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dentistry</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: veterinary dentistry"> <meta name="keywords" content="veterinary dentistry"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="veterinary dentistry"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 264</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: veterinary dentistry</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">264</span> MR-Implantology: Exploring the Use for Mixed Reality in Dentistry Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Areej%20R.%20Banjar">Areej R. Banjar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abraham%20G.%20Campbell"> Abraham G. Campbell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of Mixed Reality (MR) in teaching and training is growing popular and can improve students’ ability to perform technical procedures. This short paper outlines the creation of an interactive educational MR 3D application that aims to improve the quality of instruction for dentistry students. This application is called MRImplantology and aims to teach the fundamentals and preoperative planning of dental implant placement. MRImplantology uses cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images as the source for 3D dental models that dentistry students will be able to freely manipulate within a 3D MR world to aid their learning process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmented%20reality" title="augmented reality">augmented reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dentistry" title=" dentistry"> dentistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cone-beam%20computed%20tomography%20CBCT" title=" cone-beam computed tomography CBCT"> cone-beam computed tomography CBCT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=head%20mounted%20display%20HMD" title=" head mounted display HMD"> head mounted display HMD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20reality" title=" mixed reality"> mixed reality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146861/mr-implantology-exploring-the-use-for-mixed-reality-in-dentistry-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146861.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">263</span> Evaluation of the Practice of Veterinary Pharmacy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Magdy%20Danial%20Riad">Maria Magdy Danial Riad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: In the United Kingdom (UK), pharmacists' roles have expanded considerably in recent decades to encompass clinical practice through more direct patient care. However, dispensing and compounding remain core activities for pharmacists. A lack of marketed preparations for species-specific animal use results in veterinary pharmacy practice compounding, retaining its prominence. Current participation by pharmacists to support this sphere of practice would appear to be minimal. Objectives: This study was undertaken to determine the opinions and views toward the practice of veterinary pharmacy by a cross-sectional group of pharmacists. Methods: Research data were collected via a self-administered survey questionnaire distributed at the 2012 annual conference of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society. Sampling was purposive, with a random distribution of the questionnaire to pharmacists during the conference sessions. Key findings: Interaction by pharmacists with veterinary pharmacies is currently minimal, primarily due to a lack of knowledge of veterinary medicines. Respondents revealed a lack of veterinary pharmacy courses during their undergraduate studies. This has led to situations where some veterinary prescriptions are dispensed without adequate checks being performed by the pharmacist. Pharmacists, on occasion, do not dispense veterinary prescriptions presented to them due to insufficient knowledge of veterinary medicines and/or a lack of consultable reference sources. The effect on practice is that pharmacists do not always participate as fully as would seem logical. Conclusions: Pharmacists' participation in veterinary pharmacy is limited by a lack of knowledge of veterinary medicines, mostly resulting from inadequate tuition on veterinary pharmacy during their initial education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20pharmacy" title="veterinary pharmacy">veterinary pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20medicines" title=" veterinary medicines"> veterinary medicines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy%20education" title=" pharmacy education"> pharmacy education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacists%20continuing%20professional%20development" title=" pharmacists continuing professional development"> pharmacists continuing professional development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166835/evaluation-of-the-practice-of-veterinary-pharmacy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166835.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">262</span> The Current Situation of Veterinary Services and a Reform for Enhancing the Veterinary Services in Developing Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sufian%20Abdo%20Jilo">Sufian Abdo Jilo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Veterinary services conserve and maintain animal life and improve the living conditions of human beings through improving rural livelihoods and feeding; veterinary services also address global health crises by preventing risks such as emerging pandemic diseases, antimicrobial resistance, contamination of foods, and environmental health problems at their origin. The purpose of this policy brief is to analyze the way veterinary organizations provide services and to propose an optimal organization for veterinary services in developing countries. The current situation of veterinary institutions in developing countries can't counter the challenge related to animal health and productivity. As a result, reorganization, amalgamation, merging, and consolidation of veterinary health services (veterinary clinics, slaughterhouses, quarantine, and veterinary markets) together with the construction of closer veterinary service facilities and the construction of common areas will help institutions to strengthen cooperation among different veterinarians, which is the first steps for the implementation of a One Health platform and multidisciplinary activities. The improvement and reorganization of the veterinary services institutions will also help the veterinary clinics easily obtain various medical chemicals such as blood and rumen from abattoirs, enhance the surveillance of livestock diseases, enable the community to buy healthy animals from the animal market, and help to reduce economic waste. The services can be performed by a small number of veterinarians through a model of specific areas common to all veterinary services. This model improves the skills and knowledge of veterinarians in all aspects of veterinary medicine and saves students and researchers time. Communities or customers can save time by getting all veterinary services at once. It saves the budget on purchasing medical equipment and medicines at each location and avoids expiration dates on medicines. This model is the latest solution to the global health crisis and should be implemented in the near future to combat the emergence and reemergence of new pathogenic microorganisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abattoir" title="abattoir">abattoir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reform" title=" reform"> reform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service" title=" service"> service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary" title=" veterinary"> veterinary</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169815/the-current-situation-of-veterinary-services-and-a-reform-for-enhancing-the-veterinary-services-in-developing-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169815.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">261</span> An Intelligent Tutoring System Enriched with 3D Virtual Reality for Dentistry Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meltem%20Ery%C4%B1lmaz">Meltem Eryılmaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the emergence of the COVID-19 infection outbreak, the socio-cultural, political, economic, educational systems dynamics of the world have gone through a major change, especially in the educational field, specifically dentistry preclinical education, where the students must have a certain amount of real-time experience in endodontics and other various procedures. The totality of the digital and physical elements that make our five sense organs feel as if we really exist in a virtual world is called virtual reality. Virtual reality, which is very popular today, has started to be used in education. With the inclusion of developing technology in education and training environments, virtual learning platforms have been designed to enrich students' learning experiences. The field of health is also affected by these current developments, and the number of virtual reality applications developed for students studying dentistry is increasing day by day. The most widely used tools of this technology are virtual reality glasses. With virtual reality glasses, you can look any way you want in a world designed in 3D and navigate as you wish. With this project, solutions that will respond to different types of dental practices of students who study dentistry with virtual reality applications are produced. With this application, students who cannot find the opportunity to work with patients in distance education or who want to improve themselves at home have unlimited trial opportunities. Unity 2021, Visual Studio 2019, Cardboard SDK are used in the study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dentistry" title="dentistry">dentistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligent%20tutoring%20system" title=" intelligent tutoring system"> intelligent tutoring system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title=" virtual reality"> virtual reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20learning" title=" online learning"> online learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141811/an-intelligent-tutoring-system-enriched-with-3d-virtual-reality-for-dentistry-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141811.