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href="/wiki/Portaal:Navigatie"><span>Vind een artikel</span></a></li><li id="n-today" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/25_november"><span>Vandaag</span></a></li><li id="n-Etalage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etalage"><span>Etalage</span></a></li><li id="n-categories" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles"><span>Categorieën</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingen" title="Een lijst met recente wijzigingen in deze wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recente wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:NieuwePaginas"><span>Nieuwe artikelen</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Willekeurig" title="Een willekeurige pagina bekijken [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Willekeurige pagina</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation2" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation2" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Informatie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Gebruikersportaal" title="Informatie over het project: wat u kunt doen, waar u dingen kunt vinden"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-Snelcursus" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Snelcursus"><span>Snelcursus</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Hulp_en_beheer" title="Hulpinformatie over deze wiki"><span>Hulp en contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hoofdpagina" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; 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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Stilleven" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Stilleven" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Stilleven" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geschiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geschiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geschiedenis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Geschiedenis-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymologie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymologie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Etymologie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymologie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Typen_stillevens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Typen_stillevens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Typen stillevens</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Typen_stillevens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symboliek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symboliek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Symboliek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symboliek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gouden_Eeuw" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gouden_Eeuw"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gouden Eeuw</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gouden_Eeuw-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heropleving" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heropleving"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Heropleving</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heropleving-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_link" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_link"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Externe link</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_link-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Stilleven</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 69 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stillewe" title="Stillewe – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Stillewe" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stillleben" title="Stillleben – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Stillleben" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A9" title="طبيعة صامتة – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طبيعة صامتة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%87" title="طبيعه ثابته – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="طبيعه ثابته" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat%C3%BCrmort" title="Natürmort – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Natürmort" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Натюрморт – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Натюрморт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Нацюрморт – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нацюрморт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Натюрморт – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Натюрморт" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divuhez" title="Divuhez – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Divuhez" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrtva_priroda" title="Mrtva priroda – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mrtva priroda" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natura_morta" title="Natura morta – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Natura morta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1ti%C5%A1%C3%AD" title="Zátiší – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zátiší" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Натюрморт – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Натюрморт" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stilleben" title="Stilleben – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Stilleben" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stillleben" title="Stillleben – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Stillleben" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AE_%CF%86%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Νεκρή φύση – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νεκρή φύση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Still_life" title="Still life – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Still life" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C4%B5pentra%C4%B5o" title="Aĵpentraĵo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aĵpentraĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodeg%C3%B3n" title="Bodegón – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bodegón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat%C3%BC%C3%BCrmort" title="Natüürmort – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Natüürmort" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izadi_hil" title="Izadi hil – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Izadi hil" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%AA_%D8%A8%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86" title="طبیعت بی‌جان – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طبیعت بی‌جان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asetelma_(maalaustaide)" title="Asetelma (maalaustaide) – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Asetelma (maalaustaide)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_morte" title="Nature morte – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nature morte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stillibben" title="Stillibben – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Stillibben" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81bhar_neamhbheo" title="Ábhar neamhbheo – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ábhar neamhbheo" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natureza_morta" title="Natureza morta – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Natureza morta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A2_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%9D" title="טבע דומם – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טבע דומם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrtva_priroda" title="Mrtva priroda – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mrtva priroda" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csend%C3%A9let" title="Csendélet – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csendélet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BF" title="Նատյուրմորտ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նատյուրմորտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alam_benda" title="Alam benda – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alam benda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senviva_pikturo" title="Senviva pikturo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Senviva pikturo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natura_morta" title="Natura morta – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Natura morta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E7%89%A9%E7%94%BB" title="静物画 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="静物画" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ნატურმორტი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნატურმორტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Натюрморт – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Натюрморт" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EB%AC%BC%ED%99%94" title="정물화 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="정물화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Натюрморт – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Натюрморт" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natura_mortua" title="Natura mortua – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Natura mortua" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natiurmortas" title="Natiurmortas – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Natiurmortas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klus%C4%81_daba" title="Klusā daba – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Klusā daba" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Мртва природа – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мртва природа" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Натюрморт – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Натюрморт" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natura_mejta" title="Natura mejta – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Natura mejta" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stilleben" title="Stilleben – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Stilleben" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stilleben" title="Stilleben – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Stilleben" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moyo_wamoyo" title="Moyo wamoyo – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Moyo wamoyo" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natura_m%C3%B2rta" title="Natura mòrta – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Natura mòrta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martwa_natura" title="Martwa natura – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Martwa natura" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natureza-morta" title="Natureza-morta – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Natureza-morta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natur%C4%83_static%C4%83" title="Natură statică – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Natură statică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Натюрморт – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Натюрморт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrtva_priroda" title="Mrtva priroda – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mrtva priroda" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Still_life" title="Still life – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Still life" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1ti%C5%A1ie_(maliarstvo)" title="Zátišie (maliarstvo) – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zátišie (maliarstvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiho%C5%BEitje" title="Tihožitje – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tihožitje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Мртва природа – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мртва природа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stilleben" title="Stilleben – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stilleben" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D2%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Табиати беҷон – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Табиати беҷон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87" title="ภาพนิ่ง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาพนิ่ง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat%C3%BCrmort" title="Natürmort – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Natürmort" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Натюрморт – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Натюрморт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natyurmort" title="Natyurmort – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Natyurmort" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%A9nh_v%E1%BA%ADt" title="Tĩnh vật – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tĩnh vật" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E7%89%A9%E7%94%BB" title="静物画 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="静物画" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E7%89%A9%E7%94%BB" title="静物画 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="静物画" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C4%93ng-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Chēng-bu̍t – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chēng-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/38px-Disambig-dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/50px-Disambig-dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="340" /></span></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Stilleven_(doorverwijspagina)" class="mw-disambig" title="Stilleven (doorverwijspagina)">Stilleven (doorverwijspagina)</a> voor andere betekenissen van Stilleven.</i> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Canestra_di_frutta_(Caravaggio).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Canestra_di_frutta_%28Caravaggio%29.jpg/260px-Canestra_di_frutta_%28Caravaggio%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Canestra_di_frutta_%28Caravaggio%29.jpg/390px-Canestra_di_frutta_%28Caravaggio%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Canestra_di_frutta_%28Caravaggio%29.jpg/520px-Canestra_di_frutta_%28Caravaggio%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2532" data-file-height="2003" /></a><figcaption><i>Fruitmand,</i> c. 1595-1601, <a href="/wiki/Caravaggio_(schilder)" title="Caravaggio (schilder)">Caravaggio's</a> enige stilleven, tevens een van de eerste schilderijen die een stilleven als belangrijkste onderwerp tonen. Pinacoteca Ambrosiana, Milaan.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Coorte,_Adriaen_-_Still_Life_with_Shells_-_1697.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Coorte%2C_Adriaen_-_Still_Life_with_Shells_-_1697.jpg/260px-Coorte%2C_Adriaen_-_Still_Life_with_Shells_-_1697.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Coorte%2C_Adriaen_-_Still_Life_with_Shells_-_1697.jpg/390px-Coorte%2C_Adriaen_-_Still_Life_with_Shells_-_1697.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Coorte%2C_Adriaen_-_Still_Life_with_Shells_-_1697.jpg 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="382" /></a><figcaption>Schelpen door <a href="/wiki/Adriaen_Coorte" title="Adriaen Coorte">Adriaen Coorte</a> (1697)</figcaption></figure> <p>Een <b>stilleven</b> is een artistieke compositie (schilderij, tekening, foto) van roerloze of levenloze objecten, die met zorg zijn belicht. Met het schilderen van een stilleven kan een <a href="/wiki/Kunstschilder" title="Kunstschilder">schilder</a> zich concentreren op de <a href="/wiki/Compositie_(beeldende_kunst)" title="Compositie (beeldende kunst)">compositie</a> en op het gebruik van <a href="/wiki/Kleur" title="Kleur">kleur</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toonwaarde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toonwaarde (de pagina bestaat niet)">toonwaarde</a>, het vloeiende onderscheid in kleurnuances tussen de lichtste en donkerste partij. </p><p>Een stilleven is een studiewerk of proefstuk voor de virtuositeit van de schilder.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Karel_van_Mander_(I)" title="Karel van Mander (I)">Karel van Mander</a> schreef dat het stilleven oefenstof voor de jeugd was en dat een goede schilder het laat rusten ten gunste van betere onderwerpen.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het stilleven is van alle tijden. De Romeinen schilderden al stillevens op muren, die in <a href="/wiki/Pompe%C3%AF" title="Pompeï">Pompeï</a> bijvoorbeeld nog bewaard zijn gebleven. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Constantijn_Huygens" title="Constantijn Huygens">Constantijn Huygens</a> was omstreeks 1630 de eerste die het woord "inanimatis" gebruikte bij het beschrijven van het werk van <a href="/wiki/Jacob_de_Gheyn_(II)" title="Jacob de Gheyn (II)">Jacques de Gheyn</a> en <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Torrentius" title="Johannes Torrentius">Johannes Torrentius</a>. Volgens hem was er niemand "<i>die dingen van glas, tin, aardewerk en ijzer"'</i> beter schilderde dan Torrentius. Pas omstreeks 1650 kwam het woord "stilleven" voor het eerst voor bij het beschrijven van een <a href="/wiki/Boedelinventaris" title="Boedelinventaris">boedelinventaris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Emblematic_still_life_with_flagon,_glass,_jug_and_bridle_by_Torrentius.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblematic_still_life_with_flagon%2C_glass%2C_jug_and_bridle_by_Torrentius.jpg/260px-Emblematic_still_life_with_flagon%2C_glass%2C_jug_and_bridle_by_Torrentius.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblematic_still_life_with_flagon%2C_glass%2C_jug_and_bridle_by_Torrentius.jpg/390px-Emblematic_still_life_with_flagon%2C_glass%2C_jug_and_bridle_by_Torrentius.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblematic_still_life_with_flagon%2C_glass%2C_jug_and_bridle_by_Torrentius.jpg/520px-Emblematic_still_life_with_flagon%2C_glass%2C_jug_and_bridle_by_Torrentius.