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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Salleh Abas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salleh_Abas" title="Salleh Abas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Salleh Abas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salleh_Abas" title="Salleh Abas – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Salleh Abas" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salleh_Abas" title="Salleh Abas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Salleh Abas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ساليه اباس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ساليه اباس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Salleh_Abas" title="Mohamed Salleh Abas – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mohamed Salleh Abas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Salleh_Abas" title="Mohamed Salleh Abas – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mohamed Salleh Abas" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salleh_Abas" title="Salleh Abas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Salleh Abas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salleh_Abas" title="Salleh Abas – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Salleh Abas" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7404974#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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</div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_names#Malay_names" title="Malaysian names">Malay name</a>, there is no <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname or family name</a>. The name <i>Abas</i> is a <a href="/wiki/Patronymic" title="Patronymic">patronymic</a>, and the person should be referred to by their <a href="/wiki/Given_name" title="Given name">given name</a>, <i>Mohamed Salleh</i>. The word "bin" or "binti"/"binte" means 'son of' or 'daughter of', respectively.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Malay_styles_and_titles#Honorary_styles" title="Malay styles and titles">Yang Amat Berbahagia</a> <a href="/wiki/Malay_titles#Federal_titles" class="mw-redirect" title="Malay titles">Tun</a> <a href="/wiki/Hajji" title="Hajji">Haji</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Mohamed Salleh Abas</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia#Grand_Commanders_(S.S.M.)" title="Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia">SSM</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Defender_of_the_Realm#Commanders_(P.M.N.)" title="Order of the Defender of the Realm">PMN</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia#Commanders_(P.S.M.)" title="Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia">PSM</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu" title="Order of the Crown of Terengganu">SPMT</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu" title="Order of the Crown of Terengganu">DPMT</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_post-nominal_letters_(Kelantan)" title="List of post-nominal letters (Kelantan)">PYGP</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Defender_of_the_Realm#Companion" title="Order of the Defender of the Realm">JMN</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu" title="Order of the Crown of Terengganu">SMT</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><span title="Malay (macrolanguage)-language text"><span lang="ms"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1227789315">.mw-parser-output .script-arabic{font-family:"Scheherazade New","SF Arabic",Amiri,"Noto Naskh Arabic","Droid Arabic Naskh","Noto Sans Arabic","Sakkal Majalla","Harmattan","Arabic Typesetting","Arabic Transparent","Times New Roman",Arial,Calibri,"Microsoft Sans Serif","Segoe UI",serif,sans-serif;font-weight:normal}</style><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">محمد صالح عباس</span>‎</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Supreme_Court" title="Lord President of the Supreme Court">Lord President of the Supreme Court</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />2 March 1984 – 11 August 1988</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarchs</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_of_Pahang" title="Ahmad Shah of Pahang">Ahmad Shah</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Iskandar_of_Johor" title="Iskandar of Johor">Iskandar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamad" title="Mahathir Mohamad">Mahathir Mohamad</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Raja_Azlan_Shah" class="mw-redirect" title="Raja Azlan Shah">Raja Azlan Shah</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Omar" title="Abdul Hamid Omar">Abdul Hamid Omar</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Terengganu_State_Executive_Council" title="Terengganu State Executive Council">Terengganu State Executive Councillor</a> for Accountability and Special Tasks</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />2 December 1999 – 24 March 2004</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mizan_Zainal_Abidin_of_Terengganu" title="Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu">Mizan Zainal Abidin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Menteri Besar</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hadi_Awang" title="Abdul Hadi Awang">Abdul Hadi Awang</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Position Established</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Wan Mohd Wan Hassan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jertih_(state_constituency)" title="Jertih (state constituency)">Jertih</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Terengganu_State_Legislative_Assembly" title="Terengganu State Legislative Assembly">Terengganu State Legislative Assembly</a></span><br />for <a href="/wiki/Jertih_(state_constituency)" title="Jertih (state constituency)">Jertih</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />29 November 1999 – 21 March 2004</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Idris Mamat (<a href="/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Malays National Organisation">UMNO</a>–<a href="/wiki/Barisan_Nasional" title="Barisan Nasional">BN</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Idris_Jusoh" title="Idris Jusoh">Idris Jusoh</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Malays National Organisation">UMNO</a>–<a href="/wiki/Barisan_Nasional" title="Barisan Nasional">BN</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Majority</th><td class="infobox-data">1,464 (<a href="/wiki/1999_Malaysian_general_election" title="1999 Malaysian general election">1999</a>)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chairman of the Shariah Board of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://as-salihin.com/"><br /> As-Salihin Trustee Berhad</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />23 October 2004 – 16 January 2021</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1929-08-25</span>)</span>25 August 1929<br />Kampung Raja, <a href="/wiki/Besut" class="mw-redirect" title="Besut">Besut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terengganu" title="Terengganu">Terengganu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unfederated_Malay_States" title="Unfederated Malay States">Unfederated Malay States</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">British Malaya</a> (now Malaysia)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">16 January 2021<span style="display:none">(2021-01-16)</span> (aged 91)<br /><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Terengganu" title="Kuala Terengganu">Kuala Terengganu</a>, Terengganu, Malaysia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label">Sheikh Ibrahim Muslim Cemetery, Jalan Pusara, Kuala Terengganu</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Islamic_Party" title="Malaysian Islamic Party">Malaysian Islamic Party</a> (PAS) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Parti_Melayu_Semangat_46" title="Parti Melayu Semangat 46">Parti Melayu Semangat 46</a> (S46) <br /> <a href="/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Malays National Organisation">United Malays National Organisation</a> (UMNO)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Azimah Mohd Ali <br /> (died 2016) <br /> Wan Junaidah Wan Jusoh</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wales" title="University of Wales">University of Wales</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mohamed Salleh bin Abas</b> (<a href="/wiki/Jawi_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Jawi alphabet">Jawi</a>: محمد صالح بن عباس; ‎25 August 1929 – 16 January 2021) was a Malaysian judge and politician. He was a <a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Federal_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord President of the Federal Court">Lord President</a> of the Federal (then Supreme) Court of Malaysia.