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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Atlantic_Basin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atlantic_Basin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Atlantic Basin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atlantic_Basin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_section" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_section"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Middle section</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_section-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ebro_Valley" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ebro_Valley"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Ebro Valley</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ebro_Valley-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plaiaundi_Ecology_Park" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plaiaundi_Ecology_Park"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.4</span> <span>Plaiaundi Ecology Park</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plaiaundi_Ecology_Park-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Major_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Major cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Governmental_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governmental_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Governmental institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governmental_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Present-day_political_dynamics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Present-day_political_dynamics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Present-day political dynamics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Present-day_political_dynamics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Territorial_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Territorial_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Territorial issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Territorial_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.3</span> <span>Airports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seaports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seaports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.4</span> <span>Seaports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seaports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Basque Country (autonomous community)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 127 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-127" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">127 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BC_%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D1%8A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Баскхэм я Къэрал – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Баскхэм я Къэрал" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%BE" title="Баск къэралыгъо – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Баск къэралыгъо" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outonome_Gemeenskap_van_die_Baskeland" title="Outonome Gemeenskap van die Baskeland – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Outonome Gemeenskap van die Baskeland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonome_Gemeinschaft_Baskenland" title="Autonome Gemeinschaft Baskenland – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Autonome Gemeinschaft Baskenland" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A3%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%AD_%E1%88%80%E1%8C%88%E1%88%AD" title="ባስክ ሀገር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ባስክ ሀገር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wascisc_Land" title="Wascisc Land – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Wascisc Land" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83" title="منطقة إقليم الباسك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="منطقة إقليم الباسك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_Basco" title="País Basco – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="País Basco" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payis_b%C3%A2sco_(comun%C3%B4t%C3%A2t_%C3%B4tonoma)" title="Payis bâsco (comunôtât ôtonoma) – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Payis bâsco (comunôtât ôtonoma)" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_Vascu" title="País Vascu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="País Vascu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basklar_%C3%B6lk%C9%99si" title="Basklar ölkəsi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Basklar ölkəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euskadi" title="Euskadi – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Euskadi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Краіна Баскаў – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Краіна Баскаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Краіна Баскаў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Краіна Баскаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82" title="Баска автономна област – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Баска автономна област" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskija_(autonomna_zajednica)" title="Baskija (autonomna zajednica) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Baskija (autonomna zajednica)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumuniezh_Emren_Euskadi" title="Kumuniezh Emren Euskadi – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kumuniezh Emren Euskadi" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunitat_Aut%C3%B2noma_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Basc" title="Comunitat Autònoma del País Basc – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Comunitat Autònoma del País Basc" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%95%D0%BD" title="Баск Ен – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Баск Ен" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euskal_Autonomia_Erkidegoa_/_Comunidad_Aut%C3%B3noma_Vasca" title="Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa / Comunidad Autónoma Vasca – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa / Comunidad Autónoma Vasca" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskicko_(autonomn%C3%AD_spole%C4%8Denstv%C3%AD)" title="Baskicko (autonomní společenství) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Baskicko (autonomní společenství)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymuned_Ymreolaethol_Gwlad_y_Basg" title="Cymuned Ymreolaethol Gwlad y Basg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cymuned Ymreolaethol Gwlad y Basg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskerlandet_(region_i_Spanien)" title="Baskerlandet (region i Spanien) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Baskerlandet (region i Spanien)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonome_Gemeinschaft_Baskenland" title="Autonome Gemeinschaft Baskenland – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Autonome Gemeinschaft Baskenland" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baski_autonoomne_piirkond" title="Baski autonoomne piirkond – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Baski autonoomne piirkond" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%92%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%BA%CF%89%CE%BD_(%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1)" title="Χώρα των Βάσκων (αυτόνομη κοινότητα) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χώρα των Βάσκων (αυτόνομη κοινότητα)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_Vasco" title="País Vasco – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="País Vasco" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C5%ADska_A%C5%ADtonoma_Komunumo" title="Eŭska Aŭtonoma Komunumo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eŭska Aŭtonoma Komunumo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_Vascu" title="País Vascu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="País Vascu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euskal_Autonomia_Erkidegoa" title="Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9_(%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1)" title="سرزمین باسک (منطقه خودمختار) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرزمین باسک (منطقه خودمختار)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pays_basque_(communaut%C3%A9_autonome)" title="Pays basque (communauté autonome) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pays basque (communauté autonome)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskel%C3%A2n_(autonome_mienskip)" title="Baskelân (autonome mienskip) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Baskelân (autonome mienskip)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%ADr_na_mBascach_Theas" title="Tír na mBascach Theas – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tír na mBascach Theas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_%C3%87heer_Vascagh_(boodeeys_hene-reiltagh)" title="Yn Çheer Vascagh (boodeeys hene-reiltagh) – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Çheer Vascagh (boodeeys hene-reiltagh)" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B9thaich_nam_Basgach_(ce%C3%A0rn_f%C3%A8in-riaghlaidh)" title="Dùthaich nam Basgach (ceàrn fèin-riaghlaidh) – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Dùthaich nam Basgach (ceàrn fèin-riaghlaidh)" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_Vasco" title="País Vasco – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="País Vasco" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EC%A3%BC" title="바스크주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바스크주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%98%C4%80ina_Basque" title="‘Āina Basque – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="‘Āina Basque" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%AB%D6%80" title="Բասկերի երկիր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բասկերի երկիր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="बास्क प्रदेश – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बास्क प्रदेश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskiska" title="Baskiska – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Baskiska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskija_(autonomna_zajednica)" title="Baskija (autonomna zajednica) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Baskija (autonomna zajednica)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskia" title="Baskia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Baskia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_Vasco_(Spanyol)" title="País Vasco (Spanyol) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="País Vasco (Spanyol)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pais_Basc" title="Pais Basc – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Pais Basc" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pais_Basc_(Autonom_Comunit%C3%A9)" title="Pais Basc (Autonom Comunité) – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Pais Basc (Autonom Comunité)" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paaskuut_Nunaat" title="Paaskuut Nunaat – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Paaskuut Nunaat" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%C3%A6%D0%B3%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%91%C3%A6%D1%81%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Баскæгты Бæстæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Баскæгты Бæстæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskaland" title="Baskaland – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Baskaland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paesi_Baschi" title="Paesi Baschi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Paesi Baschi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%91%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D" title="חבל הבסקים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חבל הבסקים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_Vasco" title="País Vasco – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="País Vasco" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)" title="Basque Country (autonomous community) – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Basque Country (autonomous community)" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83" title="Баскланы джурту – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Баскланы джурту" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ბასკეთი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბასკეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Басктер елі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Басктер елі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemmynieth_Omrewlys_Bask" title="Kemmynieth Omrewlys Bask – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kemmynieth Omrewlys Bask" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyi_bask" title="Peyi bask – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Peyi bask" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her%C3%AAma_Xweser_a_Bask%C3%AE" title="Herêma Xweser a Baskî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Herêma Xweser a Baskî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D3%A8%D0%BB%D0%BA%D3%A9%D1%81%D2%AF" title="Википедия:Сомо/Басктар Өлкөсү – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Википедия:Сомо/Басктар Өлкөсү" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paesc_Basch" title="Paesc Basch – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Paesc Basch" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paiz_Vasko" title="Paiz Vasko – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Paiz Vasko" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasconia" title="Vasconia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vasconia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basku_Zeme" title="Basku Zeme – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Basku Zeme" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonom_Gemeinschaft_Baskeland" title="Autonom Gemeinschaft Baskeland – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Autonom Gemeinschaft Baskeland" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskija" title="Baskija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Baskija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskeland_(otonoom_regio)" title="Baskeland (otonoom regio) – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Baskeland (otonoom regio)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euscadi" title="Euscadi – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Euscadi" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunit%C3%A0_autonoma_di_Paes_Basch" title="Comunità autonoma di Paes Basch – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Comunità autonoma di Paes Basch" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baszkf%C3%B6ld_(auton%C3%B3m_k%C3%B6z%C3%B6ss%C3%A9g)" title="Baszkföld (autonóm közösség) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Baszkföld (autonóm közösség)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_(%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0)" title="Баскија (автономна заедница) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Баскија (автономна заедница)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pajji%C5%BC_Bask_(komunit%C3%A0_awtonoma)" title="Pajjiż Bask (komunità awtonoma) – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Pajjiż Bask (komunità awtonoma)" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B" title="पाईज बास्को – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पाईज बास्को" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ბასკეთი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბასკეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83" title="اقليم الباسك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اقليم الباسك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9_(%D8%B4%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4)" title="باسک (شه‌مختار بخش) – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="باسک (شه‌مختار بخش)" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara_Basque" title="Negara Basque – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Negara Basque" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D3%A8%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%82%D3%A9%D3%A9_%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3" title="Баскийн Өөртөө Засах Нийгэмлэг – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Баскийн Өөртөө Засах Нийгэмлэг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskenland_(autonome_regio)" title="Baskenland (autonome regio) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Baskenland (autonome regio)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AF%E5%B7%9E" title="バスク州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バスク州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonoom_Gemianskap_Baskenlun" title="Autonoom Gemianskap Baskenlun – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Autonoom Gemianskap Baskenlun" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskerland_(autonom_region)" title="Baskerland (autonom region) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Baskerland (autonom region)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regionen_Baskarland" title="Regionen Baskarland – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Regionen Baskarland" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunautat_Auton%C3%B2ma_Basca" title="Comunautat Autonòma Basca – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Comunautat Autonòma Basca" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basklar_mamlakati" title="Basklar mamlakati – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Basklar mamlakati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="باسک دیس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="باسک دیس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%87" title="باسک سيمه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="باسک سيمه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pais_Basch" title="Pais Basch – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Pais Basch" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraj_Bask%C3%B3w" title="Kraj Basków – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kraj Basków" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunidade_Aut%C3%B3noma_do_Pa%C3%ADs_Basco" title="Comunidade Autónoma do País Basco – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comunidade Autónoma do País Basco" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basklar_Memleket" title="Basklar Memleket – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Basklar Memleket" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunitatea_Autonom%C4%83_a_%C8%9A%C4%83rii_Basce" title="Comunitatea Autonomă a Țării Basce – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Comunitatea Autonomă a Țării Basce" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuskadi" title="Yuskadi – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yuskadi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Страна Басков – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Страна Басков" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Баскилар дойдулара – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Баскилар дойдулара" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paisu_Bascu_(comunidade_aut%C3%B2noma_de_s%27Ispagna)" title="Paisu Bascu (comunidade autònoma de s'Ispagna) – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Paisu Bascu (comunidade autònoma de s'Ispagna)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_Kintra_(autonomous_commonty)" title="Basque Kintra (autonomous commonty) – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Basque Kintra (autonomous commonty)" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskia" title="Baskia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Baskia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paisi_Baschi" title="Paisi Baschi – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Paisi Baschi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)" title="Basque Country (autonomous community) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Basque Country (autonomous community)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskicko" title="Baskicko – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Baskicko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskija" title="Baskija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Baskija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8E%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9" title="ھەرێمی باسک – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەرێمی باسک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_(%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0)" title="Баскија (аутономна заједница) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Баскија (аутономна заједница)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskija_(%C5%A0panija)" title="Baskija (Španija) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Baskija (Španija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskimaa_(itsehallintoalue)" title="Baskimaa (itsehallintoalue) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Baskimaa (itsehallintoalue)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baskien_(autonom_region)" title="Baskien (autonom region) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Baskien (autonom region)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_Vasco" title="País Vasco – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="País Vasco" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_(%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D)" title="பாசுக்கு நாடு (தன்னாட்சி சமூகம்) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாசுக்கு நாடு (தன்னாட்சி சமூகம்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paj%C3%A8sere_Basche" title="Pajèsere Basche – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Pajèsere Basche" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Басклар Иле – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Басклар Иле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="แคว้นประเทศบาสก์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แคว้นประเทศบาสก์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bask_B%C3%B6lgesi" title="Bask Bölgesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bask Bölgesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Країна Басків – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Країна Басків" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9_%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9_(%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C)" title="باسک ملک (خود مختار برادری) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="باسک ملک (خود مختار برادری)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunit%C3%A0_autonoma_dei_Paexi_Baschi" title="Comunità autonoma dei Paexi Baschi – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Comunità autonoma dei Paexi Baschi" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%E1%BB%A9_Basque_(c%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BB%93ng_t%E1%BB%B1_tr%E1%BB%8B)" title="Xứ Basque (cộng đồng tự trị) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Xứ Basque (cộng đồng tự trị)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewscadi_(contr%C3%AAye_otonome)" title="Ewscadi (contrêye otonome) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Ewscadi (contrêye otonome)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80" title="巴斯克自治區 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="巴斯克自治區" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basknland_(regio)" title="Basknland (regio) – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Basknland (regio)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_Vasco" title="País Vasco – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="País Vasco" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="巴斯克自治区 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="巴斯克自治区" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80" title="巴斯克自治區 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="巴斯克自治區" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%B1nt%C4%B1qay_Baskiya_Otonome" title="Mıntıqay Baskiya Otonome – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Mıntıqay Baskiya Otonome" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80" title="巴斯克自治區 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴斯克自治區" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&params=42_50_N_2_41_W_region:ES-PV_type:adm1st_source:cawiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°50′N</span> <span class="longitude">2°41′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.833°N 2.683°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.833; -2.683</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Autonomous community of Spain</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses of "Basque Country", see <a href="/wiki/Basque_Country_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Basque Country (disambiguation)">Basque Country (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Euskadi" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Euskadi_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Euskadi (disambiguation)">Euskadi (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Autonomous community in Spain</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Basque Country</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Basque-language text"><i lang="eu">Euskadi</i></span><sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_a"><a href="#endnote_a">[a]</a></sup> <small><span class="languageicon">(in Basque)</span></small><br /><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">País Vasco</i></span> <small><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">Autonomous community</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="nowrap">Autonomous Community of the Basque Country</span><br /><span title="Basque-language text"><i lang="eu">Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa</i></span><sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_b"><a href="#endnote_b">[b]</a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span class="languageicon">(in Basque)</span></span><br /><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco</i></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Basque Country"><img alt="Flag of Basque Country" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="560" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of Basque Country (autonomous community)">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Basque_Country.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Basque Country"><img alt="Coat-of-arms of Basque Country" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/90px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/135px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/180px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1232" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)" title="Coat of arms of Basque Country (autonomous community)">Coat of arms</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Anthem: <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="169" data-mwtitle="Anthem_of_Basque_Country_Vocal.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Anthem_of_Basque_Country_Vocal.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Anthem_of_Basque_Country_Vocal.ogg/Anthem_of_Basque_Country_Vocal.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AAnthem_of_Basque_Country_Vocal.ogg&lang=en-gb&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en-GB" label="British English ‪(en-gb)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AAnthem_of_Basque_Country_Vocal.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AAnthem_of_Basque_Country_Vocal.ogg&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AAnthem_of_Basque_Country_Vocal.ogg&lang=eu&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="eu" label="euskara ‪(eu)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <i><a href="/wiki/Eusko_Abendaren_Ereserkia" title="Eusko Abendaren Ereserkia">Eusko Abendaren Ereserkia</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">"Anthem of the Basque ethnicity"</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pais_Vasco_in_Spain_(including_Canarias).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of the Basque Country community in Spain"><img alt="Location of the Basque Country community in Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Pais_Vasco_in_Spain_%28including_Canarias%29.svg/250px-Pais_Vasco_in_Spain_%28including_Canarias%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Pais_Vasco_in_Spain_%28including_Canarias%29.svg/375px-Pais_Vasco_in_Spain_%28including_Canarias%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Pais_Vasco_in_Spain_%28including_Canarias%29.svg/500px-Pais_Vasco_in_Spain_%28including_Canarias%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1184" data-file-height="1016" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of the Basque Country community in Spain</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&params=42_50_N_2_41_W_region:ES-PV_type:adm1st_source:cawiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°50′N</span> <span class="longitude">2°41′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.833°N 2.683°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.833; -2.683</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Largest_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Largest city">Largest city</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Spain" title="Provinces of Spain">Provinces</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><b></b><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lava" title="Álava">Álava</a>, <br /><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a>, <br /><a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Devolved_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Devolved government">Devolved government</a> under <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Basque_Government" title="Basque Government">Basque Government</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <i><a href="/wiki/Lehendakari" title="Lehendakari">Lehendakari</a> (Head of the government)</i></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Imanol_Pradales" title="Imanol Pradales">Imanol Pradales</a> (<a href="/wiki/Basque_Nationalist_Party" title="Basque Nationalist Party">EAJ/PNV</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,234 km<sup>2</sup> (2,793 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_autonomous_communities_by_area" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Spanish autonomous communities by area">14th</a> (1.4% of Spain)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2023)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,222,164</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">310/km<sup>2</sup> (800/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_autonomous_communities_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Spanish autonomous communities by population">7th</a> (4.9% of Spain)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonyms</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Basque_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque people">Basque</a><br /><i>euskaldun, euskal herritar</i><br /><i>vasco</i> (m), <i>vasca</i> (f)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">€79.350 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">€35,832 (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Spain" title="Telephone numbers in Spain">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+34 94-</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:ES#Autonomous_communities_and_autonomous_cities_in_North_Africa" title="ISO 3166-2:ES">ES-PV</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Autonomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Statute of Autonomy">Statute of Autonomy</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Autonomy_of_the_Basque_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country">25 October 1979</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">Official languages</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Basque_language" title="Basque language">Basque</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parliament</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Basque_Parliament" title="Basque Parliament">Basque Parliament</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Deputies_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Congress of Deputies (Spain)">Congress</a></th><td class="infobox-data">18 deputies (of 350)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Senate">Senate</a></th><td class="infobox-data">15 senators (of 266)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2021)</th><td class="infobox-data">0.932<sup id="cite_ref-GlobalDataLab_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GlobalDataLab-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">very high</span> · <a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_autonomous_communities_by_Human_Development_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Spanish autonomous communities by Human Development Index">2nd</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euskadi.eus/">Basque Government</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 300px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="300" data-zoom="7" data-overlays="["_947bb1f2da07772fe5fca5ba3a92df18f4c5c168"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,a,a,270x300.