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">203</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">260</span> Application of Bioreactors in Regenerative Dentistry: Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neeraj%20Malhotra">Neeraj Malhotra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Bioreactors in tissue engineering are used as devices that apply mechanical means to influence biological processes. They are commonly employed for stem cell culturing, growth and expansion as well as in 3D tissue culture. Contemporarily there use is well established and is tested extensively in the medical sciences, for tissue-regeneration and tissue engineering of organs like bone, cartilage, blood vessels, skin grafts, cardiac muscle etc. Methodology: Literature search, both electronic and hand search, was done using the following MeSH and keywords: bioreactors, bioreactors and dentistry, bioreactors & dental tissue engineering, bioreactors and regenerative dentistry. Articles published only in English language were included for review. Results: Bioreactors like, spinner flask-, rotating wall-, flow perfusion-, and micro-bioreactors and in-vivo bioreactor have been employed and tested for the regeneration of dental and like-tissues. These include gingival tissue, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, mucosa, cementum and blood vessels. Based on their working dynamics they can be customized in future for regeneration of pulp tissue and whole tooth regeneration. Apart from this, they have been successfully used in testing the clinical efficacy and biological safety of dental biomaterials. Conclusion: Bioreactors have potential use in testing dental biomaterials and tissue engineering approaches aimed at regenerative dentistry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioreactors" title="bioreactors">bioreactors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20process" title=" biological process"> biological process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20stimulation" title=" mechanical stimulation"> mechanical stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regenerative%20dentistry" title=" regenerative dentistry"> regenerative dentistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20cells" title=" stem cells"> stem cells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80359/application-of-bioreactors-in-regenerative-dentistry-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">259</span> SEM Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Acid Etching on Cat Enamel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Gallottini">C. Gallottini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Di%20Mari"> W. Di Mari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20De%20Carolis"> C. De Carolis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Dolci"> A. Dolci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Dolci"> G. Dolci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Gallottini"> L. Gallottini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Barraco"> G. Barraco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Eramo"> S. Eramo </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to summarize the literature on micromorphology and composition of the enamel of the cat and present an original experiment by SEM on how it responds to the etching with ortophosphoric acid for the time recommended in the veterinary literature (30", 45", 60"), derived from research and experience on human enamel; 21 teeth of cat were randomly divided into three groups of 7 (A, B, C): Group A was subjected to etching for 30 seconds by means of orthophosphoric acid to 40% on a circular area with diameter of about 2mm of the enamel coronal; the Groups B and C had the same treatment but, respectively, for 45 and 60 seconds. The samples obtained were observed by SEM to constant magnification of 1000x framing, in particular, the border area between enamel exposed and not exposed to etching to highlight differences. The images were subjected to the analysis of three blinded experienced operators in electron microscopy. In the enamel of the cat the etching for the times considered is not optimally effective for the purpose adhesives and the presence of a thick prismless layer could explain this situation. To improve this condition may clinically in the likeness of what is proposed for the enamel of human deciduous teeth: a bevel or a chamfer of 1 mm on the contour of the cavity to discover the prismatic enamel and increase the bonding surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cat%20enamel" title="cat enamel">cat enamel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20dentistry" title=" veterinary dentistry"> veterinary dentistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20etching" title=" acid etching"> acid etching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1802/sem-analysis-of-the-effectiveness-of-the-acid-etching-on-cat-enamel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1802.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">258</span> [Keynote Talk]: From Clinical Practice to Academic Setup, 'Quality Circles' for Quality Outputs in Both</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vandita%20Mishra">Vandita Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> From the management of patients, reception, record, and assistants in a clinical practice; to the management of ongoing research, clinical cases and department profile in an academic setup, the healthcare provider has to deal with all of it. The victory lies in smooth running of the show in both the above situations with an apt solution of problems encountered and smooth management of crisis faced. Thus this paper amalgamates dental science with health administration by means of introduction of a concept for practice management and problem-solving called 'Quality Circles'. This concept uses various tools for problem solving given by experts from different fields. QC tools can be applied in both clinical and academic settings in dentistry for better productivity and for scientifically approaching the process of continuous improvement in both the categories. When approached through QC, our organization showed better patient outcomes and more patient satisfaction. Introduced in 1962 by Kaoru Ishikawa, this tool has been extensively applied in certain fields outside dentistry and healthcare. By exemplification of some clinical cases and virtual scenarios, the tools of Quality circles will be elaborated and discussed upon. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academics" title="academics">academics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dentistry" title=" dentistry"> dentistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare" title=" healthcare"> healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113473/keynote-talk-from-clinical-practice-to-academic-setup-quality-circles-for-quality-outputs-in-both" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">257</span> Dental Education in Brazil: A Systematic Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabiane%20Alves%20Farias%20Guimar%C3%A3es">Fabiane Alves Farias Guimarães</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodrigo%20Ot%C3%A1vio%20Moretti-Pires"> Rodrigo Otávio Moretti-Pires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20L%C3%BAcia%20Schaefer%20Ferreira%20de%20Mello"> Ana Lúcia Schaefer Ferreira de Mello</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Considering the last changes in Brazilian Health and Higher Educational Systems, the production of scientific knowledge regarding dental education and training has been increasing. The National Curriculum Guidelines for undergraduate courses in Dentistry established in 2002 the principles and procedures to perform a more generalist dental professional profile. Objectives: To perform a systematic review of the Brazilian scientific literature about dental education and training. Methods: The systematic review was conducted considering the Lilacs - Latin American Literature in Health Sciences and SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online data bases, using the combination of key words dentistry, education, teaching or training. It was select original research articles, published between 2010 and 2013, in Portuguese. Results: Based on the selection criteria, it was found 23 articles. In order to organize the outcomes, the analysis was separated in three themes: Ethical aspects of education (3 articles), integrating dental service with training (10 articles) and Dental education and the Brazilian curriculum guidelines (10 articles). Most of the studies were published between 2011 and 2012 (35% each) and were held in public universities. The studied populations included dental students, teachers, universities directors, health managers and dentists. The qualitative methodological approach was predominant. Conclusion: It was possible to identify a transience time in Brazilian undergraduate courses in Dentistry after curricular changes. The produced literature shows some advances, as the incorporation of ethical values on dental education and the inclusion of new practices environments for students by integrating education and training in diversified dental services scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teaching" title="Teaching">Teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dental%20Students" title=" Dental Students"> Dental Students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Human%20resources%20in%20dentistry" title=" Human resources in dentistry"> Human resources in dentistry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17777/dental-education-in-brazil-a-systematic-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17777.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">256</span> Future Applications of 4D Printing in Dentistry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hosamuddin%20Hamza">Hosamuddin Hamza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The major concept of 4D printing is self-folding under thermal and humidity changes. This concept relies on understanding how the microstructures of 3D-printed models can undergo spontaneous shape transformation under thermal and moisture changes. The transformation mechanism could be achieved by mixing, in a controllable pattern, a number of materials within the printed model, each with known strain/shrinkage properties. 