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was dismissed from his post during the <a href="/wiki/1988_Malaysian_constitutional_crisis" title="1988 Malaysian constitutional crisis">1988 Malaysian constitutional crisis</a>. This action was condemned internationally and widely considered to be the event that triggered a marked reduction in the independence of the <a href="/wiki/Courts_of_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Courts of Malaysia">Malaysian judiciary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Salleh was born in Kampung Raja, <a href="/wiki/Besut" class="mw-redirect" title="Besut">Besut</a>, Terengganu. He left in 1949 for the United Kingdom, where he graduated with a degree in law from the <a href="/wiki/Aberystwyth_University" title="Aberystwyth University">University of Wales, Aberystwyth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-biodata_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biodata-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1957 when he returned, he joined the legal service. He then served in <a href="/wiki/Kota_Baru" class="mw-redirect" title="Kota Baru">Kota Baru</a>, Kelantan as a <a href="/wiki/Magistrate" title="Magistrate">magistrate</a>. Soon after independence that same year, he was transferred to the national capital of <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a>, where he served as Deputy Public Prosecutor. He then returned to Britain to obtain a master's degree in international law and constitution at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>. He returned in 1962, upon which he was appointed state legal adviser and Deputy Public Prosecutor for both <a href="/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan" title="Negeri Sembilan">Negeri Sembilan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Melaka">Melaka</a>. He returned to Kuala Lumpur a year later, and served in a variety of posts under the Attorney-General, culminating in an appointment as Solicitor-General.<sup id="cite_ref-malaysiakini_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malaysiakini-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the age of 50, he wanted to retire but was persuaded otherwise by then Lord President of the Federal Court, <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Suffian_Mohamed_Hashim" title="Mohamed Suffian Mohamed Hashim">Tun Suffian Hashim</a>. Salleh was appointed a Federal Court judge instead. Although the work bored him, he continued. When Suffian retired in 1982 and was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Sultan_Azlan_Shah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan Azlan Shah">Raja Azlan Shah</a>, Salleh became Chief Justice of Malaya. However, within two years, the Sultan of <a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Perak</a> died. Raja Azlan was forced to resign to ascend the throne, and Salleh became Lord President in 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-malaysiakini_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malaysiakini-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During Salleh's tenure, the Federal Court became officially the highest court in the land.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previously, its decisions could have been appealed to the British <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Committee_of_the_Privy_Council" title="Judicial Committee of the Privy Council">Privy Council</a>, but due to concern over this colonial legacy, the link was officially cut.<sup id="cite_ref-malaysiakini_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malaysiakini-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Salleh later expressed regret over this, as he believed he might not have been fired had the link to the Privy Council been maintained.<sup id="cite_ref-malaysiakini_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malaysiakini-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1985, the Federal Court was renamed the Supreme Court.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Constitutional_crisis">Constitutional crisis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Constitutional crisis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1988_Malaysian_constitutional_crisis" title="1988 Malaysian constitutional crisis">1988 Malaysian constitutional crisis</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Malays National Organisation">United Malays National Organisation</a> (UMNO) was the major component party and leader of the governing <a href="/wiki/Barisan_Nasional" title="Barisan Nasional">Barisan Nasional</a> (BN) coalition, and its President presumably will become <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia" title="Prime Minister of Malaysia">Prime Minister of Malaysia</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/1987_United_Malays_National_Organisation_leadership_election" title="1987 United Malays National Organisation leadership election">1987 UMNO leadership election</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tengku_Razaleigh_Hamzah" title="Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah">Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah</a> had challenged the incumbent UMNO President and Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamad" title="Mahathir Mohamad">Mahathir Mohamad</a>, and was widely touted to win the Presidency. However, Mahathir won 761 votes to Razaleigh's 718 and remained President. Many of Razaleigh's supporters refused to accept this and argued that the election was tainted.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 12 UMNO members filed suit in the High Court, attempting to get a court order for new elections. As part of their evidence, they presented claims that 78 of the 1,479 delegates eligible to vote in the elections were illegal and that several documents involved in the election had been tampered with. Later, one of the 12 plaintiffs withdrew from the suit. Although Razaleigh was not involved in the case, it was widely believed he had been funding and supporting the suit.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 30 September 1987, the High Court gave the parties two weeks to reach a negotiated settlement. A "Unity Panel" was formed to negotiate between the Mahathir and Razaleigh camps, but it soon appeared the differences were interminable. Razaleigh's supporters wanted new elections held, while Mahathir's supporters insisted that the elections stand and that Razaleigh's camp accept a compromise "face-saving" solution. On 19 October, the plaintiffs announced the continuation of the suit.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mahathir, who had never been fond of the judiciary, began making heated statements about it at this time. Mahathir declared, "<i>The judiciary says, 'Although you passed a law with a certain thing in mind, we think that your mind is wrong, and we want to give our interpretation.' If we disagree, the courts will say, 'We will interpret your disagreement.' ... We know exactly what we want to do, but once we do it, it is interpreted in a different way.</i>" Mahathir also lambasted "black sheep ... who want to be ... fiercely independent" and play to public opinion. Soon after, nine judges sitting on the High Court were reassigned to different divisions; Justice Harun Hashim, who presided over the UMNO case, was transferred from appellate and special powers cases to commercial crimes. However, because the UMNO case was already in progress, his transfer did not take effect until the case closed. Harun later ruled that under the evidence presented, it was clear several UMNO delegates had come from unregistered branches of the party. In line with the law, he declared he was forced to declare UMNO an illegal society, and thereby dismissed the case of the plaintiffs. Mahathir soon formed a new party, UMNO Baru (New UMNO), to replace UMNO. Within a year, the suffix "Baru" was dropped, making it just plain "UMNO".