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1599" /></a><figcaption>Emblematisch stilleven met de tekst "wat buiten maat bestaat, int onmaats kwaad vergaat". Het zijn aansporingen tot matigheid. <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Torrentius" title="Johannes Torrentius">Johannes Torrentius</a>, 1614</figcaption></figure> <p>De stillevens uit de Vlaams-Nederlandse <a href="/wiki/Schilderkunst" title="Schilderkunst">schilderkunst</a> uit de 17e eeuw zijn vooral beroemd om de <a href="/wiki/Stofuitdrukking" title="Stofuitdrukking">stofuitdrukking</a>, de weergave van het oppervlak van een voorwerp. In één stilleven laat de schilder zijn vaardigheid zien om tegelijkertijd bijvoorbeeld het karakter van een <a href="/wiki/Satijn" title="Satijn">satijnen</a> kleed, een droog <a href="/wiki/Brood" title="Brood">brood</a>, een mat <a href="/wiki/Ei_(voeding)" title="Ei (voeding)">ei</a>, bedauwde <a href="/wiki/Druif_(vrucht)" class="mw-redirect" title="Druif (vrucht)">druiven</a>, een hard glanzend <a href="/wiki/Glas" title="Glas">glas</a> en een <a href="/wiki/Parelmoer" title="Parelmoer">parelmoeren</a> <a href="/wiki/Schelp" title="Schelp">schelp</a> weer te geven. Vaak gebruikten schilders hun geliefde objecten telkens opnieuw. </p><p>Qua stilleven is vooral het <a href="/wiki/Bloemstilleven" title="Bloemstilleven">bloemstuk</a> (<i>blompotje</i> en dergelijke) populair. Dan volgen <i>fruitage</i>, het <i>banketje</i> en <i><a href="/wiki/Keukenstuk" title="Keukenstuk">keukenstuk</a></i> en in mindere mate het <i>ontbijtje</i>. Ook benamingen als <i>tafeltje</i>, <i>maaltijd</i> en <i>braderie</i> komen soms voor. </p><p>Markt- en keukentaferelen zijn geschilderd door <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Aertsen" title="Pieter Aertsen">Pieter Aertsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Beuckelaer" title="Joachim Beuckelaer">Joachim Beuckelaer</a> en <a href="/wiki/Frans_Snyders" title="Frans Snyders">Frans Snyders</a>. Jacht- en wildstillevens door <a href="/wiki/Jan_Fijt" title="Jan Fijt">Jan Fijt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Weenix" title="Jan Weenix">Jan Weenix</a> en <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Valkenburg" title="Dirk Valkenburg">Dirk Valkenburg</a>. </p><p>Of er nu bloemen, fruit, wild, vis, vogels of kostbaar zilver, glas, <a href="/wiki/Porselein" title="Porselein">porselein</a> of gewoon aardewerk werd afgebeeld, het uitbundig vertoon van overvloed bleef steeds een essentieel aspect van het Nederlandse stilleven.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Samuel_van_Hoogstraten_(schilder)" title="Samuel van Hoogstraten (schilder)">Samuel van Hoogstraten</a> schreef uitgebreid over het stilleven. <a href="/wiki/Gerard_de_Lairesse" title="Gerard de Lairesse">Gerard de Lairesse</a> verwijt de stillevenschilders te weinig diepgang en hun werk vermeende intellectuele armoede, maar erkende de populariteit van het genre. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymologie">Etymologie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Etymologie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Etymologie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De term stilleven is voor het eerst aangetroffen in een tekst van de schilder <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Houbraken" title="Arnold Houbraken">Arnold Houbraken</a> in zijn boek <i>De Groote Schouburgh der Nederlantsche Konstschilders en Schilderessen</i> (1718-1721).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De betekenis van dat <a href="/wiki/Neologisme" title="Neologisme">neologisme</a> zou kunnen duiden op een groep onbeweeglijke voorwerpen voor een schilderij <i>naar het leven</i>. Een andere verklaring is dat het gaat om de uitbeelding van levende wezens in een staat van rust of stilte, dus niet om levenloze voorwerpen. Een eerdere variant van de tem uit 1656 is <i>een stil leggent leven van Rembrant</i>. Uit het jaar 1667 stamt het citaat: <i><a href="/wiki/Evert_van_Aelst" title="Evert van Aelst">Evert van Aelst</a> is [...] een seer uytnemend Schilder in allerhande soort van stil-staende leven, insonderheyt Fruyt</i>. </p><p>Het woord <i>stilleven</i> is in het Duits en Engels overgenomen.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anderen denken dat het woord in het Duits is geïntroduceerd door Goethe, vanuit het Engels.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Via het Duits is de term aan de <a href="/wiki/Scandinavische_talen" class="mw-redirect" title="Scandinavische talen">Scandinavische talen</a> doorgegeven. </p><p>De <a href="/wiki/Romaanse_talen" title="Romaanse talen">Romaanse talen</a> gebruiken een andere term. Zij duiden het stilleven aan met <i>dode natuur</i>, zoals het Franse <i>nature morte. </i>In veel <a href="/wiki/Slavische_talen" title="Slavische talen">Slavische talen</a> is het Franse woord overgenomen.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Typen_stillevens">Typen stillevens</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Typen stillevens" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Typen stillevens"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Karel_Slabbaert_-_A_toebackje_still_life.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Karel_Slabbaert_-_A_toebackje_still_life.jpg/260px-Karel_Slabbaert_-_A_toebackje_still_life.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="356" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Karel_Slabbaert_-_A_toebackje_still_life.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="351" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Toebackje, monochroom stilleven door <a href="/wiki/Karel_Slabbaert" title="Karel Slabbaert">Karel Slabbaert</a>, 1641</figcaption></figure> <p>Er bestaan verschillende soorten stillevens, die in typen worden onderscheiden: </p> <ul><li>"fruitstuk".</li> <li>"bloemstuk".</li> <li>"ontbijtgens". Een stilleven met brood, messen, vis, de dingen die tijdens een maaltijd aan het eind van de ochtend werden gegeten.</li> <li>"banketgens". Een stilleven waarin een rijkgevulde pastei is opgenomen.</li> <li>"toebackjes". Een stilleven met tabak, pijp en soortgelijke artikelen.</li> <li>"zeebanket". Een stilleven dat vooral in Den Haag populariteit genoot.</li> <li>"jachtstuk".