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mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omfalitis_del_nad%C3%B3" title="Omfalitis del nadó – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Omfalitis del nadó" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onfalitis_del_reci%C3%A9n_nacido" title="Onfalitis del recién nacido – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Onfalitis del recién nacido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaioberriaren_onfalitis" title="Jaioberriaren onfalitis – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jaioberriaren onfalitis" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omphalite_du_nouveau-n%C3%A9" title="Omphalite du nouveau-né – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Omphalite du nouveau-né" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omfalitis_novoro%C4%91en%C4%8Deta" title="Omfalitis novorođenčeta – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Omfalitis novorođenčeta" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omfalitis" title="Omfalitis – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Omfalitis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omfalit" title="Omfalit – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Omfalit" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapalenie_p%C4%99pka" title="Zapalenie pępka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zapalenie pępka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Омфалит – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Омфалит" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Omphalitis+of+newborn%22">"Omphalitis of newborn"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Omphalitis+of+newborn%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Omphalitis+of+newborn%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Omphalitis+of+newborn%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Omphalitis+of+newborn%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Omphalitis+of+newborn%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medical condition</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox ib-medical-condition"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Omphalitis of newborn</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty">Specialty</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Neonatology</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Omphalitis of newborn</b> is the medical term for inflammation of the <a href="/wiki/Umbilical_cord" title="Umbilical cord">umbilical cord</a> stump in the <a href="/wiki/Neonate" class="mw-redirect" title="Neonate">neonatal</a> newborn period, most commonly attributed to a bacterial infection.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typically immediately after an infant is born, the umbilical cord is cut with a small remnant (often referred to as the stump) left behind. Normally the stump separates from the skin within 3–45 days after birth.<sup id="cite_ref-WO-book_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WO-book-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A small amount of pus-like material is commonly seen at the base of the stump and can be controlled by keeping the stump open to air to dry.<sup id="cite_ref-rosenburg_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rosenburg-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certain bacteria can grow and infect the stump during this process and as a result significant redness and swelling may develop, and in some cases the infection can then spread through the <a href="/wiki/Umbilical_vessels_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Umbilical vessels (disambiguation)">umbilical vessels</a> to the rest of the body.<sup id="cite_ref-rosenburg_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rosenburg-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While currently an uncommon anatomical location for <a href="/wiki/Infection" title="Infection">infection</a> in the newborn in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, it has caused significant morbidity and mortality both historically and in areas where <a href="/wiki/Health_care" title="Health care">health care</a> is less readily available. In general, when this type of infection is suspected or diagnosed, antibiotic treatment is given, and in cases of serious complications surgical management may be appropriate.<sup id="cite_ref-rosenburg_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rosenburg-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Signs_and_symptoms">Signs and symptoms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omphalitis_of_newborn&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Signs and symptoms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Clinically, <a href="/wiki/Neonate" class="mw-redirect" title="Neonate">neonates</a> with omphalitis present within the first two weeks of life with signs and symptoms of a skin infection (<a href="/wiki/Cellulitis" title="Cellulitis">cellulitis</a>) around the umbilical stump (redness, warmth, swelling, pain), <a href="/wiki/Pus" title="Pus">pus</a> from the umbilical stump, <a href="/wiki/Fever" title="Fever">fever</a>, fast heart rate (<a href="/wiki/Tachycardia" title="Tachycardia">tachycardia</a>), low blood pressure (<a href="/wiki/Hypotension" title="Hypotension">hypotension</a>), <a href="/wiki/Somnolence" title="Somnolence">somnolence</a>, poor feeding, and yellow skin (<a href="/wiki/Jaundice" title="Jaundice">jaundice</a>). Omphalitis can quickly progress to <a href="/wiki/Sepsis" title="Sepsis">sepsis</a> and presents a potentially life-threatening infection. In fact, even in cases of omphalitis without evidence of more serious infection such as <a href="/wiki/Necrotizing_fasciitis" title="Necrotizing fasciitis">necrotizing fasciitis</a>, mortality is high (in the 10% range). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causes">Causes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omphalitis_of_newborn&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Causes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Omphalitis is most commonly caused by bacteria. The culprits usually are <i><a href="/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus" title="Staphylococcus aureus">Staphylococcus aureus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Streptococcus" title="Streptococcus">Streptococcus</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Escherichia_coli" title="Escherichia coli">Escherichia coli</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-WO-book_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WO-book-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The infection is typically caused by a combination of these organisms and is a mixed <a href="/wiki/Gram-positive" class="mw-redirect" title="Gram-positive">Gram-positive</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gram-negative" class="mw-redirect" title="Gram-negative">Gram-negative</a> infection. <a href="/wiki/Anaerobic_organism" title="Anaerobic organism">Anaerobic</a> bacteria can also be involved.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnosis">Diagnosis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omphalitis_of_newborn&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Diagnosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a normal umbilical stump, you first see the umbilicus lose its characteristic bluish-white, moist appearance and become dry and black<sup id="cite_ref-WO-book_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WO-book-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After several days to weeks, the stump should fall off and leave a pink fleshy wound which continues to heal as it becomes a normal umbilicus.<sup id="cite_ref-WO-book_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WO-book-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For an infected umbilical stump, diagnosis is usually made by the clinical appearance of the umbilical cord stump and the findings on history and <a href="/wiki/Physical_examination" title="Physical examination">physical examination</a>. There may be some confusion, however, if a well-appearing neonate simply has some redness around the umbilical stump. In fact, a mild degree is common, as is some bleeding at the stump site with detachment of the umbilical cord. The picture may be clouded even further if <a href="/wiki/Corrosive_substance" class="mw-redirect" title="Corrosive substance">caustic</a> agents have been used to clean the stump or if <a href="/wiki/Silver_nitrate" title="Silver nitrate">silver nitrate</a> has been used to <a href="/wiki/Cauterization" title="Cauterization">cauterize</a> <a href="/wiki/Granuloma" title="Granuloma">granulomata</a> of the umbilical stump. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prevention">Prevention</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omphalitis_of_newborn&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Prevention"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 1950s there were outbreaks of omphalitis that then led to anti-bacterial treatment of the umbilical cord stump as the new standard of care.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was later determined that in developed countries keeping the cord dry is sufficient, (known as "dry cord care") as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics.<sup id="cite_ref-WO-book_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WO-book-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The umbilical cord dries more quickly and separates more readily when exposed to air<sup id="cite_ref-WO-book_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WO-book-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, each <a href="/wiki/Hospital" title="Hospital">hospital</a>/<a href="/wiki/Birthing_center" title="Birthing center">birthing center</a> has its own recommendations for care of the <a href="/wiki/Umbilical_cord" title="Umbilical cord">umbilical cord</a> after delivery. Some recommend not using any medicinal washes on the cord. Other popular recommendations include triple dye, <a href="/wiki/Betadine" class="mw-redirect" title="Betadine">betadine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bacitracin" title="Bacitracin">bacitracin</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Silver_sulfadiazine" title="Silver sulfadiazine">silver sulfadiazine</a>. With regards to the medicinal treatments, there is little data to support any one treatment (or lack thereof) over another. However one recent review of many studies supported the use of chlorhexidine treatment as a way to reduce risk of death by 23% and risk of omphalitis by anywhere between 27 and 56% in community settings in underdeveloped countries.<sup id="cite_ref-CochranePrevention_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CochranePrevention-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This study also found that this treatment increased the time that it would take for the umbilical stump to separate or fall off by 1.7 days.<sup id="cite_ref-CochranePrevention_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CochranePrevention-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lastly this large review also supported the notion that in hospital settings no medicinal type of cord care treatment was better at reducing infections compared to dry cord care.