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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postwar_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postwar_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Postwar period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Postwar_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SibAl_takeover" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SibAl_takeover"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>SibAl takeover</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SibAl_takeover-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Andersson_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Andersson_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Andersson leadership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Andersson_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_developments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_developments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Recent developments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_developments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">GAZ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%B9_%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="مصنع غوركي للسيارات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مصنع غوركي للسيارات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qorki_Avtomobil_Zavodu" title="Qorki Avtomobil Zavodu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qorki Avtomobil Zavodu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Горький автомобиль заводы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Горький автомобиль заводы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Горкаўскі аўтамабільны завод – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Горкаўскі аўтамабільны завод" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%90%D0%97" title="ГАЗ – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="ГАЗ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorkowski_Awtomobilny_Sawod" title="Gorkowski Awtomobilny Sawod – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gorkowski Awtomobilny Sawod" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorkovsky_Avtomobilny_Zavod_(GAZ)" title="Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (GAZ) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (GAZ)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorkija_A%C5%ADtomobila_Uzino" title="Gorkija Aŭtomobila Uzino – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gorkija Aŭtomobila Uzino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2_(%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C)" title="گاز (خودروساز روسی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گاز (خودروساز روسی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ_(entreprise)" title="GAZ (entreprise) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="GAZ (entreprise)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Горькийы автомобилон завод – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Горькийы автомобилон завод" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gor%27kovskij_avtomobil%27nyj_zavod" title="Gor'kovskij avtomobil'nyj zavod – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gor'kovskij avtomobil'nyj zavod" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%90%22%D7%96_(%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%91)" title="גא"ז (יצרנית רכב) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גא"ז (יצרנית רכב)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorkijas_Automobi%C4%BCu_r%C5%ABpn%C4%ABca" title="Gorkijas Automobiļu rūpnīca – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gorkijas Automobiļu rūpnīca" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Горкий Автомабильни Завод – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Горкий Автомабильни Завод" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%B9_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%89_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="مصنع جوركى للعربيات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مصنع جوركى للعربيات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Горькийн автомашины үйлдвэр – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Горькийн автомашины үйлдвэр" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorkovski_avtomobilny_zavod" title="Gorkovski avtomobilny zavod – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gorkovski avtomobilny zavod" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorkiy_avtomobil_zavodi" title="Gorkiy avtomobil zavodi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gorkiy avtomobil zavodi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Горьковский автомобильный завод – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Горьковский автомобильный завод" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ_Motors" title="GAZ Motors – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="GAZ Motors" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ-Uzina_e_Automobilave_Gorkovskij" title="GAZ-Uzina e Automobilave Gorkovskij – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="GAZ-Uzina e Automobilave Gorkovskij" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorkovskij_avtomobi%C4%BEnyj_zavod" title="Gorkovskij avtomobiľnyj zavod – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gorkovskij avtomobiľnyj zavod" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ_(avto)" title="GAZ (avto) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="GAZ (avto)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%90%D0%97" title="ГАЗ – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="ГАЗ" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Корхонаи худравсозии Горкий – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Корхонаи худравсозии Горкий" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B3_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Горький аттыг автомобиль заводу – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Горький аттыг автомобиль заводу" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Горьківський автомобільний завод – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Горьківський автомобільний завод" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_m%C3%A1y_%C3%B4_t%C3%B4_Gorky" title="Nhà máy ô tô Gorky – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhà máy ô tô Gorky" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ" title="GAZ – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="GAZ" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%B0%94%E5%9F%BA%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6%E5%8E%82" title="高尔基汽车厂 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="高尔基汽车厂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q28616#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/GAZ" title="View 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class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=GAZ&params=56_14_47.20_N_43_53_23.58_E_region:RU_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°14′47.20″N</span> <span class="longitude">43°53′23.58″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.2464444°N 43.8898833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.2464444; 43.8898833</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Russian manufacturer of commercial vehicles</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Gaz_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Gaz (disambiguation)">Gaz (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output 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class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">lead section</a> <b>may need to be rewritten</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GAZ&action=edit">improve the lead</a> and read the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">lead layout guide</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Gorky