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Zurich Metropolitan Area - Wikipedia
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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Greater_Zurich_Area_AG" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greater_Zurich_Area_AG"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Greater Zurich Area AG</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greater_Zurich_Area_AG-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div 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Available in 8 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolregion_Z%C3%BCrich" title="Metropolregion Zürich – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Metropolregion Zürich" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolregion_Z%C3%BCrich" title="Metropolregion Zürich – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Metropolregion Zürich" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:%C3%81rea_metropolitana_de_Z%C3%BArich" title="Anexo:Área metropolitana de Zúrich – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anexo:Área metropolitana de Zúrich" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich_storbyomr%C3%A5de" title="Zürich storbyområde – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Zürich storbyområde" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AE_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%B9%D9%86_%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%81" title="زیورخ میٹروپولیٹن علاقہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="زیورخ میٹروپولیٹن علاقہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AE_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%B9%D9%86_%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%81" title="زیورخ میٹروپولیٹن علاقہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="زیورخ میٹروپولیٹن علاقہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B9ng_%C4%91%C3%B4_th%E1%BB%8B_Z%C3%BCrich" title="Vùng đô thị Zürich – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vùng đô thị Zürich" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%BB%8E%E4%B8%96%E9%83%BD%E6%9C%83%E5%8D%80" title="蘇黎世都會區 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蘇黎世都會區" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q690149#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage 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href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Zurich_Metropolitan_Area&params=47_22_N_8_33_E_type:city(1660000)_region:CH-ZG"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">47°22′N</span> <span class="longitude">8°33′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">47.367°N 8.550°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">47.367; 8.550</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zurich_metropolitan_area&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Zurich metropolitan area">Zurich metropolitan area</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Metropolitan area in Switzerland</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Zürich Metropolitan Area</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="de">Metropolregion Zürich</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metropolitan area</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Z%C3%BCrich.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View over Zürich and the lake"><img alt="View over Zürich and the lake" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Z%C3%BCrich.jpg/250px-Z%C3%BCrich.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Z%C3%BCrich.jpg/375px-Z%C3%BCrich.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Z%C3%BCrich.jpg/500px-Z%C3%BCrich.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="849" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">View over Zürich and the <a href="/wiki/Lake_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Zürich">lake</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GZA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/GZA.png/250px-GZA.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/GZA.png/375px-GZA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/GZA.png/500px-GZA.png 2x" data-file-width="702" data-file-height="441" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Zurich_Metropolitan_Area&params=47_22_N_8_33_E_type:city(1660000)_region:CH-ZG"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">47°22′N</span> <span class="longitude">8°33′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">47.367°N 8.550°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">47.367; 8.550</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span>  </span><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerland" title="Cantons of Switzerland">Cantons</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="474" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Zurich" title="Canton of Zurich">Zürich</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_Canton_of_Aargau.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Aargau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_Canton_of_Aargau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Aargau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_Canton_of_Aargau.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Aargau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Aargau" title="Aargau">Aargau</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_Canton_of_Schaffhausen.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Schaffhausen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_Canton_of_Schaffhausen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Schaffhausen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_Canton_of_Schaffhausen.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Schaffhausen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="470" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Schaffhausen" title="Canton of Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Canton_of_Schwyz.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Schwyz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Canton_of_Schwyz.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Schwyz.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Canton_of_Schwyz.