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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Athena_III" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athena_III"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Athena III</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Athena_III-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1990s_proposal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s_proposal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>1990s proposal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s_proposal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-PlanetSpace_proposal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PlanetSpace_proposal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>PlanetSpace proposal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PlanetSpace_proposal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Launches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Launches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Launches</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Launches-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Launches subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Launches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_launches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_launches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>List of launches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_launches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Launch_failures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Launch_failures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Launch failures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Launch_failures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gemstar_1_(VitaSat_1)_launch_failure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gemstar_1_(VitaSat_1)_launch_failure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Gemstar 1 (VitaSat 1) launch failure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gemstar_1_(VitaSat_1)_launch_failure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IKONOS-1_launch_failure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IKONOS-1_launch_failure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>IKONOS-1 launch failure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IKONOS-1_launch_failure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Атина (ракета) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Атина (ракета)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athena_(raketa)" title="Athena (raketa) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Athena (raketa)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athena_(Rakete)" title="Athena (Rakete) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Athena (Rakete)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athena_(cohete)" title="Athena (cohete) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Athena (cohete)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athena_(fus%C3%A9e)" title="Athena (fusée) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Athena (fusée)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athena" title="Athena – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Athena" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0)" title="एथेना (रॉकेट परिवार) – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एथेना (रॉकेट परिवार)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athena_(lanciatore)" title="Athena (lanciatore) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Athena (lanciatore)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%94_(%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%92%D7%A8)" title="אתנה (משגר) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אתנה (משגר)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%86%E3%83%8A_(%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B1%E3%83%83%E3%83%88)" title="アテナ (ロケット) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アテナ (ロケット)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atena_(rakieta)" title="Atena (rakieta) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Atena (rakieta)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athena_(fam%C3%ADlia_de_foguetes)" title="Athena (família de foguetes) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Athena (família de foguetes)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C)" title="Афина (ракета-носитель) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Афина (ракета-носитель)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athena_(raketa)" title="Athena (raketa) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Athena (raketa)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9)" title="Афіна (ракета-носій) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" 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system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Athena_(spacecraft)" title="Athena (spacecraft)">Athena (spacecraft)</a> or <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Telescope_for_High_Energy_Astrophysics" title="Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics">Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title">Athena</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Athena_2_-_Lunar_Prospector.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Athena_2_-_Lunar_Prospector.jpg/220px-Athena_2_-_Lunar_Prospector.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Athena_2_-_Lunar_Prospector.jpg/330px-Athena_2_-_Lunar_Prospector.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Athena_2_-_Lunar_Prospector.jpg/440px-Athena_2_-_Lunar_Prospector.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Athena II with Lunar Prospector</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Function</th><td class="infobox-data">Small, modular component launch vehicle</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data brand"><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Alliant_Techsystems" title="Alliant Techsystems">Alliant Techsystems</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;">Size</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">19.8 - 30.48 m (65 - 100 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">2.36 m (92 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">66,344 - 120,202 kg (146,264 - 265,000 <a href="/wiki/Pound_(mass)" title="Pound (mass)">lb</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stages</th><td class="infobox-data">2 or 3</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;">Capacity <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddf;">Payload to <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">LEO</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">794–1,896 kg (1,750–4,180 lb)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;">Launch history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Retired<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch sites</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CCAFS" class="mw-redirect" title="CCAFS">Cape Canaveral</a> <a href="/wiki/LC-46" class="mw-redirect" title="LC-46">LC-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg AFB">Vandenberg AFB</a> <a href="/wiki/SLC-6" class="mw-redirect" title="SLC-6">SLC-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodiak_Launch_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Kodiak Launch Complex">Kodiak Launch Complex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total launches</th><td class="infobox-data">7<br />For breakdown by variant, see text.