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Available in 64 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamalandengte" title="Panamalandengte – Africana" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Panamalandengte" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Africana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%AE_%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7" title="برزخ بنما – Arabica" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برزخ بنما" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismu_de_Panam%C3%A1" title="Ismu de Panamá – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ismu de Panamá" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_b%C9%99rz%C9%99xi" title="Panama bərzəxi – Atropatenica" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Panama bərzəxi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Atropatenica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Панамскі перашыек – Ruthenica Alba" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Панамскі перашыек" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Ruthenica Alba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Панамски провлак – Bulgarica" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Панамски провлак" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strizh-douar_Panama" title="Strizh-douar Panama – Britonica" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Strizh-douar Panama" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Britonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istme_de_Panam%C3%A0" title="Istme de Panamà – Catalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Istme de Panamà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istmo_de_Panam%C3%A1" title="Istmo de Panamá – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Istmo de Panamá" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamsk%C3%A1_%C5%A1%C3%ADje" title="Panamská šíje – Bohemica" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Panamská šíje" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Bohemica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%C4%95" title="Панам пымакĕ – Chuvassica" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Панам пымакĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvassica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culdir_Panam%C3%A2" title="Culdir Panamâ – Cambrica" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Culdir Panamâ" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Cambrica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamatangen" title="Panamatangen – Danica" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Panamatangen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isthmus_von_Panama" title="Isthmus von Panama – Germanica" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Isthmus von Panama" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Germanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isthmus_of_Panama" title="Isthmus of Panama – Anglica" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Isthmus of Panama" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Anglica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istmo_de_Panamo" title="Istmo de Panamo – Esperantica" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Istmo de Panamo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperantica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istmo_de_Panam%C3%A1" title="Istmo de Panamá – Hispanica" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Istmo de Panamá" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Hispanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_maakitsus" title="Panama maakitsus – Estonica" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Panama maakitsus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamako_istmoa" title="Panamako istmoa – Vasconica" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Panamako istmoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Vasconica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="باریکه پاناما – Persica" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="باریکه پاناما" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panaman_kannas" title="Panaman kannas – Finnica" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Panaman kannas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isthme_de_Panama" title="Isthme de Panama – Francogallica" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Isthme de Panama" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francogallica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A2ningte_fan_Panama" title="Lâningte fan Panama – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lâningte fan Panama" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%A8_%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%94" title="מצר פנמה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מצר פנמה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="पनामा भूडमरुमध्य – Hindica" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पनामा भूडमरुमध्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama-f%C3%B6ldszoros" title="Panama-földszoros – Hungarica" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Panama-földszoros" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanah_Genting_Panama" title="Tanah Genting Panama – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tanah Genting Panama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamaei%C3%B0i%C3%B0" title="Panamaeiðið – Islandica" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Panamaeiðið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istmo_di_Panama" title="Istmo di Panama – Italiana" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Istmo di Panama" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%8A%E3%83%9E%E5%9C%B0%E5%B3%A1" title="パナマ地峡 – Iaponica" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パナマ地峡" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Iaponica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A7%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="პანამის ყელი – Georgiana" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პანამის ყელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgiana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Панама мойнағы – Cazachica" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Панама мойнағы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Cazachica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%82%98%EB%A7%88_%EC%A7%80%ED%98%91" title="파나마 지협 – Coreana" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파나마 지협" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Coreana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%83" title="Панама мойногу – Chirgisica" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Панама мойногу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Chirgisica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamos_s%C4%85smauka" title="Panamos sąsmauka – Lithuanica" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Panamos sąsmauka" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamas_zemes%C5%A1aurums" title="Panamas zemesšaurums – Lettonica" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Panamas zemesšaurums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Панамски Провлак – Macedonica" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Панамски Провлак" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segenting_Panama" title="Segenting Panama – Malayana" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Segenting Panama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landengte_van_Panama" title="Landengte van Panama – Batava" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Landengte van Panama" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Batava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamaeidet" title="Panamaeidet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Panamaeidet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istme_de_Panam%C3%A0" title="Istme de Panamà – Occitana" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Istme de Panamà" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przesmyk_Panamski" title="Przesmyk Panamski – Polonica" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przesmyk Panamski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istmo_do_Panam%C3%A1" title="Istmo do Panamá – Lusitana" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Istmo do Panamá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Lusitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istmul_Panama" title="Istmul Panama – Dacoromanica" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Istmul Panama" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Dacoromanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Панамский перешеек – Russica" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Панамский перешеек" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamska_prevlaka" title="Panamska prevlaka – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Panamska prevlaka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isthmus_of_Panama" title="Isthmus of Panama – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Isthmus of Panama" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamska_o%C5%BEina" title="Panamska ožina – Slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Panamska ožina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Панамска превлака – Serbica" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Панамска превлака" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loundbr%C3%A4%C3%A4ch_fon_Panama" title="Loundbrääch fon Panama – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Loundbrääch fon Panama" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panaman%C3%A4set" title="Panamanäset – Suecica" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Panamanäset" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Suecica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shingo_ya_nchi_ya_Panama" title="Shingo ya nchi ya Panama – Suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shingo ya nchi ya Panama" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="பனாமாவின் பூச்சந்தி – Tamulica" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பனாமாவின் பூச்சந்தி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamulica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Гарданаи Панама – Tadzikica" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гарданаи Панама" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzikica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2" title="คอคอดปานามา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คอคอดปานามา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalahikan_ng_Panama" title="Dalahikan ng Panama – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Dalahikan ng Panama" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_K%C4%B1sta%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Panama Kıstağı – Turcica" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Panama Kıstağı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turcica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Панамський перешийок – Ucrainica" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Панамський перешийок" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ucrainica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_bo%CA%BByni" title="Panama boʻyni – Uzbecica" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Panama boʻyni" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbecica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eo_%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t_Panama" title="Eo