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Schwyz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="475" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Schwyz" title="Canton of Schwyz">Schwyz</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_Canton_of_Sankt_Gallen.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Sankt_Gallen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_Canton_of_Sankt_Gallen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Sankt_Gallen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_Canton_of_Sankt_Gallen.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Sankt_Gallen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="420" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_St._Gallen" title="Canton of St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Canton_of_Thurgau.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Thurgau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Canton_of_Thurgau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Thurgau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Canton_of_Thurgau.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Thurgau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="470" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Thurgau" title="Thurgau">Thurgau</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Canton_of_Zug.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Zug.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Canton_of_Zug.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Zug.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Canton_of_Zug.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Zug.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Zug" title="Canton of Zug">Zug</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Switzerland" title="Districts of Switzerland">Districts</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Several</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Switzerland" title="Municipalities of Switzerland">Principal municipalities</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Total: 221<br />Core Cities:<br /><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Winterthur" title="Winterthur">Winterthur</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Baden,_Switzerland" title="Baden, Switzerland">Baden</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Zug" title="Zug">Zug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Schaffhausen" title="Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rapperswil" title="Rapperswil">Rapperswil</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Wetzikon" title="Wetzikon">Wetzikon</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lachen,_Switzerland" title="Lachen, Switzerland">Lachen</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Frauenfeld" title="Frauenfeld">Frauenfeld</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lenzburg" title="Lenzburg">Lenzburg</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Wohlen" class="mw-redirect" title="Wohlen">Wohlen</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,103 km<sup>2</sup> (812 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,660,000</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">790/km<sup>2</sup> (2,000/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Switzerland_and_Liechtenstein" title="Postal codes in Switzerland and Liechtenstein">Postal codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">5xxx, 6xxx, 8xxxx, 9xxxx</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2021)</th><td class="infobox-data">0.989<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:green">very high</span> · <a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Switzerland_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of regions of Switzerland by Human Development Index">1st</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_Zurich_Area.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Greater_Zurich_Area.png/220px-Greater_Zurich_Area.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Greater_Zurich_Area.png/330px-Greater_Zurich_Area.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Greater_Zurich_Area.png/440px-Greater_Zurich_Area.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="346" /></a><figcaption>Location within Switzerland</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>European Metropolitan Region of Zurich</b> (<b>EMRZ</b>), also <b>Greater Zurich Area</b> (<b>GZA</b>, German <i><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Zürcher Wirtschaftsraum, Metropolregion Zürich</i></span></i>), the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">metropolitan area</a> surrounding <a href="/wiki/Zurich" title="Zurich">Zurich</a>, is one of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>’s economically strongest areas and <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>’s economic centre. It comprises the area that can be reached within a roughly 80-minute drive from <a href="/wiki/Zurich_Airport" title="Zurich Airport">Zurich Airport</a>. Home to many international companies, it includes most of the <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Zurich" title="Canton of Zurich">canton of Zurich</a>, and stretches as far as the <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Aargau" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Aargau">Aargau</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Solothurn" title="Canton of Solothurn">Solothurn</a> in the west, <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Thurgau" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Thurgau">Thurgau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_St._Gallen" title="Canton of St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Grisons" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Grisons">Grisons</a> in the east, <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Schaffhausen" title="Canton of Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a> in the north and <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Zug" title="Canton of Zug">Zug</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Schwyz" title="Canton of Schwyz">Schwyz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Glarus" title="Canton of Glarus">Glarus</a> in the south. </p><p>The Swiss federal office for statistics