthetial practices taught in the works of Dresser and Godwin.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another popular fabric employed in the Aesthetics were the tussore silks of 'Liberty Colours'.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As aestheticism began to grow more popular, designers found the 'cult of personality, particularly when it involved creators of art, fundamentally conflicted with Ruskin's and Morris's emphasis upon the importance of traditional craftsman and artisans.' Liberty in particular, who sided with the ideals of <a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a>; rejected early aestheticism, reflected later in what became the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_style" title="Liberty style">Liberty style</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_Sutton" title="Frederick William Sutton">Frederick William Sutton</a>, an early Collodion photographer who had travelled to Japan in 1868 with the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>, gave eight lectures (between 1879 and 1883) on the new art form of photography in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These lectures showcased early photographs and travel in Japan and in his sixth lecture, identified the concepts of 'Old and New Japan', a Victorian Ideal which divided the Meiji period into the time before Western contact and afterwards; Old Japan denoting an idealized, rural notion of the country from a time before the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration">Meiji Restoration</a> and <i>New Japan</i> being the industrial, <a href="/wiki/Sonno_joi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonno joi">westerner-tolerant</a> Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Stevens_%26_Williams" title="Stevens & Williams">Stevens & Williams</a> then in 1884 began to make their 'Matsu-no-Kee' decorative glass and fairy bowls, which took on the simplified nature so prominent amongst the Anglo-Japanese style and from the bright colour schemes seen in contemporary woodblock prints.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Heygate_Mackmurdo" title="Arthur Heygate Mackmurdo">Arthur Heygate Mackmurdo</a> also began designing furniture inspired by <a href="/wiki/Ikebana" title="Ikebana">Ikebana</a>, as was noted further by many periodicals in the time on the subject of Japanese flower arrangement.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1887, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Holmes" title="Charles Holmes">Charles Holmes</a> founder of The Studio Magazine, travels to Japan with Arthur Liberty. In the same year, Mortimer Menpes also presents his first Japanese inspired exhibition in London; rousing the ire of Whistler.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alfred_East" title="Alfred East">Alfred East</a> is commissioned by the <a href="/wiki/Fine_Art_Society" title="Fine Art Society">Fine Art Society</a> to paint in Japan for six months in 1888, and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Morley_Fletcher" title="Frank Morley Fletcher">Frank Morley Fletcher</a> becomes introduced to Japanese woodcuts, helping through the next 22 years to teach about them in London and Reading, <a href="/wiki/Yorkshire" title="Yorkshire">Yorkshire</a>. In 1889, <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde" title="Oscar Wilde">Oscar Wilde</a> noted on <a href="/wiki/The_Decay_of_Lying" title="The Decay of Lying">The Decay of Lying</a> how "In fact the whole of Japan is pure invention. ... The Japanese people are ... simply a mode of style, an exquisite fancy of art." Also see Whistler's paintings and designs (principally in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Peacock_Room" title="The Peacock Room">The Peacock Room</a></i> and his <a href="/wiki/Nocturne:_Blue_and_Gold_%E2%80%93_Old_Battersea_Bridge" title="Nocturne: Blue and Gold – Old Battersea Bridge">nocturnes series</a>). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Morrison" title="Arthur Morrison">Arthur Morrison</a> begins his 'collecting' of Japanese paintings (culminating in his 1911 publication) and woodblock prints, buying wares in <a href="/wiki/Wapping" title="Wapping">Wapping</a> and <a href="/wiki/Limehouse" title="Limehouse">Limehouse</a> and bought through his friend <a href="/wiki/Harold_George_Parlett" title="Harold George Parlett">Harold George Parlett</a> (1869–1945), a British Japanese diplomat and writer on <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>; this eventually became the Arthur Morrison collection in the British Museum.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sidewall,_ca._1880_(CH_85010155-2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anonymous, Aesthetic Wallpaper (1880)"><img alt="Anonymous, Aesthetic Wallpaper (1880)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010155-2%29.jpg/107px-Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010155-2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010155-2%29.jpg/160px-Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010155-2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010155-2%29.jpg/214px-Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010155-2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3649" data-file-height="4096" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Anonymous, Aesthetic Wallpaper (1880)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sidewall,_ca._1880_(CH_85010181-2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aesthetic Wallpaper (c1880)"><img alt="Aesthetic Wallpaper (c1880)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010181-2%29.jpg/108px-Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010181-2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="108" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010181-2%29.jpg/162px-Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010181-2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010181-2%29.jpg/216px-Sidewall%2C_ca._1880_%28CH_85010181-2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3689" data-file-height="4096" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Aesthetic Wallpaper (c1880)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wave_bowl_MET_LC-2001_549-001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dresser, 'Wave bowl' (c. 1880)"><img alt="Dresser, 'Wave bowl' (c. 1880)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Wave_bowl_MET_LC-2001_549-001.jpg/114px-Wave_bowl_MET_LC-2001_549-001.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Wave_bowl_MET_LC-2001_549-001.jpg/171px-Wave_bowl_MET_LC-2001_549-001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Wave_bowl_MET_LC-2001_549-001.jpg/228px-Wave_bowl_MET_LC-2001_549-001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1336" data-file-height="1405" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dresser, 'Wave bowl' (c. 1880)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Daniel_Cottier_cabinet_from_1880.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cottier, Ebonised Cabinet (1880)"><img alt="Cottier, Ebonised Cabinet (1880)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Daniel_Cottier_cabinet_from_1880.jpg/90px-Daniel_Cottier_cabinet_from_1880.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Daniel_Cottier_cabinet_from_1880.jpg/135px-Daniel_Cottier_cabinet_from_1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Daniel_Cottier_cabinet_from_1880.jpg/180px-Daniel_Cottier_cabinet_from_1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1364" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Cottier" title="Daniel Cottier">Cottier</a>, Ebonised Cabinet (1880)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nagasaki_fabric_1880.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Talbert, Nagasaki design (1880)"><img alt="Talbert, Nagasaki design (1880)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Nagasaki_fabric_1880.jpg/91px-Nagasaki_fabric_1880.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Nagasaki_fabric_1880.jpg/136px-Nagasaki_fabric_1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Nagasaki_fabric_1880.jpg/182px-Nagasaki_fabric_1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_James_Talbert" title="Bruce James Talbert">Talbert</a>, <i>Nagasaki</i> design (1880)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Jeckyll01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeckyll, Butterfly motif (c. 1880–1881)"><img alt="Jeckyll, Butterfly motif (c. 1880–1881)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Thomas_Jeckyll01.jpg/120px-Thomas_Jeckyll01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Thomas_Jeckyll01.jpg/180px-Thomas_Jeckyll01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Thomas_Jeckyll01.jpg/240px-Thomas_Jeckyll01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="548" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jeckyll" title="Thomas Jeckyll">Jeckyll</a>, Butterfly motif (c. 1880–1881)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Matsu-no-Kee_Art_Glass.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Steven & Williams, 'Matsu-no-Kee' Style Art-Glass (c. 1884)"><img alt="Steven & Williams, 'Matsu-no-Kee' Style Art-Glass (c. 1884)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Matsu-no-Kee_Art_Glass.jpg/97px-Matsu-no-Kee_Art_Glass.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Matsu-no-Kee_Art_Glass.jpg/145px-Matsu-no-Kee_Art_Glass.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Matsu-no-Kee_Art_Glass.jpg/194px-Matsu-no-Kee_Art_Glass.jpg 2x" data-file-width="353" data-file-height="437" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steven_%26_Williams&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steven & Williams (page does not exist)">Steven & Williams</a>, 'Matsu-no-Kee' Style Art-Glass (c. 1884)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theodor_Roussel_Reading_Girl_1886.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roussel, Reading Girl (1886)"><img alt="Roussel, Reading Girl (1886)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Theodor_Roussel_Reading_Girl_1886.jpg/120px-Theodor_Roussel_Reading_Girl_1886.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Theodor_Roussel_Reading_Girl_1886.jpg/180px-Theodor_Roussel_Reading_Girl_1886.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Theodor_Roussel_Reading_Girl_1886.jpg/240px-Theodor_Roussel_Reading_Girl_1886.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1237" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roussel" title="Theodore Roussel">Roussel</a>, <i>Reading Girl</i> (1886)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Late_19th_century_interior_design,_Museum_of_the_Home.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Museum of the Home, Aesthetical Interior (1882–1888)"><img alt="Museum of the Home, Aesthetical Interior (1882–1888)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Late_19th_century_interior_design%2C_Museum_of_the_Home.jpg/120px-Late_19th_century_interior_design%2C_Museum_of_the_Home.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Late_19th_century_interior_design%2C_Museum_of_the_Home.jpg/180px-Late_19th_century_interior_design%2C_Museum_of_the_Home.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Late_19th_century_interior_design%2C_Museum_of_the_Home.jpg/240px-Late_19th_century_interior_design%2C_Museum_of_the_Home.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Museum of the Home, Aesthetical Interior (1882–1888)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Steps_to_Maruyama_by_Alfred_East.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="East, Steps to Maruyama (1888)"><img alt="East, Steps to Maruyama (1888)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Steps_to_Maruyama_by_Alfred_East.jpg/79px-Steps_to_Maruyama_by_Alfred_East.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Steps_to_Maruyama_by_Alfred_East.jpg/119px-Steps_to_Maruyama_by_Alfred_East.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Steps_to_Maruyama_by_Alfred_East.jpg/158px-Steps_to_Maruyama_by_Alfred_East.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1982" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_East" title="Alfred East">East</a>, <i>Steps to Maruyama</i> (1888)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1890–1899:_Class_consciousness"><span id="1890.E2.80.931899:_Class_consciousness"></span>1890–1899: Class consciousness</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1890–1899: Class consciousness"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 1890s, the Anglo-Japanese was at the height of its popularity, with the middle classes in Victorian Britain also began to begin collecting and buying Japanese imports and Anglo-Japanese style designs and pieces.<sup id="cite_ref-auto6_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto6-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1890 the Bowes Museum of Japanese Art Work in Liverpool opening;<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Magazine_of_Art" title="The Magazine of Art">The Magazine of Art</a></i> under <a href="/wiki/Marion_Harry_Spielmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Marion Harry Spielmann">Marion Harry Spielmann</a> a number of articles were also published regarding Japanese art in the decade.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two years prior, the painter <a href="/wiki/Mortimer_Menpes" title="Mortimer Menpes">Mortimer Menpes</a> had travelled to Japan. Whilst there, Menpes developed a fascination with the architectural and decorative arts and upon return to London in 1889, had his home 'decorated in the Japanese style' by the architect <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Heygate_Mackmurdo" title="Arthur Heygate Mackmurdo">Arthur Heygate Mackmurdo</a> at 25 <a href="/wiki/Cadogan_Gardens" title="Cadogan Gardens">Cadogan Gardens</a>, London by 1890.