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Harvard University
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data-depth="2" data-attribute="harvard-museums-of-science-and-culture" class="nav-primary__action nav-primary__action--depth-2"> <strong class="nav-primary__item-title"> <span class="nav-primary__item-title-text"> Harvard Museums of Science and Culture </span> </strong> </a></li> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-2 nav-primary__item--layout-standard_list"><a href="http://www.huh.harvard.edu/" data-depth="2" data-attribute="harvard-university-herbaria" class="nav-primary__action nav-primary__action--depth-2"> <strong class="nav-primary__item-title"> <span class="nav-primary__item-title-text"> Harvard University Herbaria </span> </strong> </a></li> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-2 nav-primary__item--layout-standard_list"><a href="http://mgmh.fas.harvard.edu/" data-depth="2" data-attribute="mineralogical-and-geological-museum" class="nav-primary__action nav-primary__action--depth-2"> <strong class="nav-primary__item-title"> <span 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</div> <div class="nav-primary__subsec-header"> <strong class="nav-primary__subsec-title"> <a href="https://www.harvard.edu/in-focus/" class="nav-primary__subsec-title-link" rel="bookmark" data-attribute="in-focus" > In Focus <span class="icon icon-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> </strong> <span class="nav-primary__subsec-description"> Explore a curated examination of Harvard's research, scholarly work, and community. Recent topics include: </span> </div> </div> <ol class="nav-primary__child-list nav-primary__child-list--depth-1 "> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-1 nav-primary__item--has-children nav-primary__item--sub-mob-vis-true"><button title="Toggle Sub-Menu" data-js="trigger-child-menu" id="menu-item-64103" data-id="64103" data-id-parent="61337" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="menu-item-child-64103" data-depth="1" data-attribute="research-powers-progress" class="nav-primary__action nav-primary__action--depth-1 nav-primary__action--has-children"><span class="nav-primary__action-text">Research Powers Progress<span class="icon icon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></span></button> <div class="nav-primary__child nav-primary__child--depth-2"id="menu-item-child-64103" data-js="child-menu" data-depth="2" aria-labelledby="menu-item-64103" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="nav-primary__subsec nav-primary__subsec--top nav-primary__subsec--has-content 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data-attribute="explore-all-that-research-has-made-possible" > <span class="icon icon-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></span>Explore all that research has made possible </a> </div> </div> <ol class="nav-primary__child-list nav-primary__child-list--depth-2 nav-primary__child-list--layout-content_cards"><li class="nav-primary__item-content_cards-wrapper"><strong class="nav-primary__item--content-card-title" id="content-card-title-64103">What's inside?</strong><ol class="nav-primary__list-content_cards-wrapper" aria-labelledby="content-card-title-64103"> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-2 nav-primary__item--layout-content_cards"><a href="https://seas.harvard.edu/news/2025/01/out-lab-and-patients-hands" data-depth="2" data-attribute="regaining-mobility-after-a-stroke" class="nav-primary__action nav-primary__action--depth-2"> <figure class="nav-primary__item-image c-image" style="padding-top: 66.666666666667%;"> <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="A man wears a robotic vest while two researchers look on" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Robots_Stroke2.jpg?w=300 300w 200h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Robots_Stroke2.jpg?w=600 600w 400h" style="background-image:url('');"></div> </figure> <strong class="nav-primary__item-title"> <span class="nav-primary__item-title-text"> Regaining mobility after a stroke </span> </strong> </a></li> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-2 nav-primary__item--layout-content_cards"><a href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2025/03/early-detection-of-alzheimers-may-start-with-simple-test/" data-depth="2" data-attribute="identifying-alzheimers-years-before-symptoms-appear" class="nav-primary__action nav-primary__action--depth-2"> <figure class="nav-primary__item-image c-image" style="padding-top: 44.857142857143%;"> <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="Illustration of neurons" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Neurons-copy.jpg?w=300 300w 135h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Neurons-copy.jpg?w=600 600w 269h" style="background-image:url('');"></div> </figure> <strong class="nav-primary__item-title"> <span class="nav-primary__item-title-text"> Identifying Alzheimer’s years before symptoms appear </span> </strong> </a></li> </ol></li></ol> </div> </li> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-1 nav-primary__item--has-children nav-primary__item--sub-mob-vis-true"><button title="Toggle Sub-Menu" data-js="trigger-child-menu" id="menu-item-63602" data-id="63602" data-id-parent="61337" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="menu-item-child-63602" data-depth="1" data-attribute="welcome-to-harvard" class="nav-primary__action nav-primary__action--depth-1 nav-primary__action--has-children"><span class="nav-primary__action-text">Welcome to Harvard<span class="icon icon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></span></button> <div class="nav-primary__child nav-primary__child--depth-2"id="menu-item-child-63602" data-js="child-menu" data-depth="2" aria-labelledby="menu-item-63602" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="nav-primary__subsec nav-primary__subsec--top nav-primary__subsec--has-content nav-primary__subsec--depth-2"> <div class="nav-primary__back nav-primary__back--depth-2"> <button id="menu-item-back-63602" class="nav-primary__back-action nav-primary__back-action--depth-2" title="Return to main menu" data-js="trigger-menu-return" aria-label="Return to main menu" aria-controls="menu-item-child-63602" aria-expanded="true" > <span class="nav-primary__back-action-icon icon icon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> In Focus </button> </div> <div class="nav-primary__subsec-header"> <strong class="nav-primary__subsec-title"> Welcome to Harvard </strong> <span class="nav-primary__subsec-description"> Where world-class faculty and talented students come together to pursue knowledge, conduct groundbreaking research, and produce transformative scholarly work to help create a better world. </span> <a href="https://www.harvard.edu/in-focus/welcome-to-harvard/" class="nav-primary__subsec-cta" rel="bookmark" data-attribute="get-to-know-harvard" > <span class="icon icon-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></span>Get to know Harvard </a> </div> </div> <ol class="nav-primary__child-list nav-primary__child-list--depth-2 nav-primary__child-list--layout-content_cards"><li class="nav-primary__item-content_cards-wrapper"><strong class="nav-primary__item--content-card-title" id="content-card-title-63602">What's inside</strong><ol class="nav-primary__list-content_cards-wrapper" aria-labelledby="content-card-title-63602"> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-2 nav-primary__item--layout-content_cards"><a 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aria-controls="menu-item-child-63243" aria-expanded="true" > <span class="nav-primary__back-action-icon icon icon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> In Focus </button> </div> <div class="nav-primary__subsec-header"> <strong class="nav-primary__subsec-title"> Innovations from Harvard </strong> <span class="nav-primary__subsec-description"> For nearly 400 years, the Harvard community has made important contributions to scientific, scholarly, and humanitarian progress. </span> <a href="https://www.harvard.edu/in-focus/innovation/" class="nav-primary__subsec-cta" rel="bookmark" data-attribute="explore-our-long-history-of-innovation" > <span class="icon icon-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></span>Explore our long history of innovation </a> </div> </div> <ol class="nav-primary__child-list