defines an unofficial metropolitan area as including all areas where more than 1/12th of the workforce commutes to the core area. According to the 2000 <a href="/wiki/Swiss_census" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss census">Swiss census</a>, this includes a total of 220 municipalities in seven cantons: 127 in the <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Zürich">canton of Zürich</a>, 58 in <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Aargau" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Aargau">Aargau</a>, 11 in <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Schwyz" title="Canton of Schwyz">Schwyz</a>, 10 in <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Zug" title="Canton of Zug">Zug</a>, 9 in <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Schaffhausen" title="Canton of Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a>, 3 in <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Thurgau" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Thurgau">Thurgau</a> and 2 in <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_St._Gallen" title="Canton of St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a>. </p><p>Numerous Swiss and international corporations are based in the area, profiting from benefits such as </p> <ul><li>the low <a href="/wiki/Tax_rate" title="Tax rate">tax rate</a></li> <li>the low cost of doing business, excellent infrastructure</li> <li>the high <a href="/wiki/Quality_of_life" title="Quality of life">quality of life</a></li> <li>the dominant financial sector <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Greater_Zurich_Area_AG">Greater Zurich Area AG</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zurich_Metropolitan_Area&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Greater Zurich Area AG"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Greater Zurich Area AG, a nonprofit organization, is the marketing association for the Greater Zurich Area business region. It recruits international companies abroad and assists them with setting up companies and making investments in the Greater Zurich Area. Its sponsor is the <i>Stiftung Greater Zurich Area Standortmarketing,</i> a <a href="/wiki/Public-private_partnership" class="mw-redirect" title="Public-private partnership">public-private partnership</a> that was established in November 1998. Since that time, its membership has grown to include the cantons of <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Glarus" title="Canton of Glarus">Glarus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Grisons" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Grisons">Grisons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Schaffhausen" title="Canton of Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Schwyz" title="Canton of Schwyz">Schwyz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Solothurn" title="Canton of Solothurn">Solothurn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Ticino" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Ticino">Ticino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Uri" title="Canton of Uri">Uri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Zug" title="Canton of Zug">Zug</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Zürich">Zürich</a>, the cities of <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Winterthur" title="Winterthur">Winterthur</a>, several businesses and universities. Switzerland and the Greater Zurich Area have the prerequisites for innovation and sustainable growth. This is due to political stability, a large talent pool and the <a href="/wiki/ETH_Zurich" title="ETH Zurich">ETH Zurich</a> as one of the best universities in Europe. Companies such as <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>, <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Disney" class="mw-redirect" title="Disney">Disney</a>, <a href="/wiki/ABB" title="ABB">ABB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biogen" title="Biogen">Biogen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johnson_%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson">Johnson & Johnson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roche" title="Roche">Roche</a> operate important research and development (R&D) sites in the Zürich Metropolitan Area. </p><p>Important Industries: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_life_sciences" title="List of life sciences">Life Sciences</a>: <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">Biotech</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medical_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical technology">Medtech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">Information Technology</a>: <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_vision" title="Computer vision">Computer Vision</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virtual_reality" title="Virtual reality">Virtual Reality</a> & <a href="/wiki/Augmented_reality" title="Augmented reality">Augmented Reality</a>, <a href="/wiki/Information_security" title="Information security">Cybersecurity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial technology">Fintech</a> & <a href="/wiki/Blockchain" title="Blockchain">Blockchain</a></li> <li>Robotics & Intelligent Systems: <a href="/wiki/Robotics" title="Robotics">Robotics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">Drone Technology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_vision" title="Computer vision">Computer Vision</a></li></ul> <p>The association Zurich Airport Region (Flughafenregion Zürich) is responsible for the business network and location promotion in the immediate vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Zurich_Airport" title="Zurich Airport">Zurich Airport</a>. Large companies are headquartered in the Zurich Airport Region: <a href="/wiki/Swissport" title="Swissport">Swissport International</a> (Glattbrugg), <a href="/wiki/Gategroup" title="Gategroup">Gategroup</a> (Kloten), <a href="/wiki/Dormakaba" title="Dormakaba">Dormakaba</a> (Rümlang), <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/SV_Group" class="extiw" title="de:SV Group">SV Group</a> (Dübendorf), <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/SR_Technics" class="extiw" title="de:SR Technics">SR