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Menpes issued an Osaka-based Japanese company to furnish his home with stained curved wood panelling, traditionally seen in <a href="/wiki/Japanese_castle" title="Japanese castle">Shiro</a> interiors or <a href="/wiki/Cornice" title="Cornice">cornicing</a> with gold detailing; based on <a href="/wiki/Lacquerware" title="Lacquerware">Japanese lacquer</a>, installed Kunmiko Ramma (decorative latticed ventilation screens), double-sided Anglo-Japanese window frames and employed typical minimal decoration. Furniture was also imported from Europe and Japan, with European chairs, sofa's and woven tapestries, simplistic 'Japanese character' drawers and cabinets, bronze and paper lanterns and lighting fixtures and porcelain jars which Menpes collaborated with Japanese potters on whilst in Japan. </p> <dl><dd>"Mr. Menpes, by his free application of gold and colours and by his display in European fashion of numerous ornaments, has rather gone beyond Japanese custom in domestic interiors, ... as he has wished to adapt from rather than slavishly imitate the prototype. ... there is a growing feeling in the minds of many, and especially among those to whom the question of expense is not of paramount importance, that a house, to be in the highest sense an artistic house, should contain no decorations but those made by the hands of man, and especially adapted to their surroundings. Let ornament be used as sparingly as may be desired, but whatever there is of it, let it be of the best. Plain structural forms and plain surfaces add to rather than detract from the beauty of a house, provided their proportions are duly considered and that they are so placed that they relieve in effect some object of consummate decorative value." <a href="/wiki/The_Studio_(magazine)" title="The Studio (magazine)"><i>The Studio</i></a> #17 (1899)<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>In 1891, the <a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Society_of_the_UK" title="The Japan Society of the UK">Japan Society</a> was founded, and began to disseminate the writings of British <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/useofwoodinjapan00japa/page/194/mode/2up?q=art%7C-">expatriates</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Gowland" title="William Gowland">who had worked within Japan</a>, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/metalsmetalworki00gowl/page/n2/mode/1up?%7C-">writings on Japanese art</a>, on topics such as Japanese woodwork, metalwork and Japanese artists <a href="/wiki/Toyokuni_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyokuni I">Toyokuni I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiroshige" title="Hiroshige">Hiroshige</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyosai" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyosai">Kyosai</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Kano_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Kano School">Kano School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contemporary Japanese art critics also published with the society such as <a href="/wiki/Yone_Noguchi" title="Yone Noguchi">Yone Noguchi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Okakura_Kakuz%C5%8D" title="Okakura Kakuzō">Okakura Kakuzō</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Silver" title="Arthur Silver">Arthur Silver</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rottman,_Strome,_and_Co&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rottman, Strome, and Co (page does not exist)">Rottman, Strome, and Co</a> began using the <a href="/wiki/Ise_katagami" title="Ise katagami">Ise katagami</a> technique to make <a href="/wiki/Wallpaper" title="Wallpaper">wallpaper</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_White_Tuer" title="Andrew White Tuer">Andrew White Tuer</a> also publishes information on katagami stencilling, promoted in England as sanitary 'leather paper' in his <i>Book of Delightful and Strange Designs, Being One Hundred Facsimile Illustrations of the Art of the Japanese Stencil Cutter</i> (1892).<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furniture in the Anglo Japanese style was also reported by this time to have begun to use Mother-of-Pearl-inlay, a traditionally Japanese material made in Japan and imported for the British market.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Allen_William_Seaby" class="mw-redirect" title="Allen William Seaby">Allen William Seaby</a>, pupil of Fletchley at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Reading" title="University of Reading">University of Reading</a> begins to study Japanese woodblock printing. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mikado_Ricketts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Mikado_Ricketts.jpg/220px-Mikado_Ricketts.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Mikado_Ricketts.jpg/330px-Mikado_Ricketts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Mikado_Ricketts.jpg/440px-Mikado_Ricketts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="847" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ricketts" title="Charles Ricketts">Ricketts</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Mikado" title="The Mikado">The Mikado</a> designs</figcaption></figure> <p>One notable example from the decade of the move into the modern style includes <a href="/wiki/Aubrey_Beardsley" title="Aubrey Beardsley">Aubrey Beardsley</a>, who intertwined the influence of what was termed in England the Modern Style with Japanese woodblock prints (such as Hokusai's Manga, made from 1814 to 1878) to form an English adaptation of the 'grotesque effects which the Japanese convention allowed' of presenting illustration in the Salome (1893) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Yellow_Book" title="The Yellow Book">The Yellow Book</a></i> (1894–1897), particularly his 'Bon-Mots of Sydney Smith' (1893) illustrations. He was known to have received a copy of <a href="/wiki/Shunga" title="Shunga">shunga</a> by the artist <a href="/wiki/Utamaro" title="Utamaro">Utamaro</a> from <a href="/wiki/William_Rothenstein" title="William Rothenstein">William Rothenstein</a> which heavily influenced Beardsley's own erotic imagery, being first introduced to Japanese woodblock prints during his lunch hours working in Frederick Evan's <a href="/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn">Holborn</a> bookstore circa 1889. Beardsley was drawn to the Japanese sensibility of depicting the nude human body by being open to nudity and depicting this humorously, rejecting Victorian notions of how the body should be depicted in art.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As well as the 'asymmetrical distribution of masses, ... absence of compactness, space, or light and shadow' amongst the 'curved lines' of the Peacock skirt.<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ricketts" title="Charles Ricketts">Charles Ricketts</a> also showcased the influence of Japanese line art in Wilde's 1891 <i>House of Pomegranates</i> which used Peacock and crocus blooms which 'appear in uniform rows like a repeated wallpaper pattern' (such as in the aesthetical merit of Voysey) and the 'asymmetrical construction of the page [, bookcover and illustration]' design; drawing also from nature; and in his proportions for the 1894 Wilde publication of the Sphinx which also predated the early form of English-Japanese influences of the Modern Style.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The forms of waves in House of Pomegranates is also heavily reminiscent of Hokusai's woodblock prints. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Japanese_House_in_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Menpes, London 'Japanese-House' Interior (c. 1890)"><img alt="Menpes, London 'Japanese-House' Interior (c. 1890)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/The_Japanese_House_in_London.jpg/90px-The_Japanese_House_in_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/The_Japanese_House_in_London.jpg/134px-The_Japanese_House_in_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/The_Japanese_House_in_London.jpg/179px-The_Japanese_House_in_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="538" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mortimer_Menpes" title="Mortimer Menpes">Menpes</a>, London 'Japanese-House' Interior (c. 1890)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Ricketts_Pomegranate_book_binding_design_1891.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ricketts Pomegranate frontispiece design (1891)"><img alt="Ricketts Pomegranate frontispiece design (1891)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Charles_Ricketts_Pomegranate_book_binding_design_1891.jpg/99px-Charles_Ricketts_Pomegranate_book_binding_design_1891.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Charles_Ricketts_Pomegranate_book_binding_design_1891.jpg/148px-Charles_Ricketts_Pomegranate_book_binding_design_1891.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Charles_Ricketts_Pomegranate_book_binding_design_1891.jpg/198px-Charles_Ricketts_Pomegranate_book_binding_design_1891.jpg 2x" data-file-width="563" data-file-height="683" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ricketts" title="Charles Ricketts">Ricketts</a> Pomegranate frontispiece design (1891)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beardsley-peacockskirt.PNG" class="mw-file-description" title="Beardsley, Peacock-skirt Illustration (1892)"><img alt="Beardsley, Peacock-skirt Illustration (1892)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Beardsley-peacockskirt.PNG/86px-Beardsley-peacockskirt.PNG" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Beardsley-peacockskirt.PNG/129px-Beardsley-peacockskirt.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Beardsley-peacockskirt.PNG/172px-Beardsley-peacockskirt.PNG 2x" data-file-width="3545" data-file-height="4941" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Aubrey_Beardsley" title="Aubrey Beardsley">Beardsley</a>, Peacock-skirt Illustration (1892)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_1893_Katagami_wallpaper_stencil.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tuer, Katagami wallpaper stencil (1893)"><img alt="Tuer, Katagami wallpaper stencil (1893)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/British_1893_Katagami_wallpaper_stencil.jpg/120px-British_1893_Katagami_wallpaper_stencil.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/British_1893_Katagami_wallpaper_stencil.jpg/180px-British_1893_Katagami_wallpaper_stencil.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/British_1893_Katagami_wallpaper_stencil.jpg/240px-British_1893_Katagami_wallpaper_stencil.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_White_Tuer" title="Andrew White Tuer">Tuer</a>, Katagami wallpaper stencil (1893)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wilde_1894.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ricketts, Sphinx design (1894)"><img alt="Ricketts, Sphinx design (1894)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Wilde_1894.jpg/92px-Wilde_1894.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Wilde_1894.jpg/138px-Wilde_1894.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Wilde_1894.jpg/184px-Wilde_1894.jpg 2x" data-file-width="332" data-file-height="432" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ricketts, Sphinx design (1894)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Francis_Annesley_Voysey_-_Tulip_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Voysey, Liberty Wallpaper (1893–95)"><img alt="Voysey, Liberty Wallpaper (1893–95)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Charles_Francis_Annesley_Voysey_-_Tulip_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/75px-Charles_Francis_Annesley_Voysey_-_Tulip_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Charles_Francis_Annesley_Voysey_-_Tulip_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/112px-Charles_Francis_Annesley_Voysey_-_Tulip_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Charles_Francis_Annesley_Voysey_-_Tulip_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/149px-Charles_Francis_Annesley_Voysey_-_Tulip_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2180" data-file-height="3501" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/C._F._A._Voysey" title="C. F. A. Voysey">Voysey</a>, Liberty Wallpaper (1893–95)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1900–1925:_Modernism_and_bilateral_exchange"><span id="1900.E2.80.931925:_Modernism_and_bilateral_exchange"></span>1900–1925: Modernism and bilateral exchange</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 1900–1925: Modernism and bilateral exchange"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Berkley_Sq,_London_W1_(25954583006).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Berkley_Sq%2C_London_W1_%2825954583006%29.jpg/220px-Berkley_Sq%2C_London_W1_%2825954583006%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Berkley_Sq%2C_London_W1_%2825954583006%29.jpg/330px-Berkley_Sq%2C_London_W1_%2825954583006%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Berkley_Sq%2C_London_W1_%2825954583006%29.jpg/440px-Berkley_Sq%2C_London_W1_%2825954583006%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1527" /></a><figcaption>Landsdowne House where 1902 Treaty was signed</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1902, with the signing of the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_Alliance" title="Anglo-Japanese Alliance">Anglo-Japanese Alliance</a>, Japan gained <a href="/wiki/Great_power" title="Great power">great power</a> status in the eyes of British foreign policy-makers and along with 'progressive' <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">industrialisation</a>, Japanese influence became more pronounced, particularly with regard to the ship building industry in Glasgow.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, British society began to exchange further with this fellow industrialised nation, exchanging ideas on Art, Aesthetics (particularly compositional) and academic bilateral exchange so that by the end of the 1910s, with this industrial, educational and academically driven shift, bilateral cultural exchange replaced the one-way Anglo-Japanese Style by way of greater cultural understanding of Japanese Art and its history, certainly among academics and publicly available national museums, and notable Japanese art figures, scholars and critics. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Liberty's_and_the_Modern_Style;_1900–1915"><span id="Liberty.27s_and_the_Modern_Style.3B_1900.E2.80.931915"></span>Liberty's and the Modern Style; 1900–1915</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Liberty's and the Modern Style; 1900–1915"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1880_liberty_advertisement.