Automobile Plant<br />(<a href="/wiki/Doing_business_as" class="mw-redirect" title="Doing business as">trading as</a> GAZ)</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:GAZ_2015_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/e6/GAZ_2015_logo.png" decoding="async" width="147" height="142" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="147" data-file-height="142" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gorky_Automobile_Plant._Main_entrance._09-2019_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gorky_Automobile_Plant._Main_entrance._09-2019_01.jpg/220px-Gorky_Automobile_Plant._Main_entrance._09-2019_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gorky_Automobile_Plant._Main_entrance._09-2019_01.jpg/330px-Gorky_Automobile_Plant._Main_entrance._09-2019_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gorky_Automobile_Plant._Main_entrance._09-2019_01.jpg/440px-Gorky_Automobile_Plant._Main_entrance._09-2019_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">GAZ plant site main entrance</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native name</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Го́рьковский автомоби́льный заво́д</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Automotive</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Defense_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense industry">Defense industry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1932<span class="noprint">; 92 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1932</span>)</span> <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a><br />(named <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Gorky</a> 1932–1990)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast" title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast">NIZ</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Vadim Sorokin (president & CEO of GAZ Group), Siegfried Wolf (chairman of the board, OJSC GAZ, Russian Machines), Manfred Eibeck (chief executive officer, Russian Machines)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data">Automobiles, automotive parts</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data">$1.46 billion<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2017)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">$116 million<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2017)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">$1.58 million<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2017)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data">$1.02 billion<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2017)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data">$43.2 million<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2017)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Deripaska" title="Oleg Deripaska">Oleg Deripaska</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/GAZ_Group" title="GAZ Group">GAZ Group</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/LDV_Group" title="LDV Group">LDV</a> (2006-2008)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gazglobal.com/">Gaz website</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GAZelle_flags,_Astana,_Kazakhstan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/GAZelle_flags%2C_Astana%2C_Kazakhstan.jpg/220px-GAZelle_flags%2C_Astana%2C_Kazakhstan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/GAZelle_flags%2C_Astana%2C_Kazakhstan.jpg/330px-GAZelle_flags%2C_Astana%2C_Kazakhstan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/GAZelle_flags%2C_Astana%2C_Kazakhstan.jpg/440px-GAZelle_flags%2C_Astana%2C_Kazakhstan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2622" data-file-height="2815" /></a><figcaption>Horizontal flags featuring the GAZelle logo near a GAZelle car shop in <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>GAZ</b> or <b>Gorkovsky avtomobilny zavod</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">ГАЗ or Го́рьковский автомоби́льный заво́д</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'<b>Gorky Automobile Plant</b>') is a Russian automotive manufacturer located in <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a>, formerly known as Gorky (Горький) (1932–1990). It is the core subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/GAZ_Group" title="GAZ Group">GAZ Group</a> Holding, which is itself part of <a href="/wiki/Basic_Element_(company)" title="Basic Element (company)">Basic Element</a> industrial group. <a href="/wiki/JSC_Russian_Machines" title="JSC Russian Machines">JSC Russian Machines</a> is the controlling shareholder in OAO GAZ. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GAZ&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GAZ&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Gorky_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Gorky in World War II">Bombing of Gorky in World War II</a></div> <p>In May 1929 the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> signed an agreement with the American <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Odin,_L.C._2015_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Odin,_L.C._2015-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under its terms, the Soviets agreed to purchase $13 million worth of automobiles and parts, while Ford agreed to give technical assistance until 1938 to construct an integrated automobile-manufacturing plant at <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a>. The factory was founded and production started on 1 January 1932. At the time the factory was known as <b>Nizhny Novgorod Automobile Plant</b>, short <b>NAZ</b> (<i>Nizhegorodskiy avtomobilny zavod</i>), full name <b>Nizhny Novgorod Automobile Plant named after V. M. Molotov</b> (<i>Nizhegorodskiy avtomobilny zavod imeni V. M. Molotova</i>), after the Soviet minister <a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Molotov" title="Vyacheslav Molotov">Vyacheslav Molotov</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1932 the plant produced its first automobiles, <a href="/wiki/GAZ-AA" title="GAZ-AA">GAZ-AA</a> (originally known as NAZ-AA, as they were manufactured before Nizhny Novgorod became Gorky) truck and <a href="/wiki/GAZ-A" title="GAZ-A">GAZ-A</a> passenger car (manufactured after Nizhny Novgorod became Gorky). The cars were based on the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_AA" title="Ford Model AA">Ford Model AA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_A_(1927%E2%80%931931)" title="Ford Model A (1927–1931)">Ford Model A</a>, respectively. </p><p>In 1933, the factory's name changed to <i>Gorkovsky avtomobilny zavod</i>, or GAZ, when the city was renamed after <a href="/wiki/Maxim_Gorky" title="Maxim Gorky">Maxim Gorky</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/GAZ-A" title="GAZ-A">GAZ-A</a> was succeeded by the more modern <a href="/wiki/GAZ-M1" title="GAZ-M1">GAZ-M1</a> (based largely on the four-cylinder version of the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_B,_Model_18,_%26_Model_40_(1932)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Model B, Model 18, & Model 40 (1932)">Ford Model B</a>), produced from 1936 to 1942. The M letter stands for <i>Molotovets</i> ('of Molotov's fame'), it was the origin of the car's nickname, <i>M'ka</i> (эмка).<sup id="cite_ref-Odin,_L.C._2015_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Odin,_L.C._2015-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> During the war, GAZ assembled <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_G7107" class="mw-redirect" title="Chevrolet G7107">Chevrolet G7107</a> and G7117 (G7107 with winch) from parts shipped from the US under <a href="/wiki/Lend_Lease" class="mw-redirect" title="Lend Lease">Lend Lease</a>.</p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GAZ_USSR_Ford_A.png" class="mw-file-description" title="GAZ logo"><img alt="GAZ logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/GAZ_USSR_Ford_A.png/120px-GAZ_USSR_Ford_A.