4D printing has a strong potential to be applied in dentistry as the technology could produce dynamic and adaptable materials to be used as functional objects in the oral environment under the continuously changing thermal and humidity conditions. The motion criteria could override the undesired dimensional changes, thermal instability, polymerization shrinkage and microleakage. 4D printing could produce restorative materials being self-adjusted spontaneously without further intervention from the dentist or patient; that is, the materials could be capable of fixing its failed portions, compensating for some lost tooth structure, while avoiding microleakage or overhangs at the margins. In prosthetic dentistry, 4D printing could provide an option to manage the influence of bone and soft tissue imbalance during mastication (and at rest) with high predictability of the type/direction of forces. It can also produce materials with better fitting and retention characteristics than conventional or 3D-printed materials. Nevertheless, it is important to highlight that 4D-printed objects, having dynamic properties, could provide some cushion as they undergo self-folding compensating for any thermal changes or mechanical forces such as traumatic forces. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20material" title="functional material">functional material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-folding%20material" title=" self-folding material"> self-folding material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title=" 3D printing"> 3D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4D%20printing" title=" 4D printing"> 4D printing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61642/future-applications-of-4d-printing-in-dentistry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">479</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">255</span> Study of Regulation and Registration Law of Veterinary Biological Drugs in Iran and Comparison between FDA, EMA and WHO</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoda%20Dehghani">Hoda Dehghani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Dehghani"> Zahra Dehghani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering the obvious growth and variety of veterinary biological product and increase consumption and also the price, it is necessary to establish the rules and serious monitoring of this products which are less expensive than the original products. The scope of this research is the study of comparing the registration criteria and procedures of veterinary biological drugs in the world's leading agencies such as EMA, FDA, and WHO. For this, purpose the rules and regulations for registration of these drugs in prestigious organizations such as the FDA, EMA and WHO were examined and compared with the existing legislation in Iran. Studies show that EMA is the forefront of the compilation and registration of drugs in the world. China is a one of the greatest country in the development of drugs and establishes very closely guidelines with creditable global guidelines, and Now, is the first country to implement the rules codified in the Far East and followed by china, India and, South Korea and Taiwan have taken incorporate the industry's top ranking in Asia. At now, Asia by creating appropriate indicators not only as a powerful center in the field of drug delivery but also as a competitor to the United States is a major source of drug discovery and creation of innovation. the activities such as clinical trials and pharmaceutical investment is the speed of technology on the continent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20biological%20product" title="veterinary biological product">veterinary biological product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulation%20of%20registration" title=" regulation of registration"> regulation of registration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20products" title=" biological products"> biological products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regularity%20authorities" title=" regularity authorities"> regularity authorities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38674/study-of-regulation-and-registration-law-of-veterinary-biological-drugs-in-iran-and-comparison-between-fda-ema-and-who" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38674.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">254</span> Can We Develop a Practical and Applicable Ethic in Veterinary Health Care with a Universal Application and without Dogma?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Theodorus%20Holtzhausen">Theodorus Holtzhausen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With a growing number of professionals in healthcare moving freely between countries and also in general a more mobile global workforce, awareness of cultural differences have become more urgent for health care workers to apply proper care. There is a slowly emerging trend in health care due to globalisation that may create a more uniform cultural base for administering healthcare, but it is still very vulnerable to being hijacked and misdirected by major commercial interests. Veterinary clinics and medical clinics promoting alternative remedies lacking evidence based support and simultaneously practicing medicine as a science have become more common. Such ‘holistic’ clinics see these remedies more as a belief system causing no harm with minimal impact but with added financial benefit to the facility. With the inarguable acceptance and realisation of the interconnection between evolutionary aspects of cognition, knowledge and culture as a global but vulnerable cognition-gaining process affecting us all, we can see the enormous responsibility we carry. Such a responsibility for creating global well-being calling for an universally applicable ethic. Such an ethic with the potential of having significant impact on our cognition gaining process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20health%20care" title="veterinary health care">veterinary health care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title=" ethics"> ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wellbeing" title=" wellbeing"> wellbeing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20clinics" title=" veterinary clinics"> veterinary clinics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13477/can-we-develop-a-practical-and-applicable-ethic-in-veterinary-health-care-with-a-universal-application-and-without-dogma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13477.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">642</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">253</span> Analysis of Veterinary Drug Residues and Pesticide Residues in Beehive Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alba%20Luna%20Jimenez">Alba Luna Jimenez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Dolores%20Hernando"> Maria Dolores Hernando</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The administration of veterinary treatments at higher doses than the recommended Varroa mite control in beehive matrices has the potential to generate residues in the honeybee colony and in the derived products for consumption. Honeybee colonies can also be indirectly exposed to residues of plant protection products when foraging in crops, wildflowers near the crops, or in urban gardens just after spraying. The study evaluates the presence of both types of residues, veterinary treatments, and pesticides in beeswax, bee bread, and honey. The study was carried out in apiaries located in agricultural zones and forest areas in Andalusia, Spain. Up to nineteen residues were identified above LOQ using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS/MS). Samples were extracted by a modified QuEChERs method. Chlorfenvinphos was detected in beeswax and bee bread despite its use is not authorized for Varroa mite control. Residues of fluvalinate-tau, authorized as veterinary treatment, were detected in most of the samples of beeswax and bee bread, presumably due to overdose or also to its potential for accumulation associated with its marked liposolubility. Residues of plant protection products were also detected in samples of beeswax and bee bread. Pesticide residues were detected above the LOQ that was established at 5 µg.kg⁻¹, which is the minimum concentration that can be quantified with acceptable accuracy and precision, as described in the European guidelines for pesticide residue analysis SANTE/11945/2015. No residues of phytosanitary treatments used in agriculture were detected in honey. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honeybee%20colony" title="honeybee colony">honeybee colony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20spectrometry%20analysis" title=" mass spectrometry analysis"> mass spectrometry analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pesticide%20residues" title=" pesticide residues"> pesticide residues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Varroa%20destructor" title=" Varroa destructor"> Varroa destructor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20treatment" title=" veterinary treatment"> veterinary treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134299/analysis-of-veterinary-drug-residues-and-pesticide-residues-in-beehive-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">252</span> Impact Analysis of Quality Control Practices in Veterinary Diagnostic Labs in Lahore, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faiza%20Marrium">Faiza Marrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masood%20Rabbani"> Masood Rabbani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Ahmad%20Sheikh"> Ali Ahmad Sheikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Yasin%20Tipu%20Javed%20Muhammad"> Muhammad Yasin Tipu Javed Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohail%20Raza"> Sohail Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> More than 75% diseases spreading in the past 10 years in human population globally are linked to veterinary sector. Veterinary diagnostic labs are the powerful ally for diagnosis, prevention and monitoring of animal diseases in any country. In order to avoid detrimental effects of errors in disease diagnostic and biorisk management, there is a dire need to establish quality control system. In current study, 3 private and 6 public sectors veterinary diagnostic labs were selected for survey. A questionnaire survey in biorisk management guidelines of CWA 15793 was designed to find quality control breaches in lab design, personal, equipment