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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeogenetics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeogenetics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Archaeogenetics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Archaeogenetics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Archaeogenetics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Archaeogenetics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Denisova_hominin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denisova_hominin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Denisova hominin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denisova_hominin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neanderthal_remains:_the_Altai_Neanderthal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neanderthal_remains:_the_Altai_Neanderthal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Neanderthal remains: the Altai Neanderthal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neanderthal_remains:_the_Altai_Neanderthal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denisova_11:_a_first-generation_Neanderthal_and_Denisovan_hybrid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denisova_11:_a_first-generation_Neanderthal_and_Denisovan_hybrid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Denisova 11: a first-generation Neanderthal and Denisovan hybrid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denisova_11:_a_first-generation_Neanderthal_and_Denisovan_hybrid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DNA_from_soil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DNA_from_soil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>DNA from soil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DNA_from_soil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equus_ovodovi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equus_ovodovi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span><i>Equus ovodovi</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Equus_ovodovi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancient_North_Eurasian_woman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_North_Eurasian_woman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Ancient North Eurasian woman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_North_Eurasian_woman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fossils" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fossils"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Fossils</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fossils-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%87%D9%81_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7" title="كهف دينيسوفا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كهف دينيسوفا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_ma%C4%9Faras%C4%B1" title="Denis mağarası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Denis mağarası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Дзянісава пячора – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дзянісава пячора" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cova_de_Den%C3%ADssova" title="Cova de Deníssova – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cova de Deníssova" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denisova_jeskyn%C4%9B" title="Denisova jeskyně – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Denisova jeskyně" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogof_Denisova" title="Ogof Denisova – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ogof Denisova" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denissowa-H%C3%B6hle" title="Denissowa-Höhle – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Denissowa-Höhle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuevas_de_Den%C3%ADsova" title="Cuevas de Denísova – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cuevas de Denísova" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denisova_kaverno" title="Denisova kaverno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Denisova kaverno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denisova_leizea" title="Denisova leizea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Denisova leizea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7" title="غار دنیسوا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="غار دنیسوا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grotte_de_Denisova" title="Grotte de Denisova – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grotte de Denisova" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grotta_di_Denisova" title="Grotta di Denisova – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Grotta di Denisova" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pango_la_Denisova" title="Pango la Denisova – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Pango la Denisova" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spelunca_Denisova" title="Spelunca Denisova – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Spelunca Denisova" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyenyiszova-barlang" title="Gyenyiszova-barlang – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gyenyiszova-barlang" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%87%D9%81_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7" title="كهف دينيسوفا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كهف دينيسوفا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denisovagrot" title="Denisovagrot – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Denisovagrot" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denisowa_Jaskinia" title="Denisowa Jaskinia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Denisowa Jaskinia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caverna_Denisova" title="Caverna Denisova – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Caverna Denisova" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Денисова пещера – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Денисова пещера" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denisova_Cave" title="Denisova Cave – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Denisova Cave" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denisovagrottan" title="Denisovagrottan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Denisovagrottan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denisova_Ma%C4%9Faras%C4%B1" title="Denisova Mağarası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Denisova Mağarası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Денисова печера – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Денисова печера" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hang_Denisova" title="Hang Denisova – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hang Denisova" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E7%B4%A2%E7%93%A6%E6%B4%9E%E7%A9%B4" title="丹尼索瓦洞穴 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="丹尼索瓦洞穴" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1029322#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Denisova_Cave" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Denisova_Cave&params=51_23_51_N_84_40_34_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°23′51″N</span> <span class="longitude">84°40′34″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.39750°N 84.67611°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.39750; 84.67611</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cave and archaeological site in Russia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Denisova Cave</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname">Денисова пещера</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Denisova Cave" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._01.jpg/300px-%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._01.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._01.jpg/450px-%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._01.jpg/600px-%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Denisova Cave in 2008</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:300 px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:300 px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:300 px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_Asia_physical_(continental).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Denisova Cave in Russia"><img alt="Denisova Cave in Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Map_Asia_physical_%28continental%29.png/300px-Map_Asia_physical_%28continental%29.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Map_Asia_physical_%28continental%29.png/450px-Map_Asia_physical_%28continental%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Map_Asia_physical_%28continental%29.png/600px-Map_Asia_physical_%28continental%29.png 2x" data-file-width="3196" data-file-height="1840" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:24.687%;left:56.017%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Denisova Cave"><img alt="Denisova Cave in Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/8px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/12px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/16px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Russia</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Continental Asia</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:300 px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:300 px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:300 px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_Map_of_Altai_Krai.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Denisova Cave in Russia"><img alt="Denisova Cave in Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_Map_of_Altai_Krai.jpg/300px-Relief_Map_of_Altai_Krai.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_Map_of_Altai_Krai.jpg/450px-Relief_Map_of_Altai_Krai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_Map_of_Altai_Krai.jpg/600px-Relief_Map_of_Altai_Krai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="896" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:72.05%;left:69.783%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Denisova Cave"><img alt="Denisova Cave in Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/8px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/12px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/16px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Denisova Cave (Altai Krai)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Altai Krai</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:300 px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:300 px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:300 px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russia_rel_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Denisova Cave in Russia"><img alt="Denisova Cave in Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Russia_rel_location_map.png/300px-Russia_rel_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Russia_rel_location_map.png/450px-Russia_rel_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Russia_rel_location_map.png/600px-Russia_rel_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="2362" data-file-height="1299" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:81.891%;left:40.575%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Denisova Cave"><img alt="Denisova Cave in Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/8px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/12px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/16px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Denisova Cave (Russia)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Russia</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alternative name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Аю-Таш</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Soloneshensky_District" title="Soloneshensky District">Soloneshensky District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Altai_Krai" title="Altai Krai">Altai Krai</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Federal_District" title="Siberian Federal District">Siberian Federal District</a>, Russia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Denisova_Cave&params=51_23_51_N_84_40_34_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°23′51″N</span> <span class="longitude">84°40′34″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.39750°N 84.67611°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.39750; 84.67611</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Altitude</th><td class="infobox-data">700 m (2,297 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karst" title="Karst">karst</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">270 m<sup>2</sup> (2,900 sq ft)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Periods</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic</a> 30,000 to 48,000 years ago</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultures</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Denisovans" class="mw-redirect" title="Denisovans">Denisovans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neanderthals" class="mw-redirect" title="Neanderthals">Neanderthals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Homo_sapiens_sapiens" class="mw-redirect" title="Homo sapiens sapiens">Homo sapiens sapiens</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-overlays="["_e41cc9380856706918bef2ebe3617dfd7286efe7"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Denisova_Cave&revid=1252286789&groups=_e41cc9380856706918bef2ebe3617dfd7286efe7" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Denisova_Cave&revid=1252286789&groups=_e41cc9380856706918bef2ebe3617dfd7286efe7 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Denisova Cave</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Денисова пещера</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Denísova peshchéra</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'the cave of Denis') is a <a href="/wiki/Cave" title="Cave">cave</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Altai_Mountains" title="Altai Mountains">Bashelaksky Range</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Altai_Mountains" title="Altai Mountains">Altai Mountains</a> in Siberia, Russia. </p><p>It is widely known for having provided items of great <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">paleoarchaeological</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paleontology" title="Paleontology">paleontological</a> interest. In particular, the 2008 discovery of bone fragments that in 2010 have been conclusively established to have belonged to a separate early human species - the <a href="/wiki/Denisova_hominin" class="mw-redirect" title="Denisova hominin">Denisova hominin</a> - which is named after the cave. Other items including artifacts dated to around 40,000 <a href="/wiki/Before_Present" title="Before Present">BP</a>. Remains of a 32,000-year-old prehistoric species of <a href="/wiki/Equus_(genus)" title="Equus (genus)">horse</a> have also been found in the cave. </p><p>The cave is located in a region thought to have been inhabited concurrently in the past by <a href="/wiki/Neanderthal" title="Neanderthal">Neanderthals</a> and by modern humans. A <a href="/wiki/Bone_needle" class="mw-redirect" title="Bone needle">bone needle</a> dated to 50,000 years ago was discovered at the archaeological site in 2016 and has been described as the most ancient needle known<sup id="cite_ref-Siberian_Times_2016_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siberian_Times_2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (though another possible needle dates to about 10,000 years earlier from South Africa from <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 61,000 years ago<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p><p>Denisovans, Neanderthals and <a href="/wiki/Denny_(hybrid_hominin)" title="Denny (hybrid hominin)">related hybrids</a> may have inhabited the Denisova Cave for extended periods, but perhaps not at the same time.