Julian De Freitas - Faculty & Research - Harvard Business School

<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en"> <head runat="server"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/> <title>Julian De Freitas - Faculty & Research - Harvard Business School</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://webassets.hbs.edu/libs/framework/1.0/css/framework-async.min.css?v=1.0"><script>var MTIProjectId='7104cb2a-976d-4c0f-803f-1a83c9190762';</script><script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://webassets.hbs.edu/libs/framework/1.0/js/mtiFontTrackingCode.js"></script><meta name="HBSSearchUrl" content="/faculty/Pages/search.aspx"><meta name="PageBuildDateTime" content="2025-02-25 05:44:45 AM on "><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><link rel="icon" href="https://webassets.hbs.edu/sites/home/favicon.ico"> <style>a[href*="TOFIX" i],a[href*="TODO" i] { background-color: yellow; } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active) { .universal-banner-search-toggle svg {margin-top: -6px;} } .universal-banner-search { min-width: 400px; position: relative; } .universal-banner-menu-toggle { padding:6px; cursor: pointer; } .universal-banner-search-toggle { position: absolute; top: -9px; right: 10px; width: 50px; height: 49px; padding-top: 13px; padding-left: 2px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; box-sizing: border-box; transition: all .3s cubic-bezier(0.5, 0, 0.1, 1) ; } .universal-banner-search-toggle svg { cursor: pointer; display:block; transition: all .3s cubic-bezier(0.5, 0, 0.1, 1) ; } .universal-banner-search-toggle.toggled { background-color: #a41034; transform: scale(0.65); } .universal-banner-search-toggle.toggled svg { transform: scale(0.9) rotate(-45deg) !important; } .universal-banner-search-input { xoverflow: hidden; xposition: relative; width:269px; } .universal-banner-search-input .universal-site-search-button { display:none; } .universal-banner-search-input .slide { transition: .3s opacity, .3s transform, 0s visibility 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.5, 0, 0.1, 1); xtransform: translateX(310px); opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; } .universal-banner-search-input.open .slide { transition: .3s opacity, .3s transform cubic-bezier(0.5, 0, 0.1, 1); xtransform: translateX(0); opacity: 1; visibility: visible; } .universal-banner .hbs-logo { padding: 8px 0px; } @media (max-width: 919px) and (min-width: 651px) {.responsive-framework .site-header .site-header-button { margin-left: 10px !important; margin-top: 25px !important; } .site-header .universal-banner-hamburger { position:relative; top:2px; left:2px; } .universal-banner-hamburger span { background: #000!important; } .universal-banner .hbs-logo img { height: 52px; } } .universal-banner-hamburger { width: 23px; height: 25px; position: relative; } @media (max-width: 650px) { .responsive-framework .site-header .site-header-button { margin-left: 10px !important; margin-top: 25px !important; } .universal-banner .hbs-logo { padding: 5px 0px; display: flex; justify-content: center; } .universal-banner .hbs-logo img { height: 42px; width: 99px; }.site-header .universal-banner-hamburger { height: 22px; width: 22px; position: relative; left: 4px; } .site-header .universal-banner-hamburger span { height: 3px; } .site-header .universal-banner-hamburger span:nth-child(1) { top: 2px; } .site-header .universal-banner-hamburger span:nth-child(2) { top: 9px; } .site-header .universal-banner-hamburger span:nth-child(3) { top: 16px; } .universal-banner-search-icon svg { width: 39px !important; } .universal-banner-hamburger span { background: #000!important; } } .universal-banner-hamburger span { display: block; position: absolute; height: 4px; width: 100%; background: #FFF; opacity: 1; left: 0; transform: rotate(0deg); transition: .3s cubic-bezier(0.5, 0, 0.1, 1) ; } .universal-banner-hamburger span:nth-child(1) { top: 0px; transform-origin: left center; } .universal-banner-hamburger span:nth-child(2) { top: 8px; transform-origin: left center; } .universal-banner-hamburger span:nth-child(3) { top: 16px; transform-origin: left center; } .universal-banner-hamburger.open span:nth-child(1) { transform: rotate(45deg); } .universal-banner-hamburger.open span:nth-child(2) { width: 0%; opacity: 0; } .universal-banner-hamburger.open span:nth-child(3) { transform: rotate(-45deg); } .skipto.hideme:focus { left: 0px; top: 0px; background-color: white; padding: 6px; width: auto; height: auto; } body:not(.user-is-tabbing) #skipto-main:focus { outline: none; } .above-nav-header .navbar>li:first-child>a { border-left: 1px rgba(255,255,255,0.4) solid; } .above-nav-header .navbar>li:last-child>a { border-right: 1px rgba(255,255,255,0.4) solid; } @media (max-width: 919px) and (min-width: 651px) { header.site-header.above-nav-header .site-header-button { margin-top: 6px!important; margin-bottom: 6px!important; } } .slider-container.slider-open .slider-open[aria-expanded=false] { opacity: 0.3; } .slider-container .btn-glass.slider-open { background-color: transparent !important; } ul.navbar.four li a {padding: 4px 80px 3px 80px!important;} ul.navbar.four li.nav-downloads a {padding: 4px 10px 3px 10px!important;} ul.navbar.four li a.active {padding: 4px 80px!important;} .component-framework .btn-glass.site-header-button {border:0;}.navbar li.nav-downloads{width: 260px; text-align: center;} .navbar .nav-downloads:hover {background: black;} .navbar .nav-downloads:hover > a {border-left:none;} .nav-downloads:hover > a.dropdown-toggle2 span.icon-expand {background-position: -240px -80px !important;} .navbar .nav-downloads:hover > .menu-head, .navbar .nav-downloads.active a {color: white!important;} .navbar li.nav-downloads li{ text-align: left; } .navbar > li.nav-downloads > ul.dropdown-menu2 li a{ margin: 1px 8px;padding: 6px 8px!important; } .navbar > li.nav-downloads .dropdown-menu2 > li.divider { min-width: 100px; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; } .navbar .dropdown-container2.nav-downloads > a:hover {text-decoration: none;} .navbar li.nav-downloads ul.dropdown-menu2 li a.hover { color: black!important; } .navbar .dropdown-container2.nav-downloads > a > span {margin-left: 10px;} .navbar .dropdown-container2.nav-downloads {position: relative !important;} .navbar .dropdown-container2.nav-downloads .dropdown-menu2 {position: absolute; top:38px !important;left:-1px;min-width:254px!important;} .navbar .dropdown-container2.nav-downloads.active {background-color: black;} .nav-downloads.active a.menu-head span.icon-expand {background-position: -240px -80px;} #flyout-navigation a.dropdown-toggle2 {padding-left: 0 !important;} #flyout-navigation a.dropdown-toggle2 .icon-expand {margin-left: 11px;} .flyout-panel .flyout-padding li a.dropdown-toggle2 {display:none;} @media (max-width: 1220px) and (min-width: 920px) { .site-header h1.gamma-uc.tablet-shrink { font-size: 28px!important; } .site-header h1.tablet-shrink + nav .toolbar > li > a { padding: 4px 4px 0 4px!important; } }@media (max-width: 650px) { .universal-banner-search-icon { height: 24px!important; padding-left: 10px; } .responsive-framework.pattern-framework .site-header .gamma-uc a.white.black-bg { box-shadow: 10px 0 0 black, 0px 0 0 black; padding-right: 0px; } } #sticky-header { position: fixed; overflow: hidden; background-color: inherit; height: 0; top:0!important; left:0; right:0; z-index: 110; transform: translate3d(0,0,0); transition: height .3s cubic-bezier(0.5, 0, 0.1, 1) ; } #sticky-header > div.wrapper { position: absolute; bottom:0; left:0; right:0; } #sticky-header.at-scroll-top { display: none; } .sticky-header-active .facetctrl-sticky.active, .sticky-header-active .filter-sticky.fixed { transition: margin .3s cubic-bezier(0.5, 0, 0.1, 1) ; } .sticky-header-expanded .facetctrl-sticky.active { margin-top:98px; } @media (max-width: 650px) { .sticky-header-expanded .filter-sticky.fixed { margin-top:98px; } .sticky-header-expanded .facetctrl-sticky.active { margin-top:98px; } } @media (min-width: 651px) and (max-width: 919px) { .sticky-header-expanded .filter-sticky.fixed { margin-top:118px; } .sticky-header-expanded .facetctrl-sticky.active { margin-top:113px; } } .sticky-header-active .universal-banner.sticky-header-cloned, .sticky-header-active .sticky-header-cloned .site-header-button { visibility: hidden; } @media screen and (min-width: 920px) { .body-layout { margin-left: 20px; } } .page-header h2.alpha.no-margin { margin-bottom: 0px!important; } .page-header .tagline a { text-decoration: underline; } .page-header .tagline a:hover { text-decoration: none; } @media (max-width: 650px) { .page-header .podcast-avatar-head div { position: relative!important; top: 0!important; } } .accordian.profile-tabs dt{ border-top: 4px solid #dadada !important; } .accordian.profile-tabs{ border-bottom: 4px solid #dadada !important; } .accordian.profile-tabs .accordian-kappa{ font: normal 19px 'Trade Gothic W01 Bold 2',Arial,Helvetica,Verdana,sans-serif;text-transform: uppercase; } .accordian.profile-tabs .icon-accordian-expand,.accordian.profile-tabs .icon-accordian-collapse { background-image: none; } .accordian.profile-tabs dt { background-image: url('http://www.hbs.edu/shared/images/mobile/mobile-accordian-arrow-down.png'); background-position: 100% 50% !important; background-repeat: no-repeat; } .accordian.profile-tabs dt.open { background-image: url('http://www.hbs.edu/shared/images/mobile/mobile-accordian-arrow-up.png'); background-position: 100% 50% !important; background-repeat: no-repeat; } .mobile-in-the-news h3{ display:none; } .profile-section-top-left, .profile-section-top-right{ margin-top: -40px; } @media (max-width: 918px) { .profile-section-top-left, .profile-section-top-right{ margin-top: 0px; } } .page-tabs a{color: white !important; margin: 0 3px -1px 0 !important;} .page-tabs a.current{ background-color:white !important; color: black !important; } .tabcontent{ display:none; } .tabcontent.current{ display: inherit; } .row .left-spacer { padding-left: 20px; box-sizing: border-box; } @media (max-width: 919px) and (min-width: 651px) {.tablet-row.tablet-fix .tablet-span6:nth-child(2n +1) { margin-left: 0px; } } @media (max-width: 919px) { .row .left-spacer { padding-left: 0px; } } .more a {text-decoration:underline;} .more a:hover {text-decoration:none;}@media print { .profile-details .tablet-hidden.mobile-hidden, .profile-details .span3.sidebar, .profile-details .page-tabs-container, footer .social-grid, .ms-Fabric.ms-Layer-content.content-84 {display:none !important;} .profile-details .tablet-visible.mobile-visible, .profile-details .accordian.profile-tabs dd {display:block !important;overflow:visible !important;} .component-framework dl.accordian dd {position:static !important;margin-bottom:20px;} } .universal-footer .universal-footer-copyright ul.footer-links li { margin: 0px 11px; } .universal-footer .universal-footer-copyright ul.footer-links li:first-child { margin-left: 0px; } .universal-footer .universal-footer-copyright ul.footer-links li:last-child { margin-right: 0px; } @media (max-width: 670px) { .universal-footer .universal-footer-copyright ul.footer-links { display:flex; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; } .universal-footer .universal-footer-copyright ul.footer-links li { padding-bottom: 12px; } .universal-footer .universal-footer-copyright ul.footer-links li:first-child { margin-left: 11px; } .universal-footer .universal-footer-copyright ul.footer-links li:last-child { margin-right: 11px; } } .button-partial .button { display: inline-block; padding: 3px 18px; text-decoration: none; } .button-partial .button .hbsred-onhover-border { border:2px solid #A41034; } .button-partial svg { padding-top: 2px; padding-right: 8px; vertical-align: top; } ;</style> </head> <body class="expanded-grid-framework"> <header aria-label="Universal HBS Header" role="banner"><a href="#skipto-main" class="hideme skipto">Skip to Main Content</a><div class="universal-banner noindex"> <div class="color-framework grid-framework type-framework component-framework pattern-framework js-framework responsive-framework"> <div class="universal-header-v3"> <div class="black-bg"> <div class="container tablet-container mobile-container"> <div class="row"> <div class="span7"> <div class="hbs-logo" style="z-index: 100;"><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/" data-link-id="header-logo" aria-label="Harvard Business School Home"><img class="fluid" style="display: block;" loading="eager" width="151" height="64" src="https://webassets.hbs.edu/libs/framework/1.0/images/hbs-shield-3line.svg" alt=""></a></div> </div> <div class="span5 desktop-visible"> <div class="search-box tablet-hidden"> <div style="display:flex;margin-right:-8px;"> <div class="universal-banner-search-input"> <div class="slide"> <fieldset class="input" role="search"><input type="search" class="universal-site-search-query" aria-label="Search Text" name="qt" value="" data-placeholder="SEARCH" id="search-text" maxlength="250" style="box-sizing: content-box;float:none;" autocomplete="false"><input type="submit" class="universal-site-search-button" value="Search" id="search-submit"></fieldset> </div> </div> <div class="universal-banner-search" style="min-width:52px;"><a href="#" class="universal-banner-search-toggle block" aria-label="Toggle Search Box"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" style="fill:white;width:44px;" viewBox="0 0 177 100" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <path d="M137.686,11.342 C137.686,-15.909 115.595,-38 88.344,-38 C61.09,-38 39,-15.909 39,11.342 C39,36.724 58.168,57.607 82.818,60.355 L82.818,72.838 C79.304,74.521 76.898,77.714 76.898,81.419 L76.898,128.148 C76.898,133.588 82.023,138 88.345,138 C94.667,138 99.789,133.589 99.789,128.148 L99.789,81.419 C99.789,77.711 97.382,74.521 93.869,72.838 L93.869,60.354 C118.515,57.606 137.686,36.726 137.686,11.342 Z M56.032,11.225 C56.032,-6.759 70.606,-21.338 88.589,-21.338 C106.572,-21.338 121.142,-6.759 121.142,11.225 C121.142,29.205 106.572,43.78 88.589,43.78 C70.606,43.78 56.032,29.205 56.032,11.225 Z" transform="translate(88.343000, 50.000000) rotate(90.000000) translate(-88.343000, -50.000000) "/></svg></a></div> <div class="universal-banner-menu"><a href="#" class="universal-banner-menu-toggle block" aria-label="Toggle Flyout Menu"> <div class="universal-banner-hamburger"><span></span><span></span><span></span></div></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="universal-slider-nav" class="hidden"> <nav class="gamma-uc site-title" aria-label="HBS Homepage"><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/Pages/default.aspx" class="white slidernav-ancillarynav-hbs-home">HBS Home</a></nav> <div class="hr" style="opacity: 0.3"></div> <nav aria-label="HBS Home Main"> <ul class="epsilon-uc unstyled unbulleted"> <li><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/about/Pages/default.aspx" class="slidernav-ancillarynav-about">About</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/about/academic-programs/Pages/default.aspx" class="slidernav-ancillarynav-academic-programs">Academic Programs</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.alumni.hbs.edu/Pages/default.aspx" class="slidernav-ancillarynav-alumni">Alumni</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/default.aspx" class="slidernav-ancillarynav-faculty-and-research">Faculty & Research</a></li> </ul> </nav> <div class="hr" style="opacity: 0.3"></div> <nav aria-label="HBS Home Utility"> <ul class="kappa-uc unstyled unbulleted"> <li><a href="https://www.library.hbs.edu/" class="slidernav-ancillarynav-baker-library">Baker Library</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.alumni.hbs.edu/giving/Pages/default.aspx" class="slidernav-ancillarynav-giving">Giving</a></li> <li><a href="https://hbr.org/" class="slidernav-ancillarynav-harvard-business-review">Harvard Business Review</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/about/initiativesandprojects/Pages/default.aspx" class="slidernav-ancillarynav-initiatives">Initiatives</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/news/Pages/landing.aspx" class="slidernav-ancillarynav-news">News</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/recruiting/Pages/default.aspx" class="slidernav-ancillarynav-recruit">Recruit</a></li> </ul> </nav> <div class="hr" style="opacity: 0.3"></div> <nav aria-label="Footer"> <ul class="kappa-uc unstyled unbulleted"> <li><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/maps/" class="slidernav-ancillarynav-map-directions">Map / Directions</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div id="container" class="type-framework color-framework grid-framework component-framework pattern-framework js-framework responsive-framework"> <div class="citrus-inherit responsive-type slider-inject" ><div class="inherit-bg sticky-header-container"></div><header class=" inherit-bg site-header noindex crawl-hidden" aria-label="Site Header" role="banner"> <div