and consumable, quality control measures adopted in lab, waste management, environmental monitoring and customer care. The data was analyzed through frequency distribution statistically by using (SPSS) version 18.0. A non-significant difference was found in all parameters of lab design, personal, equipment and consumable, quality control measures adopted in lab, waste management, environmental monitoring and customer care with an average percentage of 46.6, 57.77, 52.7, 55.5, 54.44, 48.88 and 60, respectively. A non-significant difference among all nine labs were found, with highest average compliance percentage of all parameters are lab 2 (78.13), Lab 3 (70.56), Lab 5 (57.51), Lab 6 (56.37), Lab 4 (55.02), Lab 9 (49.58), Lab 7 (47.76), Lab 1 (41.01) and Lab 8 (36.09). This study shows that in Lahore district veterinary diagnostic labs are not giving proper attention to quality of their system and there is no significant difference between setups of private and public sector laboratories. These results show that most of parameters are between 50 and 80 percent, which needs some work and improvement as per WHO criteria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20lab" title="veterinary lab">veterinary lab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20management%20system" title=" quality management system"> quality management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accreditation" title=" accreditation"> accreditation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulatory%20body" title=" regulatory body"> regulatory body</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease%20identification" title=" disease identification"> disease identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137020/impact-analysis-of-quality-control-practices-in-veterinary-diagnostic-labs-in-lahore-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137020.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">251</span> Animal Welfare Violations during Treatment at Different Level of Veterinary Hospitals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aparna%20Datta">Aparna Datta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahabub%20Alam"> Mahabub Alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Animal welfare is comparatively new area of research in Bangladesh and welfare concern for animal is increasing day by day. The study was conducted to investigate the animal welfare violations during treatment at different level of hospitals in Bangladesh and India. This study was conducted between January and May, 2017. The recorded data (N=180) were categorized into eight major types of violation like - delay in starting treatment, non-specific treatment, surgery without anesthesia, use of unsterilized needle, rough and painful handling, fearful approach, multiple pricking during injection and use of blunt needle. Categorized groups were analyzed according to different hospitals like Upazila Veterinary Hospitals, Bangladesh (UVHs), SAQ-Teaching Veterinary Hospital, Bangladesh (SAQTVH) and Veterinary College and Research Institute, India (VCRI). Among all hospitals, violation during treatment more frequently occurred in UVH. Among all violations, surgery without anesthesia was only found in UVH (80%) and it was belong to considerable number of cases (80%). In the view of other major violations like - non-specific treatment was 69% in UVHs, 13% in SAQTVH and 5% in VCRI. Use of unsterilized instruments during treatment was also higher in UVHs (65%) than SAQTVH (5%) and VCRI (1%). But delay in starting treatment varied insignificantly and it was 26-42% across the different levels of hospitals. Although multiple pricking during injection was found 30% cases in UVH, but statistical variations with other level of hospitals were unnoticed (p>0.05). The findings of this study will help to take necessary steps to control violation against animal welfare during treatment. A comprehensive study considering all levels of hospitals including field treatment is also recommended to find out the welfare violations during treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20welfare" title="animal welfare">animal welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20hospitals" title=" veterinary hospitals"> veterinary hospitals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=violations" title=" violations"> violations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86065/animal-welfare-violations-during-treatment-at-different-level-of-veterinary-hospitals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">250</span> Gap Analysis of Service Quality: The Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preethi%20Sudarshanie%20Dassanayake">Preethi Sudarshanie Dassanayake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20A.%20Sudath%20Weerasiri"> R. A. Sudath Weerasiri </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: The objective of this study were to find out highest expectation and perception,highest gap between perception and expectation of service quality, and to find out such gaps between perception and expectation with regard to service quality dimensions were whether statistically significant. Methodology: This study carried out at the Out Patient Department (OPD) of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), University of Peradeniya. Modified version of SERVQUAL with 22-pairs of items regarding expectation and perception of service quality in dimensions of tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy were included in Part 1 and the Part 2 of the questionnaire consisted of questions regarding socio-demographic factors. Sample size was 200 and sampling procedure was Systematic Random Sampling. Customers above 18 years of age, able to read, write and understand Sinhala or English language, visits more than twice in last six months and who willing to respond were selected. Findings: The analysis revealed customers expectations of service higher than the perceived for all 22- items of the SERVQUAL. This high expectation suggests that there is sufficient room for further improvement of service quality in all five dimensions. Originality/Value of the Paper: This study gave a new insight for poorly researched area of veterinary health service quality in Sri Lankan context. It provides hospital administrators and policy makers to develop strategies for further improvement of service quality according to customers' view. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expectation" title="expectation">expectation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20quality" title=" service quality"> service quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SERVQUAL" title=" SERVQUAL"> SERVQUAL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20health%20care" title=" veterinary health care"> veterinary health care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23754/gap-analysis-of-service-quality-the-veterinary-teaching-hospital-university-of-peradeniya-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">249</span> Decision-making in the provision of Accessible Veterinary Care</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ellen%20Bryant">Ellen Bryant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virginia%20Behmer"> Virginia Behmer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebecca%20Garbed"> Rebecca Garbed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeanette%20O%E2%80%99Quin"> Jeanette O’Quin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dana%20Howard"> Dana Howard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As it currently stands, veterinary care in the United States is not accessible to everyone, and veterinarians regularly face cases of clients who are unable to provide necessary care to their animals regardless of the client’s desire to do so. There is currently limited research into how veterinarians address these issues of access to care. It is apparent that veterinarians regularly utilize funding or offer discounted services to treat cases that otherwise would go without care. With need currently exceeding the amount of funds and services available, veterinarians are tasked with deciding which cases are most deserving of assistance. This mixed methods study distributed a survey to companion animal veterinarians practicing in the United States to identify current trends in how these professionals apply principles of distributive justice in the scope of veterinary medicine. Ethical frameworks identified in human bioethics research into distributive justice were presented, along with demographic questions, to identify relationships between veterinarian priorities and the scope of their practice/respective roles/geographic region. By surveying veterinarians across a wide range of specialties, practice types, and clientele this study was able to assess how priorities and opinions shift based on external factors as well as among the respondents themselves. Participants were asked not only to choose how to distribute aid between different clients and case scenarios, but also asked directly which is the best way to distribute aid when need exceeds the resources available. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=access%20to%20veterinary%20care" title="access to veterinary care">access to veterinary care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioethics" title=" bioethics"> bioethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision-making" title=" decision-making"> decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title=" distributive justice"> distributive justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subsidized%20care" title=" subsidized care"> subsidized care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179195/decision-making-in-the-provision-of-accessible-veterinary-care" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">248</span> Integrating Animal Nutrition into Veterinary Science: Enhancing Health, Productivity, and Sustainability through Advanced Nutritional Strategies and Collaborative Approaches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Namiiro%20Shirat%20Umar">Namiiro Shirat Umar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The science of animals and veterinary medicine is a multidisciplinary field dedicated to understanding, managing, and enhancing the health and welfare of animals. This field encompasses a broad spectrum of disciplines, including animal physiology, genetics, nutrition, behavior, and pathology, as well as preventive and therapeutic veterinary care. Veterinary science focuses on diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases in animals, ensuring their health and well-being. It involves the study of various animal species, from companion animals and livestock to wildlife and exotic species. Through advanced diagnostic techniques, medical treatments, and surgical procedures, veterinarians address a wide range of health issues, from infectious diseases and injuries to chronic conditions and reproductive health. Animal science complements veterinary medicine by providing a deeper understanding of animal biology and behavior, which is essential for effective health management. It includes research on animal breeding, nutrition, and husbandry practices aimed at improving animal productivity and welfare. Incorporating modern technologies and methodologies, such as genomics, bioinformatics, and precision farming, the science of animals and veterinary medicine continually evolves to address emerging challenges. This integrated approach ensures the development of sustainable practices, enhances animal welfare and contributes to public health by monitoring zoonotic diseases and ensuring the safety of animal products. Animal nutrition is a cornerstone of animal and veterinary science, focusing on the dietary needs of animals to promote health, growth, reproduction, and overall well-being. Proper nutrition ensures that animals receive essential nutrients, including macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals), tailored to their specific species, life stages, and physiological conditions. By emphasizing a balanced diet, animal nutrition serves as a preventive measure against diseases and enhances recovery from illnesses, reducing the need for pharmaceutical interventions. It addresses key health issues such as metabolic disorders, reproductive inefficiencies, and immune system deficiencies. Moreover, optimized nutrition improves the quality of animal products like meat, milk, and eggs and enhances the sustainability of animal farming by improving feed efficiency and reducing environmental waste. The integration of animal nutrition into veterinary practice necessitates a collaborative approach involving veterinarians, animal nutritionists, and farmers. Advances in nutritional science, such as precision feeding and the use of nutraceuticals, provide innovative solutions to traditional veterinary challenges. Overall, the focus on animal nutrition as a primary aspect of veterinary care leads to more holistic, sustainable, and effective animal health management practices, promoting the welfare and productivity of animals in various settings. This abstract is a trifold in nature as it traverses how education can put more emphasis on animal nutrition as an alternative for improving animal health as an important issue espoused under the discipline of animal and veterinary science; therefore, brief aspects of this paper and they are as follows; animal nutrition, veterinary science and animals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20nutrition%20as%20a%20way%20to%20enhance%20growth" title="animal nutrition as a way to enhance growth">animal nutrition as a way to enhance growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20science%20as%20a%20study" title=" animal science as a study"> animal science as a study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20science%20dealing%20with%20health%20of%20the%20animals" title=" veterinary science dealing with health of the animals"> veterinary science dealing with health of the animals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animals%20healthcare%20dealing%20with%20proper%20sanitation" title=" animals healthcare dealing with proper sanitation"> animals healthcare dealing with proper sanitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188446/integrating-animal-nutrition-into-veterinary-science-enhancing-health-productivity-and-sustainability-through-advanced-nutritional-strategies-and-collaborative-approaches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">247</span> Impect of Human on Prey of Birds in North West Rajasthan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dau%20Lal%20Bohra">Dau Lal Bohra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sradha%20Vyas"> Sradha Vyas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bird species are already showing climate-related changes in the dates they migrate and breed, and in the timing of other key life-history events. Treats of feeding managements raptors have performed important ecological, traditional and aesthetic functions throughout the Indian subcontinent. The declines in India result from elevated adult and juvenile mortality, and low breeding success. The widespread and rapid pattern of declines, i.e. in all areas irrespective of habitat or protection status suggest that persecution through shooting or poisoning, whilst important at a local scale, are unlikely to have caused the declines. A mass killing of several species of vultures in the Indian subcontinent over the last two decades is largely blamed on the presence of a drug. Veterinary diclofenac caused an unprecedented decline in South Asia’s Gyps vulture populations, with some species declining by more than 97% between 1992 and 2007. Veterinary diclofenac causes renal failure in vultures, and killed tens of millions of such birds in the Indian sub-continent. The drug was finally banned there for veterinary purposes in 2006. This drug is now ‘a global problem’ threatening many vulnerable birds of prey. Recently, stappe eagles are also susceptible to veterinary diclofenac, effectively increasing the potential threat level, and the risks for European biodiversity. Steppe eagles are closely related with golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetus), imperial eagles (Aquila heliaca) and Spanish imperial eagles (Aquila adalberti), and all these species scavenge opportunistically on carcasses throughout their range. The Spanish imperial eagle, considered Vulnerable at global level, is now particularly at risk, due to the availability of diclofenac in Spain. These findings strengthen the case for banning veterinary diclofenac across. From year 2011 to 2014 more than 300 hundred birds dead in jorbeer, Bikaner. Now, with unequivocal evidence that this veterinary drug can cause a much wider impact on Europe´s biodiversity, it is time for action – please ban diclofenac human brand also in multi-dose vial from market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortility" title="mortility">mortility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prey%20of%20birds" title=" prey of birds"> prey of birds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diclofenac" title=" diclofenac"> diclofenac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajasthan" title=" Rajasthan"> Rajasthan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23089/impect-of-human-on-prey-of-birds-in-north-west-rajasthan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">246</span> Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices regarding Anthrax among Community Members, Health and Veterinary Workers in Maragua, Kenya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaiah%20Chacha">Isaiah Chacha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Arimi"> Samuel Arimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Thaiya"> Andrew Thaiya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: This study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding anthrax in Maragua, Kenya to provide baseline information to design interventions. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted among head of households, health and veterinary workers in Maragua Sub-county in August and September 2014. Administered questionnaires were used to collect data from household members and a key informant interview held with health and veterinary workers. Multi stage sampling was used to obtain participants’ knowledge, attitudes and practices. Questions were scored and descriptively analyzed using Excel spreadsheet then exported to GenStat Discovery Edition 4. Results: A total of 293 community members were recruited in this study. The overall level of knowledge was 77.9% of all community members regarding cause, transmission, symptoms and prevention of the disease in both humans and animals. Majority of the participants (96.3%) had heard about anthrax. A total of 99 (33.8%) correspondents had seen a person with anthrax and 75.1% think that anthrax is a very serious disease in the area. Of the interviewed correspondents, 14.3% of them have had their animals (mostly cattle) suffer from anthrax while 15.7% had either suffered from anthrax or have had their family member who suffered from anthrax. Conclusion: The study findings indicate above average knowledge on cause, symptoms, transmission and prevention of anthrax among community members in humans and animals. Practices in this study were still risk among community members. Veterinary and Medical health planners should design anthrax awareness interventions as a team targeting to reach these communities and the public through barazas, radio, CHW and other communication channel on a regular basis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthrax" title="anthrax">anthrax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitudes" title=" attitudes"> attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenya" title=" Kenya"> Kenya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maragua" title=" Maragua"> Maragua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practices" title=" practices"> practices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51734/knowledge-attitudes-and-practices-regarding-anthrax-among-community-members-health-and-veterinary-workers-in-maragua-kenya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51734.