</li></ul> <p>Ook kan met een stilleven de rijkdom van de opdrachtgever van het schilderstuk worden gesymboliseerd, het zogenaamde <a href="/wiki/Pronkstilleven" title="Pronkstilleven">pronkstilleven</a>. </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symboliek">Symboliek</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Symboliek" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Symboliek"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stillevens kunnen gebruikt worden als <a href="/wiki/Symbool" title="Symbool">symbool</a>, bijvoorbeeld een <i><a href="/wiki/Memento_mori" title="Memento mori">memento mori</a></i> (door een combinatie van een <a href="/wiki/Bijbel_(christendom)" title="Bijbel (christendom)">bijbel</a> en een menselijke <a href="/wiki/Schedel" title="Schedel">schedel</a> weer te geven). De <i>Sinnepoppen</i> uit 1614 van <a href="/wiki/Roemer_Visscher" title="Roemer Visscher">Roemer Visscher</a> worden veelvuldig aangehaald bij de interpretatie van stillevens.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stillevens lenen zich voor meervoudige interpretatie, omdat aan stillevens gewoonlijk geen verhaal ten grondslag ligt. Men doet er goed aan, in een stilleven niet slechts één betekenis te zoeken.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Stilleven </th> <th>Soort stilleven </th> <th>Voorwerpen </th> <th>Symboliek </th></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Heem,_Jan_Davidsz._de_-_A_Richly_Laid_Table_with_Parrots_-_c._1650.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Heem%2C_Jan_Davidsz._de_-_A_Richly_Laid_Table_with_Parrots_-_c._1650.jpg/200px-Heem%2C_Jan_Davidsz._de_-_A_Richly_Laid_Table_with_Parrots_-_c._1650.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Heem%2C_Jan_Davidsz._de_-_A_Richly_Laid_Table_with_Parrots_-_c._1650.jpg/300px-Heem%2C_Jan_Davidsz._de_-_A_Richly_Laid_Table_with_Parrots_-_c._1650.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Heem%2C_Jan_Davidsz._de_-_A_Richly_Laid_Table_with_Parrots_-_c._1650.jpg/400px-Heem%2C_Jan_Davidsz._de_-_A_Richly_Laid_Table_with_Parrots_-_c._1650.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2539" data-file-height="1721" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><a href="/wiki/Jan_Davidsz._de_Heem" title="Jan Davidsz. de Heem">Jan Davidsz. de Heem</a></small> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Pronkstilleven" title="Pronkstilleven">Pronkstilleven</a></b> </td> <td>Kostbaarheden en bijzondere vruchten </td> <td>Rijkdom, weelde </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Anthonius_Leemans_-_Stilleven_met_een_exemplaar_van_De_Waere_Mercurius.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Anthonius_Leemans_-_Stilleven_met_een_exemplaar_van_De_Waere_Mercurius.jpg/200px-Anthonius_Leemans_-_Stilleven_met_een_exemplaar_van_De_Waere_Mercurius.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Anthonius_Leemans_-_Stilleven_met_een_exemplaar_van_De_Waere_Mercurius.jpg/300px-Anthonius_Leemans_-_Stilleven_met_een_exemplaar_van_De_Waere_Mercurius.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Anthonius_Leemans_-_Stilleven_met_een_exemplaar_van_De_Waere_Mercurius.jpg/400px-Anthonius_Leemans_-_Stilleven_met_een_exemplaar_van_De_Waere_Mercurius.jpg 2x" data-file-width="871" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><i>Stilleven met een exemplaar van De Waere Mercurius, 1655, <a href="/wiki/Anthonie_Leemans" title="Anthonie Leemans">Anthonie Leemans</a></i></small> </p> </td> <td><b>Overwinningsstilleven</b> </td> <td>Haring, brood, bier, een nieuwsblad over <a href="/wiki/Maarten_Harpertszoon_Tromp" title="Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp">Tromps</a> overmeestering van drie Engelse schepen op 28 juni 1639, en een gedicht over de schoenmaker die het werk van <a href="/wiki/Apelles_(schilder)" title="Apelles (schilder)">Apelles</a> misprijst<i></i> </td> <td>De nationale economie, zuinigheid en vlijt </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Circle_of_Jacob_van_Es_Still_Life_with_Meat_Pies,_a_Roast_Fowl,_Olives,_Capers_and_Strawberries.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Circle_of_Jacob_van_Es_Still_Life_with_Meat_Pies%2C_a_Roast_Fowl%2C_Olives%2C_Capers_and_Strawberries.jpg/200px-Circle_of_Jacob_van_Es_Still_Life_with_Meat_Pies%2C_a_Roast_Fowl%2C_Olives%2C_Capers_and_Strawberries.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Circle_of_Jacob_van_Es_Still_Life_with_Meat_Pies%2C_a_Roast_Fowl%2C_Olives%2C_Capers_and_Strawberries.jpg/300px-Circle_of_Jacob_van_Es_Still_Life_with_Meat_Pies%2C_a_Roast_Fowl%2C_Olives%2C_Capers_and_Strawberries.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Circle_of_Jacob_van_Es_Still_Life_with_Meat_Pies%2C_a_Roast_Fowl%2C_Olives%2C_Capers_and_Strawberries.jpg/400px-Circle_of_Jacob_van_Es_Still_Life_with_Meat_Pies%2C_a_Roast_Fowl%2C_Olives%2C_Capers_and_Strawberries.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1204" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><i>Stilleven met vleespasteitjes</i>, omgeving van <a href="/wiki/Jacob_van_Es" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob van Es">Jacob van Es</a></small> </p> </td> <td><b>Banketje</b> </td> <td>Voorwerpen en voedingsmiddelen horende bij een maaltijd </td> <td>Mogelijk een aanmoediging tot matigheid, of een verwijzing naar het laatste avondmaal. Kan ook rijkdom weergeven. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Pieter_Claesz_002b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Pieter_Claesz_002b.jpg/200px-Pieter_Claesz_002b.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Pieter_Claesz_002b.jpg/300px-Pieter_Claesz_002b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Pieter_Claesz_002b.jpg/400px-Pieter_Claesz_002b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1102" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><i><a href="/wiki/Vanitas" title="Vanitas">Vanitas</a></i>, 1630, <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Claesz." title="Pieter Claesz.">Pieter Claesz.