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Shari'a and Society</i> (1930)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Our_Women_in_Shari'a_and_Society_(1930)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Honors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="তাহার হাদ্দাদ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তাহার হাদ্দাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahar_Haddad" title="Tahar Haddad – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tahar Haddad" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/At-T%C4%81hir_al-Hadd%C4%81d" title="At-Tāhir al-Haddād – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="At-Tāhir al-Haddād" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahar_Haddad" title="Tahar Haddad – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tahar Haddad" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="طاهر حداد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طاهر حداد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahar_Haddad" title="Tahar Haddad – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tahar Haddad" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Tunisian author and trade unionist</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tahar_Haddad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Tahar_Haddad.jpg/220px-Tahar_Haddad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Tahar_Haddad.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="351" /></a><figcaption>Tahar Haddad</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Tahar Haddad</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">الطاهر الحداد</span>; 1899 – December 1935) was a <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisian</a> author, trade unionist, socialist, scholar and reformer.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Haddad was born in <a href="/wiki/Tunis" title="Tunis">Tunis</a> to a family of shopkeepers and studied Islamic law at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Ez-Zitouna" title="University of Ez-Zitouna">Great Mosque of Zitouna</a> from 1911 until his graduation in 1920.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He became a notary, and he abandoned his career to join <a href="/wiki/Al-Destour" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Destour">Al-Destour</a>, which was the first major political party spearheading the Tunisian national movement. In the following years, he became a prominent member in the burgeoning Tunisian labor movement, and he quickly became a leading spokesperson for the movement. He left the Destour party when he became dissatisfied with the leadership, particularly the party's negative attitude towards the labor movement.<sup id="cite_ref-Community_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Community-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tunisian_workers_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tunisian_workers-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Haddad was a key figure in the early Tunisian Labor movement, which had emerged as a reaction to the French labor movement's reluctance to defend the interests of indigenous Tunisian workers and was active for over a decade. However, Haddad would later be known first and foremost as a pioneering Tunisian feminist.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahar_Haddad&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family_and_Early_Life">Family and Early Life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahar_Haddad&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Family and Early Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Haddad's family was from <a href="/wiki/El_Hamma" title="El Hamma">El Hamma</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gab%C3%A8s" title="Gabès">Gabès</a>, but he was born in a poor neighborhood on Rue Kaaiki in Tunis. His father and uncle owned a chicken shop in the Marché Centrale. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Studies_at_the_Great_Mosque">Studies at the Great Mosque</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahar_Haddad&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Studies at the Great Mosque"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He studied Islamic law at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Ez-Zitouna" title="University of Ez-Zitouna">Great Mosque of Zitouna</a> from 1911 until his graduation in 1920.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Our_Women_in_Shari'a_and_Society_(1930)"><span id="Our_Women_in_Shari.27a_and_Society_.281930.29"></span><i>Our Women in Shari'a and Society</i> (1930)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahar_Haddad&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Our Women in Shari'a and Society (1930)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1928 and early 1929, Haddad wrote numerous articles on women's education and their legal and social emancipation in the As-Sawab newspaper, edited by Hédi Laâbidi. These writings laid the foundation for his most famous work, <i>Our Woman in Shari'a and Society</i> (1930), in which he outlined his societal reform program through the emancipation and liberation of women.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using numerous Quranic citations, Haddad presented a modernist interpretation of the Quran, demonstrating that the holy text does not contain prohibitions against women's emancipation.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He argued that Tunisian women should have rights, including protection against repudiation, the option to refuse polygamy, and the right to choose their spouse. He even proposed a reform of the inheritance system to apply equal share rules.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The book was officially launched at a reception organized for him by his friends on October 17, 1930, at the <a href="/wiki/Belvedere_Park,_Tunis#Belvedere_Casino" title="Belvedere Park, Tunis">Belvedere Casino</a>. The event was attended by 130 people, including Zine el-Abidine Snoussi, <a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_El_Materi" title="Mahmoud El Materi">Mahmoud El Materi</a>, and Hédi Laâbidi. The Tunisian poet and friend of Haddad, <a href="/wiki/Aboul-Qacem_Echebbi" title="Aboul-Qacem Echebbi">Aboul-Qacem Echebbi</a>, was ill and could not attend, but sent a written message to excuse his absence, while Mohamed Tlatli, who was supposed to preside over the ceremony, withdrew. He was eventually replaced by Rachid Ben Mustapha. </p><p>Haddad's book caused an uproar, and its ideas faced strong opposition from the more conservative segments of society. Haddad was subjected to a vicious smear campaign by members of the <a href="/wiki/Destour" title="Destour">Destour</a> party and the conservative hierarchy of Zitouna,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> even though his work was based on a questionnaire sent to senior teachers of the prestigious Tunisian university.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A major Zitouna scholar, Mohamed Salah Ben Mrad, wrote a scathing response to Haddad's book, though it was later revealed that he had not even read it.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Haddad was publicly shunned and suffered insults and violence in the streets, forcing him to withdraw from public life. He was also abandoned by many of his former friends and allies.