Calenda - Crises de légitimation politique et recompositions des formes de l’autoritarisme dans l’Afrique du Nord post-2011

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-language" content="" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.ico" /> <title>Calenda - Crises de légitimation politique et recompositions des formes de l’autoritarisme dans l’Afrique du Nord post-2011</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://static-origin.openedition.org/openbarre_/styles/main.css?date=2018-11-06" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/screen.css" media="screen, print" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/print.css" media="print" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-ui-1.8.17.custom.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.form.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-fr.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-de.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-en.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-pt.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-es.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.sprintf.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/calenda.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/common.js"></script> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@calendaSHS" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://calenda.org/1208128" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Crises de légitimation politique et recompositions des formes de l’..." /> <meta property="og:description" content="Quatorze ans après les « Printemps arabes », un double constat s’impose. D’une part, la situation qui prévaut dans la région est loin d’avoir répondu aux espoirs de démocratisation et de justi..." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://calenda.org/images/favicon_150x150.png" /> <meta name="DC.rights" content="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"></head> <body> <div id="ob-breadcrumb" class="ob-breadcrumb-calenda"> <div class="container"> <a href="search">Accueil</a><a href=""><span>Crises de légitimation politique et recompositions des formes de l’autoritarisme dans l’Afrique du Nord post-2011</span></a> </div> </div> <div id="wrapper"> <div id="content"> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-ui-1.8.17.custom.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.form.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-fr.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-de.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-en.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-pt.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-es.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.sprintf.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/calenda.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/common.js"></script> <h2 id="pageTitle" class="title_as_rss"><a href="search">Accueil</a><a href=""><span>Crises de légitimation politique et recompositions des formes de l’autoritarisme dans l’Afrique du Nord post-2011</span></a></h2> <div class="colwrapper"> <div id="icon" class="column"> <h2><a href="search?primary=ftype&ftype=40">Appel à contribution</a><span><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=241">Études du politique</a></span></h2> <div id="tabledates"> <h2>Dates</h2> <div class="list_dates"> <div class="unique_date highlight"> <div class="day"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&fyear=2024&fmonth=12&fday=08">08</a></div> <div class="month"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&fyear=2024&fmonth=12">déc</a></div> <div class="year"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&fyear=2024">2024</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="listcategories"> <h2>Catégories</h2> <ul> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=241">Études du politique</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="document" class="column"> <div id="main"> <div class="titles"> <h1 class="origt"><a href="1208128">Crises de légitimation politique et recompositions des formes de l’autoritarisme dans l’Afrique du Nord post-2011</a></h1> <h2 class="origt">Crises of political legitimation and recompositions of forms of authoritarianism in post-2011 North Africa</h2> <p class="origd">Atelier - 6e congrès des études sur le Moyen-Orient et les mondes musulmans</p> <p class="origd altertitle">Workshop - 6th Congress of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies</p> </div> <div class="mapuce2">*  *  *</div> <p id="pubdate"> Publié le jeudi 21 novembre 2024 </p> <div id="texte"> <div id="resume"> <p class="intitule">Résumé</p> <div class="tabMenu"><a href="#resume-1208128-fr" hreflang="fr" class="active">Français</a> <a href="#resume-1208128-en" hreflang="en">English</a> </div> <div id="resume-1208128-fr" class="tabContent" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Quatorze ans après les « Printemps arabes », un double constat s’impose. D’une part, la situation qui prévaut dans la région est loin d’avoir répondu aux espoirs de démocratisation et de justice sociale à l’origine des révoltes populaires de 2010-2011. D’autre part, les dynamiques politiques en cours dans bon nombre de pays affectés par les soulèvements sont marquées par un retour de l’autoritarisme, associé ou non à une montée du populisme. Nous sollicitons des contributions traitant des processus de restauration et de reprise en main autoritaire à travers des entrées thématiques diverses et des approches disciplinaires variées (science politique, sociologie, économie, anthropologie, etc.).