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in the Boshin War and Meiji Restoration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foundation_for_the_dead_in_the_Boshin_War_and_Meiji_Restoration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-From_First_Sino-Japanese_War_to_Second_Sino-Japanese_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_First_Sino-Japanese_War_to_Second_Sino-Japanese_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 From First Sino-Japanese War to Second Sino-Japanese War </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_First_Sino-Japanese_War_to_Second_Sino-Japanese_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-During_World_War_II_and_the_GHQ_control_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#During_World_War_II_and_the_GHQ_control_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 During World War II and the GHQ control period </div> </a> <ul id="toc-During_World_War_II_and_the_GHQ_control_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-war_issues_and_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war_issues_and_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Post-war issues and controversies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-war_issues_and_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Enshrinement_of_war_criminals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enshrinement_of_war_criminals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4.1 Enshrinement of war criminals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enshrinement_of_war_criminals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statements_by_the_shrine_museum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statements_by_the_shrine_museum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4.2 Statements by the shrine museum </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statements_by_the_shrine_museum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chronology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chronology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Chronology </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chronology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annual_celebrations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annual_celebrations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Annual celebrations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Annual_celebrations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enshrined_deities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enshrined_deities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Enshrined deities </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Enshrined_deities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Enshrined deities subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Enshrined_deities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Eligible_categories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eligible_categories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Eligible categories </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eligible_categories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conflicts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflicts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Conflicts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conflicts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Precinct" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Precinct"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Precinct </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Precinct-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Precinct subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Precinct-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Shrine_structures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shrine_structures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Shrine structures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shrine_structures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Torii_and_Mon_(gates)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Torii_and_Mon_(gates)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Torii and Mon (gates) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Torii_and_Mon_(gates)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memorials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memorials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Memorials </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memorials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_buildings_and_structures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_buildings_and_structures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Other buildings and structures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_buildings_and_structures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_priests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_priests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 List of priests </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_priests-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle List of priests subsection </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_priests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Guji_(chief_priests):_term_of_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guji_(chief_priests):_term_of_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Guji (chief priests): term of office </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guji_(chief_priests):_term_of_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gon-guji_(associate_chief_priests):_term_of_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gon-guji_(associate_chief_priests):_term_of_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Gon-guji (associate chief priests): term of office </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gon-guji_(associate_chief_priests):_term_of_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Organization </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Cultural references </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultural_references-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Cultural references subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Cultural_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bank_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bank_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Bank notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bank_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postage_stamps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postage_stamps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Postage stamps </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Postage_stamps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scenic_postmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scenic_postmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Scenic postmarks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scenic_postmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Popular music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popular_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Plays </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.6 Books </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Posters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Posters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.7 Posters </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Posters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Swords" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Swords"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.8 Swords </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Swords-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Yasukuni Shrine</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" > 44 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AD_%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="ضريح ياسوكوني – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ضريح ياسوكوني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni_m%C9%99b%C9%99di" title="Yasukuni məbədi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yasukuni məbədi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Ясукуні – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ясукуні" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santual_Yasukuni" title="Santual Yasukuni – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Santual Yasukuni" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santuari_Yasukuni" title="Santuari Yasukuni – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Santuari Yasukuni" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%C4%95" title="Ясукуни храмĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ясукуни храмĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svatyn%C4%9B_Jasukuni" title="Svatyně Jasukuni – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Svatyně Jasukuni" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni-helligdommen" title="Yasukuni-helligdommen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Yasukuni-helligdommen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni-Schrein" title="Yasukuni-Schrein – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Yasukuni-Schrein" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santuario_Yasukuni" title="Santuario Yasukuni – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Santuario Yasukuni" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni-Sanktejo" title="Yasukuni-Sanktejo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Yasukuni-Sanktejo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni_santutegia" title="Yasukuni santutegia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Yasukuni santutegia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="معبد یاسوکونی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="معبد یاسوکونی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni-jinja" title="Yasukuni-jinja – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Yasukuni-jinja" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%BC%EC%8A%A4%EC%BF%A0%EB%8B%88_%EC%8B%A0%EC%82%AC" title="야스쿠니 신사 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="야스쿠니 신사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni_hram" title="Yasukuni hram – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Yasukuni hram" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuil_Yasukuni" title="Kuil Yasukuni – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kuil Yasukuni" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santuario_Yasukuni" title="Santuario Yasukuni – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Santuario Yasukuni" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%A9_%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99" title="מקדש יסוקוני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מקדש יסוקוני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni" title="Yasukuni – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Yasukuni" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaszukuni-szent%C3%A9ly" title="Jaszukuni-szentély – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jaszukuni-szentély" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AD_%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%88_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89" title="ضريح ياس و كونى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ضريح ياس و كونى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuil_Yasukuni" title="Kuil Yasukuni – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kuil Yasukuni" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D2%AF%D0%BA%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D2%AF%D0%BC" title="Ясүкүни сүм – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ясүкүни сүм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD_%E1%80%97%E1%80%AD%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ယာစုကုနိ ဗိမာန် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယာစုကုနိ ဗိမာန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni-schrijn" title="Yasukuni-schrijn – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Yasukuni-schrijn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE" title="靖国神社 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="靖国神社" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni-helligdommen" title="Yasukuni-helligdommen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Yasukuni-helligdommen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni-jinja" title="Yasukuni-jinja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Yasukuni-jinja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santu%C3%A1rio_Yasukuni" title="Santuário Yasukuni – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Santuário Yasukuni" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Ясукуни – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ясукуни" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni_Shrine" title="Yasukuni Shrine – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Yasukuni Shrine" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveti%C5%A1%C4%8De_Jasukuni" title="Svetišče Jasukuni – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Svetišče Jasukuni" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hram_Jasukuni" title="Hram Jasukuni – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hram Jasukuni" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni-jinja" title="Yasukuni-jinja – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yasukuni-jinja" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni_Jinja" title="Yasukuni Jinja – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Yasukuni Jinja" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4" title="ศาลเจ้ายาซูกูนิ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" 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href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%81n_Yasukuni" title="Đền Yasukuni – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đền Yasukuni" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%96%E5%9C%8B%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE" title="靖國神社 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="靖國神社" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%96%E5%9C%8B%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE" title="靖國神社 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="靖國神社" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a 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encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Yasukuni" redirects here. For the film, see <a href="/wiki/Yasukuni_(film)" title="Yasukuni (film)">Yasukuni (film)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Shinto shrine in Tokyo, Japan</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #A12F25; color: #FFF;">Yasukuni Shrine</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname">靖国神社 Yasukuni Jinja</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_Shrine_201005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Yasukuni_Shrine_201005.jpg/220px-Yasukuni_Shrine_201005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Yasukuni_Shrine_201005.jpg/330px-Yasukuni_Shrine_201005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Yasukuni_Shrine_201005.jpg/440px-Yasukuni_Shrine_201005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2677" data-file-height="1890" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">The <a href="/wiki/Haiden_(Shinto)" title="Haiden (Shinto)">haiden</a> (hall of worship)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #A12F25; color: #FFF;">Religion</th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Affiliation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Festival</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Shunki Reitaisai (<a href="/wiki/Spring_(season)" title="Spring (season)">spring</a>)</li><li>Shuki Reitaisai (<a href="/wiki/Autumn" title="Autumn">autumn</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chokusaisha" title="Chokusaisha">Chokusaisha</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Bekkaku_Kanpeisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Bekkaku Kanpeisha">bekkaku-kanpeisha</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #A12F25; color: #FFF;">Location</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data">3-1-1 <a href="/wiki/Kudankita" title="Kudankita">Kudankita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo" title="Chiyoda, Tokyo">Chiyoda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> 102-8246</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><a href="/wiki/File:Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yasukuni Shrine is located in Japan"><img alt="Yasukuni Shrine is located in Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/240px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/360px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/480px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="373" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:64.18%;left:54.697%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><img alt="Yasukuni Shrine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg/20px-Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg/30px-Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg/40px-Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Shown within Japan</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Geographic coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yasukuni_Shrine&params=35.693958_N_139.742692_E_type:landmark">35°41′38″N 139°44′34″E / 35.693958°N 139.742692°E / 35.693958; 139.742692</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #A12F25; color: #FFF;">Architecture</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Architectural_style" title="Architectural style">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shinmei-zukuri" title="Shinmei-zukuri">Shinmei-zukuri</a>, copper roofing (dōbanbuki)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Meiji" title="Emperor Meiji">Emperor Meiji</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date established</th><td class="infobox-data">June 1869</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #A12F25; color: #FFF;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/">www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background-color: #EBEBEB;"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg/25px-Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg/38px-Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg/50px-Shinto_torii_icon_vermillion.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /> <a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Shinto" title="Glossary of Shinto">Glossary of Shinto</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Yasukuni Shrine (靖国神社 or 靖國神社, Yasukuni Jinja, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr> 'Peaceful Country Shrine') is a <a href="/wiki/Shinto_shrine" title="Shinto shrine">Shinto shrine</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo" title="Chiyoda, Tokyo">Chiyoda, Tokyo</a>. It was founded by <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Meiji" title="Emperor Meiji">Emperor Meiji</a> in June 1869 and commemorates those who died in service of <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japan</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/Boshin_War" title="Boshin War">Boshin War</a> of 1868–1869, to the two Sino-Japanese Wars, <a href="/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War" title="First Sino-Japanese War">1894–1895</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">1937–1945</a> respectively, and the <a href="/wiki/First_Indochina_War#Japanese_volunteers" title="First Indochina War">First Indochina War</a> of 1946–1954, including <a href="/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes" title="Japanese war crimes">war criminals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> The shrine's purpose has been expanded over the years to include those who died in the <a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_Japan" title="List of wars involving Japan">wars involving Japan</a> spanning from the entire <a href="/wiki/Meiji_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji period">Meiji</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Taishō period">Taishō periods</a>, and the earlier part of the <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Shōwa period">Shōwa period</a>.<a href="#cite_note-deities-2">[2]</a> The shrine lists the names, origins, birthdates and places of death of 2,466,532 men.<a href="#cite_note-deities-2">[2]</a> Among those are 1,066 convicted <a href="/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes" title="Japanese war crimes">war criminals</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a>, twelve of whom were charged with <a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East#Charges" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">Class A</a> crimes (the planning, preparation, initiation, or waging of the war). Eleven were convicted on those charges with the twelfth found not guilty on all such charges though he was found guilty of Class B war crimes. The names of two more men charged with Class A war crimes are on the list but one died during trial and one before trial so they were never convicted. This has led to many <a href="/wiki/Controversies_surrounding_Yasukuni_Shrine" title="Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine">controversies surrounding the shrine</a>. Another memorial at the <a href="/wiki/Honden" title="Honden">honden</a> (main hall) building commemorates anyone who died on behalf of Japan and so includes <a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Koreans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">Taiwanese</a> who served Japan at the time. The <a href="/wiki/Chinreisha" title="Chinreisha">Chinreisha</a> ("Spirit Pacifying Shrine") building is a shrine built to inter the souls of all the people who died during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, regardless of their nationality. It is located directly south of the Yasukuni Honden. Japanese soldiers fought World War II in the name of <a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Emperor Shōwa</a>, who visited the shrine 8 times between the end of the war and 1975.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> However, he boycotted the shrine due to his displeasure over the enshrinement of top convicted Japanese war criminals.<a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[4]</a> His successors, <a href="/wiki/Akihito" title="Akihito">Akihito</a> and <a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a>, have never visited the shrine.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/State_Shinto" title="State Shinto">State Shinto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dkonsha" class="mw-redirect" title="Shōkonsha">Shōkonsha</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foundation_for_the_dead_in_the_Boshin_War_and_Meiji_Restoration">Foundation for the dead in the Boshin War and Meiji Restoration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Foundation for the dead in the Boshin War and Meiji Restoration">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tokyo_Shokonsha.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tokyo_Shokonsha.JPG/220px-Tokyo_Shokonsha.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tokyo_Shokonsha.JPG/330px-Tokyo_Shokonsha.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tokyo_Shokonsha.JPG/440px-Tokyo_Shokonsha.JPG 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="373" /></a><figcaption>Tōkyō Shōkonsha in 1873</figcaption></figure> The site for the Yasukuni Shrine, originally named Tōkyō Shōkonsha (東京招魂社, "shrine to summon the souls"), was chosen by order of the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji Emperor">Meiji Emperor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> The shrine was established in 1869, in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Boshin_War" title="Boshin War">Boshin War</a>, in order to honor the souls of those who died fighting for the Emperor. It initially served as the "apex" of a network of similar shrines throughout Japan that had originally been established for the souls of various feudal lords' retainers, and which continued to enshrine local individuals who died in the Emperor's service.<a href="#cite_note-nippon0821a-7">[7]</a> Following the 1877 <a href="/wiki/Satsuma_Rebellion" title="Satsuma Rebellion">Satsuma Rebellion</a>, the Emperor had 6,959 souls of war dead enshrined at Tōkyō Shōkonsha.<a href="#cite_note-nippon0821a-7">[7]</a> In 1879, the shrine was renamed Yasukuni Jinja. The name Yasukuni, quoted from the phrase「吾以靖國也 in the classical-era Chinese text <a href="/wiki/Zuo_Zhuan" title="Zuo Zhuan">Zuo Zhuan</a> (Scroll 6, 23rd Year of Duke Xi), literally means "Pacifying the Nation" and was chosen by the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji Emperor">Meiji Emperor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The name is formally written as 靖國神社, using the <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABjitai" title="Kyūjitai">kyūjitai</a> character forms common before the end of the Pacific War. <ul><li>Among the enshrined are <a href="/wiki/Yoshida_Sh%C5%8Din" title="Yoshida Shōin">Yoshida Shōin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sakamoto_Ry%C5%8Dma" title="Sakamoto Ryōma">Sakamoto Ryōma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Takasugi_Shinsaku" title="Takasugi Shinsaku">Takasugi Shinsaku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nakaoka_Shintar%C5%8D" title="Nakaoka Shintarō">Nakaoka Shintarō</a>, <a href="/wiki/Takechi_Hanpeita" title="Takechi Hanpeita">Takechi Hanpeita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanai_Hashimoto" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanai Hashimoto">Sanai Hashimoto</a>, and <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cmura_Masujir%C5%8D" title="Ōmura Masujirō">Ōmura Masujirō</a>, who contributed to the <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_shogunate" title="Tokugawa shogunate">Tokugawa shogunate</a>'s overthrow and the Meiji Restoration during the <a href="/wiki/Bakumatsu" title="Bakumatsu">Bakumatsu</a> period in Japan. In contrast, the shrine does not enshrine the war dead of shogunate retainers such as the soldiers of the former Shogunate forces, the <a href="/wiki/Ouetsu_Reppan_Domei" class="mw-redirect" title="Ouetsu Reppan Domei">Ouetsu Reppan Domei</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Shinsengumi" title="Shinsengumi">Shinsengumi</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Shogitai" class="mw-redirect" title="Shogitai">Shogitai</a>.