nav-primary__child-list--depth-2 nav-primary__child-list--layout-content_cards"><li class="nav-primary__item-content_cards-wrapper"><strong class="nav-primary__item--content-card-title" id="content-card-title-63243">Some pioneering moments</strong><ol class="nav-primary__list-content_cards-wrapper" aria-labelledby="content-card-title-63243"> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-2 nav-primary__item--layout-content_cards"><a href="https://youtu.be/gzCDOSQ6Cio" data-depth="2" data-attribute="learn-about-the-first-organ-transplant" class="nav-primary__action nav-primary__action--depth-2"> <figure class="nav-primary__item-image c-image" style="padding-top: 71.625%;"> <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="A black and white image of an organ transplant operation" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Kidney-Transplant.jpg?w=300 300w 215h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Kidney-Transplant.jpg?w=600 600w 430h" style="background-image:url('');"></div> </figure> <strong class="nav-primary__item-title"> <span class="nav-primary__item-title-text"> Learn about the first organ transplant </span> </strong> </a></li> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-2 nav-primary__item--layout-content_cards"><a href="https://gocrimson.com/sports/2020/5/5/information-facilities-Harvard-Stadium-Football-History" data-depth="2" data-attribute="explore-harvards-role-in-footballs-forward-pass" class="nav-primary__action nav-primary__action--depth-2"> <figure class="nav-primary__item-image c-image" style="padding-top: 66.6015625%;"> <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="A football player gets set to pass the football" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/102619_LA_FBAL_216.jpg?w=300 300w 200h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/102619_LA_FBAL_216.jpg?w=600 600w 399h" style="background-image:url('');"></div> </figure> <strong class="nav-primary__item-title"> <span class="nav-primary__item-title-text"> Explore Harvard's role in football's forward pass </span> </strong> </a></li> </ol></li></ol> </div> </li> </ol></div> </li> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-0 nav-primary__item--has-children"><button title="Toggle Sub-Menu" data-js="trigger-child-menu" id="menu-item-5404" data-id="5404" data-id-parent="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="menu-item-child-5404" data-bgd-image-id="0-5404-0" data-depth="0" data-attribute="visit" class="nav-primary__action nav-primary__action--depth-0 nav-primary__action--has-children"><span class="nav-primary__action-text">Visit</span></button> <div class="nav-primary__child nav-primary__child--depth-1"id="menu-item-child-5404" data-js="child-menu" data-depth="1" aria-labelledby="menu-item-5404" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="nav-primary__subsec nav-primary__subsec--top nav-primary__subsec--has-content nav-primary__subsec--depth-1"> <div class="nav-primary__back nav-primary__back--depth-1"> 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aria-hidden="true"></span> About </button> </div> <div class="nav-primary__subsec-header"> <strong class="nav-primary__subsec-title"> History of Harvard </strong> <span class="nav-primary__subsec-description"> Harvard is perhaps best-known because of its enduring history of innovation in education. But even die-hard Harvard buffs are not likely to know all of these Harvard firsts and historical snippets. </span> <a href="https://www.harvard.edu/about/history/" class="nav-primary__subsec-cta" rel="bookmark" data-attribute="learn-more-about-harvards-history" > <span class="icon icon-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></span>Learn more about Harvard's history </a> </div> </div> <ol class="nav-primary__child-list nav-primary__child-list--depth-2 nav-primary__child-list--layout-standard_list"> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-2 nav-primary__item--layout-standard_list"><a href="https://www.harvard.edu/about/history/timeline/" data-depth="2" data-attribute="history-timeline" class="nav-primary__action nav-primary__action--depth-2"> <strong class="nav-primary__item-title"> <span class="nav-primary__item-title-text"> History timeline </span> </strong> </a></li> <li class="nav-primary__item nav-primary__item--depth-2 nav-primary__item--layout-standard_list"><a 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people.</p> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> </div> </header> </div> <div class="b-hero__bottom-line"></div> <div class="b-hero__featured-article-wrap"> <div class="b-hero__featured-article"> <p class="body-text b-hero__featured-article-text">David Walt is researching whether certain proteins in the brain can shed light on how depression develops, which would allow scientists to identify potential treatments. </p> <a class="b-featured-stories__slide-cta a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right " href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2024/10/how-to-fight-depression-faster/"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about his research and findings </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="c-block b-spacer t-theme--light desktop-only reduce-spacing" ></div> <section class=" c-block b-media-text c-block--layout-left c-block--width-grid t-theme--light content-vertical" > <div class="b-media-text__container l-container"> <div class="b-media-text__media"> <div 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b-media-text__content-container c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <p class="c-block__leadin b-media-text__leadin c-content-block__leadin" > Harvard School Of Engineering And Applied Sciences</p> <h2 class="c-block__title b-media-text__title h3 c-content-block__title" > Regained mobility for stroke survivors</h2> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> <div class="c-block__description b-media-text__text t-sink s-sink c-content-block__content"> <p>This soft, wearable robotic device developed at the Harvard Move Lab is helping stroke survivors and people with other movement impairments regain mobility and independence.</p> </div> <p class="c-content-block__cta"> <a class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right c-content-block__cta-link" href="https://seas.harvard.edu/news/2025/01/out-lab-and-patients-hands" aria-label="Check out the new device"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Check out the new device </span> </a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class=" c-block b-media-text c-block--layout-right c-block--width-grid c-block--is-video t-theme--light content-vertical" > <div class="b-media-text__container l-container"> <div class="b-media-text__media"> <div class="c-video__block"> <div class="c-video--lazy c-video c-video--trigger-bottom" data-js="c-video" data-embed-id="1033495008" data-embed-provider="Vimeo" data-embed-title="World’s first CRISPR medicine" > <div class="c-video__wrapper"> <img class="c-video__thumbnail lazyload" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/16x9.png" data-src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-03-at-3.04.35 PM.png?w=1920&h=1080&crop=1" role="presentation" alt="" /> <div class="c-video__trigger-action"> <span class="c-video__trigger-icon icon-play" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span id="v-67f94e15e713d-title" class="c-video__trigger-label"> World’s first CRISPR medicine </span> </div> </div> <a id="v-67f94e15e713d-link" href="https://vimeo.com/1033495008" class="c-video__trigger" data-js="c-video-trigger" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-labelledby="v-67f94e15e713d-title" aria-describedby="v-67f94e15e713d-link" >Click to Play Video</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="b-media-text__content"> <div class="c-block__content-block c-block__header b-media-text__content-container c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <p class="c-block__leadin b-media-text__leadin c-content-block__leadin" > Harvard Medical School</p> <h2 class="c-block__title b-media-text__title h3 c-content-block__title" > New treatment for sickle cell patients</h2> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> <div class="c-block__description b-media-text__text t-sink s-sink c-content-block__content"> <p>A new FDA-approved gene therapy from Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute promises to have a monumental impact on patients with sickle cell disease across the United States and around the world.