class="container bg-img-container link-controller"> <div class="desktop-hidden"><button class="site-header-button slider-backdrop-above slider-open btn-glass black" data-target="flyout-navigation"> <div class="universal-banner-hamburger"><span></span><span></span><span></span></div></button><button class="site-header-button slider-backdrop-above slider-open btn-glass black" data-target="flyout-search"> <div class="universal-banner-search-icon" style="height:26px;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" style="fill:black;width:44px;position:relative;" viewBox="0 0 177 100" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <path d="M137.686,11.342 C137.686,-15.909 115.595,-38 88.344,-38 C61.09,-38 39,-15.909 39,11.342 C39,36.724 58.168,57.607 82.818,60.355 L82.818,72.838 C79.304,74.521 76.898,77.714 76.898,81.419 L76.898,128.148 C76.898,133.588 82.023,138 88.345,138 C94.667,138 99.789,133.589 99.789,128.148 L99.789,81.419 C99.789,77.711 97.382,74.521 93.869,72.838 L93.869,60.354 C118.515,57.606 137.686,36.726 137.686,11.342 Z M56.032,11.225 C56.032,-6.759 70.606,-21.338 88.589,-21.338 C106.572,-21.338 121.142,-6.759 121.142,11.225 C121.142,29.205 106.572,43.78 88.589,43.78 C70.606,43.78 56.032,29.205 56.032,11.225 Z" transform="translate(88.343000, 50.000000) rotate(90.000000) translate(-88.343000, -50.000000) "/></svg></div></button></div> <div class="gamma-uc site-home "> <div style="margin-top: 3px;"><a href="/faculty/Pages/default.aspx" class="white black-bg">Faculty & Research</a></div> </div> <div class="navigation" style=""> <div class="hr desktop-visible "></div> <nav class="mobile-hidden tablet-hidden " aria-label="Current Site"> <ul class="navbar sticky-header-appears" style="display:flex;justify-content:space-around;"> <li style="white-space:nowrap;" class="active"><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?faculty=Current" class="active first"> Faculty </a></li> <li style="white-space:nowrap;" class=""><a href="/faculty/research/Pages/default.aspx" class=" ">Research</a></li> <li style="white-space:nowrap;" class=""><a href="/faculty/topics/Pages/default.aspx" class=" ">Featured Topics</a></li> <li style="white-space:nowrap;" class=""><a href="/faculty/units/Pages/default.aspx" class=" last">Academic Units</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="hr desktop-visible sticky-header-invisible"></div> </div> </header>  <div class="mainContainer link-controller" runat="server"> <main id="skipto-main" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Page content"> <div class="page-header inherit-bg" id=""> <div class="page-header-inner"> <div class="container tablet-container mobile-container " style="position:relative;" id=""><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><ul class="nu responsive-breadcrumb toggle-container"><li class="responsive-breadcrumb-toggle"><a href="#" class="toggle-button">…</a><span class="txt-arrow" aria-hidden="true">→</span></li><li><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/" class="ink">Harvard Business School</a><span class="txt-arrow" aria-hidden="true">→</span></li><li><a href="/faculty/Pages/default.aspx" class="ink">Faculty & Research</a><span class="txt-arrow" aria-hidden="true">→</span></li><li><div class="dropdown-container"><a class="ink nu dropdown-toggle" href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?faculty=Current" role="button" aria-current="page">Faculty<span class="icon-select"/></a><ul class="dropdown-menu nu"><li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?faculty=Current" class="white" aria-current="page">Faculty</a><div class="divider inherit-bg"/></li><li><a href="/faculty/Pages/positions.aspx" class="white">Positions</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> <div class="shim8 notitle"></div> <div class="row tablet-row"> <div class="span11"> <div class=""> <div class="sticky-header-hidden"> <div class="html "> <div class="shim33"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="profile-details"> <div class="profile-page-header inherit-bg"> <div class="container tablet-container mobile-container h1-responsive-nav vrule9"> <div class="row tablet-row mobile-row"> <div class="span8"> <div class="tablet-visible mobile-visible"><img src="https://www.hbs.edu/Style%20Library/api/headshot.aspx?id=1326184" class="fluid" style="border: 3px solid black;" alt="Julian De Freitas" width="200" height="200"><div class="shim5 mobile-visible"></div> </div> <div class="profile-section-top-left"> <h1 class="alpha">Julian De Freitas</h1> <div class="shim20 desktop-visible"></div> <h2 class="eta-uc bold2 subtitle desktop-visible">Assistant Professor of Business Administration</h2> <div class="shim5 desktop-hidden"></div> <h2 class="kappa-uc bold2 subtitle desktop-hidden">Assistant Professor of Business Administration</h2> <div class="tablet-hidden mobile-hidden"> <div class="shim22"></div> <div class="briefbio"> <div class="contents" xml:space="preserve"> </div> <div class="toggle-bio"> <div style="padding-top: 20px;margin-bottom:0px;"><a role="button" aria-label="Read more about Julian De Freitas" class="toggle-button kappa-uc moreless" href="#"><span class="icon-expand" style="padding-right:5px"></span>Read more</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="fullbio" style="display:none;"><p>Julian De Freitas is an Assistant Professor of Business Administration in the Marketing Unit, and Director of the Ethical Intelligence Lab, at Harvard Business School. He earned his PhD in psychology from Harvard, masters from Oxford, and BA from Yale. He teaches Creating Brand Value in the elective curriculum, Consumer Behavior in the doctoral curriculum, and has taught marketing in the required and executive curricula. </p> <p class="x_MsoNormal"><span data-olk-copy-source="MessageBody">A key premise of Julian’s work is that, unlike past technologies which consumers have perceived as “non-living,” consumers often view and interact with AI as though it is humanlike and social in nature. This difference has profound implications for how managers think about AI’s barriers to adoption, value, and risks for years to come. His research establishes how consumers do in fact treat AI differently than other technologies, explains what perceived features of AI give rise to these differences, tests marketing interventions that leverage this understanding to create value for firms, and documents associated risks for firms, consumers, and society. Because much of his research has focused on the case studies of autonomous vehicles (AVs) and social chatbots, it also carries implications for the stubborn societal problems of road fatalities and the loneliness crisis.</span></p> <p class="x_MsoNormal"><span>In approach, Julian’s work sits at the nexus of AI, consumer psychology, and ethics. He studies, utilizes and adapt AI technologies in his research papers, and connects fundamental aspects of their inputs, model architectures, and optimization goals to patterns of consumer behavior and ethical issues.</span></p> <p>Julian is the winner of the Case Center Outstanding Writer award and nine teaching awards, including Harvard College’s Special Commendation. He was formerly a Rhodes Scholar. <br /> <br /> He has published over 40 articles in journals such as <em>Nature Human Behavior</em>, <em>Nature Medicine</em>, <em>The Journal of Consumer Psychology</em>, <em>The Wall Street Journal</em>, and <em>Harvard Business Review</em>. He has also written cases about various companies in tech and beyond, serves as an advisor for startups, and consults for companies on topics related to AI, insurance, ethics, and regulation.</p> <div class="toggle-bio"> <div style="padding-top: 20px;"><a class="toggle-button kappa-uc moreless" href="#"><span class="icon-collapse" style="padding-right:5px"></span>Less</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="shim20"></div> </div> </div> <div class="tablet-visible mobile-visible"> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="nu">Marketing</div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="mu-uc"><a href="tel:+1(617) 495-4944" class="black">+1 (617) 495-4944</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="span1"> </div> <div class="span3 tablet-span12 vrule-offset"> <div class="tablet-hidden mobile-hidden profile-section-top-right"> <div class="shim10"></div><img src="https://www.hbs.edu/Style%20Library/api/headshot.aspx?id=1326184" class="fluid" style="border: 3px solid black;" alt="Julian De Freitas" width="200" height="200"><div class="shim5 mobile-visible"></div> <div class="shim15"></div> <div class="mu-uc">Unit</div> <div><a href="/faculty/units/marketing/Pages/default.aspx">Marketing</a></div> <div class="shim15"></div> <div class="mu-uc">Contact Information</div> <div>(617) 495-4944</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="desktop-visible"> <div class="row tablet-row"> <div class="span9 tablet-span12"> <div class="page-tabs-container"> <table class="page-tabs nav-tabs table-overflow tabs-hero" style="margin-bottom:-1px;"> <tr> <td><a href="?facId=1326184&click=byline&view=featured-work" data-tab="featured-work" class="mu-uc current">Featured Work</a></td> <td><a href="?facId=1326184&click=byline&view=publications" data-tab="publications" class="inherit-light-bg black white-color-onhover">Publications</a></td> <td><a href="?facId=1326184&click=byline&view=awards" data-tab="awards" class="inherit-light-bg black white-color-onhover">Awards & Honors</a></td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container tablet-container mobile-container vrule9"> <div class="row tablet-row mobile-row"> <div class="span9 tablet-span12 body h3-kappa" data-wcm-edit-url=""> <div class="cap tablet-cap mobile-cap"></div> <div class="tablet-hidden mobile-hidden"> <div id="featured-work" class="tabcontent current" data-wcm-edit-url=""> <div class="row tablet-row mobile-row "> <div class="span8 "> <article> <div class="thumbnail" style="float:left; position: relative;"><img src="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Profile Files/R2405G_WANG_6ca46481-f96c-4d8d-a64d-95228e130b21.jpg" class="fluid" width="130px" style="margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 1em;" alt=""></div> <div class="title eta"><a href="https://hbr.org/2024/09/how-ai-can-power-brand-management"><strong>AI Value:</strong> "How AI Can Power Brand Management"</a></div> <div class="shim12"></div> <div class="subtitle">It can automate creative tasks and improve the customer experience.</div> <div class="shim12"></div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="thumbnail" style="float:left; position: relative;"><img src="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Profile Files/thumbnail_featured_work_row2_72ff0cbb-f23c-43c0-bb76-1526a3015f24.jpg" class="fluid" width="130px" style="margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 1em;" alt=""></div> <div class="title eta"><a href="https://hbr.org/2025/01/why-people-resist-embracing-ai"><strong> AI Adoption Barriers: </strong>"Why People Resist Embracing AI"</a></div> <div class="shim12"></div> <div class="subtitle">The five main obstacles—and how to overcome them.</div> <div class="shim12"></div> <div class="abstract add-underline">IdeaCast Podcast Interview: <a title="The Consumer Psychology of Adopting AI" href="https://hbr.org/podcast/2025/02/the-consumer-psychology-of-adopting-ai" target="_blank">The Consumer Psychology of Adopting AI</a></div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="thumbnail" style="float:left; position: relative;"><img src="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Profile Files/download_5d2720c4-6ac0-47c7-85cc-03b006b6f6a0.png" class="fluid" width="130px" style="margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 1em;" alt=""></div> <div class="title eta"><a href=""><strong> AI Risks:</strong> "Marketing for AI Failure"</a></div> <div class="shim12"></div> <div class="subtitle">(Forthcoming in HBR July/August)</div> <div class="shim12"></div> <div class="abstract add-underline">The five key hazards to watch out for when AI fails—along with practical advice for managers who want to reduce blame, protect their brand, and strengthen consumer trust.</div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tablet-visible mobile-visible"> <div class="fullBio"><p>Julian De Freitas is an Assistant Professor of Business Administration in the Marketing Unit, and Director of the Ethical Intelligence Lab, at Harvard Business School. He earned his PhD in psychology from Harvard, masters from Oxford, and BA from Yale. He teaches Creating Brand Value in the elective curriculum, Consumer Behavior in the doctoral curriculum, and has taught marketing in the required and executive curricula. </p> <p class="x_MsoNormal"><span data-olk-copy-source="MessageBody">A key premise of Julian’s work is that, unlike past technologies which consumers have perceived as “non-living,” consumers often view and interact with AI as though it is humanlike and social in nature. This difference has profound implications for how managers think about AI’s barriers to adoption, value, and risks for years to come. His research establishes how consumers do in fact treat AI differently than other technologies, explains what perceived features of AI give rise to these differences, tests marketing interventions that leverage this understanding to create value for firms, and documents associated risks for firms, consumers, and society. Because much of his research has focused on the case studies of autonomous vehicles (AVs) and social chatbots, it also carries implications for the stubborn societal problems of road fatalities and the loneliness crisis.</span></p> <p class="x_MsoNormal"><span>In approach, Julian’s work sits at the nexus of AI, consumer psychology, and ethics. He studies, utilizes and adapt AI technologies in his research papers, and connects fundamental aspects of their inputs, model architectures, and optimization goals to patterns of consumer behavior and ethical issues.</span></p> <p>Julian is the winner of the Case Center Outstanding Writer award and nine teaching awards, including Harvard College’s Special Commendation. He was formerly a Rhodes Scholar. <br /> <br /> He has published over 40 articles in journals such as <em>Nature Human Behavior</em>, <em>Nature Medicine</em>, <em>The Journal of Consumer Psychology</em>, <em>The Wall Street Journal</em>, and <em>Harvard Business Review</em>. He has also written cases about various companies in tech and beyond, serves as an advisor for startups, and consults for companies on topics related to AI, insurance, ethics, and regulation.</p></div> <dl class="accordian profile-tabs"> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Featured Work</a></dt> <dd> <div class="row tablet-row mobile-row "> <div class="span8 "> <article> <div class="thumbnail" style="float:left; position: relative;"><img src="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Profile Files/R2405G_WANG_6ca46481-f96c-4d8d-a64d-95228e130b21.jpg" class="fluid" width="130px" style="margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 1em;" alt=""></div> <div class="title eta"><a href="https://hbr.org/2024/09/how-ai-can-power-brand-management"><strong>AI Value:</strong> "How AI Can Power Brand Management"</a></div> <div class="shim12"></div> <div class="subtitle">It can automate creative tasks and improve the customer experience.</div> <div class="shim12"></div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="thumbnail" style="float:left; position: relative;"><img src="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Profile Files/thumbnail_featured_work_row2_72ff0cbb-f23c-43c0-bb76-1526a3015f24.jpg" class="fluid" width="130px" style="margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 1em;" alt=""></div> <div class="title eta"><a href="https://hbr.org/2025/01/why-people-resist-embracing-ai"><strong> AI Adoption Barriers: </strong>"Why People Resist Embracing AI"</a></div> <div class="shim12"></div> <div class="subtitle">The five main obstacles—and how to overcome them.</div> <div class="shim12"></div> <div class="abstract add-underline">IdeaCast Podcast Interview: <a title="The Consumer Psychology of Adopting AI" href="https://hbr.org/podcast/2025/02/the-consumer-psychology-of-adopting-ai" target="_blank">The Consumer Psychology of Adopting AI</a></div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="thumbnail" style="float:left; position: relative;"><img src="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Profile Files/download_5d2720c4-6ac0-47c7-85cc-03b006b6f6a0.png" class="fluid" width="130px" style="margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 1em;" alt=""></div> <div class="title eta"><a href=""><strong> AI Risks:</strong> "Marketing for AI Failure"</a></div> <div class="shim12"></div> <div class="subtitle">(Forthcoming in HBR July/August)</div> <div class="shim12"></div> <div class="abstract add-underline">The five key hazards to watch out for when AI fails—along with practical advice for managers who want to reduce blame, protect their brand, and strengthen consumer trust.