</li> <li>Although <a href="/wiki/Saig%C5%8D_Takamori" title="Saigō Takamori">Saigō Takamori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eto_Shinpei" class="mw-redirect" title="Eto Shinpei">Eto Shinpei</a> and Maebara Issei made a contribution to the Meiji Restoration, they were not enshrined because they revolted against the Meiji government after that.<a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-hyakunenshi-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-nenpyo-11">[11]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_First_Sino-Japanese_War_to_Second_Sino-Japanese_War">From First Sino-Japanese War to Second Sino-Japanese War</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: From First Sino-Japanese War to Second Sino-Japanese War">edit</a>]</div> The enshrinement of war dead at Yasukuni was transferred to military control in 1887. As the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a> expanded, <a href="/wiki/Okinawan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Okinawan people">Okinawans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ainu_people" title="Ainu people">Ainu</a> and Koreans were enshrined at Yasukuni alongside ethnic Japanese. Emperor Meiji refused to allow the enshrinement of Taiwanese due to the organized resistance that followed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Shimonoseki" title="Treaty of Shimonoseki">Treaty of Shimonoseki</a>, but Taiwanese were later admitted due to the need to conscript them during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nippon0821a-7">[7]</a> In 1932, two <a href="/wiki/Sophia_University" title="Sophia University">Sophia University</a> (Jōchi Daigaku) Catholic students refused visit to Yasukuni Shrine on the grounds that it was contrary to their religious convictions.<a href="#cite_note-A._Hamish_Ion-12">[12]</a> In 1936, the <a href="/wiki/Society_for_the_Propagation_of_the_Faith" title="Society for the Propagation of the Faith">Society for the Propagation of the Faith</a> (Propaganda Fide) of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> issued the Instruction Pluries Instanterque,<a href="#cite_note-Pluries-13">[13]</a> and approved visits to Yasukuni Shrine as an expression of patriotic motive.<a href="#cite_note-Breen-14">[14]</a> This response of the Catholic Church helped the Jesuit university avoid a fateful crisis, but it meant its bowing down to the military power and control by Emperor system. [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>][<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view/FAQ#Assert_facts,_not_opinions" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/FAQ">opinion</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="During_World_War_II_and_the_GHQ_control_period">During World War II and the GHQ control period</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: During World War II and the GHQ control period">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Statism_in_Sh%C5%8Dwa_Japan" title="Statism in Shōwa Japan">Statism in Shōwa Japan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Japan_during_the_Second_Sino-Japanese_War_and_World_War_II" title="Propaganda in Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II">Propaganda in Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II</a></div> By the 1930s, the military government sought centralized state control over memorialization of the war dead, giving Yasukuni a more central role. Enshrinements at Yasukuni were originally announced in the government's <a href="/wiki/Government_gazette" title="Government gazette">official gazette</a> so that the souls could be treated as national heroes. In April 1944, this practice ended and the identities of the spirits were concealed from the general public.<a href="#cite_note-nippon0821a-7">[7]</a> The shrine had a critical role in military and civilian morale during the war era as a symbol of dedication to the Emperor.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Enshrinement at Yasukuni signified meaning and nobility to those who died for their country. During the final days of the war, it was common for soldiers sent on <a href="/wiki/Kamikaze" title="Kamikaze">kamikaze</a> suicide missions to say that they would "meet again at Yasukuni" following their death.<a href="#cite_note-nippon1125-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> Military songs created at that time often included information about Yasukuni, such as Doki no Sakura(同期の桜) and Calming the country(国の鎮め). At that time, however, the coalition saw that Japan, which was in a tight corner, was using Yasukuni for propaganda purposes. The main point is that the Yasukuni is used as a means of pressure to induce soldiers to choose suicide bombing to escape desperate situations, or to socially bury those who are captured or want to surrender.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> After World War II, the US-led <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Commander_Allied_Powers" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Commander Allied Powers">Occupation Authorities</a> (known as GHQ for General Headquarters) issued the <a href="/wiki/Shinto_Directive" title="Shinto Directive">Shinto Directive</a>, which ordered the separation of church and state and forced Yasukuni Shrine to become either a secular government institution or a religious institution independent from the Japanese government. Yasukuni Shrine has been privately funded and operated since 1946, when it was elected to become an individual religious corporation, independent of the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Shinto_Shrines" title="Association of Shinto Shrines">Association of Shinto Shrines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-JapanFocus-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> The GHQ planned to burn down the Yasukuni Shrine and build a dog race course in its place.<a href="#cite_note-Deities_at_Yasukuni_Shrine-21">[21]</a> However, Father Bruno Bitter of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> and Father Patrick Byrne of <a href="/wiki/Maryknoll" title="Maryknoll">Maryknoll</a> insisted to the GHQ that honoring their war dead is the right and duty of citizens everywhere, and the GHQ decided not to destroy the Yasukuni shrine.<a href="#cite_note-Breen-14">[14]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> reaffirmed the Instruction Pluries Instanterque in 1951.<a href="#cite_note-Pluries-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Breen-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_issues_and_controversies">Post-war issues and controversies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Post-war issues and controversies">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Controversies_surrounding_Yasukuni_Shrine" title="Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine">Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Enshrinement_of_war_criminals">Enshrinement of war criminals</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Enshrinement of war criminals">edit</a>]</div> In 1956, the shrine authorities and the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Health,_Labour_and_Welfare" title="Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare">Ministry of Health and Welfare</a> established a system for the government to share information with the shrine regarding deceased war veterans. By April 1959, most of Japan's war dead who were not already enshrined at Yasukuni were enshrined in this manner.<a href="#cite_note-nippon1125-16">[16]</a> <a href="/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes" title="Japanese war crimes">War criminals</a> prosecuted by the <a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">International Military Tribunal for the Far East</a> were initially excluded from enshrinement after the war.<a href="#cite_note-nippon1125-16">[16]</a> In 1951, government authorities began considering their enshrinement, along with providing veterans' benefits to their survivors, following the signature of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Francisco" title="Treaty of San Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco</a>. In 1954, government directed some local memorial shrines to accept the enshrinement of war criminals from their area.<a href="#cite_note-asahi0121-22">[22]</a> No convicted war criminals were enshrined at Yasukuni until after the parole of the last remaining incarcerated war criminals in 1958. In 1959, the Health and Welfare Ministry began forwarding information on Class B and Class C war criminals (those not involved in the planning, preparation, initiation, or waging of the war) to Yasukuni Shrine. These individuals were gradually enshrined between 1959 and 1967, often without permission from surviving family members.<a href="#cite_note-nippon1125-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-asahi0121-22">[22]</a> In 1966, information on fourteen men who had been charged with Class A war crimes was forwarded to the shrine. Eleven were convicted on these charges, one was convicted of Class B war crimes, and two died before completing trial. This group included the prime ministers and top generals from the war era. In 1970, the shrine passed a resolution to enshrine these individuals. The timing for their enshrinement was left to the discretion of head priest Fujimaro Tsukuba, who delayed the enshrinement through his death in March 1978.<a href="#cite_note-nippon1125-16">[16]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%BB%8D%E8%A3%85%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/%E8%BB%8D%E8%A3%85%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC.jpg/220px-%E8%BB%8D%E8%A3%85%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/%E8%BB%8D%E8%A3%85%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC.jpg/330px-%E8%BB%8D%E8%A3%85%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/%E8%BB%8D%E8%A3%85%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC.jpg/440px-%E8%BB%8D%E8%A3%85%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Visitors in military uniforms with the <a href="/wiki/Rising_Sun_Flag" title="Rising Sun Flag">Rising Sun Flag</a> in August 2012</figcaption></figure> In 1978, his successor Nagayoshi Matsudaira, who rejected the Tokyo war crimes tribunal's verdicts, enshrined these fourteen convicted or alleged war criminals in a secret ceremony.<a href="#cite_note-nippon1125-16">[16]</a> Emperor Shōwa, who visited the shrine as recently as 1975, was privately displeased with the action, and subsequently refused to visit the shrine.<a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[4]</a> In 1979, the details of the enshrinement of war criminals became public, but there was minimal controversy about the issue for several years.<a href="#cite_note-nippon1125-16">[16]</a> No <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Japan" title="Emperor of Japan">Emperor of Japan</a> has visited Yasukuni since 1975. The head-priest Junna Nakata at <a href="/wiki/Honzen-ji" title="Honzen-ji">Honzen-ji Temple</a> (of the <a href="/wiki/Shingon_Buddhism" title="Shingon Buddhism">Shingon</a> sect Daigo-ha) requested the pontiff Pope Paul VI to say a Mass for the repose of the souls of all people in Yasukuni, which would include the 1,618 men condemned as Class A, B and C war criminals, and he promised to do so. In 1980, <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> complied, and a Mass was held in <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a> for all the fallen civilians and fallen dead worshiped in the shrine.<a href="#cite_note-Breen-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Statements_by_the_shrine_museum">Statements by the shrine museum</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Statements by the shrine museum">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABsh%C5%ABkan" title="Yūshūkan">The museum</a> and website of the Yasukuni Shrine have made statements criticizing the United States for "<a href="/wiki/Events_leading_to_the_attack_on_Pearl_Harbor#Background" class="mw-redirect" title="Events leading to the attack on Pearl Harbor">convincing</a>" the Empire of Japan to launch the <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">attack on Pearl Harbor</a> in order to justify the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a>, as well as claiming that Japan went to war with the intention of creating a "<a href="/wiki/Greater_East_Asia_Co-Prosperity_Sphere" title="Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere">Co-Prosperity Sphere</a>" for all Asians.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chronology">Chronology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Chronology">edit</a>]</div> <a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-hyakunenshi-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-nenpyo-11">[11]</a>See details on related controversy in <a href="/wiki/Controversies_surrounding_Yasukuni_Shrine" title="Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine">Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Rama_VII_and_his_suite_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/King_Rama_VII_and_his_suite_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg/220px-King_Rama_VII_and_his_suite_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/King_Rama_VII_and_his_suite_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg/330px-King_Rama_VII_and_his_suite_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/King_Rama_VII_and_his_suite_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg/440px-King_Rama_VII_and_his_suite_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="390" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/King_of_Thailand" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Thailand">King of Thailand</a>, King Rama VII (<a href="/wiki/Prajadhipok" title="Prajadhipok">Prajadhipok</a>)'s visit to the Yasukuni Shrine, May 1931</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Lindbergh_and_his_wife_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Charles_Lindbergh_and_his_wife_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg/220px-Charles_Lindbergh_and_his_wife_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="358" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Charles_Lindbergh_and_his_wife_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg/330px-Charles_Lindbergh_and_his_wife_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Charles_Lindbergh_and_his_wife_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anne_Morrow_Lindbergh" title="Anne Morrow Lindbergh">Anne Morrow Lindbergh</a> visiting Yasukuni Shrine, October 1931</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:French_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/French_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg/220px-French_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/French_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg/330px-French_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/French_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="290" /></a><figcaption>French Navy officers' visit to Yasukuni Shrine, May 1933</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/US_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg/220px-US_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/US_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg/330px-US_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/US_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg/440px-US_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="290" /></a><figcaption>The United States Navy officers' visit to Yasukuni Shrine, July 1933</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:German_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/German_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg/220px-German_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/German_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg/330px-German_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/German_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg/440px-German_Navy_personnel_visit_to_the_Yasukuni_Shrine_in_1930s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kriegsmarine" title="Kriegsmarine">German Navy</a> officers' visit to Yasukuni Shrine, March 1937</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hitlerjugend_visit_to_Yasukuni_Shrine_State_Shint%C5%8D_wreath_procession_kannushi_1938.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Hitlerjugend_visit_to_Yasukuni_Shrine_State_Shint%C5%8D_wreath_procession_kannushi_1938.jpg/220px-Hitlerjugend_visit_to_Yasukuni_Shrine_State_Shint%C5%8D_wreath_procession_kannushi_1938.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Hitlerjugend_visit_to_Yasukuni_Shrine_State_Shint%C5%8D_wreath_procession_kannushi_1938.jpg/330px-Hitlerjugend_visit_to_Yasukuni_Shrine_State_Shint%C5%8D_wreath_procession_kannushi_1938.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Hitlerjugend_visit_to_Yasukuni_Shrine_State_Shint%C5%8D_wreath_procession_kannushi_1938.jpg/440px-Hitlerjugend_visit_to_Yasukuni_Shrine_State_Shint%C5%8D_wreath_procession_kannushi_1938.jpg 2x" data-file-width="789" data-file-height="570" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hitler_Youth" title="Hitler Youth">Hitler Youth</a> visit to Yasukuni Shrine, October 1938</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eirei_ni_kotaeru_Kai_members.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Eirei_ni_kotaeru_Kai_members.jpg/220px-Eirei_ni_kotaeru_Kai_members.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Eirei_ni_kotaeru_Kai_members.jpg/330px-Eirei_ni_kotaeru_Kai_members.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Eirei_ni_kotaeru_Kai_members.jpg/440px-Eirei_ni_kotaeru_Kai_members.jpg 2x" data-file-width="494" data-file-height="340" /></a><figcaption>Eirei ni kotaeru Kai (Society for Honoring the Glorious War Dead) members, August 2001</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>1862 <ul><li>December — (Tenporeki (Tenpō calendar)): The Shinsōsai (神葬祭) (Shōkonsai (招魂祭)) for the Junnan shishi (殉難志士) was held for the first time at the Shindō Sōsaijō Reimeisha (神道葬祭場霊明社) (current <a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Ryozen_Gokoku_Shrine" title="Kyoto Ryozen Gokoku Shrine">Kyoto Ryozen Gokoku Shrine</a>) at <a href="/wiki/Higashiyama-ku,_Kyoto" title="Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto">Higashiyama</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>. The Saijin (deities) enshrined in the Shindō Sōsaijō Reimeisha are three kami including <a href="/wiki/Kukurihime_no_Kami" class="mw-redirect" title="Kukurihime no Kami">Kukurihime no Kami</a> (菊理媛神).</li></ul></li> <li>1868 <ul><li>January — (Tenpō calendar): The <a href="/wiki/Boshin_War" title="Boshin War">Boshin War</a> started and continued until May, 1869 (Tenpō calendar)</li> <li>April 20 — (Tenpō calendar): The tasshi (proclamation) by the Tōkaidō Senpō Sōtokufu (東海道先鋒総督府) (Tōkaidō spearhead governor) ordered the creation of a list of the war dead.</li> <li>April 28 (Tenpō calendar): The tasshi by the Tōkaidō Senpō Sōtokufu decided to hold Shōkonsai (招魂祭)</li> <li>May 10 (Tenpō calendar): The Dajokan Fukoku (Proclamation or Decree by the Grand Council of State) ordered the enshrinement of the war dead at <a href="/wiki/Higashiyama-ku,_Kyoto" title="Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto">Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto</a> (Current <a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Ryozen_Gokoku_Shrine" title="Kyoto Ryozen Gokoku Shrine">Kyoto Ryozen Gokoku Shrine</a>).</li> <li>May 28 (Tenpō calendar): The tasshi by the Gyōseikan (行政官) (Administrative officers) ordered submission of the list of the war dead to Jingikan (神祇官) (Bureau of Rites)</li> <li>June 2 (Tenpō calendar): The Shōkonsai was held at Nishi-no-maru ōhiroma of <a href="/wiki/Edo_Castle" title="Edo Castle">Edo Castle</a></li> <li>July 8 (Tenpō calendar): The tasshi by the Jingikan (神祇官) (Bureau of Rites) ordered the holding of the Shōkonsai.</li> <li>July 10–11 (Tenpō calendar): The Shōkonsai was held at the Katō Sōrenjo (河東操錬場) in Kyoto.</li></ul></li> <li>1869 <ul><li>July 12 (Tenpō calendar): The tasshi by the Gunmukan ordered the establishment of Tōkyō Shōkonsha</li> <li>July 29: The establishment of Tōkyō Shōkonsha: <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Meiji" title="Emperor Meiji">Emperor Meiji</a> gave Tōkyō Shōkonsha an estate worth 5000 koku (nominally 10,000 koku) as eitai saishiryō (永代祭粢料).</li> <li>July: The 1st Gōshisai (合祀祭) (a festival held for enshrining the war dead together) (Number of newly enshrined: 3,588)</li></ul></li> <li>1870: The Shōkonsha horse trackrace was established as the first Japanese racetrack in the country along the outside of the shrine approach</li> <li>1872 May 10 (Tenpo calendar): The establishment of the honden</li> <li>1874 <ul><li>February: The <a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_Taiwan_(1874)" title="Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1874)">Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1874)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Meiji" title="Emperor Meiji">Emperor Meiji</a> paid respect at the Yasukuni shrine. Since then, royal visit had been paid intermittently until 1975</li> <li>August: The 2nd Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 192)</li> <li>November: The 3rd Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 16)</li></ul></li> <li>1875 <ul><li>February 22: Rinjisai (臨時祭, Special festival)</li> <li>February: The 4th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 12)</li> <li>July: 5th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 1)</li></ul></li> <li>1876 January: The 6th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 1)</li> <li>1877 <ul><li>January: The 7th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 131)</li> <li>February: <a href="/wiki/Seinan_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Seinan War">Seinan War</a></li> <li>November 14: Rinjisai</li> <li>November: The 8th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 6,505)</li></ul></li> <li>1878 <ul><li>July: The 9th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 160)</li> <li>November: The 10th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 4)</li></ul></li> <li>1879 <ul><li>June 4: The shrine was registered to <a href="/wiki/Bekkaku_Kanpeisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Bekkaku Kanpeisha">Bekkaku-kanpeisya</a> and renamed Yasukuni shrine by Dajōan.</li> <li>June: The 11th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 266)</li></ul></li> <li>1882 <ul><li>February: The inauguration of <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABsh%C5%ABkan" title="Yūshūkan">Yūshūkan</a> (the oldest military museum in the world)</li> <li>November: The 12th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 12)</li></ul></li> <li>1883 May: The 13th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 80)</li> <li>1884 November: The 14th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 47)</li> <li>1885 May: The 15th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 6)</li> <li>1888 <ul><li>May: The 16th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 607)</li> <li>November: The 17th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 18)</li></ul></li> <li>1889 <ul><li>May: The 18th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 1,460)</li> <li>November: The 19th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 61)</li></ul></li> <li>1891 November: The 20th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 1,272)</li> <li>1893 November: The 21st Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 80)</li> <li>1894 August: The <a href="/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War" title="First Sino-Japanese War">First Sino-Japanese War</a> started and continued until April 1895.