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">245</span> Text Mining of Veterinary Forums for Epidemiological Surveillance Supplementation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Munaf">Samuel Munaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Swingler"> Kevin Swingler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franz%20Br%C3%BClisauer"> Franz Brülisauer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthony%20O%E2%80%99Hare"> Anthony O’Hare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Gunn"> George Gunn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aaron%20Reeves"> Aaron Reeves</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Web scraping and text mining are popular computer science methods deployed by public health researchers to augment traditional epidemiological surveillance. However, within veterinary disease surveillance, such techniques are still in the early stages of development and have not yet been fully utilised. This study presents an exploration into the utility of incorporating internet-based data to better understand the smallholder farming communities within Scotland by using online text extraction and the subsequent mining of this data. Web scraping of the livestock fora was conducted in conjunction with text mining of the data in search of common themes, words, and topics found within the text. Results from bi-grams and topic modelling uncover four main topics of interest within the data pertaining to aspects of livestock husbandry: feeding, breeding, slaughter, and disposal. These topics were found amongst both the poultry and pig sub-forums. Topic modeling appears to be a useful method of unsupervised classification regarding this form of data, as it has produced clusters that relate to biosecurity and animal welfare. Internet data can be a very effective tool in aiding traditional veterinary surveillance methods, but the requirement for human validation of said data is crucial. This opens avenues of research via the incorporation of other dynamic social media data, namely Twitter and Facebook/Meta, in addition to time series analysis to highlight temporal patterns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20epidemiology" title="veterinary epidemiology">veterinary epidemiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease%20surveillance" title=" disease surveillance"> disease surveillance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infodemiology" title=" infodemiology"> infodemiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infoveillance" title=" infoveillance"> infoveillance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smallholding" title=" smallholding"> smallholding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20scraping" title=" web scraping"> web scraping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentiment%20analysis" title=" sentiment analysis"> sentiment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geolocation" title=" geolocation"> geolocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=text%20mining" title=" text mining"> text mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NLP" title=" NLP"> NLP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159869/text-mining-of-veterinary-forums-for-epidemiological-surveillance-supplementation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159869.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">244</span> The Effects of Anapana Meditation Training Program Monitored by Skin Conductance and Temperature (SC/ST) Biofeedback on Stress in Bachelor’s Degree Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ormanee%20Patarathipakorn">Ormanee Patarathipakorn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Stress was the major psychological problem that affecting to physical and mental health among undergraduate students. Aim of study was to determine the effective of meditation training program (MTP) for stress reduction measured by biofeedback (BB) machine. Material and Methods: This was quasi-experimental study conducted in Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Thailand. Study period was between August and December 2023. Participants were the first-year Dentistry students. MTP was concentration meditation (Anapana meditation). Stress measurement was evaluated by using Thai version perceived stress scale (T-PSS-10) was performed at one week before study, 14 and 18 weeks. Stress evaluation by biofeedback machine (skin conductance: SC and skin temperature: ST) were performed at one week before study, 4, 8, 14 and 18 weeks. Data from T-PSS-10 and SC/ST biofeedback were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 28 subjects were recruited. The mean age of participant was 18.4 years old. Two-thirds (19/28) was female. Stress reduction from MTP was detected since 4 and 8 weeks by STBB and SCBB, respectively. T-PSS 10 scores before MTP, 14 and 18 weeks were 17.7± 5.4, 9.8 ± 3.1 and 8.4 ± 3.1 with statistical significance. Conclusion: Meditation training program could reduce stress and measured by skin conductance and temperature biofeedback. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title="stress">stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meditation" title=" meditation"> meditation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofeedback" title=" biofeedback"> biofeedback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student" title=" student"> student</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189478/the-effects-of-anapana-meditation-training-program-monitored-by-skin-conductance-and-temperature-scst-biofeedback-on-stress-in-bachelors-degree-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">37</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">243</span> Diagnosis of Avian Pathology in the East of Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khenenou%20Tarek">Khenenou Tarek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benzaoui%20Hassina"> Benzaoui Hassina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melizi%20Mohamed"> Melizi Mohamed </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diagnosis requires a background of current knowledge in the field and also complementary means in which the laboratory occupies the central place for a better investigation. A correct diagnosis allows to establish the most appropriate treatment as soon as possible and avoids both the economic losses associated with mortality and growth retardation often observed in poultry furthermore it may reduce the high cost of treatment. Epedemiologic survey, hematologic and histopathologic study’s are three aspects of diagnosis heavily used in both human and veterinary pathology and the advanced researches in human medicine would be exploited to be applied in veterinary medicine with given modification .Whereas, the diagnostic methods in the east of Algeria are limited to the clinical signs and necropsy finding. Therefore, the diagnosis is based simply on the success or the failure of the therapeutic methods (therapeutic diagnosis). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chicken" title="chicken">chicken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnosis" title=" diagnosis"> diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematology" title=" hematology"> hematology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathology" title=" histopathology"> histopathology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21640/diagnosis-of-avian-pathology-in-the-east-of-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">630</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">242</span> Dogs Chest Homogeneous Phantom for Image Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maris%20Eug%C3%AAnia%20Dela%20Rosa">Maris Eugênia Dela Rosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Luiza%20Menegatti%20Pavan"> Ana Luiza Menegatti Pavan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcela%20De%20Oliveira"> Marcela De Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20Rodrigues%20De%20Pina"> Diana Rodrigues De Pina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20Carlos%20Vulcano"> Luis Carlos Vulcano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In medical veterinary as well as in human medicine, radiological study is essential for a safe diagnosis in clinical practice. Thus, the quality of radiographic image is crucial. In last year’s there has been an increasing substitution of image acquisition screen-film systems for computed radiology equipment (CR) without technical charts adequacy. Furthermore, to carry out a radiographic examination in veterinary patient is required human assistance for restraint this, which can compromise image quality by generating dose increasing to the animal, for Occupationally Exposed and also the increased cost to the institution. The image optimization procedure and construction of radiographic techniques are performed with the use of homogeneous phantoms. In this study, we sought to develop a homogeneous phantom of canine chest to be applied to the optimization of these images for the CR system. In carrying out the simulator was created a database with retrospectives chest images of computed tomography (CT) of the Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - UNESP (FMVZ / Botucatu). Images were divided into four groups according to the animal weight employing classification by sizes proposed by Hoskins & Goldston. The thickness of biological tissues were quantified in a 80 animals, separated in groups of 20 animals according to their weights: (S) Small - equal to or less than 9.0 kg, (M) Medium - between 9.0 and 23.0 kg, (L) Large – between 23.1 and 40.0kg and (G) Giant – over 40.1 kg. Mean weight for group (S) was 6.5±2.0 kg, (M) 15.0±5.0 kg, (L) 32.0±5.5 kg and (G) 50.0 ±12.0 kg. An algorithm was developed in Matlab in order to classify and quantify biological tissues present in CT images and convert them in simulator materials. To classify tissues presents, the membership functions were created from the retrospective CT scans according to the type of tissue (adipose, muscle, bone trabecular or cortical and lung tissue). After conversion of the biologic tissue thickness in equivalent material thicknesses (acrylic simulating soft tissues, bone tissues simulated by aluminum and air to the lung) were obtained four different homogeneous phantoms, with (S) 5 cm of acrylic, 0,14 cm of aluminum and 1,8 cm of air; (M) 8,7 cm of acrylic, 0,2 cm of aluminum and 2,4 cm of air; (L) 10,6 cm of acrylic, 0,27 cm of aluminum and 3,1 cm of air and (G) 14,8 cm of acrylic, 0,33 cm of aluminum and 3,8 cm of air. The developed canine homogeneous phantom is a practical tool, which will be employed in future, works to optimize veterinary X-ray procedures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20protection" title="radiation protection">radiation protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phantom" title=" phantom"> phantom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20radiology" title=" veterinary radiology"> veterinary radiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20radiography" title=" computed radiography"> computed radiography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39738/dogs-chest-homogeneous-phantom-for-image-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39738.