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/GAZ_USSR_Ford_A.png/180px-GAZ_USSR_Ford_A.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/GAZ_USSR_Ford_A.png/240px-GAZ_USSR_Ford_A.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">GAZ logo</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ford_Logo_1976_Print_ver_v2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford Logo"><img alt="Ford Logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ford_Logo_1976_Print_ver_v2.svg/120px-Ford_Logo_1976_Print_ver_v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ford_Logo_1976_Print_ver_v2.svg/180px-Ford_Logo_1976_Print_ver_v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ford_Logo_1976_Print_ver_v2.svg/240px-Ford_Logo_1976_Print_ver_v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="354" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ford Logo</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar_period">Postwar period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GAZ&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Postwar period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GAZ-14_Tschaika_Potsdam_2013_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/GAZ-14_Tschaika_Potsdam_2013_%28cropped%29.JPG/220px-GAZ-14_Tschaika_Potsdam_2013_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/GAZ-14_Tschaika_Potsdam_2013_%28cropped%29.JPG/330px-GAZ-14_Tschaika_Potsdam_2013_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/GAZ-14_Tschaika_Potsdam_2013_%28cropped%29.JPG/440px-GAZ-14_Tschaika_Potsdam_2013_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3248" data-file-height="2163" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/GAZ-14" title="GAZ-14">GAZ-14</a>, produced 1977–1988</figcaption></figure> <p>At that time, GAZ engineers worked to develop an all-new car model to enter production once hostilities ended. Called the <a href="/wiki/GAZ-M20_Pobeda" title="GAZ-M20 Pobeda">GAZ-M20 Pobeda</a> (Victory), this affordably-priced sedan with streamlined, fastback styling, entered production in 1946 and was produced by GAZ until 1958. (Licensed production under the name <a href="/wiki/FSO_Warszawa" title="FSO Warszawa">Warszawa</a> continued in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Polish</a> <a href="/wiki/Fabryka_Samochod%C3%B3w_Osobowych" title="Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych">FSO</a> until the 1970s). It was the first Soviet car with electric <a href="/wiki/Windshield_wiper" class="mw-redirect" title="Windshield wiper">windshield wipers</a> (rather than mechanical- or vacuum-operated ones).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>GAZ also made <a href="/wiki/GAZ-12_ZIM" title="GAZ-12 ZIM">GAZ-12 ZIM</a>, <a href="/wiki/GAZ-21" title="GAZ-21">GAZ-21</a> and <a href="/wiki/GAZ-24" title="GAZ-24">GAZ-24</a> <a href="/wiki/GAZ_Volga" title="GAZ Volga">Volga</a> and the luxury cars GAZ-13 and GAZ-14 <a href="/wiki/Chaika_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaika (car)">Chaika</a>. The ZIM was the first GAZ car to feature the leaping deer <a href="/wiki/Hood_ornament" title="Hood ornament">hood ornament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The GAZ-21 made its public debut in 1955, with a three cars on a demonstration drive from Moscow to the Crimea, two automatic models and a manual.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was launched in 1956 and became a symbol of the whole Soviet epoch. The car offered front seats able to fold flat<sup id="cite_ref-auto_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and came standard with cigarette lighter and a radio<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at a time when most American-built cars did not have a radio.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A small number of Volgas with the 195 <a href="/wiki/Horsepower" title="Horsepower">hp</a> (145 <a href="/wiki/Kilowatt" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilowatt">kW</a>; 198 <a href="/wiki/Metric_horsepower" class="mw-redirect" title="Metric horsepower">PS</a>) Chaika engine, <a href="/wiki/Automatic_transmission" title="Automatic transmission">automatic transmission</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Power_steering" title="Power steering">power steering</a> were built for the <a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a> as the <a href="/wiki/GAZ_Volga#M23" title="GAZ Volga">M23</a>, 603 were built in 1962–1970.<sup id="cite_ref-Thompson120-121_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thompson120-121-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the car's leading engineer Boris Dekhtyar recalled, the new version of the Volga had improved brake pads and reached a higher top speed of over 170 km/h; it was well received.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new engine produced 195 h.p. at 4,400 rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1960s GAZ plant renewed its truck range by launching such models as GAZ-52, <a href="/wiki/GAZ-53" title="GAZ-53">GAZ-53</a>А and <a href="/wiki/GAZ-66" title="GAZ-66">GAZ-66</a>. In the 1960s and 1970s, the plant was overhauled and updated; 1962 saw it fitted with the Soviet Union's first automated precision shop.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994 the plant started production of <a href="/wiki/GAZelle" title="GAZelle">GAZelle</a> light commercial vehicles. </p><p>The plant became <i>AvtoGAZ</i>, with the integration of its various <a href="/wiki/Subcontractor" title="Subcontractor">subcontractors</a>, on 24 August 1971; the same year, it was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Lenin" title="Order of Lenin">Order of Lenin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> GAZ produced its ten millionth vehicle in March 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the late 1990s GAZ was deemed to be the best managed Russian automotive manufacturer.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SibAl_takeover">SibAl takeover</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GAZ&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: SibAl takeover"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Volga_Siber_front_Moscow_autoshow_2008_26_08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Volga_Siber_front_Moscow_autoshow_2008_26_08.jpg/220px-Volga_Siber_front_Moscow_autoshow_2008_26_08.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Volga_Siber_front_Moscow_autoshow_2008_26_08.jpg/330px-Volga_Siber_front_Moscow_autoshow_2008_26_08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Volga_Siber_front_Moscow_autoshow_2008_26_08.jpg/440px-Volga_Siber_front_Moscow_autoshow_2008_26_08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2037" data-file-height="1144" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/GAZ_Volga_Siber" title="GAZ Volga Siber">GAZ Volga Siber</a>, introduced in 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>In November 2000 GAZ was acquired in a hostile takeover by <a href="/wiki/SibAl" class="mw-redirect" title="SibAl">SibAl</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-underbus_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-underbus-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2003 GAZ declared that the production of passenger cars was no longer a priority for the company, and plans to release a new GAZ-3115 model had been abandoned.