</p> </div> <div id="resume-1208128-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <p style="text-align: left;">Some fourteen years after the Arab Spring, two observations need to be made. On the one hand, the current situation in the region is far from being in line with the hopes for democratization and justice that gave rise to the popular uprisings of 2011. On the other hand, the political dynamics underway in several countries (Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco) are marked by a return –or the emergence of new forms– of authoritarianism, associated or not with a rise in populism. We invite contributions that address the processes of authoritarian restoration or takeover through a variety of thematic entries and disciplinary approaches (political science, sociology, economics, anthropology, etc.).</p> </div> </div> <div id="annonce"> <p class="intitule">Annonce</p> <div class="tabMenu"><a href="#annonce-1208128-fr" hreflang="fr" class="active">Français</a> <a href="#annonce-1208128-en" hreflang="en">English</a> </div> <div id="annonce-1208128-fr" class="tabContent" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <h1>Argumentaire</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Quatorze ans après les « Printemps arabes », un double constat s'impose. D'une part, la situation qui prévaut dans la région est loin d'avoir répondu aux espoirs de démocratisation et de justice sociale à l'origine des révoltes populaires de 2010-2011. D'autre part, les dynamiques politiques en cours dans bon nombre de pays affectés par les soulèvements (Egypte, Tunisie, Algérie, Maroc) sont marquées par un retour – ou l'émergence de formes renouvelées – de l'autoritarisme, associé ou non à une montée du populisme (Gobe, 2022)</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Si les trajectoires des pays concernés ont été fortement différenciées après 2011, donnant lieu à des processus et des configurations politiques très variés, au cours de la période plus récente, force est toutefois de constater un durcissement général des pouvoirs en place. Il se manifeste par une fermeture du jeu politique, en dépit de la poursuite de processus électoraux (Maroc, Algérie, Tunisie), par la restriction des libertés publiques et du droit d'expression, ainsi que par un contrôle accru des médias et du monde associatif. Enfin, on observe le renforcement du rôle politique (et économique) de l'armée (Égypte, Algérie), voire un « contrôle quasi-intégral de l'État par l'armée » (Steuer et Valter, 2021). Les modalités et les processus de reprise en main autoritaire varient en fonction des pays. Ils sont passés par un coup d'État militaire en Égypte ou un auto-coup d'Etat en Tunisie, l'éviction brutale d'organisations politiques arrivées au pouvoir à la faveur des révolutions (islamistes en Égypte et en Tunisie), l'exclusion de la structure du pouvoir, voire le bannissement, de groupes représentant l'élite entrepreneuriale en Algérie, (El Mestari, 2022), ou encore le renforcement de configurations oligarchiques permettant de verrouiller le jeu politique et de réduire l'influence des partis d'opposition, comme au Maroc (Zeroual, 2022).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Dans un contexte de crise de légitimation des pouvoirs en place, les différents processus de restauration ou de reprise en main autoritaire à l'&oelig;uvre entretiennent des liens étroits, d'une part, avec les spécificités des réarrangements politiques et institutionnels induits par les mobilisations populaires de la décennie 2010 (« révolutions » tunisienne et égyptienne, mouvement du 20 février au Maroc, Hirak en Algérie), et d'autre part, avec les recompositions des élites au pouvoir dans chaque pays (Gana, Oubenal, Yankaya, 2002).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Nous formulons l'hypothèse que les processus de restauration et de reprise en main autoritaire ne revêtent pas les mêmes caractéristiques selon que l'on a affaire à un régime autoritaire susceptible de faire des concessions avant de redéployer son appareil répressif et de mobiliser les outils juridiques de désamorçage des champs politique et de la contestation (Algérie et Maroc) ou que l'on est confronté à un régime politique ouvert aux diverses forces politiques et qui est mis au pas par une forme de coup d'État organisé par un acteur clé dudit régime (Égypte et Tunisie).