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20190130_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20190130-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The attribution of the needle and certain other artifacts at the cave, whether to <i><a href="/wiki/Homo_sapiens" class="mw-redirect" title="Homo sapiens">Homo sapiens</a></i> or to the Denisova hominin (also sometimes known as <i>Homo denisova</i>), is uncertain.<sup id="cite_ref-SiberianTimes_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SiberianTimes-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Located in <a href="/wiki/Altai_Krai" title="Altai Krai">Altai Krai</a>, near the border with <a href="/wiki/Altai_Republic" title="Altai Republic">Altai Republic</a>, both in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, the cave is near the village of Chorny Anui (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Чёрный Ануй</span></span>), and some 150 km (93 mi) south of <a href="/wiki/Barnaul" title="Barnaul">Barnaul</a>, the regional capital. The cave, which is approximately 28 m (92 ft) above the right bank of the <a href="/wiki/Anuy_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Anuy River">Anuy River</a> (a left tributary of the <a href="/wiki/Ob_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ob River">Ob</a>), has formed in upper <a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">Silurian</a> limestone and contains a floor area of about 270 m<sup>2</sup> (2,900 sq ft). The cave is composed of three galleries. The central chamber, the Main Gallery, contains a floor of 9 m × 11 m (30 ft × 36 ft) with side galleries, the East Gallery and the South Gallery.<sup id="cite_ref-SlonHopfe2017_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SlonHopfe2017-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hirst_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hirst-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been described both as a <a href="/wiki/Karst_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Karst cave">karst cave</a><sup id="cite_ref-showcaves_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-showcaves-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as a sandstone cave.<sup id="cite_ref-hirst_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hirst-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cave sediments are rich with remnants of animals, including extinct ones. Remains of 27 species of large and medium-sized mammals have been found, (such as <a href="/wiki/Cave_hyena" title="Cave hyena">cave hyena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panthera_leo_spelaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Panthera leo spelaea">cave lion</a>, etc.) and 39 species of small mammals, as well as remnants of reptiles, 50 bird species and other vertebrates.<sup id="cite_ref-shun_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shun-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wondermondo_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wondermondo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pollen in the cave sediments is used for <a href="/wiki/Palaeoclimatology" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaeoclimatology">palaeoclimatological</a> research. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 18th century, the cave was inhabited by an <a href="/wiki/Old_Believer" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Believer">Old Believer</a> hermit, Dyonisiy (Denis), and was named after him.<sup id="cite_ref-showcaves_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-showcaves-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1970s, Russian scientists discovered paleoarcheological remains in the cave that led to further explorations.<sup id="cite_ref-showcaves_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-showcaves-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So far, 22 <a href="/wiki/Stratum" title="Stratum">strata</a> have been identified, with archeological artifacts that cover the time from Dyonisiy back to about 125,000–180,000 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-hirst_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hirst-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dating of the strata was accomplished by the use of <a href="/wiki/Thermoluminescence_dating" title="Thermoluminescence dating">thermoluminescence dating</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">sediments</a>, or, in some cases, <a href="/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating" title="Radiocarbon dating">radiocarbon dating</a> on <a href="/wiki/Charcoal" title="Charcoal">charcoal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hirst_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hirst-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reconstruction_of_Altaic_cave_site,_150.000-10.000_BCE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Reconstruction_of_Altaic_cave_site%2C_150.000-10.000_BCE.jpg/220px-Reconstruction_of_Altaic_cave_site%2C_150.000-10.000_BCE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Reconstruction_of_Altaic_cave_site%2C_150.000-10.000_BCE.jpg/330px-Reconstruction_of_Altaic_cave_site%2C_150.000-10.000_BCE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Reconstruction_of_Altaic_cave_site%2C_150.000-10.000_BCE.jpg/440px-Reconstruction_of_Altaic_cave_site%2C_150.000-10.000_BCE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3669" data-file-height="2547" /></a><figcaption>Reconstruction of Altaic cave site, 150.000-10.000 BCE. <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_Altai_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Museum of the Altai Republic">National Museum of the Altai Republic</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Among the archeological artifacts are <a href="/wiki/Mousterian" title="Mousterian">Mousterian</a>- and <a href="/wiki/Levallois_technique" title="Levallois technique">Levallois</a>-style tools attributed to <a href="/wiki/Neanderthal" title="Neanderthal">Neanderthals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nature_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nature-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beside tools, researchers found decorative objects of bone, mammoth tusk, animal teeth, ostrich egg shell, fragments of a stone bracelet made of drilled, worked, and polished dark green <a href="/wiki/Chlorastrolite" title="Chlorastrolite">chlorastrolite</a>, and pendants.<sup id="cite_ref-hirst_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hirst-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A seven-centimetre (2.8 in) <a href="/wiki/Sewing_needle" title="Sewing needle">sewing needle</a> made from bird bone, estimated to be around 50,000 years-old, was found in Denisova Cave.<sup id="cite_ref-Siberian_Times_2016_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siberian_Times_2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cave also contains stone tools and bone artifacts made by modern humans, and Pääbo commented: "The one place where we are sure all three human forms have lived at one time or another is here in Denisova Cave."<sup id="cite_ref-AAAS-Gibbons_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS-Gibbons-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Denisovans" class="mw-redirect" title="Denisovans">Denisovans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neanderthal" title="Neanderthal">Neanderthals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Denny_(hybrid_hominin)" title="Denny (hybrid hominin)">related hybrids</a>, may have inhabited the Denisova Cave over thousands of years, but it is unclear whether they ever shared the cave.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20190130_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20190130-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, a team of archaeologists from the Novosibirsk Archeology and Ethnography Institute discovered a 45,000-year-old cave lion statue made from woolly mammoth tusk, according to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Siberian_Times" title="The Siberian Times">The Siberian Times</a></i>. This 42 mm long, 8 mm thick and 11 mm high figurine was unearthed in the eleventh layer of the southern gallery of Denisova Cave. According to Siberian archeologists, this statue made by <a href="/wiki/Upper_Paleolithic" title="Upper Paleolithic">Upper Palaeolithic</a> artist might be the oldest animal figurine in the world. The lion's hind legs, groin, back and belly are covered with eighteen rows of notch ornaments and its head is missing. On the right side of the lion there are two extra rows with four notches.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeogenetics">Archaeogenetics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Archaeogenetics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The average annual temperature of the cave remains at 0 °C (32 °F), which has contributed to the preservation of archaic DNA among the remains discovered.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denisova_hominin">Denisova hominin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Denisova hominin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Denisova_hominin" class="mw-redirect" title="Denisova hominin">Denisova hominin</a></div> <p>Scientists from the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of <a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk" title="Novosibirsk">Novosibirsk</a> have investigated the cave. Among the artifacts which had been left about 30,000 to 48,000 years ago (strata 9–11), bones were identified. One of these bones was a piece of <a href="/wiki/Phalanx_bones" class="mw-redirect" title="Phalanx bones">phalanx</a> of a child found in layer 11.2 of the East Gallery. The fossil element was analyzed by <a href="/wiki/Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Svante Pääbo</a> and coworkers from the <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Evolutionary_Anthropology" title="Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology">Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology</a> in <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a>; its <a href="/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA" title="Mitochondrial DNA">mitochondrial DNA</a> revealed a structure that differs from known human patterns and has been ascribed to "Denisova hominin".<sup id="cite_ref-nature_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nature-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pääbo and his co-workers first intended to classify the Denisovans as a separate species but changed their minds prior to publication of the results.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further analysis revealed the Denisovans were related to the Neanderthals and interbred with the ancestors of modern <a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neanderthal_remains:_the_Altai_Neanderthal">Neanderthal remains: the Altai Neanderthal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Neanderthal remains: the Altai Neanderthal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Neanderthal_distribution.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Neanderthal_distribution.jpg/400px-Neanderthal_distribution.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Neanderthal_distribution.jpg/600px-Neanderthal_distribution.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Neanderthal_distribution.jpg/800px-Neanderthal_distribution.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1693" data-file-height="795" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Neanderthal" title="Neanderthal">Neanderthal</a> distribution.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2010, a toe bone was discovered in the cave, in layer 11.4 of the East Gallery, and therefore contemporary with the Denisovan finger bone. Preliminary characterization of the bone's mitochondrial DNA suggested it belonged to a Neanderthal, not a Denisovan.<sup id="cite_ref-AAAS-Gibbons_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS-Gibbons-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later analysis confirmed the toe bone as coming from a Neanderthal.<sup id="cite_ref-Prüfer_2013_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prüfer_2013-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first <a href="/wiki/Deep_sequencing" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep sequencing">high-coverage</a> genome of Neanderthals was taken from this toe bone.<sup id="cite_ref-Prüfer_2013_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prüfer_2013-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This Neanderthal is referred to as the <i>Altai Neanderthal</i>. The <i>Altai Neanderthal</i> is estimated to be around 120,000 years old. Other Neanderthals for which <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_DNA" title="Nuclear DNA">nuclear DNA</a> has been recovered are all genetically closer to each other than to the <i>Altai Neanderthal</i>. Modern humans and <a href="/wiki/Ust%27-Ishim_man" title="Ust'-Ishim man">Ust'-Ishim man</a> share more alleles with all other Neanderthals than with the <i>Altai Neanderthal</i>, which shows that the <a href="/wiki/Introgression" title="Introgression">introgression</a> event from Neanderthals into humans likely took place after the split of the lineage of the <i>Altai Neanderthal</i> from that of other Neanderthals.<sup id="cite_ref-Hajdinjak_2018_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hajdinjak_2018-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denisova_11:_a_first-generation_Neanderthal_and_Denisovan_hybrid">Denisova 11: a first-generation Neanderthal and Denisovan hybrid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Denisova 11: a first-generation Neanderthal and Denisovan hybrid"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Denny_(hybrid_hominin)" title="Denny (hybrid hominin)">Denny (hybrid hominin)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._02.jpg/220px-%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._02.jpg/330px-%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._02.jpg/440px-%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0._02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption>The interior of the cave, 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>The use of collagen <a href="/wiki/Peptide_mass_fingerprinting" title="Peptide mass fingerprinting">peptide mass fingerprinting</a> of ancient bone samples, called <a href="/wiki/ZooMS" title="ZooMS">Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS)</a>, for species identification allowed the sorting of 2,315 unidentified bone fragments from 2012<sup id="cite_ref-Slon_Mafessoni_Vernot_de_Filippo_2018_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slon_Mafessoni_Vernot_de_Filippo_2018-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 2014 excavation.