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Basque_Country_%28autonomous_community%29&revid=1259307197&groups=_947bb1f2da07772fe5fca5ba3a92df18f4c5c168" width="270" height="300" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,a,a,270x300@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Basque_Country_%28autonomous_community%29&revid=1259307197&groups=_947bb1f2da07772fe5fca5ba3a92df18f4c5c168 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">a. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_a"><b><a href="#ref_a">^</a></b></span> Also <i>Euskal Herria</i>, according to the Basque Statute of Autonomy .<br />b. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_b"><b><a href="#ref_b">^</a></b></span> Also <i>Euskal Herriko Autonomia Erkidegoa</i>, according to the Basque Statute of Autonomy.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Basque Autonomous Community</b> [<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span></span>/</a></span></span> A.C.] (<a href="/wiki/Basque_language" title="Basque language">Basque</a>: <i lang="eu">Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa (EAE)</i>; <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Comunidad Autónoma Vasca (CAV)</i>, <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Communauté Autonome du Pays Basque (CAPV)</i>), also officially called <b>Euskadi</b> [<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="en-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/eus̺kadi/</a></span>], is an <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">autonomous community</a> in northern Spain. It includes the Basque provinces of <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lava" title="Álava">Araba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Bizkaia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a>. It also surrounds an enclave called <a href="/wiki/Trevi%C3%B1o_enclave" title="Treviño enclave">Treviño</a>. </p><p>The Basque Country was granted the status of <i><a href="/wiki/Nationalities_and_regions_of_Spain" title="Nationalities and regions of Spain">nationality</a></i>, attributed by the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Constitution_of_1978" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Constitution of 1978">Spanish Constitution of 1978</a>. The autonomous community is based on the <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Autonomy_of_the_Basque_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country">Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country</a>, a foundational legal document providing the framework for the development of the <a href="/wiki/Basque_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque people">Basque people</a> on <a href="/wiki/Southern_Basque_Country" title="Southern Basque Country">Southern Basque Country</a>. Parallelly, <a href="/wiki/Navarre" title="Navarre">Navarre</a>, which narrowly rejected a joint statute of autonomy in 1932,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was granted a separate chartered statute in 1982. </p><p>Currently there is no official capital in the autonomous community, but the city of <a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a>, in the province of Álava, is the de facto capital as the location of the <a href="/wiki/Basque_Parliament" title="Basque Parliament">Basque Parliament</a>, the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Basque_Government" title="Basque Government">Basque Government</a>, and the residence of the President of the Basque Autonomous Community (the <a href="/wiki/Ajuria_Enea" title="Ajuria Enea">Palace of Ajuria Enea</a>). The <a href="/wiki/High_Courts_of_Justice_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="High Courts of Justice of Spain">High Court of Justice of the Basque Country</a> has its headquarters in the city of <a href="/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a>. Whilst Vitoria-Gasteiz is the largest municipality in area, with 277 km<sup>2</sup> (107 sq mi), Bilbao is the largest in population, with 353,187 people, located in the province of Biscay within a conurbation of 875,552 people. </p><p>The term <i>Basque Country</i> may also refer to the <a href="/wiki/Basque_Country_(greater_region)" title="Basque Country (greater region)">larger cultural region</a> (Basque: <i>Euskal Herria</i>), the home of the Basque people, which includes the autonomous community. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Physical_geography_of_the_Basque_Country" title="Physical geography of the Basque Country">Physical geography of the Basque Country</a></div> <p>The following <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Spain" title="Provinces of Spain">provinces</a> make up the autonomous community: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lava" title="Álava">Álava</a> (Basque <i>Araba</i>), capital <a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a> (Spanish <i>Vizcaya</i>, Basque <i>Bizkaia</i>), capital <a href="/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a>-Bilbo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a> (Spanish <i>Guipúzcoa</i>), capital <a href="/wiki/Donostia-San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" class="mw-redirect" title="Donostia-San Sebastián">Donostia-San Sebastián</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Features">Features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Txindoki,_Olaberritik_ikusita_2011-03-05g.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Txindoki%2C_Olaberritik_ikusita_2011-03-05g.JPG/220px-Txindoki%2C_Olaberritik_ikusita_2011-03-05g.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Txindoki%2C_Olaberritik_ikusita_2011-03-05g.JPG/330px-Txindoki%2C_Olaberritik_ikusita_2011-03-05g.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Txindoki%2C_Olaberritik_ikusita_2011-03-05g.JPG/440px-Txindoki%2C_Olaberritik_ikusita_2011-03-05g.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Txindoki" title="Txindoki">Txindoki</a> mountain from <a href="/wiki/Olaberria" title="Olaberria">Olaberria</a>, Gipuzkoa</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mundaka,_Biscay,_Spain_-_panoramio_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Mundaka%2C_Biscay%2C_Spain_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/220px-Mundaka%2C_Biscay%2C_Spain_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Mundaka%2C_Biscay%2C_Spain_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/330px-Mundaka%2C_Biscay%2C_Spain_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Mundaka%2C_Biscay%2C_Spain_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/440px-Mundaka%2C_Biscay%2C_Spain_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1375" /></a><figcaption>Basque coast near <a href="/wiki/Mundaka" title="Mundaka">Mundaka</a>, Biscay</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ma%C3%B1ariako_Arrueta_auzoa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Ma%C3%B1ariako_Arrueta_auzoa.jpg/220px-Ma%C3%B1ariako_Arrueta_auzoa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Ma%C3%B1ariako_Arrueta_auzoa.jpg/330px-Ma%C3%B1ariako_Arrueta_auzoa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Ma%C3%B1ariako_Arrueta_auzoa.jpg/440px-Ma%C3%B1ariako_Arrueta_auzoa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3555" data-file-height="1941" /></a><figcaption>Urkiola mountain range seen from <a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%B1aria" title="Mañaria">Mañaria</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Rioja_Alavesa..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/La_Rioja_Alavesa..jpg/220px-La_Rioja_Alavesa..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/La_Rioja_Alavesa..jpg/330px-La_Rioja_Alavesa..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/La_Rioja_Alavesa..jpg/440px-La_Rioja_Alavesa..jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Rioja vineyards near the Ebro</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maro%C3%B1o_-_Embalse_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Maro%C3%B1o_-_Embalse_01.jpg/220px-Maro%C3%B1o_-_Embalse_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Maro%C3%B1o_-_Embalse_01.jpg/330px-Maro%C3%B1o_-_Embalse_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Maro%C3%B1o_-_Embalse_01.jpg/440px-Maro%C3%B1o_-_Embalse_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3448" /></a><figcaption>The Maroño reservoir and the Sálvada mountain in Alava</figcaption></figure> <p>The Basque Country borders <a href="/wiki/Cantabria" title="Cantabria">Cantabria</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Burgos_province" class="mw-redirect" title="Burgos province">Burgos province</a> to the west, the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Biscay" title="Bay of Biscay">Bay of Biscay</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nouvelle-Aquitaine" title="Nouvelle-Aquitaine">Nouvelle-Aquitaine</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Navarre" title="Navarre">Navarre</a> to the east and <a href="/wiki/La_Rioja,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="La Rioja, Spain">La Rioja</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Ebro_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ebro River">Ebro River</a>) to the south. The territory has three distinct areas, which are defined by the two parallel ranges of the <a href="/wiki/Basque_Mountains" title="Basque Mountains">Basque Mountains</a>. The main range of mountains forms the <a href="/wiki/Drainage_divide" title="Drainage divide">watershed</a> between the Atlantic and Mediterranean basins. The highest point of the range is in the <a href="/wiki/Aizkorri" title="Aizkorri">Aizkorri</a> massif (1551 m). The three areas are: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Atlantic_Basin">Atlantic Basin</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Atlantic Basin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Formed by many valleys with short rivers that flow from the mountains to the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Biscay" title="Bay of Biscay">Bay of Biscay</a>, like the <a href="/wiki/Nervi%C3%B3n" title="Nervión">Nervión</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urola" class="mw-redirect" title="Urola">Urola</a> or <a href="/wiki/Oria_(river)" title="Oria (river)">Oria</a>. The coast is rough, with high cliffs and small inlets. The main features of the coast are the <a href="/wiki/Bilbao_Abra" title="Bilbao Abra">Bilbao Abra</a> Bay and the <a href="/wiki/Estuary_of_Bilbao" title="Estuary of Bilbao">Estuary of Bilbao</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Urdaibai" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdaibai">Urdaibai</a> estuary and the <a href="/wiki/Bidasoa-Txingudi" title="Bidasoa-Txingudi">Bidasoa-Txingudi</a> Bay that forms the border with France. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Middle_section">Middle section</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Middle section"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between the two mountain ranges, the area is occupied mainly by a high plateau called <i>Llanada Alavesa</i> (the <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lava" title="Álava">Álava</a> Plains), where the capital Vitoria-Gasteiz is located. The rivers flow south from the mountains to the Ebro River. The main rivers are the <a href="/wiki/Zadorra_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Zadorra River">Zadorra River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bayas_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayas River">Bayas River</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ebro_Valley">Ebro Valley</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ebro Valley"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From the southern mountains to the Ebro is the so-called <i>Rioja Alavesa</i>, which shares the Mediterranean characteristics of other Ebro Valley zones. Some of Spain's production of <a href="/wiki/Rioja_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Rioja wine">Rioja wine</a> takes place here. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Plaiaundi_Ecology_Park">Plaiaundi Ecology Park</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Plaiaundi Ecology Park"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <b><a href="/wiki/Plaiaundi" title="Plaiaundi">Plaiaundi Ecology Park</a></b> is a 24-hectare coastal wetland lying where the <a href="/wiki/Bidasoa" title="Bidasoa">Bidasoa River</a> meets the sea in the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Biscay" title="Bay of Biscay">Bay of Biscay</a>. The nature of <a href="/wiki/Plaiaundi" title="Plaiaundi">Plaiaundi</a> consists of a wide variety of flora (visitors view them mainly in the spring) and fauna (visitors with binoculars arrive all during the year, because of the birds migratory habits).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Basque mountains form the watershed and also mark the distinct climatic areas of the Basque Country: The northern valleys, in Biscay and Gipuzkoa and also the valley of Ayala in Álava, are part of <a href="/wiki/Green_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Spain">Green Spain</a>, where the <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a> is predominant, with its wet weather all year round and moderate temperatures. Precipitation average is about 1200 mm. </p><p>The middle section is influenced more by the <a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">continental climate</a>, but with a varying degree of the northern oceanic climate. This gives warm, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. </p><p>The Ebro valley has a pure continental climate: winters are cold and dry and summers very warm and dry, with precipitation peaking in spring and autumn. Due to the proximity to the ocean however, the Ebro part of the Basque Country is moderate compared to areas further inland. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Spain" title="Immigration to Spain">Immigration to Spain</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1900</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">603,596</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1910</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">673,788</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+11.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1920</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">766,775</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+13.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1930</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">891,710</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+16.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1940</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">955,764</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+7.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1950</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,061,240</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+11.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1960</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,371,654</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+29.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,878,636</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+37.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1981</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,141,969</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1991</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2,104,041</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−1.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,082,587</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−1.