</li> <li>1895 <ul><li>November 17: Rinjitaisai (臨時大祭, Special grand festival)</li> <li>November: The 22nd Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 1,496)</li></ul></li> <li>1896 <ul><li>May 6: Rinjitaisai</li> <li>May: The 23rd Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 143)</li> <li>November: The 24th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 97)</li></ul></li> <li>1898 <ul><li>November 5: Rinjitaisai</li> <li>November: The 25th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 11,383)</li> <li>: The closure of the horse racetrack</li></ul></li> <li>1899 <ul><li>May: The 26th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 340)</li> <li>November: The 27th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshineed: 83)</li></ul></li> <li>1900 <ul><li>May: The 28th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 35)</li> <li>May: The <a href="/wiki/Boxer_Rebellion" title="Boxer Rebellion">Boxer Rebellion</a> (to September)</li></ul></li> <li>1901 <ul><li>October 31: Rinjitaisai</li> <li>October: The establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Haiden_(Shinto)" title="Haiden (Shinto)">haiden</a></li> <li>November: 29th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 1,282)</li></ul></li> <li>1904 <ul><li>February: The <a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese War</a> (until September 1904)</li> <li>May: The 30th Rinjitaisai</li> <li>May: The 31st Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 30,883)</li></ul></li> <li>1906 <ul><li>May 2: Rinjitaisai</li> <li>May: The 32nd Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 29,960)</li></ul></li> <li>1907 <ul><li>May 3: Rinjitaisai</li> <li>May: The 33rd Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 24,657)</li></ul></li> <li>1908 <ul><li>May 5: Rinjitaisai</li> <li>May: The 34th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 1,943)</li></ul></li> <li>1909 <ul><li>May 5: Rinjitaisai</li> <li>May: The 35th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 817)</li></ul></li> <li>1910 <ul><li>May 5: Rinjitaisai</li> <li>May: The 36th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 141)</li></ul></li> <li>1911 <ul><li>May 5: Rinjitaisai</li> <li>May: The 37th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 631, Total: 118,499)</li></ul></li> <li>1914 July: <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> (to October 1918)</li> <li>1919 May: The festival marking the 50th anniversary of the foundation</li> <li>1920 March: The <a href="/wiki/Nikolayevsk_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolayevsk Incident">Nikolayevsk Incident</a></li> <li>1923 September: The <a href="/wiki/Great_Kanto_earthquake" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Kanto earthquake">Great Kanto earthquake</a></li> <li>1928 May: The <a href="/wiki/Jinan_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinan Incident">Jinan Incident</a></li> <li>1931 March: The Shōkonshi (招魂祠) of the Fukuba family was transferred to inside the Yasukuni precinct as Motomiya.</li> <li>1932: The incident between <a href="/wiki/Sophia_University" title="Sophia University">Sophia University</a> (Jochi Daigaku) and the Yasukuni Shrine occurred, when a student refused visit to the Yasukuni shrine with the rest of the school on the ground that it was contrary to his religious convictions.<a href="#cite_note-A._Hamish_Ion-12">[12]</a></li> <li>1936: The <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Evangelization_of_Peoples" title="Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples">Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples</a> (Propaganda Fide) of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> issued the Instruction Pluries Instanterque,<a href="#cite_note-Pluries-13">[13]</a> and approved visit to the Yasukuni shrine as an expression of patriotic motive<a href="#cite_note-Breen-14">[14]</a></li> <li>1938 April: Establishment of the new Shōkonsaitei</li> <li>1937 July: The <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a></li> <li>1941 December 8: <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a> (continued to 1945)</li> <li>1945 <ul><li>August 15: Emperor Shōwa gave a recorded radio address across the Empire on August 15. In the radio address, called the <a href="/wiki/Gyokuon-h%C5%8Ds%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyokuon-hōsō">Gyokuon-hōsō</a>, he announced the surrender of Japan to the Allies.</li> <li>October: The General Headquarters (GHQ) planned to burn down the Yasukuni Shrine and build a dog race course in its place.<a href="#cite_note-Deities_at_Yasukuni_Shrine-21">[21]</a> However, Father Bruno Bitter of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> and Father Patrick Byrne of <a href="/wiki/Maryknoll" title="Maryknoll">Maryknoll</a> insisted to GHQ that honoring their war dead is the right and duty of citizens everywhere, and GHQ decided not to destroy the Yasukuni shrine.<a href="#cite_note-Breen-14">[14]</a></li> <li>November 19: Rinji Dai-Shōkonsai</li> <li>December: The <a href="/wiki/Shinto_Directive" title="Shinto Directive">Shinto Directive</a></li></ul></li> <li>1946 <ul><li>May 1: The 67th Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 26,969)</li> <li>September: Yasukuni Shrine was registered as a Religious Corporation of Japan.</li></ul></li> <li>1947 <ul><li>The Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 59,337)</li> <li>July 13: The 1st Mitama Matsuri。</li></ul></li> <li>1951 <ul><li>April 3: The enforcement of the Religious Corporation Act</li> <li>October 18: The first Reitaisai after WWII</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> reconfirmed the Instruction Pluries Instanterque<a href="#cite_note-Pluries-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Breen-14">[14]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1952 April 28: The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Francisco" title="Treaty of San Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco</a> came into force.</li> <li>1955 <ul><li>August 14: A memorial service was held for 540 suicide victims after the end of the Pacific war.</li> <li>October 17: Rinjitaisai</li></ul></li> <li>1956: Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 112,609)</li> <li>1957: Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 470,010)</li> <li>1958: Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 217,536)</li> <li>1959 <ul><li>April 8: Rinjitaisai</li> <li>April: Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 346 dead including the class B and C war criminals who died from the death sentence execution)</li> <li>October 4: Gōshisai (<a href="/wiki/Prince_Kitashirakawa_Yoshihisa" title="Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa">Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Nagahisa_Kitashirakawa" title="Prince Nagahisa Kitashirakawa">Prince Nagahisa Kitashirakawa</a>)</li> <li>October: Gōshisai (Number of newly enshrined: 479 dead including the class B and C war criminals who died from the death sentence execution)</li> <li>November 5: Taisai (festival) marking the 90th anniversary of the foundation</li></ul></li> <li>1960 August 15: Asia-Taiheiyō Sensō Junkokusya Kenshō Ireisai (アジア・太平洋戦争殉国者顕彰慰霊祭) (the memorial service to honor the war dead in the Asia-Pacific War)</li> <li>1964 August 15: Holding of a government-sponsored memorial ceremony for Japan's war dead (the ceremony has been held at the <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Budokan" title="Nippon Budokan">Budokan</a> since 1965)</li> <li>1965 <ul><li>July: The establishment of Chinreisha</li> <li>October 19: Rinjitaisai</li></ul></li> <li>1969 October 19: The Taisai (annual main festival) marking the 100th anniversary of the foundation was held, and the Ikōshu (遺稿集) (Collection of literary remains of the war dead in the Greater East Asia War (<a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a>) was issued as a commemorative publication in 1973.</li> <li>1972 March 13: The establishment of Reijibo Hōanden (霊璽簿奉安殿)</li> <li>1975 <ul><li>August 15: <a href="/wiki/Takeo_Miki" title="Takeo Miki">Takeo Miki</a> became the first prime minister to visit the shrine on August 15, the anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_surrender" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese surrender">Japanese surrender</a>. He visited in a solely private capacity and underscored this by not using an official vehicle, bringing other public officials or using his title as prime minister. Similar visits continued without arousing international protests even after the enshrinement of war criminals became publicly known.</li> <li>November 21: <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Sh%C5%8Dwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Shōwa">Emperor Shōwa</a> visited the Yasukuni shrine. Since then, there has not been another imperial visit to the shrine because of his displeasure over the enshrinement of convicted war criminals.<a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[4]</a></li> <li>The head-priest at the Honsenji (the <a href="/wiki/Shingon_Buddhism" title="Shingon Buddhism">Shingon</a> sect Daigo-ha) Junna Nakata hoped that the pontiff Pope Paul VI might say a Mass for the repose of the souls of the 1,618 men condemned as Class A, B and C war criminals, and the Pope promised to say the Mass requested of him but died in 1978 without saying the Mass.<a href="#cite_note-Breen-14">[14]</a></li></ul></li> <li>1976 June 22: The establishment of the Eirei ni kotaeru kai (英霊にこたえる会) (Society for Honoring the Glorious War Dead)</li> <li>1978 October 17: Gōshisai was held to enshrine 14 dead who died from the death penalty execution of the <a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">International Military Tribunal for the Far East</a> or died in connection with the Tribunal. Since then, the Yasukuni shrine has used the designation Shōwa Junnansya (昭和殉難者) (Martyrs of Shōwa).</li> <li>1980 <ul><li>May 22: <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> kept Pope Paul VI's word, and the Mass for the fallen civilians and fallen dead worshiped in the shrine including the unofficial 1,618 war criminals of Classes A, B and C took place in <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a>. Nakata attended the Mass, and presented the Pope with an eight-foot high replica of the Daigoji temple's five-story pagoda; inside the replica were memorial tablets Nakata had personally made for all 1,618 war criminals. The Pope blessed the replica pagoda but took no special interest in it.<a href="#cite_note-Breen-14">[14]</a></li> <li>November 16: The establishment of Yasukuni Jinja Hōsankai (靖国神社奉賛会)</li></ul></li> <li>1985 <ul><li>August 15: Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Yasuhiro_Nakasone" title="Yasuhiro Nakasone">Yasuhiro Nakasone</a> paid his respects at the Yasukuni shrine, which initiated criticism by <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> for the first time. The criticism of Nakasone's action was so intense that neither he nor his several immediate successors visited the shrine again.</li> <li>September: The 80th anniversary commemorating and honoring the Russo-Japanese War dead (日露戦争役80年慰霊顕彰祭)</li></ul></li> <li>1989 January: Taisai (festival) marking the 120th anniversary of the foundation</li> <li>1996 Prime minister <a href="/wiki/Ryutaro_Hashimoto" title="Ryutaro Hashimoto">Ryutaro Hashimoto</a> paid his respects at the Yasukuni shrine in order to fulfill a promise to a childhood mentor.<a href="#cite_note-zakowski-24">[24]</a></li> <li>1998 December: The disbandment of Yasukuni Jinja Hōsankai (靖国神社奉賛会) and reorganization of Yasukuni Jinja Sukei Hōsankai (靖国神社崇敬奉賛会)</li> <li>2001 <ul><li>July 18: The <a href="/wiki/Asahi_Shimbun" class="mw-redirect" title="Asahi Shimbun">Asahi Shimbun</a> reported that the South Korean government was reclaiming spirit tablets of Korean enshrined in the Yasukuni shrine even though Yasukuni shrine houses only Symbolic Registry of Divinities (霊璽簿, Reijibo) (Former Saishinbo (祭神簿)) and spirit tablets do not exist.</li> <li>August 13: Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Junichiro_Koizumi" title="Junichiro Koizumi">Junichiro Koizumi</a>, who ran against Ryutaro Hashimoto for the presidency of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">Liberal Democratic Party</a> in 2001, made a campaign pledge to visit the shrine on an annual basis regardless of the criticism it would cause, which won him support among nationalists and helped him become prime minister from 2001 to 2006. He paid his respect at the Yasukuni shrine on August 13, 2001, as a Prime Minister for the first time in 5 years since the last Hashimoto's visit. This and following Koizumi's annual visits drew extensive criticism from other East-Asian countries,<a href="#cite_note-nippon1125-16">[16]</a> particularly the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a>, where the visits stoked <a href="/wiki/Anti-Japanese_sentiment_in_China" title="Anti-Japanese sentiment in China">anti-Japanese sentiment</a> and influenced power struggles between pro-Japanese and anti-Japanese leaders within the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-zakowski-24">[24]</a> The Japanese government officially viewed the visits by Koizumi as private visits in an individual capacity to express respect and gratitude to the many people who lost their lives in the war, and not for the sake of war criminals or to challenge the findings of the Tokyo war crimes tribunal.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2002 <ul><li>April 21: Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi paid respect at the Yasukuni shrine.</li> <li>July 13: The inauguration of the current <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABsh%C5%ABkan" title="Yūshūkan">Yūshūkan</a></li></ul></li> <li>2003 January 14: Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi paid respect at the Yasukuni shrine.</li> <li>2004 <ul><li>January 1: Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi paid respect at the Yasukuni shrine.</li> <li>September: The establishment of new "Sanshūden"</li></ul></li> <li>2005 <ul><li>January 5: A Yasukuni shrine official said "the shrine has come under intense cyber attack, with its Web site barraged by e-mails believed to come from China since September 2004." The shrine also said on its official web site "These attacks on the Yasukuni Shrine can be taken as not only attacks on the 2.5 million souls who gave their lives for the sake of the country but are also a malicious challenge to Japan. We would like to let the people [of Japan] know the Yasukuni Shrine is under attack, which is a dirty act of terrorism that negates the order of Internet technology and society."<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></li> <li>June 14: About fifty relatives of the war dead of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> visited the Yasukuni shrine for the ceremony to remove spirits of Taiwanese Aboriginal soldiers, but canceled it due to <a href="/wiki/Sound_trucks_in_Japan" title="Sound trucks in Japan">sound trucks</a> (gaisensha, 街宣車) and requests from the police.</li> <li>October 12: A brief ceremony attended by priests of the Yasukuni shrine, representatives of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> and officials from the embassy of South Korea was held, and the <a href="/wiki/Pukkwan_Victory_Monument" title="Pukkwan Victory Monument">Pukkwan Victory Monument</a> Hokkan-Taisyō-Hi (北関大捷碑) was turned over to officials from South Korea, who returned it to its original location, which is now in North Korea.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></li> <li>October 17: Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi paid respect at the Yasukuni shrine.</li></ul></li> <li>2006 <ul><li>August 15: Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi paid respect at the Yasukuni shrine on August 15 (End of the Pacific War Day) for the first time in 21 years since Former Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Yasuhiro_Nakasone" title="Yasuhiro Nakasone">Yasuhiro Nakasone</a>'s visit on August 15.</li> <li>October 12: The <a href="/wiki/Motomiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Motomiya">Motomiya</a> and Chinreisha became open to the public (9 a.m. to 4 p.m.)</li></ul></li> <li>2007 June 7: Former leader of Taiwan <a href="/wiki/Lee_Teng-Hui" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee Teng-Hui">Lee Teng-Hui</a> paid respect at the Yasukuni shrine to honor his senior brother who died as a Japanese soldier.</li> <li>2008 December 24: The Yasukuni official website was cracked by unknown hackers, the homepage content replaced, and the China national flag appeared once during this time.</li> <li>2009 August 11: The Republic of China (Taiwan) <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> Aboriginal <a href="/wiki/Atayal_people" title="Atayal people">Atayal</a> member <a href="/wiki/Kao_Chin_Su-mei" title="Kao Chin Su-mei">Ciwas Ali</a> and about 50 other <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_aborigines" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese aborigines">Taiwanese Aboriginal</a> members protested in front of the <a href="/wiki/Haiden_(Shinto)" title="Haiden (Shinto)">haiden</a> of Yasukuni Shrine in an effort to remove the enshrined spirits of Taiwanese Aboriginal soldiers who died fighting for the Japanese army during Pacific War,<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> as well as suing Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi for visiting Yasukuni Shrine, and injured Yasukuni officers; then Japanese police officers were dispatched.</li> <li>2010 August 15: Longstanding official visit to the Yasukuni shrine by the ministers of state discontinued until 2012.</li> <li>2011 <ul><li>December 26: The shinmon (神門) was set on fire by a Chinese man, Liu Qiang.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></li> <li>May 14 : President of the <a href="/wiki/World_Uyghur_Congress" title="World Uyghur Congress">World Uyghur Congress</a> <a href="/wiki/Rebiya_Kadeer" title="Rebiya Kadeer">Rebiya Kadeer</a> visited the Yasukuni Shrine<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></li> <li>August 15: The <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Land,_Infrastructure,_Transport_and_Tourism" title="Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism">Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism</a> <a href="/wiki/Yuichiro_Hata" title="Yuichiro Hata">Yuichiro Hata</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Public_Safety_Commission_(Japan)" title="National Public Safety Commission (Japan)">National Public Safety Commission</a> <a href="/wiki/Jin_Matsubara" title="Jin Matsubara">Jin Matsubara</a> (Minister of State for Special Missions) paid respects at the Yasukuni Shrine as state ministers for the first time since the Democratic Party of Japan assumed the reins of government.</li></ul></li> <li>2013 <ul><li>April: The Minister of Finance <a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_As%C5%8D" title="Tarō Asō">Tarō Asō</a>, the National Public Safety Commission <a href="/wiki/Keiji_Furuya" title="Keiji Furuya">Keiji Furuya</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Internal_Affairs_and_Communications" title="Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications">Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications</a> <a href="/wiki/Yoshitaka_Shindo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoshitaka Shindo">Yoshitaka Shindo</a>, and the Minister of State for Regulatory Reform <a href="/wiki/Tomomi_Inada" title="Tomomi Inada">Tomomi Inada</a> paid their respects at the Yasukuni shrine during an annual spring festival ceremony.</li> <li>August 15: Three cabinet members, Keiji Furuya, Yoshitaka Shindo, and Tomomi Inada, paid their respects at the Yasukuni shrine.</li> <li>September 21: A Korean resident of Japan threatened to commit arson at Yasukuni shrine, and was arrested by Police.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></li> <li>December 26: Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Shinz%C5%8D_Abe" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinzō Abe">Shinzō Abe</a> made a visit to Yasukuni Shrine and Chinreisha.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> The visit sparked admonition from the Chinese government, which called Abe's visits to Yasukuni "an effort to glorify the Japanese militaristic history of external invasion and colonial rule ... and to challenge the outcome of World War II," as well as regret from Russia.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> The US embassy in Tokyo said it was disappointed with Abe's actions and that his visit would exacerbate tensions with Japan's neighbours.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> The United States urged Japan to improve strained relations with neighboring countries in the aftermath of Abe's controversial visit to Yasukuni Shrine.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> South Korea's culture minister, <a href="/wiki/Yoo_Jin-ryong" title="Yoo Jin-ryong">Yoo Jin-ryong</a>, criticized Abe by saying that his visit "hurts not only the ties between South Korea and Japan, but also fundamentally damages the stability and co-operation in north-east Asia."<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> In an official statement, Abe explained that he wished to "report before the souls of the war dead how my administration has worked for one year and to renew the pledge that Japan must never wage a war again. It is not my intention at all to hurt the feelings of the Chinese and Korean people."<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>2014 <ul><li>January: A poll by the conservative-leaning <a href="/wiki/Sankei_Shimbun" title="Sankei Shimbun">Sankei Shimbun</a> found that only 38.1% of respondents approved of the most recent visit by Abe, while 53% disapproved, a majority of whom cited harm to Japan's foreign relations as their reason. At the same time, 67.7% of respondents said they were not personally convinced by Chinese and Korean criticism of the visit.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> However, another poll in 2015 by <a href="/wiki/Genron_NPO" title="Genron NPO">Genron NPO</a> found that 15.7% of respondents disapproved of visits in general by Prime Ministers while 66% of respondents saw no problem, particularly if they were done in private (which was a decrease from 68.2% the year before).<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></li> <li>April: Canadian singer <a href="/wiki/Justin_Bieber" title="Justin Bieber">Justin Bieber</a> paid a visit to the war shrine. After coming under heavy criticism from Chinese and South Korean fans, he apologized for posting a photo of his visit, claiming to have not known about the background surrounding the shrine.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a></li> <li>August 15: Three cabinet ministers visited the shrine to mark the 69th anniversary of the surrender of Japan in World War II. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe however chose not to.<a href="#cite_note-AbeAbsence-48">[48]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2015 <ul><li>November 23: An explosion at a public toilet in the war shrine caused some damage to the ceiling and wall of the bathroom near the south gate of the shrine<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></li></ul></li> <li>2018 <ul><li>Chinese actor <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Zhehan" title="Zhang Zhehan">Zhang Zhehan</a> took photos of himself posing in front of cherry blossom trees back in March 2018. He followed the Sakura route suggested by state sponsored news agencies such as People's Network.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> In August 2021, the background architecture of one of the photos was recognized as Saikan (office area of the Shrine). After the photos became viral and sparked outrage in China, Zhang issued an apology. However, multiple media agencies and majority of people still accused him of betrayal to the national dignity.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> The photos resulted in 22 brands terminating their endorsements of Zhang. His upcoming films and television shows also terminated all of their associations with him. The China Association of Performing Arts (CAPA) then called for a total entertainment ban on Zhang. Several Chinese music and streaming platforms removed his music, television and film works. Chinese social media platforms <a href="/wiki/Sina_Weibo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sina Weibo">Sina Weibo</a> and <a href="/wiki/TikTok" title="TikTok">TikTok</a> deleted his studio and personal accounts.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></li> <li>October 31: Chief priest resigns following his criticism against Emperor.<a href="#cite_note-:1-55">[55]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annual_celebrations">Annual celebrations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Annual celebrations">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_Mitama_Night.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Yasukuni_Mitama_Night.JPG/220px-Yasukuni_Mitama_Night.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Yasukuni_Mitama_Night.JPG/330px-Yasukuni_Mitama_Night.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Yasukuni_Mitama_Night.JPG/440px-Yasukuni_Mitama_Night.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>The Mitama Festival at Yasukuni Shrine</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_Mitama_Lanterns.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Yasukuni_Mitama_Lanterns.JPG/220px-Yasukuni_Mitama_Lanterns.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Yasukuni_Mitama_Lanterns.JPG/330px-Yasukuni_Mitama_Lanterns.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Yasukuni_Mitama_Lanterns.JPG/440px-Yasukuni_Mitama_Lanterns.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Yasukuni Mitama Lanterns</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:YasukuniJinja_23November.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/YasukuniJinja_23November.JPG/220px-YasukuniJinja_23November.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/YasukuniJinja_23November.JPG/330px-YasukuniJinja_23November.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/YasukuniJinja_23November.JPG/440px-YasukuniJinja_23November.