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Il s'agit ici d'analyser les « tournants autoritaires » à la fois en termes « rupture » et de « reconfiguration » en s'intéressant aux dynamiques de « recomposition [...] de la configuration politique dans et par laquelle il est possible d'abuser du pouvoir » (Boutaleb, Vannetzel, Allal, 2018 ; Collombon et Mathieu, 2021).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Dans le cadre de cette approche, nous proposons d'explorer les divers processus de restauration ou de reprise en main autoritaires et d'en cerner les ressorts au prisme de la crise de légitimation politique générée par les bouleversements post-2011. Il s'agit de réfléchir aux nouvelles configurations politiques issues du mouvement de déstabilisation politique, plus ou moins profond, consécutif aux révoltes populaires de 2010-2011 (Desrues, 2020).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ces nouvelles configurations autoritaires seront abordées à travers trois principaux axes en vue d'en comprendre les logiques et les dynamiques sociales : 1. Nous nous intéresserons aux acteurs de la restauration ou de la reprise en main autoritaire aussi bien dans l'appareil d'Etat (principalement l'armée et les services de sécurité) que dans la société (acteurs politiques, syndicaux, associatifs, entrepreneuriaux, etc.), ainsi qu'aux éventuels opposants à cette restauration autoritaire afin de cerner la portée et les limites de l'action des uns et des autres. 2. Nous proposons également de réfléchir aux réformes institutionnelles mises en &oelig;uvre par les régimes autoritaires pour construire leur légitimité, puis 3. d'étudier les instruments législatifs mobilisés par les pouvoirs autoritaires pour museler les oppositions et quadriller la société (Cherni, 2023).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Pour ce faire, nous sollicitons des contributions traitant des processus de restauration et de reprise en main autoritaire à travers des entrées thématiques diverses et des approches disciplinaires variées (science politique, sociologie, économie, anthropologie, etc.).</p> <h1>Modalités de soumission</h1> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Les propositions d’intervention devront être déposées en ligne à travers un formulaire à remplir, disponible sur le site du congrès : <a href="https://momm-strasbourg.sciencesconf.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" shape="rect">https://momm-strasbourg.sciencesconf.org</a></p> <h3 class="MsoNormal">jusqu’au 8 décembre dernier délai. </h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Les propositions devront comporter un titre et un résumé en français et en anglais (moins de 2000 signes, espaces compris), et éventuellement dans une autre langue.</p> <h1>Organisation </h1> <ul> <li>Alia Gana, <span class="name">Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces  (LADYSS-CNRS)</span></li> <li>Eric Gobe, <span class="position"> </span><span class="name">Iremam - CNRS </span></li> </ul> <h1>Références bibliographiques</h1> <ul> <li>Boutaleb A., Vannetzel M., Allal A., « Assujettir. États, institutions et coalitions de gouvernement », In <em>Introduction aux mondes arabes en (r)évolution</em>, Boeck, 2018, 55-92.</li> <li>Gana A., Oubenal M., Yankaya D., (dir), Acteurs économiques et pouvoir politique au Maghreb et au Moyen-Orient post-2011, Dossier<em> Mondes en développement</em>, 2022/2 n° 198, 198 pages.</li> <li>Gobe E., Le populisme de Kais Saïed comme cristallisation de la crise du régime parlementaire tunisien. 2022 (<a href="https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03613984/document" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03613984/document</a> )</li> <li>Desrues T., « Authoritarian resilience and democratic representation in Morocco: Royal interference and political parties' leaderships since the 2016 elections », <em>Mediterranean Politics</em>, 25/2, p. 252-264, 2020, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2018.1543038" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2018.1543038</a></li> <li>Collombon M., et Mathieu L. (Ed.), <em>Dynamiques des tournants autoritaires</em>, Paris, Le Croquant, 2021, p. 11-35.</li> <li>Cherbi M., « La révision constitutionnelle algérienne de 2020. Mettre un terme au Hirak et prévenir sa résurgence par le droit »,<em> Mondes Arabes</em>, 2023/2, N°4, 93-115.</li> <li>El Mestari F., 2022, « Entrepreneurs et pouvoir politique à l'heure du Hirak en Algérie : des intérêts irréconciliables », <em>Mondes en développement</em>, 2022/2 n° 198, 19-36.</li> <li>Steuer C. et Valter S., 2021, Le général et le politique. Le rôle des armées en Turquie et en Égypte, L'Harmattan.Zeroual A., « Pouvoir politique et grand patronat au Maroc », <em>Mondes en développement</em>, 2022/2 n° 198, 109-124.