<sup id="cite_ref-CochranePrevention_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CochranePrevention-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treatment">Treatment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omphalitis_of_newborn&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Treatment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Treatment consists of <a href="/wiki/Antibiotic" title="Antibiotic">antibiotic</a> therapy aimed at the typical bacterial <a href="/wiki/Pathogen" title="Pathogen">pathogens</a> in addition to supportive care for any complications which might result from the infection itself such as <a href="/wiki/Hypotension" title="Hypotension">hypotension</a> or <a href="/wiki/Respiratory_failure" title="Respiratory failure">respiratory failure</a>. A typical regimen will include <a href="/wiki/Intravenous" class="mw-redirect" title="Intravenous">intravenous</a> <a href="/wiki/Antibiotics" class="mw-redirect" title="Antibiotics">antibiotics</a> such as from the <a href="/wiki/Penicillin" title="Penicillin">penicillin-group</a> which is active against <i><a href="/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus" title="Staphylococcus aureus">Staphylococcus aureus</a></i> and an <a href="/wiki/Aminoglycoside" title="Aminoglycoside">aminoglycoside</a> for activity against Gram-negative bacteria. For particularly invasive infections, antibiotics to cover anaerobic bacteria may be added (such as <a href="/wiki/Metronidazole" title="Metronidazole">metronidazole</a>). Treatment is typically for two weeks and often necessitates insertion of a <a href="/wiki/Central_venous_catheter" title="Central venous catheter">central venous catheter</a> or <a href="/wiki/Peripherally_inserted_central_catheter" title="Peripherally inserted central catheter">peripherally inserted central catheter</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Epidemiology">Epidemiology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omphalitis_of_newborn&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Epidemiology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The current incidence in the United States is somewhere around 0.5% per year; overall, the incidence rate for developed world falls between 0.2 and 0.7%. In developing countries, the incidence of omphalitis varies from 2 to 7 for 100 live births.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There does not appear to be any racial or ethnic predilection. </p><p>Like many <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">bacterial</a> <a href="/wiki/Infection" title="Infection">infections</a>, omphalitis is more common in those patients who have a weakened or deficient <a href="/wiki/Immune_system" title="Immune system">immune system</a> or who are hospitalized and subject to invasive procedures. Therefore, infants who are <a href="/wiki/Preterm_birth" title="Preterm birth">premature</a>, sick with other infections such as blood infection (<a href="/wiki/Sepsis" title="Sepsis">sepsis</a>) or <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a>, or who have <a href="/wiki/Immunodeficiency" title="Immunodeficiency">immune deficiencies</a> are at greater risk. Infants with normal immune systems are at risk if they have had a prolonged <a href="/wiki/Birth" title="Birth">birth</a>, birth complicated by infection of the placenta (<a href="/wiki/Chorioamnionitis" title="Chorioamnionitis">chorioamnionitis</a>), or have had umbilical <a href="/wiki/Catheter" title="Catheter">catheters</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omphalitis_of_newborn&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJones,_Kevin,_MD,_Neayland,_Beverly,_MD." class="citation web cs1">Jones, Kevin, MD, Neayland, Beverly, MD. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140327220939/http://www.medicine.nevada.edu/Residency/lasvegas/Pediatrics/documents/Omphalitis.pdf">"Brief Review of Omphalitis"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. dead link. UNSOM Department of Pediatrics. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.medicine.nevada.edu/Residency/lasvegas/Pediatrics/documents/Omphalitis.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brief+Review+of+Omphalitis&rft.pub=UNSOM+Department+of+Pediatrics&rft.au=Jones%2C+Kevin%2C+MD%2C+Neayland%2C+Beverly%2C+MD.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicine.nevada.edu%2FResidency%2Flasvegas%2FPediatrics%2Fdocuments%2FOmphalitis.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmphalitis+of+newborn" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WO-book-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WO-book_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WO-book_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WO-book_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WO-book_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WO-book_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WO-book_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCunningham" class="citation book cs1">Cunningham, F. <i>Williams Obstetrics:The Newborn</i> (24 ed.). McGraw-Hill.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Williams+Obstetrics%3AThe+Newborn&rft.edition=24&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmphalitis+of+newborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rosenburg-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rosenburg_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rosenburg_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rosenburg_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenberg" class="citation book cs1">Rosenberg. <i>Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Pediatrics</i> (22e ed.).