đất Panama – Vietnamica" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Eo đất Panama" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istmo_han_Panama" title="Istmo han Panama – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Istmo 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class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">8.667°N 80°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">8.667; -80</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></div></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">E Vicipaedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="la" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Pm-map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Pm-map.png/220px-Pm-map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Pm-map.png/330px-Pm-map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Pm-map.png/440px-Pm-map.png 2x" data-file-width="633" data-file-height="323" /></a><figcaption>Tabula Isthmi Panamensis.</figcaption></figure> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 2px; text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Searchtool.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/18px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/27px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/36px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <span style="font-style: italic;">Si plus cognoscere vis, vide etiam <a href="/wiki/Canalis_Panamensis" title="Canalis Panamensis">Canalis Panamensis</a>.</span></div> <p><b>Isthmus Panamensis</b><sup id="cite_ref-Coleti_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coleti-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> seu <b>Dariensis</b><sup id="cite_ref-Coleti_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coleti-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> est angustus agellus qui inter <a href="/wiki/Mare_Caribaeum" title="Mare Caribaeum">Mare Caribaeum</a> et <a href="/wiki/Oceanus_Pacificus" title="Oceanus Pacificus">Oceanum Pacificum</a> patet, <a href="/wiki/America" title="America">Americam</a> <a href="/wiki/America_Septentrionalis" title="America Septentrionalis">Septentrionalem</a> et <a href="/wiki/America_Australis" title="America Australis">Australem</a> coniugens. <a href="/wiki/Civitas_sui_iuris" title="Civitas sui iuris">Civitatem</a> <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panamam</a> et <a href="/wiki/Canalis_Panamensis" title="Canalis Panamensis">Canalem Panamensem</a> comprehendit. Sicut multi <a href="/wiki/Isthmus" title="Isthmus">isthmi</a>, locus maximi momenti <a href="/wiki/Res_militaris" title="Res militaris">militaris</a> <a href="/wiki/Oeconomia" title="Oeconomia">oeconomicique</a> est. </p><p>Isthmus per aevum <a href="/wiki/Pliocaenum" title="Pliocaenum">Pliocaenum</a> abhinc circa <a href="/wiki/Annus" title="Annus">annorum</a> <a href="/wiki/Tres" title="Tres">tres</a> <a href="/wiki/Millio" class="mw-redirect" title="Millio">milliones</a> conformatus est. Hic eventus <a href="/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia">geologicus</a> <a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">oceanos</a> <a href="/wiki/Oceanus_Atlanticus" title="Oceanus Atlanticus">Atlanticum</a> et Pacificum separavit et initium <a href="/wiki/Flumen_Sinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Flumen Sinus">Flumen Sinus</a> effecit. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Recensere partem: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historia"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Balboa_Voyage_1513.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Balboa_Voyage_1513.PNG/220px-Balboa_Voyage_1513.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Balboa_Voyage_1513.PNG/330px-Balboa_Voyage_1513.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Balboa_Voyage_1513.PNG/440px-Balboa_Voyage_1513.PNG 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="316" /></a><figcaption>Via Balboana ad Mare Australe anno <a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Nahl_1850,_Der_Isthmus_von_Panama_auf_der_H%C3%B6he_des_Chagres_River.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nahl_1850%2C_Der_Isthmus_von_Panama_auf_der_H%C3%B6he_des_Chagres_River.jpg/220px-Nahl_1850%2C_Der_Isthmus_von_Panama_auf_der_H%C3%B6he_des_Chagres_River.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nahl_1850%2C_Der_Isthmus_von_Panama_auf_der_H%C3%B6he_des_Chagres_River.jpg/330px-Nahl_1850%2C_Der_Isthmus_von_Panama_auf_der_H%C3%B6he_des_Chagres_River.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nahl_1850%2C_Der_Isthmus_von_Panama_auf_der_H%C3%B6he_des_Chagres_River.jpg/440px-Nahl_1850%2C_Der_Isthmus_von_Panama_auf_der_H%C3%B6he_des_Chagres_River.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1520" data-file-height="1015" /></a><figcaption><i>The Isthmus of Panama on the height of the Chagres River</i> (Isthmus Panamensis in summo Fluminis Chagres), tabula a Carolo Christiano Nahl anno <a href="/wiki/1850" title="1850">1850</a> <a href="/wiki/Oleum" title="Oleum">oleis</a> picta.