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, GAZ made a move on the <a href="/wiki/LDV_Group" title="LDV Group">LDV</a> company based in <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a>, England, and acquired the van maker from the venture capital group Sun European Partners, LLP in July of that year. GAZ said that they planned to market the MAXUS (<a href="/wiki/LDV_Group" title="LDV Group">LDV</a>'s new Panel-van that was released in January 2005) into the rest of Europe and Asia. GAZ proposed to increase production in the LDV plant in England, while also commencing production of the MAXUS in a new plant in Russia. However, due to the recession, the production at the LDV plant was halted and the plant was sold to a Chinese company called ECO Concept in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As then <a href="/wiki/Daimler_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler AG">DaimlerChrysler</a> modernized its <a href="/wiki/Sterling_Heights_Assembly" title="Sterling Heights Assembly">Sterling Heights Assembly</a> plant in 2006, the old <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Sebring" title="Chrysler Sebring">Chrysler Sebring</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Stratus" title="Dodge Stratus">Dodge Stratus</a> assembly line and tooling was sold to GAZ and was shipped to <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a> in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then GAZ car facility is used for contract manufacturing for <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen" title="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</a> and <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Andersson_leadership">Andersson leadership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GAZ&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Andersson leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GAZ_GAZon_Next_flatbed_truck_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/GAZ_GAZon_Next_flatbed_truck_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-GAZ_GAZon_Next_flatbed_truck_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/GAZ_GAZon_Next_flatbed_truck_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-GAZ_GAZon_Next_flatbed_truck_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/GAZ_GAZon_Next_flatbed_truck_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-GAZ_GAZon_Next_flatbed_truck_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3250" data-file-height="2144" /></a><figcaption>GAZon Next flatbed truck, produced since 2014</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2009, <a href="/wiki/Bo_Andersson_(businessman)" title="Bo Andersson (businessman)">Bo Andersson</a>, former Vice-President of <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>, was invited to become a President/CEO of GAZ Group.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, GAZ upgraded its model range by launching new GAZelle-BUSINESS lineup with diesel and petrol engines and LPG equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2010 the company decided to end production of the <a href="/wiki/Volga_Siber" class="mw-redirect" title="Volga Siber">Volga Siber</a>, its last GAZ passenger car model, and to discontinue the <a href="/wiki/GAZ_Volga" title="GAZ Volga">GAZ Volga</a> range.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2010, GAZ Group signed a memorandum of understanding with <a href="/wiki/Daimler_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler AG">Daimler</a> on contract manufacturing of <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Sprinter" title="Mercedes-Benz Sprinter">Mercedes-Benz Sprinter</a> at GAZ plant in Nizhny Novgorod. It is expected that production will start in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2011, <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> and GAZ Group signed an agreement on contract assembly of the new <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Aveo" title="Chevrolet Aveo">Chevrolet Aveo</a> car at GAZ plant in Nizhny Novgorod.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of December 2012, production was underway with an expected annual production of 30,000 vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT122512_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT122512-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2011, <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group_Rus" title="Volkswagen Group Rus">Volkswagen Group Rus</a> and GAZ Group signed a long-term agreement on contract manufacturing at GAZ plant with total investment of €200 million. It is planned to produce <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Yeti" title="Škoda Yeti">Škoda Yeti</a>, the new <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Jetta" title="Volkswagen Jetta">Volkswagen Jetta</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Octavia" title="Škoda Octavia">Škoda Octavia</a>. The total production volume in the peak years will be about 110,000 vehicles. In November 2011, under the contract manufacturing agreement, GAZ started SKD assembly of Škoda Yeti; full-cycle production started in December 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_developments">Recent developments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GAZ&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Recent developments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In April 2019, GAZ asked for a $468 million <a href="/wiki/Bailout" title="Bailout">bailout</a> from the Russian government, saying that US sanctions on <a href="/wiki/Oleg_Deripaska" title="Oleg Deripaska">Oleg Deripaska</a> and his assets put the company at risk of default.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 4, 2019, workers from GAZ protested against the US sanctions in front of the US embassy in Moscow as an opposition to measures they claim will lead to the bankruptcy of the company.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2021, "GAZ Group" announced that its division, "Silovye Agregaty", would be ready for mass production of hydrogen engines in 2.5 years.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GAZ&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/28px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/42px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/56px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_GAZ_vehicles" title="List of GAZ vehicles">List of GAZ vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobile_model_numbering_system_in_the_Soviet_Union_and_Russia" title="Automobile model numbering system in the Soviet Union and Russia">Automobile model numbering system in the Soviet Union and Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ford_Motor_Company" title="History of Ford Motor Company">History of Ford Motor Company</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GAZ&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170621235932/http://gazglobal.com/company/leadership/">"Top Management"</a>. Gazglobal.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gazglobal.com/company/leadership/">the original</a> on 21 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+Management&rft.pub=Gazglobal.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgazglobal.com%2Fcompany%2Fleadership%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-522ad09fa2d673d7a321fe1b4e45833d5b7088fc-v18_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kartoteka.ru/card/408cfd8f948c337b93d84de0209e8384/">"Бухгалтерская отчётность"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%91%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kartoteka.ru%2Fcard%2F408cfd8f948c337b93d84de0209e8384%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Odin,_L.C._2015-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Odin,_L.C._2015_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Odin,_L.C._2015_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Odin, L.C. <i>World in Motion 1939 - The whole of the year's automobile production</i>. Belvedere Publishing, 2015. 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"Kelly", Jr. American Cars 1946-1959 (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Coy, 2008), passim.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thompson120-121-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Thompson120-121_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thompson, pp. 120–121</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gaz23.com/files/23.jpg">Б. А. Дехтяр. "Хвостовые" автомобили ГАЗ. // Биржа плюс Авто. №36. 