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Current+Diagnosis+%26+Treatment%3A+Pediatrics&rft.edition=22e&rft.au=Rosenberg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmphalitis+of+newborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fleisher, Gary R. Textbook of Pediatric Emergency Medicine. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006, p. 928.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJanssenSelwoodDobsonPeacock2003" class="citation journal cs1">Janssen, PA; Selwood, BL; Dobson, SR; Peacock, D; Thiessen, PN (January 2003). "To dye or not to dye: a randomized, clinical trial of a triple dye/alcohol regime versus dry cord care". <i>Pediatrics</i>. <b>111</b> (1): 15–20. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1542%2Fpeds.111.1.15">10.1542/peds.111.1.15</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12509548">12509548</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pediatrics&rft.atitle=To+dye+or+not+to+dye%3A+a+randomized%2C+clinical+trial+of+a+triple+dye%2Falcohol+regime+versus+dry+cord+care.&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=15-20&rft.date=2003-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1542%2Fpeds.111.1.15&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12509548&rft.aulast=Janssen&rft.aufirst=PA&rft.au=Selwood%2C+BL&rft.au=Dobson%2C+SR&rft.au=Peacock%2C+D&rft.au=Thiessen%2C+PN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmphalitis+of+newborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CochranePrevention-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CochranePrevention_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CochranePrevention_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CochranePrevention_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFImdadBautistaSenenUy2013" class="citation journal cs1">Imdad, A; Bautista, RM; Senen, KA; Uy, ME; Mantaring JB, 3rd; Bhutta, ZA (31 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8973946">"Umbilical cord antiseptics for preventing sepsis and death among newborns"</a>. <i>The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews</i>. <b>5</b> (5): CD008635. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F14651858.CD008635.pub2">10.1002/14651858.CD008635.pub2</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8973946">8973946</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23728678">23728678</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cochrane+Database+of+Systematic+Reviews&rft.atitle=Umbilical+cord+antiseptics+for+preventing+sepsis+and+death+among+newborns.&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=CD008635&rft.date=2013-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8973946%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23728678&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F14651858.CD008635.pub2&rft.aulast=Imdad&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Bautista%2C+RM&rft.au=Senen%2C+KA&rft.au=Uy%2C+ME&rft.au=Mantaring+JB%2C+3rd&rft.au=Bhutta%2C+ZA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8973946&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmphalitis+of+newborn" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBugaje,_Mairo_Adamu" class="citation web cs1">Bugaje, Mairo Adamu; et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.global-help.org/publications/books/help_pedsurgeryafrica20.pdf">"Omphalitis"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Paediatric Surgery: A Comprehensive Text For Africa</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Paediatric+Surgery%3A+A+Comprehensive+Text+For+Africa.&rft.atitle=Omphalitis&rft.au=Bugaje%2C+Mairo+Adamu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.global-help.org%2Fpublications%2Fbooks%2Fhelp_pedsurgeryafrica20.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmphalitis+of+newborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omphalitis_of_newborn&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="width:100%; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0;color:black;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:0.8em;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586878" class="extiw" title="d:Q586878">D</a></div><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">10</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/P38">P38</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes" title="List of ICD-9 codes">9-CM</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=771.4">771.4</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Diseases_Database" title="Diseases Database">DiseasesDB</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb34512.htm">34512</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0;color:black;">External resources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/EMedicine" title="EMedicine">eMedicine</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://emedicine.medscape.com/ped/1641-overview">ped/1641</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Conditions_originating_in_the_perinatal_period_/_fetal_disease" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pediatric_conditions_originating_in_the_perinatal_period" title="Template:Pediatric conditions originating in the perinatal period"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pediatric_conditions_originating_in_the_perinatal_period" title="Template talk:Pediatric conditions originating in the perinatal period"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pediatric_conditions_originating_in_the_perinatal_period" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pediatric conditions originating in the perinatal period"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Conditions_originating_in_the_perinatal_period_/_fetal_disease" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Conditions