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">241</span> Use of Didactic Bibliographic Resources to Improve the Teaching and Learning Processes of Animal Reproduction in Veterinary Science</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20Y.%20Lenis">Yasser Y. Lenis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amy%20Jo%20Montgomery"> Amy Jo Montgomery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diego%20F.%20Carrillo-Gonzalez"> Diego F. Carrillo-Gonzalez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The use of didactic instruments in different learning environments plays a pivotal role in enhancing the level of knowledge in veterinary science students. The direct instruction of basic animal reproduction concepts in students enrolled in veterinary medicine programs allows them to elucidate the biological and molecular mechanisms that perpetuate the animal species in an ecosystem. Therefore, universities must implement didactic strategies that facilitate the teaching and learning processes for students and, in turn, enrich learning environments. Objective: to evaluate the effect of the use of a didactic textbook on the level of theoretical knowledge in embryo-maternal recognition for veterinary medicine students. Methods: the participants (n=24) were divided into two experimental groups: control (Ctrl) and treatment (Treat). Both groups received 4 hours of theoretical training regarding the basic concepts in bovine embryo-maternal recognition. However, the Treat group was also exposed to a guided lecture and the activity play-to-learn from a cow reproduction didactic textbook. A pre-test and a post-test were applied to assess the prior and subsequent knowledge in the participants. Descriptive statistics were applied to identify the success rates for each of the tests. Afterwards, a repeated measures model was applied where the effect of the intervention was considered. Results: no significant difference (p>0,05) was observed in the number of right answers for groups Ctrl (54,2%±12,7) and Treat (40,8%±16,8) in the pre-test. There was no difference (p>0,05) compering the number of right answers in Ctrl pre-test (54,2%±12,7) and post-test (60,8±18,8). However, the Treat group showed a significant (p>0,05) difference in the number of right answers when comparing pre-test (40,8%±16,8) and post-test (71,7%±14,7). Finally, after the theoretical training and the didactic activity in the Treat group, an increase of 10.9% (p<0,05) in the number of right answers was found when compared with the Ctrl group. Conclusion: the use of didactic tools that include guided lectures and activities like play-to-learn from a didactic textbook enhances the level of knowledge in an animal reproduction course for veterinary medicine students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20reproduction" title="animal reproduction">animal reproduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedagogic" title=" pedagogic"> pedagogic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20of%20knowledge" title=" level of knowledge"> level of knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20environment" title=" learning environment"> learning environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171306/use-of-didactic-bibliographic-resources-to-improve-the-teaching-and-learning-processes-of-animal-reproduction-in-veterinary-science" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171306.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">240</span> Learn Better to Earn Better: Importance of CPD in Dentistry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junaid%20Ahmed">Junaid Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nandita%20Shenoy"> Nandita Shenoy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Maintaining lifelong knowledge and skills is essential for safe clinical practice. Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is an established method that can facilitate lifelong learning. It focuses on maintaining or developing knowledge, skills and relationships to ensure competent practice.To date, relatively little has been done to comprehensively and systematically synthesize evidence to identify subjects of interest among practising dentist. Hence the aim of our study was to identify areas in clinical practice that would be favourable for continuing professional dental education amongst practicing dentists. Participants of this study consisted of the practicing dental surgeons of Mangalore, a city in Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka. 95% of our practitioners felt that regular updating as a one day program once in 3-6 months is required, to keep them abreast in clinical practice. 60% of subjects feel that CPD programs enrich their theoretical knowledge and helps in patient care. 27% of them felt that CPD programs should be related to general dentistry. Most of them felt that CPD programs should not be charged nominally between one to two thousand rupees. The acronym ‘CPD’ should be seen in a broader view in which professionals continuously enhance not only their knowledge and skills, but also their thinking,understanding and maturity; they grow not only as professionals, but also as persons; their development is not restricted to their work roles, but may also extend to new roles and responsibilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuing%20professional%20development" title="continuing professional development">continuing professional development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competent%20practice" title=" competent practice"> competent practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20education" title=" dental education"> dental education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practising%20dentist" title=" practising dentist"> practising dentist</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22241/learn-better-to-earn-better-importance-of-cpd-in-dentistry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">239</span> Occurrence of Antibiotics of Veterinary Use in Water of the Lake Titicaca: Its Environmental Implication and Human Health</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franz%20Zirena%20Vilca">Franz Zirena Vilca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nestor%20Cahui%20Galarza"> Nestor Cahui Galarza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walter%20Alejandro%20Zamalloa%20Cuba"> Walter Alejandro Zamalloa Cuba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edith%20Tello%20Palma"> Edith Tello Palma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teofilo%20Donaires%20Flores"> Teofilo Donaires Flores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valdemar%20Luiz%20Tornisielo"> Valdemar Luiz Tornisielo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The production of rainbow trout in the Lake Titicaca represents an important economic activity for Peru. The city of Puno is responsible for 83% of this production, so the use of antibiotics within the aquaculture system is not alien to this reality. Meanwhile, the waters of Lake Titicaca represent an important source for the supply of drinking water for 80% of the population of the Puno city. In this paper, twelve antibiotics for veterinary use were monitored in water samples during two seasons: dry (July 2015) and rainy (February 2016), water samples from trout production systems, near the water catching point in the lake and drinking water in the city house of Puno were considered. The samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and solid online phase extraction (On-line SPE-LC-MS/MS), all samples analyzed showed concentrations of Ciprofloxacin up to 65.2 ng L⁻¹ at the rainy season. On the other hand, 63% of water samples from the dry season and 36 % from the rainy season showed Chlortetracycline up to 8.7 and 6.1 ng L⁻¹, respectively. The presence of residues of veterinary antibiotics in drinking water means a serious health risk for 80% of the population of Puno since all these people are supplied from this source. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromatography" title="chromatography">chromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20damage" title=" DNA damage"> DNA damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20risk" title=" environmental risk"> environmental risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20pollution" title=" water pollution"> water pollution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94507/occurrence-of-antibiotics-of-veterinary-use-in-water-of-the-lake-titicaca-its-environmental-implication-and-human-health" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">238</span> Diagnosis of Gingivitis Based on Correlations of Laser Doppler Data and Gingival Fluid Cytology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20V.