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Haiden with purple curtains in the Niinamesai</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>January 1: <ul><li>12 a.m. Wakamizu Hōten (若水奉奠)</li> <li>8 a.m. Shinnensai (新年祭, New Year's festival)<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></li></ul></li> <li>January 2: Futsukasai (二日祭)</li> <li>January 7: Shōwa-tennō Musashino no Misasagi Yōhai-shiki (昭和天皇武蔵野陵遙拝式) (Service of worshipping toward <a href="/wiki/Musashi_Imperial_Graveyard" title="Musashi Imperial Graveyard">Musashi Imperial Graveyard</a>'s Musashino no Misasagi, which is the Imperial mausoleum of the Shōwa Emperor)</li> <li>January 30: Kōmei-tennō Nochi no Tsukinowa no Higashi no Misasagi Yōhai-shiki (孝明天皇後月輪東山陵遙拝式) (Service of worshipping toward Nochi no Tsukinowa no Higashi no Misasagi, which is the mausoleum of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_K%C5%8Dmei" title="Emperor Kōmei">Emperor Kōmei</a>)</li> <li>February 11: Kenkoku Kinensai (建國記念祭) (National Foundation Day)—Anniversary of the day on which Japan's first Emperor, <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Jimmu" title="Emperor Jimmu">Emperor Jimmu</a>, is said to have founded the Japanese nation.</li> <li>February 17: <a href="/wiki/Kinen-sai" title="Kinen-sai">Kinensai</a> (祈年祭, spring festival for harvest)</li> <li>February 23: Tenno Gotanshin Hoshukusai (天皇御誕辰奉祝祭) (birthday of the current emperor)</li> <li>April 21–23: Shunki Reitaisai (春季例大祭, annual spring festival)<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> <ul><li>April 21: Kiyoharai (清祓, Purifying ceremony)</li> <li>April 22: Tojitsusai (当日祭)</li> <li>April 19: Daifutsukasai (第二日祭), Naorai (直会, feast)</li></ul></li> <li>April 29: Shōwasai (昭和祭, Shōwa Festival) — Emperor Shōwa's birthday</li> <li>June 29: <ul><li>10 a.m. Gosoritsu Kinenbisai (御創立記念日祭) (Founding Day) Commemoration of the founding of Yasukuni Jinja</li> <li>2 p.m. Kenei Hikō-shiki (献詠披講式)</li></ul></li> <li>June 30: Ooharaeshiki (大祓式, Grand Purification Ceremony)</li> <li>July 13–16: Mitama Matsuri (みたままつり) (Mitama Festival)— A mid-summer celebration of the spirits of the ancestors. The entry walk is decorated with 40 foot high walls of more than 30,000 lanterns, and thousands of visitors come to pay respects to their lost relatives and friends.<a href="#cite_note-cnngo-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> <ul><li>July 13: Zenyasai (前夜祭)</li> <li>July 14: Daiichi-yasai (第一夜祭)</li> <li>July 15: Daini-yasai (第二夜祭)</li> <li>July 16: Daisan-yasai (第三夜祭)</li></ul></li> <li>July 30: Meiji Tennō Fushimi Momoyama no Misasagi Yoōhai-shiki (明治天皇伏見桃山陵遙拝式) (Service of worshipping toward Fushimi Momoyama no Misasagi, which is the mausoleum of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Meiji" title="Emperor Meiji">Emperor Meiji</a>)</li> <li>October 17: Jingu Kannamesai Yoōhai-shiki (神宮神嘗祭遙拝式) (Service of worshipping toward <a href="/wiki/Ise_Jing%C5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ise Jingū">Ise Jingū</a> Kannamesai)</li> <li>October 17–20: Shuki Reitaisai (秋季例大祭) (annual autumn festival)<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <ul><li>October 17: Kiyoharai (清祓) (Purifying ceremony), Rinjitaisai (臨時大祭)</li> <li>October 18: Tōjitsusai (当日祭)</li> <li>October 19: Daifutsukasai (第二日祭)</li> <li>October 20: Daimikkasai (第三日祭), Naorai (直会) (feast)</li></ul></li> <li>November 3: Meijisai (明治祭) (Emperor Meiji's birthday)</li> <li>November 23: Niinamesai (新嘗祭) (Festival of First Fruits)</li> <li>December 25: Taishō-tennō Tama-no-Misasagi Yōohai-shiki (大正天皇多摩陵遙拝式) (Worship of <a href="/wiki/Musashi_Imperial_Graveyard" title="Musashi Imperial Graveyard">Tama-no-misasagi</a> for <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Taish%C5%8D" title="Emperor Taishō">Emperor Taishō</a>), Susuharaishiki (Sweeping soot ceremony)</li> <li>December 31: Ooharaeshiki (大祓式) (Grand Purification Ceremony), Joyasai (除夜祭) (Year-End Ritual)</li> <li>The first, 11th and 21st day of each month: Tukinamisai (月次祭)</li> <li>Every day: Asa Mikesai, (朝御饌祭), Yu Mikesai (夕御饌祭), Eitai Kagurasai (永代神楽祭) (Perpetual Kagura festival), Meinichisai, (命日祭)</li></ul> <a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enshrined_deities">Enshrined deities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Enshrined deities">edit</a>]</div> There are over 2,466,000 enshrined kami (deities) listed in the Yasukuni's Symbolic Registry of Divinities. This list includes soldiers, as well as women and students who were involved in relief operations in the battlefield or worked in factories for the war effort.<a href="#cite_note-deities-2">[2]</a> There are neither ashes nor spirit tablets in the shrine. Enshrinement is not exclusive to people of Japanese descent. Yasukuni has enshrined 27,863 Taiwanese and 21,181 Koreans.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Many more kami – those who fought in opposition to imperial Japan, as well as all war dead regardless of nationality – are enshrined at <a href="/wiki/Chinreisha" title="Chinreisha">Chinreisha</a>.<a href="#cite_note-chinreisha-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eligible_categories">Eligible categories</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Eligible categories">edit</a>]</div> As a general rule, the enshrined are limited to military personnel who were killed while serving Japan during armed conflicts. Civilians who were killed during a war are not included, apart from a handful of exceptions. A deceased must fall into one of the following categories for enshrinement in the honden: <ol><li>Military personnel, and civilians serving for the military, who were: <ul><li>killed in action, or died as a result of wounds or illnesses sustained while on duty outside the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Archipelago" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Archipelago">Home Islands</a> (and within the Home Islands after September 1931)</li> <li>missing and presumed to have died as a result of wounds or illnesses sustained while on duty</li> <li>died as a result of war crime tribunals which have been ratified by the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peace_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Peace Treaty">San Francisco Peace Treaty</a></li></ul></li> <li>Civilians who participated in combat under the military and died from resulting wounds or illnesses (includes residents of <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Okinawa</a>)</li> <li>Civilians who died, or are presumed to have died, in <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> <a href="/wiki/Gulag" title="Gulag">labor camps</a> during and after the war</li> <li>Civilians who were officially mobilized or volunteered (such as factory workers, mobilized students, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Red_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Red Cross">Japanese Red Cross</a> nurses and anti air-raid volunteers) who were killed while on duty</li> <li>Crew who were killed aboard <a href="/wiki/Merchant_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchant Navy">Merchant Navy</a> vessels</li> <li>Crew who were killed due to the sinking of exchange ships (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Awa_Maru_(1943)" class="mw-redirect" title="Awa Maru (1943)">Awa Maru</a>)</li> <li>Okinawan schoolchildren evacuees who were killed (e.g. the sinking of <a href="/wiki/Tsushima_Maru" title="Tsushima Maru">Tsushima Maru</a>)</li> <li>Officials of the governing bodies of <a href="/wiki/Karafuto_Prefecture" title="Karafuto Prefecture">Karafuto Prefecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kwantung_Leased_Territory" title="Kwantung Leased Territory">Kwantung Leased Territory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor-General of Korea">Governor-General of Korea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Taiwan" title="Governor-General of Taiwan">Governor-General of Taiwan</a></li></ol> Although new names of soldiers killed during World War II are added to the shrine list every year, no one who was killed due to conflicts after Japan signed the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peace_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Peace Treaty">San Francisco Peace Treaty</a> that formally ended World War II in 1951 has been qualified for enshrinement. Therefore, the shrine does not include members of the Japanese <a href="/wiki/Japan_Self-Defense_Forces" title="Japan Self-Defense Forces">Self-Defense Forces</a> which was established after the peace treaty. Enshrinement is carried out unilaterally by the shrine without consultation of surviving family members and in some cases against the stated wishes of the family members. Some families from foreign countries such as <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> have requested that their relatives be delisted on the grounds that enshrining someone against their beliefs in life constitutes an infringement of the Constitution.<a href="#cite_note-numbers-65">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conflicts">Conflicts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Conflicts">edit</a>]</div> Japan has participated in 16 other conflicts since the <a href="/wiki/Boshin_War" title="Boshin War">Boshin War</a> in 1869. The following table chronologically lists the number of people enshrined as <a href="/wiki/Kami" title="Kami">kami</a> at the honden (as of October 17, 2004) from each of these conflicts. <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Conflict </th> <th class="unsortable">Description </th> <th>Year(s) </th> <th>Number of enshrined </th> <th class="unsortable">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boshin_War" title="Boshin War">Boshin War</a> and <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration">Meiji Restoration</a> </td> <td>Japanese <a href="/wiki/Civil_war" title="Civil war">civil war</a> </td> <td>1867–1869 </td> <td>7,751 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Satsuma_Rebellion" title="Satsuma Rebellion">Satsuma Rebellion</a> </td> <td>Japanese <a href="/wiki/Civil_war" title="Civil war">civil war</a> </td> <td>1877 </td> <td>6,971 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Expedition_of_1874" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwan Expedition of 1874">Taiwan Expedition of 1874</a> </td> <td>Conflict with <a href="/wiki/Paiwan_people" title="Paiwan people">Paiwan people</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_aborigines" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese aborigines">Taiwanese aborigines</a>) </td> <td>1874 </td> <td>1,130 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ganghwa_Island_incident" title="Ganghwa Island incident">Ganghwa Island incident</a> </td> <td>Conflict with <a href="/wiki/Joseon" title="Joseon">Joseon Army</a> </td> <td>1875 </td> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Imo_Incident" title="Imo Incident">Imo Incident</a> </td> <td>Conflict with <a href="/wiki/Joseon_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseon Dynasty">Joseon</a> Rebel Army over <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a> </td> <td>1882 </td> <td>14 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-故堀本工兵中尉外二名招魂祭執行靖国神社ヘ合祀-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gapsin_Coup" title="Gapsin Coup">Gapsin Coup</a> </td> <td>a failed 3-day coup d'état in the late Joseon Dynasty of Korea </td> <td>1884 </td> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War" title="First Sino-Japanese War">First Sino-Japanese War</a> </td> <td>Conflict with <a href="/wiki/Qing_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Qing Dynasty">Qing China</a> over <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a> </td> <td>1894–95 </td> <td>13,619 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boxer_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxer Uprising">Boxer Uprising</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eight-Nation_Alliance" title="Eight-Nation Alliance">Eight-Nation Alliance</a>'s invasion of China </td> <td>1901 </td> <td>1,256 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese War</a> </td> <td>Conflict with <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Russia">Russian Empire</a> over <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a> </td> <td>1904–05 </td> <td>88,429 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> </td> <td>Conflict with <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a>) over <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a>, a Chinese province </td> <td>1914–1918 </td> <td>4,850 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qingshanli" title="Battle of Qingshanli">Battle of Qingshanli</a> </td> <td>Conflict with the Korean Independence Army over <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a> </td> <td>1920 </td> <td>11 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jinan_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinan Incident">Jinan Incident</a> </td> <td>Conflict with the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> of China over <a href="/wiki/Jinan" title="Jinan">Jinan</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a> province </td> <td>1928 </td> <td>185 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wushe_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Wushe Incident">Wushe Incident</a> </td> <td>The last major uprising against colonial Japanese forces in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> </td> <td>1930 </td> <td>Unknown </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nakamura_Incident" title="Nakamura Incident">Nakamura Incident</a> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killing" title="Extrajudicial killing">extrajudicial killing</a> of Imperial Japanese Army Captain Shintarō Nakamura and three others, on 27 June 1931 by Chinese soldiers in Manchuria </td> <td>1931 </td> <td>19 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mukden_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Mukden Incident">Mukden Incident</a> </td> <td>Leading to the occupation of <a href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a> </td> <td>1931–1937 </td> <td>17,176 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-breen-73">[73]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a> </td> <td>Conflict with <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>1937–1941 </td> <td>191,250 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-breen-73">[73]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific theatre</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Indochina_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochina War">Indochina War</a><a href="#cite_note-igawa-74">[74]</a>) </td> <td>Conflict with the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied</a> forces and involvement in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific theater</a> (including Class A, B, & C War Criminals, and <a href="/wiki/Forced_labor_of_Japanese_in_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Forced labor of Japanese in the Soviet Union">Forced labor of Japanese in the Soviet Union</a>) (Conflict with <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a><a href="#cite_note-igawa-74">[74]</a>) </td> <td>1941–1945 1945– </td> <td>2,133,915 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-breen-73">[73]</a> </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td>Total </td> <td>2,466,584 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-number-66">[66]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> The Yasukuni shrine does not include the <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_shogunate" title="Tokugawa shogunate">Tokugawa shogunate</a>'s forces (particularly from the <a href="/wiki/Aizu" title="Aizu">Aizu</a> domain) or rebel forces who died during the Boshin War or Satsuma Rebellion because they are considered enemies of the emperor. They are enshrined at Chinreisha.<a href="#cite_note-chinreisha-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Precinct">Precinct</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Precinct">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_shrine_honden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Yasukuni_shrine_honden.jpg/220px-Yasukuni_shrine_honden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Yasukuni_shrine_honden.jpg/330px-Yasukuni_shrine_honden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Yasukuni_shrine_honden.jpg/440px-Yasukuni_shrine_honden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Yasukuni Shrine's <a href="/wiki/Haiden_(Shinto)" title="Haiden (Shinto)">haiden</a></figcaption></figure> There are a multitude of facilities within the 6.25 <a href="/wiki/Hectare" title="Hectare">hectare</a> grounds of the shrine, as well as several structures along the 4 hectare causeway. Though other shrines in Japan also occupy large areas, Yasukuni is different because of its recent historical connections. The <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABsh%C5%ABkan" title="Yūshūkan">Yūshūkan</a> museum is just the feature that differentiate Yasukuni from other Shinto shrines. The following lists describe many of these facilities and structures. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shrine_structures">Shrine structures</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Shrine structures">edit</a>]</div> On the shrine grounds, there are several important religious structures. The shrine's <a href="/wiki/Haiden_(Shinto)" title="Haiden (Shinto)">haiden</a>, Yasukuni's main prayer hall where worshipers come to pray, was originally built in 1901 in styles of <a href="/wiki/Irimoya-zukuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Irimoya-zukuri">Irimoya-zukuri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hirairi" title="Hirairi">Hirairi</a>, and Doubanbuki (copper roofing) in order to allow patrons to pay their respects and make offerings. This building's roof was renovated in 1989. The white screens hanging off the ceiling are changed to purple ones on ceremonial occasions.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Honden" title="Honden">honden</a> is the main shrine where Yasukuni's enshrined deities reside. Built in 1872 and refurbished in 1989, it is where the shrine's priests perform <a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a> rituals. The building is generally closed to the public.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> The building located on the right side of haiden is the Sanshuden (参集殿) (Assembly Hall), which was rebuilt in 2004. Reception and waiting rooms are available for individuals and groups who wish to worship in the Main Shrine.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> The building located directly behind the Sanshuden is the Tochakuden (到着殿) (Reception Hall).<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> The building located directly behind the honden is known as the Reijibo Hōanden (霊璽簿奉安殿) (Repository for the Symbolic Registers of Divinities) built in styles of Kirizuma-zukuri, Hirairi, and Doubanbuki. It houses the Symbolic Registry of Divinities (霊璽簿, Reijibo)—a handmade Japanese paper document that lists the names of all the kami enshrined and worshiped at Yasukuni Shrine. It was built of quakeproof concrete in 1972 with a private donation from Emperor Shōwa.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> In addition to Yasukuni's main shrine buildings, there are also two peripheral shrines located on the precinct. Motomiya (元宮) is a small shrine that was first established in <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a> by sympathizers of the imperial loyalists that were killed during the early weeks of the civil war that erupted during the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration">Meiji Restoration</a>. Seventy years later, in 1931, it was moved directly south of Yasukuni Shrine's honden. Its name, Motomiya ("Original Shrine"), references the fact that it was essentially a prototype for the current Yasukuni Shrine.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> The second peripheral shrine is the <a href="/wiki/Chinreisha" title="Chinreisha">Chinreisha</a>. This small shrine was constructed in 1965, directly south of the Motomiya. It is dedicated to those not enshrined in the honden—those killed by wars or incidents worldwide, regardless of nationality. It has a festival on July 13.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Torii_and_Mon_(gates)">Torii and Mon (gates)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Torii and Mon (gates)">edit</a>]</div> There are several different <a href="/wiki/Torii" title="Torii">torii</a> and mon (門) gates located on both the causeway and shrine grounds. When moving through the grounds from east to west, the first torii visitors encounter is the Daiichi Torii (Ōtorii). This large steel structure was the largest torii in Japan when it was first erected in 1921 to mark the main entrance to the shrine.<a href="#cite_note-pf130-82">[82]</a> It stands approximately 25 meters tall and 34 meters wide and is the first torii. The current iteration of this torii was erected in 1974 after the original was removed in 1943 due to weather damage. This <a href="/wiki/Torii" title="Torii">torii</a> was recently repainted.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> The Daini Torii (Seidō Ōtorii) is the second torii encountered on the westward walk to the shrine. It was erected in 1887 to replace a wooden one which had been erected earlier.<a href="#cite_note-pf130-82">[82]</a> This is the largest bronze torii in Japan.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Immediately following the Daini Torii is the shinmon (神門). A 6-meter tall <a href="/wiki/Hinoki_cypress" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinoki cypress">hinoki cypress</a> gate, it was first built in 1934 and restored in 1994. Each of its two doors bears a <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan" title="Imperial Seal of Japan">Chrysanthemum Crest</a> measuring 1.5 meters in diameter.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> West of this gate is the Chumon Torii (中門鳥居) (Third Shrine Gate), the last torii visitors must pass underneath before reaching Yasukuni's haiden. It was recently rebuilt of cypress harvested in <a href="/wiki/Saitama_Prefecture" title="Saitama Prefecture">Saitama Prefecture</a> in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> In addition to the three torii and one gate that lead to the main shrine complex, there are a few others that mark other entrances to the shrine grounds. The Ishi Torii is a large stone torii located on the south end of the main causeway. It was erected in 1932 and marks the entrance to the parking lots.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> The Kitamon and Minamimon are two areas that mark the north and south entrances, respectively, into the Yasukuni Shrine complex. The Minamimon is marked by a small wooden gateway. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:796px;max-width:796px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader" style="text-align:Center"><a href="#Gates">Torii and Mon (Gates)</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_1st_Torii_20050201.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Yasukuni_1st_Torii_20050201.jpg/195px-Yasukuni_1st_Torii_20050201.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Yasukuni_1st_Torii_20050201.jpg/293px-Yasukuni_1st_Torii_20050201.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Yasukuni_1st_Torii_20050201.jpg/390px-Yasukuni_1st_Torii_20050201.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Daiichi <a href="/wiki/Torii" title="Torii">Torii</a> (Great Gate)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_Shrine_2012_%E2%85%A1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Yasukuni_Shrine_2012_%E2%85%A1.JPG/195px-Yasukuni_Shrine_2012_%E2%85%A1.JPG" decoding="async" width="195" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Yasukuni_Shrine_2012_%E2%85%A1.JPG/293px-Yasukuni_Shrine_2012_%E2%85%A1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Yasukuni_Shrine_2012_%E2%85%A1.JPG/390px-Yasukuni_Shrine_2012_%E2%85%A1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2491" data-file-height="3050" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Daini Torii</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_Shrine_Sinmon_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Yasukuni_Shrine_Sinmon_2010.jpg/195px-Yasukuni_Shrine_Sinmon_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Yasukuni_Shrine_Sinmon_2010.jpg/293px-Yasukuni_Shrine_Sinmon_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Yasukuni_Shrine_Sinmon_2010.jpg/390px-Yasukuni_Shrine_Sinmon_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2652" data-file-height="1776" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Shinmon</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_Shrine_2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Yasukuni_Shrine_2012.JPG/195px-Yasukuni_Shrine_2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="195" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Yasukuni_Shrine_2012.JPG/293px-Yasukuni_Shrine_2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Yasukuni_Shrine_2012.JPG/390px-Yasukuni_Shrine_2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4206" data-file-height="2900" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Chumon <a href="/wiki/Torii" title="Torii">Torii</a></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memorials">Memorials</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Memorials">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Irei no Izumi (Soul-Comforting Spring): This modern looking monument is a spring dedicated to those who suffered from or died of thirst in battle.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a></li> <li>Statue of War Widow with Children: This statue honors the mothers who raised children in the absence of fathers lost at war. It was donated to the shrine in 1974 by these mothers' children.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a></li> <li>Statue of Kamikaze Pilot: A bronze statue representing a <a href="/wiki/Kamikaze" title="Kamikaze">kamikaze</a> pilot stands to the left of the Yūshūkan's entrance. A small plaque to the left of the statue was donated by the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Special_Attack_Units" title="Japanese Special Attack Units">Tokkōtai</a> Commemoration Peace Memorial Association in 2005. It lists the 5,843 men who died while executing suicide attacks against Allied naval vessels in World War II.