originating in the <a href="/wiki/Perinatal" class="mw-redirect" title="Perinatal">perinatal</a> period / <a href="/wiki/Fetal_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Fetal disease">fetal disease</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Maternal factors <br /> complicating pregnancy,<br /> labour or delivery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i><a href="/wiki/Placental_disease" title="Placental disease">placenta</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Placenta_praevia" title="Placenta praevia">Placenta praevia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placental_insufficiency" title="Placental insufficiency">Placental insufficiency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin-to-twin_transfusion_syndrome" title="Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome">Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i><a href="/wiki/Chorion" title="Chorion">chorion</a>/<a href="/wiki/Amnion" title="Amnion">amnion</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chorioamnionitis" title="Chorioamnionitis">Chorioamnionitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i><a href="/wiki/Umbilical_cord#Problems_and_abnormalities" title="Umbilical cord">umbilical cord</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umbilical_cord_prolapse" title="Umbilical cord prolapse">Umbilical cord prolapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuchal_cord" title="Nuchal cord">Nuchal cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_umbilical_artery" title="Single umbilical artery">Single umbilical artery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i><a href="/wiki/Presentation_(obstetrics)" title="Presentation (obstetrics)">presentation</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breech_birth" title="Breech birth">Breech birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asynclitic_birth" title="Asynclitic birth">Asynclitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder_presentation" title="Shoulder presentation">Shoulder presentation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Growth</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_for_gestational_age" title="Small for gestational age">Small for gestational age</a> / <a href="/wiki/Large_for_gestational_age" title="Large for gestational age">Large for gestational age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preterm_birth" title="Preterm birth">Preterm birth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Postterm_pregnancy" title="Postterm pregnancy">Postterm pregnancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intrauterine_growth_restriction" title="Intrauterine growth restriction">Intrauterine growth restriction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Birth_trauma_(physical)" title="Birth trauma (physical)">Birth trauma</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Scalp" title="Scalp">scalp</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cephalohematoma" title="Cephalohematoma">Cephalohematoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chignon_(medical_term)" title="Chignon (medical term)">Chignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caput_succedaneum" title="Caput succedaneum">Caput succedaneum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subgaleal_hemorrhage" title="Subgaleal hemorrhage">Subgaleal hemorrhage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brachial_plexus_injury" title="Brachial plexus injury">Brachial plexus injury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erb%27s_palsy" title="Erb's palsy">Erb's palsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klumpke_paralysis" title="Klumpke paralysis">Klumpke paralysis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Affected systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_disease" title="Respiratory disease">Respiratory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intrauterine_hypoxia" title="Intrauterine hypoxia">Intrauterine hypoxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infant_respiratory_distress_syndrome" title="Infant respiratory distress syndrome">Infant respiratory distress syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transient_tachypnea_of_the_newborn" title="Transient tachypnea of the newborn">Transient tachypnea of the newborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meconium_aspiration_syndrome" title="Meconium aspiration syndrome">Meconium aspiration syndrome</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pleural_disease" title="Pleural disease">Pleural disease</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pneumothorax" title="Pneumothorax">Pneumothorax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumomediastinum" title="Pneumomediastinum">Pneumomediastinum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson%E2%80%93Mikity_syndrome" title="Wilson–Mikity syndrome">Wilson–Mikity syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronchopulmonary_dysplasia" title="Bronchopulmonary dysplasia">Bronchopulmonary dysplasia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease">Cardiovascular</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pneumopericardium" title="Pneumopericardium">Pneumopericardium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persistent_fetal_circulation" title="Persistent fetal circulation">Persistent fetal circulation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bleeding" title="Bleeding">Bleeding</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Hematologic_disease" title="Hematologic disease">hematologic disease</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_K_deficiency_bleeding" title="Vitamin K deficiency bleeding">Vitamin