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/1880_liberty_advertisement.png/220px-1880_liberty_advertisement.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="350" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/1880_liberty_advertisement.png 1.5x" data-file-width="273" data-file-height="434" /></a><figcaption>Liberty Advertisement (1880)</figcaption></figure> <p>By 1901, Liberty Style began to flourish in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. This derived from a number of Japanese, Greek, Celtic and Renaissance themes, 'with those Japanese elements appealing to English sensibilities: asymmetry, simplicity, sensitivity to medium, and ... modest materials', which 'attained international popularity and came to epitomize British <a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a>' (also known as the modern style in England). First in England, with Liberty's rejection of the Aestheticism movements art principles of Art for Arts sake as poor design, favouring good design in mass manufacturing formats.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the influence of Mackintosh, and the design department's simplicity or vacui of design seen in the works of <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Knox_(designer)" title="Archibald Knox (designer)">Archibald Knox</a>, Arthur Silver, C F A Voysey and the popularity of the blend of Japanese and Celtic motif Mackintosh introduced in Europe, Japanese art aesthetic continued to influence and instill itself into the British design schools. Japanese influence was accepted among influences into the modern style from the time Liberty first began importing Japanese goods in the 1860s as 'England not only preceded other countries by several decades in accepting the example offered by Japan, but also underwent its influence over a much longer period' culminating for Liberty in eventually what became the modern style in England, taking from Japanese design the refined elegance inherent in the sparsity of Japanese design.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Otto_Eckmann" title="Otto Eckmann">Otto Eckmann</a> noted in the period that 'only England knew how to assimilate and transform this wealth of new ideas and to adapt them to its innate national character, thus deriving real profit from the Japanese style' in his preface to a series on <i>Jugendstil</i>; these decorative Japanese influenced Liberty textiles had thus become extremely popular in Germany; in Italy the style was known as Stile Liberty after the fabric designs of Liberty's, and seen in the <a href="/wiki/Prima_Esposizione_Internazionale_d%27Arte_Decorativa_Moderna" title="Prima Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte Decorativa Moderna">Turin 1902 Exhibition</a> and work of <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Bugatti" title="Carlo Bugatti">Carlo Bugatti</a>. So in England, the Modern Style thus emerged in this melding of cultural motif, and also emerged in the works Ricketts for Wilde and of Beardsley in the last years of his life, inspired by Utamaro prints.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Japanese interior design is also heavily prominent in the works of Charles Voysey, and shared with Mackintosh for their 'abastraction ... of new and individual approaches to the design of interior space'. Seen most heavily in his wallpaper designs which reduced ornamental and decorative elements, Voysey declared he wished in his design to start by 'getting rid of useless ornament and burning the modish finery which disfigures our furniture and our household utensils ... [and] to cut down the number of patterns and [colours] in one room.' The influence on his interiors can be seen in <a href="/wiki/Garden_Corner" title="Garden Corner">Horniman House</a> from 1906 to 1907.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Garden_design;_1901–1910"><span id="Garden_design.3B_1901.E2.80.931910"></span>Garden design; 1901–1910</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Garden design; 1901–1910"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Japanese_stone_lantern_and_dwarf_wistaria_at_Friar_Park,_Henley-on-Thames-14777963305.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Japanese_stone_lantern_and_dwarf_wistaria_at_Friar_Park%2C_Henley-on-Thames-14777963305.jpg/220px-Japanese_stone_lantern_and_dwarf_wistaria_at_Friar_Park%2C_Henley-on-Thames-14777963305.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Japanese_stone_lantern_and_dwarf_wistaria_at_Friar_Park%2C_Henley-on-Thames-14777963305.jpg/330px-Japanese_stone_lantern_and_dwarf_wistaria_at_Friar_Park%2C_Henley-on-Thames-14777963305.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Japanese_stone_lantern_and_dwarf_wistaria_at_Friar_Park%2C_Henley-on-Thames-14777963305.jpg/440px-Japanese_stone_lantern_and_dwarf_wistaria_at_Friar_Park%2C_Henley-on-Thames-14777963305.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1740" data-file-height="1312" /></a><figcaption>Stone lantern and dwarf wistaria at Friar Park, Henley-on-Thames (c. 1899, by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Crisp" title="Frank Crisp">Frank Crisp</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>With this appreciation of Japan came an influx of interest also in the appreciation of Japanese garden design. The first acclaimed Japanese garden is often cited as having popularised the style was <a href="/wiki/Leopold_de_Rothschild" title="Leopold de Rothschild">Leopold de Rothschild</a> Japanese bamboo garden opened at Gunnersby Estate in West London in 1901. In 1903 <a href="/wiki/Reginald_Farrer" title="Reginald Farrer">Reginald Farrer</a> popularised the rock gardening style affiliated by English gardeners with <a href="/wiki/Zen" title="Zen">Zen</a> gardens further in his writings. In 1908 this was furthered by the Scottish design proffered by <a href="/wiki/Taki_Handa" title="Taki Handa">Taki Handa</a>. The Japanese garden at <a href="/wiki/Tatton_Park" title="Tatton Park">Tatton Park</a> is an example of Anglo-Japanese gardening style. Common elements include 'stone lanterns, the use of large rocks and pebbles, stone bowls of water, and decorative shrubs and flowers like acers, azaleas and lilies' and 'red painted bridges'. The 1910 Floating Isle Garden particularly reinforced these elements in the style.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although elements of traditional <a href="/wiki/Japanese_garden" title="Japanese garden">Japanese garden</a> design was incorporated, many <a href="/wiki/English_garden" class="mw-redirect" title="English garden">English garden</a> elements flowed into the overall appearance as well.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1910 the Japanese garden had become a popular fixture such as at <a href="/wiki/Hascombe_Court" title="Hascombe Court">Hascombe Court</a> by <a href="/wiki/Percy_Cane" class="mw-redirect" title="Percy Cane">Percy Cane</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Tunnard" title="Christopher Tunnard">Christopher Tunnard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bilateral_artisanal_exchange;_1901–1923"><span id="Bilateral_artisanal_exchange.3B_1901.E2.80.931923"></span>Bilateral artisanal exchange; 1901–1923</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bilateral artisanal exchange; 1901–1923"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1902 Japanese Whitechapel Exhibition was favourably reviewed by Charles Lewis Hind, however <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Binyon" title="Laurence Binyon">Laurence Binyon</a> noted the exhibition was lacking and that 'some day a loan exhibition may be formed which shall at least adumbrate the range and history of that [Japanese] art'.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Ricketts" title="Charles Ricketts">Charles Ricketts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Haslewood_Shannon" title="Charles Haslewood Shannon">Charles Haslewood Shannon</a> donate their Japanese collection of Harunobu, Utagawa and Hokusai woodblock prints to the British Museum in this period.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Burlington_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Burlington Magazine">Burlington Magazine</a></i> was established in 1903 and with Charles Holmes editing the magazine, a number of articles on Japanese art were being published in the periodical, as well as in <i><a href="/wiki/English_Illustrated_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="English Illustrated Magazine">English Illustrated Magazine</a></i> in 1904. </p><p>In 1905, <a href="/wiki/Kokka" title="Kokka">Kokka</a> began to be published in English. In 1906, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Sime" title="Sidney Sime">Sidney Sime</a> produced a number of illustrated works for <a href="/wiki/Edward_Plunkett,_18th_Baron_of_Dunsany" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany">Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany</a> the <a href="/wiki/Time_and_the_Gods" title="Time and the Gods">Time and the Gods</a> (1906). Dunsany was familiar with Japanese theatre and introduced Sime to a number of the conventions, which can be seen evident particularly in these illustrations, such as the stooping postures and placement of figures, and fore and backgrounds application of <a href="/wiki/Stippling" title="Stippling">stippling</a> combined with wave forms commonly seen in 19th century Japanese kimono for example.<sup id="cite_ref-auto8_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto8-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Eric_Slater" title="Eric Slater">Eric Slater</a>, taught by Fletcher and inspired by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Rigden_Read&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Rigden Read (page does not exist)">Arthur Rigden Read</a> began to make Japanese woodcut prints as well. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vase_de_Kawade_Shibataro_(Mus%C3%A9e_Guimet,_Paris)_(44140154660).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Vase_de_Kawade_Shibataro_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Guimet%2C_Paris%29_%2844140154660%29.jpg/220px-Vase_de_Kawade_Shibataro_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Guimet%2C_Paris%29_%2844140154660%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Vase_de_Kawade_Shibataro_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Guimet%2C_Paris%29_%2844140154660%29.jpg/330px-Vase_de_Kawade_Shibataro_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Guimet%2C_Paris%29_%2844140154660%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Vase_de_Kawade_Shibataro_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Guimet%2C_Paris%29_%2844140154660%29.jpg/440px-Vase_de_Kawade_Shibataro_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Guimet%2C_Paris%29_%2844140154660%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3421" data-file-height="5132" /></a><figcaption>Vase exhibited in 1910 at Shepherds Bush Exhibition</figcaption></figure> <p>In particular, painting and illustration were further elaborated on at this time. Japanese art critic Seiichi Taki (1873–1945) noted in Studio Magazine; how Occidental and Oriental painting regarded the subject matter of painting in expressing an idea to an audience as important; but that they differed in their outcomes and execution by how the western style of painting lays 'stress on [the] objective, and the other [(Japanese)] on subjective ideas'. Taki noted that in Western painting focused heavily on a singular object, such as framing the human body to be the sole focal point of attention in a painting, 'in Japanese pictures, flowers, birds, landscapes, even withered trees and lifeless rocks' are given these points of focal interest; such that the execution of for example a Byobu screen is not draw the eye to one part of the painting, but to all parts of it such it created in the picture as a whole as 'microcosmically complete.'<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Fry" title="Roger Fry">Roger Fry</a> also noted how European artists had begun to forget <a href="/wiki/Chiaroscuro" title="Chiaroscuro">Chiaroscuro</a> in favour of the Eastern style of what Binyon termed <i>sensuosness</i>; or the 'rejection of light and shade'. Fry noted in 1910 how Chinese and Japanese art "rejected light and shade as belonging primarily to the sculptor's art" concluding "certain broad effects of lighted and shaded atmosphere, effects of mist, of night, and of twilight, they have for six centuries shown the way which only quite modern European art has begun to follow."<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag-of-Japan-Postcard-1910-Exhibition.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag-of-Japan-Postcard-1910-Exhibition.png/220px-Flag-of-Japan-Postcard-1910-Exhibition.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag-of-Japan-Postcard-1910-Exhibition.png/330px-Flag-of-Japan-Postcard-1910-Exhibition.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag-of-Japan-Postcard-1910-Exhibition.png/440px-Flag-of-Japan-Postcard-1910-Exhibition.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="759" /></a><figcaption>Exhibition Postcard 1910</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93British_Exhibition" title="Japan–British Exhibition">Japan–British Exhibition</a> occurred in 1910, where Japan loaned a number of its art and industrial objects to the UK. During this decade though, the style would come to a close as academics and public museums had begun to fully appreciate and exchange more fully with living artisans and the Japanese community in the UK (between 500 and 1000 people at this time) who had arrived for the 1910 exhibition. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harry_Allen_(potter)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harry Allen (potter) (page does not exist)">Harry Allen</a> (fl. 1910–1925) also designed a number of blue Titianian Vases decorated in Anglo-Japanese motifs such as the <a href="/wiki/Red-crowned_crane" title="Red-crowned crane">Red-crowned crane</a> or Peacock and Matsu pine leaves for Royal Doulton.