</p> </div> <p class="c-content-block__cta"> <a class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right c-content-block__cta-link" href="https://hms.harvard.edu/news/creating-worlds-first-crispr-medicine-sickle-cell-disease" aria-label="Learn more about the breakthrough"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about the breakthrough </span> </a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class=" c-block b-media-text c-block--layout-left c-block--width-grid t-theme--light content-vertical" > <div class="b-media-text__container l-container"> <div class="b-media-text__media"> <div class="b-media-text__img-wrap"> <figure class="c-image" > <img decoding="async" class="c-image__image lazyload" alt="Students wearing backpacks walk down a corridor" data-expand="200" data-parent-fit="width" data-src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/090321_SEC_classroom_0841.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1" srcset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-srcset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/090321_SEC_classroom_0841.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/090321_SEC_classroom_0841.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1 768w 576h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/090321_SEC_classroom_0841.jpg?w=1536&h=1152&crop=1 1536w 1152h" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png" /> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="b-media-text__content"> <div class="c-block__content-block c-block__header b-media-text__content-container c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <p class="c-block__leadin b-media-text__leadin c-content-block__leadin" > Harvard Graduate School of Education</p> <h2 class="c-block__title b-media-text__title h3 c-content-block__title" > Keeping kids in school</h2> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> <div class="c-block__description b-media-text__text t-sink s-sink c-content-block__content"> <p>Researchers found that chronic absenteeism could be reduced by mailing monthly personalized letters to families informing them of how often their child was out of school. These so-called “nudge letters” reduced chronic absenteeism by 10–15%. </p> </div> <p class="c-content-block__cta"> <a class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right c-content-block__cta-link" href="https://www.gse.harvard.edu/ideas/ed-magazine/24/05/um-where-everybody" aria-label="Read more about the initiative "> <span class="a-btn__text"> Read more about the initiative </span> </a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class=" c-block b-card-grid full_width query_type_manual t-theme--light" > <div class="b-card-grid__container l-container"> <header class="c-block__content-block c-block__header b-card-grid__header c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <h2 class="c-block__title b-card-grid__title h3 c-content-block__title" > The people behind the research </h2> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> <div class="c-block__description b-card-grid__description t-sink s-sink c-content-block__content"> <p>These experts, researchers, scientists, and scholars are working every day to make a difference.</p> </div> </div> </header> <div class="b-card-grid__loop g-3-up" > <div class="c-card-link-wrapper" > <div class="c-card has-target-link" > <div class="c-card__media"> <figure class="c-image--bg c-card__image c-image" > <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="Two researchers sit at a table with a laptop" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/022625_Bence_Olveczky_Portrait_0110-crop.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1 768w 576h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/022625_Bence_Olveczky_Portrait_0110-crop.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" style="background-image:url('https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png');"></div> </figure> </div> <div class="c-card__content"> <h3 class="c-card__title" id="p-67f94e15e858d-title"> <span>Implications for autism </span></h3> <div class="t-sink s-sink c-card__description"> <p>Researchers Ugne Klibaite and Bence Ölveczky are working on a new AI method that may better explain the relationship between the brain and social behavior, with possible implications for conditions such as autism.</p></div> </div> <div class="c-card__cta"aria-hidden="true"> <div class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about the autism research </span> </div> </div> <a class="c-card__wrapper-link" id="p-67f94e15e858d-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15e858d-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15e858d-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2025/03/how-rat-watching-can-yield-benefits-for-people/"> Learn more about the autism research </a> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-link-wrapper" > <div class="c-card has-target-link" > <div class="c-card__media"> <figure class="c-image--bg c-card__image c-image" > <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="A researcher sits in a lab" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Brandon-Campbell.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1 768w 576h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Brandon-Campbell.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" style="background-image:url('https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png');"></div> </figure> </div> <div class="c-card__content"> <h3 class="c-card__title" id="p-67f94e15e85d9-title"> <span>Lowering prescription drug costs</span></h3> <div class="t-sink s-sink c-card__description"> <p>Chemist and Harvard Griffin GSAS Ph.D. candidate Brandon Campbell has developed an innovative method of fluorination that could help reduce the cost of prescription drugs.</p></div> </div> <div class="c-card__cta"aria-hidden="true"> <div class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Read more about the method </span> </div> </div> <a class="c-card__wrapper-link" id="p-67f94e15e85d9-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15e85d9-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15e85d9-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://gsas.harvard.edu/news/colloquy-podcast-cheaper-way-make-drugs"> Read more about the method </a> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-link-wrapper" > <div class="c-card has-target-link" > <div class="c-card__media"> <figure class="c-image--bg c-card__image c-image" > <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="A researcher stands in a surgical room" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/110824_GutBrain_Trisha_0113.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1 768w 576h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/110824_GutBrain_Trisha_0113.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" style="background-image:url('https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png');"></div> </figure> </div> <div class="c-card__content"> <h3 class="c-card__title" id="p-67f94e15e85f8-title"> <span>Understanding Parkinson’s disease</span></h3> <div class="t-sink s-sink c-card__description"> <p>Harvard Medical School’s Trisha Pasricha was one of the researchers involved in a study which found that Parkinson’s disease originates in the gut before affecting the central nervous system.