Technics</a> (Kloten), <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotelplan" class="extiw" title="de:Hotelplan">Hotelplan</a> (Glattbrugg), <a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a> Switzerland (Dübendorf), <a href="/wiki/Flughafen_Z%C3%BCrich_AG" title="Flughafen Zürich AG">Flughafen Zürich AG</a> (Kloten), <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumbo_(Baumarkt)" class="extiw" title="de:Jumbo (Baumarkt)">Jumbo</a> (Dietlikon), <a href="/wiki/UPC_Broadband" title="UPC Broadband">UPC</a> Switzerland (Wallisellen), <a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola_Hellenic_Bottling_Company" title="Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company">Coca-Cola HBC</a> Switzerland (Brüttisellen), <a href="/wiki/Edelweiss_Air" title="Edelweiss Air">Edelweiss Air</a> (Kloten), CSC Switzerland (Dübendorf), <a href="/wiki/Canon_Inc." title="Canon Inc.">Canon</a> Switzerland (Wallisellen), <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualipet" class="extiw" title="de:Qualipet">Qualipet</a> (Dietlikon), Gamma Renax (Dübendorf), <a href="/wiki/Infosys_Consulting" title="Infosys Consulting">Infosys Consulting</a> (Kloten), <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> Switzerland (Wallisellen), <a href="/wiki/Ricoh" title="Ricoh">Ricoh</a> Switzerland (Wallisellen), <a href="/wiki/Tchibo" title="Tchibo">Tchibo</a> Switzerland (Wallisellen), <a href="/wiki/Vifor_Pharma" class="mw-redirect" title="Vifor Pharma">Vifor Pharma</a> (Glattbrugg) . </p><p>The following eleven municipalities belong to the Swiss economic metropolis "Zurich Airport Region": <a href="/wiki/Bassersdorf" title="Bassersdorf">Bassersdorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClach" title="Bülach">Bülach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dietlikon" title="Dietlikon">Dietlikon</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCbendorf" title="Dübendorf">Dübendorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kloten" title="Kloten">Kloten</a>, <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCrensdorf" title="Nürensdorf">Nürensdorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oberglatt" title="Oberglatt">Oberglatt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opfikon" title="Opfikon">Opfikon</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCmlang" title="Rümlang">Rümlang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wallisellen" title="Wallisellen">Wallisellen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wangen-Br%C3%BCttisellen" title="Wangen-Brüttisellen">Wangen-Brüttisellen</a>. In the broader sense, many other communities and cities belong to the airport region of Zürich. The office of the association with over 500 members is located in Opfikon-Glattbrugg. Christoph Lang heads the office. René Huber (Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Kloten" title="Kloten">Kloten</a>) is the president of the association's board. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zurich_Metropolitan_Area&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Metropolregion_Z%C3%BCrich" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Metropolregion Zürich">Metropolregion Zürich</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Switzerland" title="List of metropolitan areas in Switzerland">List of metropolitan areas in Switzerland</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zurich_Metropolitan_Area&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/CHE/?levels=1+4&years=2021&interpolation=0&extrapolation=0">"Sub-national HDI - Switzerland (Europe)"</a>. <i>Global Data Lab</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Global+Data+Lab&rft.atitle=Sub-national+HDI+-+Switzerland+%28Europe%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobaldatalab.org%2Fshdi%2Ftable%2Fshdi%2FCHE%2F%3Flevels%3D1%2B4%26years%3D2021%26interpolation%3D0%26extrapolation%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZurich+Metropolitan+Area" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greaterzuricharea.ch">Greater Zurich Area AG</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flughafenregion.ch/">Zurich Airport Region (Flughafenregion Zürich)</a></li> <li>Ralph Etter, <i>Appenzell als Teil der "Greater Zurich Area" – Chancen, Risiken und Handlungsansätze</i> (2003) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.today/20130115162100/http://www.ai.ch/de/onlinedienste/publikationen/?action=download&id=20">[1]</a></li> <li><i>Zürcher Wirtschaftsförderung unter der Lupe</i>, <a href="/wiki/Neue_Z%C3%BCrcher_Zeitung" title="Neue Zürcher Zeitung">Neue Zürcher Zeitung</a> 26 October 2006.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.nzz.ch/dossiers/wirtschaft/arbeit/2006/10/26/zh/articleELIL4.print.html">[2]</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2019">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li>Patrick Dümmler, Alain Thierstein, <i>The European metropolitan region of Zurich : a cluster of economic clusters?</i>, ETH Zurich, Institute for National, Regional and Local Planning, Chair of Spatial Development, 2002 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/cgi-bin/show.pl?type=inkonf&nr=125">[3]</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐5pr2z Cached time: 20241122144012 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.519 seconds Real time usage: 0.713 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4616/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 37731/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 12786/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 29/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 11154/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.320/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 19410106/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 637.426 1 -total 54.56% 347.770 1 Template:Infobox_settlement 33.95% 216.389 1 Template:Infobox 22.34% 142.384 11 Template:Main_other 15.55% 99.115 1 Template:Lang 14.14% 90.145 1 Template:Reflist 12.29% 78.334 1 Template:Cite_web 8.01% 51.032 1 Template:Dead_link 7.67% 48.883 1 Template:Commons_category 7.30% 46.528 1 Template:Fix --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:10709120-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122144012 and revision id 1231883329. 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