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,185,393</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,213,993</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.3%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: <a href="/wiki/Instituto_Nacional_de_Estad%C3%ADstica_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)">INE</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Almost half of the 2,155,546 inhabitants of the Basque Autonomous Community live in the <a href="/wiki/Bilbao_metropolitan_area" title="Bilbao metropolitan area">Bilbao metropolitan area</a>, almost the entirety of the province of Biscay. Six of the ten most populous cities in the region form part of Bilbao's <a href="/wiki/Conurbation" title="Conurbation">conurbation</a> (Bilbao, <a href="/wiki/Barakaldo" title="Barakaldo">Barakaldo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Getxo" title="Getxo">Getxo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugalete" title="Portugalete">Portugalete</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santurtzi" title="Santurtzi">Santurtzi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Basauri" title="Basauri">Basauri</a>), which is widely known as <a href="/wiki/Greater_Bilbao" title="Greater Bilbao">Greater Bilbao</a>. </p><p>With 28.2% of the Basque Country population born outside this region,<sup id="cite_ref-elmundo.es_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elmundo.es-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> immigration is crucial to Basque demographics. Over the 20th century most of this immigration came from other parts of Spain, typically from <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia</a> or <a href="/wiki/Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Castile and León">Castile and León</a>. Over recent years, sizeable numbers of this population have returned to their birthplaces and most immigration to the Basque country now comes from abroad, chiefly from South America.<sup id="cite_ref-elmundo.es_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elmundo.es-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2018, there were 151,519 foreigners in the Basque country, 7% of the population. </p> <table class="wikitable floatright"> <caption>Foreign population by country of citizenship (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-ineextranjeros_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ineextranjeros-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Nationality</th> <th>Population </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Morocco</td> <td align="right">21,995 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span>Romania</td> <td align="right">18,410 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Nicaragua</td> <td align="right">8,096 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Colombia</td> <td align="right">7,245 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/34px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></span></span> </span>Bolivia</td> <td align="right">6,487 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Algeria</td> <td align="right">6,229 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span>Portugal</td> <td align="right">6,172 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>China</td> <td align="right">5,752 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /></span></span> </span>Paraguay</td> <td align="right">5,684 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Pakistan</td> <td align="right">5,104 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other</td> <td align="right">61,588 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a> is, by far, the largest religion in Basque Country. In 2019, the proportion of <a href="/wiki/Basques" title="Basques">Basques</a> that identify themselves as Roman Catholic was 60%,<sup id="cite_ref-CIS2019Euskadi_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIS2019Euskadi-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while it is one of the most secularised communities of Spain: 24.6% were non-religious and 12.3% of Basques were <a href="/wiki/Atheist" class="mw-redirect" title="Atheist">atheist</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_cities">Major cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Major cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_the_Basque_Country" title="List of municipalities in the Basque Country">List of municipalities in the Basque Country</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219497266">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><div style="float:left; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110%;">Largest cities or towns in Basque Country</span><br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ine.es/INEBASE/temas/t20/e260/a2012/l0/pobmun12.xls"><i>Instituto Nacional de Estadística</i> (INE)</a></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Rank </th> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Province" title="Province">Province</a> </th> <th>Pop. </th> <th>Rank </th> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Province" title="Province">Province</a> </th> <th>Pop.</th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edificio_Museoalde30.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bilbao"><img alt="Bilbao" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Edificio_Museoalde30.jpg/120px-Edificio_Museoalde30.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Edificio_Museoalde30.jpg/180px-Edificio_Museoalde30.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Edificio_Museoalde30.jpg/240px-Edificio_Museoalde30.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vitoria_-_Plaza_Virgen_Blanca_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz"><img alt="Vitoria-Gasteiz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Vitoria_-_Plaza_Virgen_Blanca_01.jpg/120px-Vitoria_-_Plaza_Virgen_Blanca_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Vitoria_-_Plaza_Virgen_Blanca_01.jpg/180px-Vitoria_-_Plaza_Virgen_Blanca_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Vitoria_-_Plaza_Virgen_Blanca_01.jpg/240px-Vitoria_-_Plaza_Virgen_Blanca_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4402" data-file-height="3305" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">351,629</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Leioa" title="Leioa">Leioa</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">30,626 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_7472.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="San Sebastián"><img alt="San Sebastián" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_7472.JPG/120px-San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_7472.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_7472.JPG/180px-San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_7472.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_7472.JPG/240px-San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_7472.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lava" title="Álava">Álava</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">245,036</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Galdakao" title="Galdakao">Galdakao</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">29,130 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">186,409</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">13</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sestao" title="Sestao">Sestao</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">28,831 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Barakaldo" title="Barakaldo">Barakaldo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">100,369</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">14</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Durango,_Biscay" class="mw-redirect" title="Durango, Biscay">Durango</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">28,618 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Getxo" title="Getxo">Getxo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">80,026</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Eibar" title="Eibar">Eibar</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">27,507 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Irun" title="Irun">Irun</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">61,102</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">16</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Erandio" title="Erandio">Erandio</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">24,326 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Portugalete" title="Portugalete">Portugalete</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">47,756</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">17</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Zarautz" title="Zarautz">Zarautz</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">22,650 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Santurtzi" title="Santurtzi">Santurtzi</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">47,129</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">18</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mondrag%C3%B3n" title="Mondragón">Mondragón</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">22,027 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Basauri" title="Basauri">Basauri</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,971</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">19</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hernani,_Gipuzkoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Hernani, Gipuzkoa">Hernani, Gipuzkoa</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">19,284 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Errenteria" title="Errenteria">Errenteria</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">39,324</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">20</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Llodio" class="mw-redirect" title="Llodio">Llodio</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lava" title="Álava">Álava</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">18,498 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Basque_language" title="Basque language">Basque language</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish language</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_Iberian_Peninsula_1030-es.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Map_Iberian_Peninsula_1030-es.svg/300px-Map_Iberian_Peninsula_1030-es.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Map_Iberian_Peninsula_1030-es.svg/450px-Map_Iberian_Peninsula_1030-es.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Map_Iberian_Peninsula_1030-es.svg/600px-Map_Iberian_Peninsula_1030-es.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="827" data-file-height="574" /></a><figcaption>"Spanish Kingdoms in 1030". The first written record in <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Basque_language" title="Basque language">Basque</a> are in the <a href="/wiki/Glosas_Emilianenses" title="Glosas Emilianenses">Glosas Emilianenses</a>. The map shows the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Pamplona" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Pamplona">Kingdom of Pamplona</a> between 1029 and 1035</figcaption></figure> <p>Spanish and Basque are co-official in all territories of the autonomous community. The Basque-speaking areas in the modern-day autonomous community are set against the wider context of the Basque language, spoken to the east in Navarre and the French Basque Country. The whole Basque-speaking territory has experienced both decline and expansion in its history. The Basque language experienced a gradual territorial contraction throughout the last nine centuries,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and very severe deterioration of its sociolinguistic status for much of the 20th century due to heavy immigration from other parts of Spain, the virtual nonexistence of Basque-language schooling, and national policies implemented by the different Spanish régimes (see <a href="/wiki/Language_policies_of_Francoist_Spain" title="Language policies of Francoist Spain">Language policies of Francoist Spain</a>). After the advent of the <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Autonomy_of_the_Basque_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country">Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country</a> in 1982 following Franco's death, this reductive trend was gradually reversed thanks to the Basque-language schools and the new education system. Basque has always had a strong presence in most of <a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a>, central and eastern <a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a> and the northern edge of <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lava" title="Álava">Álava</a>, while most Basque speakers in western Biscay and the rest of Álava are second-language speakers. </p><p>The 2006 sociolinguistic survey<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of all Basque provinces showed that in 2006 of all people aged 16 and above in the Basque Autonomous Community, 30.1% were fluent Basque speakers, 18.3% passive speakers and 51.5% did not speak Basque. The percentage of Basque speakers was highest in Gipuzkoa (49.1% speakers) and lowest in Álava (14.2%). These results represent an increase on previous years (29.5% in 2001, 27.7% in 1996 and 24.1% in 1991). The highest percentage of speakers was now found in the 16-24 age range (57.5%), while only 25.0% of those 65 and older reported speaking Basque. </p><p>Ten years later, the sociolinguistic survey showed that in 2016 of all people aged 16 and above in the Basque Autonomous Community, 33.9% were fluent Basque speakers, 19.1% passive speakers and 47% did not speak Basque. The proportion of Basque speakers was again highest in Gipuzkoa (50.6%) and lowest in Álava (19.2%). </p><p>The 2021 sociolinguistic survey found that 36.2% of the population above age 16 spoke Basque, 18.6% were passive speakers and 45.3% did not speak Basque. In Gipuzkoa 51.8% spoke the language, in Biscay 30.6%, and in Álava 22.4% did<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This section is about the history of the Autonomous Community since 1978. For wider coverage, see <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Basques" title="History of the Basques">History of the Basques</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaza_de_la_Virgen_Blanca_en_Vitoria-Gasteiz.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Plaza_de_la_Virgen_Blanca_en_Vitoria-Gasteiz.JPG/250px-Plaza_de_la_Virgen_Blanca_en_Vitoria-Gasteiz.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Plaza_de_la_Virgen_Blanca_en_Vitoria-Gasteiz.JPG/375px-Plaza_de_la_Virgen_Blanca_en_Vitoria-Gasteiz.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Plaza_de_la_Virgen_Blanca_en_Vitoria-Gasteiz.JPG/500px-Plaza_de_la_Virgen_Blanca_en_Vitoria-Gasteiz.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1265" data-file-height="826" /></a><figcaption>Monument to the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vitoria" title="Battle of Vitoria">Battle of Vitoria</a>, part of <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Independence_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Independence War">Spanish Independence War</a> against the French rule.</figcaption></figure> <p>The forerunner of the Gernika Statute was the short-lived Statute of Autonomy for Álava, Gipuzkoa and Biscay, which came to be enforced in October 1936 just in Biscay, with the Spanish Civil War already raging, and which was automatically abolished when the Spanish Nationalist troops occupied the territory. </p><p>Before the Spanish Constitution of 1978 and its system of autonomous communities, these three provinces were known in Spanish as the <i>Provincias Vascongadas</i> <a href="/wiki/1833_territorial_division_of_Spain" title="1833 territorial division of Spain">since 1833</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The political structure of the new autonomous community is defined in the <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Autonomy_of_the_Basque_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country">Gernika Statute</a>, which was approved by a majority in a <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendum</a> held on 25 October 1979. Nowadays it is one of the most decentralised regions in the world; in this regard it has been described as having "<i>more autonomy than just about any other in Europe</i>"<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Churruca_death.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Churruca_death.jpg/220px-Churruca_death.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Churruca_death.jpg/330px-Churruca_death.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Churruca_death.jpg/440px-Churruca_death.