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1913, when Binyon took over the Japanese section of the Oriental Department at the British Museum, he along with Rothenstein, Morrison, Ricketts and Sazlewood had formed a literary and arts based circle of collectors of Japanese prints. Binyon radically helped to improve the quality of the department, and thus helped the general understanding of the depth and variety of Japanese painting styles known by the general public. Ricketts particularly enjoyed the <a href="/wiki/Ogata_K%C5%8Drin" title="Ogata Kōrin">Korin</a> <a href="/wiki/Rinpa_school" title="Rinpa school">or Rinpa</a> style of painting.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Binyon's published works also helped to showcase a new Oriental based worldview, rather than espousing a <a href="/wiki/Eurocentrism" title="Eurocentrism">eurocentric</a> one;<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for example Binyon explains how the 'Japanese look to China as we look to Italy and Greece : [that] for them it is the classic land, the source from which their art has drawn not only methods, materials, and principles of design, but an endless variety of theme and motive.'<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>My chief concern has been, not to discuss questions of authorship or archaeology, but to inquire what aesthetic value and significance these Eastern paintings possess for us in the West – Binyon (1913)</p></blockquote> <p>With the advent of the further academic understanding of Japanese aesthetics, the Anglo-Japanese style ended, morphing into Modernism with the death of the 'Japan Craze' and Japanese art objects having become permanent parts of European and American Museum collections. Particularly this is noticeable in the sparsity or plain backgrounds in the work of Charles Rennie Mackintosh and the stage and costume design of <a href="/wiki/Edward_Gordon_Craig" title="Edward Gordon Craig">Edward Gordon Craig</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Leach" title="Bernard Leach">Bernard Leach</a> also helped to inspire a return to more traditional craftsmanship in Japan with the <a href="/wiki/Mingei" title="Mingei">Mingei</a> movement in Japan and on pottery in England for <a href="/wiki/William_Staite_Murray" title="William Staite Murray">William Staite Murray</a> in his choice of materials.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Christopher_Dresser_-_Sidewall_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dresser; Side-wallpaper Design (c. 1880–1904)"><img alt="Dresser; Side-wallpaper Design (c. 1880–1904)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Christopher_Dresser_-_Sidewall_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/47px-Christopher_Dresser_-_Sidewall_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="47" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Christopher_Dresser_-_Sidewall_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/71px-Christopher_Dresser_-_Sidewall_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Christopher_Dresser_-_Sidewall_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/94px-Christopher_Dresser_-_Sidewall_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2632" data-file-height="6683" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Dresser" title="Christopher Dresser">Dresser</a>; Side-wallpaper Design (c. 1880–1904)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Dirge_of_Shimono_Kani.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sime, The Dirge of Shimono Kani (1906)"><img alt="Sime, The Dirge of Shimono Kani (1906)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/The_Dirge_of_Shimono_Kani.jpg/81px-The_Dirge_of_Shimono_Kani.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/The_Dirge_of_Shimono_Kani.jpg/122px-The_Dirge_of_Shimono_Kani.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/The_Dirge_of_Shimono_Kani.jpg/162px-The_Dirge_of_Shimono_Kani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="487" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Sime" title="Sidney Sime">Sime</a>, <i>The Dirge of Shimono Kani</i> (1906)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tatton_Park_gardens_2009-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tatton's Tatton Park, built in the Anglo-Japanese style (c. 1910–1911)"><img alt="Tatton's Tatton Park, built in the Anglo-Japanese style (c. 1910–1911)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Tatton_Park_gardens_2009-1.jpg/120px-Tatton_Park_gardens_2009-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Tatton_Park_gardens_2009-1.jpg/180px-Tatton_Park_gardens_2009-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Tatton_Park_gardens_2009-1.jpg/240px-Tatton_Park_gardens_2009-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Egerton,_3rd_Baron_Egerton" title="Alan Egerton, 3rd Baron Egerton">Tatton's</a> <a href="/wiki/Tatton_Park" title="Tatton Park">Tatton Park</a>, built in the Anglo-Japanese style (c. 1910–1911)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Japanese_Girl_Jacob_Kramer_(1892%E2%80%931962).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kramer, A Japanese Girl (1918)"><img alt="Kramer, A Japanese Girl (1918)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/A_Japanese_Girl_Jacob_Kramer_%281892%E2%80%931962%29.jpg/98px-A_Japanese_Girl_Jacob_Kramer_%281892%E2%80%931962%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/A_Japanese_Girl_Jacob_Kramer_%281892%E2%80%931962%29.jpg/147px-A_Japanese_Girl_Jacob_Kramer_%281892%E2%80%931962%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/A_Japanese_Girl_Jacob_Kramer_%281892%E2%80%931962%29.jpg/196px-A_Japanese_Girl_Jacob_Kramer_%281892%E2%80%931962%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="773" data-file-height="944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Kramer" title="Jacob Kramer">Kramer</a>, A Japanese Girl (1918)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Square_bottles_by_Hamada_Shoji_1950-1960_Mashiko_Japan_stoneware_with_iron_glaze_(364587418).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hamada Shoji Mashiko stoneware with iron glaze bottles (1950-1960)"><img alt="Hamada Shoji Mashiko stoneware with iron glaze bottles (1950-1960)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Square_bottles_by_Hamada_Shoji_1950-1960_Mashiko_Japan_stoneware_with_iron_glaze_%28364587418%29.jpg/90px-Square_bottles_by_Hamada_Shoji_1950-1960_Mashiko_Japan_stoneware_with_iron_glaze_%28364587418%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Square_bottles_by_Hamada_Shoji_1950-1960_Mashiko_Japan_stoneware_with_iron_glaze_%28364587418%29.jpg/135px-Square_bottles_by_Hamada_Shoji_1950-1960_Mashiko_Japan_stoneware_with_iron_glaze_%28364587418%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Square_bottles_by_Hamada_Shoji_1950-1960_Mashiko_Japan_stoneware_with_iron_glaze_%28364587418%29.jpg/180px-Square_bottles_by_Hamada_Shoji_1950-1960_Mashiko_Japan_stoneware_with_iron_glaze_%28364587418%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hamada_Shoji" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamada Shoji">Hamada Shoji</a> Mashiko stoneware with iron glaze bottles (1950-1960)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Japanese_enclave">The Japanese enclave</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: The Japanese enclave"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Part of the new bilateral cultural exchange which replaced the one-way Anglo-Japanese style by way of greater cultural understanding of Japanese art and its history, came from the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Japanese in the United Kingdom">Japanese community</a> itself in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>. </p><p>For example, in 1900, <a href="/wiki/Sadajir%C5%8D_Yamanaka" title="Sadajirō Yamanaka">Sadajirō Yamanaka</a> open his London Branch of Yamanaka and Co. By 1902, a Japanese exhibition opened in <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel">Whitechapel</a>, London, in which <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lewis_Hind" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Lewis Hind">Charles Lewis Hind</a> reviewed the <a href="/wiki/Watercolour" class="mw-redirect" title="Watercolour">watercolours</a> of the Japanese artist working in London <a href="/wiki/Yoshio_Markino" title="Yoshio Markino">Yoshio Markino</a>. Markino would go on to become a successful illustrator in Edwardian Britain, publishing illustrated works such as <i>The Colour of London</i>(1907) and <i>A Japanese Artist in London</i>(1910).<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The writer <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Sladen" title="Douglas Sladen">Douglas Sladen</a> also frequently collaborated with Markino in his publications. Between 1907 and 1910, Wakana Utagawa visits London to train in watercolour painting and showcase her traditional Japanese brush paintings. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_the_Artist_Henry_by_Hara_Busho_(1866-1912),_1907,_oil_on_canvas_-_Tokyo_National_Museum_-_DSC05563.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portrait_of_the_Artist_Henry_by_Hara_Busho_%281866-1912%29%2C_1907%2C_oil_on_canvas_-_Tokyo_National_Museum_-_DSC05563.JPG/220px-Portrait_of_the_Artist_Henry_by_Hara_Busho_%281866-1912%29%2C_1907%2C_oil_on_canvas_-_Tokyo_National_Museum_-_DSC05563.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="327" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portrait_of_the_Artist_Henry_by_Hara_Busho_%281866-1912%29%2C_1907%2C_oil_on_canvas_-_Tokyo_National_Museum_-_DSC05563.JPG/330px-Portrait_of_the_Artist_Henry_by_Hara_Busho_%281866-1912%29%2C_1907%2C_oil_on_canvas_-_Tokyo_National_Museum_-_DSC05563.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portrait_of_the_Artist_Henry_by_Hara_Busho_%281866-1912%29%2C_1907%2C_oil_on_canvas_-_Tokyo_National_Museum_-_DSC05563.JPG/440px-Portrait_of_the_Artist_Henry_by_Hara_Busho_%281866-1912%29%2C_1907%2C_oil_on_canvas_-_Tokyo_National_Museum_-_DSC05563.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3518" data-file-height="5225" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of the Artist Henry by Hara Busho (1907)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1911, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Brangwyn" title="Frank Brangwyn">Frank Brangwyn</a> had begun to collaborate with various Japanese artists such as <a href="/wiki/Ryuson_Chuzo_Matsuyama" title="Ryuson Chuzo Matsuyama">Ryuson Chuzo Matsuyama</a> working in Edwardian England on woodblock printing techniques. Then in 1915, the Yamanaka gallery in London hosted the British Red Cross Loan Exhibition. These businessmen, taking advantage of improved international relations, set up shop in Europe and America. Dealers such as Tonying, C. T. Loo (q.v.) and Yamanaka all began to sell East Asian objects directly to Western collectors.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Caption text </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Artist</th> <th>Start of activity in the UK</th> <th>End of activity in the UK </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Busho_Hara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Busho Hara (page does not exist)">Busho Hara</a></td> <td>1907</td> <td>1912 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ryuson_Chuzo_Matsuyama" title="Ryuson Chuzo Matsuyama">Ryuson Chuzo Matsuyama</a></td> <td>1911</td> <td>1947 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ishibashi_Kazunori" title="Ishibashi Kazunori">Ishibashi Kazunori</a></td> <td>1903</td> <td>1924 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Urushibara_Mokuchu" title="Urushibara Mokuchu">Urushibara Mokuchu</a></td> <td>1908</td> <td>1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamisaka_Sekka" title="Kamisaka Sekka">Kamisaka Sekka</a></td> <td>1901</td> <td>1908 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yoshio_Markino" title="Yoshio Markino">Yoshio Markino</a></td> <td>1897</td> <td>1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wakana_Utagawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wakana Utagawa (page does not exist)">Wakana Utagawa</a></td> <td>1907</td> <td>1910 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scotland">Scotland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Scotland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1870–1879:_Glasgow_Exhibition"><span id="1870.E2.80.931879:_Glasgow_Exhibition"></span>1870–1879: Glasgow Exhibition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 1870–1879: Glasgow Exhibition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1878_Chiyo-gami_design.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/1878_Chiyo-gami_design.jpg/220px-1878_Chiyo-gami_design.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/1878_Chiyo-gami_design.jpg/330px-1878_Chiyo-gami_design.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/1878_Chiyo-gami_design.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="287" /></a><figcaption>Chiyo-gami paper design exhibited in Glasgow (1878)</figcaption></figure> <p>In Glasgow, the November 1878 Glasgow Japan Exchange occurs where art goods are traded bilaterally, including 1000 various 'architectural pieces, furniture, wood and lacquer ware, musical instruments, ceramics, metalwork, textiles and costume and paper samples' publicly shown between 1881 and 1882.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bruce James Talbert is also inspired to make Japanese inspired furniture and wallpapers and furnishing fabrics. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yesso_furnishing_fabric_1870.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yesso furnishing fabric (1870)"><img alt="Yesso furnishing fabric (1870)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Yesso_furnishing_fabric_1870.jpg/120px-Yesso_furnishing_fabric_1870.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Yesso_furnishing_fabric_1870.jpg/180px-Yesso_furnishing_fabric_1870.