</li> </ul> </div> <div id="annonce-1208128-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <h1>Argument</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Some fourteen years after the Arab Spring, two observations need to be made. On the one hand, the current situation in the region is far from being in line with the hopes for democratization and justice that gave rise to the popular uprisings of 2011. On the other hand, the political dynamics underway in several countries (Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco) are marked by a return - or the emergence of new forms - of authoritarianism, associated or not with a rise in populism (Gobe, 2022).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">While the trajectories of these countries after 2011 were very different, there is now a general hardening of the ruling powers. This can be seen in the closure of the political game, despite the continuation of electoral processes (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia), the restriction of public freedoms and the tightening of control over the media and associations. The political role of the army has also been strengthened (Egypt, Algeria), and there is even "almost complete control of the state by the army" (Steuer and Valter, 2021). The modalities of the authoritarian takeover vary from country to country : military coup in Egypt or self-coup in Tunisia, brutal crackdown on political groups that came to power as a result of the revolutions (Islamists in Egypt and Tunisia), exclusion from the power structure of groups representing the economic elite in Algeria (El Mestari, 2022) or the strengthening of oligarchic configurations to reduce the influence of opposition parties, as in Morocco (Zeroual, 2022).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">In a context of crisis of political legitimacy, the processes of authoritarian restoration or takeover are closely linked, on the one hand, to the specific features of the political and institutional rearrangements brought about by the popular mobilizations of the 2010s (the Tunisian and Egyptian "revolutions", the 20 February movement in Morocco, the Hirak in Algeria) and, on the other, to the recomposition of the ruling elites in each country (Gana, Oubenal, Yankaya).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Our hypothesis is that the processes of restoring or regaining authoritarian control differ depending on whether we are dealing with a regime that is likely to make concessions before redeploying its repressive apparatus and legal instruments to defuse protest (Algeria and Morocco), or with a more open regime that is brought to heel by a coup d'état organised by a key actor in that regime (Egypt and Tunisia).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">The aim here is to analyze "authoritarian shifts" in terms of both "rupture" and "reconfiguration", focusing on the dynamics of "recomposition [...] of the political configuration in and through which it is possible to abuse power" (Boutaleb, Vannetzel, Allal, 2018; Collombon and Mathieu, 2021).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Accordingly, we propose to explore the various processes of restoration or resumption of authoritarian control and to identify the driving forces behind them through the prism of the crisis of political legitimacy generated by the post-2011 upheavals, and to reflect on the new political configurations resulting from the destabilization movement following the popular revolts (Desrues, 2020).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">These configurations will be approached through three axes in order to understand their logics and social dynamics: 1. The actors of the authoritarian takeover, both in the state apparatus (mainly the army and the security services) and in society (political actors, trade unions, associations, entrepreneurs, etc.), as well as possible opponents of this authoritarian restoration, in order to identify the scope and limits of their action. 2. Institutional reforms implemented by authoritarian regimes to build their legitimacy; 3. Legal instruments used to muzzle opposition and control society (Cherni, 2023).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">We invite contributions that address the processes of authoritarian restoration or takeover through a variety of thematic entries and disciplinary approaches (political science, sociology, economics, anthropology, etc.).</p> <h1>Submission guidlines</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Register your proposal by completing the online form : <a href="https://momm-strasbourg.sciencesconf.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" shape="rect">https://momm-strasbourg.sciencesconf.org</a></p> <h3>before 8 December.