</div> </article> </div> </div> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Publications</a></dt> <dd> <ul class="unbulleted"> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Elie Ofek. <A HREF="https://hbr.org/2024/09/how-ai-can-power-brand-management">"How AI Can Power Brand Management."</A> <I>Harvard Business Review</I> 102, no. 5 (September–October 2024): 108–114. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66259">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. <A HREF="https://hbr.org/2025/01/why-people-resist-embracing-ai">"Why People Resist Embracing AI."</A> <I>Harvard Business Review</I> 103, no. 1 (January–February 2025): 52–56. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66724">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "Anticipating AI Failure." <I>Nature</I> (forthcoming). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=67075">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Xilin Zhou, Margherita Atzei, Shoshana Boardman, and Luigi Di Lillo. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Public perception and AV liability (Published).pdf">"Public Perception and Autonomous Vehicle Liability."</A> <I>Journal of Consumer Psychology</I> (forthcoming). (Pre-published online January 12, 2025.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66803">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Samure, Roger, Julian De Freitas, and Stefano Puntoni. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Humor as a window into genAI bias.pdf">"Humor as a Window into Generative AI Bias."</A> Art. 1326. <I>Scientific Reports</I> 15 (2025). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66756">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and I. Glenn Cohen. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Disclosure, humanizing, and Contextual Vulnerability (Published).pdf">"Disclosure, Humanizing, and Contextual Vulnerability of Generative AI Chatbots."</A> <I>New England Journal of Medicine AI</I> 2, no. 2 (February 2025). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66614">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Hermann, Erik, Julian De Freitas, and Stefano Puntoni. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Reducing prejudice with counterstereotypical AI (Published).pdf">"Reducing Prejudice with Counter-stereotypical AI."</A> <I>Consumer Psychology Review</I> 8, no. 1 (January 2025): 75–86. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66489">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. <A HREF="http://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2410997121">"Do ‘Black Individuals’ Really Display No Linguistic Markers of Depression?"</A> <I>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</I> 121, no. 29 (July 16, 2024). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66061">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Valenzuela, A., S. Puntoni, D. Hoffman, N. Castelo, J. De Freitas, B. Dietvorst, C. Hildebrand, Y.E. Huh, R. Meyer, M. Sweeney, S. Talaifar, G. Tomaino, and K. Wertenbroch. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=ValenzuelaEtAl-JACR-2024-AIConstrains.pdf">"How Artificial Intelligence Constrains Human Experience."</A> <I>Journal of the Association for Consumer Research</I> 9, no. 3 (July 2024): 241–256. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65803">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and G. Cohen. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=the health risks of generative AI.pdf">"The Health Risks of Generative AI-Based Wellness Apps."</A> <I>Nature Medicine</I> 30, no. 5 (May 2024): 1269–1275. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65676">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Agarwal, Stuti, Julian De Freitas, Anya Ragnhildstveit, and Carey K. Morewedge. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=AgarwalDeFreitas-AVSelfOther.pdf">"Acceptance of Automated Vehicles Is Lower for Self than Others."</A> <I>Journal of the Association for Consumer Research</I> 9, no. 3 (July 2024): 269–281. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65399">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Alon Hafri. <A HREF="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103123001452">"Moral Thin-Slicing: Forming Moral Impressions from a Brief Glance."</A> Art. 104588. <I>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</I> 112 (May 2024). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65182">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Ahmet Kaan Uğuralp, Zeliha Uğuralp, and Stefano Puntoni. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=23-011_c1bdd417-f717-47b6-bccb-5438c6e65c1a.pdf">"Chatbots and Mental Health: Insights into the Safety of Generative AI."</A> <I>Journal of Consumer Psychology</I> 34, no. 3 (July 2024): 481–491. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=64841">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., and L. J. Rips. <A HREF="https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2025-56982-001">"Is Personal Identity Intransitive?"</A> <I>Journal of Experimental Psychology: General</I> 154, no. 3 (March 2025): 775–786. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66573">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Stuti Agarwal, B. Schmitt, and N. Haslam. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=DeFreitas - Nature Human Behavior - Psychological Barriers to AI.pdf">"Psychological Factors Underlying Attitudes toward AI Tools."</A> <I>Nature Human Behaviour</I> 7, no. 11 (November 2023): 1845–1854. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=64842">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Ahmet Uğuralp, Zeliha Uğuralp, Laurie Paul, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, and T. Ullman. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Freitas_et_al-2023-Nature_Human_Behaviour (1).pdf">"Self-Orienting in Human and Machine Learning."</A> <I>Nature Human Behaviour</I> 7, no. 12 (December 2023): 2126–2139. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=64429">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Nam, Jimin, Maya Balakrishnan, Julian De Freitas, and Alison Wood Brooks. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Nam et al. JCP 2023 - Speedy activists.pdf">"Speedy Activists: Firm Response Time to Sociopolitical Events Influences Consumer Behavior."</A> Special Issue on Consumer Insights from Text Analysis edited by Grant Packard, Sarah G. Moore, and Jonah Berger. <I>Journal of Consumer Psychology</I> 33, no. 4 (October 2023): 632–644. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=64327">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Prinzing, Michael, Julian De Freitas, and Barbara L. Fredrickson. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=The Ordinary Concept of a Meaningful Life.pdf">"The Ordinary Concept of a Meaningful Life: The Role of Subjective and Objective Factors in Third-Person Attributions of Meaning."</A> <I>Journal of Positive Psychology</I> 17, no. 5 (2022): 639–654. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60673">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Andrea Censi, Bryant Walker Smith, Luigi Di Lillo, Sam E. Anthony, and Emilio Frazzoli. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=From driverless dilemmas to more practical commonsense tests.pdf">"From Driverless Dilemmas to More Practical Commonsense Tests for Automated Vehicles."</A> <I>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</I> 118, no. 11 (March 16, 2021). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60675">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Mina Cikara. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Deliberately prejudiced self-driving vehicles elicit the most outrage.pdf">"Deliberately Prejudiced Self-driving Vehicles Elicit the Most Outrage."</A> <I>Cognition</I> 208 (March 2021). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60674">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Tarhan, Leyla, Julian De Freitas, and Talia Konkle. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Behavioral and Neural Representations published.pdf">"Behavioral and Neural Representations en route to Intuitive Action Understanding."</A> <I>Neuropsychologia</I> 163 (December 2021). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61300">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Gan, Chuang, Jeremy Schwartz, Seth Alter, Damian Mrowca, Martin Schrimpf, James Traer, Julian De Freitas, Jonas Kubilius, Abhishek Bhandwaldar, Nick Haber, Megumi Sano, Kuno Kim, Elias Wang, Michael Lingelbach, Aidan Curtis, Kevin Feigelis, Daniel M. Bear, Dan Gutfreund, David Cox, Antonio Torralba, James J. DiCarlo, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, Josh H. McDermott, and Daniel L.K. Yamins. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=chuangEtAl_threedworld.pdf">"ThreeDWorld: A Platform for Interactive Multi-Modal Physical Simulation."</A> <I>Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), Datasets and Benchmarks Track</I> 35th (2021). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60873">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Kim, Kuno, Megumi Sano, Julian De Freitas, Daniel Yamins, and Nick Haber. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Towards modeling the developmental variability of human attention.pdf">"Towards Modeling the Variability of Human Attention."</A> In Bridging AI and Cognitive Science (BAICS) Workshop. 8th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), April 26, 2020. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61436">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Sam E. Anthony, Andrea Censi, and George A. Alvarez. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Doubting Driverless Dilemmas.pdf">"Doubting Driverless Dilemmas."</A> <I>Perspectives on Psychological Science</I> 15, no. 5 (September 2020): 1284–1288. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60671">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Kim, Kuno, Megumi Sano, Julian De Freitas, Nick Haber, and Daniel Yamins. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Active World Model Learning with Progress Curiosity.pdf">"Active World Model Learning with Progress Curiosity."</A> <I>Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)</I> 37th (2020). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60670">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Kyle A. Thomas, Peter DiScioli, and Steven Pinker. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Common knowledge, coordination, and strategic mentalizing in human social life.pdf">"Common Knowledge, Coordination, and Strategic Mentalizing in Human Social Life."</A> <I>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</I> 116, no. 28 (July 9, 2019). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60669">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Peter DiScioli, Kyle A. Thomas, and Steven Pinker. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Maimonides Ladder.pdf">"Maimonides' Ladder: States of Mutual Knowledge and the Perception of Charitability."</A> <I>Journal of Experimental Psychology: General</I> 148, no. 1 (January 2019): 158–173. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60668">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Mina Cikara, Igor Grossman, and Rebecca Schlegal. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Moral Goodness Is the Essence of Personal Identity.pdf">"Moral Goodness Is the Essence of Personal Identity."</A> <I>Trends in Cognitive Sciences</I> 22, no. 9 (September 2018): 739–740. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60654">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and George A. Alvarez. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Your visual system provides all the information you need.pdf">"Your Visual System Provides All the Information You Need to Make Moral Judgments about Generic Visual Events."</A> <I>Cognition</I> 178 (September 2018): 133–146. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60653">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Samuel G.B. Johnson. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Optimality bias in moral judgment.pdf">"Optimality Bias in Moral Judgment."</A> <I>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</I> 79 (November 2018): 149–163. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60649">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Mina Cikara. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Deep down my enemy is good.pdf">"Deep Down My Enemy Is Good: Thinking about the True Self Reduces Intergroup Bias."</A> <I>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</I> 74 (January 2018): 307–316. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60651">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Hagop Sarkissian, George E. Newman, Igor Grossman, Felipe De Brigard, Andres Luco, and Joshua Knobe. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Consistent Belief in a Good True Self.pdf">"Consistent Belief in a Good True Self in Misanthropes and Three Interdependent Cultures."</A> <I>Cognitive Science</I> 42, no. S1 (2018): 134–160. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60647">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Mina Cikara, Igor Grossman, and Rebecca Schlegel. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Origins of the Belief in Good True Selves.pdf">"Origins of the Belief in Good True Selves."</A> <I>Trends in Cognitive Sciences</I> 21, no. 9 (September 2017): 634–636. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60642">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Phillips, Jonathan, Julian De Freitas, Christian Mott, June Gruber, and Joshua Knobe. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=True happiness The role of morality in the concept of happiness.pdf">"True Happiness: The Role of Morality in the Concept of Happiness."</A> <I>Journal of Experimental Psychology: General</I> 146, no. 2 (2017): 165–181. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60641">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Peter DiScioli, Jason Nemirow, Maxim Massenkoff, and Steven Pinker. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Kill or Die Moral Judgment Alters Linguistic Coding of.pdf">"Kill or Die: Moral Judgment Alters Linguistic Coding of Causality."</A> <I>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition</I> 43, no. 8 (August 2017): 1173–1182. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60640">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>DiScioli, Peter, Rachel Karpoff, and Julian De Freitas. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Ownership Dilemmas The Case of Finders Versus.pdf">"Ownership Dilemmas: The Case of Finders Versus Landowners."</A> <I>Cognitive Science</I> 41, no. S3 (2017): 502–522. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60639">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Kevin P. Tobia, George E. Newman, and Joshua Knobe. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Normative Judgments and Individual Essence.pdf">"Normative Judgments and Individual Essence."</A> <I>Cognitive Science</I> 41, no. S3 (2017): 382–402. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60635">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Thomas, Kyle A., Julian De Freitas, Peter DiScioli, and Steven Pinker. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Recursive Mentalizing and Common Knowledge in the Bystander Effect.pdf">"Recursive Mentalizing and Common Knowledge in the Bystander Effect."</A> <I>Journal of Experimental Psychology: General</I> 145, no. 5 (2016): 621–629. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60634">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Nicholas E. Myers, and Anna C. Nobre. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Tracking the changing feature of a moving object.pdf">"Tracking the Changing Feature of a Moving Object."</A> <I>Journal of Vision</I> 16, no. 3 (February 2016): 1–21. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60633">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Newman, George E., Julian De Freitas, and Joshua Knobe. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Beliefs About the True Self Explain Asymmetries Based.pdf">"Beliefs About the True Self Explain Asymmetries Based on Moral Judgment."</A> <I>Cognitive Science</I> 39, no. 1 (2015): 96–125. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60632">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Brandon Liverence, and Brian J. Scholl. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=Attentional Rhythm A Temporal Analogue of Object-Based Attention.pdf">"Attentional Rhythm: A Temporal Analogue of Object-Based Attention."</A> <I>Journal of Experimental Psychology: General</I> 143, no. 1 (February 2014): 71–76. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=60631">View Details</a></li> </ul> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Managerial Publications</a></dt> <dd> <ul class="unbulleted"> <li>De Freitas, Julian. <A HREF="https://www.wsj.com/health/wellness/ai-companions-loneliness-f6b16e98">"AI Wants to Make You Less Lonely. Does It Work?"</A> <I>Wall Street Journal</I> (September 23, 2024), R.11. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66438">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Agarwal, Stuti, Julian De Freitas, and Carey K. Morewedge. <A HREF="https://hbr.org/2024/04/how-automakers-can-address-resistance-to-self-driving-cars">"How Automakers Can Address Resistance to Self-Driving Cars."</A> <I>Harvard Business Review (website)</I> (April 3, 2024). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65800">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. <A HREF="https://www.wsj.com/articles/will-we-blame-self-driving-cars-11674745636">"Will We Blame Self-Driving Cars? A New Study Finds That People Are Likely to Hold Autonomous Vehicles Liable for Accidents Even When They’re Not at Fault."</A> <I>Wall Street Journal</I> (January 28, 2023), C5. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=63538">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. <A HREF="https://www.wsj.com/business/autos/will-consumers-buy-selfish-self-driving-cars-73ac7d52">"Will Consumers Buy Selfish Self-Driving Cars?"</A> <I>Wall Street Journal</I> (October 14, 2023), C5. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=64843">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. <A HREF="https://hbr.org/2023/06/should-you-start-a-generative-ai-company">"Should You Start a Generative AI Company?"</A> <I>Harvard Business Review (website)</I> (June 19, 2023). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=64179">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. <A HREF="https://hbr.org/2023/03/what-is-the-optimal-pattern-of-a-customer-journey?ab=hero-subleft-3">"What Is the Optimal Pattern of a Customer Journey?"</A> <I>Harvard Business Review (website)</I> (March 31, 2023). <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=63895">View Details</a></li> </ul> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Cases and Teaching Materials</a></dt> <dd> <ul class="unbulleted"> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Elie Ofek. "AI and Brand Management: Promises and Perils." Harvard Business School Background Note 525-021, October 2024. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66507">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Elie Ofek. "21Seeds: Taking Shots at Breakout Growth." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 524-087, May 2024. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65912">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Ofek, Elie, Julian De Freitas, Michael Moynihan, and Nicole Tempest Keller. <A HREF="http://hbr.org/product/21Seeds--Taking-Shots-at-/an/524008-PDF-ENG">"21Seeds: Taking Shots at Breakout Growth."</A> Harvard Business School Case 524-008, December 2023. (Revised February 2024.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65093">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "Replika AI: Monetizing a Chatbot." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 524-038, February 2024. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65549">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Nicole Tempest Keller. <A HREF="http://hbr.org/product/Replika-AI--Monetizing-a-/an/523016-PDF-ENG">"Replika AI: Monetizing a Chatbot."</A> Harvard Business School Case 523-016, November 2022. (Revised March 2024.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=63108">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Elie Ofek, Shaun Ingledew, and Tonia Labruyere. <A HREF="http://hbr.org/product/Navya--Steering-toward-a-/an/523046-PDF-ENG">"Navya: Steering toward a Driverless Future."</A> Harvard Business School Case 523-046, September 2022. (Revised May 2024.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=63048">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Elie Ofek. "Navya, Instructor Spreadsheet." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 524-701, June 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=64229">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Elie Ofek. "Navya: Steering Toward a Driverless Future." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 524-007, June 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=64228">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Jeremy Yang, and Das Narayandas. <A HREF="http://hbr.org/product/Hometown-Foods/an/522718-VID-ENG">"Hometown Foods."</A> Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 522-718, July 2022. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=62613">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Jeremy Yang. "Hometown Foods Pricing Calculator." Harvard Business School Simulation 523-708, June 2023. (Revised December 2023.) (Click <a href=https://cb.hbsp.harvard.edu/cbmp/product/523708-HTM-ENG>here</a> to access this case.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=64192">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and Jeremy Yang. "Hometown Foods." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 522-104, June 2022. (Revised March 2024.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=62574">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Jeremy Yang, and Das Narayandas. <A HREF="http://hbr.org/product/Hometown-Foods--Changing-/an/522087-PDF-ENG">"Hometown Foods: Changing Price amid Inflation."</A> Harvard Business School Case 522-087, March 2022. (Revised March 2024.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=62207">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Jeremy Yang, and Das Narayandas. "Hometown Foods Spreadsheet Supplement for Students." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 522-714, March 2022. (Revised March 2024.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=62213">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Jeremy Yang, and Das Narayandas. "Hometown Foods Spreadsheet Supplement for Instructors." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 522-715, March 2022. (Revised March 2024.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=62214">View Details</a></li> </ul> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Working Papers</a></dt> <dd> <ul class="unbulleted"> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Zeliha Oğuz-Uğuralp, Ahmet Kaan Uğuralp, and Stefano Puntoni. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=25-030.pdf">"Why Most Resist AI Companions."</A> Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-030, December 2024. (Revised January 2025.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66680">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Noah Castelo, Ahmet Uğuralp, and Zeliha Uğuralp. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=25-018.pdf">"Lessons from an App Update at Replika AI: Identity Discontinuity in Human-AI Relationships."</A> Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-018, October 2024. (Revised December 2024.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66480">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Ahmet K Uguralp, Zeliha O Uguralp, and Puntoni Stefano. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/download.aspx?name=24-078.pdf">"AI Companions Reduce Loneliness."</A> Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-078, June 2024. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=66065">View Details</a></li> </ul> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Submitted Presentations</a></dt> <dd> <ul class="unbulleted"> <li>Agarwal, Stuti, Julian De Freitas, A. Ragnhildstveit, and Carey K. Morewedge. "Acceptance of Automated Vehicles Is Lower for Self Than Others." Paper presented at the Asia-Pacific Association for Consumer Research Conference, Asia-Pacific Association for Consumer Research, Bali, Indonesia, 2024. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65112">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, X Zhou, Margherita Atzei, Shoshana Boardman, and Luigi Di Lillo. "Public Perception and Autonomous Vehicle Liability." Paper presented at the Society for Consumer Psychology Annual Conference, Nashville, TN, United States, 2024. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65113">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, K. Uguralp, and Z. Oguz. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65121">"Ethical Risks of Autonomous Products: The Case of Mental Health Crises on AI Companion Applications."</A> Paper presented at the Society for Consumer Psychology Annual Conference, San Juan, PR, March 2–4, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65121">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Balakrishnan, Maya, Julian De Freitas, and Alison Wood Brooks. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65120">"Speedy Activists: Firm Response Time to Sociopolitical Events Influences Consumer Behavior."</A> Paper presented at the Society for Consumer Psychology Annual Conference, San Juan, PR, March 2–4, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65120">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, X. Zhou, Margherita Atzei, Shoshana Boardman, and Luigi Di Lillo. "Public Perception and Autonomous Vehicle Liability." Paper presented at the Association for Consumer Research Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, October 26–28, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65119">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, K Uguralp, Z Oguz, and Stefano Puntoni. "The Dark Side of Generative AI: Chatbots and Mental Health." Paper presented at the Association for Consumer Research Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, October 26–28, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65118">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Agarwal, Stuti, and Julian De Freitas. "Autopilot or Copilot? Label Mismarketing and Autonomous Vehicle Liability." Paper presented at the Society for Judgment and Decision Making Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA, November 17–20, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65117">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, K. Uguralp, Z. Uguralp, and Stefano Puntoni. <A HREF="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06VWa6GaN1A&t=4s">"Chatbots and Mental Health: Insights into the Safety of Generative AI."</A> Paper presented at the Business & Generative AI Workshop, Wharton School, AI at Wharton, San Francisco, CA, United States, September 8, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65116">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, C Colas, T Mills, Laurie Paul, L. A. Paul, and T. D. Ullman. "An Intrinsic Motivation for Self-Orientation." Paper presented at the 6th International Workshop on Intrinsically Motivated Open-Ended Learning, Paris, France, September 13–15, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65115">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, A. Ragnhildstveit, and A.K. Uğuralp. "Stigma Against AI Companion Applications." 53rd Association for Consumer Research Annual Conference, Denver, CO, October 20–22, 2022. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=62838">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, P. Kim, and T. Ullman. "Evaluative Dynamics: Summarizing Customer Journeys, Interviews, and Lives." Association for Consumer Research Annual Conference, Denver, CO, October 20–22, 2022. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=62837">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "Should Automated Vehicles Favor Passengers Over Pedestrians?" Paper presented at the Society for Consumer Psychology Annual Conference, March 2022. (Virtual.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61722">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Nam, Jimin, Maya Balakrishnan, Julian De Freitas, and Alison Wood Brooks. "Timely Statements: Swift Brand Activism Is the Most Effective and Memorable." Paper presented at the Society for Judgment and Decision Making Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, November 10–13, 2022. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=62836">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, Samuel G. B. Johnson, Z. Kohn, and P. Kim. "Corporations are Viewed as Psychopaths with Good True Selves." Paper presented at the Society for Consumer Psychology Annual Conference, March 2022. (Virtual.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61721">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "Deliberately Prejudiced Self-driving Vehicles Elicit the Most Outrage." Paper presented at the Society for Judgment and Decision Making Annual Meeting, 2021. (Virtual.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61720">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., Samuel G. B. Johnson, Z. Kohn, and P. Kim. "Corporations are Viewed as Psychopaths with Good True Selves." Paper presented at the Association for Consumer Research Annual Conference, 2021. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61719">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Kim, P., J. De Freitas, and T. Ullman. "Lifelines: Summarizing the Pattern of a Meaningful Life." Paper presented at the Society for Philosophy and Psychology Annual Meeting, 2021. (Virtual meeting.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61716">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Prinzing, M., J. De Freitas, and B. Frederickson. "The Ordinary Concept of a Meaningful Life." Paper presented at the Society for Philosophy and Psychology Annual Meeting, 2021. (Virtual meeting.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61714">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., and M. Cikara. "Deliberately Prejudiced Self-driving Vehicles Elicit the Most Outrage." Paper presented at the Society for Philosophy and Psychology Annual Meeting, 2021. (Virtual meeting.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61713">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Zhao, X., J. De Freitas, L. Tarhan, and G. A. Alvarez. "A Performance-optimized Limb Detection Model Selectively Predicts Behavioral Responses Based on Movement Similarity." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, St. Pete Beach, FL, 2020. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61712">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Sano, M., J. De Freitas, N. Haber, and D. L. K. Yamins. "Learning in Social Environments with Curious Neural Agents." Paper presented at the 42nd Cognitive Science Society Annual Conference, Toronto, Canada, 2020. (Virtual.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61711">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Kim, K-H, M. Sano, J. De Freitas, N. Haber, and D. L. K. Yamins. "Towards Modeling the Developmental Variability of Human Attention." Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61710">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Kim, K-H, M. Sano, J. De Freitas, N. Haber, and D. L. K. Yamins. "Active World Model Learning with Progress-driven Exploration." Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61709">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Kim, K-H, M. Sano, J. De Freitas, N. Haber, and D. L. K. Yamins. "Learning World Models with Progress-driven Exploration." Paper presented at the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning, Vienna, Austria, 2020. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61708">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Tarhan, L., J. De Freitas, G. A. Alvarez, and T. Konkle. "Semantic Embeddings of Verbal Descriptions Predict Action Similarity Judgments." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, St. Pete Beach, FL, 2020. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61707">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., J. L. Rips, and G. A. Alvarez. "The Capacity Limit of Personal Identity." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, St. Pete Beach, FL, 2020. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61706">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "Capacity Limits for Higher-level Thought? The Self as a Case Study." Paper presented at the Cognition, Brain, & Behavior Research Seminar, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, September 5, 2019. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61705">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J. "Identity and Morality without Mind." Paper presented at the Society for Philosophy and Psychology Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, United States, 2019. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61704">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., K. H. Kim, N. Haber, C. Conwell, G. A. Alvarez, and D. L. K. Yamins. "Intrinsic Curiosity May Give Rise to Animate Attention." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, St. Pete Beach, FL, 2019. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61703">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "Strategic Mentalizing and Common Knowledge in Social Life." Paper presented at the Social Brownbag Talk Series, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 2018. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61702">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., A. Hafri, G. A. Alvarez, and D. L. K. Yamins. "Learning to Recognize Objects Provides Category-orthogonal Features for Social Inference and Moral Judgment." Paper presented at the Society for Philosophy and Psychology Annual Meeting, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 2018. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61700">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., A. Hafri, G. A. Alvarez, and D. L. K. Yamins. "From Pixels to Moral Judgment: Extracting Morally Relevant Information in Minds and Machines." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, St. Pete Beach, FL, 2018. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61699">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "From Pixels to Moral Judgment: Extracting Morally Relevant Information in Minds and Machines." Paper presented at the Cognition, Brain, & Behavior Research Seminar, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, November 30, 2017. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61701">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., P. DeScioli, K. Thomas, and S. Pinker. "The Ladder of Charity." Paper presented at the 29th Human Behavior and Evolution Society Annual Conference, Boise, ID, United States, 2017. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61698">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., and S. G. B. Johnson. "The Efficiency Principle in Moral Judgment." Paper presented at the Society for Philosophy and Psychology Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD, 2017. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61697">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., and G. A. Alvarez. "Changing Moral Judgments by Exploiting the Visual System." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, St. Pete Beach, FL, 2017. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61696">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., and G. A. Alvarez. "Moral Psychophysics." Paper presented at the Society for Philosophy and Psychology Annual Meeting, Austin, TX, United States, 2016. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61695">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., and G. A. Alvarez. "Moral Psychophysics." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, St. Pete Beach, FL, 2016. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61694">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., K. A. Thomas, P. DeScioli, and S. Pinker. "The Strategic Bystander: Recursive Theory of Mind and Common Knowledge in Decisions to Help." Paper presented at the 27th Human Behavior and Evolution Society Annual Conference, Columbia, MO, United States, 2015. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61693">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., H. Sarkissian, I. Grossmann, F. De Brigard, A. Luco, and G. E. Newman. "Is There Universal Belief in a Good True Self?" Paper presented at the 23rd Annual Meeting of the European Society for Philosophy and Psychology, Tartu, Estonia, 2015. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61692">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., and S. G. B. Johnson. "Behaviorist Thinking in Judgments of Wrongness, Punishment, and Blame." Paper presented at the 37th Cognitive Science Society Annual Conference, Pasadena, CA, United States, 2015. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61691">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., H. Sarkissian, I. Grossmann, F. De Brigard, A. Luco, G. E. Newman, and J. Knobe. "Is There Universal Belief in a Good True Self?" Paper presented at the Society for Philosophy and Psychology Annual Meeting, Durham, NC, United States, 2015. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61690">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., N. E. Nobre, and A. C. Nobre. "Mental Tracking of Dynamic Features." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, St. Pete Beach, FL, 2015. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61687">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Phillips, J., C. Mott, Julian De Freitas, J. Gruber, and J. Knobe. "Is That All There Is to Happiness?" Paper presented at the 16th Society for Personality and Social Psychology Annual Meeting, Long Beach, CA, United States, February 26–28, 2015. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61686">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian, and K. Knobre. "Feature Extrapolation in Mental Tracking." University of Oxford 2nd Year DPhil Students Poster Event, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, 2014. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61685">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., K. Tobia, J. E. Newman, and J. Knobe. "The Good Ship Theseus: The Effect of Valence on Object Identity Judgments." Paper presented at the 36th Cognitive Science Society Annual Conference, Quebec City, Canada, 2014. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61684">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>Newman, J. E., J. De Freitas, and J. Knobe. "Beliefs about the True Self Explain Asymmetries Based on Moral Judgment." Paper presented at the Society for Philosophy and Psychology Annual Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, 2014. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61683">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., B. M. Liverence, and B. J. Scholl. "Visual and Auditory Object-based Attention Driven by Rhythmic Structure over Time." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, Naples, FL, 2013. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61682">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., B. Liverence, and B. J. Scholl. "Attentional Rhythm: A Temporal Analogue of Object-based Attention." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, Naples, FL, 2012. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61681">View Details</a></li> </ul> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Keynote Presentations</a></dt> <dd> <ul class="unbulleted"> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "Keynote Speech." 10th Consumer Neuroscience Satellite Symposium, Society for Neuroeconomics, Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, Canada, July 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=64316">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "Keynote Speech." In Workshop on Social Intelligence in Humans and Robots. Robotics: Science and Systems Conference, July 2020. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=62309">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "Workshop on Autonomous Driving" Keynote Speech. IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 2020. (Virtual.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61665">View Details</a></li> </ul> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Chaired Conferences and Symposia</a></dt> <dd> <ul class="unbulleted"> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "Interacting with Tech: Exploring Consumer Choices in the Age of Automation." In Special Session. Association for Consumer Research Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, United States, October 26–28, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65135">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, J., P. DeScioli, J. Nemirow, M. Massenkof, and S. Pinker. "Mutual Constraints in Moral Cognition and Language." International Conference on Thinking, Providence, RI, 2016. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61663">View Details</a></li> </ul> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Invited Presentations</a></dt> <dd> <ul class="unbulleted"> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Simon Business School, University of Rochester, 2024. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65124">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Paper presented at the Junior Faculty Research Brown Bag, Harvard Business School, 2024. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65123">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Paper presented at the AI and Wellbeing: AI Horizons Webinar Series, Wharton School, AI at Wharton, December 15, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65125">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Paper presented at the AI in Digital Marketing Seminar, College of Business, Northern Illinois University, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65126">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Paper presented at the 12th Triennial Invitational Choice Symposium, INSEAD, Fontainebleau, France, August 9–12, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65128">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Paper presented at the Behavioral Science Seminar, University of Chicago Booth School of Business, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65129">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Paper presented at the Marketing Unit Spring Seminar, University of Chicago Booth School of Business, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65130">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Paper presented at the HBS Faculty Research Symposium, Harvard Business School, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65131">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Paper presented at the Junior Faculty Research Brown Bag, Harvard Business School, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65132">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Paper presented at the JDM PhD Seminar, University of Texas at Austin, McCombs School of Business, 2023. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65127">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung, Center for Humans and Machines, Berlin, Germany, 2022. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61796">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Junior Faculty Research Brown Bag, Harvard Business School, 2022. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61797">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Lazaridis School of Business and Economics, Wilfrid Laurier University, 2022. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=62308">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Paper presented at the New England Marketing Conference, 2022. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65133">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." EdukCircle International Convention on Business, Philippines, 2021. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61795">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Swiss Re Group, Zurich, Switzerland, 2021. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61794">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Harvard Business School, NERD Lab, Boston, MA, 2021. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61793">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Stanford University, Causality in Cognition Lab, Palo Alto, CA, 2021. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61792">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Motional, Inc., Boston, MA, 2021. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61791">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Hoffman-Yee Research Grant Seminar, Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, Stanford, CA, 2021. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61790">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Institut Jean Nicod, Paris, France, 2021. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61789">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Harvard Business School, Marketing and Communications, Boston, MA, 2021. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61788">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61786">"[Invited Presentation]."</A> University of Bath School of Management, Behavioural Lab Series, United Kingdom, 2021. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61786">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." LMC Workshop 'MK40: Common Knowledge, Common Ground, and Context in Communication, University College London, Language and Meaning Centre, London, United Kingdom, 2021. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61782">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Computation & Cognitive Development Lab, Cambridge, MA, 2020. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61785">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Computational Cognitive Science Group, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, 2020. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61783">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Stanford University, Causality in Cognition Lab, Palo Alto, CA, 2020. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61781">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Paper presented at the Moral Psychology Seminar by Liane Young, Boston University, 2019. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=65134">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Deep Neural Networks Reading Group, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 2019. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61780">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Northeastern University, Language and Mind Lab, Boston, MA, 2019. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61779">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Social Brownbag Talk Series, Brown University, Providence, RI, 2019. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61778">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." MIT Media Lab, Human Dynamics Group, Cambridge, MA, 2019. (2nd of 2.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61777">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Harvard University, Moral Psychology Research Lab, Cambridge, MA, 2019. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61776">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61775">"[Invited Presentation]."</A> Visual Attention Lab, Boston, MA, 2019. (Brigham and Women's Hospital.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61775">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." MIT Media Lab, Human Dynamics Group, Cambridge, MA, 2019. (1st of 2.) <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61774">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Morality Lab at Boston College, Boston, MA, 2019. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61773">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Navy Center for Applied Research in Artificial Intelligence (NCARAI) Symposium Series, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 2018. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61772">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Post-Simian Seminar, Nassau, Bahamas, 2018. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61771">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Harvard University, Moral Psychology Research Lab, Cambridge, MA, 2018. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61770">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Language and Thought Workshop, Institut Jean Nicod, Paris, France, 2017. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61769">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Morality Lab at Boston College, Boston, MA, 2016. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61768">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Harvard Intergroup Neuroscience Lab, 2016. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61767">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Moral Psychology Research Group, Cambridge, MA, 2016. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61766">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Institut Jean Nicod, Paris, France, 2015. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61765">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Northeast Music Cognition Group and New York University, New York, NY, 2013. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61764">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61763">"[Invited Presentation]."</A> Yale University Senior Essay Prize Talk, 2013. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61763">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. <A HREF="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61762">"[Invited Presentation]."</A> New England Sequencing and Timing Meeting, Amherst, MA, United States, 2013. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61762">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Northeast Music Cognition Group and Boston University, Boston, MA, 2012. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61761">View Details</a><div class="shim20"></div> </li> <li>De Freitas, Julian. "[Invited Presentation]." Northeast Music Cognition Group and Yale University, New Haven, CT, 2012. <a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=61752">View Details</a></li> </ul> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Awards & Honors</a></dt> <dd> <div class="row tablet-row mobile-row "> <div class="span8 "> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of a 2023–2024 HBS Required Curriculum (RC) Case Award for “Hometown Foods: Changing Price Amid Inflation” (HBS Case 522-087, March 2022) with Jeremy Yang and Das Narayandas.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Winner of the 2024 Outstanding Case Writer Competition Award for “Hometown Foods: Changing Price Amid Inflation” (HBS Case 522-087, March 2022) with Jeremy Yang and Das Narayandas.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of a 2021 Exceptional Reviewer Award from the <i>Journal of Vision</i>.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Honored with a Special Commendation for Extraordinary Teaching by Harvard University in spring of 2020.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Awarded the Goethals Teaching Prize by Harvard University in spring of 2020.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of a Pershing Square Fund for Research Foundations of Human Behavior Grant in 2020.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of a Hodgson Fund Grant from Harvard University in 2020.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of an Anderson Fund Grant from Harvard University in 2020.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of a Derek C. Bok Award for Excellence in Graduate Student Teaching of Undergraduates at Harvard University in spring 2019.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Awarded the Goethals Teaching Prize by Harvard University in spring of 2019.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of a Sackler Grant from Harvard University in 2019.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Awarded the Goethals Teaching Prize by Harvard University in fall of 2019.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of a Derek C. Bok Award for Excellence in Graduate Student Teaching of Undergraduates at Harvard University in spring 2018.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of a Derek C. Bok Award for Excellence in Graduate Student Teaching of Undergraduates at Harvard University in fall 2018.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Awarded the Goethals Teaching Prize by Harvard University in fall of 2018.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Received a Certificate of Distinction in Teaching from the Bok Center at Harvard University in fall of 2018.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of a Travel Award from the Society of Philosophy & Psychology in 2018.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of the 2013 Alpheus Henry Snow Award from Yale University.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Recipient of a Travel Award from the Society of Philosophy & Psychology in 2019.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Winner of the 2013 Albert E. Angier Prize from the Psychology Department at Yale University.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Winner of the 2013 Friends of Music at Yale Prize.</div> </article> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <article> <div class="abstract add-underline">Selected as a Rhodes Scholar in 2012.</div> </article> </div> </div> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Additional Information</a></dt> <dd> <ul class="unbulleted"> <li><a href="/faculty/Profile Files/De Freitas_Julian_CV_cce6a548-fd2f-4f2e-8a4d-de24e8828b5b.pdf">CV</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.juliandefreitas.com/">Personal Website</a></li> <li><a href="https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?user=zCQKP81aEGwC&hl=en">Google Scholar</a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/JulianDeFreitas">Twitter</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/julian-de-freitas-9924385b/">LinkedIn</a></li> </ul> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">Areas of Interest</a></dt> <dd> <ul class="unbulleted"> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=consumer psychology">consumer psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=ethics">ethics</a></li> <div style="margin-top: 30px;"><strong>Additional Topics</strong></div> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=cognition">cognition</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=conflict">conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=consumer behavior">consumer behavior</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=corporate social responsibility">corporate social responsibility</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=crisis management">crisis management</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=evolutionary theory">evolutionary theory</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=game theory">game theory</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=identity">identity</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=machine learning">machine learning</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=marketing">marketing</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=philanthropy">philanthropy</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=trust">trust</a></li> <div style="margin-top: 30px;"><strong>Industries</strong></div> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=advertising">advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=automotive">automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=consumer products">consumer products</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=e-commerce industry">e-commerce industry</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=insurance industry">insurance industry</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=marketing industry">marketing industry</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=nonprofit industry">nonprofit industry</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=software">software</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=transportation">transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=video games">video games</a></li> </ul> </dd> <dt><a href="#" class="black accordian-kappa">In The News</a></dt> <dd> <div class="mobile-in-the-news"> <div class="shim20"></div> <div class="sidebar-margins"> <h3 class="kappa-uc" style="margin-top: 0px;">In The News</h3> <ul class="media-list3 sidebar-stream "> <li class="media"> <div class=""> <div class=""> <ul class="linear mu-uc"> <li>19 Jan 2025</li> <li class="ash">PsyPost</li> </ul> <h4 class="kappa-uc"><a href="https://www.psypost.org/scientists-just-found-a-novel-way-to-uncover-ai-biases-and-the-results-are-unexpected/#google_vignette" class="block" style="color: #2AA296;border:!px solid red;">Scientists Just Found a Novel Way to Uncover AI Biases — and the Results Are Unexpected</a></h4> <div class="nu add-underline"></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="media"> <div class=""> <div class=""> <ul class="linear mu-uc"> <li>15 May 2024</li> <li class="ash">HBS Working Knowledge</li> </ul> <h4 class="kappa-uc"><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/major-roadblock-for-autonomous-cars-motorists-believe-they-drive-better" class="block" style="color: #2AA296;border:!px solid red;">A Major Roadblock for Autonomous Cars: Motorists Believe They Drive Better</a></h4> <div class="nu add-underline"></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="media"> <div class=""> <div class=""> <ul class="linear mu-uc"> <li>26 Mar 2024</li> <li class="ash">HBS Working Knowledge</li> </ul> <h4 class="kappa-uc"><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/how-humans-outshine-ai-in-adapting-to-change" class="block" style="color: #2AA296;border:!px solid red;">How Humans Outshine AI in Adapting to Change</a></h4> <div class="nu add-underline"></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="media"> <div class=""> <div class=""> <ul class="linear mu-uc"> <li>19 Jun 2023</li> <li class="ash">Harvard Business Review</li> </ul> <h4 class="kappa-uc"><a href="https://hbr.org/2023/06/should-you-start-a-generative-ai-company" class="block" style="color: #2AA296;border:!px solid red;">Should You Start a Generative AI Company?</a></h4> <div class="nu add-underline"></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="media"> <div class=""> <div class=""> <ul class="linear mu-uc"> <li>31 Mar 2023</li> <li class="ash">Harvard Business Review</li> </ul> <h4 class="kappa-uc"><a href="https://hbr.org/2023/03/what-is-the-optimal-pattern-of-a-customer-journey" class="block" style="color: #2AA296;border:!px solid red;">What Is the Optimal Pattern of a Customer Journey?</a></h4> <div class="nu add-underline"></div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="more " style=""><span class="widget-popup" style="margin-right:4px;height:11px;margin-top:2px;" aria-hidden="true">→</span><a href="#newsPopupHtml" class="widget-popup">More News for Julian De Freitas</a></div> <div class="html "> <div id="newsPopupHtml" style="display:none;"> <div class="color-framework grid-framework type-framework component-framework pattern-framework responsive-framework"> <div class="white-bg" style="padding:40px;"> <h2 class="kappa">Julian De Freitas In the News</h2> <div class="shim20"></div> <h2 class="kappa">In the News</h2> <div class="shim10"></div> <p class="nu">19 Jan 2025<br>PsyPost<br><a href="https://www.psypost.org/scientists-just-found-a-novel-way-to-uncover-ai-biases-and-the-results-are-unexpected/#google_vignette">Scientists Just Found a Novel Way to Uncover AI Biases — and the Results Are Unexpected</a></p> <p class="nu">15 May 2024<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/major-roadblock-for-autonomous-cars-motorists-believe-they-drive-better">A Major Roadblock for Autonomous Cars: Motorists Believe They Drive Better</a></p> <p class="nu">26 Mar 2024<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/how-humans-outshine-ai-in-adapting-to-change">How Humans Outshine AI in Adapting to Change</a></p> <p class="nu">19 Jun 2023<br>Harvard Business Review<br><a href="https://hbr.org/2023/06/should-you-start-a-generative-ai-company">Should You Start a Generative AI Company?</a></p> <p class="nu">31 Mar 2023<br>Harvard Business Review<br><a href="https://hbr.org/2023/03/what-is-the-optimal-pattern-of-a-customer-journey">What Is the Optimal Pattern of a Customer Journey?</a></p> <p class="nu">19 Dec 2022<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/10-most-popular-articles-of-2022">The 10 Most Popular Articles of 2022</a></p> <p class="nu">17 Aug 2021<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/can-autonomous-vehicles-drive-with-common-sense">Can Autonomous Vehicles Drive with Common Sense?</a></p> <p class="nu">13 Oct 2023<br>Wall Street Journal<br><a href="https://www.wsj.com/business/autos/will-consumers-buy-selfish-self-driving-cars-73ac7d52">Will Consumers Buy ‘Selfish’ Self-Driving Cars?</a></p> <p class="nu">26 Jun 2023<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/summarizing-the-mental-customer-journey-julian-de-freitas">Want to Leave a Lasting Impression on Customers? Don't Forget the (Proverbial) Fireworks</a></p> <p class="nu">24 Feb 2023<br>Harvard Business School<br><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_pW9XTsP_M">Behind the Research: Julian De Freitas</a></p> <p class="nu">21 Sep 2022<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/you-dont-have-to-quit-your-job-to-find-more-meaning-in-life">You Don’t Have to Quit Your Job to Find More Meaning in Life</a></p> <p class="nu">22 Oct 2021<br>Harvard Business School<br><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/news/articles/Pages/julian-de-freitas-profile-2021.aspx">New Faculty Profiles: Julian De Freitas</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> <div class="span3 tablet-span3 sidebar vrule-offset desktop-visible"> <div class="cap tablet-cap mobile-cap"></div> <div class="kappa-uc custom-title" style="margin-bottom: 8px;">Additional Information</div> <div class="sidebar-list" data-wcm-edit-url=""> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Profile Files/De Freitas_Julian_CV_cce6a548-fd2f-4f2e-8a4d-de24e8828b5b.pdf">CV</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="https://www.juliandefreitas.com/">Personal Website</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?user=zCQKP81aEGwC&hl=en">Google Scholar</a></div> <div class="toggle-container"> <div class="toggle-hide"> <div class="toggle-button" style="margin-top: 10px;"><span class="icon-expand"></span> <a class="zen-uc" href="#" role="button">More</a></div> </div> <div class="toggle-show"> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class=""><a href="https://twitter.com/JulianDeFreitas">Twitter</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class=""><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/julian-de-freitas-9924385b/">LinkedIn</a></div> <div class="toggle-button" style="margin-top: 10px;"><span class="icon-collapse"></span> <a class="zen-uc" href="#" role="button">Less</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="sidebar-list" data-wcm-edit-url=""> <h3 class="kappa-uc" style="margin-bottom:8px;">Areas of Interest</h3> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=consumer psychology">consumer psychology</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=ethics">ethics</a></div> <div class="toggle-container"> <div class="toggle-hide"> <div class="toggle-button" style="margin-top: 10px;"><span class="icon-expand"></span> <a class="zen-uc" href="#" role="button">More</a></div> </div> <div class="toggle-show"> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="shim40"></div> <div class="sidebar-list" data-wcm-edit-url=""> <h3 class="kappa-uc" style="margin-bottom:8px;">Additional Topics</h3> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=cognition">cognition</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=conflict">conflict</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=consumer behavior">consumer behavior</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=corporate social responsibility">corporate social responsibility</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=crisis management">crisis management</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=evolutionary theory">evolutionary theory</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=game theory">game theory</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=identity">identity</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=machine learning">machine learning</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=marketing">marketing</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=philanthropy">philanthropy</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?topic=trust">trust</a></div> </div> <div class="shim40"></div> <div class="sidebar-list" data-wcm-edit-url=""> <h3 class="kappa-uc" style="margin-bottom:8px;">Industries</h3> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=advertising">advertising</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=automotive">automotive</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=consumer products">consumer products</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=e-commerce industry">e-commerce industry</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=insurance industry">insurance industry</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=marketing industry">marketing industry</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=nonprofit industry">nonprofit industry</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=software">software</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=transportation">transportation</a></div> <div class="shim10"></div> <div class="" data-wcm-edit-url=""><a href="/faculty/Pages/browse.aspx?industry=video games">video games</a></div> </div> <div class="toggle-button" style="margin-top: 10px;"><span class="icon-collapse"></span> <a class="zen-uc" href="#" role="button">Less</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="shim30"></div> <div class="sidebar-margins"> <h3 class="kappa-uc" style="margin-top: 0px;">In The News</h3> <ul class="media-list3 sidebar-stream "> <li class="media"> <div class=""> <div class=""> <ul class="linear mu-uc"> <li>19 Jan 2025</li> <li class="ash">PsyPost</li> </ul> <h4 class="kappa-uc"><a href="https://www.psypost.org/scientists-just-found-a-novel-way-to-uncover-ai-biases-and-the-results-are-unexpected/#google_vignette" class="block" style="color: #2AA296;border:!px solid red;">Scientists Just Found a Novel Way to Uncover AI Biases — and the Results Are Unexpected</a></h4> <div class="nu add-underline"></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="media"> <div class=""> <div class=""> <ul class="linear mu-uc"> <li>15 May 2024</li> <li class="ash">HBS Working Knowledge</li> </ul> <h4 class="kappa-uc"><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/major-roadblock-for-autonomous-cars-motorists-believe-they-drive-better" class="block" style="color: #2AA296;border:!px solid red;">A Major Roadblock for Autonomous Cars: Motorists Believe They Drive Better</a></h4> <div class="nu add-underline"></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="media"> <div class=""> <div class=""> <ul class="linear mu-uc"> <li>26 Mar 2024</li> <li class="ash">HBS Working Knowledge</li> </ul> <h4 class="kappa-uc"><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/how-humans-outshine-ai-in-adapting-to-change" class="block" style="color: #2AA296;border:!px solid red;">How Humans Outshine AI in Adapting to Change</a></h4> <div class="nu add-underline"></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="media"> <div class=""> <div class=""> <ul class="linear mu-uc"> <li>19 Jun 2023</li> <li class="ash">Harvard Business Review</li> </ul> <h4 class="kappa-uc"><a href="https://hbr.org/2023/06/should-you-start-a-generative-ai-company" class="block" style="color: #2AA296;border:!px solid red;">Should You Start a Generative AI Company?