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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/KARE_NBC_11_Minneapolis%2C_Minnesota_Logo.svg/410px-KARE_NBC_11_Minneapolis%2C_Minnesota_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/KARE_NBC_11_Minneapolis%2C_Minnesota_Logo.svg/546px-KARE_NBC_11_Minneapolis%2C_Minnesota_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3753" data-file-height="988" /></a></span></div> </div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/KARE_(TV)" title="KARE (TV)">KARE</a></b> (channel&#160;11) is a <a href="/wiki/Television_station" title="Television station">television station</a> licensed to <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a>, United States, an <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> affiliate. Channel&#160;11 began service as WTCN, an <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> affiliate, in 1953. It presented several notable children's shows in its early years. After <a href="/wiki/Time_Inc." title="Time Inc.">Time Inc.</a> purchased the station in 1957, ABC switched affiliates, leaving channel&#160;11 to become an <a href="/wiki/Independent_station" title="Independent station">independent station</a> that broadcast the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Twins" title="Minnesota Twins">Minnesota Twins</a> baseball team, movies, and syndicated programs. By the late 1970s, WTCN was one of the nation's most financially successful independent stations. On March&#160;5, 1979, channel&#160;11 became an NBC affiliate but struggled with its revamped newscasts. Between 1983 and 1987, the station moved from last to first in late news ratings, battling <a href="/wiki/WCCO-TV" title="WCCO-TV">WCCO</a> for two decades. It changed call signs twice in that period, to WUSA in 1985 and KARE in 1986, when owner <a href="/wiki/Gannett" title="Gannett">Gannett</a> moved the WUSA call sign to <a href="/wiki/WUSA_(TV)" title="WUSA (TV)">its Washington, D.C., station.</a> More recently, as of 2022, the station has been a second-place finisher in local news. 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margin-left: 0.5em;"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 133px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Denizard,_Marie.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marie Denizard"><img alt="Marie Denizard" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Denizard%2C_Marie.jpg/133px-Denizard%2C_Marie.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Denizard%2C_Marie.jpg/200px-Denizard%2C_Marie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Denizard%2C_Marie.jpg/266px-Denizard%2C_Marie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="554" data-file-height="618" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;">Marie Denizard</div></div> </div> <ul><li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Marie_Denizard" title="Marie Denizard">Marie Denizard</a></b> <i>(pictured)</i> stood as a candidate in a French presidential election in 1913, thirty years before French women achieved suffrage?</li> <li>... that <i><b><a href="/wiki/The_Crystal_(tabloid)" title="The Crystal (tabloid)">The Crystal</a></b></i> was one of few publications in early-20th-century China that regularly covered same-sex intimacy?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Hanif_Kureshi" title="Hanif Kureshi">Hanif Kureshi</a></b> transformed shadows cast by the Sun into street art?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Gigarta" title="Gigarta">Gigarta</a></b>, a settlement mentioned by <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a>, is believed to have been located on the slopes of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Lebanon" title="Mount Lebanon">Mount Lebanon</a>, although its exact location remains under debate?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Al_LeBoeuf" title="Al LeBoeuf">Al LeBoeuf</a></b> was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/POEMS_syndrome" title="POEMS syndrome">a rare condition</a> in 2012 from an injury that he suffered in 1985?</li> <li>... that <a href="/wiki/Sveriges_Radio" title="Sveriges Radio">the Swedish broadcaster</a> organising the <b><a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1975" title="Eurovision Song Contest 1975">Eurovision Song Contest 1975</a></b> refused to allow the contest to be shown in Chile, as a protest against the country's military dictatorship?</li> <li>... that the <b><a href="/wiki/Manga_and_anime_fandom_in_Poland" title="Manga and anime fandom in Poland">Polish manga and anime fandom</a></b> arose in the 1990s and now numbers over 100,000 people?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Frank_A._Kimball" title="Frank A. 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color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 162px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2024%EB%85%84_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B3%84%EC%97%84_%EB%B0%98%EB%8C%80_%EC%8B%9C%EC%9C%84%EB%8C%80_%EA%B9%83%EB%B0%9C.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Protesters following the declaration of martial law"><img alt="Protesters following the declaration of martial law" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/2024%EB%85%84_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B3%84%EC%97%84_%EB%B0%98%EB%8C%80_%EC%8B%9C%EC%9C%84%EB%8C%80_%EA%B9%83%EB%B0%9C.jpg/162px-2024%EB%85%84_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B3%84%EC%97%84_%EB%B0%98%EB%8C%80_%EC%8B%9C%EC%9C%84%EB%8C%80_%EA%B9%83%EB%B0%9C.