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Yesso_furnishing_fabric_1870.jpg/240px-Yesso_furnishing_fabric_1870.jpg 2x" data-file-width="355" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Yesso furnishing fabric (1870)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1880–1889"><span id="1880.E2.80.931889"></span>1880–1889</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: 1880–1889"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 1881, the Oriental Art Loan Exhibition opened at the Corporation Galleries, showcasing 1,000 art objects from Japan in Glasgow alongside other objects from Liberty & Co and artifacts from the South Kensington Museum, and was seen by 30,000 spectators. Christopher Dresser gave a lecture on Japanese art at an art gallery in Glasgow in 1882 and Liberty became the investor for Art Furnishers' Alliance established by Dresser. In 1883, Frank Dillon (1823–1909); who had visited Japan in 1876; exhibited <i>The Festival of the Cherry Blossom, Osaka, Japan</i> at the Glasgow Institute. In March 1883, Dresser also visited Glasgow to give a lecture on 'Japanese Art Workmanship'.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Japan also began exhibiting its goods in the UK, separately exhibiting in 1883, 1884, 1885 in London and in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> in 1884.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Alex_Reid_(art_dealer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alex Reid (art dealer)">Alexander Reid</a> was an art dealer who opened an art gallery named "La Sociète des Beaux-Arts" in 1889, being most remembered for being an acquaintance of <a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Vincent van Gogh</a>, they both began to be influenced by Japanese wares in 1887. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1890–1899:_School_of_Art"><span id="1890.E2.80.931899:_School_of_Art"></span>1890–1899: School of Art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: 1890–1899: School of Art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>George Henry and E. A. Hornel, both graduates of <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_School_of_Art" title="Glasgow School of Art">Glasgow School of Art</a>, went on a trip funded by Reid to Japan from 1893 to 1894. Upon their return, they held a lecture and exhibition about the paintings produced as a result of their visit to Japan at the Art Club. The Art Club had just been renovated by Mackintosh in 1893 and had become an important social space for artists in Glasgow. Hornel being a good friend of John Keppie, a partner of Mackintosh being colleagues at the Glasgow School of Art, that Mackintosh may have attended this exhibition and lecture.<sup id="cite_ref-auto9_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto9-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry's lectures thus in 1895 furthered the western interest and narrative in Japanese arts as decorative. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Japanese_Baby_by_George_Henry_1893_(watercolour).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Henry, The Japanese Baby (1893)"><img alt="Henry, The Japanese Baby (1893)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/The_Japanese_Baby_by_George_Henry_1893_%28watercolour%29.jpg/80px-The_Japanese_Baby_by_George_Henry_1893_%28watercolour%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/The_Japanese_Baby_by_George_Henry_1893_%28watercolour%29.jpg/120px-The_Japanese_Baby_by_George_Henry_1893_%28watercolour%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/The_Japanese_Baby_by_George_Henry_1893_%28watercolour%29.jpg/160px-The_Japanese_Baby_by_George_Henry_1893_%28watercolour%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2056" data-file-height="3088" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/George_Henry_(painter)" title="George Henry (painter)">Henry</a>, <i>The Japanese Baby</i> (1893)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Henry-Una_dama_japonesa_con_un_abanico.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Henry, Japanese woman with a fan (1893–1894)"><img alt="Henry, Japanese woman with a fan (1893–1894)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/George_Henry-Una_dama_japonesa_con_un_abanico.jpg/79px-George_Henry-Una_dama_japonesa_con_un_abanico.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/George_Henry-Una_dama_japonesa_con_un_abanico.jpg/119px-George_Henry-Una_dama_japonesa_con_un_abanico.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/George_Henry-Una_dama_japonesa_con_un_abanico.jpg/159px-George_Henry-Una_dama_japonesa_con_un_abanico.jpg 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Henry, <i>Japanese woman with a fan</i> (1893–1894)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Street_Scene,_Tokyo_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hornel, – Street Scene (1894)"><img alt="Hornel, – Street Scene (1894)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Street_Scene%2C_Tokyo_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/75px-Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Street_Scene%2C_Tokyo_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Street_Scene%2C_Tokyo_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/112px-Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Street_Scene%2C_Tokyo_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Street_Scene%2C_Tokyo_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/150px-Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Street_Scene%2C_Tokyo_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3986" data-file-height="6387" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Atkinson_Hornel" title="Edward Atkinson Hornel">Hornel</a>, – <i>Street Scene</i> (1894)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Two_Geisha_Girls_1894.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hornel, Two Geisha Girls (1894)"><img alt="Hornel, Two Geisha Girls (1894)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Two_Geisha_Girls_1894.jpg/76px-Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Two_Geisha_Girls_1894.jpg" decoding="async" width="76" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Two_Geisha_Girls_1894.jpg/114px-Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Two_Geisha_Girls_1894.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Two_Geisha_Girls_1894.jpg/152px-Edward_Atkinson_Hornel_-_Two_Geisha_Girls_1894.jpg 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="740" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hornel, <i>Two Geisha Girls</i> (1894)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Hour-Glass_by_George_Henry.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Henry, The Hour-Glass (c. 1899)"><img alt="Henry, The Hour-Glass (c. 1899)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/The_Hour-Glass_by_George_Henry.jpg/120px-The_Hour-Glass_by_George_Henry.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/The_Hour-Glass_by_George_Henry.jpg/180px-The_Hour-Glass_by_George_Henry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/The_Hour-Glass_by_George_Henry.jpg/240px-The_Hour-Glass_by_George_Henry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="779" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Henry, The Hour-Glass (c. 1899)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1900–1909:_Glasgow_and_the_Modern_Style"><span id="1900.E2.80.931909:_Glasgow_and_the_Modern_Style"></span>1900–1909: Glasgow and the Modern Style</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: 1900–1909: Glasgow and the Modern Style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Les_d%C3%A9cors_symbolistes_de_la_%22Glasgow_School_of_Art%22_(3803687862).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Les_d%C3%A9cors_symbolistes_de_la_%22Glasgow_School_of_Art%22_%283803687862%29.jpg/220px-Les_d%C3%A9cors_symbolistes_de_la_%22Glasgow_School_of_Art%22_%283803687862%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Les_d%C3%A9cors_symbolistes_de_la_%22Glasgow_School_of_Art%22_%283803687862%29.jpg/330px-Les_d%C3%A9cors_symbolistes_de_la_%22Glasgow_School_of_Art%22_%283803687862%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Les_d%C3%A9cors_symbolistes_de_la_%22Glasgow_School_of_Art%22_%283803687862%29.jpg/440px-Les_d%C3%A9cors_symbolistes_de_la_%22Glasgow_School_of_Art%22_%283803687862%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Glasgow School of Art 'Mon' Decorative Metalwork by Mackintosh<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Modern_Style_(British_Art_Nouveau_style)" title="Modern Style (British Art Nouveau style)">Modern Style (British Art Nouveau style)</a></div> <p>Glasgow International Exhibition in 1901 included a Japan Exhibition. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mackintosh_and_Japan">Mackintosh and Japan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Mackintosh and Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mackintosh first became acquainted with Japanese design in 1884 at the Glasgow school of Art, producing a Japanese inspired work in <i>Part Seen, Part Imagined</i> in 1896 shown in the kimono style garment portrayed, and also submitting architectural designs to the Glasgow School of Art inspired by the Mon crests based on 'Kinuo Tanaka's <i>I-Ro-Ha Mon-Cho'</i> (or 1881 edition Catalogue of Mon) and on the 'temporary nature of Japanese <a href="/wiki/Joiner" class="mw-redirect" title="Joiner">joinery</a>'. He is thought to have been introduced to Japonisme by <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Muthesius" title="Hermann Muthesius">Hermann Muthesius</a> in 1897. In turn, he influenced the arts of <a href="/wiki/Siegfried_Bing" title="Siegfried Bing">Siegfried Bing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Klimt" title="Gustav Klimt">Gustav Klimt</a>, with his influence on the European circle of Viennese designers who took inspiration in his blending of Celtic and Japanese motif designs. It is particular noticeable of 'the relationship between Mackintosh and Japan from the interior design of the 120 Mains Street flat' of 1900 and in his kimono cabinet (c. 1906).<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notably, 'Japan has played an important role in triggering [the] ideas of modernism, when [Mackintosh also] attracted most attention' at the turn of the 20th century in his designs in Continental Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-auto9_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto9-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States">United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the United States, early appreciation of the Anglo-Japanese style was also transferred over in the posthumous publications of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Locke_Eastlake" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Locke Eastlake">Charles Locke Eastlake</a>'s <i>Hints on Household Taste</i> (first published in 1868). </p> <blockquote><p><i>When I look into the windows of a fashionable establishment devoted to decorative art, and see the monstrosities which are daily offered to the public in the name of taste ... which pass for ornament in the nineteenth century – I cannot help thinking how much we might learn from those nations whose art it has long been our custom to despise[, such as] from the half-civilised craftsmen of Japan</i><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The Aesthetics brought Japanese influences to the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the glass and silverwork by <a href="/wiki/Louis_Comfort_Tiffany" title="Louis Comfort Tiffany">Louis Comfort Tiffany</a>, textiles and wallpaper by <a href="/wiki/Candace_Wheeler" title="Candace Wheeler">Candace Wheeler</a>, and the furniture of <a href="/wiki/Kimbel_%26_Cabus" title="Kimbel & Cabus">Kimbel & Cabus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Pabst" title="Daniel Pabst">Daniel Pabst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nimura_%26_Sato" title="Nimura & Sato">Nimura & Sato</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Herter_Brothers" title="Herter Brothers">Herter Brothers</a> (particularly that produced after 1870) shows influence of the Anglo-Japanese style. The Herter Brothers drew heavily from the furniture of Godwin and Dresser in their motifs and asymmetrical design, but American Anglo-Japanese styles lent towards the older more favoured heavily decorative and ornamental Victorian styles.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginning in 1877, Godwin began publishing his <i>Art Furniture</i> Catalogue, which popularised Japanese motifs in the United States until the late 1880s, and Dresser became the first designer to visit and design using Japanese decorative art styles, influencing the style in the Occident. <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde" title="Oscar Wilde">Oscar Wilde</a> also reported and commented upon the progress of the style, referring to "the influence which Eastern art is having on us in Europe, and the fascination of all Japanese work" in a lecture he gave in the United States in 1882 (<i>The English Renaissance of Art</i>). </p><p>By 1893 however the 'Japan Craze, despite its intensity, never amounted to more than dilettantish fascination in the quest for the artful [aesthetical] interior and the identity it imbued.'<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anglo-Japanese_works_in_the_United_States">Anglo-Japanese works in the United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Anglo-Japanese works in the United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anglo-Japanese_Fall-Front_Desk_LACMA_M.90.76.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fall-front desk, Herter Brothers (c. 1865–1905)"><img alt="Fall-front desk, Herter Brothers (c. 1865–1905)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Anglo-Japanese_Fall-Front_Desk_LACMA_M.90.76.jpg/112px-Anglo-Japanese_Fall-Front_Desk_LACMA_M.90.76.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Anglo-Japanese_Fall-Front_Desk_LACMA_M.90.76.jpg/168px-Anglo-Japanese_Fall-Front_Desk_LACMA_M.90.76.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Anglo-Japanese_Fall-Front_Desk_LACMA_M.90.76.jpg/223px-Anglo-Japanese_Fall-Front_Desk_LACMA_M.90.76.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1381" data-file-height="2100" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fall-front desk, Herter Brothers (c. 1865–1905)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sidewall_And_Border_(USA),_ca._1885_(CH_18452099).