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mahathir was upset with the judiciary's increasing independence, and in 1988, the government tabled a bill in <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Malaysia" title="Parliament of Malaysia">Parliament</a> to amend Articles 121 and 145 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Malaysia" title="Constitution of Malaysia">Constitution</a>. These amendments divested the courts of the "judicial power of the Federation", giving them only such power as Parliament might grant them. The Attorney-General was also empowered to determine the venues in which cases would be heard.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At this point, Salleh who was then <a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Supreme_Court" title="Lord President of the Supreme Court">Lord President of the Supreme Court</a>, began making strong statements about defending the autonomy of the judiciary. However, he did not name Mahathir and spoke in rather general terms. However, Salleh was pressured by his fellow judges into taking stronger action. He convened a meeting of all 20 federal judges in the national capital of Kuala Lumpur. They decided not to directly challenge Mahathir, and instead address a confidential letter to the <a href="/wiki/Yang_di-Pertuan_Agong" class="mw-redirect" title="Yang di-Pertuan Agong">Yang di-Pertuan Agong</a> (King) and the rulers of the various states. The letter stated, "<i>All of us are disappointed with the various comments and accusations made by the Honourable Prime Minister against the Judiciary, not only outside but within the Parliament.</i>" However, instead of calling for any direct action to be taken, the letter only stated the judges' "<i>hope that all those unfounded accusations will be stopped</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The King, <a href="/wiki/Sultan_Iskandar_of_Johor" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan Iskandar of Johor">Sultan Mahmud Iskandar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Johor" title="Johor">Johor</a>, back in 1973 when he was still the <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a> to the Johor throne had been prosecuted for <a href="/wiki/Sultan_Iskandar_of_Johor#Allegations_of_criminal_misconduct" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan Iskandar of Johor">criminal charges</a> by Salleh as the Public Prosecutor. Tunku Mahmud then was convicted and sentenced to six months in jail eventually.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not known what the King did upon receipt of the letter, but it appears he informed Mahathir, and that they agreed to take disciplinary action against Salleh Abas.<sup id="cite_ref-Aliran_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aliran-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Salleh, who had gone overseas soon after the letter was sent, was summoned by Mahathir upon his return. Salleh later claimed that at the meeting, Mahathir accused him of bias in the <a href="/wiki/UMNO" title="UMNO">UMNO</a> case,<sup id="cite_ref-Aliran_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aliran-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and demanded his resignation. Salleh was also immediately suspended from his post as Lord President. Although Salleh initially agreed, when he was later informed that his suspension was to be backdated so as to nullify some of his earlier actions in then-pending cases such as the UMNO case, he withdrew his resignation. The government then initiated <a href="/wiki/Impeachment" title="Impeachment">impeachment</a> proceedings against Salleh.<sup id="cite_ref-means_239_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-means_239-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Salleh later claimed that the government attempted to bribe him to resign.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Salleh was represented by <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Lester" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthony Lester">Anthony Lester</a>, QC, who objected to the tribunal's composition. It was argued Abdul Hamid had a vested interest in the case's outcome since if Salleh was impeached, he would remain Lord President. It was also claimed that the tribunal was improperly constituted because two of the judges were relatively junior and that the two foreign judges were from countries not noted for judicial independence. Salleh demanded to be tried by peers of equal standing – retired Lord presidents if need be. He also demanded that the tribunal make its hearings public. All of these claims were rejected by the tribunal, and Salleh withdrew from the proceedings.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Instead, Salleh asked the Supreme Court to stay the proceedings because of the tribunal's alleged improper constitution and because the King had been "wrongfully advised".<sup id="cite_ref-Aliran_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aliran-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Supreme Court, in an emergency session, unanimously ruled that the proceedings stay. Four days later, the <a href="/wiki/Yang_di-Pertuan_Agong" class="mw-redirect" title="Yang di-Pertuan Agong">Yang di-Pertuan Agong</a> suspended the five Supreme Court judges who had issued the order, on Mahathir's advice. The government announced that it would attempt to impeach those five judges as well for "gross misbehaviour" and conspiring "to make the order". This reduced the number of judges on the Supreme Court to four, with two of them also sitting on the tribunal. The government-appointed new judges to fill the void, who refused to hear any further motions by Salleh Abas. The tribunal eventually found Salleh guilty, and he was officially relieved of his position. Of the five judges who had supported him, two were convicted, and the other three were acquitted.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-conviction_and_politics_involvement">Post-conviction and politics involvement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Post-conviction and politics involvement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Soon after his dismissal in 1988, Salleh was conferred the "Darjah Pahlawan Yang Amat Gagah Perkasa (P.Y.G.P.)", by the <a href="/wiki/Sultan_of_Kelantan" title="Sultan of Kelantan">Sultan of Kelantan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PYGP_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PYGP-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Salleh contested the <a href="/wiki/1995_Malaysian_general_election" title="1995 Malaysian general election">1995 general election</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Lembah_Pantai" title="Lembah Pantai">Lembah Pantai</a> parliamentary constituency (an area in Kuala Lumpur which includes the neighbourhood of <a href="/wiki/Bangsar" title="Bangsar">Bangsar</a>) under the <a href="/wiki/Parti_Melayu_Semangat_46" title="Parti Melayu Semangat 46">Parti Melayu Semangat 46</a> (S46) ticket, and failed to be elected.<sup id="cite_ref-bernama_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bernama-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/1999_Malaysian_general_election" title="1999 Malaysian general election">1999 general election</a>, Salleh was elected as Terengganu State Assemblyman for the constituency of <a href="/wiki/Jertih_(state_constituency)" title="Jertih (state constituency)">Jertih</a> on the ticket of <a href="/wiki/Pan-Malaysian_Islamic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party">Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party</a> (PAS) which managed to form the new state government and had Salleh appointed as a <a href="/wiki/Terengganu_State_Executive_Council" title="Terengganu State Executive Council">Terengganu State Executive Councillor</a> (EXCO). However he did not run again in the <a href="/wiki/2004_Malaysian_general_election" title="2004 Malaysian general election">2004 general election</a> due to poor health.