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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Characteristics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origin_of_the_shehnai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin_of_the_shehnai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Origin of the shehnai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origin_of_the_shehnai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_Indian_shehnai_players" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_Indian_shehnai_players"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notable Indian shehnai players</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_Indian_shehnai_players-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_Related_Wind_Instruments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_Related_Wind_Instruments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Other Related Wind Instruments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_Related_Wind_Instruments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%87%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="شهناي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شهناي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87" title="চেহনাই – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চেহনাই" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87" title="সানাই – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সানাই" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarunai" title="Sarunai – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Sarunai" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Shehnai" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Shehnai" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Shehnai" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Shehnai" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Shehnai" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A3%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%88" title="શરણાઈ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="શરણાઈ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B5" title="Շահնայ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շահնայ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="शहनाई – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शहनाई" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serunai_(alat_musik)" title="Serunai (alat musik) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Serunai (alat musik)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanai" title="Shanai – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Shanai" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serunai" title="Serunai – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Serunai" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BF" title="ಶೆಹನಾಯಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಶೆಹನಾಯಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шехнай – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шехнай" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0achnajus" title="Šachnajus – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šachnajus" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D" title="ഷെഹ്‌നായ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഷെഹ്‌നായ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%88" title="सनई – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सनई" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serunai" title="Serunai – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Serunai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarunai" title="Sarunai – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Sarunai" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="सहनाई – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सहनाई" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88" title="ਸ਼ਹਿਨਾਈ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸ਼ਹਿਨਾਈ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="شہنائی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شہنائی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Shehnai" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Shehnai" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шахнай – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шахнай" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shehnai" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1%D9%90" title="شرناءِ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="شرناءِ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Shehnai" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="செனாய் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செனாய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%8D" title="షెహనాయ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="షెహనాయ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="شہنائی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شہنائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%94%A2%E5%91%90" title="印度唢呐 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="印度唢呐" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q847911#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shehnai" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Indian reed musical instrument</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the films, see <a href="/wiki/Shehnai_(1947_film)" title="Shehnai (1947 film)"><i>Shehnai</i> (1947 film)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shehnai_(1964_film)" title="Shehnai (1964 film)"><i>Shehnai</i> (1964 film)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Shehnai</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shehnai.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Shehnai.jpg/122px-Shehnai.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Shehnai.jpg/183px-Shehnai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Shehnai.jpg/244px-Shehnai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="1224" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left">Sharnai, Saanai, Sahnai, Sanai, Serunai, Shahnai, Shanai, Shenai, Shenoy, Sahnai, Babol Basi</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument_classification" title="Musical instrument classification">Classification</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_reed" title="Double reed">Double reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_instrument" title="Wind instrument">Wind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerophone" title="Aerophone">Aerophone</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument" title="Musical instrument">Related instruments</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nadaswaram" title="Nadaswaram">nadaswaram</a></li> <li>sundari/Mukhaveene</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suona" title="Suona">suona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hne" title="Hne">Hne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopila" title="Sopila">sopila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zurna" title="Zurna">zurna</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <i><b>shehnai</b></i>, is a type of <a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">oboe</a> originating from the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Grove_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grove-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is made of wood, with a <a href="/wiki/Double_reed" title="Double reed">double reed</a> at one end and a metal or wooden flared bell at the other end.