</li> <li>Statue of <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cmura_Masujir%C5%8D" title="Ōmura Masujirō">Ōmura Masujirō</a>: Created by Okuma Ujihiro in 1893, this statue is Japan's first Western-style bronze statue. It honors Ōmura Masujirō, a man who is known as the "Father of the Modern Japanese Army."<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:398px;max-width:398px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader" style="text-align:Center"><a href="#Memorials">Memorial Statues</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Irei_no_Izumi_at_yasukuni_shrine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Irei_no_Izumi_at_yasukuni_shrine.jpg/195px-Irei_no_Izumi_at_yasukuni_shrine.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Irei_no_Izumi_at_yasukuni_shrine.jpg/293px-Irei_no_Izumi_at_yasukuni_shrine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Irei_no_Izumi_at_yasukuni_shrine.jpg/390px-Irei_no_Izumi_at_yasukuni_shrine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Irei no Izumi Sculpture</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni-jinja_100.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Yasukuni-jinja_100.jpg/195px-Yasukuni-jinja_100.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Yasukuni-jinja_100.jpg/293px-Yasukuni-jinja_100.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Yasukuni-jinja_100.jpg/390px-Yasukuni-jinja_100.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4288" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cmura_Masujir%C5%8D" title="Ōmura Masujirō">Ōmura Masujirō</a></div></div></div></div></div> <ul><li>Monument of <a href="/wiki/Radha_Binod_Pal" class="mw-redirect" title="Radha Binod Pal">Justice Radha Binod Pal</a>: This newer monument was erected at Yasukuni Shrine in 2005. It honours <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> <a href="/wiki/Bengalis" title="Bengalis">Bengali</a> judge <a href="/wiki/Radha_Binod_Pal" class="mw-redirect" title="Radha Binod Pal">Radha Binod Pal</a>, the lone justice on the <a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">International Military Tribunal for the Far East</a>'s trials of Japanese war crimes committed during World War II to find all the defendants not guilty.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> On April 29, 2005, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Prime_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Prime Minister">Indian Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a> told his <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Prime_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Prime Minister">counterpart</a> <a href="/wiki/Koizumi_Junichiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Koizumi Junichiro">Koizumi Junichiro</a> that "the dissenting judgement of Justice Radha Binod Pal is well known to the Japanese people and will always symbolise the affection and regard our people have for your country."<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a></li> <li>Statues honoring horses, carrier pigeons and dogs killed in war service: These three life-sized bronze statues were all donated at different times during the second half of the 20th century. The first of the three that was donated, the horse statue was placed at the Yasukuni Shrine in 1958 to honor the memory of the horses that were utilized by the Japanese military. Presented in 1982, the statue depicting a pigeon atop a globe honors the <a href="/wiki/Homing_pigeons" class="mw-redirect" title="Homing pigeons">homing pigeons</a> of the military. The last statue, donated in March 1992, depicts a <a href="/wiki/German_shepherd" class="mw-redirect" title="German shepherd">German shepherd</a> and commemorates the soldiers' canine comrades.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Opened, full bottles of water are often left at these statues.</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:199px;max-width:199px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader" style="text-align:Center"><a href="#Memorials">Memorial Statues</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_Bronze_Horse.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yasukuni_Bronze_Horse.JPG/195px-Yasukuni_Bronze_Horse.JPG" decoding="async" width="195" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yasukuni_Bronze_Horse.JPG/293px-Yasukuni_Bronze_Horse.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yasukuni_Bronze_Horse.JPG/390px-Yasukuni_Bronze_Horse.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Horse Commemoration Statue</div></div></div></div></div> <ul><li>Hitachimaru Junnan Kinenhi (常陸丸殉難記念碑) (Monument for the dead in <a href="/wiki/Hitachi_Maru_Incident" title="Hitachi Maru Incident">Hitachi Maru Incident</a>)</li> <li>Tanaka Shitai Chukonhi (田中支隊忠魂碑) (Monument of Tanaka squad)<a href="#cite_note-kondankai-94">[94]</a></li> <li>Shugo Kenpei no Hi (守護憲兵之碑) (Monument of <a href="/wiki/Kempeitai" title="Kempeitai">Kempeitai</a> (Military police corps))<a href="#cite_note-kondankai-94">[94]</a></li> <li>Gunjin Chokuyu no Hi (軍人勅諭の碑) (Monument of <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Rescript_to_Soldiers_and_Sailors" title="Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors">Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors</a>, which is a Shōchoku (imperial edict) and code of ethics that <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Meiji" title="Emperor Meiji">Emperor Meiji</a> issued to soldiers of the army and the navy on January 4, 1882)<a href="#cite_note-kondankai-94">[94]</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:199px;max-width:199px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader" style="text-align:Center"><a href="#Memorials">Memorial Statues</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_Hitachi-Maru_Memorial_Stele.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Yasukuni_Hitachi-Maru_Memorial_Stele.jpg/195px-Yasukuni_Hitachi-Maru_Memorial_Stele.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Yasukuni_Hitachi-Maru_Memorial_Stele.jpg/293px-Yasukuni_Hitachi-Maru_Memorial_Stele.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Yasukuni_Hitachi-Maru_Memorial_Stele.jpg/390px-Yasukuni_Hitachi-Maru_Memorial_Stele.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Hitachimaru Junnan Kinenhi</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_buildings_and_structures">Other buildings and structures</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Other buildings and structures">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:YasukuniJinsha-Entry01_1991.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/YasukuniJinsha-Entry01_1991.jpg/220px-YasukuniJinsha-Entry01_1991.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/YasukuniJinsha-Entry01_1991.jpg/330px-YasukuniJinsha-Entry01_1991.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/YasukuniJinsha-Entry01_1991.jpg/440px-YasukuniJinsha-Entry01_1991.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1025" data-file-height="1215" /></a><figcaption>Syagō Hyō</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_01.jpg/220px-Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_01.jpg/330px-Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_01.jpg/440px-Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Nōgakudo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_03.jpg/220px-Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_03.jpg/330px-Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_03.jpg/440px-Yasukuni_Shirine_Nogakudo_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>The nameboard of Nōgakudo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_Yushukan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Yasukuni_Yushukan.JPG/220px-Yasukuni_Yushukan.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Yasukuni_Yushukan.JPG/330px-Yasukuni_Yushukan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Yasukuni_Yushukan.JPG/440px-Yasukuni_Yushukan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>The entrance to the Yūshūkan</figcaption></figure> (from <a href="/wiki/Kudanshita_Station" title="Kudanshita Station">Kudanshita Station</a>) <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shokonsaitei.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Shokonsaitei.jpg/220px-Shokonsaitei.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Shokonsaitei.jpg/330px-Shokonsaitei.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Shokonsaitei.jpg/440px-Shokonsaitei.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Shōkonsaitei</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%A1%8C%E9%9B%B2%E4%BA%AD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/%E8%A1%8C%E9%9B%B2%E4%BA%AD.jpg/220px-%E8%A1%8C%E9%9B%B2%E4%BA%AD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/%E8%A1%8C%E9%9B%B2%E4%BA%AD.jpg/330px-%E8%A1%8C%E9%9B%B2%E4%BA%AD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/%E8%A1%8C%E9%9B%B2%E4%BA%AD.jpg/440px-%E8%A1%8C%E9%9B%B2%E4%BA%AD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Kōuntei</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Syagō Hyō (社号標) (Stone pillar on which the shrine name is engraved)</li> <li>Sazareishi (さざれ石) – near the Daiichi Torii</li> <li>Red stone – near the Daiichi Torii</li> <li>Senseki no ishi (戦跡の石) (The stone of battle site)</li> <li>Takatōrō (高燈籠) (Tall lantern) – the largest <a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dr%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Tōrō">tōrō</a> in Japan</li> <li>Ōtemizusha (大手水舎) – Ōtemizusha, which means large <a href="/wiki/Temizuya" class="mw-redirect" title="Temizuya">temizuya</a> (main purification font), was established in 1940.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a></li> <li>Dovecote (shirohato kyusha): Almost 300 white doves live and are bred in a special dovecote located on the grounds of Yasukuni Shrine.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a></li> <li>Kitamon (北門) (North gate)</li> <li>Nōgakudo (<a href="/wiki/Noh" title="Noh">Noh</a> Theater): Originally built in <a href="/wiki/Shiba_Park" title="Shiba Park">Shiba Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> in 1881, and moved to Yasukuni Shrine in 1903. Noh dramas and traditional Japanese dance are performed on its stage in honor of the resident divinities.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a></li> <li>Saikan (Purification Retreat) Shamusho (Shrine Office) (斎館社務所)<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a></li> <li>Yasukuni Kaikan formerly Kokuboukan (靖國会館, 旧「国防館」)<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a></li> <li>Yasukuni Kaikō Bunko (靖国偕行文庫) (Yasukuni Archives): Opened on October 7, 1999, archives more than 100,000 volumes including reference material that describes the circumstances under which the divinities enshrined in Yasukuni Shrine died, as well as source material for research on modern history.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABsh%C5%ABkan" title="Yūshūkan">Yūshūkan</a>: Originally built in 1882, this museum is located to the north of the main hall. Its name is taken from a saying – "a virtuous man always selects to associate with virtuous people."<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> The building was repaired and expanded in 2002. The museum is a facility to stores and exhibit relics,<a href="#cite_note-yushukan-102">[102]</a> and it also houses the weaponry of the Imperial Japanese Navy, notably including a <a href="/wiki/Zero_Fighter" class="mw-redirect" title="Zero Fighter">Zero Fighter</a> plane and <a href="/wiki/Kaiten" title="Kaiten">Kaiten</a> suicide torpedo. The museum has come into great controversy owing to its revisionist depiction of Japanese history, particularly of the militarist period from 1931 to 1945, in which it is perceived as denying <a href="/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes" title="Japanese war crimes">Japanese war crimes</a> and glorifying Japan's militarist past.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a></li> <li>Shinchi Teien (神池庭園): This Japanese style strolling garden was created in the early Meiji Era. Its centerpiece is a small waterfall located in a serene pond. It was refurbished in 1999.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a></li> <li>Sumo Ring (Sumōjō (相撲場)): In 1869, a sumo wrestling exhibition was held at Yasukuni Shrine in order to celebrate the shrine's establishment.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> Since then, exhibitions involving many professional sumo wrestlers, including several grand champions (<a href="/wiki/Yokozuna" class="mw-redirect" title="Yokozuna">yokozuna</a>) take place at the Spring Festival almost every year. The matches are free of charge.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a></li> <li>Shōkonsaitei (招魂斎庭)<a href="#cite_note-Shōkonsaitei-107">[107]</a></li> <li>Senshintei (洗心亭) (Teahouse)<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a></li> <li>Seisentei (靖泉亭) (Teahouse)<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a></li> <li>Kōuntei (行雲亭) (Teahouse):<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> The Kōuntei is used as a tea ceremony school room by the <a href="/wiki/Urasenke" title="Urasenke">Urasenke</a> from Monday to Saturday, and was used for manufacturing the Yasukuni (Kudan) sword before World War II.</li> <li>Yasukuni Tokeidai (靖国の時計台) (Yasukuni clock tower)<a href="#cite_note-kondankai-94">[94]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_priests">List of priests</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: List of priests">edit</a>]</div> <a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-hyakunenshi-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-nenpyo-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guji_(chief_priests):_term_of_office">Guji (chief priests): term of office</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Guji (chief priests): term of office">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Kiyoshi Aoyama (青山清): 16 July 1879 – 6 February 1891 (died in office)</li> <li>Mizuho Kamono (賀茂水穂): 17 February 1891 – 28 April 1909</li> <li>Momoki Kamo (賀茂百樹): 29 March 1909 – 21 April 1939</li> <li>Takao Suzuki (鈴木孝雄): 21 April 1938 – 17 January 1946</li> <li>Fujimaro Tsukuba (筑波藤麿): 25 January 1946 – 20 March 1978 (died in office)</li> <li>Nagayoshi Matsudaira (松平永芳): 1 July 1978 – 31 March 1992</li> <li>Toshiyasu Ono (大野俊康): 1 April 1992 – 20 May 1997</li> <li>Tadashi Yuzawa (湯澤貞): 21 May 1997 – 10 September 2004</li> <li>Toshiaki Nambu (南部利昭): 11 September 2004 – 7 January 2009 (died in office)<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takaharu_Ky%C5%8Dgoku" title="Takaharu Kyōgoku">Takaharu Kyōgoku</a> (京極高晴): 15 June 2009 – 19 January 2013<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a></li> <li>Yasuhisa Tokugawa (徳川康久): 19 January 2013 – 28 February 2018<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> (a great-grandson of <a href="/wiki/Yoshinobu_Tokugawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoshinobu Tokugawa">Yoshinobu Tokugawa</a>, the last <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_shogunate" title="Tokugawa shogunate">Tokugawa shogun</a>)<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a></li> <li>Kunio Kohori (小堀邦夫): 1 March – 31 October 2018<a href="#cite_note-:1-55">[55]</a></li> <li>Tatebumi Yamaguchi (山口建史): 1 November 2018 – 31 March 2024</li> <li>Umio Otsuka (大塚海夫): 1 April 2024 – present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gon-guji_(associate_chief_priests):_term_of_office">Gon-guji (associate chief priests): term of office</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Gon-guji (associate chief priests): term of office">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Shosaku Takahara (高原正作): 16 April 1938 – 3 October 1945</li> <li>Tokitsune Yokoi (横井時常): 16 November 1945 – 30 June 1948</li> <li>Shuutaro Takeuchi (竹内秀太郎): 26 April 1948 (interim)</li> <li>Yoshihachi Ikeda (池田良八): 31 August 1948 – 9 February 1979</li> <li>Katsushige Fujita (藤田勝重): 9 February 1979 – 16 July 1982</li> <li>Tadamasa Suzuki (鈴木忠正): 16 July 1981 – 1 November 1984</li> <li>Jushin Kannotou (神野藤重申): 1 November 1984 – 17 November 1989</li> <li>Terumichi Kiyama (木山照道): 1 August 1985 – 5 November 1990</li> <li>Tadashi Yuzawa (湯澤貞): 1 November 1990 – 20 May 1997</li> <li>Katsuo Mitsui (三井勝生): 21 May 1997 – 8 September 2009</li> <li>Tadamasa Hanada (花田忠正): 19 January 2000 – 31 October 2003</li> <li>Tatebumi Yamaguchi (山口建史): 1 June 2004 – 30 June 2015</li> <li>Ogata (小方孝次): 1 November 2009 – 23 June 2017</li> <li>Akio Saka (坂明夫): 21 September 2015 – 30 January 2020 (died in office)</li> <li>Nobumasa Murata (村田信昌): 1 November 2017 – present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Organization">edit</a>]</div> Yasukuni shrine is an individual religious corporation and does not belong to the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Shinto_Shrines" title="Association of Shinto Shrines">Association of Shinto Shrines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> Yasukuni shrine has departments listed below. The Gūji (宮司) controls the overall system, and the Gon-gūji (権宮司) assists the Gūji.<a href="#cite_note-hyakunenshi-10">[10]</a> <div style="float: left; vertical-align: top: white-space: nowrap; margin-right: 1em"> <ul><li>Saimu-bu (祭務部) <ul><li>Sōgi-ka (祭儀課)</li> <li>Chōsa-ka (調査課)</li></ul></li></ul> </div><div style="float: left; vertical-align: top: white-space: nowrap; margin-right: 1em"> <ul><li>Sōmu-bu (総務部) <ul><li>Sōmu-ka (総務課)</li> <li>Jinji-ka (人事課)</li> <li>Kanri-ka (管理課)</li> <li>Kōhō-ka (広報課)</li></ul></li></ul> </div><div style="float: left; vertical-align: top: white-space: nowrap; margin-right: 1em"> <ul><li>Sentoku-bu (宣徳部) <ul><li>Sūkeihōsan-ka (崇敬奉賛課)</li> <li>Sentoku-ka (宣徳課)</li></ul></li></ul> </div><div style="float: left; vertical-align: top: white-space: nowrap; margin-right: 1em"> <ul><li>Keiri-bu (経理部) <ul><li>Keiri-ka (経理課)</li> <li>Jigyō-ka (事業課)</li></ul></li></ul> </div><div style="float: left; vertical-align: top: white-space: nowrap; margin-right: 1em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABsh%C5%ABkan" title="Yūshūkan">Yūshūkan</a>-bu (遊就館部) <ul><li>Shiryō-ka (史料課)</li> <li>Tenji-ka (展示課)</li> <li>Bunko-shitu (文庫室)</li></ul></li></ul> </div><div style="float: left; vertical-align: top: white-space: nowrap; margin-right: 1em"> <ul><li>Shamu Jisshusei (社務実習生)</li></ul> </div><div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_references">Cultural references</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Cultural references">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bank_notes">Bank notes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Bank notes">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1942–1948: Empire of Japan 50 sen banknote</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni_75Th.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Japanese 7 sen stamp depicting Yasukuni Shrine's honden"><img alt="Japanese 7 sen stamp depicting Yasukuni Shrine's honden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Yasukuni_75Th.JPG/105px-Yasukuni_75Th.JPG" decoding="async" width="105" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Yasukuni_75Th.JPG/157px-Yasukuni_75Th.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Yasukuni_75Th.JPG/210px-Yasukuni_75Th.JPG 2x" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="341" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Japanese 7 sen stamp depicting Yasukuni Shrine's honden</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Japanese_government_small-face-value_paper_money_50_Sen_(Yasukuni_Shrine)_-_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Empire of Japan 50 sen banknote with Yasukuni Shrine"><img alt="Empire of Japan 50 sen banknote with Yasukuni Shrine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Japanese_government_small-face-value_paper_money_50_Sen_%28Yasukuni_Shrine%29_-_front.jpg/120px-Japanese_government_small-face-value_paper_money_50_Sen_%28Yasukuni_Shrine%29_-_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Japanese_government_small-face-value_paper_money_50_Sen_%28Yasukuni_Shrine%29_-_front.jpg/180px-Japanese_government_small-face-value_paper_money_50_Sen_%28Yasukuni_Shrine%29_-_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Japanese_government_small-face-value_paper_money_50_Sen_%28Yasukuni_Shrine%29_-_front.jpg/240px-Japanese_government_small-face-value_paper_money_50_Sen_%28Yasukuni_Shrine%29_-_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2512" data-file-height="1552" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Empire of Japan 50 sen banknote with Yasukuni Shrine</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postage_stamps">Postage stamps</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Postage stamps">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasukuni.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Japanese 17 sen (1943), 27 sen (1945) and 1 yen (1946) stamps which depict the Yasukuni Shrine's Torii and honden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Yasukuni.JPG/220px-Yasukuni.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Yasukuni.JPG/330px-Yasukuni.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Yasukuni.JPG/440px-Yasukuni.JPG 2x" data-file-width="842" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption>Japanese 17 sen (1943), 27 sen (1945) and 1 yen (1946) stamps which depict the Yasukuni Shrine's Torii and honden</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Japanese 17 sen stamp (1943)</li> <li>Japanese 27 sen stamp (1945)</li> <li>Japanese 1 yen stamp (1946)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scenic_postmarks">Scenic postmarks</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Scenic postmarks">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Kudan Post Office (九段郵便局)</li> <li>Kōjimachi Post Office (麹町郵便局)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Popular_music">Popular music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Popular music">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Kudan no haha (九段の母, Mother at Kudan) (Singers: Masaru Shio, Yuriko Futaba etc.)</li> <li>Tokyō dayo Okkasan (東京だョおっ母さん, We're in Tokyo, Ma) (Singer: <a href="/wiki/Chiyoko_Shimakura" title="Chiyoko Shimakura">Chiyoko Shimakura</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plays">Plays</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Plays">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Dōki no sakura (同期の桜) (My Classmates the Cherry Blossoms )</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Books">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1881: Buko Nenpyo zokuhen (武江年表続編) (The chronology of Bukō (Edo, Musashi Province), 2nd volume) (Author:Gesshin Saitō (Yukinari Saitō) (斎藤月岑 (斎藤幸成)))</li> <li>1863–1872: Hirosawa Saneomi Nikki (廣澤真臣日記) (The diary of Masaomi Hirosawa) (Author: Masaomi Hirosawa (広沢真臣))</li> <li>1868–1877: Kido Takayoshi Nikki (木戸孝允日記) (The diary of Kido Takayoshi) (Author: <a href="/wiki/Kido_Takayoshi" title="Kido Takayoshi">Kido Takayoshi</a>)</li> <li>1905: Yasukuni Jinjashi (靖国神社誌) (History of Yasukuni Shrine) (Author: Iwao Yamauchi (山内岩雄))</li> <li>1905–1907: Wagahai wa Neko de Aru (吾輩は猫である) (<a href="/wiki/I_Am_a_Cat" title="I Am a Cat">I Am a Cat</a>) (Author: <a href="/wiki/Natsume_S%C5%8Dseki" title="Natsume Sōseki">Natsume Sōseki</a>)</li> <li>1911: Yasukuni Jinjashi (靖国神社誌) (History of Yasukuni Shrine) (Authors: <a href="/wiki/Terauchi_Masatake" title="Terauchi Masatake">Terauchi Masatake</a>, 斎藤実賀, Momoki Kamo (加茂百樹))</li> <li>1917: Tokyo no sanjunen (東京の三十年) (My thirty years in Tokyo) (Author:<a href="/wiki/Katai_Tayama" title="Katai Tayama">Katai Tayama</a>)</li></ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hiroshige_III,_Big_French_circus_on_the_grounds_of_Shokonsha_shrine,_1871.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="French circus on the grounds of Shokonsha shrine, 1871" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Hiroshige_III%2C_Big_French_circus_on_the_grounds_of_Shokonsha_shrine%2C_1871.jpg/142px-Hiroshige_III%2C_Big_French_circus_on_the_grounds_of_Shokonsha_shrine%2C_1871.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Hiroshige_III%2C_Big_French_circus_on_the_grounds_of_Shokonsha_shrine%2C_1871.jpg/213px-Hiroshige_III%2C_Big_French_circus_on_the_grounds_of_Shokonsha_shrine%2C_1871.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Hiroshige_III%2C_Big_French_circus_on_the_grounds_of_Shokonsha_shrine%2C_1871.jpg/285px-Hiroshige_III%2C_Big_French_circus_on_the_grounds_of_Shokonsha_shrine%2C_1871.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2274" data-file-height="3323" /></a><figcaption>French circus on the grounds of Shokonsha shrine, 1871</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Posters">Posters</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Posters">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1871: Shōkonsha keidai Furansu ōkyokuba no zu (招魂社境内フランス大曲馬図) (Big French circus on the grounds of Shokonsha (Yasukuni) shrine)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Swords">Swords</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Swords">edit</a>]</div> In 1933, <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_War_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of War of Japan">Minister of War</a> <a href="/wiki/Sadao_Araki" title="Sadao Araki">Sadao Araki</a> founded the Nihon-tō Tanrenkai (日本刀鍛錬会, Japanese Sword Forging Association) in the grounds of the shrine to preserve old forging methods and promote Japan's samurai traditions, as well as to meet the huge demand for <a href="/wiki/Gunt%C5%8D" title="Guntō">guntō</a> (military swords) for officers.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] About 8,100 "Yasukuni swords" were manufactured in the grounds of the Yasukuni Shrine between 1933 and 1945.