13.09.2001. С. 38</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161223202134/http://www.gaz23.com/files/23.jpg">Archived</a> 23 December 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gaz23.com/files/gaz-23_manual.pdf">Легковой автомобиль ГАЗ-23. Инструкция по уходу. Издание второе. Горький. 1967. С. 114</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140103232901/http://gaz23.com/files/gaz-23_manual.pdf">Archived</a> 3 January 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thompson, p. 120</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thompson, Andy. <i>Cars of the Soviet Union</i> (Haynes Publishing, Somerset, UK, 2008), p. 120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thompson, p. 242</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/154769">"Mir on earth"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. 21 August 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170621182544/http://www.economist.com/node/154769">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Mir+on+earth&rft.date=1997-08-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F154769&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-underbus-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-underbus_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIrelandHoskissonHitt2005" class="citation book cs1">Ireland, R. Duane; Hoskisson, Robert; Hitt, Michael (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WmdsrKwYYNQC&pg=RA1-PA145"><i>Understanding Business Strategy: Concepts and Cases</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+Business+Strategy%3A+Concepts+and+Cases&rft.pages=143-145&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=032428246X&rft.aulast=Ireland&rft.aufirst=R.+Duane&rft.au=Hoskisson%2C+Robert&rft.au=Hitt%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWmdsrKwYYNQC%26pg%3DRA1-PA145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFЕмельяноваИдиатуллинТрифонов2003" class="citation news cs1">Емельянова, Екатерина; Идиатуллин, Шамиль; Трифонов, Владислав (13 May 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/381341">"Время менять автомобиль"</a>. <i>Газета "Коммерсантъ"</i>. p. 20. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130730071918/http://kommersant.ru/doc/381341">Archived</a> from the original on 30 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0+%22%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A%22&rft.atitle=%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C&rft.pages=20&rft.date=2003-05-13&rft.aulast=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.aufirst=%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&rft.au=%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%2C+%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C&rft.au=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kommersant.ru%2Fdoc%2F381341&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRuddick2009" class="citation news cs1">Ruddick, Graham (15 October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/industry/6339043/LDV-Vans-bought-by-Chinas-Qu-Li.html">"LDV Vans bought by China's Qu Li"</a>. London: The Telegraph, 15 October 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100227050323/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/industry/6339043/LDV-Vans-bought-by-Chinas-Qu-Li.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=LDV+Vans+bought+by+China%27s+Qu+Li&rft.date=2009-10-15&rft.aulast=Ruddick&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffinance%2Fnewsbysector%2Findustry%2F6339043%2FLDV-Vans-bought-by-Chinas-Qu-Li.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.just-auto.com/news/gaz-to-buy-sebringstratus-assembly-line-from-chrysler_id87469.aspx">"US: GAZ to buy Sebring/Stratus assembly line from Chrysler"</a>. Just-Auto, 18 April 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927153808/http://www.just-auto.com/news/gaz-to-buy-sebringstratus-assembly-line-from-chrysler_id87469.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US%3A+GAZ+to+buy+Sebring%2FStratus+assembly+line+from+Chrysler&rft.pub=Just-Auto%2C+18+April+2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.just-auto.com%2Fnews%2Fgaz-to-buy-sebringstratus-assembly-line-from-chrysler_id87469.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topspeed.com/cars/car-news/for-former-gm-exec-bo-andersson-next-job-will-be-a-gaz/">"For former GM exec Bo Andersson, next job will be a GAZ"</a>. 16 June 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=For+former+GM+exec+Bo+Andersson%2C+next+job+will+be+a+GAZ&rft.date=2009-06-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.topspeed.com%2Fcars%2Fcar-news%2Ffor-former-gm-exec-bo-andersson-next-job-will-be-a-gaz%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110925020526/http://eng.gazgroup.ru/news/news/?id=3019">"GAZ Group has started serial production of upgraded GAZelle-Business"</a> (Press release). GAZ Group. 25 February 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eng.gazgroup.ru/news/news/?id=3019">the original</a> on 25 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GAZ+Group+has+started+serial+production+of+upgraded+GAZelle-Business&rft.pub=GAZ+Group&rft.date=2010-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feng.gazgroup.ru%2Fnews%2Fnews%2F%3Fid%3D3019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themoscowtimes.com/news/qa-bo-andersson-joined-gaz-to-flee-detroit-stardom-20708">"Q&A: Bo Andersson Joined GAZ to Flee Detroit Stardom"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Q%26A%3A+Bo+Andersson+Joined+GAZ+to+Flee+Detroit+Stardom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthemoscowtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fqa-bo-andersson-joined-gaz-to-flee-detroit-stardom-20708&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.automotiveworld.com/news/commercial-vehicles/85260-russia-daimler-gaz-sign-sprinter-assembly-mou">"Russia: Daimler, GAZ sign Sprinter assembly MoU"</a>. Automotive World, 24 December 2010. 24 December 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120316124353/http://www.automotiveworld.com/news/commercial-vehicles/85260-russia-daimler-gaz-sign-sprinter-assembly-mou">Archived</a> from the original on 16 March 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russia%3A+Daimler%2C+GAZ+sign+Sprinter+assembly+MoU&rft.pub=Automotive+World%2C+24+December+2010&rft.date=2010-12-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.automotiveworld.com%2Fnews%2Fcommercial-vehicles%2F85260-russia-daimler-gaz-sign-sprinter-assembly-mou&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/generalmotors-russia-idUSLDE7101Y120110201">"GM to assemble Chevrolets at Russia's GAZ plant"</a>. Reuters, 1 February 2011. 1 February 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924150914/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/02/01/generalmotors-russia-idUSLDE7101Y120110201">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=GM+to+assemble+Chevrolets+at+Russia%27s+GAZ+plant&rft.date=2011-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fgeneralmotors-russia-idUSLDE7101Y120110201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT122512-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT122512_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_E._Kramer2012" class="citation news cs1">Andrew E. Kramer (25 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/26/business/global/foreign-automakers-see-potential-in-russian-market.html">"Russia's Desire for Cars Grows, and Foreign Makers Take Notice"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121226035311/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/26/business/global/foreign-automakers-see-potential-in-russian-market.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+Desire+for+Cars+Grows%2C+and+Foreign+Makers+Take+Notice&rft.date=2012-12-25&rft.au=Andrew+E.+Kramer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F12%2F26%2Fbusiness%2Fglobal%2Fforeign-automakers-see-potential-in-russian-market.