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2952" data-file-height="1462" /></a><figcaption><i>Churruca's death at the Battle of Trafalgar</i>. Basque navigators were key for the navy of <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Castile</a> and later the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Navy" title="Spanish Navy">Spanish Navy</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>As regards the bounds to the Spanish Constitution, <a href="/wiki/Basque_nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque nationalist">Basque nationalists</a> cite the fact that in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Constitution_of_1978" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Constitution of 1978">1978 Spanish Constitution</a> referendum, which was passed with a majority of votes and a poor turnout in this area, the Basque Country had the highest <a href="/wiki/Abstention" title="Abstention">abstention</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (the Basque Nationalist Party had endorsed abstention on the grounds that the Constitution was being forced upon them without any Basque input). To this, the "NO" vote in this referendum was also higher in the Basque Country than in the rest of the state. All in all, many Basques believe that they are not bound to a constitution that they never endorsed. </p><p>The Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country is an organic law but powers have been devolved gradually during decades according to re-negotiations between the Spanish and the consecutive Basque regional governments to reach an effective implementation, while the transfer of many powers are still due and has always been a matter of heated political discussion. Basque nationalists often put down this limitation in the devolution of powers to concessions made to appease the military involved in the <a href="/wiki/23-F" class="mw-redirect" title="23-F">23-F</a> coup d'état attempt (1981). </p><p>In 2003, the governing <a href="/wiki/Basque_Nationalist_Party" title="Basque Nationalist Party">Basque Nationalist Party</a> (PNV) proposed to alter this statute through the <a href="/wiki/Ibarretxe_Plan" title="Ibarretxe Plan">Ibarretxe Plan</a>. The Ibarretxe bill was approved by absolute majority in the Basque Parliament after much discussion, as it was subject to lengthy legal objections—on the grounds that it contradicts the Spanish Constitution—that were ultimately overcome. Despite its mandate of the majority of the autonomous Parliament, the main two parties in Spain (PSOE, PP) imposed a blockade on a discussion of the Plan in the Spanish Parliament (<a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> <a href="/wiki/Cortes_Generales" title="Cortes Generales">Cortes Generales</a>), resulting in its rejection for debate by a large majority of that Parliament in January 2005. </p><p>Since the first autonomic cabinet, the Basque Nationalist Party has held office in the Basque Autonomous Community except for a 2009–2012 term, led by Patxi López (PSE-PSOE). The current Basque prime minister is <a href="/wiki/I%C3%B1igo_Urkullu" title="Iñigo Urkullu">Iñigo Urkullu</a>, also a member of the <a href="/wiki/Basque_Nationalist_Party" title="Basque Nationalist Party">Basque Nationalist Party</a>. Despite <a href="/wiki/ETA_(separatist_group)" title="ETA (separatist group)">ETA</a>'s ceasefire in 2011, this autonomous community shows the highest rate of police per 100 inhabitants in Western Europe by 2018. As agreed with the Spanish premier <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Zapatero" title="José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero">Zapatero</a> in 2004, Urkullu intends to increase the figure of <a href="/wiki/Ertzaintza" title="Ertzaintza">ertzainas</a>, while the Spanish <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Spain)" title="People's Party (Spain)">PP</a>'s Ministry of Interior rejects a pullback of Spanish police bodies, as demanded by the large majority of the political forces in the autonomous parliament, even pointing to an increase of the Guardia Civil in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GernikakoArbola-improved.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/GernikakoArbola-improved.jpg/150px-GernikakoArbola-improved.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/GernikakoArbola-improved.jpg/225px-GernikakoArbola-improved.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/GernikakoArbola-improved.jpg/300px-GernikakoArbola-improved.jpg 2x" data-file-width="749" data-file-height="1147" /></a><figcaption>The historic <a href="/wiki/Gernikako_arbola" class="mw-redirect" title="Gernikako arbola">Oak of Gernika</a>, symbol of the Basque institutions.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governmental_institutions">Governmental institutions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Governmental institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gasteizko_Eusko_Legebiltzarra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gasteizko_Eusko_Legebiltzarra.jpg/200px-Gasteizko_Eusko_Legebiltzarra.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gasteizko_Eusko_Legebiltzarra.jpg/300px-Gasteizko_Eusko_Legebiltzarra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gasteizko_Eusko_Legebiltzarra.jpg/400px-Gasteizko_Eusko_Legebiltzarra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4622" data-file-height="2320" /></a><figcaption>Basque parliament building in Vitoria-Gasteiz</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lehendakaritza._Gasteiz,_Euskal_Herria..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Lehendakaritza._Gasteiz%2C_Euskal_Herria..jpg/200px-Lehendakaritza._Gasteiz%2C_Euskal_Herria..jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Lehendakaritza._Gasteiz%2C_Euskal_Herria..jpg/300px-Lehendakaritza._Gasteiz%2C_Euskal_Herria..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Lehendakaritza._Gasteiz%2C_Euskal_Herria..jpg/400px-Lehendakaritza._Gasteiz%2C_Euskal_Herria..jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Lehendakaritza, president's office in <a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The current laws configure the autonomous community as a federation of its present-day three constituent provinces. These western Basque districts kept governing themselves by their own laws and institutions even after the Castilian invasion<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> in 1199–1200. The new king upheld their institutional system issued from the <a href="/wiki/Custom_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Custom (law)">consuetudinary law</a> prevalent in Basque and Pyrenean territories. This limited self-government, similar to the one for <a href="/wiki/Navarre" title="Navarre">Navarre</a>, was partially suppressed in 1839 and totally in 1876 in exchange for an agreement on tax-collection and a number of administrative prerogatives. These in turn were <a class="external text" href="https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Decreto-Ley_de_23_de_junio_de_1937">suspended by Franco</a> for Gipuzkoa and Biscay, but restored by the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Constitution_of_1978" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Constitution of 1978">Spanish Constitution of 1978</a>. </p><p>The post-Franco Spanish Constitution of 1978 acknowledges historical rights and attempts a compromise in the old conflict between <a href="/wiki/Centralism" class="mw-redirect" title="Centralism">centralism</a> and the different national identities (Basque, Catalan and Galician). A negotiation between <a href="/wiki/Union_of_the_Democratic_Centre_(Spain)" title="Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)">UCD</a>'s Suárez in office and PNV led to the establishment of the Basque statute, with its first article stating that the <a href="/wiki/Basque_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque people">Basque people</a> (<i>Euskal Herria</i>) takes on an institutional personality in the form of the Basque Autonomous Community; the 2nd article goes on to establish that it may be constituted by Álava, Biscay, Gipuzkoa, as well as <a href="/wiki/Navarre" title="Navarre">Navarre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Provincial councils provided with actual relevant attributions (taxation, etc.) were restored to these provinces (called therefore <i>diputación foral</i>), but Navarre <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Basque_people#The_present" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Basque people">detached from the Basque political process</a>. A specific approach to the national realities in Spain was eventually diffused by a legal provision allowing for the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">autonomous administrations and parliaments</a> to any region in Spain (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Castile and León">Castile and León</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Valencian_Community" title="Valencian Community">Valencian Community</a>, etc.), while the Basques, Catalans, and Galicians were acknowledged historic specificity. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vitoria_-_Ajuria_Enea_01_retouched.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Vitoria_-_Ajuria_Enea_01_retouched.jpg/200px-Vitoria_-_Ajuria_Enea_01_retouched.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Vitoria_-_Ajuria_Enea_01_retouched.jpg/300px-Vitoria_-_Ajuria_Enea_01_retouched.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Vitoria_-_Ajuria_Enea_01_retouched.jpg/400px-Vitoria_-_Ajuria_Enea_01_retouched.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3991" data-file-height="2993" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ajuria_Enea" title="Ajuria Enea">Ajuria Enea</a> Palace, official residence of the <a href="/wiki/Lehendakari" title="Lehendakari">Lehendakari</a> in Vitoria-Gasteiz</figcaption></figure> <p>The provinces in the Basque Country still perform tax collection in their respective territories, but with limited margin in decision making under the Spanish and European governments. Under this intricate system, the <i>Diputaciones Forales</i> (Basque: <i>Foru Aldundiak</i>) administer most of each of the provinces but are coordinated by the autonomous <a href="/wiki/Basque_Government" title="Basque Government">Basque Government</a> (Spanish <i>Gobierno Vasco</i>, Basque: <i>Eusko Jaurlaritza</i>). The autonomous community has its own police force (the <a href="/wiki/Ertzaintza" title="Ertzaintza">Ertzaintza</a>), controls <a href="/wiki/Basque_education_system" title="Basque education system">Education</a> and Health Systems, and has a <a href="/wiki/Euskal_Irrati_Telebista" class="mw-redirect" title="Euskal Irrati Telebista">Basque radio/TV station</a>. These and only some of the powers acknowledge in the Gernika Statute have since 1980 been transferred to the Autonomous Community by the <a href="/wiki/Cortes_Generales" title="Cortes Generales">Cortes Generales</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_gernika" class="mw-redirect" title="Statute of gernika">Gernika Statute</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The seats of the <a href="/wiki/Basque_Parliament" title="Basque Parliament">Basque Parliament</a> and Government are in <a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a>, so this is the capital city <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i>, but the Basque Autonomous Community has no capital <i><a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">de jure</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Parliament is composed of 25 representatives from each of the three provinces. The Basque Parliament elects the <a href="/wiki/Lehendakari" title="Lehendakari">Lehendakari</a> (President of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country) who forms a government following regular parliamentary procedures. Until 2020, except for the 2009–2012 period, all <i>Lehendakaris</i> (even those in 1937 and during the exile) have been members of the <a href="/wiki/Basque_Nationalist_Party" title="Basque Nationalist Party">Basque Nationalist Party</a> (Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea) (moderate and <a href="/wiki/Christian-Democrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian-Democrat">Christian-Democrat</a>) since 1978. Since 1982 until the late 1990s, <a href="/wiki/Batasuna" title="Batasuna">Basque nationalists</a> ideologically closer to <a href="/wiki/ETA_(separatist_group)" title="ETA (separatist group)">ETA</a> refused to turn out in the Basque parliament, a significant wedge of the parliament. Currently, the Basque Government is headed by <a href="/wiki/I%C3%B1igo_Urkullu" title="Iñigo Urkullu">Iñigo Urkullu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Basque_Nationalist_Party" title="Basque Nationalist Party">PNV</a>). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BasqueParliamentDiagram2024.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/BasqueParliamentDiagram2024.svg/220px-BasqueParliamentDiagram2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/BasqueParliamentDiagram2024.svg/330px-BasqueParliamentDiagram2024.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/BasqueParliamentDiagram2024.svg/440px-BasqueParliamentDiagram2024.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a><figcaption>Summary from 2024 <a href="/wiki/Basque_Parliament" title="Basque Parliament">Basque Parliament</a> election results <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#339933; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Basque_Nationalist_Party" title="Basque Nationalist Party">PNV</a> (27)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#00AC8E; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/EH_Bildu" title="EH Bildu">EH Bildu</a> (27)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF3333; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_the_Basque_Country%E2%80%93Basque_Country_Left" title="Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left">PSE</a> (12)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#3399CC; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_the_Basque_Country" title="People's Party of the Basque Country">PP</a> (7)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#EF4B91; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Sumar_(electoral_platform)" title="Sumar (electoral platform)">Sumar</a> (1)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#5CFC0B; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Vox_(political_party)" title="Vox (political party)">Vox</a> (1)</div></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Present-day_political_dynamics">Present-day political dynamics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Present-day political dynamics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Basque_Country_independence" title="Basque Country independence">Basque Country independence</a></div> <p>ETA's permanent ceasefire (2010–2011) opened the possibility of new governmental alliances and has enabled EH Bildu's electoral success and rise to governmental institutions (<a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a>, and capital city <a href="/wiki/Donostia" class="mw-redirect" title="Donostia">Donostia</a>, 2011–2015). In the <a href="/wiki/Basque_parliamentary_election,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque parliamentary election, 2012">2012 Basque parliamentary election</a>, the PNV obtained a plurality of the votes, followed by the left-wing nationalist coalition <a href="/wiki/EH_Bildu" title="EH Bildu">EH Bildu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eusko_Alkartasuna" title="Eusko Alkartasuna">Eusko Alkartasuna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sortu" title="Sortu">Sortu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alternatiba,_Basque_political_party" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternatiba, Basque political party">Alternatiba</a>). </p><p>In 2016 the Basque regional election was held on 25 September to elect the 11th Parliament of the Basque Autonomous Community, which left a <a href="/wiki/Hung_parliament" title="Hung parliament">hung parliament</a>, with the combination of Basque nationalist parties (PNV and <a href="/wiki/EH_Bildu" title="EH Bildu">EH Bildu</a>) representing the largest wedge in the parliament of the Basque Autonomous Community, the main Spanish parties PP and PSOE's branches occupying a 24% of the seats, and <a href="/wiki/Podemos_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Podemos (Spain)">Podemos – Ahal Dugu</a> accounting for 11 seats (14.66% of the total). However, the leading party PNV renewed its traditional alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_the_Basque_Country%E2%80%93Basque_Country_Left" title="Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left">PSE</a> to form government. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Catalan_independence_referendum,_2017" class="mw-redirect" title="Catalan independence referendum, 2017">2017 Catalan referendum</a> crisis, the parliament showed its sympathy and support to the Catalan independence referendum and lashed out at the Spanish government's stance on the issue, denouncing any measures it may take against the vote or 'democracy' altogether.