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%80%EF%BC%88%E4%B9%9D%E6%AE%B5%E5%88%80%EF%BC%89%E5%88%80%E8%BA%AB%E3%81%A8%E6%8B%B5%E3%81%88%EF%BC%88%E5%A4%96%E8%A3%85%EF%BC%89.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yasukuni (Kudan) sword (inscription: Yasuhiro)"><img alt="Yasukuni (Kudan) sword (inscription: Yasuhiro)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%80%EF%BC%88%E4%B9%9D%E6%AE%B5%E5%88%80%EF%BC%89%E5%88%80%E8%BA%AB%E3%81%A8%E6%8B%B5%E3%81%88%EF%BC%88%E5%A4%96%E8%A3%85%EF%BC%89.jpg/120px-%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%80%EF%BC%88%E4%B9%9D%E6%AE%B5%E5%88%80%EF%BC%89%E5%88%80%E8%BA%AB%E3%81%A8%E6%8B%B5%E3%81%88%EF%BC%88%E5%A4%96%E8%A3%85%EF%BC%89.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%80%EF%BC%88%E4%B9%9D%E6%AE%B5%E5%88%80%EF%BC%89%E5%88%80%E8%BA%AB%E3%81%A8%E6%8B%B5%E3%81%88%EF%BC%88%E5%A4%96%E8%A3%85%EF%BC%89.jpg/180px-%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%80%EF%BC%88%E4%B9%9D%E6%AE%B5%E5%88%80%EF%BC%89%E5%88%80%E8%BA%AB%E3%81%A8%E6%8B%B5%E3%81%88%EF%BC%88%E5%A4%96%E8%A3%85%EF%BC%89.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%80%EF%BC%88%E4%B9%9D%E6%AE%B5%E5%88%80%EF%BC%89%E5%88%80%E8%BA%AB%E3%81%A8%E6%8B%B5%E3%81%88%EF%BC%88%E5%A4%96%E8%A3%85%EF%BC%89.jpg/240px-%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%80%EF%BC%88%E4%B9%9D%E6%AE%B5%E5%88%80%EF%BC%89%E5%88%80%E8%BA%AB%E3%81%A8%E6%8B%B5%E3%81%88%EF%BC%88%E5%A4%96%E8%A3%85%EF%BC%89.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2740" data-file-height="1808" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Yasukuni (Kudan) sword (inscription: Yasuhiro)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasuhiro.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The center of Yasukuni (Kudan) sword (inscription: Yasuhiro)"><img alt="The center of Yasukuni (Kudan) sword (inscription: Yasuhiro)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Yasuhiro.jpg/39px-Yasuhiro.jpg" decoding="async" width="39" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Yasuhiro.jpg/59px-Yasuhiro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Yasuhiro.jpg/79px-Yasuhiro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="764" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The center of Yasukuni (Kudan) sword (inscription: Yasuhiro)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Symbol_of_Tokyo_Metropolis.svg/28px-Symbol_of_Tokyo_Metropolis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Symbol_of_Tokyo_Metropolis.svg/42px-Symbol_of_Tokyo_Metropolis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Symbol_of_Tokyo_Metropolis.svg/56px-Symbol_of_Tokyo_Metropolis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Tokyo" title="Portal:Tokyo">Tokyo portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shinto_shrines" title="List of Shinto shrines">List of Shinto shrines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs%27_shrines_(China)" title="Martyrs' shrines (China)">Martyrs' shrines (China)</a>, the Chinese equivalent</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawau_Japanese_War_Memorial" title="Tawau Japanese War Memorial">Tawau Japanese War Memorial</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/about/index.html">"History"</a>. Yasukuni.or.jp. Retrieved 2016-03-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=Yasukuni.or.jp&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fabout%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-deities-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-deities_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-deities_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-deities_2-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160624201439/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/about/deities.html">"Deities"</a>. Yasukuni.or.jp. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/about/deities.html">the original</a> on 2016-06-24. Retrieved 2008-04-13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Deities&rft.pub=Yasukuni.or.jp&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fabout%2Fdeities.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/why-yasukuni-shrine-is-controversial-symbol-japans-war-legacy-2021-08-13/">"Explainer: Why Yasukuni shrine is a controversial symbol of Japan's war legacy"</a>. Reuters. 14 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Explainer%3A+Why+Yasukuni+shrine+is+a+controversial+symbol+of+Japan%27s+war+legacy&rft.date=2021-08-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fasia-pacific%2Fwhy-yasukuni-shrine-is-controversial-symbol-japans-war-legacy-2021-08-13%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/26/world/asia/26iht-japan.1.5447598.html">"Hirohito quit Yasukuni Shrine visits over concerns about war criminals"</a>. The New York Times. 26 April 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hirohito+quit+Yasukuni+Shrine+visits+over+concerns+about+war+criminals&rft.date=2007-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F04%2F26%2Fworld%2Fasia%2F26iht-japan.1.5447598.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/why-yasukuni-shrine-is-controversial-symbol-japans-war-legacy-2021-08-13/">"Explainer: Why Yasukuni shrine is a controversial symbol of Japan's war legacy"</a>. Reuters. 14 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Explainer%3A+Why+Yasukuni+shrine+is+a+controversial+symbol+of+Japan%27s+war+legacy&rft.date=2021-08-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fasia-pacific%2Fwhy-yasukuni-shrine-is-controversial-symbol-japans-war-legacy-2021-08-13%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1963). The Vicissitudes of Shinto, pp. 118–134. </li> <li id="cite_note-nippon0821a-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nippon0821a_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nippon0821a_7-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nippon0821a_7-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nippon0821a_7-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHiyama2013" class="citation web cs1">Hiyama, Yukio (21 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nippon.com/en/in-depth/a02402/">"How Japan Honors Its War Dead: The Coexistence of Complementary Systems"</a>. Nippon.com. Retrieved 26 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Japan+Honors+Its+War+Dead%3A+The+Coexistence+of+Complementary+Systems&rft.pub=Nippon.com&rft.date=2013-08-21&rft.aulast=Hiyama&rft.aufirst=Yukio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nippon.com%2Fen%2Fin-depth%2Fa02402%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20060831144856/http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/feature/fe6700/fe_ya_05060901.htm"><bdi lang="ja">基礎からわかる靖国神社問題】Ｑ戦前、戦後どんな役割？</bdi></a> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Yomiuri_Shimbun" title="Yomiuri Shimbun">Yomiuri Shimbun</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/feature/fe6700/fe_ya_05060901.htm">the original</a> on 2006-08-31. Retrieved 2007-01-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%82%8F%E3%81%8B%E3%82%8B%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C%E3%80%91%EF%BC%B1+%E6%88%A6%E5%89%8D%E3%80%81%E6%88%A6%E5%BE%8C+%E3%81%A9%E3%82%93%E3%81%AA%E5%BD%B9%E5%89%B2%EF%BC%9F&rft.pub=Yomiuri+Shimbun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yomiuri.co.jp%2Ffeature%2Ffe6700%2Ffe_ya_05060901.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google.com-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_9-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF靖国神社_(Tokyo1912" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script">靖国神社 (Tokyo, Japan) (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z_Y0AQAAMAAJ"><bdi lang="ja">Momoki Kamo (1912) 靖国神社誌</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Momoki+Kamo+%281912%29+%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E8%AA%8C&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE+%28Tokyo&rft.aufirst=Japan%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ_Y0AQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hyakunenshi-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hyakunenshi_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hyakunenshi_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hyakunenshi_10-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hyakunenshi_10-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=91tckgAACAAJ">Yasukuni jinja hyakunenshi <bdi lang="ja">Yasukuni Jinja hen (1983–87) 靖国神社百年史全4卷、資料篇・事歴年表</bdi></a>. 1983.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yasukuni+jinja+hyakunenshi+Yasukuni+Jinja+hen+%281983%E2%80%9387%29+%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E7%99%BE%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B2+%E5%85%A84%E5%8D%B7%E3%80%81%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E7%AF%87%E3%83%BB%E4%BA%8B%E6%AD%B4%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8&rft.date=1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D91tckgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nenpyo-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nenpyo_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nenpyo_11-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nenpyo_11-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webcatplus.nii.ac.jp/webcatplus/details/book/1345700.html">Webcat Plus <bdi lang="ja">靖国神社略年表</bdi></a> (in Japanese). 1973.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Webcat+Plus+%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E7%95%A5%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8&rft.date=1973&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwebcatplus.nii.ac.jp%2Fwebcatplus%2Fdetails%2Fbook%2F1345700.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-A._Hamish_Ion-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-A._Hamish_Ion_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-A._Hamish_Ion_12-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA._Hamish_Ion1999" class="citation book cs1">A. Hamish Ion (February 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040819043343/http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?ItemID=5937">The Cross in the Dark Valley The Canadian Protestant Missionary Movement in the Japanese Empire, 1931–1945</a>. Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88920-294-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88920-294-8"><bdi>978-0-88920-294-8</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?ItemID=5937">the original</a> on 2004-08-19. Retrieved 2014-01-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cross+in+the+Dark+Valley+The+Canadian+Protestant+Missionary+Movement+in+the+Japanese+Empire%2C+1931%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=Wilfrid+Laurier+Univ.+Press&rft.date=1999-02&rft.isbn=978-0-88920-294-8&rft.au=A.+Hamish+Ion&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zmag.org%2Fcontent%2Fshowarticle.cfm%3FItemID%3D5937&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pluries-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pluries_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pluries_13-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pluries_13-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pluries_13-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://orbis.info/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/1936_Pluries_Instanterque_web.pdf">"PDF, ACTES DE S.S.PIE XI, texte latin et traduction francaise, TOME XIV (Annee 1936), Instruction Pluries Instanterque, MAISON DE LA BONNE PRESSE, Paris. (Latin-French)"</a> (PDF).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PDF%2C+ACTES+DE+S.S.PIE+XI%2C+texte+latin+et+traduction+francaise%2C+TOME+XIV+%28Annee+1936%29%2C+Instruction+Pluries+Instanterque%2C+MAISON+DE+LA+BONNE+PRESSE%2C+Paris.+%28Latin-French%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Forbis.info%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2012%2F08%2F1936_Pluries_Instanterque_web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Breen-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_14-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_14-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_14-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_14-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_14-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_14-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_14-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_14-8">i</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japanfocus.org/-John-Breen/3312">"John Breen Archives" <bdi lang="ja">John Breen, "Popes, Bishops and War Criminals: reflections on Catholics and Yasukuni in post-war Japan 法皇、司教、戦犯−−戦後日本のカトリックと靖国"</bdi></a>. japanfocus.org (in English and Japanese). 5 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=japanfocus.org&rft.atitle=John+Breen+Archives+John+Breen%2C+%22Popes%2C+Bishops+and+War+Criminals%3A+reflections+on+Catholics+and+Yasukuni+in+post-war+Japan+%E6%B3%95%E7%9A%87%E3%80%81%E5%8F%B8%E6%95%99%E3%80%81%E6%88%A6%E7%8A%AF%E2%88%92%E2%88%92%E6%88%A6%E5%BE%8C%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%AE%E3%82%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%81%A8%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%22&rft.date=2020-06-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japanfocus.org%2F-John-Breen%2F3312&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTakahashi2007" class="citation web cs1">Takahashi, Tetsuya (6 April 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japanfocus.org/-Takahashi-Tetsuya/2401#sthash.ZJKgf8qw.dpuf">"Yasukuni Shrine at the Heart of Japan's National Debate: History, Memory, Denial"</a>. The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus. Retrieved 27 December 2013. <q>During Japan's colonial period the emperor was the sovereign and religious power and commanded its armies. The populations of Japan and its colonies were all regarded as his servants, with a moral duty "to dedicate themselves to the emperor and the state in times of national crisis, with no regard for their own lives." Soldiers who died during these wars, which were considered holy, were an example to the nation and it was the responsibility of the Yasukuni shrine to raise military morale and foster the spiritual mobilisation of the nation for war.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yasukuni+Shrine+at+the+Heart+of+Japan%27s+National+Debate%3A+History%2C+Memory%2C+Denial&rft.pub=The+Asia-Pacific+Journal%3A+Japan+Focus&rft.date=2007-04-06&rft.aulast=Takahashi&rft.aufirst=Tetsuya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japanfocus.org%2F-Takahashi-Tetsuya%2F2401%23sthash.ZJKgf8qw.dpuf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nippon1125-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nippon1125_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nippon1125_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nippon1125_16-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nippon1125_16-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nippon1125_16-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nippon1125_16-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nippon1125_16-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nippon1125_16-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHigurashi2013" class="citation web cs1">Higurashi, Yoshinobu (25 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nippon.com/en/in-depth/a02404/">"Yasukuni and the Entombment of War Criminals"</a>. Nippon.com. Retrieved 26 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yasukuni+and+the+Entombment+of+War+Criminals&rft.pub=Nippon.com&rft.date=2013-11-25&rft.aulast=Higurashi&rft.aufirst=Yoshinobu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nippon.com%2Fen%2Fin-depth%2Fa02404%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeong2013" class="citation news cs1">Jeong, Nam-ku (7 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_international/602520.html">"Why do Japanese politicians continue to visit the Yasukuni Shrine?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hankyoreh" title="The Hankyoreh">The Hankyoreh</a>. Retrieved 27 December 2013. <q>The Japanese soldiers who fought in World War II willingly went to their death shouting "Long live the Emperor!" and they reminded each other that they would meet again at Yasukuni after they died. Hanging here and there from the cherry trees in the garden in front of Yushukan are wooden placards bearing the names of Japanese military units.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hankyoreh&rft.atitle=Why+do+Japanese+politicians+continue+to+visit+the+Yasukuni+Shrine%3F&rft.date=2013-09-07&rft.aulast=Jeong&rft.aufirst=Nam-ku&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hani.co.kr%2Farti%2Fenglish_edition%2Fe_international%2F602520.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/DOC_0000709802.pdf">"Japan's "Secret" Weapon: Suicide"</a> (PDF). www.cia.gov. Retrieved February 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cia.gov&rft.atitle=Japan%27s+%22Secret%22+Weapon%3A+Suicide&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Freadingroom%2Fdocs%2FDOC_0000709802.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-JapanFocus-19"><a href="#cite_ref-JapanFocus_19-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTetsuya,_Takahashi" class="citation web cs1">Tetsuya, Takahashi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080404011318/http://www.japanfocus.org/products/details/2401">"Yasukuni Shrine at the Heart of Japan's National Debate"</a>. Japan Focus. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japanfocus.org/products/details/2401">the original</a> on 2008-04-04. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Japan+Focus&rft.atitle=Yasukuni+Shrine+at+the+Heart+of+Japan%27s+National+Debate&rft.au=Tetsuya%2C+Takahashi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japanfocus.org%2Fproducts%2Fdetails%2F2401&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOkuyama,_Michiaki2009" class="citation web cs1">Okuyama, Michiaki (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031608/http://www.politicsandreligionjournal.com/images/pdf_files/srpski/godina3_broj2/Analiza%201.pdf">"THE YASUKUNI SHRINE PROBLEM IN THE EAST ASIAN CONTEXT: RELIGION AND POLITICS IN MODERN JAPAN: Foundation"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politicsandreligionjournal.com/images/pdf_files/srpski/godina3_broj2/Analiza%201.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 January 2014. <q>As part of the reforms initiated by GHQ, in February 1946 some 86,000 of the total of approximately 106,000 Shinto Shrines were merged into Jinja Honcho (the Association of Shinto Shrines) to form a private religious corporation. ... Yasukuni Shrine, however, chose to become an individual religious corporation keeping itself apart from the Association of Shinto Shrines, on the ground that its function under the imperial regime had been completely different from other Shinto shrines. ... In November 1946, GHQ decided to allow that the precinct of national property where religious facilities were located to be transferred to each facility as a private organization, but this decision did not apply to Yasukuni Shrine and other militaristic shrines. It was only after the peace treaty was effectuated in 1952 that the status of Yasukuni Shrine as a private religious corporation was finally established.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=THE+YASUKUNI+SHRINE+PROBLEM+IN+THE+EAST+ASIAN+CONTEXT%3A+RELIGION+AND+POLITICS+IN+MODERN+JAPAN%3A+Foundation&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Okuyama%2C+Michiaki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politicsandreligionjournal.com%2Fimages%2Fpdf_files%2Fsrpski%2Fgodina3_broj2%2FAnaliza%25201.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Deities_at_Yasukuni_Shrine-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Deities_at_Yasukuni_Shrine_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Deities_at_Yasukuni_Shrine_21-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/opinon/2013/08/162_136773.html">"Deities at Yasukuni Shrine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Times" title="The Korea Times">The Korea Times</a>. 2013-06-02. Retrieved 2013-01-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Deities+at+Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.pub=The+Korea+Times&rft.date=2013-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreatimes.co.kr%2Fwww%2Fnews%2Fopinon%2F2013%2F08%2F162_136773.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-asahi0121-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-asahi0121_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-asahi0121_22-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSato2012" class="citation news cs1">Sato, Jun (21 January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131227101711/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201201210013">"Documents show state led move to enshrine war criminals at Yasukuni"</a>. Asahi Shimbun. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201201210013">the original</a> on 27 December 2013. 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Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. 26 December 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statement+by+Prime+Minister+Abe&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+of+Japan&rft.date=2013-12-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.go.jp%2Fa_o%2Frp%2Fpage24e_000021.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140106081023/http://sankei.jp.msn.com/politics/news/140106/plc14010612040012-n1.htm"><bdi lang="ja">中韓米の靖国参拝批判、6割が「納得できない」内閣支持率50%台に回復</bdi></a> [60% [of respondents] "cannot agree" with the criticism of Yasukuni Shrine visits by China, South Korea, and the U.S.; Cabinet approval rating recovers to the 50% range]. Sankei Shimbun. 6 January 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sankei.jp.msn.com/politics/news/140106/plc14010612040012-n1.htm">the original</a> on 6 January 2014. Retrieved 6 January 2014. <bdi lang="ja">安倍首相が昨年12月26日、靖国神社に参拝したことについて「評価する」とした回答は38・1%、「評価しない」は53・0%だった。評価するとした人の74・0%が「戦争の犠牲者に哀悼の意を示した」ことを理由に挙げた。評価しない人の理由は「外交的配慮に欠ける」が61・9%に達した。ただ、首相の靖国神社参拝を中国や韓国が非難していることに対しては「納得できない」が67・7%を占め、「納得できる」（23・3%）を大きく上回った。米政府が「失望した」とする声明を出したことにも約6割が「納得できない」と回答した。</bdi> [Regarding Prime Minister Abe's visit to Yasukuni Shrine on December 26th last year, 38.1% of respondents answered that they "approve" of the visit, while 53.0% answered that they "do not approve." Among those who approved, 74.0% cited the reason as "expressing condolences to the victims of war." The main reason given by those who did not approve was "lack of diplomatic consideration," which reached 61.9%. However, when it came to the condemnation of the Prime Minister's visit to Yasukuni Shrine by China and South Korea, 67.7% answered that they "cannot agree" and significantly outnumbered those who "can agree" (23.3%). 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Retrieved 2008-04-13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Japan+Focus&rft.atitle=Yasukuni+Shrine%3A+Ritual+and+Memory&rft.date=2005-06-03&rft.au=Breen%2C+John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjapanfocus.org%2Fproducts%2Fdetails%2F2060&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-igawa-74">^ <a href="#cite_ref-igawa_74-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-igawa_74-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIgawa,_Sei2005" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Igawa, Sei (2005-10-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nippon.zaidan.info/seikabutsu/2005/01036/pdf/0001.pdf">"Japan-Vietnam relations, were based on the performance of Japanese volunteers in Vietnam Independence War"</a> (PDF). Tokyo Foundation (in Japanese). Retrieved 2009-09-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tokyo+Foundation&rft.atitle=Japan-Vietnam+relations%2C+were+based+on+the+performance+of+Japanese+volunteers+in+Vietnam+Independence+War&rft.date=2005-10-10&rft.au=Igawa%2C+Sei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnippon.zaidan.info%2Fseikabutsu%2F2005%2F01036%2Fpdf%2F0001.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081211063857/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/haiden.html">"Haiden (Main Hall)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/haiden.html">the original</a> on 2008-12-11. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Haiden+%28Main+Hall%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fhaiden.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111123030/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/honden.html">"Honden (Main Shrine)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/honden.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Honden+%28Main+Shrine%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fhonden.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111095556/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/sanshuden.html">"Sanshuden (Assembly Hall)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/sanshuden.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Sanshuden+%28Assembly+Hall%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fsanshuden.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/touchakuden.html">"Tochakuden (Reception Hall)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Tochakuden+%28Reception+Hall%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Ftouchakuden.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111074636/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/reijubo.html">"Reijibo Hoanden (Repository for the Symbolic Registers of Divinities)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/reijubo.