</a></small> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Vanitas" title="Vanitas">Vanitas</a></b> </td> <td>Schedels, gedoofde kaarsen, verwelkte bloemen, vergane boeken, omgevallen glazen </td> <td>IJdelheid en zinloosheid van aards bezit, of het <i><a href="/wiki/Memento_mori" title="Memento mori">memento mori</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Cornelis_Norbertus_Gysbrechts_005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Cornelis_Norbertus_Gysbrechts_005.jpg/200px-Cornelis_Norbertus_Gysbrechts_005.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Cornelis_Norbertus_Gysbrechts_005.jpg/300px-Cornelis_Norbertus_Gysbrechts_005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Cornelis_Norbertus_Gysbrechts_005.jpg/400px-Cornelis_Norbertus_Gysbrechts_005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1095" data-file-height="1370" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><i>Trompe l'œil</i>, <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Norbertus_Gysbrechts" title="Cornelis Norbertus Gysbrechts">Cornelis Norbertus Gysbrechts</a></small> </p> </td> <td><b>Schijnbedrieger of <i><a href="/wiki/Trompe-l%27oeil" title="Trompe-l'oeil">Trompe-l'oeil</a></i></b> </td> <td>Verzameling voorwerpen uit het dagelijks leven die zeer echt lijken te zijn, bijvoorbeeld een rek met brieven, pennen, scharen en dergelijke. </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Hans_Bollongier_-_Stilleven_met_bloemen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Hans_Bollongier_-_Stilleven_met_bloemen.jpg/200px-Hans_Bollongier_-_Stilleven_met_bloemen.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Hans_Bollongier_-_Stilleven_met_bloemen.jpg/300px-Hans_Bollongier_-_Stilleven_met_bloemen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Hans_Bollongier_-_Stilleven_met_bloemen.jpg/400px-Hans_Bollongier_-_Stilleven_met_bloemen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1252" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><i>Stilleven met bloemen</i>, 1639, <a href="/wiki/Hans_Bollongier" title="Hans Bollongier">Hans Bollongier</a></small> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Bloemstilleven" title="Bloemstilleven">Bloemstilleven</a></b> </td> <td>Allerhande verschillende bloemen, al dan niet bijzonder, soms omgeven door insecten zoals vlinders en torren. </td> <td>Mogelijk vergankelijkheid, maar ook bewondering voor de schepping </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Alexander_Coosemans_-_Fruit_Piece.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Alexander_Coosemans_-_Fruit_Piece.jpg/200px-Alexander_Coosemans_-_Fruit_Piece.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Alexander_Coosemans_-_Fruit_Piece.jpg/300px-Alexander_Coosemans_-_Fruit_Piece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Alexander_Coosemans_-_Fruit_Piece.jpg/400px-Alexander_Coosemans_-_Fruit_Piece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="562" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><i>Fruitstuk</i>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Coosemans" title="Alexander Coosemans">Alexander Coosemans</a></small> </p> </td> <td><b>Fruitstilleven</b> </td> <td>Allerhande vruchten </td> <td>Overvloed en vruchtbaarheid </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:David_Teniers_d._J._006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/David_Teniers_d._J._006.jpg/200px-David_Teniers_d._J._006.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/David_Teniers_d._J._006.jpg/300px-David_Teniers_d._J._006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/David_Teniers_d._J._006.jpg/400px-David_Teniers_d._J._006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="1503" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><a href="/wiki/David_Teniers_II" title="David Teniers II">David Teniers de Jonge</a></small> </p> </td> <td><b>Wetenschapsstilleven</b> </td> <td>Boeken, passers, wereldbol, zandlopers </td> <td>Geleerdheid, de overwinning van de wetenschap </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Jan_Weenix_-_Een_aap_en_een_hond_bij_dood_wild.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Jan_Weenix_-_Een_aap_en_een_hond_bij_dood_wild.jpg/200px-Jan_Weenix_-_Een_aap_en_een_hond_bij_dood_wild.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Jan_Weenix_-_Een_aap_en_een_hond_bij_dood_wild.jpg/300px-Jan_Weenix_-_Een_aap_en_een_hond_bij_dood_wild.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Jan_Weenix_-_Een_aap_en_een_hond_bij_dood_wild.jpg/400px-Jan_Weenix_-_Een_aap_en_een_hond_bij_dood_wild.jpg 2x" data-file-width="894" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><i>Een aap en een hond bij dood wild</i>, 1714, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Weenix" title="Jan Weenix">Jan Weenix</a></small> </p> </td> <td><b>Jachtstuk</b> </td> <td>Dode fazanten, duiven, herten en ander wild </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Bartolomeo_Bettera_-_Still_Life_with_Musical_Instruments.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bartolomeo_Bettera_-_Still_Life_with_Musical_Instruments.jpg/200px-Bartolomeo_Bettera_-_Still_Life_with_Musical_Instruments.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bartolomeo_Bettera_-_Still_Life_with_Musical_Instruments.jpg/300px-Bartolomeo_Bettera_-_Still_Life_with_Musical_Instruments.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bartolomeo_Bettera_-_Still_Life_with_Musical_Instruments.jpg/400px-Bartolomeo_Bettera_-_Still_Life_with_Musical_Instruments.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1979" data-file-height="1483" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><i>Stilleven</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bartolomeo_Bettera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bartolomeo Bettera (de pagina bestaat niet)">Bartolomeo Bettera</a></small> </p> </td> <td><b>Muziekinstrumenten</b> </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:A_Meat_Stall_with_the_Holy_Family_Giving_Alms_-_Pieter_Aertsen_-_Google_Cultural_Institute.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/A_Meat_Stall_with_the_Holy_Family_Giving_Alms_-_Pieter_Aertsen_-_Google_Cultural_Institute.jpg/200px-A_Meat_Stall_with_the_Holy_Family_Giving_Alms_-_Pieter_Aertsen_-_Google_Cultural_Institute.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/A_Meat_Stall_with_the_Holy_Family_Giving_Alms_-_Pieter_Aertsen_-_Google_Cultural_Institute.jpg/300px-A_Meat_Stall_with_the_Holy_Family_Giving_Alms_-_Pieter_Aertsen_-_Google_Cultural_Institute.