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His final years were marked by social withdrawal and depression, as he was shunned by virtually the entire legal, theological, clerical and intellectual establishment for his feminist views. He was thus forbidden from attending his university exams and was kicked out of the exam hall. Several <a href="/wiki/Fatwa" title="Fatwa">fatwas</a> were issued declaring him a heretic, some by prominent religious authorities, with some going as far as declaring him an apostate (most notably, the prominent religious authority Taher ben Achour). He was also forbidden from marrying, and several works were written to rebuke him, both within Tunisia and in the wider Arab world.<sup id="cite_ref-Community_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Community-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tahar Haddad acknowledged his ostracism when he left Tunisia three years after the publication of <i>Our Women</i>. He died in exile from heart disease and <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> on December 7, 1935. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahar_Haddad&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It was only a few years after his death that Haddad's reputation was rehabilitated and his contributions recognized. Indeed, his ideas about women's role in society, along with other social issues, greatly influence the members of the <a href="/wiki/Neo_Destour" title="Neo Destour">Neo-Destour</a> party, including <a href="/wiki/Habib_Bourguiba" title="Habib Bourguiba">Habib Bourguiba</a>, who would become Tunisia's first president following independence. Haddad is recognized as a major inspiration for Borguiba's signature reform, the <a href="/wiki/Code_of_Personal_Status_in_Tunisia" title="Code of Personal Status in Tunisia">Personal Status Code</a> of 1956. Among other reforms, the code banned polygamy and repudiation, set a minimum marriage age for both men and women, required mutual consent in marriage, and secularized divorce and family law. </p><p>Many schools, institutions, events, and locations in Tunisia are named after Haddad, including Rue Tahar Haddad in the capital. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honors">Honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahar_Haddad&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Posthumously, Tahar Haddad was elevated to the rank of Grand Officer of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Republic_(Tunisia)" title="Order of the Republic (Tunisia)">Order of the Republic</a> (First Class) on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of his death.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahar_Haddad&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMasri2017" class="citation book cs1">Masri, Safwan M. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/1176465252"><i>Tunisia : an Arab anomaly</i></a>. Columbia University Press. pp. xxxi, 161–165. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-17951-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-17951-5"><bdi>978-0-231-17951-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1176465252">1176465252</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tunisia+%3A+an+Arab+anomaly&rft.pages=xxxi%2C+161-165&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1176465252&rft.isbn=978-0-231-17951-5&rft.aulast=Masri&rft.aufirst=Safwan+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1176465252&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATahar+Haddad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.qantara.de/content/the-tunisian-islamic-scholar-and-activist-tahar-haddad-a-rebel-loyal-to-the-koran">"The Tunisian Islamic Scholar and Activist Tahar Haddad: A Rebel Loyal to the Koran - Qantara.de"</a>. <i>Qantara.de - Dialogue with the Islamic World</i>. 26 November 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Qantara.de+-+Dialogue+with+the+Islamic+World&rft.atitle=The+Tunisian+Islamic+Scholar+and+Activist+Tahar+Haddad%3A+A+Rebel+Loyal+to+the+Koran+-+Qantara.de&rft.date=2010-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.qantara.de%2Fcontent%2Fthe-tunisian-islamic-scholar-and-activist-tahar-haddad-a-rebel-loyal-to-the-koran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATahar+Haddad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Community-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Community_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Community_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tunisiancommunity.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=107&Itemid=183">Tahar Haddad, Tunisian Social Reformer</a>." <i>Tunisian Community Center</i>. Retrieved on 17 January 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tunisian_workers-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tunisian_workers_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"[]." <i>Tunisian Workers and the Emergence of the Labor Movement</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBakalti1996" class="citation book cs1">Bakalti, Souad (1996). <i>La femme tunisienne au temps de la colonisation: 1881 - 1956</i>. Collection "Histoire et perspectives méditerranéennes". Paris: Éd. L'Harmattan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-7384-4549-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-7384-4549-0"><bdi>978-2-7384-4549-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+femme+tunisienne+au+temps+de+la+colonisation%3A+1881+-+1956&rft.place=Paris&rft.series=Collection+%22Histoire+et+perspectives+m%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9ennes%22&rft.pub=%C3%89d.+L%27Harmattan&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-2-7384-4549-0&rft.aulast=Bakalti&rft.aufirst=Souad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATahar+Haddad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiauzuBlili2004" class="citation book cs1">Liauzu, Claude; Blili, Leila, eds. (2004). <i>Colonisation: droit d'inventaire</i>. Les enjeux de l'histoire. Paris: Colin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-200-26434-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-200-26434-5"><bdi>978-2-200-26434-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Colonisation%3A+droit+d%27inventaire&rft.place=Paris&rft.series=Les+enjeux+de+l%27histoire&rft.pub=Colin&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-2-200-26434-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATahar+Haddad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Curtiss, Richard H. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wrmea.com/backissues/0993/9309050.htm">Women's Rights an Affair of State for Tunisia</a>." <i>Washington Report on Middle East Affairs</i>. September/October 1993, Page 50. Retrieved on January 17, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessnews.com.tn/la-bibliotheque-nationale-rend-hommage-a-tahar-haddad">"La Bibliothèque nationale rend hommage à Tahar Haddad"</a>. <i>business news</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=business+news&rft.atitle=La+Biblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+rend+hommage+%C3%A0+Tahar+Haddad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessnews.com.tn%2Fla-bibliotheque-nationale-rend-hommage-a-tahar-haddad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATahar+Haddad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJktrQJbb7dDCPC9KM3PcP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/124366899">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80076528">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11991192q">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11991192q">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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