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Reijibo+Hoanden+%28Repository+for+the+Symbolic+Registers+of+Divinities%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Freijubo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111102356/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/motomiya.html">"Motomiya(Original Shrine)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/motomiya.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Motomiya%28Original+Shrine%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fmotomiya.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080408032555/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/chinreisha.html">"Chinreisha (Spirit-Pacifying Shrine)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/chinreisha.html">the original</a> on 2008-04-08. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Chinreisha+%28Spirit-Pacifying+Shrine%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fchinreisha.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pf130-82">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pf130_82-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pf130_82-1">b</a> Ponsonby-Fane, p. 130. </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111074703/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/torii1.html">"Daiichi Torii (First Shrine Gate or Great Gate)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/torii1.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Daiichi+Torii+%28First+Shrine+Gate+or+Great+Gate%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Ftorii1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111030412/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/torii2.html">"Daini Torii (Second Shrine Gate)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/torii2.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Daini+Torii+%28Second+Shrine+Gate%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Ftorii2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111104712/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/shinmon.html">"Shinmon (Main Gate)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/shinmon.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Shinmon+%28Main+Gate%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fshinmon.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111102224/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/torii3.html">"Chumon Torii (Third Shrine Gate)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/torii3.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Chumon+Torii+%28Third+Shrine+Gate%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Ftorii3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111165227/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/ishitorii.html">"Ishi Torii (Stone Shrine Gate)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/ishitorii.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Ishi+Torii+%28Stone+Shrine+Gate%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fishitorii.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111165227/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/ishitorii.html">"Day 7 – Independent Activities"</a>. Japan Fulbright Memorial Fund. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/ishitorii.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Japan+Fulbright+Memorial+Fund&rft.atitle=Day+7+%E2%80%93+Independent+Activities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fishitorii.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111074018/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/statue1.html">"Statue of War Widow with Children"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/statue1.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2013-01-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Statue+of+War+Widow+with+Children&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fstatue1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111105953/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/statue3.html">"Statue of Omura Masujiro"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/statue3.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Statue+of+Omura+Masujiro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fstatue3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111104610/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/monument.html">"Monument of Dr. Pal"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/monument.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Monument+of+Dr.+Pal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fmonument.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051212010734/http://pmindia.nic.in/speech/content.asp?id=114">"Dr. Manmohan Singh's banquet speech in honour of Japanese Prime Minister"</a>. Indian Prime Minister's Office. April 29, 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pmindia.nic.in/speech/content.asp?id=114#">the original</a> on December 12, 2005. Retrieved 2009-09-21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indian+Prime+Minister%27s+Office&rft.atitle=Dr.+Manmohan+Singh%27s+banquet+speech+in+honour+of+Japanese+Prime+Minister&rft.date=2005-04-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpmindia.nic.in%2Fspeech%2Fcontent.asp%3Fid%3D114%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111072033/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/statue2.html">"Statues honoring horses, carrier pigeons and dogs killed in war service"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/statue2.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Statues+honoring+horses%2C+carrier+pigeons+and+dogs+killed+in+war+service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fstatue2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kondankai-94">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kondankai_94-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kondankai_94-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kondankai_94-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kondankai_94-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/tuitou/dai2/siryo1_1.html"><bdi lang="ja">追悼・平和祈念のための記念碑等施設の在り方を考える懇談会（第２回）議事（資料１－１、靖国神社について）</bdi></a>. a round-table conference by Chief Cabinet Secretary. Retrieved 2014-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=a+round-table+conference+by+Chief+Cabinet+Secretary&rft.atitle=%E8%BF%BD%E6%82%BC%E3%83%BB%E5%B9%B3%E5%92%8C%E7%A5%88%E5%BF%B5%E3%81%AE%E3%81%9F%E3%82%81%E3%81%AE%E8%A8%98%E5%BF%B5%E7%A2%91%E7%AD%89%E6%96%BD%E8%A8%AD%E3%81%AE+%E5%9C%A8%E3%82%8A%E6%96%B9%E3%82%92%E8%80%83%E3%81%88%E3%82%8B%E6%87%87%E8%AB%87%E4%BC%9A+%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%EF%BC%92%E5%9B%9E%EF%BC%89%E8%AD%B0%E4%BA%8B+%EF%BC%88%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%EF%BC%91%EF%BC%8D%EF%BC%91%E3%80%81%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6%EF%BC%89&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kantei.go.jp%2Fjp%2Fsingi%2Ftuitou%2Fdai2%2Fsiryo1_1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/ohtemizuya.html">"Otemizusha (Main Purification Front)"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Retrieved 2009-10-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Otemizusha+%28Main+Purification+Front%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fohtemizuya.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111060617/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/dovecote.html">"Dove cote"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/dovecote.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Dove+cote&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fdovecote.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111102550/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/nohstage.html">"Nōgakudo"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/nohstage.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2014-01-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=N%C5%8Dgakudo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fnohstage.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/shamusho.html">"Shamusho"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Retrieved 2014-01-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Shamusho&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fshamusho.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/kaikan.html">"Yasukuni Kaikan"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Retrieved 2014-01-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Yasukuni+Kaikan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fkaikan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111164427/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/archives.html">"Yasukuni Kaikō Bunko"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/archives.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2014-01-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Yasukuni+Kaik%C5%8D+Bunko&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Farchives.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> Ponsonby-Fane, pp. 131–132. </li> <li id="cite_note-yushukan-102"><a href="#cite_ref-yushukan_102-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111165314/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/yushukan.html">"Shinchi Teien"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/yushukan.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2014-01-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Shinchi+Teien&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fyushukan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoshida2007" class="citation journal cs1">Yoshida, Takashi (2 December 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japanfocus.org/-takashi-yoshida/2594">"Revising the Past, Complicating the Future: The Yushukan War Museum in Modern Japanese History"</a>. The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus. Retrieved 26 December 2013. <q>The newly renovated Yushukan that opened in 2002 has two major goals: the first is to honor the war dead who sacrificed themselves for the state, and the second is to communicate an allegedly "true" history to counter the fact that Japanese education in the postwar era emphasized Japan's wartime wrongdoings. The museum articulates the position that the "Greater East Asian War" contributed to liberating Asia and that the war was not an act of imperialist aggression.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Asia-Pacific+Journal%3A+Japan+Focus&rft.atitle=Revising+the+Past%2C+Complicating+the+Future%3A+The+Yushukan+War+Museum+in+Modern+Japanese+History&rft.date=2007-12-02&rft.aulast=Yoshida&rft.aufirst=Takashi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japanfocus.org%2F-takashi-yoshida%2F2594&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111103724/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/shinike.html">"Shinchi Teien"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/shinike.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Shinchi+Teien&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fshinike.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> Ponsonby-Fane, p. 129. </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111113711/http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/sumoarena.html">"Sumo Ring"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/sumoarena.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-11. Retrieved 2008-03-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Sumo+Ring&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fsumoarena.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shōkonsaitei-107"><a href="#cite_ref-Shōkonsaitei_107-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/shokon.html">"Shōkonsaitei"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Retrieved 2014-01-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Sh%C5%8Dkonsaitei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fshokon.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/seishintei.html">"Seisentei"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Retrieved 2014-01-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Seisentei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fseishintei.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/seisentei.html">"Seisentei"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Retrieved 2014-01-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=Seisentei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fseisentei.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/precinct/kountei.html">"Kōuntei"</a>. Yasukuni Shrine. Retrieved 2014-01-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.atitle=K%C5%8Duntei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yasukuni.or.jp%2Fenglish%2Fprecinct%2Fkountei.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theaustralian.com.au/archive/news/yasukuni-shrines-top-priest-dies/story-e6frg6t6-1111118513680">"Yasukuni shrine's top priest Toshiaki Nambu dies"</a>. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yasukuni+shrine%27s+top+priest+Toshiaki+Nambu+dies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theaustralian.com.au%2Farchive%2Fnews%2Fyasukuni-shrines-top-priest-dies%2Fstory-e6frg6t6-1111118513680&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151017184019/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2009/06/13/news/new-yasukuni-chief-priest-picked/#.UsWTjtIvTkM">"New Yasukuni chief priest picked"</a>. 13 June 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2009/06/13/news/new-yasukuni-chief-priest-picked/#.UsWTjtIvTkM">the original</a> on October 17, 2015. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Yasukuni+chief+priest+picked&rft.date=2009-06-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Fnews%2F2009%2F06%2F13%2Fnews%2Fnew-yasukuni-chief-priest-picked%2F%23.UsWTjtIvTkM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.rocketnews24.com/2013/01/22/new-head-priest-of-controversial-yasukuni-shrine-appointed/">"New Head Priest of Controversial Yasukuni Shrine Appointed"</a>. 22 January 2013. Retrieved 2014-01-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Head+Priest+of+Controversial+Yasukuni+Shrine+Appointed&rft.date=2013-01-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.rocketnews24.com%2F2013%2F01%2F22%2Fnew-head-priest-of-controversial-yasukuni-shrine-appointed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130120234141/http://www.asahi.com/national/update/0118/TKY201301180248.html?ref=rss"><bdi lang="ja">靖国神社１１代宮司に徳川康久氏</bdi></a> [Yasuhisa Tokugawa named 11th Head Priest of Yasukuni Shrine]. 18 January 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asahi.com/national/update/0118/TKY201301180248.html?ref=rss">the original</a> on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%EF%BC%91%EF%BC%91%E4%BB%A3%E5%AE%AE%E5%8F%B8%E3%81%AB%E5%BE%B3%E5%B7%9D%E5%BA%B7%E4%B9%85%E6%B0%8F&rft.date=2013-01-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asahi.com%2Fnational%2Fupdate%2F0118%2FTKY201301180248.html%3Fref%3Drss&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031608/http://www.politicsandreligionjournal.com/images/pdf_files/srpski/godina3_broj2/Analiza%201.pdf">"The Yasukuni Shrine Problem in the East Asian Context: Religion and Politics in Modern Japan: Foundation"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politicsandreligionjournal.com/images/pdf_files/srpski/godina3_broj2/Analiza%201.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Yasukuni+Shrine+Problem+in+the+East+Asian+Context%3A+Religion+and+Politics+in+Modern+Japan%3A+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politicsandreligionjournal.com%2Fimages%2Fpdf_files%2Fsrpski%2Fgodina3_broj2%2FAnaliza%25201.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Nelson, John. "Social Memory as Ritual Practice: Commemorating Spirits of the Military Dead at Yasukuni Shinto Shrine". Journal of Asian Studies 62, 2 (May 2003): 445–467.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ponsonby-Fane" title="Richard Ponsonby-Fane">Ponsonby-Fane, Richard</a>. (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IGkrAAAAIAAJ&q=Vicissitudes+of+Shinto">Vicissitudes of Shinto.</a> Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/36655">OCLC 36655</a></li> <li>Pye, Michael: "Religion and Conflict in Japan with Special Reference to Shinto and Yasukuni Shrine". Diogenes 50:3 (2003), S. 45–59.</li> <li>Saaler, Sven: Politics, Memory and Public Opinion: The History Textbook Controversy and Japanese Society. München: Iudicium, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-89129-849-8" title="Special:BookSources/3-89129-849-8">3-89129-849-8</a>.</li> <li>Shirk, Susan L. China: Fragile Superpower: How China's Internal Politics Could Derail Its Peaceful Rise. Oxford University Press, US. 2007. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-530609-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-530609-0">0-19-530609-0</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Breen_(scholar)" title="John Breen (scholar)">Breen, John</a>. "The Dead and the Living in the Land of Peace: A Sociology of the Yasukuni Shrine". Mortality 9, 1 (February 2004): 76–93.</li> <li>Breen, John. Yasukuni, the War Dead and the Struggle for Japan's Past. Columbia University Press, 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-231-70042-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-231-70042-3">0-231-70042-3</a>.</li> <li>Nelson, John. "Social Memory as Ritual Practice: Commemorating Spirits of the Military Dead at Yasukuni Shinto Shrine". Journal of Asian Studies 62, 2 (May 2003): 445–467.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSheftall2005" class="citation book cs1">Sheftall, M. G. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/blossomsinwindhu00shef">Blossoms in the Wind: Human Legacies of the Kamikaze</a>. NAL Caliber. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-451-21487-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-451-21487-0"><bdi>0-451-21487-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Blossoms+in+the+Wind%3A+Human+Legacies+of+the+Kamikaze&rft.pub=NAL+Caliber&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-451-21487-0&rft.aulast=Sheftall&rft.aufirst=M.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fblossomsinwindhu00shef&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSturgeon2006" class="citation book cs1">Sturgeon, William Daniel (August 2006). Japan's Yasukuni Shrine: Place of Peace or Place of Conflict? Regional Politics of History and Memory in East Asia. Dissertation.com. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58112-334-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-58112-334-5"><bdi>1-58112-334-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japan%27s+Yasukuni+Shrine%3A+Place+of+Peace+or+Place+of+Conflict%3F+Regional+Politics+of+History+and+Memory+in+East+Asia&rft.pub=Dissertation.com&rft.date=2006-08&rft.isbn=1-58112-334-5&rft.aulast=Sturgeon&rft.aufirst=William+Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <dl><dt>Regarding its controversy</dt></dl> <ul><li>Ijiri, Hidenori. "Sino-Japanese Controversies since the 1972 Diplomatic Normalization". China Quarterly 124 (Dec 1990): 639–661.</li> <li>Shibuichi, Daiki. "The Yasukuni Dispute and the Politics of Identity of Japan: Why All the Fuss?" Asian Survey 45, 2 (March–April 2005): 197–215.</li> <li>Tamamoto, Masaru. "A Land Without Patriots: The Yasukuni Controversy and Japanese Nationalism". World Policy Journal 18, 3 (Fall 2001): 33–40.</li> <li>Yang, Daqing. "Mirror for the Future of the History Card? Understanding the 'History Problem'" in Chinese-Japanese Relations in the Twenty-first Century: Complementarity and Conflict, edited by Marie Söderberg, 10–31. New York: Routledge, 2002.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Yasukuni_Shrine" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Yasukuni Shrine">Yasukuni Shrine</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/">Official website</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/postwar/yasukuni/index.html">"Prime Minister's Visits to Yasukuni Shrine"</a>. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (MOFA).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prime+Minister%27s+Visits+to+Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+of+Japan+%28MOFA%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.go.jp%2Fpolicy%2Fpostwar%2Fyasukuni%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReiji_Yoshida2004" class="citation news cs1">Reiji Yoshida (December 20, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2004/12/20/national/chief-yasukuni-priest-brings-business-savvy-to-shrine/">"Chief Yasukuni priest brings business savvy to shrine"</a>. Japan Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Japan+Times&rft.atitle=Chief+Yasukuni+priest+brings+business+savvy+to+shrine&rft.date=2004-12-20&rft.au=Reiji+Yoshida&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Fnews%2F2004%2F12%2F20%2Fnational%2Fchief-yasukuni-priest-brings-business-savvy-to-shrine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTadayoshi_Nakamura" class="citation web cs1">Tadayoshi Nakamura. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150601073539/http://nakamura.piikx.com/photoset/yasukuni-jinja-on-the-60th-anniversary-of-japan's-surrender/MDExYzcxODFiZGI4Yg==/page1/">"Yasukuni Jinja on the 60th anniversary of Japan's surrender"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nakamura.piikx.com/photoset/yasukuni-jinja-on-the-60th-anniversary-of-japan's-surrender/MDExYzcxODFiZGI4Yg==/page1/">the original</a> on 2015-06-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yasukuni+Jinja+on+the+60th+anniversary+of+Japan%27s+surrender&rft.au=Tadayoshi+Nakamura&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnakamura.piikx.com%2Fphotoset%2Fyasukuni-jinja-on-the-60th-anniversary-of-japan%27s-surrender%2FMDExYzcxODFiZGI4Yg%3D%3D%2Fpage1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070129043243/http://www.transpacificradio.com/2006/09/09/seijigiri-3/">"Discussion of the impact of Prime Ministerial visits to Yasukuni Shrine"</a>. Trans-Pacific Radio. September 9, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transpacificradio.com/2006/09/09/seijigiri-3/">the original</a> on January 29, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Discussion+of+the+impact+of+Prime+Ministerial+visits+to+Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.pub=Trans-Pacific+Radio&rft.date=2006-09-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.transpacificradio.com%2F2006%2F09%2F09%2Fseijigiri-3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTakahashi2007" class="citation web cs1">Takahashi, Tetsuya (March 6, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chiasmos.uchicago.edu/events/takahashi.shtml">"Postwar Japan on the Brink: Militarism, Colonialism, Yasukuni Shrine"</a>. CHIASMOS. <a href="/wiki/Uchicago" class="mw-redirect" title="Uchicago">Uchicago</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CHIASMOS&rft.atitle=Postwar+Japan+on+the+Brink%3A+Militarism%2C+Colonialism%2C+Yasukuni+Shrine&rft.date=2007-03-06&rft.aulast=Takahashi&rft.aufirst=Tetsuya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchiasmos.uchicago.edu%2Fevents%2Ftakahashi.