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</div> <div class="control"> <button class="button is-small is-link">Go</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <ol class="breathe-horizontal" start="1"> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.11459">arXiv:2406.11459</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.11459">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2406.11459">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Nuclear Experiment">nucl-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2024.139032">10.1016/j.physletb.2024.139032 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Measurement of $J/蠄$ and $蠄\left(2S\right)$ production in $p+p$ and $p+d$ interactions at 120 GeV </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Leung%2C+C+H">C. H. Leung</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Nagai%2C+K">K. Nagai</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Nakano%2C+K">K. Nakano</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Nawarathne%2C+D">D. Nawarathne</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Dove%2C+J">J. Dove</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Prasad%2C+S">S. Prasad</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Wuerfel%2C+N">N. Wuerfel</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Aidala%2C+C+A">C. A. Aidala</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Arrington%2C+J">J. Arrington</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Ayuso%2C+C">C. Ayuso</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Barker%2C+C+L">C. L. Barker</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Brown%2C+C+N">C. N. Brown</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Chang%2C+W+C">W. C. Chang</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+A">A. Chen</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Christian%2C+D+C">D. C. Christian</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Dannowitz%2C+B+P">B. P. Dannowitz</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Daugherity%2C+M">M. Daugherity</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Fassi%2C+L+E">L. El Fassi</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Geesaman%2C+D+F">D. F. Geesaman</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Gilman%2C+R">R. Gilman</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Goto%2C+Y">Y. Goto</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Guo%2C+R">R. Guo</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Hague%2C+T+J">T. J. Hague</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Holt%2C+R+J">R. J. Holt</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Hossain%2C+M+F">M. F. Hossain</a> , et al. (36 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2406.11459v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We report the $p+p$ and $p+d$ differential cross sections measured in the SeaQuest experiment for $J/蠄$ and $蠄\left(2S\right)$ production at 120 GeV beam energy covering the forward $x$-Feynman ($x_F$) range of $0.5 < x_F <0.9$. The measured cross sections are in good agreement with theoretical calculations based on the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) using the long-distance matrix elements deduced fr… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2406.11459v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2406.11459v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2406.11459v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We report the $p+p$ and $p+d$ differential cross sections measured in the SeaQuest experiment for $J/蠄$ and $蠄\left(2S\right)$ production at 120 GeV beam energy covering the forward $x$-Feynman ($x_F$) range of $0.5 < x_F <0.9$. The measured cross sections are in good agreement with theoretical calculations based on the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) using the long-distance matrix elements deduced from a recent global analysis of proton- and pion-induced charmonium production data. The $蟽_{蠄\left(2S\right)} / 蟽_{J/蠄}$ cross section ratios are found to increase as $x_F$ increases, indicating that the $q \bar{q}$ annihilation process has larger contributions in the $蠄\left(2S\right)$ production than the $J/蠄$ production. The $蟽_{pd}/2蟽_{pp}$ cross section ratios are observed to be significantly different for the Drell-Yan process and $J/蠄$ production, reflecting their different production mechanisms. We find that the $蟽_{pd}/2蟽_{pp}$ ratios for $J/蠄$ production at the forward $x_F$ region are sensitive to the $\bar{d}/ \bar{u}$ flavor asymmetry of the proton sea, analogous to the Drell-Yan process. The transverse momentum ($p_T$) distributions for $J/蠄$ and $蠄\left(2S\right)$ production are also presented and compared with data collected at higher center-of-mass energies. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2406.11459v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2406.11459v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 22 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 17 June, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">8 pages, 7 figures, with 1 page of supplementary material which has 2 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Phys. Lett. B 858, 139032 (2024) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.04024">arXiv:2103.04024</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.04024">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/2103.04024">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2103.04024">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Phenomenology">hep-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Nuclear Experiment">nucl-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03282-z">10.1038/s41586-021-03282-z <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> The Asymmetry of Antimatter in the Proton </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Dove%2C+J">J. Dove</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Kerns%2C+B">B. Kerns</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=McClellan%2C+R+E">R. E. McClellan</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Miyasaka%2C+S">S. Miyasaka</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Morton%2C+D+H">D. H. Morton</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Nagai%2C+K">K. Nagai</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Prasad%2C+S">S. Prasad</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Sanftl%2C+F">F. Sanftl</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Scott%2C+M+B+C">M. B. C. Scott</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Tadepalli%2C+A+S">A. S. Tadepalli</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Aidala%2C+C+A">C. A. Aidala</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Arrington%2C+J">J. Arrington</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Ayuso%2C+C">C. Ayuso</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Barker%2C+C+L">C. L. Barker</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Brown%2C+C+N">C. N. Brown</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Chang%2C+W+C">W. C. Chang</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+A">A. Chen</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Christian%2C+D+C">D. C. Christian</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Dannowitz%2C+B+P">B. P. Dannowitz</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Daugherity%2C+M">M. Daugherity</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Diefenthaler%2C+M">M. Diefenthaler</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Fassi%2C+L+E">L. El Fassi</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Geesaman%2C+D+F">D. F. Geesaman</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Gilman%2C+R">R. Gilman</a>, <a href="/search/nucl-ex?searchtype=author&query=Goto%2C+Y">Y. Goto</a> , et al. (42 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2103.04024v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The fundamental building blocks of the proton, quarks and gluons, have been known for decades. However, we still have an incomplete theoretical and experimental understanding of how these particles and their dynamics give rise to the quantum bound state of the proton and its physical properties, such as for example its spin. The two up and the single down quarks that comprise the proton in the sim… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2103.04024v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2103.04024v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2103.04024v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The fundamental building blocks of the proton, quarks and gluons, have been known for decades. However, we still have an incomplete theoretical and experimental understanding of how these particles and their dynamics give rise to the quantum bound state of the proton and its physical properties, such as for example its spin. The two up and the single down quarks that comprise the proton in the simplest picture account only for a few percent of the proton mass, the bulk of which is in the form of quark kinetic and potential energy and gluon energy from the strong force. An essential feature of this force, as described by quantum chromodynamics, is its ability to create matter-antimatter quark pairs inside the proton that exist only for a very short time. Their fleeting existence makes the antimatter quarks within protons difficult to study, but their existence is discernible in reactions where a matter-antimatter quark pair annihilates. In this picture of quark-antiquark creation by the strong force, the probability distributions as a function of momentum for the presence of up and down antimatter quarks should be nearly identical, since their masses are quite similar and small compared to the mass of the proton. In the present manuscript, we show evidence from muon pair production measurements that these distributions are significantly different, with more abundant down antimatter quarks than up antimatter quarks over a wide range of momentum. These results revive interest in several proposed mechanisms as the origin of this antimatter asymmetry in the proton that had been disfavored by the previous results and point to the future measurements that can distinguish between these mechanisms. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2103.04024v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2103.04024v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 5 March, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> March 2021. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">10 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables; Matches published version</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> FERMILAB-PUB-21-073-E </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Nature, 590, 561-565 (2021) </p> </li> </ol> <div class="is-hidden-tablet">  <span class="help" style="display: inline-block;"><a href="https://github.com/arXiv/arxiv-search/releases">Search v0.5.6 released 2020-02-24</a>  </span> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div class="columns is-desktop" role="navigation" aria-label="Secondary">  <div class="column"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/about">About</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help">Help</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><title>contact arXiv</title><desc>Click here to contact arXiv</desc><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 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