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130105020910/http://wroom.ru/en/news/552">"Skoda Yeti Now Assembled at GAZ Full Cycle"</a>. wroom.ru. 6 December 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wroom.ru/en/news/552">the original</a> on 5 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Skoda+Yeti+Now+Assembled+at+GAZ+Full+Cycle&rft.date=2012-12-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwroom.ru%2Fen%2Fnews%2F552&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimes2019" class="citation news cs1">Times, The Moscow (18 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2019/04/18/sanctions-hit-gaz-wants-government-bail-out-kommersant-a65290">"Sanctions-hit GAZ Wants Government Bail-Out – Kommersant"</a>. <i>The Moscow Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Moscow+Times&rft.atitle=Sanctions-hit+GAZ+Wants+Government+Bail-Out+%E2%80%93+Kommersant&rft.date=2019-04-18&rft.aulast=Times&rft.aufirst=The+Moscow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoscowtimes.com%2F2019%2F04%2F18%2Fsanctions-hit-gaz-wants-government-bail-out-kommersant-a65290&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoy2019" class="citation news cs1">Foy, Henry (4 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/12695e0c-9e4a-11e9-b8ce-8b459ed04726">"Workers at Deripaska's sanctioned GAZ picket US embassy party in Moscow"</a>. <i>Financial Times</i>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/12695e0c-9e4a-11e9-b8ce-8b459ed04726">the original</a></span> on 10 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Workers+at+Deripaska%27s+sanctioned+GAZ+picket+US+embassy+party+in+Moscow&rft.date=2019-07-04&rft.aulast=Foy&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F12695e0c-9e4a-11e9-b8ce-8b459ed04726&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2019/07/05/russian-workers-rap-against-sanctions-protest-at-us-envoys-residence-a66287">"Russian Workers Rap Against Sanctions, Protest at U.S. Envoy's Residence"</a>. <i>The Moscow Times</i>. 5 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Moscow+Times&rft.atitle=Russian+Workers+Rap+Against+Sanctions%2C+Protest+at+U.S.+Envoy%27s+Residence&rft.date=2019-07-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoscowtimes.com%2F2019%2F07%2F05%2Frussian-workers-rap-against-sanctions-protest-at-us-envoys-residence-a66287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.ru/ekonomika/13009659">"Группа ГАЗ может запустить массовое производство водородных двигателей через 2,5 года"</a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="ТАСС">ТАСС</a>. 24 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0+%D0%93%D0%90%D0%97+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7+2%2C5+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1&rft.date=2021-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.ru%2Fekonomika%2F13009659&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGAZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GAZ&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:GAZ" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:GAZ">GAZ</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:GAZ_vehicles" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:GAZ vehicles">GAZ vehicles</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://azgaz.ru/">Official site of the plant</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140625063845/http://eng.gazgroup.ru/">GAZ official website</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110820211534/http://www.gazgroup.ru/">GAZ official website</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kuruh.ru/gaz">GAZ automotive history</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian and English)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Russia" title="Automotive industry in Russia">Automotive industry in Russia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Economy of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Russia" title="Transport in Russia">Transport in Russia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Manufacturers<br />and brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avtotor" title="Avtotor">Avtotor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChechenAvto" title="ChechenAvto">ChechenAvto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GAZ_Group" title="GAZ Group">GAZ Group</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">GAZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GAZ_Group_Bus_Division" title="GAZ Group Bus Division">Bus Division</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KAvZ" title="KAvZ">KAvZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LiAZ_(Russia)" title="LiAZ (Russia)">LiAZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlovo_Bus_Factory" title="Pavlovo Bus Factory">PAZ</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamaz" title="Kamaz">Kamaz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neftekamsk_Automotive_Plant" title="Neftekamsk Automotive Plant">NefAZ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moskvitch" title="Moskvitch">Moskvitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NAMI_(automotive_institute)" title="NAMI (automotive institute)">NAMI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aurus_Motors" title="Aurus Motors">Aurus Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AvtoVAZ" title="AvtoVAZ">AvtoVAZ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lada" title="Lada">Lada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lada_Izhevsk" title="Lada Izhevsk">Lada Izhevsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lada_Saint_Petersburg" title="Lada Saint Petersburg">Lada Saint Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIS-AVTO" title="VIS-AVTO">VIS-AVTO/Bronto</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simaz (page does not exist)">Simaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sollers_JSC" title="Sollers JSC">Sollers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sollers_-_Naberezhnye_Chelny" title="Sollers - Naberezhnye Chelny">Naberezhnye Chelny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UAZ" title="UAZ">UAZ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonar_(company)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonar (company) (page does not exist)">Tonar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Automotive_Plant" title="Ural Automotive Plant">UralAZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volgabus" title="Volgabus">Volgabus</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Special_vehicles" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bryansk_Automobile_Plant" title="Bryansk Automobile Plant">BAZ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cheboksarsk_Industrial_Tractor_Plant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cheboksarsk Industrial Tractor Plant (page does not exist)">CheTRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelyabinsk_Tractor_Plant" title="Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant">ChTZ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chelyabinsk_Industrial_Tractor_Plant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chelyabinsk Industrial Tractor Plant (page does not exist)">ChelZPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irmash" title="Irmash">Irmash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalashnikov_Concern" title="Kalashnikov Concern">Kalashnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombat_Armouring" title="Kombat Armouring">Kombat Armouring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PC_Transport_Systems" title="PC Transport Systems">PC Transport Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silant" title="Silant">Silant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinara_Transport_Machines" title="Sinara Transport Machines">Sinara Transport