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/A_Meat_Stall_with_the_Holy_Family_Giving_Alms_-_Pieter_Aertsen_-_Google_Cultural_Institute.jpg/400px-A_Meat_Stall_with_the_Holy_Family_Giving_Alms_-_Pieter_Aertsen_-_Google_Cultural_Institute.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6480" data-file-height="4512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><i>Stilleven</i>, 1551, <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Aertsen" title="Pieter Aertsen">Pieter Aertsen</a></small> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Keukenstuk" title="Keukenstuk">Markt- en keukenstukken</a></b> </td> <td>Vlees, vis, groente en fruit </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Daniel_Seghers_Garland_with_Virgin_1645_paid_with_gold_maulstick_1646.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Daniel_Seghers_Garland_with_Virgin_1645_paid_with_gold_maulstick_1646.JPG/200px-Daniel_Seghers_Garland_with_Virgin_1645_paid_with_gold_maulstick_1646.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Daniel_Seghers_Garland_with_Virgin_1645_paid_with_gold_maulstick_1646.JPG/300px-Daniel_Seghers_Garland_with_Virgin_1645_paid_with_gold_maulstick_1646.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Daniel_Seghers_Garland_with_Virgin_1645_paid_with_gold_maulstick_1646.JPG/400px-Daniel_Seghers_Garland_with_Virgin_1645_paid_with_gold_maulstick_1646.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1165" data-file-height="1445" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><i>Stilleven</i>, met Madonna, <a href="/wiki/Dani%C3%ABl_Seghers" title="Daniël Seghers">Daniël Seghers</a> (1645)</small> </p> </td> <td><b>Religieus</b> </td> <td> </td> <td>Verwijzing naar <a href="/wiki/Bijbel_(christendom)" title="Bijbel (christendom)">Bijbelse verhalen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Jan_van_de_Velde_II_-_Stilleven_met_roemer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jan_van_de_Velde_II_-_Stilleven_met_roemer.jpg/200px-Jan_van_de_Velde_II_-_Stilleven_met_roemer.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jan_van_de_Velde_II_-_Stilleven_met_roemer.jpg/300px-Jan_van_de_Velde_II_-_Stilleven_met_roemer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jan_van_de_Velde_II_-_Stilleven_met_roemer.jpg/400px-Jan_van_de_Velde_II_-_Stilleven_met_roemer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1222" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><small><i>Stilleven met roemer, fluit, aarden kruik en pijpen</i>, 1651, <a href="/wiki/Jan_van_de_Velde_(III)" title="Jan van de Velde (III)">Jan Jansz. van de Velde</a></small> </p> </td> <td><b>Toebackje</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gouwenaar_(pijp)" title="Gouwenaar (pijp)">goudse pijp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roemer_(wijnglas)" title="Roemer (wijnglas)">roemer</a> wijn, olijven, oesters, en citroen </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gouden_Eeuw">Gouden Eeuw</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Gouden Eeuw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Gouden Eeuw"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Juriaen_van_Streek_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Juriaen_van_Streek_002.jpg/260px-Juriaen_van_Streek_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Juriaen_van_Streek_002.jpg/390px-Juriaen_van_Streek_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Juriaen_van_Streek_002.jpg/520px-Juriaen_van_Streek_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1801" data-file-height="2032" /></a><figcaption>Stilleven door <a href="/wiki/Juriaan_van_Streek" title="Juriaan van Streek">Juriaan van Streek</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In de <a href="/wiki/Gouden_Eeuw_(Nederland)" title="Gouden Eeuw (Nederland)">Gouden Eeuw</a> beleefde de productie van stillevens in Nederland en Vlaanderen een hoogtepunt. Grote meesters zijn <a href="/wiki/Jan_Jansz._den_Uyl" title="Jan Jansz. den Uyl">Jan Jansz. den Uyl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Willem_Kalf" title="Willem Kalf">Willem Kalf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Claesz." title="Pieter Claesz.">Pieter Claesz.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abraham_van_Beijeren" title="Abraham van Beijeren">Abraham van Beijeren</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Willem_Claesz._Heda_Heda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willem Claesz. Heda Heda (de pagina bestaat niet)">Willem Claesz. Heda Heda</a>. Anderen zijn <a href="/wiki/Clara_Peeters" title="Clara Peeters">Clara Peeters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melchior_d%27Hondecoeter" title="Melchior d'Hondecoeter">Melchior d'Hondecoeter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pieter_de_Ring" title="Pieter de Ring">Pieter de Ring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Boel" title="Pieter Boel">Pieter Boel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacob_van_Hulsdonck" title="Jacob van Hulsdonck">Jacob van Hulsdonck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maerten_Boelema_de_Stomme" title="Maerten Boelema de Stomme">Maerten Boelema de Stomme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harmen_Steenwijck" title="Harmen Steenwijck">Harmen Steenwijck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Steenwijck" title="Pieter Steenwijck">Pieter Steenwijck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karel_Slabbaert" title="Karel Slabbaert">Karel Slabbaert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adriaen_van_Utrecht" title="Adriaen van Utrecht">Adriaen van Utrecht</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elias_Vonck" title="Elias Vonck">Elias Vonck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Vinckenbrinck" title="Albert Vinckenbrinck">Albert Vinckenbrinck</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_de_Ville&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques de Ville (de pagina bestaat niet)">Jacques de Ville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Treck" title="Jan Treck">Jan