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Besides supporting the vote, Basques of this community showed a preference for further self-government (43.5%), with independence and present-day <i>status quo</i> ranking as second and third options (22.6% and 18.9%).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, the parliament of the autonomous community passed a Police Abuses Act spanning the period between 1978 and 1999; it was shortly repealed after challenged by the public prosecutor and appealed also by virtually all police and Civil Guard unions. Incoming Spanish premier <a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pedro Sánchez (politician)">Pedro Sanchez</a> agreed to lift the public prosecutor's block on the law in exchange for altering its content.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Right-wing parties in Spain, <a href="/wiki/Vox_(political_party)" title="Vox (political party)">Vox</a>, PP, and <a href="/wiki/Citizens_(Spanish_political_party)" title="Citizens (Spanish political party)">Ciudadanos</a>, sent one MP out of 18 to the Spanish Congress from this autonomous community in the 2019 November general election in contrast with their rise and important presence in the overall Spanish results.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Territorial_issues">Territorial issues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Territorial issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The statute, insofar as it is addressed and provides an administrative framework for the Basque people, provides the mechanisms for neighbouring Navarre to join the three western provinces if it wishes to do so, since at least part of it is ethnically Basque. The Basque Government used the "<a href="/wiki/Laurak_Bat" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurak Bat">Laurak Bat</a>", which included the arms of Navarre, as its symbol for many years. The Navarrese Government protested, and tribunals ruled in their favour. The Basque Government replaced it with an empty red field. </p><p>Navarre is one of the historical Basque territories and even claimed by the <a href="/wiki/Basque_nationalism" title="Basque nationalism">Basque nationalists</a> as the core of the Basque nation. There are also two <a href="/wiki/Enclave" class="mw-redirect" title="Enclave">enclaves</a> surrounded by Basque territory—<a href="/wiki/Enclave_of_Trevi%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="Enclave of Treviño">Treviño</a> (Basque: <i>Trebiñu</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Valle_de_Villaverde" title="Valle de Villaverde">Valle de Villaverde</a> (Basque: <i>Villaverde-Turtzioz</i>)—which belong to the fellow neighbouring communities of <a href="/wiki/Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Castile and León">Castile and León</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cantabria" title="Cantabria">Cantabria</a> respectively, for which a legal connection to the Basque Country has become an on-off matter of political discussion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bilbao_-_Parque_Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Abando_y_Torre_Iberdrola.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bilbao_-_Parque_Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Abando_y_Torre_Iberdrola.jpg/220px-Bilbao_-_Parque_Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Abando_y_Torre_Iberdrola.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bilbao_-_Parque_Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Abando_y_Torre_Iberdrola.jpg/330px-Bilbao_-_Parque_Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Abando_y_Torre_Iberdrola.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bilbao_-_Parque_Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Abando_y_Torre_Iberdrola.jpg/440px-Bilbao_-_Parque_Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Abando_y_Torre_Iberdrola.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Iberdrola_Tower" title="Iberdrola Tower">Iberdrola Tower</a> in Bilbao</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bilbao_-_BBVA_(ex_Banco_de_Comercio)_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Bilbao_-_BBVA_%28ex_Banco_de_Comercio%29_2.jpg/220px-Bilbao_-_BBVA_%28ex_Banco_de_Comercio%29_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Bilbao_-_BBVA_%28ex_Banco_de_Comercio%29_2.jpg/330px-Bilbao_-_BBVA_%28ex_Banco_de_Comercio%29_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Bilbao_-_BBVA_%28ex_Banco_de_Comercio%29_2.jpg/440px-Bilbao_-_BBVA_%28ex_Banco_de_Comercio%29_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1578" data-file-height="1170" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/BBVA" class="mw-redirect" title="BBVA">BBVA</a> head-office building in Bilbao</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vista_del_centro_de_Investigaci%C3%B3n_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Vista_del_centro_de_Investigaci%C3%B3n_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Vista_del_centro_de_Investigaci%C3%B3n_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Vista_del_centro_de_Investigaci%C3%B3n_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Vista_del_centro_de_Investigaci%C3%B3n_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Vista_del_centro_de_Investigaci%C3%B3n_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Vista_del_centro_de_Investigaci%C3%B3n_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Garaia technology center in <a href="/wiki/Mondrag%C3%B3n" title="Mondragón">Mondragón</a>, one of several <a href="/wiki/Science_parks" class="mw-redirect" title="Science parks">science parks</a> located in the Basque Country</figcaption></figure> <p>The Basque Autonomous Community <a href="/wiki/Ranked_lists_of_Spanish_autonomous_communities#GRP_(PPP)" title="Ranked lists of Spanish autonomous communities">ranks first in Spain in terms of per capita product</a>, it's the most <a href="/wiki/Productivity" title="Productivity">economically productive</a> region of the country with a <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">gross domestic product</a> (GDP) per capita (adjusted to purchasing power parity, PPP) being 22% higher than that of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> and 30% higher than Spain's average in 2016<sup id="cite_ref-Eustat_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eustat-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at €34,400.<sup id="cite_ref-Regional_GDP_-_Eurostat_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Regional_GDP_-_Eurostat-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, the community showed a surplus in public finances, at 0.3% of the GDP.<sup id="cite_ref-Euskal_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Euskal-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Industrial activities were traditionally centred on steel and shipbuilding, mainly due to the rich <a href="/wiki/Iron_ore" title="Iron ore">iron ore</a> resources found during the 19th century around Bilbao. The Estuary of Bilbao was the centre of Euskadi's <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a> during the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. These activities decayed during the <a href="/wiki/Economic_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic crisis">economic crisis</a> of the 1970s and 1980s, giving ground for the development of the <a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Tertiary sector">services sector</a> and new technologies. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edinburgh_tram,_5_August_2014_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Edinburgh_tram%2C_5_August_2014_%281%29.jpg/220px-Edinburgh_tram%2C_5_August_2014_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Edinburgh_tram%2C_5_August_2014_%281%29.jpg/330px-Edinburgh_tram%2C_5_August_2014_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Edinburgh_tram%2C_5_August_2014_%281%29.jpg/440px-Edinburgh_tram%2C_5_August_2014_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2248" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> tram car assembled in <a href="/wiki/Construcciones_y_Auxiliar_de_Ferrocarriles" title="Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles">CAF</a> <a href="/wiki/Beasain" title="Beasain">Beasain</a> (Gipuzkoa)</figcaption></figure> <p>Today, the strongest industrial sectors of the Basque Country's economy are the <a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">manufacturing sector</a>, present in the valleys of Biscay and Gipuzkoa; <a href="/wiki/Aeronautics" title="Aeronautics">aeronautics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Logistics" title="Logistics">logistics</a> in Vitoria-Gasteiz; and <a href="/wiki/Finance" title="Finance">finance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">energy</a>, in Bilbao. </p><p>The biggest companies in the Basque Country are: <a href="/wiki/BBVA" class="mw-redirect" title="BBVA">BBVA</a>, one of the largest <a href="/wiki/Bank" title="Bank">financial institutions</a> in the world and Spain's second largest bank; the multinational energy company <a href="/wiki/Iberdrola" title="Iberdrola">Iberdrola</a> (both of them have their headquarters in Bilbao); <a href="/wiki/Mondrag%C3%B3n_Cooperative_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Mondragón Cooperative Corporation">Mondragón Cooperative Corporation</a>, the largest <a href="/wiki/Cooperative" title="Cooperative">cooperative</a> in the world; <a href="/wiki/Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway">railway vehicle</a> manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Construcciones_y_Auxiliar_de_Ferrocarriles" title="Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles">CAF</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siemens_Gamesa" title="Siemens Gamesa">Gamesa</a>, the world's second largest <a href="/wiki/Wind_turbine" title="Wind turbine">wind turbine</a> manufacturer.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters120418_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters120418-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eight out of ten Spanish municipalities with the lowest unemployment rates were found across this autonomous community in 2015, highlighting such towns as <a href="/wiki/Arrasate" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrasate">Arrasate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugalete" title="Portugalete">Portugalete</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barakaldo" title="Barakaldo">Barakaldo</a> with a strong manufacturing industrial make-up.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Basque Autonomous Community ranked above other communities in Spain in terms of resilience in the face of the economic crisis, going on to become a beacon and a subject of study in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013 the Basque Country outperformed Spain in several parameters, but economic overall figures were highly variable. Spanish figures are subject to conspicuous seasonal fluctuation, relying on its tourist and services sectors, while Basque performance is rather based on mid- and long-term results, according with its more industrial focus. In the last quarter of 2017, unemployment in this autonomous community rose to 11.1%<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (8.43% in <a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a>), second lowest in Spain after <a href="/wiki/Navarre" title="Navarre">Navarre</a>, at a percentage slightly higher than the EU average (10.8%),<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but still ahead of the Spanish overall unemployment rate of around 16.55%,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the second highest in the EU.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Unemployment rate (December data) (%)</b> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>2006 </th> <th>2007 </th> <th>2008 </th> <th>2009 </th> <th>2010 </th> <th>2011 </th> <th>2012 </th> <th>2013 </th> <th>2014 </th> <th>2015 </th> <th>2016 </th> <th>2017 </th> <th>2018 </th> <th>2019 </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>unemployment rate</b><br />(in %) </td> <td>6.9% </td> <td>5.9% </td> <td>8.5% </td> <td>12.1% </td> <td>11.0% </td> <td>13.2% </td> <td>16.6% </td> <td>16.6% </td> <td>16.6% </td> <td>12.9% </td> <td>12.3% </td> <td>10.6% </td> <td>9.6% </td> <td>9.1% </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laboratorio_de_Ultra_Alta_Tensi%C3%B3n_de_Arteche.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ultra-High Voltage Laboratory of Arteche in Mungia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Laboratorio_de_Ultra_Alta_Tensi%C3%B3n_de_Arteche.jpg/220px-Laboratorio_de_Ultra_Alta_Tensi%C3%B3n_de_Arteche.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Laboratorio_de_Ultra_Alta_Tensi%C3%B3n_de_Arteche.jpg/330px-Laboratorio_de_Ultra_Alta_Tensi%C3%B3n_de_Arteche.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Laboratorio_de_Ultra_Alta_Tensi%C3%B3n_de_Arteche.jpg/440px-Laboratorio_de_Ultra_Alta_Tensi%C3%B3n_de_Arteche.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="715" /></a><figcaption>Ultra-High Voltage Laboratory of <a href="/wiki/Arteche_Group" title="Arteche Group">Arteche</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In regards to GDP performance, 2017 was a remarkably positive year for the Basque Autonomous Community. It underwent an increase in GDP of 3.0%, close to the Spanish increase, 3.1%. In the last term of 2013, the public debt of the Basque Autonomous Community stood at 13.00% of its GDP, totalling €3,753 per capita,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as compared to Spain's overall 93.90%, totalling €20,383 per capita.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Basque Government's high-ranking officials, as well as Basque-based party leaders and personalities, have protested and voiced their concern over the detrimental effects of austerity measures passed by the Spanish Government as of 2011, overruling Basque taxation powers, may be having on industry and trade, especially export. Basque officials have strongly advocated for participation, along with Navarre, in the <a href="/wiki/Ecofin" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecofin">Ecofin</a>, with a full membership, in order to defend Basque interests in line with Basque reality and fiscal status, and not as a Spanish subsidiary. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Puente_Txonta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Puente_Txonta.jpg/220px-Puente_Txonta.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Puente_Txonta.jpg/330px-Puente_Txonta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Puente_Txonta.jpg/440px-Puente_Txonta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5960" data-file-height="1413" /></a><figcaption>AP-8 in <a href="/wiki/Eibar" title="Eibar">Eibar</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The strategic geographical location of the Basque Country as a link between the northwest and centre of Spain and the rest of Europe makes this territory heavily transited. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Road">Road</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main backbones of road transport are the <a href="/wiki/Autopista_AP-8" title="Autopista AP-8">AP-8 motorway</a> which links Bilbao, San Sebastián and the French border and the <a href="/wiki/Autov%C3%ADa_A-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Autovía A-1">A-1 motorway</a> which links San Sebastián and Vitoria-Gasteiz with central Spain. Other important routes include the <a href="/wiki/Autopista_AP-68" title="Autopista AP-68">AP-68 motorway</a> which links Bilbao with the Mediterranean. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rail">Rail</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Euskal_Trenbide_Sarea" title="Euskal Trenbide Sarea">Euskal Trenbide Sarea</a> (<i>Basque Railway Network</i>) is the Basque Government-owned company that maintains and creates the railway infrastructure in the autonomous region. <a href="/wiki/Euskotren" title="Euskotren">Euskotren</a> is the Basque Government-owned <a href="/wiki/Narrow_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrow gauge">narrow gauge</a> rail company that operates commuter services in Bilbao and San Sebastián, intercity Bilbao-San Sebastián service, and <a href="/wiki/Euskotren_Tranbia" title="Euskotren Tranbia">Euskotren Tranbia</a> tram services in Bilbao and Vitoria-Gasteiz. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Metro_Bilbao" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro Bilbao">Metro Bilbao</a> operates two <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">metro</a> lines that serve the Greater Bilbao area while Euskotren operates a third which opened in 2017. Euskotren operates a <a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Metro" title="San Sebastián Metro">metro-like service</a> in the San Sebastián area. </p><p>The Spanish government owns two main <a href="/wiki/RENFE" class="mw-redirect" title="RENFE">RENFE</a> <a href="/wiki/Iberian-gauge_railways" title="Iberian-gauge railways">broad gauge</a> lines that link Vitoria-Gasteiz with San Sebastián and Bilbao with central Spain. It also operates <a href="/wiki/Cercan%C3%ADas" title="Cercanías">Cercanías</a> commuter lines in both Bilbao and San Sebastián. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Euskal_Y.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Euskal_Y.PNG/220px-Euskal_Y.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Euskal_Y.PNG/330px-Euskal_Y.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Euskal_Y.PNG/440px-Euskal_Y.PNG 2x" data-file-width="569" data-file-height="411" /></a><figcaption>The Basque Y</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Ferrocarriles_Espa%C3%B1oles_de_V%C3%ADa_Estrecha" title="Ferrocarriles Españoles de Vía Estrecha">FEVE</a> narrow gauge rail company operates a commuter line between Bilbao and <a href="/wiki/Balmaseda" title="Balmaseda">Balmaseda</a> and links Bilbao with the rest of northern Spain. </p><p>A new <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail" title="High-speed rail">high-speed</a> network (called <a href="/wiki/Basque_Y" title="Basque Y">Basque Y</a>) currently under construction will link the three capitals in 'Y' formation. Because of the rough geography of the territory, most of the network will run through tunnels, with a total estimated cost of up to €10 billion.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The estimated ecological impact of the project has encouraged the formation of a group campaigning against it called <i>AHTrik Ez Elkarlana</i>. The group uses social disobedience to oppose the project and promotes referendums against it in the towns it most affects. In spite of the vocal opposition to the project by this and other community groups (as well as <a href="/wiki/EH_Bildu" title="EH Bildu">EH Bildu</a>), work continues, not without uncertainty. In early 2015, an estimate suggested that the average Basque intercity fare would rise to a non-competitive €25, while the Spanish central government's funding has been subject to continuous delays, spurring the irritation of the Basque government in Vitoria-Gasteiz. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Airports">Airports</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Airports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aeropuerto_Bilbao_Loiu_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Aeropuerto_Bilbao_Loiu_01.jpg/220px-Aeropuerto_Bilbao_Loiu_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Aeropuerto_Bilbao_Loiu_01.jpg/330px-Aeropuerto_Bilbao_Loiu_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Aeropuerto_Bilbao_Loiu_01.jpg/440px-Aeropuerto_Bilbao_Loiu_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3628" data-file-height="2721" /></a><figcaption>Bilbao Airport</figcaption></figure> <p>The three capitals have airports: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilbao_Airport" title="Bilbao Airport">Bilbao Airport</a> (BIO) International</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitoria_Airport" title="Vitoria Airport">Vitoria Airport</a> (VIT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Airport" title="San Sebastián Airport">San Sebastián Airport</a> (EAS)</li></ul> <p>Of the three, the most important hub and entry point to the Basque Country is Bilbao Airport, offering many international connections. Nearly 4,600,000 passengers passed through it in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Seaports">Seaports</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Seaports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The two most important ports are the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Bilbao" title="Port of Bilbao">Port of Bilbao</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pasaia" title="Pasaia">Port of Pasaia</a>. There are also minor fishing ports, such as <a href="/wiki/Bermeo" title="Bermeo">Bermeo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ondarroa" title="Ondarroa">Ondarroa</a>. </p><p>The Port of Bilbao is by far the most important in the Basque Country and the north of Spain, being the fourth most important in Spain with over 38 million tons of traffic. </p><p>All cruising routes arrive in Bilbao and there is a <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferry</a> service linking Bilbao with <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a> (United Kingdom). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Basque_cuisine" title="Basque cuisine">Basque cuisine</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pinchos_txaka_bonito.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Pinchos_txaka_bonito.jpg/220px-Pinchos_txaka_bonito.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Pinchos_txaka_bonito.jpg/330px-Pinchos_txaka_bonito.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Pinchos_txaka_bonito.jpg/440px-Pinchos_txaka_bonito.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1991" data-file-height="1384" /></a><figcaption>Two sample pintxos</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Basque_cuisine" title="Basque cuisine">Basque cuisine</a> is an important part of <a href="/wiki/Basque_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque culture">Basque culture</a>. According to the chef <a href="/wiki/Ferran_Adri%C3%A0" title="Ferran Adrià">Ferran Adrià</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a> "in terms of the average quality of the food, in terms of what you can get at any place you happen to walk into, maybe it is—probably it is, yes—the best in the world."<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most popular dishes are seafood, fish (for example <a href="/wiki/Marmitako" class="mw-redirect" title="Marmitako">Marmitako</a>) and "<a href="/wiki/Pintxo" class="mw-redirect" title="Pintxo">Pintxos</a>", bar finger food. </p><p>During the 1970s, several chefs from the Basque Country, particularly <a href="/wiki/Juan_Mari_Arzak" title="Juan Mari Arzak">Juan Mari Arzak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Subijana" title="Pedro Subijana">Pedro Subijana</a>, led a gastronomic revolution, translating to Spain the principles of French nouvelle cuisine. The first Spanish restaurant to be awarded 3 stars in the Michelin Guide was, in fact, <i>Zalacaín</i>, a Basque restaurant, although located in Madrid. Today, the Basque Country, alongside Catalonia, is the Spanish region with a higher density of stars in the Michelin Guide, and it has become a preferred destination of many gastronomic tourists, both domestic and international. Four restaurants boast 3 stars, the highest possible award: Juan María Arzak (<i>Arzak</i> restaurant), <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Berasategui" title="Martín Berasategui">Martín Berasategui</a> (<i>Berasategui</i> restaurant), Pedro Subijana (chef of <i>Akelarre</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Eneko_Atxa" title="Eneko Atxa">Eneko Atxa</a> (<i>Azurmendi</i> restaurant). </p><p>The coastal city of <a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a> is home to the <a href="/wiki/Basque_Culinary_Center" title="Basque Culinary Center">Basque Culinary Center</a>, an academic research institution focused on higher education and research in the areas of gastronomy and nutrition. </p><p>Basque food is one of the reasons for <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Basque_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Tourism in the Basque Country">tourism to the Basque Country</a>, especially the <i>pintxos</i>. A popular way to socialise is "<i>ir de pintxos</i>" or <i>txikiteo</i>, a Basque version of a <a href="/wiki/Pub_crawl" title="Pub crawl">pub crawl</a>, albeit generally more civilised. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sara_JaI_Alai_Lapurdi.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Sara_JaI_Alai_Lapurdi.JPG/220px-Sara_JaI_Alai_Lapurdi.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Sara_JaI_Alai_Lapurdi.JPG/330px-Sara_JaI_Alai_Lapurdi.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Sara_JaI_Alai_Lapurdi.JPG/440px-Sara_JaI_Alai_Lapurdi.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Basque_pelota" title="Basque pelota">Pelota</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jai_alai" title="Jai alai">jai alai</a>) court in Sara, Lapurdi.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Basque_rural_sports" title="Basque rural sports">Basque rural sports</a>, known as <i>Herri Kirolak</i> in <a href="/wiki/Basque_language" title="Basque language">Basque</a>, are a number of sports competitions rooted in the traditional lifestyles of the <a href="/wiki/Basque_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque people">Basque people</a>, for example <a href="/wiki/Basque_pelota" title="Basque pelota">Basque pelota</a>, the Basque version of the European game family that includes <a href="/wiki/Real_tennis" title="Real tennis">real tennis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Squash_(sport)" title="Squash (sport)">squash</a>. Basque players, playing for either the Spanish or the French teams, dominate international competitions. </p><p>The Basque country is also home to former national football <a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_football_champions" title="List of Spanish football champions">champions</a> <a href="/wiki/Athletic_Bilbao" title="Athletic Bilbao">Athletic Club</a> from Bilbao. It has a strict <i><a href="/wiki/Cantera" title="Cantera">Cantera</a></i> policy of <a href="/wiki/Athletic_Bilbao_signing_policy" title="Athletic Bilbao signing policy">employing only players born or trained</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Basque_Country_(greater_region)" title="Basque Country (greater region)">Basque Country (greater region)</a>. Athletic's policy does not apply to head coaches, with famous names as <a href="/wiki/Howard_Kendall" title="Howard Kendall">Howard Kendall</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jupp_Heynckes" title="Jupp Heynckes">Jupp Heynckes</a> coaching the team at various points. In spite of this, the club shares with worldwide heavyweights <a href="/wiki/Real_Madrid_C.F." class="mw-redirect" title="Real Madrid C.F.">Real Madrid</a> and <a href="/wiki/FC_Barcelona" title="FC Barcelona">FC Barcelona</a> the distinction of never being relegated from the top flight.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another major Basque Country club is <a href="/wiki/Real_Sociedad" title="Real Sociedad">Real Sociedad</a> from San Sebastián, who contest the <a href="/wiki/Basque_derby" title="Basque derby">Basque derby</a> with Athletic. Real Sociedad used to practise the same policy, until they signed Irish <a href="/wiki/Striker_(football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Striker (football)">striker</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Aldridge" title="John Aldridge">John Aldridge</a> in the late 1980s. Since then, Real Sociedad have had many foreign players. <a href="/wiki/Xabi_Alonso" title="Xabi Alonso">Xabi Alonso</a> became the only Basque player to win both the World Cup and the club <a href="/wiki/UEFA_Champions_League" title="UEFA Champions League">European Cup</a> and he played in the <a href="/wiki/Real_Sociedad" title="Real Sociedad">Real Sociedad</a>. The region is also home to other <a href="/wiki/La_Liga" title="La Liga">La Liga</a> clubs <a href="/wiki/SD_Eibar" title="SD Eibar">SD Eibar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deportivo_Alav%C3%A9s" title="Deportivo Alavés">Deportivo Alavés</a>. </p><p>The most renowned Basque footballer of all time is possibly <a href="/wiki/Andoni_Zubizarreta" title="Andoni Zubizarreta">Andoni Zubizarreta</a> who holds the record for appearances in <a href="/wiki/La_Liga" title="La Liga">La Liga</a> with 622 games and has won six league titles and the <a href="/wiki/European_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="European Cup">European Cup</a>. Nowadays, the best known Basque football player is Xabi Alonso, winner of two UEFA European Championships and one <a href="/wiki/FIFA_World_Cup" title="FIFA World Cup">World Cup</a>, who played for Real Sociedad, Liverpool, Real Madrid and <a href="/wiki/Bayern_Munich" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayern Munich">Bayern Munich</a>, but retired in 2017. Other notable Basque players include <a href="/wiki/Mikel_Arteta" title="Mikel Arteta">Mikel Arteta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asier_Illarramendi" title="Asier Illarramendi">Asier Illarramendi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andoni_Iraola" title="Andoni Iraola">Andoni Iraola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aritz_Aduriz" title="Aritz Aduriz">Aritz Aduriz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xabi_Prieto" title="Xabi Prieto">Xabi Prieto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ander_Herrera" title="Ander Herrera">Ander Herrera</a>. Both Athletic and Real Sociedad have won the Spanish league, including dominating the competition in the early 1980s, with the last title won by a Basque club being Athletic's <a href="/wiki/1983%E2%80%9384_La_Liga" title="1983–84 La Liga">1984 title</a>. </p><p>At international level, Basque players were especially prominent in <a href="/wiki/Spain_national_football_team" title="Spain national football team">Spanish selections</a> prior to the Civil War, with all of those at the <a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_team_squads#Spain" title="Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's team squads">1928 Olympics</a>, and the majority of the <a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_team_squads#Spain" title="Football at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's team squads">1920 Olympics</a> and <a href="/wiki/1934_FIFA_World_Cup_squads#Spain" title="1934 FIFA World Cup squads">1934 World Cup</a> squads, born in the region. There is an <a href="/wiki/Basque_Country_national_football_team" title="Basque Country national football team">unofficial 'national' team</a> which plays occasional friendlies, however its squads pick players from the wider territory including Navarre and the French Basque Country. </p><p>Cycling as a sport is popular in the Basque Country. <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Olano" title="Abraham Olano">Abraham Olano</a> has won the <a href="/wiki/Vuelta_a_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Vuelta a España">Vuelta a España</a> and the <a href="/wiki/UCI_Road_World_Championships" title="UCI Road World Championships">World Championship</a>. The <a href="/wiki/UCI_World_Tour" title="UCI World Tour">UCI World Tour</a> <a href="/wiki/Movistar_Team_(men%27s_team)" title="Movistar Team (men's team)">Movistar Team</a> hails from the Basque Country.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also previously known as Caisse d'Épargne, the Movistar team traces its history back to the <b>Banesto</b> team that included <a href="/wiki/Miguel_Indur%C3%A1in" title="Miguel Induráin">Miguel Induráin</a>. The region is home to the <a href="/wiki/Tour_of_the_Basque_Country" title="Tour of the Basque Country">Tour of the Basque Country</a> stage race and the <a href="/wiki/Clasica_de_San_Sebastian" class="mw-redirect" title="Clasica de San Sebastian">Clasica de San Sebastian</a> one day race. The <a href="/wiki/Euskaltel%E2%80%93Euskadi_(1994%E2%80%932013)" title="Euskaltel–Euskadi (1994–2013)">Euskaltel–Euskadi</a> team was also part of the World Tour until its disbandment in 2014. It was an unofficial Basque national team and was partly funded by the Basque Government. Its riders were either Basque, or at least grown up in the Basque cycling culture, and former members of the team have been strong contenders in the <a href="/wiki/Tour_de_France" title="Tour de France">Tour de France</a> held annually in July and <a href="/wiki/Vuelta_a_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Vuelta a España">Vuelta a España</a> held in September. Team leaders have included riders such as <a href="/wiki/Iban_Mayo" title="Iban Mayo">Iban Mayo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haimar_Zubeldia" title="Haimar Zubeldia">Haimar Zubeldia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Samuel Sánchez">Samuel Sánchez</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Etxebarria" title="David Etxebarria">David Etxebarria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igor_Ant%C3%B3n" title="Igor Antón">Igor Antón</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikel_Landa" title="Mikel Landa">Mikel Landa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mikel_Nieve" title="Mikel Nieve">Mikel Nieve</a>. The team was revived in 2020 at <a href="/wiki/UCI_ProTeam" class="mw-redirect" title="UCI ProTeam">UCI ProTeam</a> level when Euskaltel reinstated its sponsorship. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some notable Basque people from this administrative jurisdiction include <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Vitoria" title="Francisco de Vitoria">Francisco de Vitoria</a>, philosopher who set the theories of just war, international law and freedom of commerce; <a href="/wiki/Juan_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Elcano" title="Juan Sebastián Elcano">Juan Sebastián Elcano</a>, completed first circumnavigation of the Earth; <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Loyola" title="Ignatius of Loyola">Ignatius of Loyola</a>, founder of the Jesuits; <a href="/wiki/Don_Juan_de_O%C3%B1ate" class="mw-redirect" title="Don Juan de Oñate">Don Juan de Oñate</a>, explorer of the great plains and Colorado river; <a href="/wiki/Blas_de_Lezo" title="Blas de Lezo">Blas de Lezo</a>, naval strategist, best remembered for his defensive tactics at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cartagena_de_Indias" title="Battle of Cartagena de Indias">Battle of Cartagena de Indias</a>; <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Oteiza" title="Jorge Oteiza">Jorge Oteiza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Chillida" title="Eduardo Chillida">Eduardo Chillida</a>, sculptors; <a href="/wiki/Paco_Rabanne" title="Paco Rabanne">Paco Rabanne</a>, fashion designer; <a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal_Balenciaga" title="Cristóbal Balenciaga">Cristóbal Balenciaga</a>, fashion designer; <a href="/wiki/Xabi_Alonso" title="Xabi Alonso">Xabi Alonso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikel_Arteta" title="Mikel Arteta">Mikel Arteta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unai_Emery" title="Unai Emery">Unai Emery</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Julen_Lopetegui" title="Julen Lopetegui">Julen Lopetegui</a>, footballers; <a href="/wiki/Edurne_Pasaban" title="Edurne Pasaban">Edurne Pasaban</a>, first woman to climb all of the fourteen eight-thousander peaks in the World; <a href="/wiki/Elena_Arzak" title="Elena Arzak">Elena Arzak</a>, best female chef in the world (2012); <a href="/wiki/Jon_Kortajarena" title="Jon Kortajarena">Jon Kortajarena</a> male model; <a href="/wiki/Jose-Maria_Cundin" title="Jose-Maria Cundin">Jose-Maria Cundin</a>, artist; <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Savater" title="Fernando Savater">Fernando Savater</a> philosopher; <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Unamuno" title="Miguel de Unamuno">Miguel de Unamuno</a>, essayist, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher; <a href="/wiki/Jon_Rahm" title="Jon Rahm">Jon Rahm</a>, golfer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ine.es/prensa/cre_2022.pdf">"Contabilidad Regional de España"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.ine.es</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ine.es&rft.atitle=Contabilidad+Regional+de+Espa%C3%B1a&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fine.es%2Fprensa%2Fcre_2022.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABasque+Country+%28autonomous+community%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GlobalDataLab-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GlobalDataLab_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/">"Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab"</a>. <i>hdi.globaldatalab.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hdi.globaldatalab.org&rft.atitle=Sub-national+HDI+-+Area+Database+-+Global+Data+Lab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdi.globaldatalab.org%2Fareadata%2Fshdi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABasque+Country+%28autonomous+community%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blinhorn, Martin <i>The Basque Ulster': Navarre and the Basque Autonomy Question under the Spanish Second Republic</i> The Historical Journal Vol. 17, No. 3 (Sep. 1974), pp. 595-613</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130222052140/http://tourism.euskadi.net/en/plans-to-know-the-basque-country/plaiaundi-ecology-park/x65-12375/en/">"Plaiaundi Ecology Park | Plans to know the Basque Country | Tourism E…"</a>. <i>archive.is</i>. 2013-02-22. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-07-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.is&rft.atitle=Plaiaundi+Ecology+Park+%7C+Plans+to+know+the+Basque+Country+%7C+Tourism+E%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2013-02-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftourism.euskadi.net%2Fen%2Fplans-to-know-the-basque-country%2Fplaiaundi-ecology-park%2Fx65-12375%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABasque+Country+%28autonomous+community%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-elmundo.es-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-elmundo.es_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elmundo.es_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/03/11/paisvasco/1236769219.html">"El 28,2% de la población que vive en el País Vasco ha nacido fuera | País Vasco"</a>. elmundo.es<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+28%2C2%25+de+la+poblaci%C3%B3n+que+vive+en+el+Pa%C3%ADs+Vasco+ha+nacido+fuera+%26%23124%3B+Pa%C3%ADs+Vasco&rft.pub=elmundo.es&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elmundo.es%2Felmundo%2F2009%2F03%2F11%2Fpaisvasco%2F1236769219.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABasque+Country+%28autonomous+community%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ineextranjeros-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ineextranjeros_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ine.es/jaxi/Tabla.htm?path=/t20/e245/p08/l0/&file=02005.px&L=0">"Población extranjera por Nacionalidad, comunidades, Sexo Año"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Instituto_Nacional_de_Estad%C3%ADstica_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)">Instituto Nacional de Estadística</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poblaci%C3%B3n+extranjera+por+Nacionalidad%2C+comunidades%2C+Sexo+A%C3%B1o.&rft.pub=Instituto+Nacional+de+Estad%C3%ADstica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ine.es%2Fjaxi%2FTabla.htm%3Fpath%3D%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp08%2Fl0%2F%26file%3D02005.px%26L%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABasque+Country+%28autonomous+community%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIS2019Euskadi-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CIS2019Euskadi_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCentro_de_Investigaciones_Sociológicas_(Centre_for_Sociological_Research)2019" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><i>Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas</i> (Centre for Sociological Research) (October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/3260_3279/3263/Marginales/es3263mar_PVasco.pdf">"Macrobarómetro de octubre 2019, Banco de datos - Document 'Población con derecho a voto en elecciones generales y residente en España, País Vasco (aut.)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Spanish). p. 23<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-13116-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-13116-2">0-415-13116-2</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output 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has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Basque_Autonomous_Community" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Basque Autonomous Community">Basque Autonomous Community</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Basque_Provinces" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Basque Provinces">Basque Provinces</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Basque_Country#Q3995" class="extiw" title="voy:Basque Country">Basque Country</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euskadi.eus/">Basque Government</a></li> <li>José Aranda Aznar, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=199623">"La mezcla del pueblo vasco"</a>, en <i>Empiria: Revista de metodología de ciencias sociales</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1139-5737">1139-5737</a>, Nº 1, 1998, págs. 121–180.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Andaluc%C3%ADa.svg/35px-Flag_of_Andaluc%C3%ADa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Andaluc%C3%ADa.svg/45px-Flag_of_Andaluc%C3%ADa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Andalusia" title="Andalusia">Andalusia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Aragon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Aragon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Aragon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Aragon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Aragon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Aragon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Aragon" title="Aragon">Aragon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Asturias.svg/23px-Flag_of_Asturias.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Asturias.svg/35px-Flag_of_Asturias.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Asturias.svg/45px-Flag_of_Asturias.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Asturias" title="Asturias">Asturias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Balearic_Islands" title="Balearic Islands">Balearic Islands</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Basque Country</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Cantabria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cantabria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Cantabria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cantabria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Cantabria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cantabria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cantabria" title="Cantabria">Cantabria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg/23px-Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg/35px-Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg/46px-Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Castilla%E2%80%93La_Mancha" title="Castilla–La Mancha">Castilla–La Mancha</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg/20px-Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg/30px-Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg/39px-Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Castile and León">Castile and León</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Extremadura" title="Extremadura">Extremadura</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Galicia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Galicia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Galicia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Galicia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Galicia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Galicia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/La_Rioja" title="La Rioja">La Rioja</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Madrid" title="Community of Madrid">Community of Madrid</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Region_of_Murcia" title="Region of Murcia">Murcia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bandera_de_Navarra.svg/23px-Bandera_de_Navarra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bandera_de_Navarra.svg/35px-Bandera_de_Navarra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bandera_de_Navarra.svg/45px-Bandera_de_Navarra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Navarre" title="Navarre">Navarre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="340" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Valencian_Community" title="Valencian Community">Valencian Community</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/64px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/96px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/128px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_cities_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous cities of Spain">Autonomous cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Ceuta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ceuta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Ceuta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ceuta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Ceuta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ceuta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Melilla.svg/23px-Flag_of_Melilla.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Melilla.svg/35px-Flag_of_Melilla.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Melilla.svg/45px-Flag_of_Melilla.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Plazas_de_soberan%C3%ADa" title="Plazas de soberanía">Plazas de soberanía</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alhucemas_Islands" title="Alhucemas Islands">Alhucemas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chafarinas_Islands" title="Chafarinas Islands">Chafarinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_de_V%C3%A9lez_de_la_Gomera" title="Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera">Vélez de la Gomera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Traditional_provinces_of_the_Basque_Country" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Euskal_Herria_provinces" title="Template:Euskal Herria provinces"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Euskal_Herria_provinces" title="Template talk:Euskal Herria provinces"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Euskal_Herria_provinces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Euskal Herria provinces"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Traditional_provinces_of_the_Basque_Country" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Traditional provinces of the <a href="/wiki/Basque_Country_(greater_region)" title="Basque Country (greater region)">Basque Country</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Southern_Basque_Country" title="Southern Basque Country">Southern Basque Country</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Basque Autonomous Community</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gipuzkoa" title="Gipuzkoa">Gipuzkoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lava" title="Álava">Álava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscay" title="Biscay">Biscay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navarre" title="Navarre">Navarre</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Traditional provinces of Euskal Herria / Basque Country"><img alt="Traditional provinces of Euskal Herria / Basque Country" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Northern_Basque_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Basque Country">Northern Basque Country</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labourd" title="Labourd">Labourd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Navarre" title="Lower Navarre">Lower Navarre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soule" title="Soule">Soule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3995#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3995#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3995#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000123153737">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/123204011">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJhGTYcJJ4jvXX43XF8cT3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4069161-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84080195">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11933377m">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11933377m">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Baskicko (Španělsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge128723&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007562377405171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058515738506706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/fc0eae1b-654c-476a-bcbf-c79d4d136f2c">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045079">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&oldid=1259307197">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&oldid=1259307197</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)" title="Category:Basque Country (autonomous community)">Basque Country (autonomous community)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Basque" 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