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_developments">Later developments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later developments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mahathir Mohamad stepped down from the premiership in 2003 and chose <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Ahmad_Badawi" title="Abdullah Ahmad Badawi">Abdullah Ahmad Badawi</a> to be his successor. In 2006, the relationship between the two became less than warm as Mahathir started to criticise the latter's policies. It was during this time when the first serious calls were made for a judicial review of the 1988 crisis. Among the loudest advocates of the review was Tun Salleh Abas himself. The administration however dismissed the calls. A minister in the Prime Minister's Department <a href="/wiki/Nazri_Aziz" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazri Aziz">Nazri Aziz</a>, who was then <i>de facto</i> Law Minister, said that he was not convinced of the need to review the case.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/2008_Malaysian_general_election" title="2008 Malaysian general election">2008 general election</a> which saw heavy losses for BN, Abdullah reshuffled his Cabinet. Within days of his appointment, new <i>de facto</i> Law Minister <a href="/wiki/Zaid_Ibrahim" title="Zaid Ibrahim">Zaid Ibrahim</a> stated that the government had to openly apologise for its handling of the crisis, calling it one of his three main goals: "In the eyes of the world, the judicial crisis has weakened our judiciary system."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he rejected the idea of reviewing the decision: "I am not suggesting that we re-open the case. I am saying that it's clear to everyone, to the world, that serious transgressions had been committed by the previous administration. And I believe that the prime minister is big enough and man enough to say that we had done wrong to these people and we are sorry."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Bar Council welcomed the proposal. Newly appointed Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs Minister <a href="/wiki/Shahrir_Abdul_Samad" title="Shahrir Abdul Samad">Shahrir Abdul Samad</a> also voiced support: "The Government has apologised for so many other things to the people, such as the untimely destruction of temples and other issues. So, why not an apology to a former Lord President?"<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia">COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia</a>, on 14 January 2021, Salleh had tested positive for <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> and was admitted to the <a href="/wiki/Intensive_care_unit" title="Intensive care unit">intensive care unit</a> (ICU) of Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital in <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Terengganu" title="Kuala Terengganu">Kuala Terengganu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Salleh died from COVID-19-complicated <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a> at 3.20 a.m. three days later, at the age of 91.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was laid to rest beside the grave of his first wife Toh Puan Azimah Mohd Ali at the Sheikh Ibrahim Muslim Cemetery in Jalan Pusara, Kuala Terengganu.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Election_results">Election results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Election results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"> <caption><b><a href="/wiki/Dewan_Rakyat" title="Dewan Rakyat">Parliament of Malaysia</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-election_results_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-election_results-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Constituency </th> <th colspan="2">Candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Pct </th> <th colspan="2">Opponent(s) </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Pct </th> <th>Ballots cast </th> <th>Majority </th> <th>Turnout </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1995_Malaysian_general_election" title="1995 Malaysian general election">1995</a> </td> <td><b>P109 <a href="/wiki/Lembah_Pantai_(federal_constituency)" title="Lembah Pantai (federal constituency)">Lembah Pantai</a></b> </td> <td style="background:#FFFF00"> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">Mohd Salleh Abas</span> (<a href="/wiki/Semangat_46" class="mw-redirect" title="Semangat 46">S46</a>) </td> <td align="right">10,058 </td> <td>29.60% </td> <td style="background:#B5BED9"> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Shahrizat_Abdul_Jalil" title="Shahrizat Abdul Jalil">Shahrizat Abdul Jalil</a></b></span> (<a href="/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Malays National Organisation"><b>UMNO</b></a>) </td> <td align="right"><b>23,447</b> </td> <td><b>68.99%</b> </td> <td>33,984 </td> <td>13,389 </td> <td>65.22% </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"> <caption><b><a href="/wiki/Terengganu_State_Legislative_Assembly" title="Terengganu State Legislative Assembly">Terengganu State Legislative Assembly</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-election_results_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-election_results-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Constituency </th> <th colspan="2">Candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Pct </th> <th colspan="2">Opponent(s) </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Pct </th> <th>Ballots cast </th> <th>Majority </th> <th>Turnout </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1999_Malaysian_state_elections" title="1999 Malaysian state elections">1999</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><b>N03 <a href="/wiki/Jertih_(state_constituency)" title="Jertih (state constituency)">Jertih</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#B2DBB2"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span class="nowrap"><b>Mohd Salleh Abas</b></span> (<a href="/wiki/Pan-Malaysian_Islamic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party"><b>PAS</b></a>) </td> <td rowspan="2" align="right"><b>5,075</b> </td> <td rowspan="2"><b>56.20%</b> </td> <td style="background:#B5BED9"> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">Ismail Muhammad</span> (<a href="/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Malays National Organisation">UMNO</a>) </td> <td align="right">3,611 </td> <td>39.99% </td> <td rowspan="2">9,030 </td> <td rowspan="2">1,464 </td> <td rowspan="2">78.58% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC"> </td> <td>Wan Mohammad Wan Ahmad (<a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">IND</a>) </td> <td align="right">66 </td> <td align="right">0.73% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honours_of_Malaysia">Honours of Malaysia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Honours of Malaysia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> : <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_(Defender_of_the_Realm)_-_SMN.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29_-_SMN.svg/50px-MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29_-_SMN.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29_-_SMN.svg/75px-MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29_-_SMN.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29_-_SMN.svg/100px-MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29_-_SMN.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Companion of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Defender_of_the_Realm#Companion" title="Order of the Defender of the Realm">Order of the Defender of the Realm</a> (JMN) (1966)<sup id="cite_ref-istiadat.gov.my_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-istiadat.gov.my-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_PSM.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_PSM.svg/50px-Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_PSM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_PSM.svg/75px-Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_PSM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_PSM.svg/100px-Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_PSM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia#Commander" title="Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia">Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia</a> (PSM) – <b>Tan Sri</b> (1971)<sup id="cite_ref-istiadat.gov.my_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-istiadat.gov.my-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_(Defender_of_the_Realm)-_PMN.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29-_PMN.svg/50px-MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29-_PMN.