</a></h4> <div class="nu add-underline"></div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="media"> <div class=""> <div class=""> <ul class="linear mu-uc"> <li>31 Mar 2023</li> <li class="ash">Harvard Business Review</li> </ul> <h4 class="kappa-uc"><a href="https://hbr.org/2023/03/what-is-the-optimal-pattern-of-a-customer-journey" class="block" style="color: #2AA296;border:!px solid red;">What Is the Optimal Pattern of a Customer Journey?</a></h4> <div class="nu add-underline"></div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="more " style=""><span class="widget-popup" style="margin-right:4px;height:11px;margin-top:2px;" aria-hidden="true">→</span><a href="#newsPopupHtml" class="widget-popup">More News for Julian De Freitas</a></div> <div class="html "> <div id="newsPopupHtml" style="display:none;"> <div class="color-framework grid-framework type-framework component-framework pattern-framework responsive-framework"> <div class="white-bg" style="padding:40px;"> <h2 class="kappa">Julian De Freitas In the News</h2> <div class="shim20"></div> <h2 class="kappa">In the News</h2> <div class="shim10"></div> <p class="nu">19 Jan 2025<br>PsyPost<br><a href="https://www.psypost.org/scientists-just-found-a-novel-way-to-uncover-ai-biases-and-the-results-are-unexpected/#google_vignette">Scientists Just Found a Novel Way to Uncover AI Biases — and the Results Are Unexpected</a></p> <p class="nu">15 May 2024<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/major-roadblock-for-autonomous-cars-motorists-believe-they-drive-better">A Major Roadblock for Autonomous Cars: Motorists Believe They Drive Better</a></p> <p class="nu">26 Mar 2024<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/how-humans-outshine-ai-in-adapting-to-change">How Humans Outshine AI in Adapting to Change</a></p> <p class="nu">19 Jun 2023<br>Harvard Business Review<br><a href="https://hbr.org/2023/06/should-you-start-a-generative-ai-company">Should You Start a Generative AI Company?</a></p> <p class="nu">31 Mar 2023<br>Harvard Business Review<br><a href="https://hbr.org/2023/03/what-is-the-optimal-pattern-of-a-customer-journey">What Is the Optimal Pattern of a Customer Journey?</a></p> <p class="nu">19 Dec 2022<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/10-most-popular-articles-of-2022">The 10 Most Popular Articles of 2022</a></p> <p class="nu">17 Aug 2021<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/can-autonomous-vehicles-drive-with-common-sense">Can Autonomous Vehicles Drive with Common Sense?</a></p> <p class="nu">13 Oct 2023<br>Wall Street Journal<br><a href="https://www.wsj.com/business/autos/will-consumers-buy-selfish-self-driving-cars-73ac7d52">Will Consumers Buy ‘Selfish’ Self-Driving Cars?</a></p> <p class="nu">26 Jun 2023<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/summarizing-the-mental-customer-journey-julian-de-freitas">Want to Leave a Lasting Impression on Customers? Don't Forget the (Proverbial) Fireworks</a></p> <p class="nu">24 Feb 2023<br>Harvard Business School<br><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_pW9XTsP_M">Behind the Research: Julian De Freitas</a></p> <p class="nu">21 Sep 2022<br>HBS Working Knowledge<br><a href="https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/you-dont-have-to-quit-your-job-to-find-more-meaning-in-life">You Don’t Have to Quit Your Job to Find More Meaning in Life</a></p> <p class="nu">22 Oct 2021<br>Harvard Business School<br><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/news/articles/Pages/julian-de-freitas-profile-2021.aspx">New Faculty Profiles: Julian De Freitas</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="base tablet-base mobile-base"></div> <div class="vrule-gutter-base"></div> </div> </div> </main> </div>  <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div class="back-to-top"><a href="#" class="icon-back-to-top" aria-label="Scroll back to top of page"></a></div><footer role="contentinfo"> <div class="universal-footer noindex" data-feature="universal-footer"> <div class="color-framework grid-framework type-framework component-framework pattern-framework js-framework responsive-framework"> <div class="black-bg link-controller white universal-footer-v3 responsive-type"> <div class="container tablet-container mobile-container"> <div class="shim48 desktop-visible"></div> <div class="shim36 tablet-visible"></div> <div class="shim28 mobile-visible"></div> <div class="hidden">ǁ</div> <div class="row tablet-row mobile-flip crawler-noindex"> <div class="span6 mobile-span6 tablet-span7 mobile-stacks"> <div class="shim2 mobile-visible"></div> <div class="hr white-bg mobile-visible" style="margin-left:0;"></div> <div class="shim34 mobile-visible"></div> <div class="row-left"> <div class="span2 mobile-span1"><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/maps/" id="header-map-pic-tablet" class="default-map-link"><img loading="lazy" width="172" height="160" class="white-stroke4 fluid nowarn" src="https://webassets.hbs.edu/templates/headers/images/footer_baker_172x160.jpg" alt="Campus Map"></a><div class="shim17"></div> </div> <div class="span99 address-block"> Harvard Business School<br> Soldiers Field<br> Boston, MA 02163<br><div class="shim6"></div> <div class="more"> <div class="shim6"></div><span class="txt-arrow" aria-hidden="true">→</span><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/maps/" id="footer-maps" class="default-map-link">Map & Directions</a></div> <div class="more mu"> <div class="shim6"></div><span class="txt-arrow" aria-hidden="true">→</span><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/about/Pages/contact.aspx">More Contact Information</a></div> <div class="shim17 desktop-visible"></div> <div class="shim23 tablet-visible"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="span6 tablet-span5 mobile-span6 mobile-flip-up"> <ul class="social-grid new-grid inherit-color-on-hover"> <li class="fb"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Boston-MA/Harvard-Business-School/66459568171/" class="block inherit-color-onhover" style="text-decoration:none;position:relative;height:48px;width:48px;" aria-label="Facebook"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="48px" height="48px" viewBox="0 0 110 110" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <circle cx="55" cy="55" r="50" stroke-width="6" stroke="currentColor"/></svg><div style="position:absolute;top:9px;left:8px;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 100 100" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <g id="Facebook" fill-rule="nonzero" fill="currentColor"> <path d="M71.644898,50.0163265 L57.6285714,50.0163265 L57.6285714,99.9265306 L36.8938776,99.9265306 L36.8938776,50.0163265 L27.0244898,50.0163265 L27.0244898,32.3673469 L36.8938776,32.3673469 L36.8938776,20.922449 C36.8938776,12.7510204 40.7714286,0.00816326531 57.8408163,0.00816326531 L73.2204082,0.0653061224 L73.2204082,17.2 L62.044898,17.2 C60.2326531,17.2 57.6530612,18.1061224 57.6530612,22.0163265 L57.6530612,32.3673469 L73.4571429,32.3673469 L71.644898,50.0163265 Z"/> </g> </g></svg></div></a></li> <li class="twitter"><a href="https://twitter.com/HarvardHBS" class="block inherit-color-onhover" style="text-decoration:none;position:relative;height:48px;width:48px;" aria-label="Twitter"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="48px" height="48px" viewBox="0 0 110 110" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <circle cx="55" cy="55" r="50" stroke-width="6" stroke="currentColor"/></svg><div style="position:absolute;top:11px;left:11px;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" height="27" width="27" viewBox="0 0 300.00006 244.18703" version="1.1" class="onhover-container twitter-icon" focusable="false"> <g transform="translate(-539.18 -568.86)" fill="currentColor" class="inherit-fill-onhover"> <path d="m633.9 812.04c112.46 0 173.96-93.168 173.96-173.96 0-2.6463-0.0539-5.2806-0.1726-7.903 11.938-8.6302 22.314-19.4 30.498-31.66-10.955 4.8694-22.744 8.1474-35.111 9.6255 12.623-7.5693 22.314-19.543 26.886-33.817-11.813 7.0031-24.895 12.093-38.824 14.841-11.157-11.884-27.041-19.317-44.629-19.317-33.764 0-61.144 27.381-61.144 61.132 0 4.7978 0.5364 9.4646 1.5854 13.941-50.815-2.5569-95.874-26.886-126.03-63.88-5.2508 9.0354-8.2785 19.531-8.2785 30.73 0 21.212 10.794 39.938 27.208 50.893-10.031-0.30992-19.454-3.0635-27.69-7.6468-0.009 0.25652-0.009 0.50661-0.009 0.78077 0 29.61 21.075 54.332 49.051 59.934-5.1376 1.4006-10.543 2.1516-16.122 2.1516-3.9336 0-7.766-0.38716-11.491-1.1026 7.7838 24.293 30.355 41.971 57.115 42.465-20.926 16.402-47.287 26.171-75.937 26.171-4.929 0-9.7983-0.28036-14.584-0.84634 27.059 17.344 59.189 27.464 93.722 27.464"/> </g></svg></div></a></li> <li class="youtube"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/HarvardBSchool/" class="block inherit-color-onhover" style="text-decoration:none;position:relative;height:48px;width:48px;" aria-label="YouTube"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="48px" height="48px" viewBox="0 0 110 110" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <circle cx="55" cy="55" r="50" stroke-width="6" stroke="currentColor"/></svg><div style="position:absolute;top:11px;left:11px;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="27" height="27" viewBox="0 0 100 100" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <g id="Youtube" fill-rule="nonzero" fill="currentColor"> <path d="M95.8333333,27.5 C94.7048223,23.4555714 91.5444286,20.2951777 87.5,19.1666667 C80.0416667,17.1666667 50,17.1666667 50,17.1666667 C50,17.1666667 20.0416667,17.125 12.5,19.1666667 C8.45557138,20.2951777 5.29517772,23.4555714 4.16666667,27.5 C2.7520054,35.1404545 2.05452793,42.896404 2.08333333,50.6666667 C2.05971215,58.4090998 2.75716792,66.1369098 4.16666667,73.75 C5.29517772,77.7944286 8.45557138,80.9548223 12.5,82.0833333 C19.9583333,84.0833333 50,84.0833333 50,84.0833333 C50,84.0833333 79.9583333,84.0833333 87.5,82.0833333 C91.5444286,80.9548223 94.7048223,77.7944286 95.8333333,73.75 C97.2148875,66.1342926 97.8844432,58.4065038 97.8333333,50.6666667 C97.8896269,42.8990092 97.2200504,35.143081 95.8333333,27.5 Z M40.4166667,65 L40.4166667,36.2916667 L65.4166667,50.6666667 L40.4166667,65 Z"/> </g> </g></svg></div></a></li> <li class="linkedin"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/4867" class="block inherit-color-onhover" style="text-decoration:none;position:relative;height:48px;width:48px;" aria-label="LinkedIn"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="48px" height="48px" viewBox="0 0 110 110" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <circle cx="55" cy="55" r="50" stroke-width="6" stroke="currentColor"/></svg><div style="position:absolute;top:12px;left:13px;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="23" height="23" viewBox="0 0 100 100" version="1.1" class="onhover-container" focusable="false"> <g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <g fill-rule="nonzero" fill="currentColor" class="linkedin inherit-fill-onhover"> <path d="M24.4043689,12.3014563 C24.4043689,19.0956311 18.9412621,24.6031553 12.2021845,24.6031553 C5.4631068,24.6031553 0,19.0956311 0,12.3014563 C-1.72461829e-15,5.50752427 5.4631068,0 12.2021845,0 C18.9415049,0 24.4043689,5.50752427 24.4043689,12.3014563 Z M22.618932,33.3332524 L1.98373786,33.3332524 L1.98373786,100 L22.618932,100 L22.618932,33.3332524 L22.618932,33.3332524 Z M55.6046117,33.3332524 L35.8131068,33.3332524 L35.8131068,100 L55.6046117,100 C55.6046117,100 55.6046117,75.2725728 55.6046117,65.0046117 C55.6046117,55.6298544 59.9199029,50.0495146 68.1791262,50.0495146 C75.7684466,50.0495146 79.4143204,55.4065534 79.4143204,65.0046117 C79.4143204,74.6029126 79.4143204,100 79.4143204,100 L99.9495146,100 C99.9495146,100 99.9495146,75.6446602 99.9495146,57.7876214 C99.9495146,39.9305825 89.8308252,31.2995146 75.6936893,31.2995146 C61.5565534,31.2995146 55.6043689,42.3114078 55.6043689,42.3114078 L55.6043689,33.3332524 L55.6046117,33.3332524 Z" class="linkedin-icon"/> </g> </g></svg></div></a></li> <li class="default instagram"><a href="https://instagram.com/harvardhbs" class="block inherit-color-onhover" style="text-decoration:none;position:relative;height:48px;width:48px;" aria-label="Instagram"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="48px" height="48px" viewBox="0 0 110 110" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <circle cx="55" cy="55" r="50" stroke-width="6" stroke="currentColor"/></svg><div style="position:absolute;top:11px;left:11px;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="26" height="26" style="black-fill" viewBox="0 0 100 100" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M50,0 C36.4166667,0 34.7208333,0.0625 29.3875,0.3 C24.0625,0.55 20.4375,1.3875 17.25,2.625 C13.9625,3.9 11.1708333,5.6125 8.39166667,8.39166667 C5.6125,11.1708333 3.89583333,13.9583333 2.625,17.25 C1.3875,20.4375 0.545833333,24.0625 0.3,29.3875 C0.05,34.7208333 0,36.4166667 0,50 C0,63.5833333 0.0625,65.2791667 0.3,70.6125 C0.55,75.9333333 1.3875,79.5625 2.625,82.75 C3.9,86.0333333 5.6125,88.8291667 8.39166667,91.6083333 C11.1708333,94.3833333 13.9583333,96.1041667 17.25,97.375 C20.4416667,98.6083333 24.0666667,99.4541667 29.3875,99.7 C34.7208333,99.95 36.4166667,100 50,100 C63.5833333,100 65.2791667,99.9375 70.6125,99.7 C75.9333333,99.45 79.5625,98.6083333 82.75,97.375 C86.0333333,96.1 88.8291667,94.3833333 91.6083333,91.6083333 C94.3833333,88.8291667 96.1041667,86.0458333 97.375,82.75 C98.6083333,79.5625 99.4541667,75.9333333 99.7,70.6125 C99.95,65.2791667 100,63.5833333 100,50 C100,36.4166667 99.9375,34.7208333 99.7,29.3875 C99.45,24.0666667 98.6083333,20.4333333 97.375,17.25 C96.1,13.9625 94.3833333,11.1708333 91.6083333,8.39166667 C88.8291667,5.6125 86.0458333,3.89583333 82.75,2.625 C79.5625,1.3875 75.9333333,0.545833333 70.6125,0.3 C65.2791667,0.05 63.5833333,0 50,0 Z M50,9 C63.3458333,9 64.9375,9.06666667 70.2083333,9.29583333 C75.0833333,9.525 77.7291667,10.3333333 79.4875,11.025 C81.8291667,11.9291667 83.4875,13.0125 85.2458333,14.7583333 C86.9916667,16.5083333 88.075,18.1708333 88.9791667,20.5125 C89.6625,22.2708333 90.4791667,24.9166667 90.7,29.7916667 C90.9375,35.0666667 90.9916667,36.65 90.9916667,50 C90.9916667,63.35 90.9291667,64.9375 90.6833333,70.2083333 C90.4291667,75.0833333 89.6166667,77.7291667 88.9291667,79.4875 C87.9958333,81.8291667 86.9333333,83.4875 85.1833333,85.2458333 C83.4375,86.9916667 81.75,88.075 79.4333333,88.9791667 C77.6833333,89.6625 74.9958333,90.4791667 70.1208333,90.7 C64.8125,90.9375 63.25,90.9916667 