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="American Wallpaper, (c.1885)"><img alt="American Wallpaper, (c.1885)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Sidewall_And_Border_%28USA%29%2C_ca._1885_%28CH_18452099%29.jpg/170px-Sidewall_And_Border_%28USA%29%2C_ca._1885_%28CH_18452099%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Sidewall_And_Border_%28USA%29%2C_ca._1885_%28CH_18452099%29.jpg/255px-Sidewall_And_Border_%28USA%29%2C_ca._1885_%28CH_18452099%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Sidewall_And_Border_%28USA%29%2C_ca._1885_%28CH_18452099%29.jpg/340px-Sidewall_And_Border_%28USA%29%2C_ca._1885_%28CH_18452099%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4095" data-file-height="2865" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">American Wallpaper, (c.1885)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tray_MET_ADA2697.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Silver plate with iris motif, by Tiffany & Company (1879)"><img alt="Silver plate with iris motif, by Tiffany & Company (1879)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Tray_MET_ADA2697.jpg/170px-Tray_MET_ADA2697.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Tray_MET_ADA2697.jpg/255px-Tray_MET_ADA2697.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Tray_MET_ADA2697.jpg/340px-Tray_MET_ADA2697.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2445" data-file-height="1938" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Silver plate with <a href="/wiki/Iris_(plant)" title="Iris (plant)">iris</a> motif, by <a href="/wiki/Tiffany_%26_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiffany & Company">Tiffany & Company</a> (1879)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Herter_Brothers_-_Cabinet_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cabinet by Herter Brothers (c. 1880)"><img alt="Cabinet by Herter Brothers (c. 1880)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Herter_Brothers_-_Cabinet_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/170px-Herter_Brothers_-_Cabinet_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Herter_Brothers_-_Cabinet_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/255px-Herter_Brothers_-_Cabinet_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Herter_Brothers_-_Cabinet_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/340px-Herter_Brothers_-_Cabinet_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5201" data-file-height="4077" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cabinet by <a href="/wiki/Herter_Brothers" title="Herter Brothers">Herter Brothers</a> (c. 1880)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Candace_Wheeler_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stencil for wallpaper with Japanese carp motif, by Candace Wheeler (c. 1885–1905)"><img alt="Stencil for wallpaper with Japanese carp motif, by Candace Wheeler (c. 1885–1905)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Candace_Wheeler_001.jpg/146px-Candace_Wheeler_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Candace_Wheeler_001.jpg/219px-Candace_Wheeler_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Candace_Wheeler_001.jpg/293px-Candace_Wheeler_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="604" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stencil for wallpaper with Japanese carp motif, by <a href="/wiki/Candace_Wheeler" title="Candace Wheeler">Candace Wheeler</a> (c. 1885–1905)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chest_of_Drawers,_Nimura_%26_Sato,_Brooklyn,_c._1905,_woven_cane,_bamboo,_brass,_glass_-_Brooklyn_Museum_-_DSC09520.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Chest of drawers, by Nimura & Sato, 1905"><img alt="Chest of drawers, by Nimura & Sato, 1905" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Chest_of_Drawers%2C_Nimura_%26_Sato%2C_Brooklyn%2C_c._1905%2C_woven_cane%2C_bamboo%2C_brass%2C_glass_-_Brooklyn_Museum_-_DSC09520.JPG/125px-Chest_of_Drawers%2C_Nimura_%26_Sato%2C_Brooklyn%2C_c._1905%2C_woven_cane%2C_bamboo%2C_brass%2C_glass_-_Brooklyn_Museum_-_DSC09520.JPG" decoding="async" width="125" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Chest_of_Drawers%2C_Nimura_%26_Sato%2C_Brooklyn%2C_c._1905%2C_woven_cane%2C_bamboo%2C_brass%2C_glass_-_Brooklyn_Museum_-_DSC09520.JPG/187px-Chest_of_Drawers%2C_Nimura_%26_Sato%2C_Brooklyn%2C_c._1905%2C_woven_cane%2C_bamboo%2C_brass%2C_glass_-_Brooklyn_Museum_-_DSC09520.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Chest_of_Drawers%2C_Nimura_%26_Sato%2C_Brooklyn%2C_c._1905%2C_woven_cane%2C_bamboo%2C_brass%2C_glass_-_Brooklyn_Museum_-_DSC09520.JPG/250px-Chest_of_Drawers%2C_Nimura_%26_Sato%2C_Brooklyn%2C_c._1905%2C_woven_cane%2C_bamboo%2C_brass%2C_glass_-_Brooklyn_Museum_-_DSC09520.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3584" data-file-height="4881" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chest of drawers, by <a href="/wiki/Nimura_%26_Sato" title="Nimura & Sato">Nimura & Sato</a>, 1905</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_ornamental_arts_of_Japan_(IA_gri_33125008692432).pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/The_ornamental_arts_of_Japan_%28IA_gri_33125008692432%29.pdf/page1-220px-The_ornamental_arts_of_Japan_%28IA_gri_33125008692432%29.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/The_ornamental_arts_of_Japan_%28IA_gri_33125008692432%29.pdf/page1-330px-The_ornamental_arts_of_Japan_%28IA_gri_33125008692432%29.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/The_ornamental_arts_of_Japan_%28IA_gri_33125008692432%29.pdf/page1-440px-The_ornamental_arts_of_Japan_%28IA_gri_33125008692432%29.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1162" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>The ornamental arts of Japan</figcaption></figure> <p>Contemporary Reading: </p> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gri_33125000314480/page/n5/mode/2up%7C-">The Keramic Art of Japan</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/George_Ashdown_Audsley" title="George Ashdown Audsley">George Ashdown Audsley</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Lord_Bowes" title="James Lord Bowes">James Lord Bowes</a> (1875)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/marksmonogramso00chaf/page/n11/mode/2up%7C-">Marks and monograms on pottery & porcelain of the renaissance and modern periods, with historical notices of each manufactory, preceded by an introductory essay on the vasa fictilia of the Greek, Romano-British, and mediæval eras; and an appendix containing a brief history of the country of Japan and its keramic manufactures</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/William_Chaffers" title="William Chaffers">William Chaffers</a> (1876)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/artandartindust00alcogoog/page/n10/mode/2up%7C-">Art and Art Industries in Japan</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_Alcock" title="Rutherford Alcock">Rutherford Alcock</a> (1878)</li> <li><i>Japanese Pottery</i>, <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Wollaston_Franks" title="Augustus Wollaston Franks">Augustus Wollaston Franks</a>, (1880)</li> <li><i>Sixth Reading for Lantern Exhibitions of Travels in the Eastern Island World, China, Loo-Choo, and Japan : Japan</i>, <i>Seventh Reading for Lantern Exhibitions of Travels in the Eastern Island World, China, Loo-Choo, and Japan : Old and New Japan</i>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_Sutton" title="Frederick William Sutton">Frederick William Sutton</a> (1882) in the <a href="/wiki/British_Library" title="British Library">British Library</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/japanitsarchitec00dres_0/page/n5/mode/2up%7C-">Japan : its architecture, art, and art manufactures</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Dresser" title="Christopher Dresser">Christopher Dresser</a>, (1882)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gri_33125008545630/page/n9/mode/2up%7C-">The ornamental arts of Japan</a></i>, George Ashdown Audsley (1882)</li> <li><i>Descriptive and historical account of a collection of Japanese and Chinese paintings in the British Museum</i>, <a href="/wiki/William_Anderson_(collector)" title="William Anderson (collector)">William Anderson</a>, (1886)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gri_33125012623886/page/n5/mode/2up%7C-">Pictorial arts of Japan</a></i>, William Anderson, (1886)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/thingsjapanesebe00cham_0/page/n5/mode/2up%7C-">Things Japanese</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Basil_Hall_Chamberlain" title="Basil Hall Chamberlain">Basil Hall Chamberlain</a>, (1890)</li> <li><i>The Industrial Arts and Manufactures of Japan</i>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lasenby_Liberty" title="Arthur Lasenby Liberty">Arthur Lasenby Liberty</a>, (1890)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/japanitsart00huis_0%7C-">Japan and Its Art</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Bourne_Huish" title="Marcus Bourne Huish">Marcus Bourne Huish</a>, (1892)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bookofdelightful00tuer/mode/2up%7C-">The book of delightful and strange designs; being one hundred facsimile illustrations of the art of the Japanese stencil-cutter</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_White_Tuer" title="Andrew White Tuer">Andrew White Tuer</a>, (1892)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/japaneseart01nati/page/n5/mode/2up%7C-">A List of Japanese Books and Albums of Prints of Colour in the National Library of South Kensington</a>, Edward Fairbrother Strange (1893)</i></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/notesonshipposeq00bowe/page/n5/mode/2up%7C-">Notes on shippo : a sequel to Japanese enamels</a></i>, James Lord Bowes, (1895)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Strange%2C+Edward+Fairbrother%2C+1862–1929%22&&and=year%3A%221897%22%7C-">Japanese illustration; a history of the arts of wood-cutting and colour printing in Japan</a></i>, Edward Fairbrother Strange (1897)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hiroshige.org.uk/Miscellaneous/AnAppreciation_CharlesHolmes.htm">The wooblock prints of Utagawa Hiroshige</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Holmes" title="Charles Holmes">Charles Holmes</a> (1897)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/japanrecordincol00menp/page/n11/mode/2up%7C-">Japan, A Record in Colour</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Mortimer_Menpes" title="Mortimer Menpes">Mortimer Menpes</a>, (1901)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cu31924023423464/page/n9/mode/2up%7C-">The Japanese Fairy Book</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Yei_Theodora_Ozaki" title="Yei Theodora Ozaki">Yei Theodora Ozaki</a>, (1903)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=frank+brinkley+japan%7C-">Japan: Its History and Literature</a></i> Series, particularly Vol. VII (Pictorial and Applied Arts) & Vol. VIII (Keramic Art), <a href="/wiki/Frank_Brinkley" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Brinkley">Frank Brinkley</a>(1904)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/artscraftsofoldj00dick_0/page/n17/mode/2up%7C-">Arts and Crafts of Old Japan</a></i>, Stewart Dick, (1904)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/colourprintsjap00stragoog%7C-">The Colour-prints of Japan: An Appreciation and History</a></i>, Edward Fairbrother Strange (1904)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hokusaioldmanmad00stra%7C-">Hokusai, the old man mad with painting</a></i>, Edward Fairbrother Strange (1906)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/picturesbyjapane00biny%7C-">Pictures by Japanese artists</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Binyon" title="Laurence Binyon">Laurence Binyon</a>, (1908)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gri_33125008951416%7C-">Painting in the Far East : an introduction to the history of pictorial art in Asia, especially China and Japan</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Binyon" title="Laurence Binyon">Laurence Binyon</a>, (1908)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/japaneseartistin00markuoft%7C-">A Japanese Artist in London</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Yoshio_Markino" title="Yoshio Markino">Yoshio Markino</a>, (1910)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greenwillowother00jame%7C-">Japan Fairy Tales</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Grace_James" title="Grace James">Grace James</a> (1910)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/inlotuslandjapan00pont_0%7C-">In Lotus-Land Japan</a></i>, Herbert George Ponting, (1910, illustrated edition)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gri_33125000445656/page/n4/mode/1up%7C-">Three essays on Oriental painting</a></i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seiichi_Taki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seiichi Taki (page does not exist)">Seiichi Taki</a>, (1910)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/flightofdragon00biny%7C-">The flight of the dragon : an essay on the theory and practice of art in China and Japan, based on original sources</a></i>, Laurence Binyon (1911)</li> <li><i>The Painters of Japan</i>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Morrison" title="Arthur Morrison">Arthur Morrison</a>, (1911)</li> <li><i>Pages on Art</i>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Ricketts" title="Charles Ricketts">Charles Ricketts</a>, (1913)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/paintinginfareas00binyiala/page/n9/mode/2up%7C-">Painting in the Far East : an introduction to the history of pictorial art in Asia especially China and Japan</a></i>, Laurence Binyon (1913)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/exhibitionofjapa00morrrich%7C-">Exhibition of Japanese screens decorated by the old masters, held at the galleries of the Royal Society of British artists, January 26th to February 26th, 1914</a></i>, Arthur Morrison, (1914)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/japanesecolourpr00victrich%7C-">Japanese Colour Prints by Utagawa Toyokuni I</a></i>, Edward Fairbrother Strange, (1920)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/japanesecolourpr00biny_1/page/n5/mode/2up%7C-">Japanese Colour Prints</a></i>, Laurence Binyon (1923)</li> <li><i>Colour Printing with Linoleum and Wood Blocks</i>, <a href="/wiki/Allen_William_Seaby" class="mw-redirect" title="Allen William Seaby">Allen William Seaby</a>, (1925)</li></ul> <p>Academic Reading </p> <ul><li><i>In Pursuit of Beauty: Americans and the Aesthetic Movement</i>, Doreen Bolger Burke, Alice Cooney Frelinghuysen (1986)</li> <li>Halen, Widar. <i>Christopher Dresser, a Pioneer of Modern Design.