</p></div> </div> <div class="c-card__cta"aria-hidden="true"> <div class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Explore the Parkinson’s discovery </span> </div> </div> <a class="c-card__wrapper-link" id="p-67f94e15e85f8-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15e85f8-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15e85f8-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2024/12/does-parkinsons-start-in-the-gut-brain-microbiome/"> Explore the Parkinson’s discovery </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-block--remove-padding c-block b-news t-theme--light" > <div class="b-news__container l-container"> <header class="c-block__content-block c-block__header b-news__header c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <h2 class="c-block__title b-news__title h3 c-content-block__title" > Improving lives</h2> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> </div> </header> <div class="b-news__wrap"> <div class="b-news__left"> <div class="b-news__first"> <figure class="b-news__first-img main-image c-image" > <img decoding="async" class="c-image__image" alt="A father and son stand together outside" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Rare-disease-copy.jpg?w=736&h=491&crop=1" sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" srcset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Rare-disease-copy.jpg?w=736&h=491&crop=1 736w 491h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Rare-disease-copy.jpg?w=736&h=491&crop=1 736w 491h" /> </figure> <ul class="b-news__category"> <li> <span class="b-news__category__item" > Harvard Medical School</span> </li> </ul> <h3 id="p-67f94e15e9fbb-title" class="h3 b-news__first-title"> <span>Solving medicine’s most elusive mysteries</span> </h3> <p class="p b-news__first-excerpt">Although rare diseases occur in a relatively small number of people—fewer than 200,000 per condition in the U.S.—collectively, they affect an estimated 25 million people in this country and 300 million globally. The Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) identifies the rarest of diseases and discovers new ones. Harvard Medical School helms the UDN’s research activities and leads its data operations. </p> <a class="b-news__first-cta is-target-link" id="p-67f94e15e9fbb-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15e9fbb-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15e9fbb-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://magazine.hms.harvard.edu/articles/solving-medicines-most-elusive-mysteries"> Solving medicine’s most elusive mysteries </a> </div> </div> <div class="b-news__right"> <div class="b-news__side-wrap"> <div class="b-news__side-content"> <ul class="b-news__side-category"> <li> <span class="b-news__category__item" > Harvard School of Dental Medicine</span> </li> </ul> <h3 id="p-67f94e15ea475-title" class="b-news__side-title"> <span>Revolutionizing dental care</span> </h3> <p class="p b-news__side-excerpt" > A new adhesive patch can seal wounds and treat painful oral lesions in the mouth.</p> </div> <figure class="b-news__side-img side-img c-image" > <img decoding="async" class="c-image__image" alt="A dentist works on a patient in an exam room" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/092418_Dental_School_079.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1" sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" srcset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/092418_Dental_School_079.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/092418_Dental_School_079.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" /> </figure> <a class="b-news__side-cta is-target-link" id="p-67f94e15ea475-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15ea475-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15ea475-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://www.hsdm.harvard.edu/news/2024/11/slug-slime-inspires-adhesive-hydrogel-treating-oral-lesions"> Revolutionizing dental care </a> </div> <div class="b-news__side-wrap"> <div class="b-news__side-content"> <ul class="b-news__side-category"> <li> <span class="b-news__category__item" > Dana-Farber Cancer Institute</span> </li> </ul> <h3 id="p-67f94e15ea8f2-title" class="b-news__side-title"> <span>Making cancer connections</span> </h3> <p class="p b-news__side-excerpt" > Research from Harvard-affiliated Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found exercise can help colon cancer survivors live longer.</p> </div> <figure class="b-news__side-img side-img c-image" > <img decoding="async" class="c-image__image" alt="Two people running at dawn" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/CHi_j0109_4-1-scaled.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1" sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" srcset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/CHi_j0109_4-1-scaled.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/CHi_j0109_4-1-scaled.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" /> </figure> <a class="b-news__side-cta is-target-link" id="p-67f94e15ea8f2-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15ea8f2-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15ea8f2-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2025/03/more-evidence-of-power-of-exercise-in-study-of-colon-cancer-survival/"> Making cancer connections </a> </div> <div class="b-news__side-wrap"> <div class="b-news__side-content"> <ul class="b-news__side-category"> <li> <span class="b-news__category__item" > Mass General Brigham</span> </li> </ul> <h3 id="p-67f94e15eacff-title" class="b-news__side-title"> <span>Increasing lifespan</span> </h3> <p class="p b-news__side-excerpt" > A Harvard study found replacing butter with plant-based oils cut premature death risk by 17%. </p> </div> <figure class="b-news__side-img side-img c-image" > <img decoding="async" class="c-image__image" alt="Butter on a plate and oil in a glass" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/butter-vs-oil.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1" sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" srcset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/butter-vs-oil.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/butter-vs-oil.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" /> </figure> <a class="b-news__side-cta is-target-link" id="p-67f94e15eacff-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15eacff-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15eacff-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2025/03/a-dietary-swap-that-could-lengthen-your-life/"> Increasing lifespan </a> </div> <div class="b-news__side-wrap"> <div class="b-news__side-content"> <ul class="b-news__side-category"> <li> <span class="b-news__category__item" > Harvard Chan School</span> </li> </ul> <h3 id="p-67f94e15eb170-title" class="b-news__side-title"> <span>Understanding infectious disease</span> </h3> <p class="p b-news__side-excerpt" > A research team is harnessing AI to model infectious disease epidemics.</p> </div> <figure class="b-news__side-img side-img c-image" > <img decoding="async" class="c-image__image" alt="A person wears a full protective suit while assessing patients in a car" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/051220_features_1192.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1" sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" srcset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/051220_features_1192.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/051220_features_1192.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" /> </figure> <a class="b-news__side-cta is-target-link" id="p-67f94e15eb170-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15eb170-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15eb170-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://hsph.harvard.edu/news/harnessing-ai-to-model-infectious-disease-epidemics/"> Understanding infectious disease </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-block--remove-top-padding b-columns--remove-line c-block b-columns t-theme--light"> <div class="l-container b-columns__container"> <div class="c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> </div> </div> <div class="b-columns__list b-columns__row b-columns--count-3"> <div class="b-columns__col"> <div class="b-columns__col-content t-sink s-sink" > <h3 class="h-default is-style-h4">Multiple sclerosis</h3> <p><img decoding="async" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/MS-copy.jpg" alt="Gloved hands handling a test tube in a lab" /><br /> In 2022, a team of scientists at Harvard Chan School made a groundbreaking discovery. They found that multiple sclerosis, a disease that affects about 2.9 million people worldwide and for which there is currently no cure, is <a href="https://hsph.harvard.edu/news/epstein-barr-virus-may-be-leading-cause-of-multiple-sclerosis/">likely caused by infection with the Epstein-Barr virus</a>.