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was one of the nine instruments found in the royal court. The shehnai is similar to <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Nadaswaram" title="Nadaswaram">nadaswaram</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shehnai&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This tubular instrument gradually broadens towards the lower end. It usually has between six and nine holes. It employs one set of <a href="/wiki/Quadruple_reed" title="Quadruple reed">quadruple reeds</a>, making it a <a href="/wiki/Quadruple_reed" title="Quadruple reed">quadruple reed</a> <a href="/wiki/Woodwind" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodwind">woodwind</a>. To master the instrument, the <a href="/wiki/Musician" title="Musician">musician</a> must employ various and intricate <a href="/wiki/Embouchure" title="Embouchure">embouchure</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fingering_(music)" title="Fingering (music)">fingering</a> techniques.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The shehnai has a range of two <a href="/wiki/Octave" title="Octave">octaves</a>, from the A below <a href="/wiki/Middle_C" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle C">middle C</a> to the A one line above the treble clef (A3 to A5 in <a href="/wiki/Scientific_pitch_notation" title="Scientific pitch notation">scientific pitch notation</a>). A shehnai is often but not always made with a body of <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a> and a flared <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a> end.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin_of_the_shehnai">Origin of the shehnai</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shehnai&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origin of the shehnai"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The shehnai is thought to have been developed by improving upon the <a href="/wiki/Pungi" title="Pungi">pungi</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> (a woodwind folk instrument used primarily for <a href="/wiki/Snake_charming" title="Snake charming">snake charming</a>). </p><p>The counterparts to the shehnai played in <a href="/wiki/Western_India" title="Western India">Western India</a> and Coastal Karnataka are indigenous to the territory. Shehnai players were/are an integral part of Goan/Konkani region and the temples along the western coast and the players are called <i>Vajantri</i> and were allotted lands for services- rendered to the temples.<sup id="cite_ref-goa_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goa-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shehnai&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It takes a lot of effort to play these instruments. The performance of the instrumentalist is essential, especially for the long and fast-paced song. <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Kannada film <a href="/wiki/Sanaadi_Appanna" title="Sanaadi Appanna"><i>Sanaadi Appanna</i></a> this instrument was used widely. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shehnai&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sahane.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Nepalese version, called the sahane, has a curve and is played in the panche baja."><img alt="The Nepalese version, called the sahane, has a curve and is played in the panche baja." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sahane.jpg/87px-Sahane.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sahane.jpg/130px-Sahane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sahane.jpg/173px-Sahane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="988" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Nepalese version, called the <i>sahane</i>, has a curve and is played in the <a href="/wiki/Panche_baja" title="Panche baja">panche baja</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_tribal_shehnai_player.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A shehnai player."><img alt="A shehnai player." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/A_tribal_shehnai_player.jpg/120px-A_tribal_shehnai_player.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/A_tribal_shehnai_player.jpg/180px-A_tribal_shehnai_player.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/A_tribal_shehnai_player.jpg/240px-A_tribal_shehnai_player.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5782" data-file-height="3855" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A shehnai player.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Indian_shehnai_players">Notable Indian shehnai players</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shehnai&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notable Indian shehnai players"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bismillah_Khan" title="Bismillah Khan">Bismillah Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anant_Lal" title="Anant Lal">Anant Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Ahmed_Hussain_Khan" title="Ali Ahmed Hussain Khan">Ali Ahmed Hussain Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S_Ballesh_Bhajantri" class="mw-redirect" title="S Ballesh Bhajantri">S Ballesh Bhajantri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokesh_Anand" title="Lokesh Anand">Lokesh Anand</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_Related_Wind_Instruments">Other Related Wind Instruments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shehnai&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other Related Wind Instruments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mizmar_(instrument)" title="Mizmar (instrument)">Mizmar</a>, a shawm similar to the shehnai</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadaswaram" title="Nadaswaram">Nadaswaram</a>, a similar South Indian instrument</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_instrument" class="mw-redirect" title="Reed instrument">Reed instrument</a>, a type of woodwind instrument</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawm" title="Shawm">Shawm</a>, a type of reed instrument</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shehnai&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Grove-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Grove_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFlora1984" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Flora, Ries (1984). "Śahnāī". In Sadie, Stanley (ed.). <i>The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments</i>. Vol. 3. pp. 283–284.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%C5%9Aahn%C4%81%C4%AB&rft.btitle=The+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Musical+Instruments&rft.pages=283-284&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Flora&rft.aufirst=Ries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShehnai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/shehnai">"Shehnai | musical instrument"</a>. <i>Britannica</i>. www.britannica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shehnai+%7C+musical+instrument&rft.btitle=Britannica&rft.pub=www.britannica.