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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tsuki_in_Karate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tsuki_in_Karate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tsuki in Karate</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tsuki_in_Karate-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Tsuki in Karate subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tsuki_in_Karate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Performing_a_Choku-Tsuki_(Straight_Punch)_in_Karate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performing_a_Choku-Tsuki_(Straight_Punch)_in_Karate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Performing a Choku-Tsuki (Straight Punch) in Karate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performing_a_Choku-Tsuki_(Straight_Punch)_in_Karate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tsuki_Power_Generation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tsuki_Power_Generation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Tsuki Power Generation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tsuki_Power_Generation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_Examples_of_Tsuki_Techniques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_Examples_of_Tsuki_Techniques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Other Examples of Tsuki Techniques</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_Examples_of_Tsuki_Techniques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tsuki_in_Aikido_and_Aiki-jo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tsuki_in_Aikido_and_Aiki-jo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tsuki in Aikido and Aiki-jo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tsuki_in_Aikido_and_Aiki-jo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tsuki_in_Kendo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tsuki_in_Kendo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tsuki in Kendo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tsuki_in_Kendo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> 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martial arts term. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Tsuki_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Tsuki (disambiguation)">Tsuki (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Tsuki</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JJS_Karate_Kids_on_Training.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/JJS_Karate_Kids_on_Training.jpg/250px-JJS_Karate_Kids_on_Training.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/JJS_Karate_Kids_on_Training.jpg/500px-JJS_Karate_Kids_on_Training.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A successful tsuki in <a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Japanese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">突き</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">つき</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Revised Hepburn</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="ja-Latn">tsuki</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kunrei-shiki_romanization" title="Kunrei-shiki romanization">Kunrei-shiki</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="ja-Latn">tuki</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table><p><b>Tsuki</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">突き</span></span>)</span> derives from the verb <i>tsuku</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">突く</span></span>)</span>, meaning "to thrust". The second syllable is accented, with Japanese's <a href="/wiki/Japanese_phonology#Devoicing" title="Japanese phonology">unvoiced vowels</a> making it pronounced almost like "<a href="/wiki/Ski" title="Ski">ski</a>" (but preceded by a "t" sound). In <a href="/wiki/Japanese_martial_arts" title="Japanese martial arts">Japanese martial arts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Okinawan_martial_arts" title="Okinawan martial arts">Okinawan martial arts</a>, <i>tsuki</i> is used to refer to various thrusting techniques. </p><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tsuki_in_Karate">Tsuki in Karate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsuki&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Tsuki in Karate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oitsuki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Oitsuki.jpg/120px-Oitsuki.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Oitsuki.jpg/140px-Oitsuki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="209" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption>Oi-tsuki</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gyakutsuki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gyakutsuki.jpg/120px-Gyakutsuki.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gyakutsuki.jpg/140px-Gyakutsuki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="218" /></a><figcaption>Gyaku-tsuki</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">karate</a> and its variants, the term <i>tsuki</i> is used as a part of a compound word for any one of a variety of thrusting techniques (usually <a href="/wiki/Punch_(combat)#Karate" title="Punch (combat)">punches</a>). It is never used as a stand-alone term to describe a discrete technique. For example, <i>gyaku seiken chudan-tsuki</i>, more commonly referred to as <i>chudan-tsuki</i> (段突), refers to a mid-level (<i>chudan</i>) punch (<i>tsuki</i>) executed with the rear (<i>gyaku</i>) arm. Note that in a compound word, where <i>tsuki</i> does not come first, its pronunciation and writing changes slightly due to <a href="/wiki/Rendaku" title="Rendaku">rendaku</a>, and it is pronounced as "<i>zuki</i>" (and is sometimes transliterated that way). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performing_a_Choku-Tsuki_(Straight_Punch)_in_Karate"><span id="Performing_a_Choku-Tsuki_.28Straight_Punch.29_in_Karate"></span>Performing a Choku-Tsuki (Straight Punch) in Karate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsuki&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Performing a Choku-Tsuki (Straight Punch) in Karate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>choku-tsuki</i> (直突き) – straight punch—is a basic <a href="/wiki/Karate_technique" class="mw-redirect" title="Karate technique">karate technique</a>. It is performed by closing the hand in a fist. Target contact is made with the first two knuckles of the fore-fist, with the fist rotated slightly, both externally and downwards, so as to align the wrist directly behind the first two knuckles. For a right <i>choku-tsuki</i>, the right fist is chambered at a preparatory position, at the hips or by the ribs, with the palm side of the fist pointed upwards. At the same time, the left arm is extended in front of the left hip. To perform the <i>choku-tsuki</i> technique, the right fist is thrust forward in a direct path toward the target, with the elbow directly behind the fist and tracing the fist's path. At the same time, the left fist is pulled back to a chambered position at the hip or at the rib cage.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The extending fist remains palm up until the last two inches of the punch, during which it rotates to face down. The elbow remains pointed down, since allowing the elbow to rotate to the side or upwards exposes it to injury from either self-inflicted <a href="/wiki/Hyperextend" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperextend">hyperextension</a>, or from a stiff block by the opponent. Ideally, the fist contacts the target in a vertical to a 45 degree rotated position, with the rest of the fist's rotation taking place following initial contact. </p><p>Karate gives special emphasis to the withdrawing hand – <i>hikite</i> (引き手) – which pulls back as the thrusting arm punches. Practitioners are advised to pay as much attention to the pullback action as to the extension of the main punch.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Different karate styles will have slightly different pullback chambering positions, varying from as low as on top of the hip, to as high as the armpit. </p><p>A straight punch executed from a front stance (<a href="/wiki/Zenkutsu-dachi" class="mw-redirect" title="Zenkutsu-dachi">zenkutsu-dachi</a>) is called <i>gyaku-tsuki</i> (逆突き, reverse punch) if the advanced leg and fist are on opposite sides, or <i>oi-tsuki</i> (追い突き, forward punch or lunge punch) if the leg and fist are on the same side. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tsuki_Power_Generation">Tsuki Power Generation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsuki&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Tsuki Power Generation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The mechanism of power generation in thrusting techniques varies with karate style. Various karate styles and, in particular, Okinawan karate, emphasize the use of the entire body to generate the power that is delivered through the punch.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This can include sequencing the activation of muscles, from lower body to upper body, to create a "wave" of power. In those styles, the body is typically well aligned and relaxed throughout the strike. On the other hand, Japanese karate styles, such as <a href="/wiki/Shotokan" title="Shotokan">Shotokan</a>, emphasize the movement of the hips as the main mean for generating power: The hips twist as the withdrawing (non-punching) <i>hikite</i> arm is pulled back while the punching arm is pushed forward, and the karateka is taught to tense the whole body and to push down his or her rear leg as the punch makes contact. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_Examples_of_Tsuki_Techniques">Other Examples of Tsuki Techniques</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsuki&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other Examples of Tsuki Techniques"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other examples of basic <i>tsuki</i> techniques in karate include the following: </p> <ul><li><i>Age-tsuki</i> (上げ突き), <a href="/wiki/Uppercut" title="Uppercut">rising</a> punch</li> <li><i>Kagi-tsuki</i> (鉤突き), <a href="/wiki/Hook_(boxing)" title="Hook (boxing)">hook</a> punch</li> <li><i>Mawashi-tsuki</i> (回し突き), roundhouse punch</li> <li><i>Morote-tsuki</i> (双手突き), augmented punch using both hands</li> <li><i>Jun-tsuki (</i>順突き<i>), </i>punch with the lead arm when stationary or moving back/away</li> <li><i>Tate-tsuki</i> (立て突き), vertical fist punch into the middle of the chest (short-range)</li> <li><i>Ura-tsuki</i> (裏突き), upside-down fist punch into solar plexus area (short-range)</li> <li><i>Yama-tsuki</i> (山突き) or <i>Rete-zuki</i>, two-level double punch (combination of <i>ura-zuki</i> and <a href="/wiki/Jodan" class="mw-redirect" title="Jodan">jodan</a> <a href="/wiki/Oi_zuki" class="mw-redirect" title="Oi zuki">oi zuki</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tsuki_in_Aikido_and_Aiki-jo">Tsuki in Aikido and Aiki-jo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsuki&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Tsuki in Aikido and Aiki-jo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">aikidō</a>, choku-zuki (straight punch, as described above) is a basic thrusting attack from which throwing and pinning skills are taught. However, because in most <a href="/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">aikidō</a> schools the straight punch is the predominant punch from which defensive techniques are taught, there is little need to differentiate it from any other punch. Thus, it is shortened and simply called tsuki.