</p> <h3 class="h-default is-style-h4">Hearing loss</h3> <p><img decoding="async" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/ear2.jpg" alt="an ear." /><br /> Hearing loss affects 430 million people worldwide, and 90% of those affected have hearing loss caused by destruction of the hair cells responsible for relaying sounds to the brain, which cannot regenerate. A research team has now created a drug-like cocktail of different molecules that <a href="https://hms.harvard.edu/news/scientists-regenerate-hair-cells-enable-hearing">successfully regenerated hair cells</a> in mouse models. </p> </div> </div> <div class="b-columns__col"> <div class="b-columns__col-content t-sink s-sink" > <h3 class="h-default is-style-h4">Alzheimer’s</h3> <p><img decoding="async" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Neurons-copy.jpg" alt="Illustration of neurons" /><br /> Worldwide, more than 55 million people are living with dementia. Researchers from Harvard-affiliated Mass General Brigham developed an at-home olfactory test that can <a href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2025/03/early-detection-of-alzheimers-may-start-with-simple-test/">identify those at risk of Alzheimer’s</a> years before symptoms appear. Earlier detection would allow doctors to intervene early.</p> <h3 class="h-default is-style-h4">Tuberculosis</h3> <p><img decoding="async" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/TB.jpg" alt="Orange and yellow particles on a green background representing the bacterium that causes TB" /><br /> Tuberculosis remains one of the top infectious disease killers worldwide, a challenge amplified by drug-resistant forms of the disease. In a major step forward, an international clinical trial including Harvard Medical School found <a href="https://hms.harvard.edu/news/study-finds-three-new-safe-effective-ways-treat-drug-resistant-tuberculosis">three new safe and effective drug regimens</a> for tuberculosis that is resistant to the most common antibiotic.</p> </div> </div> <div class="b-columns__col"> <div class="b-columns__col-content t-sink s-sink" > <h3 class="h-default is-style-h4">Heart attack and stroke</h3> <p><img decoding="async" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/heart-600.jpg" alt="A model of a heart"/><br /> For people who have had a heart attack or stroke, statins—the most prescribed class of drugs to treat high cholesterol—lower cholesterol and the risk of a second heart attack or stroke. Now, two studies show that statins are <a href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2023/12/dont-need-high-cholesterol-to-benefit-from-statins/"> also protective for high-risk groups</a> who haven’t yet had a heart attack or stroke but could be at risk of one.</a> </p> <h3 class="h-default is-style-h4"> Diabetes and obesity</h3> <p><img decoding="async" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/blood-sugar_crop.jpg" alt="Hands holding a device that checks blood sugar." /><br /> Type 2 diabetes affects nearly 400 million people worldwide, and obesity is estimated to affect about one billion. Harvard Medical School researcher Joel Habener discovered glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a molecule that has become the basis for therapies which have <a href="https://hms.harvard.edu/news/harvard-medical-school-researcher-wins-2024-lasker-award-work-led-glp-1-therapies">transformed the treatment of diabetes and obesity</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="wp-block-group t-sink l-sink s-sink alignfull is-style-group-dark-bg c-block--remove-padding"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/> </div></div> <section class="c-block--remove-padding c-block b-interstitial t-theme--light" > <div class="l-container"> <div class="b-interstitial__content"> <div class="c-block__content-block c-block__header b-interstitial__content-container c-content-block c-content-block--layout-" > <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="b-interstitial__wrap"> <div class="b-interstitial__container"> <div class="b-interstitial__media b-interstitial__media-overlay--darker"> <div class="b-interstitial__figure c-image--bg c-image" > <div class="b-interstitial__img b-interstitial__img--desktop c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="A robobee on a finger" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Robobee-e1473081706400-1.png?w=2000 2000w 1299h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Robobee-e1473081706400-1.png?w=1152 1152w 748h" style="background-image:url('');"></div> </div> </div> <div class="b-interstitial__content"> <div class="c-block__featured_content-block c-block__featured_header b-interstitial__featured_content-container t-theme--light c-content-block c-content-block--layout-" > <h3 class="c-block__title b-interstitial__feature-title h3 c-content-block__title" > Rolling out new robots</h3> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> <div class="c-block__description b-interstitial__feature-text t-sink s-sink c-content-block__content"> <p>Harvard scientists are bringing inspirations from nature and art into robotic innovations. </p> <p>Researchers at the Wyss Institute are developing <a href="https://wyss.harvard.edu/technology/robobees-autonomous-flying-microrobots/">RoboBees—a flying robot about half the size of a paper clip</a>—to perform roles in agriculture and disaster relief.</p> <p>Researchers at Harvard’s School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have developed a way to adapt Kirigami, the Japanese art of paper cutting. Using the latest laser cutting technology, <a href="https://seas.harvard.edu/news/2019/12/programming-kirigami">engineers programmed kirigami surfaces</a> to ultimately integrate the design into sensors, stretchable electronics, smart displays, and other soft robotic materials.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="c-block b-spacer t-theme--light desktop-only no-line reduce-spacing" ></div> <section class=" c-block b-media-text c-block--layout-left c-block--width-grid t-theme--light content-vertical" > <div class="b-media-text__container l-container"> <div class="b-media-text__media"> <div class="b-media-text__img-wrap"> <figure class="c-image" > <img decoding="async" class="c-image__image lazyload" alt="Three researchers in a lab" data-expand="200" data-parent-fit="width" data-src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/011525_Kang_Kuen_Ni_Quantum_123.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1" srcset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-srcset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/011525_Kang_Kuen_Ni_Quantum_123.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/011525_Kang_Kuen_Ni_Quantum_123.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1 768w 576h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/011525_Kang_Kuen_Ni_Quantum_123.jpg?w=1536&h=1152&crop=1 1536w 1152h" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png" /> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="b-media-text__content"> <div class="c-block__content-block c-block__header b-media-text__content-container c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <p class="c-block__leadin b-media-text__leadin c-content-block__leadin" > Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences</p> <h2 class="c-block__title b-media-text__title h3 c-content-block__title" > Uncovering new realms in quantum computing</h2> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> <div class="c-block__description b-media-text__text t-sink s-sink c-content-block__content"> <p>A team of Harvard scientists succeeded for the first time in trapping molecules to perform quantum operations. The findings open new realms of possibility for harnessing the complexity of molecular structures for future applications.