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2Fshehnai&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShehnai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Ra">Ranade. p. 307</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Ho">Hoiberg, p. 1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/indi/hd_indi.htm">"shehnai"</a>. <i>metmuseum.org</i>. Allen Roda<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=metmuseum.org&rft.atitle=shehnai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Ftoah%2Fhd%2Findi%2Fhd_indi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShehnai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-goa-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-goa_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Gazetteer of the Union Territory Goa, Daman and Diu: district gazetteer, Volume 1</i>. Gazetteer Dept., Govt. of the Union Territory of Goa, Daman and Diu. 1979.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gazetteer+of+the+Union+Territory+Goa%2C+Daman+and+Diu%3A+district+gazetteer%2C+Volume+1&rft.pub=Gazetteer+Dept.%2C+Govt.+of+the+Union+Territory+of+Goa%2C+Daman+and+Diu&rft.date=1979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShehnai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bismillah-Khan">"Bismillah Khan | Biography, Music, & Facts | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i>. 2024-07-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Bismillah+Khan+%7C+Biography%2C+Music%2C+%26+Facts+%7C+Britannica&rft.date=2024-07-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FBismillah-Khan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShehnai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shehnai&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Ra" class="citation book cs1">Ranade, Ashok Damodar (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cFwbGi3oBHgC&q=Shehnai&pg=PA307"><i>Music contexts: a concise dictionary of Hindustani Music</i></a>. Bibliophile South Asia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-85002-63-0" title="Special:BookSources/81-85002-63-0"><bdi>81-85002-63-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Music+contexts%3A+a+concise+dictionary+of+Hindustani+Music&rft.pub=Bibliophile+South+Asia&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=81-85002-63-0&rft.aulast=Ranade&rft.aufirst=Ashok+Damodar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcFwbGi3oBHgC%26q%3DShehnai%26pg%3DPA307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShehnai" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Ho" class="citation book cs1">Hoiberg, Dale; Indu Ramchandani (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DPP7O3nb3g0C&q=Shehnai&pg=PA1"><i>Students' Britannica India</i></a>. Popular Prakashan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780852297605" title="Special:BookSources/9780852297605"><bdi>9780852297605</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Students%27+Britannica+India&rft.pub=Popular+Prakashan&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780852297605&rft.aulast=Hoiberg&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft.au=Indu+Ramchandani&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDPP7O3nb3g0C%26q%3DShehnai%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShehnai" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Double_reed_instruments" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:beige;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Double_reed" title="Template:Double reed"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Double_reed" title="Template talk:Double reed"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Double_reed" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Double reed"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Double_reed_instruments" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Double_reed" title="Double reed">Double reed</a> instruments</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:beige;"><div>(also includes those with <a href="/wiki/Quadruple_reed" title="Quadruple reed">quadruple</a> and sextuple reeds; does not include <a href="/wiki/Bagpipes" title="Bagpipes">bagpipes</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">European classical<br />(modern)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo_oboe" title="Piccolo oboe">Piccolo oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo_heckelphone" title="Piccolo heckelphone">Piccolo heckelphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">Oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe_d%27amore" title="Oboe d'amore">Oboe d'amore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cor_anglais" title="Cor anglais">Cor anglais (English horn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_oboe" title="Bass oboe">Bass oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heckelphone" title="Heckelphone">Heckelphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupophon" title="Lupophon">Lupophon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrabass_oboe" title="Contrabass oboe">Contrabass oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenoroon" title="Tenoroon">Tenoroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassoon" title="Bassoon">Bassoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-contrabassoon" title="Semi-contrabassoon">Semi-contrabassoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrabassoon" title="Contrabassoon">Contrabassoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contraforte" title="Contraforte">Contraforte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrabassophone" title="Contrabassophone">Contrabassophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_contrabass" title="Reed contrabass">Reed contrabass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarrusophone" title="Sarrusophone">Sarrusophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rothphone" title="Rothphone">Rothphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._D._Q._Bach#Tromboon" title="P. D. Q. Bach">Tromboon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">European classical<br />(historical)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aulos" title="Aulos">Aulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe#Baroque" title="Oboe">Baroque oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassanello" title="Bassanello">Bassanello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornamuse" title="Cornamuse">Cornamuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cromorne" title="Cromorne">Cromorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crumhorn" title="Crumhorn">Crumhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulcian" title="Dulcian">Dulcian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirtenschalmei" title="Hirtenschalmei">Hirtenschalmei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kortholt" title="Kortholt">Kortholt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe_da_caccia" title="Oboe da caccia">Oboe da caccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pommer" title="Pommer">Pommer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rackett" title="Rackett">Rackett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rauschpfeife" title="Rauschpfeife">Rauschpfeife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawm" title="Shawm">Shawm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">African