<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_2016_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_2016-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Oxford_2016_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Oxford_2016-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One sample, DC1227 (<i>Denisova 11</i>), taken from layer 12 of the East Gallery, carried human traits. This was the first time that this technique was used to successfully identify the presence of an extinct hominid.<sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Oxford_2016_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Oxford_2016-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DC1227 was a bone fragment weighing 1.68 g (0.059 oz), measuring in with a maximum length of 24.7 mm (0.97 in) and maximum width of 8.39 mm (0.330 in).<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_2016_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_2016-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further analysis showed the bone fragment to have Neanderthal <a href="/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA" title="Mitochondrial DNA">mitochondrial DNA</a> (mtDNA).<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_2016_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_2016-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Oxford_2016_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Oxford_2016-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Whole_genome_sequencing" title="Whole genome sequencing">Whole genome sequencing</a> and other characterization of <i>Denisova 11</i> to 2.6-fold <a href="/wiki/Coverage_(genetics)" title="Coverage (genetics)">coverage</a> showed this specimen belonged to a female at least thirteen years old at the time of death. <i>Denisova 11</i> was found to be the hybrid progeny of a Neanderthal mother and a Denisovan father.<sup id="cite_ref-Slon_Mafessoni_Vernot_de_Filippo_2018_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slon_Mafessoni_Vernot_de_Filippo_2018-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Comparing the entire genome against all archaic hominin genomes on record, <i>Denisova 11</i> shares the most genetic affinity with <i>Denisova 3</i>, indicating that her Denisovan father is more closely related to <i>Denisova 3</i> than her mother was to any of the sequenced Neanderthals. Like <i>Denisova 3</i>, this father carries some <a href="/wiki/Introgression" title="Introgression">introgressed</a> Neanderthal DNA from an admixture event far in the past, estimated at more than 300 generations earlier, and similar in sequence to the Altai Neanderthal genome. However, the mother of <i>Denisova 11</i> was genetically closer to Neanderthal specimen <i>Vindija 33.19</i> from <a href="/wiki/Vindija_Cave" title="Vindija Cave">Vindija Cave</a> in Croatia and to other sequenced Neanderthal individuals than to the <i>Altai Neanderthal</i>. This suggests a migration or population turnover involving the Neanderthal populations of the region surrounding the Denisova cave.<sup id="cite_ref-Slon_Mafessoni_Vernot_de_Filippo_2018_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slon_Mafessoni_Vernot_de_Filippo_2018-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NAT-20180822_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAT-20180822-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DNA_from_soil">DNA from soil</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: DNA from soil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sequencing of DNA from soil samples taken from Denisova Cave showed the presence of Neanderthal and Denisovan mtDNA from several samples, as well as the DNA of several animals. Neanderthal mtDNA was present in soil samples from layer 15 of the Main Gallery, a layer associated with Paleolithic artifacts where no Neanderthal fossils have been found. Neanderthal and Denisovan mtDNA were present in samples from layers 14 and 15, respectively, from the East Gallery, lower than any previous fossil finds.<sup id="cite_ref-SlonHopfe2017_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SlonHopfe2017-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Equus_ovodovi"><i>Equus ovodovi</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Equus ovodovi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>MtDNA has also been recovered from an <a href="/wiki/Equus_(genus)" title="Equus (genus)">equine</a> fossil, dating to around 32,000 years ago, taken from Denisova Cave. The equid fossil was identified as coming from <i><a href="/wiki/Equus_ovodovi" title="Equus ovodovi">Equus ovodovi</a></i> an extinct species first described based on a 40,000 year old fossil taken from Proskuryakova Cave in <a href="/wiki/Khakassia" title="Khakassia">Khakassia</a>, Russia. The mtDNA of the Denisova sample shows close affinity for that taken from Proskuryakova Cave. DNA analysis places <i>Equus ovodovi</i> as a <a href="/wiki/Phylogenetics" title="Phylogenetics">phylogenetically</a> basal group for <a href="/wiki/Equus_(genus)#Taxonomic_and_evolutionary_history" title="Equus (genus)">non-caballine horses</a>, with closer genetic affinities with <a href="/wiki/Zebra" title="Zebra">zebras</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asinus" title="Asinus">asses</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DruzhkovaMakunin2017_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DruzhkovaMakunin2017-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_North_Eurasian_woman">Ancient North Eurasian woman</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ancient North Eurasian woman"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ANE_deer_tooth_pendant_from_Denisova_Cave.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/ANE_deer_tooth_pendant_from_Denisova_Cave.jpg/170px-ANE_deer_tooth_pendant_from_Denisova_Cave.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/ANE_deer_tooth_pendant_from_Denisova_Cave.jpg/255px-ANE_deer_tooth_pendant_from_Denisova_Cave.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/ANE_deer_tooth_pendant_from_Denisova_Cave.jpg/340px-ANE_deer_tooth_pendant_from_Denisova_Cave.jpg 2x" data-file-width="824" data-file-height="788" /></a><figcaption>Deer tooth pendant of an ANE woman, from Denisova Cave, dated circa 24,700 years BP.<sup id="cite_ref-EE_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EE-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>A deer tooth pendant impregnated with the genetic material of an <a href="/wiki/Ancient_North_Eurasian" title="Ancient North Eurasian">Ancient North Eurasian</a> (ANE) woman was found in the Denisova Cave, and dated to circa 24,700 years before present. The woman was found to be closely related to <a href="/wiki/Mal%27ta" class="mw-redirect" title="Mal'ta">Mal'ta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Afontova_Gora" title="Afontova Gora">Afontova Gora</a> specimens found further east.<sup id="cite_ref-EE_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EE-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fossils">Fossils</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Fossils"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>So far, the fossils of seven distinct individuals from Denisova Cave have been identified through their DNA. Four of the individuals, <b>Denisova 2</b>, <b>Denisova 3</b>, <b>Denisova 4</b>, <b>Denisova 8</b>, and <b>Denisova 25</b> are classified as Denisovans.<sup id="cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Denisova 2 and Denisova 3 are young females, while Denisova 4 and Denisova 8 are adult males.<sup id="cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PNAS-20151111_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PNAS-20151111-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mtDNA analysis of the Denisovan individuals suggests that Denisova 2 is the oldest, followed by Denisova 8, while Denisova 3 and Denisova 4 are roughly contemporaneous.<sup id="cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Denisova 25 is estimated to be from 200ka.<sup id="cite_ref-h523_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-h523-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the individuals, the <b>Altai Neanderthal</b>, is a Neanderthal woman.<sup id="cite_ref-Prüfer_2013_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prüfer_2013-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before its DNA was sequenced, the Altai Neanderthal had been given the provisional name of <b>Denisova 5</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-PNAS-20151111_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PNAS-20151111-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, <b><a href="/wiki/Denny_(hybrid_hominin)" title="Denny (hybrid hominin)">Denisova 11</a></b> was identified as a Neanderthal/Denisova hybrid, based on <a href="/wiki/Whole_genome_sequencing" title="Whole genome sequencing">whole genome sequencing</a> and comparisons.<sup id="cite_ref-NAT-20180822_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAT-20180822-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During DNA sequencing, Denisova 2, Denisova 4 and Denisova 8 yielded <a href="/wiki/Deep_sequencing" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep sequencing">low-coverage</a> genomes, while Denisova 3, Denisova 25, and the Altai Neanderthal yielded high-coverage genomes.<sup id="cite_ref-PNAS-20151111_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PNAS-20151111-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Element </th> <th>Layer </th> <th>Location </th> <th>Type </th> <th>Age </th> <th>Sex </th> <th>Discovery </th> <th>First public. </th> <th>Image </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Denisova 2</b><sup id="cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>deciduous lower molar </td> <td>22.1 </td> <td>Main Gallery </td> <td>Denisovan </td> <td>>100 ka<sup id="cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Female </td> <td>1984 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Denisova 3</b><br /> or <b>X Woman</b><sup id="cite_ref-SIDenis_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIDenis-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>finger phalanx </td> <td>11.2 </td> <td>East Gallery </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denisovan" title="Denisovan">Denisovan</a> </td> <td>30–50 ka </td> <td>Female </td> <td>2008<br />Team of <a href="/wiki/Michael_Shunkov" title="Michael Shunkov">Michael Shunkov</a> </td> <td>Johannes Krause, <i>et al.</i><sup id="cite_ref-KrauseFu2010_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KrauseFu2010-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Denisova_Phalanx_distalis.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Replica of the phalanx. It was destroyed to investigate the mtDNA."><img alt="Replica of the phalanx. It was destroyed to investigate the mtDNA." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Denisova_Phalanx_distalis.jpg/120px-Denisova_Phalanx_distalis.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Denisova_Phalanx_distalis.jpg/180px-Denisova_Phalanx_distalis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Denisova_Phalanx_distalis.jpg/240px-Denisova_Phalanx_distalis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1667" /></a><figcaption>Replica of the phalanx. It was destroyed to investigate the mtDNA.</figcaption></figure> </td> <td>Cut in two, one piece partially destroyed to investigate the mtDNA. </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Denisova 4</b><sup id="cite_ref-SIDenis_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIDenis-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DR_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DR-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>upper molar </td> <td>11.1 </td> <td>South Gallery </td> <td>Denisovan </td> <td>30–50 ka </td> <td>Male </td> <td>2000 </td> <td> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Denisova_Molar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Replica of the molar of Denisova. Part of the roots was destroyed to study the mtDNA. Their size and shape indicate it is neither Neanderthal nor H. sapiens."><img alt="Replica of the molar of Denisova. Part of the roots was destroyed to study the mtDNA. Their size and shape indicate it is neither Neanderthal nor H. sapiens." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Denisova_Molar.jpg/120px-Denisova_Molar.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Denisova_Molar.jpg/180px-Denisova_Molar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Denisova_Molar.jpg/240px-Denisova_Molar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1667" data-file-height="2500" /></a><figcaption>Replica of the molar of Denisova. Part of the roots was destroyed to study the mtDNA. Their size and shape indicate it is neither Neanderthal nor <i>H. sapiens</i>.</figcaption></figure> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Altai Neanderthal</b><br />or <b>Denisova 5</b><sup id="cite_ref-Prüfer_2013_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prüfer_2013-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>proximal toe phalanx </td> <td>11.4 </td> <td>East Gallery </td> <td>Neanderthal </td> <td>30–50 ka<br />(disputed)<sup id="cite_ref-Peyrégne_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peyrégne-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Female </td> <td>2010 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maria_B._Mednikova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maria B. Mednikova (page does not exist)">M.B. Mednikova</a> (2011)<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Molecular_clock" title="Molecular clock">Molecular clock</a> analysis of mtDNA suggested this specimen instead dates to ~120 ka.<sup id="cite_ref-Peyrégne_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peyrégne-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Denisova 8</b><sup id="cite_ref-PNAS-20151111_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PNAS-20151111-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>upper molar </td> <td>11.4–12 </td> <td>East Gallery </td> <td>Denisovan </td> <td> </td> <td>Male </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Denny_(hybrid_hominin)" title="Denny (hybrid hominin)">Denisova 11</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Brown_2016_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_2016-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Slon_Mafessoni_Vernot_de_Filippo_2018_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slon_Mafessoni_Vernot_de_Filippo_2018-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NAT-20180822_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAT-20180822-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>long bone fragment </td> <td>12 </td> <td>East Gallery </td> <td>Neanderthal/Denisovan<br />hybrid </td> <td>~90 ka </td> <td>Female </td> <td>2014 </td> <td>Samantha Brown, <i>et al.