%20Belousov">A. V. Belousov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yakushenko"> Yakushenko </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the main problems of modern dentistry is development a reliable method to detect inflammation in the gums on the stages of diagnosis and assessment of treatment efficacy. We have proposed a method of gingival fluid intake, which successfully combines accessibility, excluding the impact of the annoying and damaging the gingival sulcus factors and provides reliable results (patent of RF№ 2342956 Method of gingival fluid intake). The objects of the study were students - volunteers of Dentistry Faculty numbering 75 people aged 20-21 years. Cellular composition of gingival fluid was studied using microscope "Olympus CX 31" (Japan) with the calculation of epithelial leukocyte index (ELI). Assessment of gingival micro circulation was performed using the apparatus «LAKK–01» (Lazma, Moscow). Cytological investigation noted the highly informative of epithelial leukocyte index (ELI), which demonstrated changes in the mechanisms of protection gums. The increase of ELI occurs during inhibition mechanisms of phagocytosis and activation of epithelial desquamation. The cytological data correlate with micro circulation indicators obtained by laser Doppler flowmetry. We have identified and confirmed the correlations between parameters laser Doppler flowmetry and data cytology gingival fluid in patients with gingivitis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gingivitis" title="gingivitis">gingivitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20doppler%20flowmetry" title=" laser doppler flowmetry"> laser doppler flowmetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gingival%20fluid%20cytology" title=" gingival fluid cytology"> gingival fluid cytology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epithelial%20leukocyte%20index%20%28ELI%29" title=" epithelial leukocyte index (ELI)"> epithelial leukocyte index (ELI)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22994/diagnosis-of-gingivitis-based-on-correlations-of-laser-doppler-data-and-gingival-fluid-cytology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">237</span> The Moveable Cathode Water Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet for Titanium Surface Treatment of Dental Implant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazanin%20Gerami">Nazanin Gerami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shirin%20Adlparvar"> Shirin Adlparvar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present time in the laboratory, one can create an ionized gas, that is to say, plasma from room temperature up to ten times more than the temperature of the sun center (150,000,000). All these temperature spectrums of plasma have applications in different disciplines, including dentistry, medicine, science, surface treatment, nuclear waste disinfection, nuclear fusion technology, etc. However, for the sick of simplicity, all these plasma temperature spectrums are classified as cold or low-pressure non-thermal plasma and warm or high-pressure equilibrium plasma. The cold plasma, as we are interested in this paper, exists at lower ion and neutral temperatures with respect to electron temperature, but in the equilibrium plasma, the temperatures of ion and electron are fairly equal. The cold plasma is a partially ionized gas comprising ions, electrons, ultraviolet photons and reactive neutrals such as radicals, excited and ground-state molecules. Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas are widely used in diverse fields of dental medicine, such as the titanium surface of dental implants, which helps in reducing contact angle and supporting the spread of osteoblastic cells and is known to aid in osteoblastic proliferation and osseointegration, thus increasing the success rates of implants. This article focuses on the anticipated uses of a newly designed water-cooled adjustable cathode cold atmospheric pressure plasma Jet (CAPPJ) for titanium surface treatment in dental implant placement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAPPJ" title="CAPPJ">CAPPJ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20modification" title=" surface modification"> surface modification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osseointegration" title=" osseointegration"> osseointegration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20medicine" title=" plasma medicine"> plasma medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dentistry" title=" dentistry"> dentistry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155966/the-moveable-cathode-water-cold-atmospheric-pressure-plasma-jet-for-titanium-surface-treatment-of-dental-implant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">236</span> Development of a Biomaterial from Naturally Occurring Chloroapatite Mineral for Biomedical Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20K.%20G.%20K.%20D.%20K.%20Hapuhinna">H. K. G. K. D. K. Hapuhinna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20D.%20Gunaratne"> R. D. Gunaratne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20M.%20J.%20C.%20Pitawala"> H. M. J. C. Pitawala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydroxyapatite is a bioceramic which can be used for applications in orthopedics and dentistry due to its structural similarity with the mineral phase of mammalian bones and teeth. In this study, it was synthesized, chemically changing natural Eppawala chloroapatite mineral as a value-added product. Sol-gel approach and solid state sintering were used to synthesize products using diluted nitric acid, ethanol and calcium hydroxide under different conditions. Synthesized Eppawala hydroxyapatite powder was characterized using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) in order to find out its composition, crystallinity, presence of functional groups, bonding type, surface morphology, microstructural features, and thermal dependence and stability, respectively. The XRD results reflected the formation of a hexagonal crystal structure of hydroxyapatite. Elementary composition and microstructural features of products were discussed based on the XRF and SEM results of the synthesized hydroxyapatite powder. TGA and DSC results of synthesized products showed high thermal stability and good material stability in nature. Also, FTIR spectroscopy results confirmed the formation of hydroxyapatite from apatite via the presence of hydroxyl groups. Those results coincided with the FTIR results of mammalian bones including human bones. The study concludes that there is a possibility of producing hydroxyapatite using commercially available Eppawala chloroapatite in Sri Lanka. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dentistry" title="dentistry">dentistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eppawala%20chlorapatite" title=" Eppawala chlorapatite"> Eppawala chlorapatite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroxyapatite" title=" hydroxyapatite"> hydroxyapatite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthopedics" title=" orthopedics"> orthopedics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85571/development-of-a-biomaterial-from-naturally-occurring-chloroapatite-mineral-for-biomedical-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">235</span> Toxicity and Biodegradability of Veterinary Antibiotic Tiamulin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriela%20Kalcikova">Gabriela Kalcikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20Bosevski"> Igor Bosevski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ula%20Rozman"> Ula Rozman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreja%20Zgajnar%20Gotvajn"> Andreja Zgajnar Gotvajn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Antibiotics are extensively used in human medicine and also in animal husbandry to prevent or control infections. Recently, a lot of attention has been put on veterinary antibiotics, because their global consumption is increasing and it is expected to be 106.600 tons in 2030. Most of veterinary antibiotics are introduced into the environment via animal manure, which is used as fertilizer. One of such veterinary antibiotics is tiamulin. It is used the form of fumarate for treatment of pig and poultry. It is used against prophylaxis of dysentery, pneumonia and mycroplasmal infections, but its environmental impact is practically unknown. Tiamulin has been found very persistent in animal manure and thus it is expected that can be, during rainfalls, transported into the aquatic environment and affect various organisms. For assessment of its environmental impact, it is necessary to evaluate its biodegradability and toxicity to various organisms from different levels of a food chain. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate ready biodegradability and toxicity of tiamulin fumarate to various organisms. Bioassay used included luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri heterotrophic and nitrifying microorganisms of activated sludge, water flea Daphnia magna and duckweed Lemna minor. For each species, EC₅₀ values were calculated. Biodegradability test was used for determination of ready biodegradability and it provides information about biodegradability of tiamulin under the most common environmental conditions. Results of our study showed that tiamulin differently affects selected organisms. The most sensitive organisms were water fleas with 48hEC₅₀ = 14.2 ± 4.8 mg/L and duckweed with 168hEC₅₀ = 22.6 ± 0.8 mg/L. Higher concentrations of tiamulin (from 10 mg/L) significantly affected photosynthetic pigments content in duckweed and concentrations above 80 mg/L cause visible chlorosis. It is in agreement with previous studies showing significant effect of tiamulin on green algae and cyanobacteria. Tiamuline has a low effect on microorganisms. The lower toxicity was observed for heterotrophic microorganisms (30minEC₅₀ = 1656 ± 296 mg/L), than Vibrio fisheri (30minEC₅₀ = 492 ± 21) and the most sensitive organisms were nitrifying microorganisms (30minEC₅₀ = 183 ± 127 mg/L). The reason is most probably the mode of action of tiamulin being effective to gram-positive bacteria while gram-negative (e.g., Vibrio fisheri) are more tolerant to tiamulin. Biodegradation of tiamulin was very slow with a long lag-phase being 20 days. The maximal degradation reached 40 ± 2 % in 43 days of the test and tiamulin as other antibiotics (e.g. ciprofloxacin) are not easily biodegradable. Tiamulin is widely used antibiotic in veterinary medicine and thus present in the environment. According to our results, tiamulin can have negative effect on water fleas and duckweeds, but the concentrations are several magnitudes higher than that found in any environmental compartment. Tiamulin is low toxic to tested microorganisms, but it is very low biodegradable and thus possibly persistent in the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotics" title="antibiotics">antibiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodegradability" title=" biodegradability"> biodegradability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tiamulin" title=" tiamulin"> tiamulin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81001/toxicity-and-biodegradability-of-veterinary-antibiotic-tiamulin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20dentistry&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20dentistry&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20dentistry&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20dentistry&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20dentistry&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20dentistry&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20dentistry&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20dentistry&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20dentistry&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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