traditional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algaita" title="Algaita">Algaita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhaita" title="Rhaita">Rhaita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zukra" title="Zukra">Zukra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">Asian traditional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balaban_(instrument)" title="Balaban (instrument)">Balaban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duduk" title="Duduk">Duduk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guan_(instrument)" title="Guan (instrument)">Guan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyaling" title="Gyaling">Gyaling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hichiriki" title="Hichiriki">Hichiriki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hne" title="Hne">Hne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A8n" title="Kèn">Kèn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A8n_b%E1%BA%A7u" title="Kèn bầu">Kèn bầu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A8n_%C4%91%C3%A1m_ma" title="Kèn đám ma">Kèn đám ma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzhal" title="Kuzhal">Kuzhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizmar_(instrument)" title="Mizmar (instrument)">Mizmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadaswaram" title="Nadaswaram">Nadaswaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottu_(instrument)" title="Ottu (instrument)">Ottu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_(instrument)" title="Pi (instrument)">Pi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piri_(instrument)" title="Piri (instrument)">Piri</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shehnai</a></li> <li>Sundari</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorna" title="Sorna">Sorna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sralai" title="Sralai">Sralai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suona" title="Suona">Suona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taepyeongso" title="Taepyeongso">Taepyeongso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangmuri" title="Tangmuri">Tangmuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zurna" title="Zurna">Zurna/Surnai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">European traditional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aulos" title="Aulos">Aulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bifora" title="Bifora">Bifora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birbyn%C4%97" title="Birbynė">Birbynė</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombard_(musical_instrument)" title="Bombard (musical instrument)">Bombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_shawm" title="Catalan shawm">Catalan shawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulzaina" title="Dulzaina">Dulzaina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gra%C3%AFle" title="Graïle">Graïle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gralla_(instrument)" title="Gralla (instrument)">Gralla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo_oboe" title="Piccolo oboe">Musette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piffero" title="Piffero">Piffero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopila" title="Sopila">Sopila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1rogat%C3%B3" title="Tárogató">Tárogató</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zurna" title="Zurna">Zurna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surma-horn" title="Surma-horn">Surma-horn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">American traditional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chirimia" title="Chirimia">Chirimía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trompeta_china" title="Trompeta china">Trompeta china</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indian_musical_instruments" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_musical_instruments" title="Template:Indian musical instruments"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indian_musical_instruments" title="Template talk:Indian musical instruments"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indian_musical_instruments" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indian musical instruments"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indian_musical_instruments" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_musical_instruments" title="List of Indian musical instruments">Indian musical instruments</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wind (Sushir)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bansuri" title="Bansuri">Bansuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_organ#In_the_Indian_subcontinent" title="Pump organ">Harmonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnay" title="Karnay">Karnay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombu_(instrument)" title="Kombu (instrument)">Kombu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzhal" title="Kuzhal">Kuzhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadaswaram" title="Nadaswaram">Nadaswaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nafir" title="Nafir">Nafir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pungi" title="Pungi">Pungi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankha" title="Shankha">Shankha</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shehnai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shruti_box" title="Shruti box">Shruti box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sringa" title="Sringa">Sringa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tharai" title="Tharai">Tharai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venu" title="Venu">Venu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plucked Stringed (Tat)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dotara" title="Dotara">Dotara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ektara" title="Ektara">Ektara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottuvadhyam" class="mw-redirect" title="Gottuvadhyam">Gottuvadhyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pena_(musical_instrument)" title="Pena (musical instrument)">Pena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudra_veena" title="Rudra veena">Rudra veena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santoor" title="Santoor">Santoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati_veena" title="Saraswati veena">Saraswati veena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarod" title="Sarod">Sarod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seni_rebab" title="Seni rebab">Seni Rebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitar" title="Sitar">Sitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surbahar" title="Surbahar">Surbahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarabat" title="Swarabat">Swarabat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarmandal" title="Swarmandal">Swarmandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanpura" title="Tanpura">Tanpura</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_tanpura" title="Electronic tanpura">Electronic tanpura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veena" title="Veena">Veena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vichitra_veena" title="Vichitra veena">Vichitra veena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazh" title="Yazh">Yazh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bowed