</i> (2016) </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Denisova 25<sup id="cite_ref-h523_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-h523-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>molar </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Denisovan </td> <td>~200 ka </td> <td>Male </td> <td>2024 </td> <td>2024 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The cave also preserves remains of <a href="/wiki/Woolly_mammoth" title="Woolly mammoth">woolly mammoth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Woolly_rhinoceros" title="Woolly rhinoceros">woolly rhinoceros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wild_horse" title="Wild horse">wild horse</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Equus_ovodovi" title="Equus ovodovi">Equus ovodovi</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Irish_elk" title="Irish elk">Irish elk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siberian_roe_deer" title="Siberian roe deer">Siberian roe deer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_deer" title="Red deer">red deer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moose" title="Moose">moose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reindeer" title="Reindeer">reindeer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wild_yak" title="Wild yak">wild yak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steppe_bison" title="Steppe bison">steppe wisent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snow_leopard" title="Snow leopard">snow leopard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panthera_spelaea" title="Panthera spelaea">Eurasian cave lion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_lynx" title="Eurasian lynx">Eurasian lynx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pallas%27s_cat" title="Pallas's cat">manul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cave_hyena" title="Cave hyena">cave hyena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corsac_fox" title="Corsac fox">steppe fox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_fox" title="Red fox">red fox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grey_wolf" class="mw-redirect" title="Grey wolf">grey wolf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dhole" title="Dhole">dhole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brown_bear" title="Brown bear">brown bear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ursus_rossicus" title="Ursus rossicus">Pleistocene small cave bear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolverine" title="Wolverine">wolverine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siberian_weasel" title="Siberian weasel">kolonok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Least_weasel" title="Least weasel">least weasel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mountain_weasel" title="Mountain weasel">pale weasel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steppe_polecat" title="Steppe polecat">steppe polecat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stoat" title="Stoat">stoat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sable" title="Sable">sable</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_beaver" title="Eurasian beaver">Eurasian beaver</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gray_marmot" title="Gray marmot">Altai marmot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_culture" title="Clovis culture">Clovis culture</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denisova_Cave&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=High+Ceilings+and+a+Lovely+View%3A+Denisova+Cave+Was+Home+to+a+Lost+Branch+of+Humanity+%E2%80%93+The+mysterious+Denisovans+may+have+occupied+a+cave+in+what+is+now+Siberia+for+more+than+250%2C000+years.&rft.date=2019-01-30&rft.aulast=Zimmer&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F01%2F30%2Fscience%2Fneanderthals-denisovans-humans.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenisova+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SiberianTimes-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SiberianTimes_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Siberian Times</i> reporter, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://siberiantimes.com/science/casestudy/news/homo-sapiens-or-denisovans-who-made-stunning-cave-jewellery-and-artefacts-up-to-48000-years-ago/">"Homo sapiens or Denisovans? Who made stunning cave jewellery and artefacts up to 48,000 years ago?"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190902114301/http://www.siberiantimes.com/science/casestudy/news/homo-sapiens-or-denisovans-who-made-stunning-cave-jewellery-and-artefacts-up-to-48000-years-ago/">Archived</a> 2019-09-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The Siberian Times</i>, February 4, 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SlonHopfe2017-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SlonHopfe2017_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SlonHopfe2017_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlonHopfeWeißMafessoni2017" class="citation journal cs1">Slon, Viviane; Hopfe, Charlotte; Weiß, Clemens L.; Mafessoni, Fabrizio; de la Rasilla, Marco; Lalueza-Fox, Carles; Rosas, Antonio; 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Denisova+Cave+%28Siberia%29.Altai+Mountain+Paleolithic+Site+of+Denisova+Cave&rft.au=Hirst+K+K&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchaeology.about.com%2Fod%2Fdathroughdeterms%2Fqt%2Fdenisova_cave.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenisova+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-showcaves-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-showcaves_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-showcaves_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-showcaves_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.showcaves.com/english/ru/caves/Denisova.html">"Денисова пещера. Denisova-Denisova Cave-Denis Cave"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190219232148/http://www.showcaves.com/english/ru/caves/Denisova.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 19, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0.+Denisova-Denisova+Cave-Denis+Cave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.showcaves.com%2Fenglish%2Fru%2Fcaves%2FDenisova.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenisova+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shun-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shun_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.altaiinter.info/project/culture/Cronology/Stone%20Age/Denis/denis01.htm">"Шуньков М. В, Агаджанян А. К. Палеография палеолита Денисовой пещеры. 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(2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7800821">"Complete mitochondrial genome of an extinct Equus (Sussemionus) ovodovi specimen from Denisova cave (Altai, Russia)"</a>. <i>Mitochondrial DNA Part B</i>. <b>2</b> (1): 79–81. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F23802359.2017.1285209">10.1080/23802359.2017.1285209</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2380-2359">2380-2359</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7800821">7800821</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33473722">33473722</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitochondrial+DNA+Part+B&rft.atitle=Complete+mitochondrial+genome+of+an+extinct+Equus+%28Sussemionus%29+ovodovi+specimen+from+Denisova+cave+%28Altai%2C+Russia%29&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=79-81&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7800821%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=2380-2359&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33473722&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F23802359.2017.1285209&rft.aulast=Druzhkova&rft.aufirst=Anna+S.&rft.au=Makunin%2C+Alexey+I.&rft.au=Vorobieva%2C+Nadezhda+V.&rft.au=Vasiliev%2C+Sergey+K.&rft.au=Ovodov%2C+Nikolai+D.&rft.au=Shunkov%2C+Mikhail+V.&rft.au=Trifonov%2C+Vladimir+A.&rft.au=Graphodatsky%2C+Alexander+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7800821&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenisova+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EE-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EE_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EE_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEssel2023" class="citation journal cs1">Essel, Elena (3 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10247382">"Ancient human DNA recovered from a Palaeolithic pendant"</a>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>618</b> (7964): 328–332. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023Natur.618..328E">2023Natur.618..328E</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41586-023-06035-2">10.1038/s41586-023-06035-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10247382">10247382</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37138083">37138083</a>. <q>Application of the method to an Upper Palaeolithic deer tooth pendant from Denisova Cave, Russia, resulted in the recovery of ancient human and deer mitochondrial genomes, which allowed us to estimate the age of the pendant at approximately 19,000–25,000 years. Nuclear DNA analysis identifies the presumed maker or wearer of the pendant as a female individual with strong genetic affinities to a group of Ancient North Eurasian individuals who lived around the same time but were previously found only further east in Siberia. Our work redefines how cultural and genetic records can be linked in prehistoric archaeology. (...) Nuclear DNA analysis identifies the presumed maker or wearer of the pendant as a female individual with strong genetic affinities to a group of Ancient North Eurasian individuals who lived around the same time but were previously found only further east in Siberia.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Ancient+human+DNA+recovered+from+a+Palaeolithic+pendant&rft.volume=618&rft.issue=7964&rft.pages=328-332&rft.date=2023-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10247382%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F37138083&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41586-023-06035-2&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2023Natur.618..328E&rft.aulast=Essel&rft.aufirst=Elena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10247382&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenisova+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slon_Viola_Renaud_Gansauge_2017_29-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlonViolaRenaudGansauge2017" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Viviane_Slon" title="Viviane Slon">Slon, Viviane</a>; 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=The+most+ancient+human+genome+yet+has+been+sequenced%E2%80%94and+it%27s+a+Denisovan%27s&rft.date=2024-07-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.zi9n4zp&rft.aulast=Gibbons&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.science.org%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2Fmost-ancient-human-genome-yet-has-been-sequenced-and-it-s-denisovan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenisova+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SIDenis-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SIDenis_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SIDenis_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReichGreenKircherKrause2011" class="citation book cs1">Reich D, Green RE, Kircher M, Krause J, Patterson N, Durand EY, Viola B, Briggs AW, Stenzel U, Johnson PL, Maricic T, Good JM, Marques-Bonet T, Alkan C, Fu Q, Mallick S, Li H, Meyer M, Eichler EE, Stoneking M, Richards M, Talamo S, Shunkov MV, Derevianko AP, Hublin JJ, Kelso J, Slatkin M, Pääbo S (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150903014954/http://genetics.med.harvard.edu/reich/Reich_Lab/Publications_files/2010_Nature_Denisova_Genome_Supplementary-1.pdf"><i>Supplementary Information: Genetic History of an Archaic Hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2024</span> – via Elsevier Science Direct.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+International&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+the+European+regional+large+mammals+assemblages+in+the+end+of+the+Middle+Pleistocene+%E2%80%93+The+first+half+of+the+Late+Pleistocene+%28MIS+6%E2%80%93MIS+4%29&rft.volume=605-606&rft.pages=155-191&rft.date=2021-12-20&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.quaint.2020.08.038&rft.aulast=Puzachenko&rft.aufirst=A.Yu.&rft.au=Titov%2C+V.V.&rft.au=Kosintsev%2C+P.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS1040618220305024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenisova+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrownWangOertleKozlikin2021" class="citation journal cs1">Brown, Samantha; Wang, Naihui; Oertle, Annette; et al. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+Reports&rft.atitle=Zooarchaeology+through+the+lens+of+collagen+fingerprinting+at+Denisova+Cave&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=15457&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8322063%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41598-021-94731-2&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Samantha&rft.au=Wang%2C+Naihui&rft.au=Oertle%2C+Annette&rft.au=Kozlikin%2C+Maxim+B.&rft.au=Shunkov%2C+Michael+V.&rft.au=Derevianko%2C+Anatoly+P.&rft.au=Comeskey%2C+Daniel&rft.au=Jope-Street%2C+Blair&rft.au=Harvey%2C+Virginia+L.&rft.au=Chowdhury%2C+Manasij+Pal&rft.au=Buckley%2C+Michael&rft.au=Higham%2C+Thomas&rft.au=Douka%2C+Katerina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41598-021-94731-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenisova+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 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painting">cave paintings</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paleoanthropological_sites" title="Category:Paleoanthropological sites">Paleoanthropological sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cave_paintings" title="Category:Cave paintings">Cave paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Caves_containing_pictograms" title="Category:Caves containing pictograms">Caves containing pictograms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_in_Europe" title="Category:Rock art in Europe">Europe</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Austria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drachenh%C3%B6hle" title="Drachenhöhle">Drachenhöhle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudenus_cave" title="Gudenus cave">Gudenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lurgrotte" title="Lurgrotte">Lurgrotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salzofen_cave" title="Salzofen cave">Salzofen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tischofer_Cave" title="Tischofer Cave">Tischofer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Belgium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Belle-Roche</li> <li>Claminforge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schmerling_Caves" title="Schmerling Caves">Engis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goyet_Caves" title="Goyet Caves">Goyet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naulette" title="Naulette">Naulette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_flint_mines_of_Spiennes" title="Neolithic flint mines of Spiennes">Neolithic flint mines of Spiennes</a></li> <li>Ramioul</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scladina" title="Scladina">Scladina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spy_Cave" title="Spy Cave">Spy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trou_de_l%27Ab%C3%AEme" title="Trou de l'Abîme">Trou de l'Abîme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Bosnia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badanj_Cave" title="Badanj Cave">Badanj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ledenja%C4%8Da_Cave" title="Ledenjača Cave">Ledenjača</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Bulgaria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bacho_Kiro_cave" title="Bacho Kiro