</p> </div> <p class="c-content-block__cta"> <a class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right c-content-block__cta-link" href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2025/01/researchers-make-leap-in-quantum-computing-molecules/" aria-label="Learn more about the future of quantum computing"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about the future of quantum computing </span> </a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class=" c-block b-media-text c-block--layout-right c-block--width-grid c-block--is-video t-theme--light content-vertical" > <div class="b-media-text__container l-container"> <div class="b-media-text__media"> <div class="c-video__block"> <div class="c-video--lazy c-video c-video--trigger-bottom" data-js="c-video" data-embed-id="BVaEZUr64jE" data-embed-provider="YouTube" data-embed-title="Stem cell therapy safely restores cornea’s surface in clinical trial" > <div class="c-video__wrapper"> <img class="c-video__thumbnail lazyload" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/16x9.png" data-src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/vision-human-eye2.jpg?w=1920&h=1045&crop=1" role="presentation" alt="" /> <div class="c-video__trigger-action"> <span class="c-video__trigger-icon icon-play" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span id="v-67f94e15edfe1-title" class="c-video__trigger-label"> Stem cell therapy safely restores cornea’s surface in clinical trial </span> </div> </div> <a id="v-67f94e15edfe1-link" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BVaEZUr64jE&t=2s" class="c-video__trigger" data-js="c-video-trigger" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-labelledby="v-67f94e15edfe1-title" aria-describedby="v-67f94e15edfe1-link" >Click to Play Video</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="b-media-text__content"> <div class="c-block__content-block c-block__header b-media-text__content-container c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <h2 class="c-block__title b-media-text__title h3 c-content-block__title" > Repairing eye damage </h2> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> <div class="c-block__description b-media-text__text t-sink s-sink c-content-block__content"> <p>Cornea injuries that deplete the limbal epithelial cells, which can never regenerate, cause patients persistent pain and visual difficulties. A clinical trial led by Harvard-affiliated Mass Eye and Ear took stem cells from a healthy eye and transplanted them into a damaged eye, safely restoring the corneal surfaces of 14 patients.</p> </div> <p class="c-content-block__cta"> <a class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right c-content-block__cta-link" href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2025/03/new-hope-for-repairing-eye-damage-once-thought-untreatable/" aria-label="Explore the life-changing trial"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Explore the life-changing trial </span> </a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class=" c-block b-media-text c-block--layout-left c-block--width-grid t-theme--light content-vertical" > <div class="b-media-text__container l-container"> <div class="b-media-text__media"> <div class="b-media-text__img-wrap"> <figure class="c-image" > <img decoding="async" class="c-image__image lazyload" alt="A trail through a forest" data-expand="200" data-parent-fit="width" data-src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/081022_Harvard_Forest_54.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1" srcset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-srcset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/081022_Harvard_Forest_54.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/081022_Harvard_Forest_54.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1 768w 576h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/081022_Harvard_Forest_54.jpg?w=1536&h=1152&crop=1 1536w 1152h" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png" /> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="b-media-text__content"> <div class="c-block__content-block c-block__header b-media-text__content-container c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <p class="c-block__leadin b-media-text__leadin c-content-block__leadin" > Harvard Forest</p> <h2 class="c-block__title b-media-text__title h3 c-content-block__title" > How some rainfall can actually lead to drought</h2> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> <div class="c-block__description b-media-text__text t-sink s-sink c-content-block__content"> <p>Research from Harvard Forest identified a crucial relationship between precipitation patterns and soil types in New England. Short bursts of rain onto rocky New England soil leads to rapid drainage without enough time for water to be effectively retained in upper soil layers.</p> </div> <p class="c-content-block__cta"> <a class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right c-content-block__cta-link" href="https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/news/new-research-harvard-forest-reveals-how-intense-rainfall-contributes-future-droughts" aria-label="Discover how short bursts of rain can lead to drought"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Discover how short bursts of rain can lead to drought </span> </a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-block--remove-bottom-padding c-block b-card-grid full_width query_type_manual t-theme--light" > <div class="b-card-grid__container l-container"> <header class="c-block__content-block c-block__header b-card-grid__header c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <h2 class="c-block__title b-card-grid__title h3 c-content-block__title" > The people behind the research </h2> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> </div> </header> <div class="b-card-grid__loop g-3-up" > <div class="c-card-link-wrapper" > <div class="c-card has-target-link" > <div class="c-card__media"> <figure class="c-image--bg c-card__image c-image" > <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="Xi Dawn Chen stands outside" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Dawn-headshot-crop2.jpg?w=730&h=486&crop=1 730w 486h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Dawn-headshot-crop2.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" style="background-image:url('https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png');"></div> </figure> </div> <div class="c-card__content"> <h3 class="c-card__title" id="p-67f94e15eef26-title"> <span>Gene editing</span></h3> <div class="t-sink s-sink c-card__description"> <p>Ph.D. student Xi Dawn Chen’s development of an innovative gene-editing tool will help researchers understand which specific mutations lead to conditions such as cancer, blood disorders, and genetic syndromes.</p></div> </div> <div class="c-card__cta"aria-hidden="true"> <div class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about the gene editing research </span> </div> </div> <a class="c-card__wrapper-link" id="p-67f94e15eef26-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15eef26-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15eef26-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://gsas.harvard.edu/news/chen-receives-2025-weintraub-award-outstanding-research-biological-sciences"> Learn more about the gene editing research </a> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-link-wrapper" > <div class="c-card has-target-link" > <div class="c-card__media"> <figure class="c-image--bg c-card__image c-image" > <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="SEAS alum Chris Wagner" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/ChrisWagner_SEAS.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1 768w 576h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/ChrisWagner_SEAS.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" style="background-image:url('https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png');"></div> </figure> </div> <div class="c-card__content"> <h3 class="c-card__title" id="p-67f94e15eef4c-title"> <span>Cancer</span></h3> <div class="t-sink s-sink c-card__description"> <p>Alum Chris Wagner is designing a technology and software platform to help surgeons target even the most difficult tumors. The needle-shaped device delivers precise bursts of heat to destroy tumors without damaging the surrounding tissue.</p></div> </div> <div class="c-card__cta"aria-hidden="true"> <div class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about the cancer research </span> </div> </div> <a class="c-card__wrapper-link" id="p-67f94e15eef4c-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15eef4c-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15eef4c-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://seas.harvard.edu/news/2024/05/alumni-profile-chris-wagner-sm-02-phd-06"> Learn more about the cancer research </a> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-link-wrapper" > <div class="c-card has-target-link" > <div class="c-card__media"> <figure class="c-image--bg c-card__image c-image" > <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="Nonie Lesaux stis at a table" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/032025_Nonie_Lesaux_0121-crop.