Stringed (Vitat)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esraj" title="Esraj">Dilruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esraj" title="Esraj">Esraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi">Sarangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarinda_(instrument)" title="Sarinda (instrument)">Sarinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taus_(instrument)" title="Taus (instrument)">Taus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violin" title="Violin">Violin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Membranous Percussion (Avanaddh)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anandalahari" title="Anandalahari">Anandalahari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chande" title="Chande">Chande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenda" title="Chenda">Chenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damaru" title="Damaru">Damaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhak_(instrument)" title="Dhak (instrument)">Dhaak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duggi_(drum)" title="Duggi (drum)">Duggi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhol" title="Dhol">Dhol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dholak" title="Dholak">Dholak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dholki" class="mw-redirect" title="Dholki">Dholki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idakka" title="Idakka">Edakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanjira" title="Kanjira">Kanjira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khamak" title="Khamak">Khamak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khol" title="Khol">Khol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madal" title="Madal">Madal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardala" title="Mardala">Mardala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizhavu" title="Mizhavu">Mizhav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mridangam" title="Mridangam">Mridangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naqareh" title="Naqareh">Nagada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakhavaj" title="Pakhavaj">Pakhawaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parai" title="Parai">Parai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambal_(drum)" title="Sambal (drum)">Sambal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabla" title="Tabla">Tabla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jori_(instrument)" title="Jori (instrument)">Jori (instrument)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thavil" title="Thavil">Tavil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udukai" title="Udukai">Udukai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-Membranous Percussion (Ghan)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chimta" title="Chimta">Chimta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghatam" title="Ghatam">Ghatam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghungroo" title="Ghungroo">Ghungroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jal_tarang" title="Jal tarang">Jal tarang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taal_(instrument)" title="Taal (instrument)">Kartal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanjani" title="Khanjani">Khanjani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khartal" title="Khartal">Khartal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taal_(instrument)" title="Taal (instrument)">Manjira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morsing" title="Morsing">Morsing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Sangeet_Vadya" title="Bharatiya Sangeet Vadya">Bharatiya Sangeet Vadya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_music" title="Indian classical music">Indian classical music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_India" title="Music of India">Music of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jivari" title="Jivari">Jivari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical/possibly extinct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80l%C4%81pi%E1%B9%87%C4%AB_v%C4%AB%E1%B9%87%C4%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Ālāpiṇī vīṇā">Ālāpiṇī vīṇā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eka-tantri_vina" class="mw-redirect" title="Eka-tantri vina">Eka-tantri vina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinnari_vina" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinnari vina">Kinnari vina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinaka_vina" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinaka vina">Pinaka vina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Musical_instruments_of_Nepal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Musical_instruments_of_Nepal" title="Template:Musical instruments of Nepal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Musical_instruments_of_Nepal" title="Template talk:Musical instruments of Nepal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Musical_instruments_of_Nepal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Musical instruments of Nepal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Musical_instruments_of_Nepal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nepali_musical_instruments" title="List of Nepali musical instruments">Musical instruments of Nepal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">String</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Plucked</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arbajo" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbajo">Arbajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ektara" title="Ektara">Ektara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungna" title="Tungna">Tungna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Bowed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dakkari" title="Dakkari">Dakkari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piwancha" title="Piwancha">Piwancha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarangi_(Nepal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarangi (Nepal)">Sarangi (Nepal)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wind</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Flutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bansuri" title="Bansuri">Bansuri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Oboes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shehnai</a></li> <li>Pung (<a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%99_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99" class="extiw" title="ne:पुङ सिङ">पुङ सिङ</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Pan_pipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan pipe">Pan pipes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Chongwari <a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" class="extiw" title="ne:चोङ्वारी">चोङ्वारी</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Trumpet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kangling" title="Kangling">Kangling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnal_(instrument)" title="Karnal (instrument)">Karnal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ransingha" title="Ransingha">Ransingha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankha#Uses" title="Shankha">Shanka</a> conch