cave">Bacho Kiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devetashka_cave" title="Devetashka cave">Devetashka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozarnika" class="mw-redirect" title="Kozarnika">Kozarnika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magura_Cave" title="Magura Cave">Magura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utroba_Cave" title="Utroba Cave">Utroba Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Croatia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grap%C4%8Deva_cave" title="Grapčeva cave">Grapčeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krapina_Neanderthal_site" title="Krapina Neanderthal site">Krapina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vela_Spila" title="Vela Spila">Vela Spila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vindija_Cave" title="Vindija Cave">Vindija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romuald%27s_Cave" title="Romuald's Cave">Romuald's Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veternica_(cave)" title="Veternica (cave)">Veternica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Cyprus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aetokremnos" title="Aetokremnos">Aetokremnos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Czech Republic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amat%C3%A9rsk%C3%A1_Cave" title="Amatérská Cave">Amatérská</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BD%C4%8D%C3%AD_sk%C3%A1la_Cave" title="Býčí skála Cave">Býčí skála</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kon%C4%9Bprusy_Caves" title="Koněprusy Caves">Koněprusy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%AFlna_Cave" title="Kůlna Cave">Kůlna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mlade%C4%8D_caves" title="Mladeč caves">Mladeč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ipka" title="Šipka">Šipka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Finland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Cave" title="Wolf Cave">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Sites_and_Decorated_Caves_of_the_V%C3%A9z%C3%A8re_Valley" title="Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley">Vézère Valley World Heritage Site</a></dt> <dd>Bara Bahau</dd> <dd>Bernifal</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cap_Blanc_rock_shelter" title="Cap Blanc rock shelter">Cap Blanc</a></dd> <dd>Castel Merle <dl><dd>Abri Castanet</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Reverdit_rockshelter" title="Reverdit rockshelter">Reverdit</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Les_Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil" title="Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil">Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil</a></dd> <dd>Abri Audi</dd> <dd>Abri Chadourne</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Les_Combarelles" title="Les Combarelles">Les Combarelles</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cro-Magnon_rock_shelter" title="Cro-Magnon rock shelter">Cro-Magnon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Font-de-Gaume" title="Font-de-Gaume">Font-de-Gaume</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Laugerie-Basse" title="Laugerie-Basse">Laugerie-Basse</a></dd> <dd>Laugerie-Haute</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Micoque" class="mw-redirect" title="La Micoque">La Micoque</a></dd> <dd>La Mouthe</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Abri_Pataud" title="Abri Pataud">Pataud</a></dd> <dd>Abri du Poisson</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lascaux" title="Lascaux">Lascaux</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Abri_de_la_Madeleine" title="Abri de la Madeleine">La Madeleine</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rouffignac_Cave" title="Rouffignac Cave">Rouffignac</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">Other World Heritage Sites</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chauvet_Cave" title="Chauvet Cave">Chauvet</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Other caves with decoration</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Arcy-sur-Cure" title="Caves of Arcy-sur-Cure">Arcy-sur-Cure</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Gargas" title="Caves of Gargas">Gargas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cosquer_Cave" title="Cosquer Cave">Cosquer</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Grotte_de_Cussac" title="Grotte de Cussac">Cussac</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Font%C3%A9chevade" title="Fontéchevade">Fontéchevade</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Chaire_a_Calvin" title="La Chaire a Calvin">La Chaire a Calvin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Marche_(cave)" title="La Marche (cave)">La Marche</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lombrives" title="Lombrives">Lombrives</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Grotte_de_Gabillou" title="Grotte de Gabillou">Grotte de Gabillou</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marsoulas_Cave" title="Marsoulas Cave">Marsoulas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Le_Mas-d%27Azil" title="Le Mas-d'Azil">Le Mas-d'Azil</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Mayri%C3%A8res_sup%C3%A9rieure" title="Cave of Mayrières supérieure">Mayrières supérieure</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Niaux" title="Cave of Niaux">Niaux</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pair-non-Pair" title="Pair-non-Pair">Pair-non-Pair</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pech_Merle" title="Pech Merle">Pech Merle</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Roc-aux-Sorciers" title="Roc-aux-Sorciers">Roc-aux-Sorciers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Grotte_du_Renne" title="Grotte du Renne">Renne</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Trois-Fr%C3%A8res" title="Cave of the Trois-Frères">Trois Frères</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Villars_Cave" title="Villars Cave">Villars</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_in_France" title="List of caves in France">Other caves</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Arago_cave" title="Arago cave">Arago</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Aurignac" title="Cave of Aurignac">Aurignac</a></dd> <dd>Azé</dd> <dd>Balauzière</dd> <dd>Bonne-Femme</dd> <dd>Bouillon</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bruniquel_Cave" title="Bruniquel Cave">Bruniquel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lamanon" title="Lamanon">Calès</a></dd> <dd>Cauna</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Chapelle-aux-Saints" title="La Chapelle-aux-Saints">La Chapelle-aux-Saints</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Combe_Grenal" title="Combe Grenal">Combe Grenal</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Ferrassie" title="La Ferrassie">La Ferrassie</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Grotte_des_F%C3%A9es" title="La Grotte des Fées">Fées</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fontbr%C3%A9goua_Cave" title="Fontbrégoua Cave">Fontbrégoua</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Grotte_du_Lazaret" title="Grotte du Lazaret">Lazaret</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Le_Moustier" title="Le Moustier">Le Moustier</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Noisetier_Cave" title="Noisetier Cave">Noisetier</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Quina" title="La Quina">La Quina</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Raymonden" title="Raymonden">Raymonden</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Le_Regourdou" title="Le Regourdou">Le Regourdou</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rochereil" title="Rochereil">Rochereil</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Grotte_du_Vallonnet" title="Grotte du Vallonnet">Vallonnet</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Caves_and_Ice_Age_Art_in_the_Swabian_Jura" title="Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura">Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura World Heritage Site</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bockstein_Cave" title="Bockstein Cave">Bockstein</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Geissenkl%C3%B6sterle" title="Geissenklösterle">Geissenklösterle</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hohle_Fels" title="Hohle Fels">Hohle Fels</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hohlenstein-Stadel" title="Hohlenstein-Stadel">Hohlenstein-Stadel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sirgenstein_Cave" title="Sirgenstein Cave">Sirgenstein</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vogelherd_Cave" title="Vogelherd Cave">Vogelherd</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Other caves</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Baumann%27s_Cave" title="Baumann's Cave">Baumann's</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brillenh%C3%B6hle" title="Brillenhöhle">Brillenhöhle</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kleine_Feldhofer_Grotte" title="Kleine Feldhofer Grotte">Kleine Feldhofer</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lichtenstein_Cave" title="Lichtenstein Cave">Lichtenstein</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ofnet_Caves" title="Ofnet Caves">Ofnet</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef"><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Tower_Cave" title="Devil's Tower Cave">Devil's Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorham%27s_Cave" title="Gorham's Cave">Gorham's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_Cave" title="Vanguard Cave">Vanguard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Greece</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alepotrypa_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Alepotrypa cave">Alepotrypa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apidima_Cave" title="Apidima Cave">Apidima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asphendou_Cave_petroglyphs" title="Asphendou Cave petroglyphs">Asphendou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia_Cave" title="Eileithyia Cave">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franchthi_Cave" title="Franchthi Cave">Franchthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleidi_Cave" title="Kleidi Cave">Kleidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalakkos" title="Megalakkos">Megalakkos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petralona_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Petralona cave">Petralona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stravomyti" class="mw-redirect" title="Stravomyti">Stravomyti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theopetra_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Theopetra cave">Theopetra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Hungary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baradla_cave" title="Baradla cave">Baradla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szelim_cave" title="Szelim cave">Szelim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grotta_dell%27Addaura" title="Grotta dell'Addaura">Addaura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arene_Candide" title="Arene Candide">Arene Candide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balzi_Rossi" title="Balzi Rossi">Balzi Rossi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grotta_del_Cavallo" title="Grotta del Cavallo">Cavallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corbeddu_Cave" title="Corbeddu Cave">Corbeddu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Cave_(Otranto)" title="Deer Cave (Otranto)">Deer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grotta_delle_Felci" title="Grotta delle Felci"><i>Felci</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paglicci_Cave" title="Paglicci Cave">Paglicci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romito_Cave" title="Romito Cave">Romito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripari_Villabruna" title="Ripari Villabruna">Villabruna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef"><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Cotte_de_St_Brelade" title="La Cotte de St Brelade">St Brelade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Kosovo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bukuroshja_e_Fjetur_Cave" title="Bukuroshja e Fjetur Cave">Bukuroshja e Fjetur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Luxembourg</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loschbur" class="mw-redirect" title="Loschbur">Loschbur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Malta</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ar_Dalam" title="Għar Dalam">Għar Dalam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cocev_Kamen" title="Cocev Kamen">Cocev Kamen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Norway</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Svarthola" title="Svarthola">Svarthola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Poland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ob%C5%82azowa_Cave" title="Obłazowa Cave">Obłazowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Cave" title="Paradise Cave">Paradise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Aroeira" title="Cave of Aroeira">Aroeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escoural_Cave" title="Escoural Cave">Escoural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furninha" title="Furninha">Furninha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abrigo_do_Lagar_Velho" title="Abrigo do Lagar Velho">Lagar Velho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Rock-Art_Site_of_Pala_Pinta" title="Prehistoric Rock-Art Site of Pala Pinta">Pala Pinta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Pedra_Furada" title="Cave of Pedra Furada">Pedra Furada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Pego_do_Diabo" title="Cave of Pego do Diabo">Pego do Diabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Salemas" title="Cave of Salemas">Salemas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Romania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coliboaia_Cave" title="Coliboaia Cave">Coliboaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuciulat_Cave" title="Cuciulat Cave">Cuciulat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C8%99tera_Muierilor" title="Peștera Muierilor">Muierilor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C8%99tera_cu_Oase" title="Peștera cu Oase">Oase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akhshtyrskaya_Cave" title="Akhshtyrskaya Cave">Akhshtyrskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chertovy_Vorota_Cave" title="Chertovy Vorota Cave">Chertovy Vorota</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Denisova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatievka_Cave" title="Ignatievka Cave">Ignatievka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shulgan-Tash_Cave" title="Shulgan-Tash Cave">Shulgan-Tash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezmaiskaya_cave" title="Mezmaiskaya cave">Mezmaiskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okladnikov_Cave" title="Okladnikov Cave">Okladnikov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Had%C5%BEi-Prodan%27s_Cave" title="Hadži-Prodan's