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1 768w 576h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/032025_Nonie_Lesaux_0121-crop.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" style="background-image:url('https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png');"></div> </figure> </div> <div class="c-card__content"> <h3 class="c-card__title" id="p-67f94e15eef69-title"> <span>Children’s literacy</span></h3> <div class="t-sink s-sink c-card__description"> <p>Nonie Lesaux developed a series of briefs to help the New York State Education Department better understand what scientific research says about how children learn strong reading and writing skills.</p></div> </div> <div class="c-card__cta"aria-hidden="true"> <div class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about the literacy research </span> </div> </div> <a class="c-card__wrapper-link" id="p-67f94e15eef69-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15eef69-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15eef69-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://www.gse.harvard.edu/ideas/usable-knowledge/24/06/what-exactly-science-reading"> Learn more about the literacy research </a> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-link-wrapper" > <div class="c-card has-target-link" > <div class="c-card__media"> <figure class="c-image--bg c-card__image c-image" > <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="Marcella Alsan leans against a brick pillar" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/092821_Alsan_Marcella_03crop.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1 768w 576h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/092821_Alsan_Marcella_03crop.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" style="background-image:url('https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png');"></div> </figure> </div> <div class="c-card__content"> <h3 class="c-card__title" id="p-67f94e15eef82-title"> <span>Rehabilitation</span></h3> <div class="t-sink s-sink c-card__description"> <p>Harvard Kennedy School’s Marcella Alsan found that inmates who took part in a county jail education program were less likely to return to jail. They also built their skill sets at relatively low cost.</p></div> </div> <div class="c-card__cta"aria-hidden="true"> <div class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about the incarceration and rehabilitation research </span> </div> </div> <a class="c-card__wrapper-link" id="p-67f94e15eef82-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15eef82-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15eef82-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://www.hks.harvard.edu/faculty-research/policy-topics/social-policy/developing-rehabilitation-program-works-incarcerated"> Learn more about the incarceration and rehabilitation research </a> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-link-wrapper" > <div class="c-card has-target-link" > <div class="c-card__media"> <figure class="c-image--bg c-card__image c-image" > <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="A faculty member stands with her arms crossed" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/paulsonElisabeth-220817-0484crop2.jpg?w=554&h=370&crop=1 554w 370h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/paulsonElisabeth-220817-0484crop2.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" style="background-image:url('https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png');"></div> </figure> </div> <div class="c-card__content"> <h3 class="c-card__title" id="p-67f94e15eef9b-title"> <span>Social wellbeing</span></h3> <div class="t-sink s-sink c-card__description"> <p>Harvard Business School’s Elisabeth Paulson studies how to efficiently and fairly design and allocate resources—especially limited resources in the public sector or nonprofits—with the goal of improving social wellbeing.</p></div> </div> <div class="c-card__cta"aria-hidden="true"> <div class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about the allocating resources research </span> </div> </div> <a class="c-card__wrapper-link" id="p-67f94e15eef9b-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15eef9b-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15eef9b-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://www.hbs.edu/news/articles/Pages/elisabeth-paulson.aspx"> Learn more about the allocating resources research </a> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-link-wrapper" > <div class="c-card has-target-link" > <div class="c-card__media"> <figure class="c-image--bg c-card__image c-image" > <div class="c-image__image lazyload" role="img" aria-label="Zheng-Yi Chen in front of bookshelves" data-expand="200" data-sizes="(min-width: 1260px) 1260px, 100vw" data-bgset="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/heng-yi-chen-copy.jpg?w=768&h=576&crop=1 768w 576h, https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/heng-yi-chen-copy.jpg?w=375&h=281&crop=1 375w 281h" style="background-image:url('https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/core/assets/img/theme/shims/four-three.png');"></div> </figure> </div> <div class="c-card__content"> <h3 class="c-card__title" id="p-67f94e15eefb4-title"> <span>Hearing</span></h3> <div class="t-sink s-sink c-card__description"> <p>A gene-therapy breakthrough that allows congenitally deaf children to hear was co-led by Mass Eye and Ear’s Zheng-Yi Chen. The work may yield other treatments for millions of children with genetic hearing loss.</p></div> </div> <div class="c-card__cta"aria-hidden="true"> <div class="c-block__cta-link a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about the gene therapy research </span> </div> </div> <a class="c-card__wrapper-link" id="p-67f94e15eefb4-link" aria-labelledby="p-67f94e15eefb4-title" aria-describedby="p-67f94e15eefb4-link" data-js="target-link" href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2024/01/gene-therapy-breakthrough-allows-congenitally-deaf-children-to-hear/"> Learn more about the gene therapy research </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class=" c-block b-header t-theme--light"> <div class="l-container b-header__container"> <header class="c-block__content-block c-block__header b-header__header c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <h2 class="c-block__title b-header__title h3 c-content-block__title" > Progress in practice</h2> <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> </div> </header> <hr class="b-header__border" /> </div> </section> <section class=" c-block b-featured-stories t-theme--light"> <div class="b-featured-stories__container"> <div class="c-content-block c-content-block--layout-left" > <div class="c-content-block__content-wrap"> </div> </div> <div class="b-featured-stories__slider c-slider c-slider__main--has-arrows"> <div class="c-slider--carousel-pull-right__wrap c-slider__main swiper-container" data-swiper-options="{ "speed": 300, "loop": false, "slidesPerView": "auto", "centeredSlides": "true","a11y": "true", "keyboard": "true", "grabCursor": "true", "pagination": { "el": ".swiper-pagination", "type": "fraction" }, "breakpoints": { "960": { "speed": 700 } } }" data-js="c-slider"> <div class="c-slider__wrapper swiper-wrapper"> <div class="c-slider--carousel-pull-right__slide c-slider__slide swiper-slide"> <div class="b-featured-stories__wrapper"><div class="b-featured-stories__img"> <figure class=" c-image" > <img decoding="async" class=" c-image__image" alt="" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Six-layers-of-excitatory-neurons-colored-by-depth-copy.jpg?w=624&h=375&crop=1" /> </figure> </div><div class="b-featured-stories__slide-content t-sink s-sink"> <h3 class="b-featured-stories__slide-title" > Exploring the brain</h3> <div class="b-featured-stories__slide-desc t-sink" > A Harvard team, in collaboration with scientists at Google Research, published the largest-ever dataset of neural connections. </div> <a class="b-featured-stories__slide-cta a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right " data-js="b-featured-stories-cta" href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2024/05/the-brain-as-weve-never-seen-it/"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about