Machines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sokolnichesky_Car-Repair_Plant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sokolnichesky Car-Repair Plant (page does not exist)">SVARZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vologda_Mechanical_Plant" title="Vologda Mechanical Plant">Trans-Alfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TREKOL" title="TREKOL">TREKOL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uralmash" title="Uralmash">Uralmash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uralvagonzavod" title="Uralvagonzavod">Uralvagonzavod</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTTZ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTTZ (page does not exist)">UTTZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarovit_Motors" title="Yarovit Motors">Yarovit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spetsteh" title="Spetsteh">ZVM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Foreign subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Wall_Motor" title="Great Wall Motor">Haval Rus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Foreign companies with former operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Group" title="Mercedes-Benz Group">Daimler Kamaz Rus</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iveco" title="Iveco">Iveco AMT</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAN_Truck_%26_Bus" title="MAN Truck & Bus">MAN Truck & Bus Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazda" title="Mazda">Mazda Sollers</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz Rus</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">PCMA Rus</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volvo_Trucks" title="Volvo Trucks">Volvo Trucks Russia</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Defunct companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amur_(company)" title="Amur (company)">AMUR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avtokam" title="Avtokam">Avtokam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AvtoKuban" title="AvtoKuban">AvtoKuban</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BAW-RUS_Motor_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BAW-RUS Motor Corporation (page does not exist)">BAW-RUS Motor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derways_Automobile_Company" title="Derways Automobile Company">Derways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doninvest" title="Doninvest">Doninvest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TagAZ" title="TagAZ">TagAZ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GolAZ" title="GolAZ">GolAZ</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanashsky_Auto_Aggregate_Factory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanashsky Auto Aggregate Factory (page does not exist)">KAAZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurgan_Wheel_Tractor_Plant" title="Kurgan Wheel Tractor Plant">KZKT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marussia_Motors" title="Marussia Motors">Marussia Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Balt" title="Russo-Balt">Russo-Balt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hino_Motors" title="Hino Motors">Hino Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tractor_Research_Institution" class="mw-redirect" title="Tractor Research Institution">NATI</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trolza" title="Trolza">Trolza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SeAZ" title="SeAZ">SeAZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOK_Group" title="SOK Group">SOK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sollers_JSC" title="Sollers JSC">Sollers-Dalny Vostok</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Motor-Tractor_Plant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimir Motor-Tractor Plant (page does not exist)">VMTZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yo-Mobile" title="Yo-Mobile">Yo-Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZiL" title="ZiL">ZiL</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_federal_highways" title="Russian federal highways">Russian federal highways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_International_Automobile_Salon" title="Moscow International Automobile Salon">Moscow International Automobile Salon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoreview_Car_Assessment_Program" title="Autoreview Car Assessment Program">Autoreview Car Assessment Program</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Automotive_industry_in_Russia" title="Category:Automotive industry in Russia">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Automotive_industry_in_Russia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Automotive industry in Russia">Commons</a></li> <li><sup><small>1</small></sup> the company is no longer in the automotive manufacturing business</li> <li><sup><small>2</small></sup> former joint ventures</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="GAZ,_a_subsidiary_of_GAZ_Group,_car_timeline,_1930–1959_—_next_»" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:GAZ_timeline_1930-1959" title="Template:GAZ timeline 1930-1959"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:GAZ_timeline_1930-1959" title="Template talk:GAZ timeline 1930-1959"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:GAZ_timeline_1930-1959" title="Special:EditPage/Template:GAZ timeline 1930-1959"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="GAZ,_a_subsidiary_of_GAZ_Group,_car_timeline,_1930–1959_—_next_»" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">GAZ</a>, a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/GAZ_Group" title="GAZ Group">GAZ Group</a>, car timeline, 1930–1959 — <a href="/wiki/Template:GAZ_timeline_1960-present" title="Template:GAZ timeline 1960-present"><small>next</small> »</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%" class="wraplinks"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"> <td rowspan="2" width="10%"><b>Type</b> </td> <td colspan="10" width="30%">1930s </td> <td colspan="10" width="30%">1940s </td> <td colspan="10" width="30%">1950s </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"> <td width="3%">0</td> <td width="3%">1</td> <td width="3%">2</td> <td width="3%">3</td> <td width="3%">4</td> <td width="3%">5</td> <td width="3%">6</td> <td width="3%">7</td> <td width="3%">8</td> <td width="3%">9 </td> <td width="3%">0</td> <td width="3%">1</td> <td width="3%">2</td> <td width="3%">3</td> <td width="3%">4</td> <td width="3%">5</td> <td width="3%">6</td> <td width="3%">7</td> <td width="3%">8</td> <td width="3%">9 </td> <td width="3%">0</td> <td width="3%">1</td> <td width="3%">2</td> <td width="3%">3</td> <td width="3%">4</td> <td width="3%">5</td> <td width="3%">6</td> <td width="3%">7</td> <td width="3%">8</td> <td width="3%">9 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Executive_car" title="Executive car">Executive car</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-A" title="GAZ-A">GAZ-A</a> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-M1" title="GAZ-M1">GAZ-M1</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-M20_Pobeda" title="GAZ-M20 Pobeda">GAZ-M20 Pobeda</a> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-21" title="GAZ-21">GAZ-21 Volga</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Luxury_car" title="Luxury car">Luxury car</a> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-12_ZIM" title="GAZ-12 ZIM">GAZ-12 ZIM</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/4x4" class="mw-redirect" title="4x4">4x4</a> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-61" title="GAZ-61">GAZ-61</a> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-M20_Pobeda#Versions" title="GAZ-M20 Pobeda">GAZ-M72</a> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-64" title="GAZ-64">GAZ-64</a> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-67" title="GAZ-67">GAZ-67</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-69" title="GAZ-69">GAZ-69</a> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Truck" title="Truck">Truck</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="16" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_AA" title="Ford