K deficiency bleeding</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn" title="Hemolytic disease of the newborn">HDN</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn_(ABO)" title="Hemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO)">ABO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn_(anti-Kell)" title="Hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Kell)">Anti-Kell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn_(anti-Rhc)" title="Hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Rhc)">Rh c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rh_disease" title="Rh disease">Rh D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn_(anti-RhE)" title="Hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-RhE)">Rh E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrops_fetalis" title="Hydrops fetalis">Hydrops fetalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperbilirubinemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperbilirubinemia">Hyperbilirubinemia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kernicterus" title="Kernicterus">Kernicterus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_jaundice" title="Neonatal jaundice">Neonatal jaundice</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Velamentous_cord_insertion" title="Velamentous cord insertion">Velamentous cord insertion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intraventricular_hemorrhage" title="Intraventricular hemorrhage">Intraventricular hemorrhage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Germinal_matrix_hemorrhage" title="Germinal matrix hemorrhage">Germinal matrix hemorrhage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anemia_of_prematurity" title="Anemia of prematurity">Anemia of prematurity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gastrointestinal_disease" title="Gastrointestinal disease">Gastrointestinal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ileus" title="Ileus">Ileus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necrotizing_enterocolitis" title="Necrotizing enterocolitis">Necrotizing enterocolitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meconium_peritonitis" title="Meconium peritonitis">Meconium peritonitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Integumentary_system" title="Integumentary system">Integument</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Thermoregulation" title="Thermoregulation">thermoregulation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_toxicum_neonatorum" title="Erythema toxicum neonatorum">Erythema toxicum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sclerema_neonatorum" title="Sclerema neonatorum">Sclerema neonatorum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nervous_system_disease" title="Nervous system disease">Nervous system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perinatal_asphyxia" title="Perinatal asphyxia">Perinatal asphyxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periventricular_leukomalacia" title="Periventricular leukomalacia">Periventricular leukomalacia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Musculoskeletal_disorder" title="Musculoskeletal disorder">Musculoskeletal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gray_baby_syndrome" title="Gray baby syndrome">Gray baby syndrome</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Muscle_tone" title="Muscle tone">muscle tone</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypertonia" title="Hypertonia">Congenital hypertonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypotonia" title="Hypotonia">Congenital hypotonia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Infections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vertically_transmitted_infection" title="Vertically transmitted infection">Vertically transmitted infection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_infection" title="Neonatal infection">Neonatal infection</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congenital_rubella_syndrome" title="Congenital rubella syndrome">rubella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_herpes_simplex" class="mw-redirect" title="Neonatal herpes simplex">herpes simplex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycoplasma_hominis_infection" title="Mycoplasma hominis infection">mycoplasma hominis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ureaplasma_urealyticum_infection" class="mw-redirect" title="Ureaplasma urealyticum infection">ureaplasma urealyticum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omphalitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Omphalitis">Omphalitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_sepsis" title="Neonatal sepsis">Neonatal sepsis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_B_streptococcal_infection" title="Group B streptococcal infection">Group B streptococcal infection</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_conjunctivitis" title="Neonatal conjunctivitis">Neonatal conjunctivitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miscarriage" title="Miscarriage">Miscarriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perinatal_mortality" title="Perinatal mortality">Perinatal mortality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stillbirth" title="Stillbirth">Stillbirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infant_mortality" title="Infant mortality">Infant mortality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_withdrawal" title="Neonatal withdrawal">Neonatal withdrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetal_Alcohol_Spectrum_Disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Fetal Alcohol Spectrum 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