the collaboration </span> </a> </div></div> </div> <div class="c-slider--carousel-pull-right__slide c-slider__slide swiper-slide"> <div class="b-featured-stories__wrapper"><div class="b-featured-stories__img"> <figure class=" c-image" > <img decoding="async" class=" c-image__image" alt="" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Phytoplankton.jpg?w=500&h=281&crop=1" /> </figure> </div><div class="b-featured-stories__slide-content t-sink s-sink"> <h3 class="b-featured-stories__slide-title" > Exploring the environment</h3> <div class="b-featured-stories__slide-desc t-sink" > A project by Harvard Extension School students, working with NASA, focused on analyzing data to better understand the natural phenomenon of phytoplankton, a crucial part of the Earth’s ecosystem. </div> <a class="b-featured-stories__slide-cta a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right " data-js="b-featured-stories-cta" href="https://extension.harvard.edu/blog/data-science-capstone-team-collaborates-with-nasa/#The-Capstone-Research-Process"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Explore the research and findings </span> </a> </div></div> </div> <div class="c-slider--carousel-pull-right__slide c-slider__slide swiper-slide"> <div class="b-featured-stories__wrapper"><div class="b-featured-stories__img"> <figure class=" c-image" > <img decoding="async" class=" c-image__image" alt="" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/090518_first_week_RL_0159_1300.jpg?w=500&h=333&crop=1" /> </figure> </div><div class="b-featured-stories__slide-content t-sink s-sink"> <h3 class="b-featured-stories__slide-title" > Investigating classroom interactions</h3> <div class="b-featured-stories__slide-desc t-sink" > Ph.D. student Farah Mallah investigated what impact adding an AP class in high school would have on cross-income interactions among students. </div> <a class="b-featured-stories__slide-cta a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right " data-js="b-featured-stories-cta" href="https://www.gse.harvard.edu/ideas/ed-magazine/24/11/economic-connectedness-and-classroom-interactions"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Discover the link between AP courses and cross-income interactions </span> </a> </div></div> </div> <div class="c-slider--carousel-pull-right__slide c-slider__slide swiper-slide"> <div class="b-featured-stories__wrapper"><div class="b-featured-stories__img"> <figure class=" c-image" > <img decoding="async" class=" c-image__image" alt="" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/TeleHealth-e1743609461578.jpg?w=500&h=333&crop=1" /> </figure> </div><div class="b-featured-stories__slide-content t-sink s-sink"> <h3 class="b-featured-stories__slide-title" > Analyzing digital healthcare</h3> <div class="b-featured-stories__slide-desc t-sink" > Meighan Parker, a lawyer and Harvard Divinity School alum, is researching the legal implications of health sector technologies designed to democratize healthcare, especially in marginalized communities.</div> <a class="b-featured-stories__slide-cta a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right " data-js="b-featured-stories-cta" href="https://www.hds.harvard.edu/news/2024/12/03/meighan-parker-mts-15"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Explore the implications of digital healthcare </span> </a> </div></div> </div> <div class="c-slider--carousel-pull-right__slide c-slider__slide swiper-slide"> <div class="b-featured-stories__wrapper"><div class="b-featured-stories__img"> <figure class=" c-image" > <img decoding="async" class=" c-image__image" alt="" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Woman-at-Desk-unsplash_600.jpg?w=500&h=333&crop=1" /> </figure> </div><div class="b-featured-stories__slide-content t-sink s-sink"> <h3 class="b-featured-stories__slide-title" > Understanding change in business</h3> <div class="b-featured-stories__slide-desc t-sink" > Harvard Business School's Anjali Bhatt studies how organizations, which are collective groups of individuals, move from one side of behaviors and patterns and beliefs to another.</div> <a class="b-featured-stories__slide-cta a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right " data-js="b-featured-stories-cta" href="https://www.hbs.edu/news/articles/Pages/anjali-bhatt.aspx"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Read more about how we adjust to change in the workplace </span> </a> </div></div> </div> <div class="c-slider--carousel-pull-right__slide c-slider__slide swiper-slide"> <div class="b-featured-stories__wrapper"><div class="b-featured-stories__img"> <figure class=" c-image" > <img decoding="async" class=" c-image__image" alt="" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Genesee-County-Sheriffs-Office-IGNITE-GCSO-13-2400x1600-1-1500x1000-copy.jpg?w=500&h=333&crop=1" /> </figure> </div><div class="b-featured-stories__slide-content t-sink s-sink"> <h3 class="b-featured-stories__slide-title" > Examining prison programs </h3> <div class="b-featured-stories__slide-desc t-sink" > A study co-authored by Harvard Law expert Crystal Yang shows that an innovative new jail education program reduces recidivism and improves lives.</div> <a class="b-featured-stories__slide-cta a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right " data-js="b-featured-stories-cta" href="https://hls.harvard.edu/today/harvard-law-researcher-finds-positive-results-from-jail-education-program-in-michigan/"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Learn more about the program that reduces recidivism </span> </a> </div></div> </div> <div class="c-slider--carousel-pull-right__slide c-slider__slide swiper-slide"> <div class="b-featured-stories__wrapper"><div class="b-featured-stories__img"> <figure class=" c-image" > <img decoding="async" class=" c-image__image" alt="" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/SimTable.jpg?w=500&h=334&crop=1" /> </figure> </div><div class="b-featured-stories__slide-content t-sink s-sink"> <h3 class="b-featured-stories__slide-title" > Researching ways to design better</h3> <div class="b-featured-stories__slide-desc t-sink" > At the Graduate School of Design, students use a Simtable, a high-tech sand table that uses GIS data and computational modeling to explore complex phenomena, such as wildfires and chemical plumes, that involve people, places, and things interacting over time.</div> <a class="b-featured-stories__slide-cta a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right " data-js="b-featured-stories-cta" href="https://www.gsd.harvard.edu/2025/02/landscape-architecture-students-explore-pioneering-climate-visualization-techniques-to-inform-design/"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Discover more about the technology </span> </a> </div></div> </div> <div class="c-slider--carousel-pull-right__slide c-slider__slide swiper-slide"> <div class="b-featured-stories__wrapper"><div class="b-featured-stories__img"> <figure class=" c-image" > <img decoding="async" class=" c-image__image" alt="" src="https://www.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/newspaper-943004_640.jpg?w=500&h=314&crop=1" /> </figure> </div><div class="b-featured-stories__slide-content t-sink s-sink"> <h3 class="b-featured-stories__slide-title" > Researching how we trust the media</h3> <div class="b-featured-stories__slide-desc t-sink" > Researchers at Harvard Kennedy School tested whether news organizations might build back public trust by changing the language they use in articles.</div> <a class="b-featured-stories__slide-cta a-btn a-btn-secondary a-btn--arrow-right " data-js="b-featured-stories-cta" href="https://www.hks.harvard.edu/faculty-research/policy-topics/media/can-receptive-language-help-news-media-win-back-readers-trust"> <span class="a-btn__text"> Explore how media can improve </span> </a> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="c-slider__arrows"> <div class="c-slider__button c-slider__button--prev swiper-button-prev" data-swiper-direction="prev"></div> <div class="c-slider__button c-slider__button--next swiper-button-next" data-swiper-direction="next"></div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class=" c-block b-link-list t-theme--light"> <figure class="c-image" > <img decoding="async" class="c-image__image" 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