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Vascus_Nunnius_Balboa" class="mw-redirect" title="Vascus Nunnius Balboa">Vascus Nunnius Balboa</a> ex memoriis indigenarum "Mare Australe" cognovit cum secundum <a href="/wiki/Litus" title="Litus">litus</a> Caribicum <a href="/wiki/Navigatio" class="mw-redirect" title="Navigatio">navigaret</a>, atque die <a href="/wiki/25_Septembris" title="25 Septembris">25 Septembris</a> <a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a> Pacificum vidit. Anno <a href="/wiki/1519" title="1519">1519</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oppidum" title="Oppidum">oppidum</a> Panama prope parvum indigenarum vicum litorale conditum est, quod, <a href="/wiki/Peruvia" title="Peruvia">Peruvia</a> inventa, se <a href="/wiki/Portus" title="Portus">portum</a> <a href="/wiki/Commercium" title="Commercium">mercatorium</a> evolvit et sedes administrationis factum est. Anno <a href="/wiki/1671" title="1671">1671</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henricus_Morgan" title="Henricus Morgan">Henricus Morgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pirata" title="Pirata">pirata</a> <a href="/wiki/Cambria" title="Cambria">Cambricus</a> Isthmum Penemansem ex Caribico transiens, oppidum delevit. Postea, oppidum in <a href="/wiki/Paeninsula" title="Paeninsula">paeninsulam</a> parvam pauca <a href="/wiki/Chiliometrum" title="Chiliometrum">chiliometra</a> ad <a href="/wiki/Occidens" title="Occidens">occidentem</a> iacentem motum est. Ruinae oppidi veteris nomine Hispanico <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panam%C3%A1_la_Vieja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panamá la Vieja (non est haec pagina)">Panamá la Vieja</a></i> conservantur, et situs <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_Mundi_Hereditas" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO Mundi Hereditas">UNESCO Mundi Hereditas</a> anno <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a> declaratae sunt. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Argentum" title="Argentum">Argentum</a> et <a href="/wiki/Aurum" title="Aurum">aurum</a> ex <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viceregalitas_Peruviana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viceregalitas Peruviana (non est haec pagina)">Viceregalitate Peruviana</a><sup style="font-size: .75em; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disputatio:Isthmus_Panamensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Disputatio:Isthmus Panamensis (non est haec pagina)">?</a></sup> trans isthmum ad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Portus_Bellus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portus Bellus (non est haec pagina)">Portum Bellum</a> transferebantur, ubi <a href="/wiki/Navis" title="Navis">naves</a> <a href="/wiki/Hispania" title="Hispania">Hispanicae</a> <a href="/wiki/Merx" title="Merx">merces</a> <a href="/wiki/Hispalis" title="Hispalis">Hispalem</a> <a href="/wiki/Gades" title="Gades">Gadesque</a> ab anno <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a> transvehebant. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionellus_Wafer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lionellus Wafer (non est haec pagina)">Lionellus Wafer</a> explorator Cambricus <a href="/wiki/Quattuor" title="Quattuor">quattuor</a> annos inter <a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a> et <a href="/wiki/1684" title="1684">1684</a> inter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indi_Cunenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indi Cunenses (non est haec pagina)">Indos Cunenses</a> degit. <a href="/wiki/Scotia" title="Scotia">Scotia</a> <a href="/wiki/Colonia" title="Colonia">coloniam</a> per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Consilium_Dariense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consilium Dariense (non est haec pagina)">Consilium Dariense</a> anno <a href="/wiki/1698" title="1698">1698</a> deducere conata est. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ferdinandus_de_Lesseps" title="Ferdinandus de Lesseps">Ferdinandus de Lesseps</a>, qui <a href="/wiki/Canalis_Suez" class="mw-redirect" title="Canalis Suez">Canalem Suezensem</a> construendum curavit, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Societas_Canalis_Panamensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Societas Canalis Panamensis (non est haec pagina)">Societatem Canalis Panamensis</a> anno <a href="/wiki/1880" title="1880">1880</a> condidit, quae autem anno <a href="/wiki/1889" title="1889">1889</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dedecora_Panamensia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dedecora Panamensia (non est haec pagina)">turpiter</a> conturbata est. </p><p>Annis <a href="/wiki/1902" title="1902">1902</a>–<a href="/wiki/1904" title="1904">1904</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civitates_Foederatae" class="mw-redirect" title="Civitates Foederatae">Civitates Foederatae</a> <a href="/wiki/Columbia" title="Columbia">Columbiam</a> coegerunt ut "Departamento Isthmi" <a href="/wiki/Libertas" title="Libertas">liberaret</a>, reliqua Societatis Canalis Panamensis bona coemerunt, et <a href="/wiki/Canalis_Panamensis" title="Canalis Panamensis">canalem</a> anno <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a> confecerunt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biosphaera">Biosphaera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Recensere partem: Biosphaera" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Biosphaera"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pons terrestris, qui <a href="/wiki/Duo" title="Duo">duos</a> <a href="/wiki/Continens" title="Continens">continentes</a> maiores coniugit, Isthmus Panamensis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biosphaera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biosphaera (non est haec pagina)">biosphaeram</a> <a href="/wiki/Flora_(summatio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flora (summatio)">floram</a> et <a href="/wiki/Fauna" title="Fauna">faunam</a> ex America Septentrionali et Australi praebet. Adsunt in <a href="/wiki/Regio" title="Regio">regione</a> isthmi, exempli gratia, plus quam quingentae <a href="/wiki/Avis" class="mw-redirect" title="Avis">avium</a> <a href="/wiki/Species_(taxinomia)" title="Species (taxinomia)">species</a>. <a href="/wiki/Clima" title="Clima">Clima</a> <a href="/wiki/Zona_tropica" title="Zona tropica">tropicum</a> multas <a href="/wiki/Color" title="Color">colorum</a> clarorum species magnas alit, inter quas <a