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29-_PMN.svg/75px-MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29-_PMN.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29-_PMN.svg/100px-MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_%28Defender_of_the_Realm%29-_PMN.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Defender_of_the_Realm#Commander" title="Order of the Defender of the Realm">Order of the Defender of the Realm</a> (PMN) – <b>Tan Sri</b> (1983)<sup id="cite_ref-istiadat.gov.my_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-istiadat.gov.my-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_SSM.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_SSM.svg/50px-Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_SSM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_SSM.svg/75px-Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_SSM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_SSM.svg/100px-Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_SSM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Grand Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia" title="Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia">Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia</a> (SSM) – <b>Tun</b> (1985)<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Kelantan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kelantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Kelantan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kelantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Kelantan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kelantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kelantan" title="Kelantan">Kelantan</a> : <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MY-KEL_Order_of_the_Most_Distinguished_and_Most_Valiant_Warrior_-_PYGP.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/MY-KEL_Order_of_the_Most_Distinguished_and_Most_Valiant_Warrior_-_PYGP.svg/50px-MY-KEL_Order_of_the_Most_Distinguished_and_Most_Valiant_Warrior_-_PYGP.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/MY-KEL_Order_of_the_Most_Distinguished_and_Most_Valiant_Warrior_-_PYGP.svg/75px-MY-KEL_Order_of_the_Most_Distinguished_and_Most_Valiant_Warrior_-_PYGP.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/MY-KEL_Order_of_the_Most_Distinguished_and_Most_Valiant_Warrior_-_PYGP.svg/100px-MY-KEL_Order_of_the_Most_Distinguished_and_Most_Valiant_Warrior_-_PYGP.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Kelantan" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Kelantan">Order of the Most Distinguished and Most Valiant Warrior</a> (PYGP) (1988)<sup id="cite_ref-PYGP_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PYGP-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Terengganu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Terengganu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Terengganu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Terengganu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Terengganu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Terengganu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Terengganu" title="Terengganu">Terengganu</a> : <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg/50px-MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg/75px-MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg/100px-MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Companion of the <a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Terengganu#Setia_Mahkota_Terengganu" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Terengganu">Order of the Crown of Terengganu</a> (SMT) (1963)<sup id="cite_ref-biodata_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biodata-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_Dato_Paduka_-_DPMT.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_Dato_Paduka_-_DPMT.svg/50px-MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_Dato_Paduka_-_DPMT.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_Dato_Paduka_-_DPMT.svg/75px-MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_Dato_Paduka_-_DPMT.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_Dato_Paduka_-_DPMT.svg/100px-MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_Dato_Paduka_-_DPMT.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Knight Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu" title="Order of the Crown of Terengganu">Order of the Crown of Terengganu</a> (DPMT) – <b>Dato'</b> (1968)<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg/50px-MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg/75px-MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg/100px-MY-TER_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu_-_SPMT_-_SMT_-_AMT.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Knight Grand Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu" title="Order of the Crown of Terengganu">Order of the Crown of Terengganu</a> (SPMT) – <b>Dato'</b> (1983)<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deaths_due_to_COVID-19" title="List of deaths due to COVID-19">List of deaths due to COVID-19</a> - notable individual deaths</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.malaysianbar.org.my/selected_judgements/tun_dato_haji_mohamed_salleh_bin_abas_v_tan_sri_dato_abdul_hamid_bin_omar_ors_1988_sc.html?date=2007-01-01">Tun Dato Haji Mohamed Salleh Bin Abas v Tan Sri Dato Abdul Hamid Bin Omar & Ors 1988 [SC]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKua_Kia_Soong2018" class="citation web cs1">Kua Kia Soong (5 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/opinion/2018/01/05/world-jurists-condemned-mahathir-for-sacking-tun-salleh/">"World jurists condemned Mahathir for sacking Tun Salleh"</a>. Free Malaysia Today<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+jurists+condemned+Mahathir+for+sacking+Tun+Salleh&rft.pub=Free+Malaysia+Today&rft.date=2018-01-05&rft.au=Kua+Kia+Soong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.freemalaysiatoday.com%2Fcategory%2Fopinion%2F2018%2F01%2F05%2Fworld-jurists-condemned-mahathir-for-sacking-tun-salleh%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-biodata-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-biodata_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-biodata_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210120105022/https://as-salihin.com/en/tun-dato-dr-haji-mohd-salleh-abas/">"Tun Dato' Dr. Haji Mohd Salleh Abas"</a>. as-Salihin Trustee Berhad. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://as-salihin.com/en/tun-dato-dr-haji-mohd-salleh-abas/">the original</a> on 20 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tun+Dato%27+Dr.+Haji+Mohd+Salleh+Abas&rft.pub=as-Salihin+Trustee+Berhad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fas-salihin.com%2Fen%2Ftun-dato-dr-haji-mohd-salleh-abas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-malaysiakini-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-malaysiakini_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-malaysiakini_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-malaysiakini_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-malaysiakini_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Aziz, Arfa'eza A (1 July 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.malaysiakini.com/opinionsfeatures/20020701004596.php">Former Lord President did it his way, too</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051018072143/http://www.malaysiakini.com/opinionsfeatures/20020701004596.php">Archived</a> 18 October 2005 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Malaysiakini" title="Malaysiakini">Malaysiakini</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bernama.com/bm/am/news.php?id=1922641">"Jasa Tun Salleh Abas dikenang pengamal undang-undang negara"</a>. Kuala Lumpur: Bernama. 16 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Jasa+Tun+Salleh+Abas+dikenang+pengamal+undang-undang+negara&rft.date=2021-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bernama.com%2Fbm%2Fam%2Fnews.php%3Fid%3D1922641&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110709144745/http://www.kehakiman.gov.my/courts/maljudiciary.shtml">"The Malaysian Judiciary"</a>. Federal Court of Malaysia. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kehakiman.gov.my/courts/maljudiciary.shtml">the original</a> on 9 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Malaysian+Judiciary&rft.pub=Federal+Court+of+Malaysia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kehakiman.gov.my%2Fcourts%2Fmaljudiciary.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, Gordon P. (1991). <i>Malaysian Politics: The Second Generation</i>, p. 204. Oxford University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-588988-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-588988-8">978-0-19-588988-8</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 206, 215.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 215–216.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 216–219, 225, 230.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, p. 237.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, p. 238.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Abas, Mohamed Salleh bin, <i>May Day for Justice: The Lord President's Version</i>, Magnus Books, 1989, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/983-9631-00-4" title="Special:BookSources/983-9631-00-4">983-9631-00-4</a>, pg 314</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aliran-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aliran_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aliran_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aliran_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aliran.com/towering-msians/mahathirs-1988-showdown-with-salleh-abas/">"Behind closed doors: Mahathir's 1988 showdown with Salleh Abas"</a>. Aliran. 16 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Behind+closed+doors%3A+Mahathir%27s+1988+showdown+with+Salleh+Abas&rft.pub=Aliran&rft.date=2021-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faliran.com%2Ftowering-msians%2Fmahathirs-1988-showdown-with-salleh-abas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-means_239-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-means_239_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, p. 239.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aziz, Arfa'eza A (1 July 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/12018">They tried bribing me to leave judiciary quietly: Salleh Abas</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Malaysiakini" title="Malaysiakini">Malaysiakini</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, pp. 239–240.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Means, p. 240–242.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PYGP-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PYGP_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PYGP_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4VlPAAAAIBAJ&dq=Tun+Salleh+Abas&pg=PA2&article_id=4110,1786932">"Kelantan award for Tun Salleh"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_Straits_Times" title="New Straits Times">New Straits Times</a></i>. 24 August 1988. p. 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Kelantan+award+for+Tun+Salleh&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1988-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4VlPAAAAIBAJ%26dq%3DTun%2BSalleh%2BAbas%26pg%3DPA2%26article_id%3D4110%2C1786932&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bernama-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bernama_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051123033809/http://www.bernama.com/election2004/news.php?id=53953">"Opposition Win Will Only Bring A Day of Happiness For Voters"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bernama" title="Bernama">Bernama</a>. 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bernama.com/election2004/news.php?id=53953">the original</a> on 23 November 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Opposition+Win+Will+Only+Bring+A+Day+of+Happiness+For+Voters&rft.date=2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bernama.com%2Felection2004%2Fnews.php%3Fid%3D53953&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mca.org.my/story.asp?file=/articles/news/2004/3/6/22375.html&sec=In+The+News">PAS expected to retain almost all assemblymen</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070311191010/http://mca.org.my/story.asp?file=%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F2004%2F3%2F6%2F22375.html&sec=In+The+News">Archived</a> 11 March 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (6 March 2004). <i><a href="/wiki/BERNAMA" class="mw-redirect" title="BERNAMA">BERNAMA</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lisa Goh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2006/9/12/nation/15405219&sec=nation">Nazri: I'm not convinced of need to review 1988 crisis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090213212944/http://www.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2006%2F9%2F12%2Fnation%2F15405219&sec=nation">Archived</a> 13 February 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Star_(Malaysia)" title="The Star (Malaysia)">The Star</a>. 12 September 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcIntyre2008" class="citation news cs1">McIntyre, Ian (23 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080409212804/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2008%2F3%2F23%2Fnation%2F20730100&sec=nation">"Zaid: Govt has to apologise to victims of 1988 judicial crisis"</a>. <i>The Star</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/3/23/nation/20730100&sec=nation">the original</a> on 9 April 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Star&rft.atitle=Zaid%3A+Govt+has+to+apologise+to+victims+of+1988+judicial+crisis&rft.date=2008-03-23&rft.aulast=McIntyre&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com.my%2Fnews%2Fstory.asp%3Ffile%3D%2F2008%2F3%2F23%2Fnation%2F20730100%26sec%3Dnation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080326155836/http://themalaysianinsider.com/mni/healing-the-judiciary-first-serious-move-in-20-years-welcomed-by-bar-council.html">"Healing the judiciary – first serious move in 20 years welcomed by Bar Council"</a>. <i>The Malaysian Insider</i>. 23 March 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://themalaysianinsider.com/mni/healing-the-judiciary-first-serious-move-in-20-years-welcomed-by-bar-council.html">the original</a> on 26 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Malaysian+Insider&rft.atitle=Healing+the+judiciary+%E2%80%93+first+serious+move+in+20+years+welcomed+by+Bar+Council&rft.date=2008-03-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthemalaysianinsider.com%2Fmni%2Fhealing-the-judiciary-first-serious-move-in-20-years-welcomed-by-bar-council.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080919000512/http://www.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2008%2F3%2F24%2Fnation%2F20733676&sec=nation">"Bar Council backs Salleh apology move"</a>. <i>The Star</i>. 24 March 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/3/24/nation/20733676&sec=nation">the original</a> on 19 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Star&rft.atitle=Bar+Council+backs+Salleh+apology+move&rft.date=2008-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com.my%2Fnews%2Fstory.asp%3Ffile%3D%2F2008%2F3%2F24%2Fnation%2F20733676%26sec%3Dnation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDebra_Chong2021" class="citation news cs1">Debra Chong (16 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.malaymail.com/amp/news/malaysia/2021/01/16/salleh-abas-former-lord-president-dies-after-warded-for-covid-19/1940962">"Salleh Abas, former Lord President, dies after warded for Covid-19"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Malay_Mail" title="Malay Mail">Malay Mail</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Salleh+Abas%2C+former+Lord+President%2C+dies+after+warded+for+Covid-19&rft.date=2021-01-16&rft.au=Debra+Chong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.malaymail.com%2Famp%2Fnews%2Fmalaysia%2F2021%2F01%2F16%2Fsalleh-abas-former-lord-president-dies-after-warded-for-covid-19%2F1940962&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/tun-salleh-abas-meninggal-dunia-278039">"Tun Salleh Abas meninggal dunia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Astro_Awani" title="Astro Awani">Astro Awani</a></i> (in Malay). 