Cave">Hadži-Prodan's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C5%A1turina" title="Pešturina">Pešturina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risova%C4%8Da_Cave" title="Risovača Cave">Risovača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balanica" title="Balanica">Mala Balanica and Velika Balanica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Slovakia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Certova_pec" title="Čertova pec">Čertova pec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domica_Cave" title="Domica Cave">Domica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasovsk%C3%A1_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Jasovská Cave">Jasovská</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Slovenia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betal_Rock_Shelter" title="Betal Rock Shelter">Betal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divje_Babe" title="Divje Babe">Divje Babe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hell_Cave" title="Hell Cave">Pekel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potok_Cave" title="Potok Cave">Potok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Altamira_and_Paleolithic_Cave_Art_of_Northern_Spain" title="Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain">Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain World Heritage Site</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Altamira" title="Cave of Altamira">Altamira</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_in_Cantabria" title="Caves in Cantabria">Caves in Cantabria</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Chuf%C3%ADn" title="Cave of Chufín">Chufín</a></dd> <dd>Covalanas</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Garma_cave_complex" title="La Garma cave complex">La Garma</a></dd> <dd>Hornos de la Peña</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Monte_Castillo" title="Caves of Monte Castillo">Monte Castillo</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_El_Castillo" title="Cave of El Castillo">El Castillo</a></dd> <dd>Las Chimeneas</dd> <dd>Las Monedas</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_La_Pasiega" title="Cave of La Pasiega">La Pasiega</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>El Pendo</dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tito_Bustillo_Cave" title="Tito Bustillo Cave">Tito Bustillo</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Altxerri" title="Cave of Altxerri">Altxerri</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Santimami%C3%B1e" title="Santimamiñe">Santimamiñe</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Los_Aviones" title="Cave of Los Aviones">Los Aviones</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Rock_art_of_the_Iberian_Mediterranean_Basin" title="Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin">Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin World Heritage Site</a>)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cuevas_de_la_Ara%C3%B1a" title="Cuevas de la Araña">Araña</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Roca_dels_Moros" title="Roca dels Moros">Roca dels Moros</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">Other World Heritage Sites</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Atapuerca_Mountains" title="Atapuerca Mountains">Atapuerca</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Siega_Verde" class="mw-redirect" title="Siega Verde">Siega Verde</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Other caves with decoration</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Bacinete" title="Cave of Bacinete">Bacinete</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Barranc_del_Migdia" title="Cave of the Barranc del Migdia">Barranc del Migdia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Las_Caldas_cave" title="Las Caldas cave">Las Caldas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cueva_de_los_Casares" title="Cueva de los Casares">Los Casares</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Maltravieso" title="Cave of Maltravieso">Maltravieso</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cueva_de_los_Murci%C3%A9lagos" title="Cueva de los Murciélagos">los Murciélagos</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Nerja" title="Caves of Nerja">Nerja</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Ni%C3%B1o" title="Cave of Niño">Niño</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ojo_Guare%C3%B1a" title="Ojo Guareña">Ojo Guareña</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1as_de_Cabrera" title="Peñas de Cabrera">Peñas de Cabrera</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cueva_de_la_Pileta" title="Cueva de la Pileta">la Pileta</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Praileaitz_Cave" title="Praileaitz Cave">Praileaitz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sidr%C3%B3n_Cave" title="Sidrón Cave">Sidrón</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_in_Spain" title="List of caves in Spain">Other caves</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Angel" title="Cave of the Angel">Ángel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cueva_Ant%C3%B3n" title="Cueva Antón">Antón</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Armintxe_Cave" title="Armintxe Cave">Armintxe</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Axlor" title="Axlor">Axlor</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Bedmar" title="Cave of Bedmar">Bedmar</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Roca_dels_Bous_(archaeological_site)" title="Roca dels Bous (archaeological site)">dels Bous</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Don_Gaspar" title="Caves of Don Gaspar">Don Gaspar</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Guanches" title="Cave of the Guanches">Guanches</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/El_Mir%C3%B3n_Cave" title="El Mirón Cave">El Mirón</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Catalina_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santa Catalina Cave (page does not exist)">Santa Catalina</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_del_Valle_(Cantabria)" title="Cave del Valle (Cantabria)">del Valle</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Switzerland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grotte_du_Bichon" title="Grotte du Bichon">Bichon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildkirchli" title="Wildkirchli">Wildkirchli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Ukraine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Verteba_Cave" title="Verteba Cave">Verteba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aveline%27s_Hole" title="Aveline's Hole">Aveline's Hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bontnewydd_Palaeolithic_site" title="Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site">Bontnewydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathole_Cave" title="Cathole Cave">Cathole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coygan_Cave" title="Coygan Cave">Coygan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creswell_Crags" title="Creswell Crags">Creswell Crags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough%27s_Cave" title="Gough's Cave">Gough's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathery_Burn_Cave" title="Heathery Burn Cave">Heathery Burn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Pasture_Cave" title="High Pasture Cave">High Pasture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendrick%27s_Cave" title="Kendrick's Cave">Kendrick's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kents_Cavern" title="Kents Cavern">Kents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Hole_Cave" title="Long Hole Cave">Long Hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_Arch_Caves" title="Marble Arch Caves">Marble Arch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldbury_rock_shelters" title="Oldbury rock shelters">Oldbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portbraddon_Cave" title="Portbraddon Cave">Portbraddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Lady_of_Paviland" title="Red Lady of Paviland">Red Lady of Paviland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand,_Applecross" title="Sand, Applecross">Sand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor%27s_Cave" title="Thor's Cave">Thor's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windmill_Hill_Cavern" title="Windmill Hill Cavern">Windmill Hill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_in_Asia" title="Category:Rock art in Asia">Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Afghanistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darra-e_Kur" title="Darra-e Kur">Darra-e Kur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Armenia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Areni-1_cave_complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Areni-1 cave complex">Areni-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Azerbaijan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allar_Cave" title="Allar Cave">Allar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azykh_Cave" title="Azykh Cave">Azykh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buzeyir_cave" title="Buzeyir cave">Buzeyir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damjili_Cave" title="Damjili Cave">Damjili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%C4%9Flar_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Tağlar Cave">Tağlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zar_Cave" title="Zar Cave">Zar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazma_Cave" title="Gazma Cave">Gazma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Cambodia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laang_Spean" title="Laang Spean">Laang Spean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baishiya_Karst_Cave" title="Baishiya Karst Cave">Baishiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuyan_Cave" title="Fuyan Cave">Fuyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanyindong" title="Guanyindong">Guanyindong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luobi_Cave" title="Luobi Cave">Luobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianyuan_Cave" title="Tianyuan Cave">Tianyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianren_Cave" title="Xianren Cave">Xianren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuchanyan_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuchanyan Cave">Yuchanyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhoukoudian" title="Zhoukoudian">Zhoukoudian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zengpiyan_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Zengpiyan Cave">Zengpiyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhiren_Cave" title="Zhiren Cave">Zhiren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">East Timor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerimalai" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerimalai">Jerimalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laili_(cave)" title="Laili (cave)">Laili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lene_Hara_cave" title="Lene Hara cave">Lene Hara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Georgia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satsurblia_Cave" title="Satsurblia Cave">Satsurblia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">India</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambadevi_rock_shelters" title="Ambadevi rock shelters">Ambadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belum_Caves" title="Belum Caves">Belum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhimbetka_rock_shelters" title="Bhimbetka rock shelters">Bhimbetka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edakkal_Caves" class="mw-redirect" title="Edakkal Caves">Edakkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudiyam_Cave" title="Gudiyam Cave">Gudiyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahargarh_caves" title="Pahargarh caves">Pahargarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikla" title="Tikla">Tikla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Indonesia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harimau_Cave" title="Harimau Cave">Harimau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubang_Jeriji_Sal%C3%A9h" title="Lubang Jeriji Saléh">Jeriji Saléh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Bua" title="Liang Bua">Liang Bua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pettakere_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Pettakere cave">Pettakere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Iran</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bisitun_Cave" title="Bisitun Cave">Bisitun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darband_Cave" title="Darband Cave">Darband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do-Ashkaft_Cave" title="Do-Ashkaft Cave">Do-Ashkaft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eshkaft-e_Siahoo" title="Eshkaft-e Siahoo">Eshkaft-e Siahoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huto_and_Kamarband_Caves" class="mw-redirect" title="Huto and Kamarband Caves">Huto and Kamarband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaleh_Bozi" class="mw-redirect" title="Qaleh Bozi">Qaleh Bozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwasi" title="Warwasi">Warwasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wezmeh" title="Wezmeh">Wezmeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yafteh" title="Yafteh">Yafteh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Iraq</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hazar_Merd_Cave" title="Hazar Merd Cave">Hazar Merd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanidar_Cave" title="Shanidar Cave">Shanidar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Israel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amud_Cave" title="Amud Cave">Amud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HaYonim_Cave" title="HaYonim Cave">HaYonim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebara_Cave" title="Kebara Cave">Kebara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manot_Cave" title="Manot Cave">Manot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misliya_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Misliya cave">Misliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahal_Me%27arot_Nature_Reserve" title="Nahal Me'arot Nature Reserve">Nahal Me'arot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahal_Hemar" class="mw-redirect" title="Nahal Hemar">Nahal Hemar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahal_Oren_(archaeological_site)" title="Nahal Oren (archaeological site)">Nahal Oren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qafzeh_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Qafzeh cave">Qafzeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qesem_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Qesem Cave">Qesem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raqefet_Cave" title="Raqefet Cave">Raqefet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Es_Skhul" class="mw-redirect" title="Es Skhul">Skhul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabun_Cave" title="Tabun Cave">Tabun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mugharet_el-Zuttiyeh" title="Mugharet el-Zuttiyeh">Zuttiyeh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Japan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosegasawa_Cave" title="Kosegasawa Cave">Kosegasawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minatogawa_Man" title="Minatogawa