shell</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sringa" title="Sringa">Sringa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Bagpipe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mashak" title="Mashak">Mashak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Percussion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Drums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chyabrung" title="Chyabrung">Chyabrung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damaha" title="Damaha">Damaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damaru" title="Damaru">Damaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damphu_drum" title="Damphu drum">Damphu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaa" title="Dhaa">Dhaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhimay" title="Dhimay">Dhimay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dholak" title="Dholak">Dholak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhy%C4%81ngro" title="Dhyāngro">Dhyāngro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanjari" title="Khanjari">Khanjari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khin" title="Khin">Khin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madal" title="Madal">Madal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naqareh" title="Naqareh">Naqareh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabla" title="Tabla">Tabla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyampko" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyampko">Tyampko</a> (<a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B" class="extiw" title="ne:ट्याम्को">ट्याम्को</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Cymbals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chimta" title="Chimta">Chimtaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhyali" title="Jhyali">Jhyali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhyamta" title="Jhyamta">Jhyamta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Tube zither drum/gong</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yalamber_Baja" title="Yalamber Baja">Yalamber Baja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Bell" title="Bell">Bells</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghanta" title="Ghanta">Ghanta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binayo" title="Binayo">Binayo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jaw_harp" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaw harp">jaw harp</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jew%27s_harp#Murchunga" title="Jew's harp">Murchunga</a> (jaw harp)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slek" class="mw-redirect" title="Slek">Pipirma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urni" title="Urni">Urni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extinct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piwancha" title="Piwancha">Piwancha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="4._Aerophones/Wind_instruments" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aerophones" title="Template:Aerophones"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aerophones" title="Template talk:Aerophones"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aerophones" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aerophones"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="4._Aerophones/Wind_instruments" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">4. <a href="/wiki/Aerophone" title="Aerophone">Aerophones</a>/<a href="/wiki/Wind_instrument" title="Wind instrument">Wind instruments</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">41.<br />Free</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">411. Displacement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sword blade</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whipcracking" title="Whipcracking">Whipcracking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">412. Interruptive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>412.1. Idiophonic <ul><li>412.11. Concussion</li> <li>412.12. Percussion</li> <li>412.13. <a href="/wiki/Free_reed_aerophone" title="Free reed aerophone">Free reed</a></li> <li>412.14. Band/ribbon</li></ul></li> <li>412.2. Non-idiophonic <ul><li>412.21 <a href="/wiki/Siren_disk" title="Siren disk">Rotating</a></li> <li>412.22 <a href="/wiki/Whirly_tube" title="Whirly tube">Whirling</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">413. Plosive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghatam" title="Ghatam">Ghatam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udu" title="Udu">Udu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">42.<br />Non-<br />free<br /> (enclosed)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">421. <a href="/wiki/Flute" title="Flute">Flute</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>421.1. Non-fipple <ul><li>421.11. <a href="/wiki/End-blown_flute" title="End-blown flute">End-blown</a></li> <li>421.12. <a href="/wiki/Side-blown_flute" class="mw-redirect" title="Side-blown flute">Side-blown</a></li> <li>421.13. <a href="/wiki/Vessel_flute" title="Vessel flute">Vessel</a></li></ul></li> <li>421.2. <a href="/wiki/Fipple" title="Fipple">Fipple</a> <ul><li>421.21. External</li> <li>421.22. Internal</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">422. <a href="/wiki/Reed_aerophone" title="Reed aerophone">Reed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>422.1. <a href="/wiki/Double_reed" title="Double reed">Double reed</a> <ul><li>422.11. Single</li> <li>422.12. Multiple</li></ul></li> <li>422.2. <a href="/wiki/Single-reed_instrument" title="Single-reed instrument">Single reed</a> <ul><li>422.21. Single</li> <li>422.22. Multiple</li></ul></li> <li>422.3. Free reed <ul><li>422.31. Single</li> <li>422.32. Multiple</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">423. <a href="/wiki/Brass_instrument" title="Brass instrument">Brass</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>423.1 <a href="/wiki/Natural_horn" title="Natural horn">Natural</a> <ul><li>423.11. <a href="/wiki/Conch_(instrument)" title="Conch (instrument)">Conch</a></li> <li>423.12. Tubular</li></ul></li> <li>423.2 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromatic_horn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chromatic horn (page does not exist)">Chromatic</a> <ul><li>423.21. <a href="/wiki/Keyed_trumpet" title="Keyed trumpet">Keyed</a></li> <li>423.22. <a href="/wiki/Slide_(wind_instrument)" title="Slide (wind instrument)">Slide</a></li> <li>423.23. <a href="/wiki/Brass_instrument_valve" title="Brass instrument valve">Valved</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Reed_aerophones" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Reed_aerophones" title="Template:Reed aerophones"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Reed_aerophones" title="Template talk:Reed aerophones"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Reed_aerophones" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Reed aerophones"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Reed_aerophones" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Reed_aerophone" title="Reed aerophone">Reed aerophones</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Double_reed" title="Double reed">Double reed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bore_(wind_instruments)" title="Bore (wind