</i> Phaidon: 1990. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7148-2952-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7148-2952-8">0-7148-2952-8</a>.</li> <li>Snodin, Michael and John Styles. <i>Design & The Decorative Arts, Britain 1500–1900.</i> V&A Publications: 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85177-338-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-85177-338-X">1-85177-338-X</a>.</li> <li><i>Japan and Britain After 1859: Creating Cultural Bridges</i>, Olive Checkland, (2003)</li> <li>Morley, Christopher.<i>Dresser's Decorative Design</i> 2010.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lafcadio_Hearn" title="Lafcadio Hearn">Lafcadio Hearn</a>, Author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Rennie_Mackintosh" title="Charles Rennie Mackintosh">Charles Rennie Mackintosh</a>, Designer (see the Kimono Cabinet, circa 1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molly_Verney" title="Molly Verney">Molly Verney</a>, 17th century <a href="/wiki/Japanning" title="Japanning">Japanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanophile" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanophile">Japanophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orientalism" title="Orientalism">Orientalism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwardian London Through Japanese Eyes : The Art and Writings of Yoshio Markino, 1897–1915, William S. Rodner , John T. Carpenter, 2011, p. 17, Brill</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christopher Dresser, Widar Halen, 1990, p. 33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Art Nouveau</i>, Robert Schmutzler, 1978, p. 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOshinsky" class="citation web cs1">Oshinsky, Authors: Sara J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/cdrs/hd_cdrs.htm">"Christopher Dresser (1834–1904) | Essay | The Metropolitan Museum of Art | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History"</a>. <i>The Met’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Met%E2%80%99s+Heilbrunn+Timeline+of+Art+History&rft.atitle=Christopher+Dresser+%281834%E2%80%931904%29+%7C+Essay+%7C+The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art+%7C+Heilbrunn+Timeline+of+Art+History&rft.aulast=Oshinsky&rft.aufirst=Authors%3A+Sara+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Ftoah%2Fhd%2Fcdrs%2Fhd_cdrs.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Influence of Japanese Art on Design, Hannah Sigur, 2008, p. 84, Gibbs Smith</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Tradition in Relation to Modern Art. In Problems of Reconstruction : Lectures and Addresses Delivered at the Summer Meeting at the Hampstead Garden Suburb August, 1917</i>, C F A Voysey, 1918, pp225–232, London: T Fisher Unwin, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://insight.cumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/2414/1/Peart_TheFurnitureDesigns.pdf">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The British Architect and Northern Engineer: A Record of Accessory Arts and Summary of Mining News</i>, Volume XI Jan-June 1879, April 18, 1879, p. 161, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fLAQAQAAMAAJ&q=japanese&pg=PA255">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The British Architect and Northern Engineer: A Record of Accessory Arts and Summary of Mining News., Volume XI Jan-June 1879, January 17, 1879, p. 25, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fLAQAQAAMAAJ&q=japanese&pg=PA255">[3]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The British Architect and Northern Engineer: A Record of Accessory Arts and Summary of Mining News</i>, Volume XI Jan-June 1879, April 25, 1879, pp. 172–173, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fLAQAQAAMAAJ&q=japanese&pg=PA255">[4]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto7-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto7_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto7_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto7_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://victorianweb.org/art/design/ceramics/haslam1.html">"The Aesthetic Movement, Victorian Ceramics, and the Cult of Japan"</a>. <i>victorianweb.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=victorianweb.org&rft.atitle=The+Aesthetic+Movement%2C+Victorian+Ceramics%2C+and+the+Cult+of+Japan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvictorianweb.org%2Fart%2Fdesign%2Fceramics%2Fhaslam1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vam.ac.uk/articles/furnishing-the-aesthetic-home">"Furnishing the aesthetic home · V&A"</a>. <i>Victoria and Albert Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Victoria+and+Albert+Museum&rft.atitle=Furnishing+the+aesthetic+home+%C2%B7+V%26A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vam.ac.uk%2Farticles%2Ffurnishing-the-aesthetic-home&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Influence of Japanese Art on Design, Hannah Sigur, 2008, p. 85, Gibbs Smith</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Art Nouveau, Robert Schmutzler, 1978, p. 25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto4-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto4_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto4_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberty's : a biography of a shop, Alison Adburgham, 1975, p. 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christopher Dresser, Widar Halen, 1990, p. 34</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christopher Dresser, Widar Halen, 1990, p. 119</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Art and Art Industries in Japan, Rutherford Alcock, 1878, p. 10, London</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto3-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto3_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto3_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Art nouveau, Robert Schmutzler, 1978, p. 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto6-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto6_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto6_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Japantastic: Japanese-inspired patterns for British homes, 1880–1930</i>, Zoë Hendon, 2010, p. 4, Middlesex University London, Museum of Domestic Design & Architecture</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rossettiarchive.org/docs/pr5246.a43.rad.html">"Dante Gabriel Rossetti. His Family-Letters with a Memoir (Volume One)"</a>. <i>www.rossettiarchive.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rossettiarchive.org&rft.atitle=Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti.+His+Family-Letters+with+a+Memoir+%28Volume+One%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rossettiarchive.org%2Fdocs%2Fpr5246.a43.rad.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>FORD MADOX BROWN: WORKS ON PAPER AND ARCHIVE MATERIAL AT BIRMINGHAM MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERY VOLUME ONE: TEXT</i>, Laura MacCulloch, 2009, pp. 188–189, University of Birmingham, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/eprint/611/1/MacCulloch10PhD1.pdf">[5]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto8-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto8_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto8_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://victorianweb.org/art/illustration/sime/polm1.html">"Japonisme in Britain: Burne-Jones, Beardsley, Sime"</a>. <i>victorianweb.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=victorianweb.org&rft.atitle=Japonisme+in+Britain%3A+Burne-Jones%2C+Beardsley%2C+Sime&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvictorianweb.org%2Fart%2Fillustration%2Fsime%2Fpolm1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/moore-blossoms-n01549">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Blossoms', Albert Moore, 1881"</a>. <i>Tate</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=%E2%80%98Blossoms%E2%80%98%2C+Albert+Moore%2C+1881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fart%2Fartworks%2Fmoore-blossoms-n01549&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ks-architects.com/en/column/contents.php?id=7">"Japan for Mackintosh | Ks Architects"</a>. <i>www.ks-architects.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ks-architects.com&rft.atitle=Japan+for+Mackintosh+%7C+Ks+Architects&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ks-architects.com%2Fen%2Fcolumn%2Fcontents.php%3Fid%3D7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Art and Art Industries in Japan 1878 p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Capturing Japan in Nineteenth-century New England Photography Collections, Eleanor M. Hight, 2011, pp. 56–59</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto5-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">In Pursuit of Beauty: Americans and the Aesthetic Movement, Doreen Bolger Burke, Alice Cooney Frelinghuysen, 1986, p. 149, Metropolitan Museum of Art – New York, Rizzoli</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/journals/conservation-journal/issue–15/the-parkes-collection-of-japanese-paper/">http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/journals/conservation-journal/issue–15/the-parkes-collection-of-japanese-paper/</a> (Accessed 22 November 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://victorianweb.org/painting/moore/paintings/nagler.html">"Albert Joseph Moore — Beautifully Purposeless"</a>. <i>victorianweb.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=victorianweb.org&rft.atitle=Albert+Joseph+Moore+%E2%80%94+Beautifully+Purposeless&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvictorianweb.org%2Fpainting%2Fmoore%2Fpaintings%2Fnagler.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Japan and Britain After 1859: Creating Cultural Bridges, Olive Checkland, 2003, p. 207, London, RoutledgeCurzon</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwardian London Through Japanese Eyes : The Art and Writings of Yoshio Markino, 1897–1915, William S. Rodner, 2011, p. 21, Brill</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://victoriancollections.net.au/?cv-redirect=1">"Home"</a>. <i>Victorian Collections</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Victorian+Collections&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvictoriancollections.net.au%2F%3Fcv-redirect%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Art and Art Industries in Japan</i>, Rutherford Alcock, 1878, p. 5, London</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Folktales and Fairy Tales, Donald Haase, 2008, p. 239, Greenwood Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Markino book page 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O92670/small-syringa-furnishing-fabric-godwin-edward-william/">https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O92670/small-syringa-furnishing-fabric-godwin-edward-william/</a> (Accessed 23 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O15295/daliah-furnishing-fabric-godwin-edward-william/">https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O15295/daliah-furnishing-fabric-godwin-edward-william/</a> (Accessed 23 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The arts & crafts companion, Pamela Todd, 2004, p. 255</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In Pursuit of Beauty: Americans and the Aesthetic Movement, Doreen Bolger Burke, Alice Cooney Frelinghuysen, 1986, p. 412, Metropolitan Museum of Art – New York, Rizzoli</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">British Architect, Edwin William Godwin, 1876, in London in Liberty's : a biography of a shop, Alison Adburgham, 1975, pp. 22–25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Influence of Japanese Art on Design, Hannah Sigur, 2008, p. 136, Gibbs Smith</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Creating the Artful Home: The Aesthetic Movement, Karen Zukowski, 2006, pp. 73–79, Gibbs Smith</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Towards post-modernism, Micheal Collins, 1994, p. 33, British Museum Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.moma.org/m/explore/collection/art_terms/1616/0/0.iphone_ajax?klass=artist">https://www.moma.org/m/explore/collection/art_terms/1616/0/0.iphone_ajax?klass=artist</a> (Accessed 8 December 2014)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The British Architect and Northern Engineer: A Record of Accessory Arts and Summary of Mining News., Volume XI Jan-June 1879, June 20, 1879, p. 255, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fLAQAQAAMAAJ&q=japanese&pg=PA255">[6]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O15376/vase-martin-brothers/">http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O15376/vase-martin-brothers/</a> (Accessed 23 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Japantastic: Japanese-inspired patterns for British homes, 1880–1930</i>, Zoë Hendon, 2010, p. 2, Middlesex University London, Museum of Domestic Design & Architecture, See <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/16701663.pdf">[7]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O87511/nagasaki-furnishing-fabric-talbert-bruce-james/">http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O87511/nagasaki-furnishing-fabric-talbert-bruce-james/</a> (Accessed 30 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberty's : a biography of a shop, Alison Adburgham, 1975, p. 25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.victorianweb.org/art/design/liberty/lstyle.html">http://www.victorianweb.org/art/design/liberty/lstyle.html</a> (Accessed 1 November 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.guimet-photo-japon.fr/collection/biographie-sutton.php">https://www.guimet-photo-japon.fr/collection/biographie-sutton.php</a> (in French, Accessed 22 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Photography in Japan 1853–1912, Terry Bennett, 2006, Periplus Editions, Hong