Treck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roelant_Savery" title="Roelant Savery">Roelant Savery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adriaen_Coorte" title="Adriaen Coorte">Adriaen Coorte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Gerritsz._Pot" title="Hendrik Gerritsz. Pot">Hendrik Gerritsz. Pot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carstian_Luyckx" title="Carstian Luyckx">Carstian Luyckx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joos_de_Momper" title="Joos de Momper">Joos de Momper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Kick" title="Cornelis Kick">Cornelis Kick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Bris%C3%A9" title="Cornelis Brisé">Cornelis Brisé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pieter_van_den_Bosch_(schilder)" title="Pieter van den Bosch (schilder)">Pieter van den Bosch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Borman" title="Johannes Borman">Johannes Borman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osias_Beert_de_Oudere" title="Osias Beert de Oudere">Osias Beert de Oudere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Floris_van_Dyck" title="Floris van Dyck">Floris van Dyck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Brueghel" title="Abraham Brueghel">Abraham Brueghel</a> en <a href="/wiki/Nicolaes_Gillis" title="Nicolaes Gillis">Nicolaes Gillis</a>. </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heropleving">Heropleving</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Heropleving" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Heropleving"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In hedendaags Nederland werd <a href="/wiki/Henk_Helmantel" title="Henk Helmantel">Henk Helmantel</a> bekend als stillevenschilder en een van de <a href="/wiki/Noordelijke_realisten" class="mw-redirect" title="Noordelijke realisten">Noordelijke realisten</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodeg%C3%B3n" title="Bodegón">Bodegón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compositie_(beeldende_kunst)" title="Compositie (beeldende kunst)">Compositie (beeldende kunst)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_link">Externe link</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe link" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stilleven&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe link"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Nederlands">(<span>nl</span>) </span> <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Bart Verschaffel</span> in De Witte Raaf: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dewitteraaf.be/DWRartikels/WR67Stilleven.htm">De beeldruimte van het stilleven (van Cotàn tot Coorte)</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chong, A. (1999) Wat onder de naam van stilleven begrepen is, p. 30. In: Het Nederlandse stilleven 1550-1720. Alan Chong & Wouter Kloek </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chong, A. (1999) Wat onder de naam van stilleven begrepen is, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chong, A. (1999) Wat onder de naam van stilleven begrepen is, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chong, A. (1999) Wat onder de naam van stilleven begrepen is, p. 24. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF1988"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/wiki/Nicoline_van_der_Sijs" title="Nicoline van der Sijs">Nicoline van der Sijs</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/stilleven">Geleend en uitgeleend</a>. Etymologiebank (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160630021122/http://www.etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/stilleven">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-06-30">30 juni 2016</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2015-04-12">12 april 2015</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFde_Vries1972"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">de Vries, J.</span> (1972). <cite><i>Nederlands Etymologisch Woordenboek</i></cite>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2015-04-12">12 april 2015</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chong, A. (1999) Wat onder de naam van stilleven begrepen is, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chong, A. (1999) Wat onder de naam van stilleven begrepen is, p. 32.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stilleven#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Stilleven">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Still-life_paintings#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Still-life paintings">Still-life paintings</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <div class="interProject wiktionary mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/stilleven" class="extiw" title="wikt:stilleven">WikiWoordenboek</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Wiktionary-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/25px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/38px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/50px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></div> <div>Zoek <i><b><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/stilleven" class="extiw" title="wikt:stilleven">stilleven</a></b></i> op in het <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">WikiWoordenboek</a>.</div> </div> <div class="interProject wikibooks mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://nl.wikibooks.org/wiki/Schilderen/Stilleven" class="extiw" title="b:Schilderen/Stilleven">Wikibooks</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Wikibooks-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/25px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/38px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/50px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks">Wikibooks</a> heeft meer over dit onderwerp: <i><b><a href="https://nl.wikibooks.org/wiki/Schilderen/Stilleven" class="extiw" title="b:Schilderen/Stilleven">Schilderen/Stilleven</a></b></i>.</div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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