instruments)">Cylindrical bore</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balaban_(instrument)" title="Balaban (instrument)">Balaban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chirimia" title="Chirimia">Chirimia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duduk" title="Duduk">Duduk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guan_(instrument)" title="Guan (instrument)">Guan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piri_(instrument)" title="Piri (instrument)">Piri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bore_(wind_instruments)" title="Bore (wind instruments)">Conical bore</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bassoon" title="Bassoon">Bassoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombard_(musical_instrument)" title="Bombard (musical instrument)">Bombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cor_anglais" title="Cor anglais">English horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gralla_(instrument)" title="Gralla (instrument)">Gralla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hne" title="Hne">Hne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A8n" title="Kèn">Kèn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">Oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe_d%27amore" title="Oboe d'amore">Oboe d'amore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piston_(music)" title="Piston (music)">Piston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhaita" title="Rhaita">Rhaita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawm" title="Shawm">Shawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopila" title="Sopila">Sopila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taepyeongso" title="Taepyeongso">Taepyeongso</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Single-reed_instrument" title="Single-reed instrument">Single reed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cylindrical bore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alboka" title="Alboka">Alboka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arghul" title="Arghul">Arghul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClban" title="Bülban">Bülban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalumeau" title="Chalumeau">Chalumeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarinet" title="Clarinet">Clarinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplica" title="Diplica">Diplica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launeddas" title="Launeddas">Launeddas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mijwiz" title="Mijwiz">Mijwiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pibgorn_(instrument)" title="Pibgorn (instrument)">Pibgorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reclam_de_xeremies" title="Reclam de xeremies">Reclam de xeremies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sipsi" title="Sipsi">Sipsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xaphoon" title="Xaphoon">Xaphoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaleika" title="Zhaleika">Zhaleika</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conical bore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aulochrome" title="Aulochrome">Aulochrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heckel-clarina" title="Heckel-clarina">Heckel-clarina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heckelphone-clarinet" title="Heckelphone-clarinet">Heckelphone-clarinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octavin" title="Octavin">Octavin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxophone" title="Saxophone">Saxophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1rogat%C3%B3" title="Tárogató">Tárogató</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Free_reed_aerophone" title="Free reed aerophone">Free reed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Single</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bawu" title="Bawu">Bawu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullroarer" title="Bullroarer">Bullroarer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_horn" title="Party horn">Party horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_pipe" title="Pitch pipe">Pitch pipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sneng" title="Sneng">Sneng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accordion" title="Accordion">Accordion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claviola" title="Claviola">Claviola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concertina" title="Concertina">Concertina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Couesnophone" title="Couesnophone">Couesnophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmoneon" title="Harmoneon">Harmoneon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonica" title="Harmonica">Harmonica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromatic_harmonica" title="Chromatic harmonica">Chromatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diatonic_harmonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Diatonic harmonica">Diatonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richter-tuned_harmonica" title="Richter-tuned harmonica">Richter-tuned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tremolo_harmonica" title="Tremolo harmonica">Tremolo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gourd_mouth_organ" title="Gourd mouth organ">Gourd mouth organ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornophone" title="Hornophone">Hornophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulusi" title="Hulusi">Hulusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khene" title="Khene">Khene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusheng" title="Lusheng">Lusheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangtong" title="Mangtong">Mangtong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinshorn" title="Martinshorn">Martinshorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodica" title="Melodica">Melodica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organetto" title="Organetto">Organetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physharmonica" title="Physharmonica">Physharmonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_organ" title="Pump organ">Pump organ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guide-chant" title="Guide-chant">Guide-chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_harmonium" title="Indian harmonium">Indian harmonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthotonophonium" title="Orthotonophonium">Orthotonophonium</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saenghwang" title="Saenghwang">Saenghwang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheng_(instrument)" title="Sheng (instrument)">Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8D_(instrument)" title="Shō (instrument)">Shō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triola" title="Triola">Triola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_(wind_instrument)" title="Yu (wind instrument)">Yu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bore_(wind_instruments)" title="Bore (wind instruments)">Bore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadruple_reed" title="Quadruple reed">Quadruple reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_(instrument)" class="mw-redirect" 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