href="/wiki/Insecta" title="Insecta">insecta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serpentes" title="Serpentes">serpentes</a>, aves, <a href="/wiki/Piscis" title="Piscis">pisces</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reptilia" title="Reptilia">reptilia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notae">Notae</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Recensere partem: Notae" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Notae"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Coleti-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Coleti_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Coleti_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">"Isthmus Panamensis, Isthmus Dariensis" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GcvbMN05sK4C">p. 178</a> apud <i><a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></i>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/hofmann/hof3/s0545b.html">Panamae Isthmus</a>" in <a href="/wiki/Iohannes_Iacobus_Hofmannus" title="Iohannes Iacobus Hofmannus">Iohannes Iacobus Hofmannus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Lexicon_universale" title="Lexicon universale">Lexicon universale</a></i> (1698) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenaref/hofmann.html">~</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliographia">Bibliographia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Recensere partem: Bibliographia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliographia"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Mellander, Gustavo A. <a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a>. <i>The United States in Panamanian Politics: The Intriguing Formative Years.</i> Daville, Ill.: Interstate Publishers. OCLC 138568.</li> <li>Mellander, Gustavo A., et Nelly Maldonado Mellander. <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a>. <i>Charles Edward Magoon: The Panama Years.' Río Piedras, Portus Divitis: Editorial Plaza Mayor. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/1563281554" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-56328-155-4</a>. OCLC 42970390.</i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionellus_Wafer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lionellus Wafer (non est haec pagina)">Wafer, Lionel</a>. <a href="/wiki/1695" title="1695">1695</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.princeton.edu/sites/english/eng321/WAFER.HTM"><i>A New Voyage and Description of the Isthmus of America.</i></a> Pars libri ex editione Knapton (1729).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nexus_interni">Nexus interni</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magna_commutatio_biotorum_Americana" title="Magna commutatio biotorum Americana">Magna commutatio biotorum Americana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nexus_externi">Nexus externi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Recensere partem: Nexus externi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Nexus externi"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pagina_prima" class="extiw" title="commons:Pagina prima">Vicimedia Communia</a></b> plura habent quae ad <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Isthmus_of_Panama" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Isthmus of Panama">Isthmum Panamensem</a></b> spectant. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Wikidata-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><b>Situs geographici et historici:</b> <i>Locus</i>: <span><span><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Specialis:Map/0/9/-79/la" data-lat="9" data-lon="-79" data-overlays="["_c2aca3e811ebf6f4d6df10248402087c36db59ee"]">9°0′0″N 79°0′0″W</a></span></span> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geonames.org/3703437"><i>GeoNames</i></a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/2701958">Большая российская энциклопедия</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070802015424/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=16401">"Panama: Isthmus that Changed the World,"</a> apud <i>earth observatory</i></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Receptum de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&oldid=3820982">https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isthmus_Panamensis&oldid=3820982</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specialis:Categoriae" title="Specialis:Categoriae">Categoriae</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Geographia_Americae" title="Categoria:Geographia Americae">Geographia Americae</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Geographia_Panamae" title="Categoria:Geographia Panamae">Geographia Panamae</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Isthmi" title="Categoria:Isthmi">Isthmi</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categoriae celatae: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Latinitas_dubia_(dubsig)" title="Categoria:Latinitas dubia (dubsig)">Latinitas dubia (dubsig)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Paginae_cum_sectione_nexuum_internorum" title="Categoria:Paginae cum sectione nexuum internorum">Paginae cum sectione nexuum internorum</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Pages_using_ISBN_magic_links" title="Categoria:Pages using ISBN magic links">Pages using ISBN magic links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Pages_using_the_Kartographer_extension" title="Categoria:Pages using the Kartographer extension">Pages using the Kartographer extension</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Novissima mutatio die 2 Martii 2024 hora 20:00 facta.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Nonobstantibus ceteris condicionibus hunc textum tractare licet secundum <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License"</a>. 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