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/2024%EB%85%84_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B3%84%EC%97%84_%EB%B0%98%EB%8C%80_%EC%8B%9C%EC%9C%84%EB%8C%80_%EA%B9%83%EB%B0%9C.jpg/243px-2024%EB%85%84_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B3%84%EC%97%84_%EB%B0%98%EB%8C%80_%EC%8B%9C%EC%9C%84%EB%8C%80_%EA%B9%83%EB%B0%9C.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/2024%EB%85%84_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B3%84%EC%97%84_%EB%B0%98%EB%8C%80_%EC%8B%9C%EC%9C%84%EB%8C%80_%EA%B9%83%EB%B0%9C.jpg/324px-2024%EB%85%84_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B3%84%EC%97%84_%EB%B0%98%EB%8C%80_%EC%8B%9C%EC%9C%84%EB%8C%80_%EA%B9%83%EB%B0%9C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word; text-align: left;">Protesters in South Korea</div></div> </div> <ul><li>South Korean President <a href="/wiki/Yoon_Suk_Yeol" title="Yoon Suk Yeol">Yoon Suk Yeol</a> <b><a href="/wiki/2024_South_Korean_martial_law" title="2024 South Korean martial law">declares martial law</a></b> <i>(protests pictured)</i> and lifts it hours later after a vote by the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(South_Korea)" title="National Assembly (South Korea)">National Assembly</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_opposition" title="Syrian opposition">Syrian opposition</a> forces <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aleppo_(2024)" title="Battle of Aleppo (2024)">enter Aleppo</a> in <b><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(2024)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (2024)">the first offensive</a></b> since the 2020 ceasefire.</li> <li>Israel and Lebanon agree to a <b><a href="/wiki/2024_Israel%E2%80%93Lebanon_ceasefire_agreement" title="2024 Israel–Lebanon ceasefire agreement"><span class="nowrap">60-day</span> ceasefire</a></b> to halt <a href="/wiki/2024_Israeli_invasion_of_Lebanon" title="2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon">the current hostilities</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Motorsport" title="Motorsport">motorsport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thierry_Neuville" title="Thierry Neuville">Thierry Neuville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Martijn_Wydaeghe" title="Martijn Wydaeghe">Martijn Wydaeghe</a> win <b><a href="/wiki/2024_World_Rally_Championship" title="2024 World Rally Championship">the World Rally Championship</a></b>.</li></ul> <div class="itn-footer" style="margin-top: 0.5em;"> <div><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Portal:Current events">Ongoing</a></b>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israel–Hamas war">Israel–Hamas war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Israeli_invasion_of_Lebanon" title="2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon">Israeli invasion of Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_August_2024_%E2%80%93_present)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 August 2024 – present)">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_civil_war_(2023%E2%80%93present)" title="Sudanese civil war (2023–present)">Sudanese civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Sudanese_civil_war_(2024)" title="Timeline of the Sudanese civil war (2024)">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div> <div><b><a href="/wiki/Deaths_in_2024" title="Deaths in 2024">Recent deaths</a></b>&#58; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Stanley_Pottinger" title="John Stanley Pottinger">John Stanley Pottinger</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvia_Pinal" title="Silvia Pinal">Silvia Pinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Griffiths" title="Terry Griffiths">Terry Griffiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hughes_(Australian_politician)" title="Tom Hughes (Australian politician)">Tom Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peggy_Caserta" title="Peggy Caserta">Peggy Caserta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siegfried_Thiele" title="Siegfried Thiele">Siegfried Thiele</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist itn-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:In_the_news/Candidates" title="Wikipedia:In the news/Candidates">Nominate an article</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> <h2 id="On_this_day" id="mp-otd-h2" class="mp-h2">On this day</h2> <div id="mp-otd" class="mp-contains-float"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/December_4" title="December 4">December 4</a></b>: <b><a href="/wiki/Navy_Day_(India)" title="Navy Day (India)">Navy Day</a></b> in India </p> <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em;" id="mp-otd-img"> <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em;" id="mp-otd-img"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 138px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-49.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="2004 transit of Venus"><img alt="2004 transit of Venus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-49.jpg/138px-Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-49.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-49.jpg/207px-Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-49.