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYasukuni+Shrine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.accessible-japan.com/places/japan/tokyo/chiyoda/attractions/yasukuni-shrine/">Wheelchair accessibility information on Yasukuni Shrine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Empire_of_Japan98" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Empire_of_Japan" title="Template:Empire of Japan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Empire_of_Japan" title="Template talk:Empire of Japan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Empire_of_Japan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Empire of Japan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Empire_of_Japan98" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_Empire_of_Japan" title="Agriculture in the Empire of Japan">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Empire_of_Japan" title="Censorship in the Empire of Japan">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demography_of_the_Empire_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Demography of the Empire of Japan">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Empire_of_Japan" title="Economy of the Empire of Japan">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Japan#Prewar_period" title="Economic history of Japan">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Empire_of_Japan" title="Education in the Empire of Japan">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperor_system" title="Emperor system">System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenics_in_Japan" title="Eugenics in Japan">Eugenics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_commerce_and_shipping_of_the_Empire_of_Japan" title="Foreign commerce and shipping of the Empire of Japan">Foreign commerce and shipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_production_in_Sh%C5%8Dwa_Japan" title="Industrial production in Shōwa Japan">Industrial production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_militarism" title="Japanese militarism">Militarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_nationalism" title="Japanese nationalism">Nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_essentialism" title="National essentialism">Essentialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Empire_of_Japan_(1914%E2%80%931944)" title="Politics of the Empire of Japan (1914–1944)">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statism_in_Sh%C5%8Dwa_Japan" title="Statism in Shōwa Japan">Statism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Shinto" title="State Shinto">State Shinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazoku" title="Kazoku">Kazoku</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/80px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/120px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/160px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Emperors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Meiji" title="Emperor Meiji">Meiji (Mutsuhito)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Taish%C5%8D" title="Emperor Taishō">Taishō (Yoshihito)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Shōwa (Hirohito)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Japan" title="Flag of Japan">Flag of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rising_Sun_Flag" title="Rising Sun Flag">Rising Sun Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_seals_of_Japan" title="National seals of Japan">National seals of Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan" title="Imperial Seal of Japan">Imperial Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Seal_of_Japan" title="Government Seal of Japan">Government Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Seal_of_Japan" title="State Seal of Japan">State Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privy_Seal_of_Japan" title="Privy Seal of Japan">Privy Seal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimigayo" title="Kimigayo">Kimigayo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meiji_Constitution" title="Meiji Constitution">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_Oath" title="Charter Oath">Charter Oath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Meiji_Japan" title="Foreign relations of Meiji Japan">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Rescript_on_Education" title="Imperial Rescript on Education">Imperial Rescript on Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Rule_Assistance_Association" title="Imperial Rule Assistance Association">Imperial Rule Assistance Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokusan_Sonendan" title="Yokusan Sonendan">Yokusan Sonendan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Japan_Youth_Party" title="Great Japan Youth Party">Great Japan Youth Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokutai" title="Kokutai">Kokutai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mokusatsu" title="Mokusatsu">Mokusatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Spiritual_Mobilization_Movement" title="National Spiritual Mobilization Movement">National Spiritual Mobilization Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_Preservation_Law" title="Peace Preservation Law">Peace Preservation Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_of_the_Empire_of_Japan" title="Political parties of the Empire of Japan">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Judicature_of_Japan" title="Supreme Court of Judicature of Japan">Supreme Court of Judicature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokubetsu_K%C5%8Dt%C5%8D_Keisatsu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokubetsu Kōtō Keisatsu">Tokkō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonarigumi" title="Tonarigumi">Tonarigumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_East_Asia_Conference" title="Greater East Asia Conference">Greater East Asia Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senbu" title="Senbu">Senbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Airways" title="Imperial Japanese Airways">Imperial Japanese Airways</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_structure_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Government" title="Administrative structure of the Imperial Japanese Government">Administration (ministries)</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Imperial_Household" title="Ministry of the Imperial Household">Imperial Household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_Ministry" title="Home Ministry">Home Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_War_(pre-modern_Japan)" title="Ministry of War (pre-modern Japan)">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Ministry" title="Army Ministry">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Navy_(Japan)" title="Ministry of the Navy (Japan)">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Treasury" title="Ministry of the Treasury">Treasury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_and_Commerce" title="Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce">Agriculture and Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Commerce_and_Industry_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Commerce and Industry (Japan)">Commerce and Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Munitions_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Munitions (Japan)">Munitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Colonial_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Colonial Affairs (Japan)">Colonial Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Greater_East_Asia" title="Ministry of Greater East Asia">Greater East Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Development_Board" title="East Asia Development Board">East Asia Development Board (Kōain)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_structure_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Government" title="Administrative structure of the Imperial Japanese Government">Legislative and deliberative bodies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daij%C5%8D-kan" title="Daijō-kan">Daijō-kan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_Japan" title="Privy Council of Japan">Privy Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gozen_Kaigi" title="Gozen Kaigi">Gozen Kaigi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Diet#History" title="National Diet">Imperial Diet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Peers_(Japan)" title="House of Peers (Japan)">Peers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Japan)" title="House of Representatives (Japan)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Armed_Forces" title="Imperial Japanese Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_General_Headquarters" title="Imperial General Headquarters">Imperial General Headquarters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army_General_Staff_Office" title="Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office">Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy_General_Staff" title="Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff">Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Rescript_to_Soldiers_and_Sailors" title="Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors">Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senjinkun_military_code" title="Senjinkun military code">Senjinkun military code</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_nuclear_weapons_program" title="Japanese nuclear weapons program">Nuclear weapons program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamikaze" title="Kamikaze">Kamikaze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes" title="Japanese war crimes">War crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_War_Council_(Japan)" title="Supreme War Council (Japan)">Supreme War Council</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conscription_in_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conscription in Japan (page does not exist)">Conscription</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Imperial Japanese Army</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army_General_Staff_Office" title="Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office">General Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army_Air_Service" title="Imperial Japanese Army Air Service">Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army_Railways_and_Shipping_Section" title="Imperial Japanese Army Railways and Shipping Section">Railways and Shipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Guard_(Japan)" title="Imperial Guard (Japan)">Imperial Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Way_Faction" title="Imperial Way Faction">Imperial Way Faction (Kōdōha)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_holdout" title="Japanese holdout">Japanese holdout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Army_of_Japan" title="Taiwan Army of Japan">Taiwan Army of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dseiha" title="Tōseiha">Control Faction (Tōseiha)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempeitai" title="Kempeitai">Kempeitai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy" title="Imperial Japanese Navy">Imperial Japanese Navy</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy_General_Staff" title="Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff">General Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy_Air_Service" title="Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service">Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Marines" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Japanese Marines">Marines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokubetsu_Keisatsutai" title="Tokubetsu Keisatsutai">Tokkeitai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Faction" title="Fleet Faction">Fleet Faction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_Faction" title="Treaty Faction">Treaty Faction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Meiji_era" title="Meiji era">Meiji era</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration">Meiji Restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beipu_uprising" title="Beipu uprising">Beipu uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boshin_War" title="Boshin War">Boshin War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Lords_Incident" title="Two Lords Incident">Two Lords Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsuma_Rebellion" title="Satsuma Rebellion">Satsuma Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War" title="First Sino-Japanese War">First Sino-Japanese War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_Intervention" title="Triple Intervention">Triple Intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxer_Rebellion" title="Boxer Rebellion">Boxer Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo%E2%80%93Japanese_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo–Japanese Alliance">Anglo–Japanese Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_Taiwan_(1874)" title="Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1874)">Invasion of Taiwan (1874)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_Taiwan_(1895)" title="Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1895)">Invasion of Taiwan (1895)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_era" title="Taishō era">Taishō era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japan_during_World_War_I" title="Japan during World War I">World War I</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Japanese entry into World War I">Entry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_intervention_in_Siberia" title="Japanese intervention in Siberia">Siberian Intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Election_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="General Election Law">General Election Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Naval_Treaty" title="Washington Naval Treaty">Washington Naval Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchuria%E2%80%93Mongolia_problem" title="Manchuria–Mongolia problem">Manchuria–Mongolia problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_Democracy" title="Taishō Democracy">Taishō Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_Roman" title="Taishō Roman">Taishō Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapani_incident" title="Tapani incident">Tapani incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truku_War" title="Truku War">Truku War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_Equality_Proposal" title="Racial Equality Proposal">Racial Equality Proposal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_era" title="Shōwa era">Shōwa era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_financial_crisis" title="Shōwa financial crisis">Shōwa financial crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinan_incident" title="Jinan incident">Jinan incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Naval_Treaty" title="London Naval Treaty">London Naval Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musha_Incident" title="Musha Incident">Musha Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacification_of_Manchukuo" title="Pacification of Manchukuo">Pacification of Manchukuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_28_incident" title="January 28 incident">January 28 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motherland_controversy" title="Motherland controversy">Motherland controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Comintern_Pact" title="Anti-Comintern Pact">Anti-Comintern Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Japanese_border_conflicts" title="Soviet–Japanese border conflicts">Soviet–Japanese border conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Massacre" title="Nanjing Massacre">Rape of Nanking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Pact" title="Tripartite Pact">Tripartite Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Japanese_Neutrality_Pact" title="Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact">Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_during_World_War_II" title="Japan during World War II">Japan during World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki" title="Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki">Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Japanese_War" title="Soviet–Japanese War">Soviet–Japanese War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">Surrender</a> (<a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Declaration" title="Potsdam Declaration">Potsdam Declaration</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hirohito_surrender_broadcast" title="Hirohito surrender broadcast">Hirohito surrender broadcast</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Japan" title="Occupation of Japan">Occupation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Colonies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karafuto_Prefecture" title="Karafuto Prefecture">Karafuto</a> (<a href="/wiki/Naichi" class="mw-redirect" title="Naichi">naichi</a> after 1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Chōsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwantung_Leased_Territory" title="Kwantung Leased Territory">Kantō-shū</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Seas_Mandate" title="South Seas Mandate">Nan'yō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Puppet states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manchukuo" title="Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengjiang" title="Mengjiang">Mengjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Jingwei_regime" title="Wang Jingwei regime">Wang Jingwei regime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Philippine_Republic" title="Second Philippine Republic">Second Philippine Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Vietnam" title="Empire of Vietnam">Empire of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Burma" title="State of Burma">State of Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Hind" title="Azad Hind">Azad Hind</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_territories_acquired_by_the_Empire_of_Japan" title="List of territories acquired by the Empire of Japan">Occupied territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_British_Borneo" title="Japanese occupation of British Borneo">Borneo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Burma" title="Japanese occupation of Burma">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Indochina_in_World_War_II" title="French Indochina in World War II">French Indochina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Hong_Kong" title="Japanese occupation of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Malaya" title="Japanese occupation of Malaya">Malaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Philippines" title="Japanese occupation of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Singapore" title="Japanese occupation of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand_in_World_War_II" title="Thailand in World War II">Thailand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Ideology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_East_Asia_Co-Prosperity_Sphere" title="Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere">Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yen_bloc" title="Yen bloc">Yen bloc</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sonn%C5%8D_j%C5%8Di" title="Sonnō jōi">Sonnō jōi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukoku_ky%C5%8Dhei" title="Fukoku kyōhei">Fukoku kyōhei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakk%C5%8D_ichiu" title="Hakkō ichiu">Hakkō ichiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_settlers_in_Manchuria" title="Japanese settlers in Manchuria">Japanese settlers in Manchuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese-run_internment_camps_during_World_War_II" title="List of Japanese-run internment camps during World War II">Internment camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Japanese_industrial_co-operation_before_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="German–Japanese industrial co-operation before World War II">German pre–World War II industrial co-operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinmin_no_Michi" title="Shinmin no Michi">Shinmin no Michi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_Modan" title="Shōwa Modan">Shōwa Modan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_thought_in_Imperial_Japan" title="Socialist thought in Imperial Japan">Socialist thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Imperial_Japan_Serviceman" title="Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman">Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yasukuni Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">International Military Tribunal for the Far East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_dissidence_in_the_Empire_of_Japan" title="Political dissidence in the Empire of Japan">Political dissidence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242803#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1734" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242803#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1734" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242803#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000085950937">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/279316327">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82010878">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb150816890">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb150816890">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00280826">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an49283511">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2015877167&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4687457">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/8054804">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007524515105171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02575965?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/098134027">IdRef</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_Shinto78" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:State_Shinto" title="Template:State Shinto"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:State_Shinto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:State Shinto (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:State_Shinto" title="Special:EditPage/Template:State Shinto"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_Shinto78" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/State_Shinto" title="State Shinto">State Shinto</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Divinities" title="Department of Divinities">Department of Divinities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Divinities" title="Ministry of Divinities">Ministry of Divinities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missionary_Office" title="Missionary Office">Missionary Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Religion_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Religion (Japan)">Ministry of Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyodo_Shoku" title="Kyodo Shoku">Kyodo Shoku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taikyo_Institute" title="Taikyo Institute">Taikyo Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Shinto_Affairs" title="Bureau of Shinto Affairs">Bureau of Shinto Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Shrines_and_Temples" title="Bureau of Shrines and Temples">Bureau of Shrines and Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_Ministry" title="Home Ministry">Home Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koten_Kokyusho" title="Koten Kokyusho">Institute of Japanese Classics Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Shinto_Priests" title="National Association of Shinto Priests">National Association of Shinto Priests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Shrines" title="Bureau of Shrines">Bureau of Shrines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Religions" title="Bureau of Religions">Bureau of Religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Divinities" title="Institute of Divinities">Institute of Divinities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingu-kyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Jingu-kyo">Jingu-kyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokugakuin_University" title="Kokugakuin University">Kokugakuin University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unity_of_religion_and_rule" title="Unity of religion and rule">Unity of religion and rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haibutsu_kishaku" title="Haibutsu kishaku">Haibutsu kishaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_Shrine_Theory" title="Secular Shrine Theory">Secular Shrine Theory</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yasukuni Shrine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gokoku_Shrines" class="mw-redirect" title="Gokoku Shrines">Shōkonsha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_cult" title="Imperial cult">Imperial cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_system_of_ranked_Shinto_shrines" title="Modern system of ranked Shinto shrines">Modern system of ranked Shinto shrines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taikyo_Proclamation" title="Taikyo Proclamation">Taikyo Proclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinbutsu_bunri" title="Shinbutsu bunri">Shinbutsu bunri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_Consolidation_Policy" title="Shrine Consolidation Policy">Shrine Consolidation Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Organizations_Law" title="Religious Organizations Law">Religious Organizations Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_Parishioner_Registration" title="Shrine Parishioner Registration">Shrine Parishioner Registration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanity_Declaration" title="Humanity Declaration">Humanity Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinto_Directive" title="Shinto Directive">Shinto Directive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Successor organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Shinto_Shrines" title="Association of Shinto Shrines">Association of Shinto Shrines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokugakuin_University" title="Kokugakuin University">Kokugakuin University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinto_Taikyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinto Taikyo">Shinto Taikyo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yasukuni Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokoku_Shrines" class="mw-redirect" title="Gokoku Shrines">Gokoku Shrines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_Shinto" title="Shrine Shinto">Shrine Shinto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kokugaku" title="Kokugaku">Kokugaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukko_Shinto" title="Fukko Shinto">Fukko Shinto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&oldid=1275307567">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yasukuni_Shrine&oldid=1275307567</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Monuments_and_memorials_in_Japan" title="Category:Monuments and memorials in Japan">Monuments and memorials in Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Chiyoda,_Tokyo" title="Category:Buildings and structures in Chiyoda, Tokyo">Buildings and structures in Chiyoda, Tokyo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_of_the_Meiji_era" title="Category:Buildings of the Meiji era">Buildings of the Meiji era</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Shinto_shrines_in_Tokyo" title="Category:Shinto shrines in Tokyo">Shinto shrines in Tokyo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Empire_of_Japan" title="Category:Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Religious_buildings_and_structures_completed_in_1869" title="Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in 1869">Religious buildings and structures completed in 1869</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1869_establishments_in_Japan" title="Category:1869 establishments in Japan">1869 establishments in Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Religious_organizations_established_in_1869" title="Category:Religious organizations established in 1869">Religious organizations established in 1869</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th_century_in_Tokyo" 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