Model AA">GAZ-AA</a> </td> <td colspan="12" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-63" class="mw-redirect" title="GAZ-63">GAZ-63</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_AA" title="Ford Model AA">GAZ-AAA</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="14" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-51" title="GAZ-51">GAZ-51</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="8" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="12" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-MM" title="GAZ-MM">GAZ-MM</a> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="«_previous_—_GAZ,_a_subsidiary_of_GAZ_Group,_car_timeline,_1960–present" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:GAZ_timeline_1960-present" title="Template:GAZ timeline 1960-present"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:GAZ_timeline_1960-present" title="Template talk:GAZ timeline 1960-present"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:GAZ_timeline_1960-present" title="Special:EditPage/Template:GAZ timeline 1960-present"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="«_previous_—_GAZ,_a_subsidiary_of_GAZ_Group,_car_timeline,_1960–present" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Template:GAZ_timeline_1930-1959" title="Template:GAZ timeline 1930-1959">« <small>previous</small></a> — <a class="mw-selflink selflink">GAZ</a>, a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/GAZ_Group" title="GAZ Group">GAZ Group</a>, car timeline, 1960–present</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%" class="wraplinks"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"> <td rowspan="2" width="10%"><b>Type</b> </td> <td colspan="10" width="20%">1960s </td> <td colspan="10" width="20%">1970s </td> <td colspan="10" width="20%">1980s </td> <td colspan="10" width="20%">1990s </td> <td colspan="10" width="20%">2000s </td> <td colspan="10" width="20%">2010s </td> <td colspan="4" width="20%">2020s </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"> <td width="1%">0</td> <td width="1%">1</td> <td width="1%">2</td> <td width="1%">3</td> <td width="1%">4</td> <td width="1%">5</td> <td width="1%">6</td> <td width="1%">7</td> <td width="1%">8</td> <td width="1%">9 </td> <td width="1%">0</td> <td width="1%">1</td> <td width="1%">2</td> <td width="1%">3</td> <td width="1%">4</td> <td width="1%">5</td> <td width="1%">6</td> <td width="1%">7</td> <td width="1%">8</td> <td width="1%">9 </td> <td width="1%">0</td> <td width="1%">1</td> <td width="1%">2</td> <td width="1%">3</td> <td width="1%">4</td> <td width="1%">5</td> <td width="1%">6</td> <td width="1%">7</td> <td width="1%">8</td> <td width="1%">9 </td> <td width="1%">0</td> <td width="1%">1</td> <td width="1%">2</td> <td width="1%">3</td> <td width="1%">4</td> <td width="1%">5</td> <td width="1%">6</td> <td width="1%">7</td> <td width="1%">8</td> <td width="1%">9 </td> <td width="1%">0</td> <td width="1%">1</td> <td width="1%">2</td> <td width="1%">3</td> <td width="1%">4</td> <td width="1%">5</td> <td width="1%">6</td> <td width="1%">7</td> <td width="1%">8</td> <td width="1%">9 </td> <td width="1%">0</td> <td width="1%">1</td> <td width="1%">2</td> <td width="1%">3</td> <td width="1%">4</td> <td width="1%">5</td> <td width="1%">6</td> <td width="1%">7</td> <td width="1%">8</td> <td width="1%">9 </td> <td width="1%">0</td> <td width="1%">1</td> <td width="1%">2</td> <td width="1%">3 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Mid-size" class="mw-redirect" title="Mid-size">Mid-size</a> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ_Volga_Siber" title="GAZ Volga Siber">Volga Siber</a> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Executive_car" title="Executive car">Executive car</a> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-21" title="GAZ-21">GAZ М21 Volga</a> </td> <td colspan="15" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-24" title="GAZ-24">GAZ-24 Volga</a> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-24-10" class="mw-redirect" title="GAZ-24-10">GAZ-24-10 Volga</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-31029" title="GAZ-31029">GAZ-31029 Volga</a> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-3110" title="GAZ-3110">GAZ-3110 Volga</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-31105" title="GAZ-31105">GAZ-31105 Volga</a> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="28" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-3102" title="GAZ-3102">GAZ-3102 Volga</a> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-3105" title="GAZ-3105">GAZ-3105 Volga</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-3111" title="GAZ-3111">GAZ-3111 Volga</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Luxury_car" title="Luxury car">Luxury car</a> </td> <td colspan="21" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-13" title="GAZ-13">GAZ-13 Chaika</a> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="12" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-14" title="GAZ-14">GAZ-14 Chaika</a> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Light_commercial_vehicle" title="Light commercial vehicle">LCV</a> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="16" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZelle" title="GAZelle">GAZelle</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZelle" title="GAZelle">GAZelle Business</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="11" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZelle_NEXT" title="GAZelle NEXT">GAZelle NEXT</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZelle_NEXT" title="GAZelle NEXT">NN</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Truck" title="Truck">Truck</a> </td> <td colspan="15" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-51" title="GAZ-51">GAZ-51</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="32" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZon" class="mw-redirect" title="GAZon">GAZ-3307 and GAZ-3309</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="9" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-63" class="mw-redirect" title="GAZ-63">GAZ-63</a> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="24" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ_Sadko" class="mw-redirect" title="GAZ Sadko">GAZ-3308 Sadko</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="36" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-53" title="GAZ-53">GAZ-52/GAZ-53</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="12" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ_Valdai" title="GAZ Valdai">GAZ-3310 Valdai</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="12" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ_Valdai" title="GAZ Valdai">Valdai NEXT</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="35" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZ-66" title="GAZ-66">GAZ-66</a> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/GAZon_NEXT" title="GAZon NEXT">GAZon NEXT and Sadko NEXT</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28616#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28616#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/131057830">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="GAZ (automobily)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph914287&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=GAZ&params=56_14_47.20_N_43_53_23.58_E_region:RU_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°14′47.20″N</span> <span class="longitude">43°53′23.58″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.2464444°N 43.8898833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.2464444; 43.8898833</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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