</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Papers that have not been submitted on the form will not be considered. Proposals simply consist of a title and a summary in French and English as a minimum, and possibly in another language (less than 2000 characters, spaces included). You need to select the chosen theme or discipline to see the related panels. </p> <h1>Organization</h1> <ul> <li>Alia Gana, <span class="name">Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces  (LADYSS-CNRS)</span></li> <li>Eric Gobe, <span class="name">Iremam - CNRS </span></li> </ul> <h1>Bibliography</h1> <ul> <li>Boutaleb A., Vannetzel M., Allal A., « Assujettir. États, institutions et coalitions de gouvernement », In <em>Introduction aux mondes arabes en (r)évolution</em>, Boeck, 2018, 55-92.</li> <li>Gana A., Oubenal M., Yankaya D., (dir), Acteurs économiques et pouvoir politique au Maghreb et au Moyen-Orient post-2011, Dossier<em> Mondes en développement</em>, 2022/2 n° 198, 198 pages.</li> <li>Gobe E., Le populisme de Kais Saïed comme cristallisation de la crise du régime parlementaire tunisien. 2022 (<a href="https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03613984/document" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03613984/document</a> )</li> <li>Desrues T., « Authoritarian resilience and democratic representation in Morocco: Royal interference and political parties' leaderships since the 2016 elections », <em>Mediterranean Politics</em>, 25/2, p. 252-264, 2020, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2018.1543038" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2018.1543038</a></li> <li>Collombon M., et Mathieu L. (Ed.), <em>Dynamiques des tournants autoritaires</em>, Paris, Le Croquant, 2021, p. 11-35.</li> <li>Cherbi M., « La révision constitutionnelle algérienne de 2020. Mettre un terme au Hirak et prévenir sa résurgence par le droit »,<em> Mondes Arabes</em>, 2023/2, N°4, 93-115.</li> <li>El Mestari F., 2022, « Entrepreneurs et pouvoir politique à l'heure du Hirak en Algérie : des intérêts irréconciliables », <em>Mondes en développement</em>, 2022/2 n° 198, 19-36.</li> <li>Steuer C. et Valter S., 2021, Le général et le politique. Le rôle des armées en Turquie et en Égypte, L'Harmattan.Zeroual A., « Pouvoir politique et grand patronat au Maroc », <em>Mondes en développement</em>, 2022/2 n° 198, 109-124.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="categories" class="cat"> <p class="intitule">Catégories</p> <ul> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=241">Études du politique</a> (Catégorie principale)</li> </ul> </div> <div id="lieux"> <p class="intitule">Lieux</p> <ul> <li class="location"> Université de Strasbourg <br/> Strasbourg, France (67) </li> </ul> </div> <div id="eventformats"> <h2 class="intitule">Format de l'événement</h2> <p>Événement uniquement sur site</p><br></div> <div id="dates"> <p class="intitule">Dates</p> <ul> <li>dimanche 08 décembre 2024</li> </ul> </div> <div id="attachments"> <p class="intitule">Fichiers attachés</p> <ul> <li><a href="1208143?file=1" target="_blank">AACAtelierGISMOMM2025.pdf</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="motscles"> <p class="intitule">Mots-clés</p> <ul> <li>afrique du Nord, autoritarisme, populisme, révoltes, recompositions des systèmes de pouvoir</li> </ul> </div> <div id="contacts"> <p class="intitule">Contacts</p> <ul> <li>Alia Gana<br/><em>courriel :</em> ganaalia0 [at] gmail [dot] com<br/></li> <li>Eric Gobe<br/><em>courriel :</em> jbheuman [at] gmail [dot] com<br/></li> </ul> </div> <div id="refurl"> <p class="intitule">URLS de référence</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://momm-strasbourg.sciencesconf.org/">Congrès du GIS MOMM 2025</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="source"> <p class="intitule">Source de l'information</p> <ul> <li>Alia Gana<br/><em>courriel :</em> ganaalia0 [at] gmail [dot] com</li> </ul> </div> <div id="license"> <p class="intitule">Licence</p> <p><a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"><img alt="CC0-1.0" class="cc" src="images/cc0-88x31.png" /></a> Cette annonce est mise à disposition selon les termes de la <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universel</a>.</p> </div> <div id="citation"> <p class="intitule">Pour citer cette annonce</p> <p>« Crises de légitimation politique et recompositions des formes de l’autoritarisme dans l’Afrique du Nord post-2011 », <span class="category">Appel à contribution</span>, <em>Calenda</em>, Publié le jeudi 21 novembre 2024, <a class="url" href="https://doi.org/10.58079/12qiv">https://doi.org/10.58079/12qiv</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="news" class="column last"> <div id="imprimable"> <a id="impression" onclick="javascript:window.open('1208128?formatage=print', '', 'menubar=yes,toolbar=no,scrollbars=yes,width=800,height=600');return false;" href="1208128?formatage=print">Imprimer</a> <a id="signaler" 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