Man">Minatogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muroya_Cave" title="Muroya Cave">Muroya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Czakai_Cave_Dwelling_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Ōzakai Cave Dwelling Site">Ōzakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinza-Abu_Cave_Man" title="Pinza-Abu Cave Man">Pinza-Abu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiraho_Saonetabaru_Cave_Ruins" title="Shiraho Saonetabaru Cave Ruins">Shiraho Saonetabaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobayama_Cave" title="Tobayama Cave">Tobayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamashita_Cave_Man" title="Yamashita Cave Man">Yamashita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Jordan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_ed-Dubb" title="Iraq ed-Dubb">Iraq ed-Dubb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Laos</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tham_An_Mah" title="Tham An Mah">Tham An Mah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tam_Pa_Ling_Cave" title="Tam Pa Ling Cave">Tam Pa Ling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Lebanon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antelias_cave" title="Antelias cave">Antelias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeita_Grotto" title="Jeita Grotto">Jeita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaukaba" title="Kaukaba">Kaukaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksar_Akil" title="Ksar Akil">Ksar Akil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_Baalbek_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras Baalbek I">Ras Baalbek I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_El_Kelb" title="Ras El Kelb">Ras El Kelb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nachcharini" title="Nachcharini">Nachcharini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Malaysia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niah_National_Park" title="Niah National Park">Niah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Mongolia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khoit_Tsenkher_Cave_Rock_Art" title="Khoit Tsenkher Cave Rock Art">Khoit Tsenkher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Myanmar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Padah-Lin_Caves" title="Padah-Lin Caves">Padah-Lin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Pakistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanghao_Cave" title="Sanghao Cave">Sanghao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shuqba_cave" title="Shuqba cave">Shuqba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Philippines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Callao_Cave" title="Callao Cave">Callao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalanay_Cave" title="Kalanay Cave">Kalanay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minori_Cave" title="Minori Cave">Minori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapuz_Lapuz_Cave" title="Lapuz Lapuz Cave">Lapuz Lapuz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabon_Caves" title="Tabon Caves">Tabon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Sri Lanka</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batadombalena" title="Batadombalena">Batadombalena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belilena" class="mw-redirect" title="Belilena">Belilena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fa_Hien_Cave" title="Fa Hien Cave">Fa Hien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunugalagala_Limestone_Cave" title="Hunugalagala Limestone Cave">Hunugalagala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Thailand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pha_Taem_National_Park" title="Pha Taem National Park">Pha Taem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_Cave,_Thailand" class="mw-redirect" title="Spirit Cave, Thailand">Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tham_Lod_rockshelter" title="Tham Lod rockshelter">Tham Lod</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Turkmenistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Dzhebel" title="Cave of Dzhebel">Dzhebel</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Turkey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belba%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Belbaşı">Belbaşı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karain_Cave" title="Karain Cave">Karain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yar%C4%B1mburgaz_Cave" title="Yarımburgaz Cave">Yarımburgaz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Uzbekistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Obi-Rakhmat_Grotto" title="Obi-Rakhmat Grotto">Obi-Rakhmat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teshik-Tash" class="mw-redirect" title="Teshik-Tash">Teshik-Tash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Vietnam</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Con_Moong_Cave" title="Con Moong Cave">Con Moong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dm" title="Ngườm">Ngườm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_in_Africa" title="Category:Rock art in Africa">Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Algeria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gueldaman_caves" title="Gueldaman caves">Gueldaman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Botswana</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tsodilo" title="Tsodilo">Tsodilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manyana_Rock_Paintings" title="Manyana Rock Paintings">Manyana Rock Paintings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Cameroon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shum_Laka" title="Shum Laka">Shum Laka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">DR Congo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matupi_Cave" title="Matupi Cave">Matupi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Egypt</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Beasts" title="Cave of Beasts">Beasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Swimmers" title="Cave of Swimmers">Swimmers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Kenya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enkapune_Ya_Muto" title="Enkapune Ya Muto">Enkapune Ya Muto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Njoro_River_Cave" title="Njoro River Cave">Njoro River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Lesotho</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liphofung_Historical_Site" title="Liphofung Historical Site">Liphofung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Libya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haua_Fteah" title="Haua Fteah">Haua Fteah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uan_Muhuggiag" title="Uan Muhuggiag">Uan Muhuggiag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Morocco</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Hercules" title="Caves of Hercules">Hercules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifri_N%27Ammar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ifri N'Ammar">Ifri N'Ammar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifri_N%27Amr_Ou_Moussa" title="Ifri N'Amr Ou Moussa">Ifri N'Amr Ou Moussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifri_Oudadane" title="Ifri Oudadane">Ifri Oudadane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jebel_Irhoud" title="Jebel Irhoud">Jebel Irhoud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelif_el_Boroud" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelif el Boroud">Kelif el Boroud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taforalt" title="Taforalt">Taforalt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Mozambique</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngalue" title="Ngalue">Ngalue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Namibia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_Cave" title="Apollo 11 Cave">Apollo 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_White_Lady_(Namibia)" title="The White Lady (Namibia)">The White Lady</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Nigeria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rop_rock_shelter" title="Rop rock shelter">Rop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Somaliland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhambalin" title="Dhambalin">Dhambalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaymoole" title="Dhaymoole">Dhaymoole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laas_Geel" title="Laas Geel">Laas Geel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">South Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Cradle_of_Humankind" title="Cradle of Humankind">Cradle of Humankind, World Heritage Site</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bolt%27s_Farm" title="Bolt's Farm">Bolt's Farm</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cooper%27s_Cave" title="Cooper's Cave">Cooper's</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Drimolen" title="Drimolen">Drimolen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gladysvale_Cave" title="Gladysvale Cave">Gladysvale</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gondolin_Cave" title="Gondolin Cave">Gondolin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Haasgat" title="Haasgat">Haasgat</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kromdraai_fossil_site" title="Kromdraai fossil site">Kromdraai</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Makapansgat" title="Makapansgat">Makapansgat</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Malapa_Fossil_Site,_Cradle_of_Humankind" title="Malapa Fossil Site, Cradle of Humankind">Malapa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Minnaar%27s_Cave" title="Minnaar's Cave">Minnaar's</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Motsetsi" title="Motsetsi">Motsetsi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plovers_Lake" title="Plovers Lake">Plovers Lake</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rising_Star_Cave" title="Rising Star Cave">Rising Star</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sterkfontein" title="Sterkfontein">Sterkfontein</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Swartkrans" title="Swartkrans">Swartkrans</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Other caves</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Blombos_Cave" title="Blombos Cave">Blombos</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Border_Cave" title="Border Cave">Border</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Boomplaas_Cave" title="Boomplaas Cave">Boomplaas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Byneskranskop" title="Byneskranskop">Byneskranskop</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cango_Caves" title="Cango Caves">Cango</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Diepkloof_Rock_Shelter" title="Diepkloof Rock Shelter">Diepkloof</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elands_Bay_Cave" title="Elands Bay Cave">Elands Bay</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Howieson%27s_Poort_Shelter" title="Howieson's Poort Shelter">Howieson's Poort</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Klasies_River_Caves" title="Klasies River Caves">Klasies River</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Melkhoutboom_Cave" title="Melkhoutboom Cave">Melkhoutboom</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Bay_Cave" title="Nelson Bay Cave">Nelson Bay</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pinnacle_Point" title="Pinnacle Point">Pinnacle Point</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sibudu_Cave" title="Sibudu Cave">Sibudu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stadsaal_Caves" title="Stadsaal Caves">Stadsaal</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wonderwerk_Cave" title="Wonderwerk Cave">Wonderwerk</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Tanzania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kondoa_Rock-Art_Sites" title="Kondoa Rock-Art Sites">Kondoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahi_rock_art_sites" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahi rock art sites">Bahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumba_Cave" title="Mumba Cave">Mumba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Uganda</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nyero_rock_paintings" title="Nyero rock paintings">Nyero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Zambia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalemba_Rockshelter" title="Kalemba Rockshelter">Kalemba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbwa_Caves" title="Mumbwa Caves">Mumbwa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Zimbabwe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bambata_Cave" title="Bambata Cave">Bambata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="North_and_South_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_in_North_America" title="Category:Rock art in North America">North</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_in_South_America" title="Category:Rock art in South America">South America</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Argentina</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cueva_de_las_Manos" title="Cueva de las Manos">Cueva de las Manos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Aruba</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quadiriki_Caves" title="Quadiriki Caves">Quadiriki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Belize</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actun_Tunichil_Muknal" title="Actun Tunichil Muknal">Actun Tunichil Muknal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barton_Creek_Cave" title="Barton Creek Cave">Barton Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Terror_Cave" title="Midnight Terror Cave">Midnight Terror</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Brazil</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grotto_of_the_Gentio" title="Grotto of the Gentio">Gentio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gruta_de_Maquin%C3%A9" title="Gruta de Maquiné">Maquiné</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caverna_da_Pedra_Pintada" title="Caverna da Pedra Pintada">Pedra Pintada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavernas_do_Perua%C3%A7u_National_Park" title="Cavernas do Peruaçu National Park">Peruaçu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gruta_Rei_do_Mato" title="Gruta Rei do Mato">Rei do Mato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapa_do_Santo" title="Lapa do Santo">Santo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toca_da_Tira_Peia" title="Toca da Tira Peia">Toca da Tira Peia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bluefish_Caves" title="Bluefish Caves">Bluefish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Lake_Cave" title="Charlie Lake Cave">Charlie Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Chile</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cueva_Fell" title="Cueva Fell">Fell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cueva_del_Milod%C3%B3n_Natural_Monument" title="Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument">Milodón</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Colombia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/El_Abra" title="El Abra">El