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-49.jpg/276px-Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-49.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1375" data-file-height="1406" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;">2004 transit of Venus</div></div> </div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1639" title="1639">1639</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Horrocks" title="Jeremiah Horrocks">Jeremiah Horrocks</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Crabtree" title="William Crabtree">William Crabtree</a> made <b><a href="/wiki/1639_transit_of_Venus" title="1639 transit of Venus">the first successful observation</a></b> of a <a href="/wiki/Transit_of_Venus" title="Transit of Venus">transit of Venus</a> <i>(example pictured)</i> from Earth.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872" title="1872">1872</a> – The American <a href="/wiki/Brigantine" title="Brigantine">brigantine</a> <i><b><a href="/wiki/Mary_Celeste" title="Mary Celeste">Mary Celeste</a></b></i> was found apparently abandoned under circumstances that remain unknown.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a> – <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1971" title="Indo-Pakistani war of 1971">Indo-Pakistani War</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Indian_Navy" title="Indian Navy">Indian Navy</a> launched <b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Trident_(1971)" title="Operation Trident (1971)">a successful attack</a></b> against the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Navy" title="Pakistan Navy">Pakistan Navy</a> at <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>, sinking three ships with no Indian casualties.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> – The English rock group <b><a href="/wiki/Led_Zeppelin" title="Led Zeppelin">Led Zeppelin</a></b> officially disbanded.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> – <b><a href="/wiki/Jena_Six" title="Jena Six">Six black teenagers</a></b> assaulted a white student in <a href="/wiki/Jena,_Louisiana" title="Jena, Louisiana">Jena, Louisiana</a>; the subsequent court cases became a <i><a href="/wiki/Cause_c%C3%A9l%C3%A8bre" title="Cause célèbre">cause célèbre</a></i> for perceived racial injustice in the United States.</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist" style="margin-top: 0.5em;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Maerten_de_Vos" title="Maerten de Vos">Maerten de Vos</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr>&#160;1603)</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Forbes_Blackadder" title="Agnes Forbes Blackadder">Agnes Forbes Blackadder</a></b> (<abbr title="born">b.</abbr>&#160;1875)</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Inder_Kumar_Gujral" title="Inder Kumar Gujral">Inder Kumar Gujral</a></b> (<abbr title="born">b.</abbr>&#160;1919)</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr>&#160;1976)</li></ul></div> <div style="margin-top:0.5em;"> More anniversaries: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December_3" title="December 3">December 3</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/December_4" title="December 4">December 4</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_5" title="December 5">December 5</a></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist otd-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Selected_anniversaries/December" title="Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/December">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/daily-article-l.lists.wikimedia.org/" class="extiw" title="mail:daily-article-l">By email</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_days_of_the_year" title="List of days of the year">List of days of the year</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Selected_anniversaries" title="Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries">About</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mp-lower" class="MainPageBG mp-box"> <h2 id="Today's_featured_picture" id="mp-tfp-h2" class="mp-h2"><span id="Today.27s_featured_picture"></span>Today's featured picture</h2> <div id="mp-tfp"> <table role="presentation" style="margin:0 3px 3px; width:100%; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:0 0.9em 0 0; width:400px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarcelle_cannelle_(Spatula_cyanoptera).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cinnamon teal"><img alt="Cinnamon teal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sarcelle_cannelle_%28Spatula_cyanoptera%29.jpg/400px-Sarcelle_cannelle_%28Spatula_cyanoptera%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sarcelle_cannelle_%28Spatula_cyanoptera%29.jpg/600px-Sarcelle_cannelle_%28Spatula_cyanoptera%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sarcelle_cannelle_%28Spatula_cyanoptera%29.jpg/800px-Sarcelle_cannelle_%28Spatula_cyanoptera%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4410" data-file-height="2902" /></a></span> </td> <td style="padding:0 6px 0 0"> <p>The <b><a href="/wiki/Cinnamon_teal" title="Cinnamon teal">cinnamon teal</a></b> (<i>Spatula cyanoptera</i>) is a species of <a href="/wiki/Anatinae" title="Anatinae">dabbling duck</a> found in western North and South America. It is a migratory species, travelling to northern South