16 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hmetro.com&rft.atitle=Tun+Salleh+Abas+meninggal+dunia&rft.date=2021-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hmetro.com.my%2Fmutakhir%2F2021%2F01%2F664688%2Ftun-salleh-abas-meninggal-dunia%23utm_source%3Dinsider%26webPushId%3DOTA4OA%3D%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bernama.com/en/general/news.php?id=1922542">"Former Lord President Salleh Abas laid to rest"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bernama" title="Bernama">Bernama</a></i>. 16 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bernama&rft.atitle=Former+Lord+President+Salleh+Abas+laid+to+rest&rft.date=2021-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bernama.com%2Fen%2Fgeneral%2Fnews.php%3Fid%3D1922542&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2021/01/16/former-lord-president-salleh-abas-laid-to-rest-in-terengganu/1941019">"Former Lord President Salleh Abas laid to rest in Terengganu"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Malay_Mail" title="Malay Mail">Malay Mail</a></i>. 16 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Malay+Mail&rft.atitle=Former+Lord+President+Salleh+Abas+laid+to+rest+in+Terengganu&rft.date=2021-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.malaymail.com%2Fnews%2Fmalaysia%2F2021%2F01%2F16%2Fformer-lord-president-salleh-abas-laid-to-rest-in-terengganu%2F1941019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2021/01/776737/jenazah-bekas-ketua-hakim-negara-tun-salleh-abas-selamat-dikebumikan">"Jenazah Bekas Ketua Hakim Negara Tun Salleh Abas selamat dikebumikan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Berita_Harian" class="mw-redirect" title="Berita Harian">Berita Harian</a></i> (in Malay). 16 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Berita+Harian&rft.atitle=Jenazah+Bekas+Ketua+Hakim+Negara+Tun+Salleh+Abas+selamat+dikebumikan&rft.date=2021-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bharian.com.my%2Fberita%2Fnasional%2F2021%2F01%2F776737%2Fjenazah-bekas-ketua-hakim-negara-tun-salleh-abas-selamat-dikebumikan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-election_results-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-election_results_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-election_results_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://semak.spr.gov.my/spr/laporan/5_KedudukanAkhir.php">"Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Parlimen/Dewan Undangan Negeri"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_Malaysia" title="Election Commission of Malaysia">Election Commission of Malaysia</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Keputusan+Pilihan+Raya+Umum+Parlimen%2FDewan+Undangan+Negeri&rft.pub=Election+Commission+of+Malaysia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsemak.spr.gov.my%2Fspr%2Flaporan%2F5_KedudukanAkhir.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span> Percentage figures based on total turnout.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-istiadat.gov.my-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-istiadat.gov.my_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-istiadat.gov.my_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-istiadat.gov.my_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.istiadat.gov.my/semakan-penerima-darjah-kebesaran-bintang-dan-pingat/">"Semakan Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat"</a>. <i>Bahagian Istiadat dan Urusetia Persidangan Antarabangsa</i>. <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Department_(Malaysia)" title="Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia)">Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia)</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bahagian+Istiadat+dan+Urusetia+Persidangan+Antarabangsa&rft.atitle=Semakan+Penerima+Darjah+Kebesaran%2C+Bintang+dan+Pingat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.istiadat.gov.my%2Fsemakan-penerima-darjah-kebesaran-bintang-dan-pingat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.istiadat.gov.my/v8/images/stories/senarai_darjah_kebesara_negeri/1985.pdf">"Senarai Penuh Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 1985"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Senarai+Penuh+Penerima+Darjah+Kebesaran%2C+Bintang+dan+Pingat+Persekutuan+Tahun+1985.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.istiadat.gov.my%2Fv8%2Fimages%2Fstories%2Fsenarai_darjah_kebesara_negeri%2F1985.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/beritaharian19680627-1.2.67">"Empat dapat gelaran Dato di-Trengganu"</a>. <i>Berita Harian</i>. 27 June 1968. p. 7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Berita+Harian&rft.atitle=Empat+dapat+gelaran+Dato+di-Trengganu&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1968-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feresources.nlb.gov.sg%2Fnewspapers%2FDigitised%2FArticle%2Fberitaharian19680627-1.2.67&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EwROAAAAIBAJ&dq=Terengganu+honours+list&pg=PA6&article_id=6798,5900889"><i>294 on Sultan's honours list</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Straits_Times" title="New Straits Times">New Straits Times</a>. 29 April 1983.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=294+on+Sultan%27s+honours+list&rft.pub=New+Straits+Times&rft.date=1983-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEwROAAAAIBAJ%26dq%3DTerengganu%2Bhonours%2Blist%26pg%3DPA6%26article_id%3D6798%2C5900889&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalleh+Abas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Barbarism to Verdict: A History of the Common Law</i> (Harper Collins, 1994) by <a href="/wiki/Justin_Fleming_(author)" title="Justin Fleming (author)">Justin Fleming</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salleh_Abas&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091027014800/http://geocities.com/CapitolHill/Congress/5544/">May Day for Justice</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 27 October 2009). A book by Tun Salleh Abas.</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Raja_Azlan_Shah" class="mw-redirect" title="Raja Azlan Shah">Raja Azlan Shah</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Supreme_Court" title="Lord President of the Supreme Court">Lord President of the Supreme Court</a> </b><br />1984–1988 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Omar" title="Abdul Hamid Omar">Abdul Hamid Omar</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grand_Commander_of_the_Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia" title="Template:Grand Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grand_Commander_of_the_Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia" title="Template talk:Grand Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grand_Commander_of_the_Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grand Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grand_Commanders_of_the_Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Grand Commanders of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia" title="Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia">Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grand Commanders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Abdul_Rahman" title="Ismail Abdul Rahman">Ismail Abdul Rahman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Tan_Siew_Sin" title="Tan Siew Sin">Tan Siew Sin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/V._T._Sambanthan" title="V. T. Sambanthan">V. T. Sambanthan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Syed_Sheh_Barakbah" title="Syed Sheh Barakbah">Syed Sheh Barakbah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Azmi_Mohamed" title="Mohamed Azmi Mohamed">Mohamed Azmi Mohamed</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Salleh_Ismael" title="Mohamed Salleh Ismael">Mohamed Salleh Ismael</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Suffian_Mohamed_Hashim" title="Mohamed Suffian Mohamed Hashim">Mohamed Suffian Mohamed Hashim</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Rahah_Noah" title="Rahah Noah">Rahah Noah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Ong_Yoke_Lin" title="Ong Yoke Lin">Omar Yoke Lin Ong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Mohd_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Ismail Mohd Ali">Ismail Mohd Ali</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/Jugah_Barieng" title="Jugah Barieng">Jugah Barieng</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Syed_Nasir_Ismail" title="Syed Nasir Ismail">Syed Nasir Ismail</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Azlan_Shah_of_Perak" title="Azlan