49.875,90.9916667 C36.4958333,90.9916667 34.9333333,90.9291667 29.6291667,90.6833333 C24.75,90.4291667 22.0625,89.6166667 20.3125,88.9291667 C17.9416667,87.9958333 16.3125,86.9333333 14.5666667,85.1833333 C12.8125,83.4375 11.6916667,81.75 10.8166667,79.4333333 C10.1291667,77.6833333 9.32083333,74.9958333 9.06666667,70.1208333 C8.87916667,64.8708333 8.8125,63.25 8.8125,49.9375 C8.8125,36.6208333 8.87916667,34.9958333 9.06666667,29.6833333 C9.32083333,24.8083333 10.1291667,22.125 10.8166667,20.375 C11.6916667,18 12.8125,16.375 14.5666667,14.6208333 C16.3125,12.875 17.9416667,11.75 20.3125,10.8791667 C22.0625,10.1875 24.6916667,9.375 29.5666667,9.125 C34.8791667,8.9375 36.4416667,8.875 49.8125,8.875 L50,9 L50,9 Z M50,24.325 C35.8125,24.325 24.325,35.825 24.325,50 C24.325,64.1875 35.825,75.675 50,75.675 C64.1875,75.675 75.675,64.175 75.675,50 C75.675,35.8125 64.175,24.325 50,24.325 Z M50,66.6666667 C40.7916667,66.6666667 33.3333333,59.2083333 33.3333333,50 C33.3333333,40.7916667 40.7916667,33.3333333 50,33.3333333 C59.2083333,33.3333333 66.6666667,40.7916667 66.6666667,50 C66.6666667,59.2083333 59.2083333,66.6666667 50,66.6666667 Z M82.6916667,23.3125 C82.6916667,26.625 80,29.3125 76.6916667,29.3125 C73.3791667,29.3125 70.6916667,26.6208333 70.6916667,23.3125 C70.6916667,20.0041667 73.3833333,17.3166667 76.6916667,17.3166667 C79.9958333,17.3125 82.6916667,20.0041667 82.6916667,23.3125 Z"/></svg></div></a></li> <li class="default itunes"><a href="https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/cold-call/id1156646189" class="block inherit-color-onhover" style="text-decoration:none;position:relative;height:48px;width:48px;" aria-label="Itunes"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="48px" height="48px" viewBox="0 0 110 110" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <circle cx="55" cy="55" r="50" stroke-width="6" stroke="currentColor"/></svg><div style="position:absolute;top:10px;left:10px;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="27" height="27" viewBox="0 0 170 170" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <path fill="currentColor" d="m150.37 130.25c-2.45 5.66-5.35 10.87-8.71 15.66-4.58 6.53-8.33 11.05-11.22 13.56-4.48 4.12-9.28 6.23-14.42 6.35-3.69 0-8.14-1.05-13.32-3.18-5.197-2.12-9.973-3.17-14.34-3.17-4.58 0-9.492 1.05-14.746 3.17-5.262 2.13-9.501 3.24-12.742 3.35-4.929 0.21-9.842-1.96-14.746-6.52-3.13-2.73-7.045-7.41-11.735-14.04-5.032-7.08-9.169-15.29-12.41-24.65-3.471-10.11-5.211-19.9-5.211-29.378 0-10.857 2.346-20.221 7.045-28.068 3.693-6.303 8.606-11.275 14.755-14.925s12.793-5.51 19.948-5.629c3.915 0 9.049 1.211 15.429 3.591 6.362 2.388 10.447 3.599 12.238 3.599 1.339 0 5.877-1.416 13.57-4.239 7.275-2.618 13.415-3.702 18.445-3.275 13.63 1.1 23.87 6.473 30.68 16.153-12.19 7.386-18.22 17.731-18.1 31.002 0.11 10.337 3.86 18.939 11.23 25.769 3.34 3.17 7.07 5.62 11.22 7.36-0.9 2.61-1.85 5.11-2.86 7.51zm-31.26-123.01c0 8.1021-2.96 15.667-8.86 22.669-7.12 8.324-15.732 13.134-25.071 12.375-0.119-0.972-0.188-1.995-0.188-3.07 0-7.778 3.386-16.102 9.399-22.908 3.002-3.446 6.82-6.3113 11.45-8.597 4.62-2.2516 8.99-3.4968 13.1-3.71 0.12 1.0831 0.17 2.1663 0.17 3.2409z"/></svg></div></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@harvardhbs?lang=en" class="block inherit-color-onhover" style="text-decoration:none;position:relative;height:48px;width:48px;" aria-label="TikTok"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="48px" height="48px" viewBox="0 0 110 110" version="1.1" focusable="false"> <circle cx="55" cy="55" r="50" stroke-width="6" stroke="currentColor"/></svg><div style="position:absolute;top:2px;left:3px;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="43" height="43" version="1.1" id="tik_tok" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 96 96" xml:space="preserve"> <g id="TikTok" fill-rule="nonzero" fill="currentColor"> <g> <path d="M66.9,29.6c-3.3-2.2-5.8-5.7-6.5-9.7c-0.2-0.9-0.3-1.8-0.3-2.7H49.4l0,42.7c-0.2,4.8-4.1,8.6-8.9,8.6 c-1.5,0-2.9-0.4-4.2-1c-2.9-1.5-4.8-4.5-4.8-7.9c0-4.9,4-9,9-9c0.9,0,1.8,0.2,2.6,0.4v-8.4v-2.5c-0.9-0.1-1.7-0.2-2.6-0.2 c-10.8,0-19.6,8.8-19.6,19.6c0,6.6,3.3,12.5,8.4,16.1c3.2,2.2,7.1,3.6,11.2,3.6c10.8,0,19.6-8.8,19.6-19.6V37.9 c4.2,3,9.3,4.8,14.8,4.8v-8.3V32C72,32,69.2,31.1,66.9,29.6z"/> </g> </g> </svg></div></a></li> </ul> <ul class="social-grid new-grid inherit-color-on-hover"> <li class="default more white" style="box-sizing:border-box;height:30px;padding-top: 5px;padding-left: 1px;"> <div class="button-partial"><a href="https://community.alumni.harvard.edu/give/16040805?appealcode=BW004" class="button hbsred-bg white white-bg-onhover hbsred-onhover hbsred-onhover-border eta regular" style="border: 2px solid #A41034; border: 1px solid white; display:inline-block; padding: 3px 3px; text-decoration: none; min-width: 176px; box-sizing: border-box;text-align:center;">Make a Gift</a></div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="shim17"></div> <div class="shim15 mobile-visible"></div> </div> <div class="universal-footer-copyright"> <div class="container tablet-container mobile-container nu"> <div class="shim12"></div> <div> <ul class="linear footer-links"> <li><a class="footer-sitemap" data-link-id="footer-sitemap" href="https://www.hbs.edu/siteindex/">Site Map</a></li> <li><a class="footer-employment" data-link-id="footer-employment" href="https://www.hbs.edu/employment/">Jobs</a></li> <li><a class="footer-harvard" data-link-id="footer-harvard" href="https://www.harvard.edu/">Harvard University</a></li> <li><a class="footer-trademarks" data-link-id="footer-trademarks" href="https://trademark.harvard.edu/pages/trademark-notice/">Trademarks</a></li> <li><a class="footer-policy" data-link-id="footer-policy" href="https://www.hbs.edu/about/campus-and-culture/policies/Pages/default.aspx">Policies</a></li> <li><a class="footer-accessibility-harvard" data-link-id="footer-accessibility-harvard" href="https://accessibility.harvard.edu/">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a class="footer-accessibility" data-link-id="footer-accessibility" href="https://accessibility.huit.harvard.edu/digital-accessibility-policy">Digital Accessibility</a></li> </ul> <div class="shim12"></div> <div class="copy-msg">Copyright <span aria-hidden="true">©</span> President & Fellows of Harvard College.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://webassets.hbs.edu/libs/jquery/1.8.3/jquery.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://webassets.hbs.edu/libs/framework/1.0/js/framework.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://webassets.hbs.edu/libs/analytics/1.0/analytics-disabled.min.js"></script><script>window.assets = "https://webassets.hbs.edu"</script><script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-N2NWNWX');</script><script>window.IgnoreAnalyticsOverlay = true</script><script src="/faculty/js/faculty.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script> jQuery(function($){ if (window.headerinit) return; window.headerinit = 1; function toggleSearch(){ var $el = $('.universal-banner-search-toggle'); var val = $('.universal-banner-search-input .universal-site-search-query').val(); if ($el.hasClass('toggled') && $.trim(val)) { $('.universal-banner-search-input .universal-site-search-button').click() return; } $el.toggleClass('toggled'); if ($el.hasClass('toggled')) { window.setTimeout(function(){ $('.universal-site-search-query').focus(); },300) } $('.universal-banner-search-input').toggleClass('open'); } $(document).on('click','.universal-banner-search-toggle',function(){ toggleSearch(this); return false; }) $(".universal-banner-search-toggle").on("click",function(){ toggleSearch(this); return false; }) $(".slider-container").on('close',function(){ $(".universal-banner-hamburger").removeClass('open'); $(".universal-banner-menu-toggle").removeClass('toggled'); $("body").removeClass('slider-is-open'); }) $(document).on("click",".universal-banner-menu-toggle",function(){ if ($(this).hasClass('toggled')) { $('.slider-close').eq(0).click(); $(".universal-banner-hamburger").removeClass('open'); $(".universal-banner-menu-toggle").removeClass('toggled'); $("body").removeClass('slider-is-open'); } else { $('.slider-open').eq(0).click(); $("body").addClass('slider-is-open'); $('.universal-banner-hamburger').addClass('open'); $(".universal-banner-menu-toggle").addClass('toggled'); } //window.scrollTo(0,0); return false; }) $(".skipto").on("click",function(){ console.log("skip to main content"); $($(this).attr('href')).get(0).focus(); }) }); $(document).on( 'framework.resize', function() { // wait .1 seconds because the classes needed to adjust the min/max height haven't been added at this point // TODO: this is a bit kludgey and should be revisited setTimeout( function() { if (window.stickyHeader) { stickyHeader.setMinHeight(); stickyHeader.setMaxHeight(); stickyHeader.triggerExpand(); if ($(".page-header").hasClass('page-header-online')) { stickyHeader.triggerDisappear(); } } }, 100 ); }); function StickyHeader(){ this.hasScrolled = false; this.lastScrollTop = -1; this.currentHeight = 0; this.isVisible = false; this.disabled = false; this.velocitySamples = []; this.debug = $("#sticky-header-debug"); this.buildHeader(); this.setMinHeight(); this.setMaxHeight(); } StickyHeader.prototype.temporarilyDisabled = function() { this.disabled = true; var self = this; window.setTimeout(function(){ self.disabled = false; },500); } /* determine if the header navigation should be displayed while the user is scrolling down */ StickyHeader.prototype.setMinHeight = function() { // if the screen width is within the mobile or tablet range, hide the navigation on scroll, otherwise, show it if ($(".page-header").hasClass('page-header-online') && $( '.ua-mobile, .ua-tablet' ).length) { this.minHeight = 40; } else if ($(".page-header").hasClass('page-header-online')) { this.minHeight = 90; } else if ($( '.ua-mobile, .ua-tablet' ).length) { this.minHeight = 0; } else { this.minHeight = 40 } } /* determine how big the header should be when the user starts to scroll up */ StickyHeader.prototype.setMaxHeight = function() { // clear out the current max height this.maxHeight = 0; // add up the heights of the cloned stiky header elements as the new max height $( '.sticky-header-cloned' ).each( function( index, element ) { this.maxHeight += $( element ).height(); }.bind( this ) ); // Override for HBS online if($(".page-header").hasClass('page-header-online')) { if ($( '.ua-mobile, .ua-tablet' ).length > 0) { this.maxHeight = 0; } else { this.maxHeight = 90; } } } StickyHeader.prototype.buildHeader = function() { var headerHeight = $(".page-header").height(); // Override for HBS online if($(".page-header").hasClass('page-header-online')) { headerHeight = 0; } this.appearsAt = $(".page-header").offset().top + headerHeight; this.sticky = $('<div id="sticky-header" style="height:0; top: -5px;"></div>'); this.stickyWrap = $('<div class="wrapper"></div>'); var container = $(".site-header").parents('.grid-framework'); $( '.universal-banner, .site-header' ).each( function( index, element ) { this.stickyWrap.append( $( element ).clone() ); $( element ).addClass( 'sticky-header-cloned' ); }.bind( this ) ); this.sticky.append(this.stickyWrap); $(".sticky-header-container").append(this.sticky); } StickyHeader.prototype.triggerDisappear = function(){ this.sticky.addClass('at-scroll-top'); this.isVisible = false; this.currentHeight = 0; this.sticky.css('height',this.currentHeight); $("body").removeClass("sticky-header-active"); $("body").removeClass('sticky-header-expanded'); } StickyHeader.prototype.triggerAppear = function(){ if ($("body").hasClass('slider-is-open')) return; this.isVisible = true; $("body").addClass("sticky-header-active"); } StickyHeader.prototype.triggerExpand = function(){ if (this.disabled) return; if ($("body").hasClass('slider-is-open')) return; if (this.currentHeight == this.maxHeight) return; this.sticky.css('height',this.maxHeight-1); this.currentHeight = this.maxHeight; $("body").addClass('sticky-header-expanded'); } StickyHeader.prototype.triggerShrink = function(){ if ($( '.ua-mobile, .ua-tablet' ).length == 0 || !$(".page-header").hasClass('page-header-online')) { this.sticky.removeClass('at-scroll-top'); } var self = this; window.requestAnimationFrame(function(){ var newHeight = 0; if (self.isVisible) { newHeight = self.minHeight; } if (self.currentHeight == newHeight) return; self.sticky.css('height',newHeight); self.currentHeight = newHeight; $("body").removeClass('sticky-header-expanded'); }) } StickyHeader.prototype.redraw = function() { // This is costly to performance but unavoidable //const pageY = window.scrollY; //This throws a syntax error in IE11. var pageY = window.pageYOffset; var scrollUp = pageY < this.lastScrollTop; var scrollDistance = pageY - this.lastScrollTop; this.velocitySamples.push(Math.abs(scrollDistance)); if (this.velocitySamples.length > 10) { this.velocitySamples.shift(); } var totalDistance = 0; for (var i = 0;i<this.velocitySamples.length;i++){ totalDistance += this.velocitySamples[i]; } var velocity = totalDistance / this.velocitySamples.length; var debugVars = {}; if (pageY != this.lastScrollTop) { debugVars.pageY = pageY; debugVars.minHeight = this.minHeight; debugVars.maxHeight = this.maxHeight; debugVars.appearsAt = this.appearsAt; debugVars.velocity = velocity; debugVars.disabled = this.disabled; var html = ''; $.each(debugVars,function(k,v){ html += '<div>' + k + ': '+v +'</div>'; }) this.debug.html(html); if (pageY >= this.appearsAt) { this.triggerAppear(); } if ($(".page-header").hasClass('page-header-online') && $('.table-of-contents-wrapper').length && $('.table-of-contents-wrapper.jump-to').length == 0){ var tocWrap = $('.table-of-contents-wrapper'); var toc = tocWrap.children('.table-of-contents'); var tocItems = toc.find('.toc-item'); var stickyHeight = this.maxHeight; if ((pageY + stickyHeight) > tocWrap.offset().top && !toc.hasClass('sticky')) { toc.addClass('sticky'); } else if ((pageY + stickyHeight) <= tocWrap.offset().top && toc.hasClass('sticky')) { toc.removeClass('sticky'); } if (toc.hasClass('sticky')) { tocItems.each(function( index ) { var section = $($(this).children("a.toc-jump").attr("href")); if (section.length) { var sectionTop = section.offset().top - 45; var pageHeight = pageY + stickyHeight + toc.height(); if ((pageHeight > sectionTop) && !$(this).hasClass('current')) { tocItems.removeClass('current'); $(this).addClass('current'); } else if ((pageHeight <= sectionTop) && $(this).hasClass('current')) { $(this).removeClass('current'); } } }); } } if (pageY <= 0) { this.triggerDisappear(); } else if (scrollUp) { console.log('scroll up'); if ($(".page-header").hasClass('page-header-online') && pageY < (this.appearsAt - this.maxHeight)) { this.triggerDisappear(); } else if (velocity > 5 || pageY < this.appearsAt) { this.triggerExpand(); } } else if (pageY > this.appearsAt) { // If HBS online and mobile hide the sticky header if ($(".page-header").hasClass('page-header-online') && $( '.ua-mobile, .ua-tablet' ).length > 0) { this.triggerDisappear(); } this.triggerShrink(); } this.lastScrollTop = pageY; } this.hasScrolled = false; }; var _domready = _domready || []; _domready.push(function(){ if (document.getElementById('wcm-react-root')) return; if (window.stickyHeaderDisabled) return; window.stickyHeader = new StickyHeader(); var _onScroll = function () { if (!window.stickyHeader.hasScrolled) { window.requestAnimationFrame(function(){ window.stickyHeader.redraw(); }); } window.stickyHeader.hasScrolled = true; window.requestAnimationFrame(_onScroll); }; _onScroll(); //without this, the header flickers on online window.setTimeout(function(){ _onScroll(); },250) $(document).on('delay-sticky-nav',function(){ window.stickyHeader.temporarilyDisabled(); }) // needed for facet pages http://www.hbs.edu/news/Pages/default.aspx $(document).on('click',".facetctrl-sticky.active",function(){ $(document).trigger('delay-sticky-nav'); }) $(document).on('click',".filter-sticky.fixed",function(){ $(document).trigger('delay-sticky-nav'); }) }); jQuery(function($){ //Bio content originating from RIS is inconsistent. JS to handle that. var contents = $.trim($(".briefbio .contents").text()); if (contents == '') { if($(".fullbio > p").length) { var firstpara = $(".fullbio > p").eq(0).html(); $(".briefbio .contents").html(firstpara); if ($.trim($(".briefbio .contents").text()) == $.trim($(".fullbio > p").text())) { $(".moreless").css("visibility","hidden") } } else if($(".fullbio > br").length) { var firstpara = $(".fullbio").html().split("<br>")[0]; $(".briefbio .contents").html(firstpara); if ($.trim($(".briefbio .contents").text()) == $(".fullbio").html()) { $(".moreless").css("visibility","hidden") } } } $(".toggle-bio a.moreless").click(function(){ $(".fullbio").toggle(); $(".briefbio").toggle(); return false; }); }) jQuery(function($){ }); </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Julian De Freitas - Faculty & Research - Harvard Business School