America and the Caribbean during the Northern Hemisphere's winter. The cinnamon teal lives in marshes and ponds, and feeds mostly on plants. It has a typical length of 16&#160;in (41&#160;cm), with a wing span of 22&#160;inch (56&#160;cm) and a mass of 14&#160;oz (400&#160;g). The male has bright reddish plumage with a duller brown coloration on the female. The bird feeds predominantly by dabbling, with its main diet being plants and sometimes <a href="/wiki/Mollusca" title="Mollusca">molluscs</a> and aquatic <a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">insects</a>. This cinnamon teal was photographed at the Parrot World animal park in <a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A9cy-la-Chapelle" title="Crécy-la-Chapelle">Crécy-la-Chapelle</a>, France. </p> <p style="text-align:left;"><small>Photograph credit: <a href="/wiki/User:Cl%C3%A9ment_Bardot" title="User:Clément Bardot">Clément Bardot</a></small></p> <div class="potd-recent" style="text-align:right;"> Recently featured: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2024-12-03" title="Template:POTD/2024-12-03">Mangosteen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2024-12-02" title="Template:POTD/2024-12-02">The Book of Fixed Stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2024-12-01" title="Template:POTD/2024-12-01">African helmeted turtle</a></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist potd-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> 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title="Korean (ko:)" lang="ko">한국어</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Hungarian (hu:)" lang="hu">Magyar</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Norwegian (no:)" lang="no">Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Romanian (ro:)" lang="ro">Română</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Simple English (simple:)" lang="en">Simple English</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Slovak (sk:)" lang="sk">Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Serbian (sr:)" lang="sr">Srpski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Serbo-Croatian (sh:)" lang="sh">Srpskohrvatski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Finnish (fi:)" lang="fi">Suomi</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Turkish (tr:)" lang="tr">Türkçe</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Uzbek (uz:)" lang="uz">Oʻzbekcha</span></a></li></ul> </div> </li> <li> <div class="wikipedia-languages-count-container"> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> <div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="wikipedia-languages-count">50,000+ articles</div> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist wikipedia-languages-langs inline"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Asturian (ast:)" lang="ast">Asturianu</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Azerbaijani (az:)" lang="az">Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Bangla (bn:)" lang="bn">বাংলা</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Bosnian (bs:)" lang="bs">Bosanski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Central Kurdish (ckb:)" lang="ckb">کوردی</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Estonian (et:)" lang="et">Eesti</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Greek (el:)" lang="el">Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Western Frisian (fy:)" lang="fy">Frysk</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Irish (ga:)" lang="ga">Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Galician (gl:)" lang="gl">Galego</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Croatian (hr:)" lang="hr">Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Georgian (ka:)" lang="ka">ქართული</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Kurdish (ku:)" lang="ku">Kurdî</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Latvian (lv:)" lang="lv">Latviešu</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Lithuanian (lt:)" lang="lt">Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Malayalam (ml:)" lang="ml">മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Macedonian (mk:)" lang="mk">Македонски</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Burmese (my:)" lang="my">မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Norwegian Nynorsk (nn:)" lang="nn">Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Punjabi (pa:)" lang="pa">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Albanian (sq:)" lang="sq">Shqip</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Slovenian (sl:)" lang="sl">Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Thai (th:)" lang="th">ไทย</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Telugu (te:)" lang="te">తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Urdu (ur:)" lang="ur">اردو</span></a></li></ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div></div> </div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6855777b7b‐zhc95 Cached time: 20241204105616 Cache expiry: 3600 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [no‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.525 seconds Real time usage: 0.650 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5480/1000000 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Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </div> <div 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