Kong</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://theantiquarian.us/Ma-Su-No-Ke%20Info.htm">https://theantiquarian.us/Ma-Su-No-Ke%20Info.htm</a> (Accessed 23 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Art Nouveau, Robert Schmutzler, 1978, p. 31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwardian London Through Japanese Eyes : The Art and Writings of Yoshio Markino, 1897–1915, William S. Rodner, 2011, p. 18, Brill</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Japan and Britain After 1859: Creating Cultural Bridges, Olive Checkland, 2003, pp. 126–127, London, RoutledgeCurzon</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG371">https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG371</a> (Accessed 22 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Edwardian London Through Japanese Eyes : The Art and Writings of Yoshio Markino, 1897–1915</i>, William S. Rodner, 2011, p. 24, Brill</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_59-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.victorianweb.org/art/design/japan/menpes.html">http://www.victorianweb.org/art/design/japan/menpes.html</a> (Accessed 23 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Also see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/transactionsand03unkngoog/page/n10/mode/1up?q=%22the+japan+society%22+%22london%22%7C-">Transactions and proceedings Vol III by Japan Society, London (1893–1895)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG139059">https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG139059</a> (Accessed 7 November 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwardian London Through Japanese Eyes : The Art and Writings of Yoshio Markino, 1897–1915, William S. Rodner, John T. Carpenter, 2011, p. 23, Brill</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://figshare.com/projects/Katagami_in_practice_Japanese_stencils_in_the_art_school/24037">https://figshare.com/projects/Katagami_in_practice_Japanese_stencils_in_the_art_school/24037</a> (Accessed 23 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.leeds.ac.uk/special-collections/collection/2576">"International Textile Collection | Special Collections | Library | University of Leeds"</a>. <i>library.leeds.ac.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=library.leeds.ac.uk&rft.atitle=International+Textile+Collection+%26%23124%3B+Special+Collections+%26%23124%3B+Library+%26%23124%3B+University+of+Leeds&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.leeds.ac.uk%2Fspecial-collections%2Fcollection%2F2576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Aubrey Beardsley's "Japanese" Grotesques</i>, Linda Gertner Zatlin, 1997, Cambridge University Press in Victorian Literature and Culture , Vol. 25, No. 1 (1997), pp. 87–108</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Art nouveau, Robert Schmutzler, 1978, p. 28, p. 124</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwardian London Through Japanese Eyes : The Art and Writings of Yoshio Markino, 1897–1915, William S. Rodner, John T. Carpenter, 2011, p. 21, Brill</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Influence of Japanese Art on Design, Hannah Sigur, 2008, p. 83, Gibbs Smith</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Also see Liberty: a biography of a shop, Chapter 9 – Art Nouveau, Jewellery, Silver and Pewter</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Art nouveau, Robert Schmutzler, 1978, p. 31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Art nouveau, Robert Schmutzler, 1978, pp. 21–27,p. 153</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://senses-artnouveau.com/biography.php?artist=LIB">https://senses-artnouveau.com/biography.php?artist=LIB</a> (Accessed 8 November 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">History of modern furniture, Karl Mang, 1979 p. 69</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.timetravel-britain.com/articles/history/japan.shtml">https://www.timetravel-britain.com/articles/history/japan.shtml</a> (Accessed 21 November 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tattonpark.org.uk/what_to_see_and_do/mansion/mansion_exhibitions/alan-de-tattons-japanese-garden.aspx">"Alan de Tatton's Japanese Garden"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alan+de+Tatton%27s+Japanese+Garden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tattonpark.org.uk%2Fwhat_to_see_and_do%2Fmansion%2Fmansion_exhibitions%2Falan-de-tattons-japanese-garden.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tattonpark.org.uk/what_to_see_and_do/gardens/garden_areas/japanese_garden.aspx">"Japanese Garden"</a>. <i>www.tattonpark.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.tattonpark.org.uk&rft.atitle=Japanese+Garden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tattonpark.org.uk%2Fwhat_to_see_and_do%2Fgardens%2Fgarden_areas%2Fjapanese_garden.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderton" class="citation news cs1">Anderton, Stephen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/step-into-a-rarity-an-anglo-japanese-garden-that-works-5gdvsq8wcwb">"Step into a rarity: An Anglo Japanese garden that works"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Step+into+a+rarity%3A+An+Anglo+Japanese+garden+that+works&rft.aulast=Anderton&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fstep-into-a-rarity-an-anglo-japanese-garden-that-works-5gdvsq8wcwb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The art and architecture of English gardens : designs for the garden from the collection of the Royal Institute of British Architects, 1609 to the present day, Jane Brown, 1989, p. 180, London</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwardian London Through Japanese Eyes : The Art and Writings of Yoshio Markino, 1897–1915, William S. Rodner , John T. Carpenter, 2011, p. 18, Brill</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The world of Charles Ricketts, Joseph Darracott, 1980, p. 108</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.annexgalleries.com/artists/biography/2158/Shannon/Charles">https://www.annexgalleries.com/artists/biography/2158/Shannon/Charles</a> (Accessed 6 November 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Three essays on Oriental painting, Seiichi Taki, 1910, pp. 3–4, London</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quarterly Review 212 (1910); see <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.concentric-literature.url.tw/issues/Repetition%20and%20Difference/7.pdf">[8]</a>; (Accessed 6 November 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">artnet.de/künstler/harry-allen/ (Accessed 23 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The world of Charles Ricketts, Joseph Darracott, 1980, pp. 136–151</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwardian London Through Japanese Eyes : The Art and Writings of Yoshio Markino, 1897–1915, William S. Rodner, 2011, p. 20, Brill</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Painting in the Far East: : an introduction to the history of pictorial art in Asia especially China and Japan, Laurence Binyon, 1913, p. 6, Brill</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edward Gordon Craig, Denis Bablet, 1966, p. 47, Heinemann</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">International arts & crafts, Michael Robinson, 2005, p. 240</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Japanese Modernisation and Mingei Theory: Cultural Nationalism and Oriental Orientalism, Yūko Kikuchi–有子·菊地, 2004, pp. 233–237, RoutledgeCurzon</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwardian London Through Japanese Eyes : The Art and Writings of Yoshio Markino, 1897–1915, William S. Rodner, 2011, p. 1, Brill</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG15784">https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG15784</a> (Accessed 29 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://textileconservation.academicblogs.co.uk/textiles-from-the-glasgow-japan-exchange-of–1878-how-a-cultural-exchange-led-to-an-academic-one/">http://textileconservation.academicblogs.co.uk/textiles-from-the-glasgow-japan-exchange-of–1878-how-a-cultural-exchange-led-to-an-academic-one/</a> (Accessed 29 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Found in translation: Mackintosh, Muthesius and Japan, Neil Jackson, 2013, 18:2, p. 198, The Journal of Architecture, DOI: 10.1080/13602365.2013.790835</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwardian Painter in London; Markino, p. 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto9-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto9_96-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto9_96-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ks-architects.com/en/column/contents.php?id=7">http://www.ks-architects.com/en/column/contents.php?id=7</a> (Accessed 27 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://radar.gsa.ac.uk/6400/1/2018_McQuarrie_Erin.pdf">"McQuarie Erin"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=McQuarie+Erin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fradar.gsa.ac.uk%2F6400%2F1%2F2018_McQuarrie_Erin.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Found in translation: Mackintosh, Muthesius and Japan, Neil Jackson, 2013, 18:2, p. 211, The Journal of Architecture, DOI: 10.1080/13602365.2013.790835</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jblackdesign.com/uncategorized/mackintosh-and-moderism/">"Mackintosh and Moderism – Welcome to J Black Design"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mackintosh+and+Moderism+%E2%80%93+Welcome+to+J+Black+Design&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjblackdesign.com%2Funcategorized%2Fmackintosh-and-moderism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dahp.wa.gov/sites/default/files/HintsOnHouseholdTaste_Eastlake.pdf">"Hints on Household Taste"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hints+on+Household+Taste&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdahp.wa.gov%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FHintsOnHouseholdTaste_Eastlake.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnglo-Japanese+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.newportmansions.org/exhibitions/past-exhibitions/bohemian-beauty/the-aesthetic-movement">https://www.newportmansions.org/exhibitions/past-exhibitions/bohemian-beauty/the-aesthetic-movement</a> (Accessed 1 November 2020), also see <i>In Pursuit of Beauty: Americans and the Aesthetic Movement</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Influence of Japanese Art on Design, Hannah Sigur, 2008, p. 116, Gibbs Smith</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Influence of Japanese Art on Design, Hannah Sigur, 2008, p. 117, Gibbs Smith</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anglo-Japanese_style" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Anglo-Japanese style">Anglo-Japanese style</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cefiro.main.jp/Anglo_Japanese_Style.html">Angro-Japanese Style of Naturalistic Spoon</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victorianweb.org/art/design/godwin/9.html">Display Cabinet by Edward William Godwin, 1833–1886</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oldhouseonline.com/interiors-and-decor/aesthetic-interiors–1872–1889%7C-">oldhouseonline.com</a> for Anglo-Japanese Aesthetic Interiors (1872–1889)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&oldid=1248420154">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&oldid=1248420154</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Arts_and_Crafts_movement" title="Category:Arts and Crafts movement">Arts and Crafts movement</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_art_movements" title="Category:British art movements">British art movements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Arts_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Arts in the United Kingdom">Arts in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Decorative_arts" title="Category:Decorative arts">Decorative arts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Modern_art" title="Category:Modern art">Modern art</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Japanese_art" title="Category:Japanese art">Japanese art</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Garden_design_history_of_England" title="Category:Garden design history of England">Garden design history of England</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Japonisme" title="Category:Japonisme">Japonisme</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Japanese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Japanese-language text">Articles containing Japanese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 29 September 2024, at 12:07<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Japanese_style&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-t7vv5","wgBackendResponseTime":159,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.578","walltime":"0.737","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3032,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":31194,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1741,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":160907,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 598.391 1 -total"," 22.47% 134.479 1 Template:Reflist"," 16.41% 98.225 15 Template:Cite_web"," 13.88% 83.064 2 Template:ISBN"," 13.77% 82.377 2 Template:Lang"," 9.51% 56.908 1 Template:Short_description"," 9.29% 55.601 1 Template:Infobox_art_movement"," 8.99% 53.796 1 Template:Infobox"," 6.29% 37.627 2 Template:Catalog_lookup_link"," 5.79% 34.637 2 Template:Pagetype"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.264","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":15314446,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-2l27l","timestamp":"20241122163842","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Anglo-Japanese style","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anglo-Japanese_style","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q4763641","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q4763641","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-05-12T21:59:51Z","dateModified":"2024-09-29T12:07:13Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/ad\/MBAM_Dresser_-_Th%C3%A9i%C3%A8re_01.jpg","headline":"hybrid artistic style"}</script> </body> </html>