Abra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serran%C3%ADa_de_Chiribiquete#Protected_area" title="Serranía de Chiribiquete">Chiribiquete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedras_del_Tunjo_Archaeological_Park" title="Piedras del Tunjo Archaeological Park">Piedras del Tunjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1chica#Rock_art" title="Sáchica">Sáchica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tequendama" title="Tequendama">Tequendama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibit%C3%B3" title="Tibitó">Tibitó</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Cuba</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosio_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrosio Cave">Ambrosio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calero_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calero Cave (page does not exist)">Calero</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centella_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centella Cave (page does not exist)">Centella</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cura_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cura Cave (page does not exist)">Cura</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patana_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patana Cave (page does not exist)">Patana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pluma_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pluma Cave (page does not exist)">Pluma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hato_Caves" title="Hato Caves">Hato</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Dominican Republic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomier_Caves" title="Pomier Caves">Pomier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Jamaica</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_Mile_Cave" title="Long Mile Cave">Long Mile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Mexico</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chan_Hol" title="Chan Hol">Chan Hol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coxcatlan_Cave" title="Coxcatlan Cave">Coxcatlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzibilchaltun" title="Dzibilchaltun">Dzibilchaltún</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cueva_de_las_Flechas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cueva de las Flechas (page does not exist)">Las Flechas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frightful_Cave" title="Frightful Cave">Frightful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guil%C3%A1_Naquitz_Cave" title="Guilá Naquitz Cave">Guilá Naquitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistema_Ox_Bel_Ha" title="Sistema Ox Bel Ha">Ox Bel Ha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxtotitl%C3%A1n" title="Oxtotitlán">Oxtotitlán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistema_Sac_Actun" title="Sistema Sac Actun">Sac Actun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Peru</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chivateros" title="Chivateros">Chivateros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guitarrero_Cave" title="Guitarrero Cave">Guitarrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pikimachay" title="Pikimachay">Pikimachay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qillqatani" title="Qillqatani">Qillqatani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toquepala_Caves" title="Toquepala Caves">Toquepala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%27uqu_T%27uquyuq" title="T'uqu T'uquyuq">T'uqu T'uquyuq</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Suriname</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Werehpai" title="Werehpai">Werehpai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Research_Cave" title="Research Cave">Arnold Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Cave" title="Baker Cave">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonfire_Shelter" title="Bonfire Shelter">Bonfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bull_Thistle_Cave_Archaeological_Site" title="Bull Thistle Cave Archaeological Site">Bull Thistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnet_Cave" title="Burnet Cave">Burnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Creek_Rockshelter" title="Cherry Creek Rockshelter">Cherry Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Millennial_site" title="Colorado Millennial site">Colorado Millennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danger_Cave" title="Danger Cave">Danger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daugherty%27s_Cave_and_Breeding_Site" title="Daugherty's Cave and Breeding Site">Daugherty's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_Creek_Rockshelter" title="Dry Creek Rockshelter">Dry Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durango_Rock_Shelters_Archeology_Site" title="Durango Rock Shelters Archeology Site">Durango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dust_Cave" title="Dust Cave">Dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutchess_Quarry_Cave_Site" title="Dutchess Quarry Cave Site">Dutchess Quarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Rock_Cave" title="Fort Rock Cave">Fort Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franktown_Cave" title="Franktown Cave">Franktown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatecliff_Rockshelter" title="Gatecliff Rockshelter">Gatecliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Cave" title="Graham Cave">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_Cave" title="Hidden Cave">Hidden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_Valley_Rock_Shelter" title="Hidden Valley Rock Shelter">Hidden Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogup_Cave" title="Hogup Cave">Hogup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_Cave" title="Humboldt Cave">Humboldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Grange_Rock_Shelter" title="La Grange Rock Shelter">La Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper_Cave" title="Last Supper Cave">Last Supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Rock_Shelter" title="Levi Rock Shelter">Levi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LoDaisKa_site" title="LoDaisKa site">LoDaisKa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovelock_Cave" title="Lovelock Cave">Lovelock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammoth_Cave_National_Park" title="Mammoth Cave National Park">Mammoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle%27s_Cave" title="Mantle's Cave">Mantle's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmes_Rockshelter" title="Marmes Rockshelter">Marmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martz_Rock_Shelters" title="Martz Rock Shelters">Martz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meadowcroft_Rockshelter" title="Meadowcroft Rockshelter">Meadowcroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modoc_Rock_Shelter" title="Modoc Rock Shelter">Modoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mummy_Cave" title="Mummy Cave">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Your_Knees_Cave" title="On Your Knees Cave">On Your Knees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_Caves" title="Paisley Caves">Paisley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendejo_Cave" title="Pendejo Cave">Pendejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictograph_Cave_(Billings,_Montana)" title="Pictograph Cave (Billings, Montana)">Pictograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockhouse_Cliffs_Rockshelters" title="Rockhouse Cliffs Rockshelters">Rockhouse Cliffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Cave_National_Monument" title="Russell Cave National Monument">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandia_Cave" title="Sandia Cave">Sandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoup_Rock_Shelters" title="Shoup Rock Shelters">Shoup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisyphus_Shelter" title="Sisyphus Shelter">Sisyphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanfield-Worley_Bluff_Shelter" title="Stanfield-Worley Bluff Shelter">Stanfield-Worley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tainter_Cave" title="Tainter Cave">Tainter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomaquag_Rock_Shelters" title="Tomaquag Rock Shelters">Tomaquag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trail_Creek_Caves" title="Trail Creek Caves">Trail Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinchera_Cave_Archeological_District" title="Trinchera Cave Archeological District">Trinchera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventana_Cave" title="Ventana Cave">Ventana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Butte_Cave" title="Wilson Butte Cave">Wilson Butte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_of_Oceania" title="Category:Rock art of Oceania">Oceania</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abrakurrie_Cave" title="Abrakurrie Cave">Abrakurrie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acheron_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acheron Cave (page does not exist)">Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ballawinne_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ballawinne Cave (page does not exist)">Ballawinne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beeton_Shelter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beeton Shelter (page does not exist)">Beeton Shelter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginner%27s_Luck_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beginner's Luck Cave (page does not exist)">Beginner's Luck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_Cave" title="Blanche Cave">Blanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bone_Cave_(Tasmania)" title="Bone Cave (Tasmania)">Bone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burrup_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Burrup Peninsula">Burrup</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cave_Bay_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cave Bay Cave (page does not exist)">Cave Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliefden_Caves" title="Cliefden Caves">Cliefden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloggs_Cave" title="Cloggs Cave">Cloggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Lair" title="Devil's Lair">Devil's Lair</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagles_Reach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eagles Reach (page does not exist)">Eagles Reach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_Cave" title="Fossil Cave">Fossil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabarnmung" title="Gabarnmung">Gabarnmung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwion_Gwion_rock_paintings" title="Gwion Gwion rock paintings">Gwion Gwion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenolan_Caves#Indigenous_culture" title="Jenolan Caves">Jenolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koongine_Cave" title="Koongine Cave">Koongine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koonalda_Cave" title="Koonalda Cave">Koonalda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutikina_Cave" title="Kutikina Cave">Kutikina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Mackintosh" title="Lake Mackintosh">Mackintosh 90/1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madjedbebe" title="Madjedbebe">Madjedbebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammoth_Cave_(Western_Australia)" title="Mammoth Cave (Western Australia)">Mammoth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mannalargenna_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mannalargenna Cave (page does not exist)">Mannalargenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudgegonga_rock_shelter" title="Mudgegonga rock shelter">Mudgegonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murrawijinie_Cave" title="Murrawijinie Cave">Murrawijinie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murujuga" title="Murujuga">Murujuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naracoorte_Caves" class="mw-redirect" title="Naracoorte Caves">Naracoorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea_II_cave" title="New Guinea II cave">New Guinea II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunamira_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nunamira Cave (page does not exist)">Nunamira</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ORS_7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ORS 7 (page does not exist)">ORS 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarragal_Caves" title="Tarragal Caves">Tarragal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubirr" title="Ubirr">Ubirr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wargata_Mina_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wargata Mina Cave (page does not exist)">Wargata Mina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warratyi" title="Warratyi">Warratyi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Warreen_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Warreen Cave (page does not exist)">Warreen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_Caves" title="Wellington Caves">Wellington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gadao%27s_Cave" title="Gadao's Cave">Gadao's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahlac_Pictograph_Cave" title="Mahlac Pictograph Cave">Mahlac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talagi_Pictograph_Cave" title="Talagi Pictograph Cave">Talagi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Hawaii</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makauwahi_Cave" title="Makauwahi Cave">Makauwahi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pindai_Caves" title="Pindai Caves">Pindai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moncks_Cave" title="Moncks Cave">Moncks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruakuri_Cave" title="Ruakuri Cave">Ruakuri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chugai%27_Pictograph_Site" title="Chugai' Pictograph Site">Chugai'</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Papua New Guinea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kilu_Cave" title="Kilu Cave">Kilu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Samoa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falemauga_Caves" title="Falemauga Caves">Falemauga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Tuvalu</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Nanumanga" title="Caves of Nanumanga">Nanumanga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Cave</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves" title="List of caves">List of caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_painting" title="Cave painting">Cave painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speleology" title="Speleology">Speleology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029322#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029322#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029322#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/295503293">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1030376956">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh96002595">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007544583705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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