Shah of Perak">Raja Azlan Shah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salleh Abas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Zaidi_Adruce" title="Ahmad Zaidi Adruce">Ahmad Zaidi Adruce</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Syed_Ahmad_Shahabuddin" title="Syed Ahmad Shahabuddin">Syed Ahmad Shahabuddin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Omar" title="Abdul Hamid Omar">Abdul Hamid Omar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Suhailah_Noah" title="Suhailah Noah">Suhailah Noah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Daim_Zainuddin" title="Daim Zainuddin">Daim Zainuddin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Lim_Chong_Eu" title="Lim Chong Eu">Lim Chong Eu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Raja_Mohar" title="Raja Mohar">Raja Mohar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Hanif_Omar" title="Mohammed Hanif Omar">Mohammed Hanif Omar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Ghafar_Baba" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghafar Baba">Ghafar Baba</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Eusoff_Chin" class="mw-redirect" title="Eusoff Chin">Eusoff Chin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Zahir_Ismail" title="Mohamed Zahir Ismail">Mohamed Zahir Ismail</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Ismail_(general)" title="Ibrahim Ismail (general)">Ibrahim Ismail</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/Sulaiman_Ninam_Shah" title="Sulaiman Ninam Shah">Sulaiman Ninam Shah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Dzaiddin_Abdullah" title="Mohamed Dzaiddin Abdullah">Mohamed Dzaiddin Abdullah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Mohd_Salleh" title="Abdullah Mohd Salleh">Abdullah Mohd Salleh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Fatimah_Hashim" title="Fatimah Hashim">Fatimah Hashim</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Siti_Hasmah_Mohamad_Ali" title="Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali">Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Ling_Liong_Sik" title="Ling Liong Sik">Ling Liong Sik</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Fairuz_Abdul_Halim" title="Ahmad Fairuz Abdul Halim">Ahmad Fairuz Abdul Halim</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Ghazali_Shafie" title="Ghazali Shafie">Ghazali Shafie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Musa_Hitam" title="Musa Hitam">Musa Hitam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Mohamad" title="Abdul Hamid Mohamad">Abdul Hamid Mohamad</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Sarji_Abdul_Hamid" title="Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid">Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Lim_Keng_Yaik" title="Lim Keng Yaik">Lim Keng Yaik</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Endon_Mahmood" title="Endon Mahmood">Endon Mahmood</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Abdullah" title="Jeanne Abdullah">Jeanne Abdullah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Zaki_Azmi" title="Zaki Azmi">Zaki Azmi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Azizan_Zainul_Abidin" title="Azizan Zainul Abidin">Azizan Zainul Abidin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Ayub" title="Abdullah Ayub">Abdullah Ayub</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/Arifin_Zakaria" title="Arifin Zakaria">Arifin Zakaria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Chen_Wing_Sum" title="Michael Chen Wing Sum">Michael Chen Wing Sum</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Md_Raus_Sharif" class="mw-redirect" title="Md Raus Sharif">Md Raus Sharif</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Samy_Vellu" title="Samy Vellu">Samy Vellu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Tengku_Maimun_Tuan_Mat" title="Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat">Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Arshad_Ayub_(educator)" title="Arshad Ayub (educator)">Arshad Ayub</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Malanjum" title="Richard Malanjum">Richard Malanjum</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2021: Raja Muhammad Alias Raja Muhammad Ali</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Hashim_Mohd_Ali" title="Mohamed Hashim Mohd Ali">Mohamed Hashim Mohd Ali</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Honorary Grand Commanders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lee_Tong_Won&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lee Tong Won (page does not exist)">Lee Tong Won</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Dawee_Chullasapya" title="Dawee Chullasapya">Dawee Chullasapya</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Ardeshir_Zahedi" title="Ardeshir Zahedi">Ardeshir Zahedi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Habib_Bourguiba" title="Habib Bourguiba">Habib Bourguiba</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Maraden_Panggabean" title="Maraden Panggabean">Maraden Panggabean</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Hamengkubuwono_IX" title="Hamengkubuwono IX">Hamengkubuwono IX</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Charteris" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Charteris">Martin Charteris</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prasert_Ruchirawongse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prasert Ruchirawongse (page does not exist)">Prasert Ruchirawongse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Bhanubandhu_Yugala" title="Bhanubandhu Yugala">Bhanubandhu Yugala</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Chatichai_Choonhavan" title="Chatichai Choonhavan">Chatichai Choonhavan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/George_David_Woods" title="George David Woods">George David Woods</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Kris_Sivara" title="Kris Sivara">Kris Sivara</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaeng_Senanarong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swaeng Senanarong (page does not exist)">Swaeng Senanarong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serm_Na_Nakorn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serm Na Nakorn (page does not exist)">Serm Na Nakorn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Abdullah of Saudi Arabia">Abdullah Abdulaziz Al Saud</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Puri_Purini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Puri Purini (page does not exist)">Antonio Puri Purini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Franco_Frattini" title="Franco Frattini">Franco Frattini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Gifuni" title="Gaetano Gifuni">Gaetano Gifuni</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Sirindhorn" title="Sirindhorn">Sirindhorn</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/21px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/42px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Malaysia" title="Portal:Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/19px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/29px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/38px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balance,_by_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/21px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/32px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/41px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="558" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Law" title="Portal:Law">Law</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7404974#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7404974#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7404974#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000100830088">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/8796269">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/184955/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJt433RWD7wgbY6gDxCvpP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/112258301X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84183639">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p074977555">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1175381">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td 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