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <i><a href="/wiki/Aiki-j%C5%8D" title="Aiki-jō">aiki-jō</a></i> practiced in some systems of <a href="/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">aikido</a> and utilizing a four-foot wooden staff (<i><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8D" title="Jō">jō</a></i>), <i>tsuki</i> is used literally as part of the name of numerous thrusting techniques with the jō. With the student standing in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidari_katate-gamae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidari katate-gamae (page does not exist)">hidari katate-gamae</a>, the weapon is lifted to the right hand, which slides to the bottom end of the weapon. The student shuffle steps forward (suri-ashi) and the right hand pushes the weapon for the strike, allowing it to slide in the left hand, and coming to rest with the left hand gripping the jō one third the distance from the bottom end. Picture striking a <a href="/wiki/Cue_sports" title="Cue sports">billiard</a> ball with a <a href="/wiki/Cue_stick" title="Cue stick">cue stick</a>, except both hands grip the jō with palms down, and thumbs forward. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tsuki_in_Kendo">Tsuki in Kendo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsuki&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tsuki in Kendo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Tsuki</i> is one of the five target areas (<i>datotsu-bui</i>) in <i><a href="/wiki/Kendo" title="Kendo">kendo</a></i> (along with <i><a href="/wiki/Men_kendo" class="mw-redirect" title="Men kendo">men</a></i>, <i>do</i>, <i>hidari kote</i> and <i>migi kote</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a thrust of the point of the <i><a href="/wiki/Shinai" title="Shinai">shinai</a></i> to the throat. The target area (<i>datotsu-bui</i>) for <i>tsuki</i> is the <i>tsuki-bu</i>, a multi-layered set of flaps, attached to the <i>men</i> (helmet) that protects the throat. </p><p><i>Tsuki</i> is most often done with a two handed grip (<i>morote-zuki</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">諸手突き</span></span>)</span>) and less often with only the left hand (<i>katate-zuki</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">片手突き</span></span>)</span>). </p><p><i>Tsuki</i> is often disallowed for younger and lower graded players in free practice and in competition (<i>shiai</i>) due to the higher risk of injury, as a missed <i>tsuki</i> attack can hit the opponent’s unprotected neck and hurt his or her windpipe. </p><p>While variants of <i>tsuki</i> exist in other martial arts, in <i>kendo</i> it has no variants—the target is always the same. </p><p>Unlike most other martial arts that use this term, in <i>kendo</i>, <i>tsuki</i> is a comprehensive term for both the movement and the target. Unlike with other strikes in kendo, the <i><a href="/wiki/Kiai" title="Kiai">kiai</a></i> for this strike is not the name of the target (the neck, or <i>kubi</i>) but rather the name of the attack (<i>tsuki</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsuki&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strike_(attack)" title="Strike (attack)">Strike (attack)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsuki&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/120px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E3%81%8D#Japanese" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:突き">突き</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fullpotentialma.com/pullback-hikite-martial-arts/">A discussions of the hikite (pullback) in karate and martial arts</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsuki&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFunakoshi2001" class="citation book cs1">Funakoshi, Gichin (2001). <i>Karate Jutsu</i>. Japan: Kodansha International. p. 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/4-7700-2681-1" title="Special:BookSources/4-7700-2681-1"><bdi>4-7700-2681-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Karate+Jutsu&rft.place=Japan&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Kodansha+International&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=4-7700-2681-1&rft.aulast=Funakoshi&rft.aufirst=Gichin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATsuki" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOyama1975" class="citation book cs1">Oyama, Masatutatsu (1975). <i>Mastering Karate</i>. New York: Grosset & Dunlap. pp. <span class="nowrap">41–</span>43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-448-01747-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-448-01747-4"><bdi>0-448-01747-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mastering+Karate&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E41-%3C%2Fspan%3E43&rft.pub=Grosset+%26+Dunlap&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0-448-01747-4&rft.aulast=Oyama&rft.aufirst=Masatutatsu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATsuki" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fullpotentialma.com/power-generation-martial-arts-axis-spine-center-gamaku/">"Power Generation in Martial Arts and Karate"</a>. Full Potential Martial Arts, San Diego.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Power+Generation+in+Martial+Arts+and+Karate&rft.pub=Full+Potential+Martial+Arts%2C+San+Diego&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fullpotentialma.com%2Fpower-generation-martial-arts-axis-spine-center-gamaku%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATsuki" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mainlinebudo.com/?p=464">"Attacks? In Aikido?"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Attacks%3F+In+Aikido%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mainlinebudo.com%2F%3Fp%3D464&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATsuki" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Japanese-English Dictionary of Kendo</i>, All Japan Kendo Federation, Tokyo, Japan. 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