<br />Launch data.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Success(es)</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Failure(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">August 15, 1995</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Last flight</th><td class="infobox-data">September 30, 2001</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type of passengers/cargo</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Prospector" title="Lunar Prospector">Lunar Prospector</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">First stage – <a href="/wiki/Castor_(rocket_stage)#Castor_120" title="Castor (rocket stage)">Castor 120</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Powered by</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Maximum thrust</th><td class="infobox-data">1,900 kN (430,000 lb<sub>f</sub>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Specific_impulse" title="Specific impulse">Specific impulse</a></th><td class="infobox-data">280 s (2.7 km/s)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burn time</th><td class="infobox-data">83.4 seconds</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Propellant</th><td class="infobox-data">Class 1.3 <a href="/wiki/HTPB" class="mw-redirect" title="HTPB">HTPB</a>/<a href="/wiki/Ammonium_perchlorate" title="Ammonium perchlorate">AP</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">Second stage – ORBUS 21D</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Powered by</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Maximum thrust</th><td class="infobox-data">194 kN (44,000 lb<sub>f</sub>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Specific_impulse" title="Specific impulse">Specific impulse</a></th><td class="infobox-data">293 s (2.87 km/s)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burn time</th><td class="infobox-data">150 seconds</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Propellant</th><td class="infobox-data">Class 1.3 <a href="/wiki/HTPB" class="mw-redirect" title="HTPB">HTPB</a>/<a href="/wiki/Ammonium_perchlorate" title="Ammonium perchlorate">AP</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="metadata" style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22770" class="extiw" title="d:Q22770">edit on Wikidata</a>]</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Athena</b> was a 1990s Lockheed Martin <a href="/wiki/Expendable_launch_system" title="Expendable launch system">expendable launch system</a> which underwent several name changes in its lifetime. </p><p>Development began at the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation" title="Lockheed Corporation">Lockheed Corporation</a> in 1993, where the design was known as the <b>Lockheed Launch Vehicle</b>. The name was subsequently changed to the <b>Lockheed Martin Launch Vehicle</b> when Lockheed merged with <a href="/wiki/Martin_Marietta" title="Martin Marietta">Martin Marietta</a>. In 1997<sup id="cite_ref-santamaria-19970927_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-santamaria-19970927-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the name was finally changed to Athena, and all of the launches after the demonstration flight in August 1995 were conducted using that name. Athena was retired from service in 2001, but in September 2010 Athena was added to NASA's Launch Services II contract. It was announced that it would be put back into production, with launches set to resume in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-reactivation_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reactivation-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All production had ceased by March 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Athena_I" title="Athena I">Athena I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Athena_II" title="Athena II">Athena II</a></div> <p>The Athena comes in two versions, <a href="/wiki/Athena_I" title="Athena I">Athena I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Athena_II" title="Athena II">Athena II</a>. The Athena I has two stages, the <a href="/wiki/Thiokol" title="Thiokol">Thiokol</a> <a href="/wiki/Castor_(rocket_stage)" title="Castor (rocket stage)">Castor</a>-120 first stage and a <a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney" title="Pratt & Whitney">Pratt & Whitney</a> ORBUS 21D upper stage, both powered by <a href="/wiki/Solid-fuel_rocket" class="mw-redirect" title="Solid-fuel rocket">solid-fuel</a>. The Athena II has three stages, the Castor-120 first and second stages, and an ORBUS 21D upper stage. For future flights, the Athena Ic and Athena IIc configurations would use <a href="/wiki/Castor_30" class="mw-redirect" title="Castor 30">Castor 30</a> stages instead of the Orbus 21D stages on the original versions.<sup id="cite_ref-reactivation_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reactivation-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Athena rocket uses an Orbit Adjust Module (OAM) developed by Primex Technologies. Primex was acquired by <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics" title="General Dynamics">General Dynamics</a> in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the September 28, 2001 Athena launch, the OAM was built by General Dynamics Space Propulsion Systems of <a href="/wiki/Redmond,_WA" class="mw-redirect" title="Redmond, WA">Redmond, WA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The OAM houses the attitude control system and avionics subsystem (guidance and navigation, batteries, telemetry transmitters, command and destruct receivers and antennas). This 1 meter (3.3 feet) long module is fueled with monopropellant <a href="/wiki/Hydrazine" title="Hydrazine">hydrazine</a>. After payload separation, the OAM performs a contamination and collision avoidance maneuver, distancing itself from the payload and burning any remaining fuel to depletion. Athena solid rocket motor provider <a href="/wiki/Thiokol" title="Thiokol">Alliant Techsystems (ATK)</a> produces integrated upper stages using spin-stabilized or 3-axis stabilized <i>Star</i> solid motors that can provide higher velocities for GEO and escape (e.g. lunar and planetary) missions.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such an integrated upper stage based on a 2531 lb <i>Star 37FM</i> was employed for the launch of <i>Lunar Prospector</i>, the first lunar probe launched by a commercially developed launch vehicle. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Athena_III">Athena III</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Athena III"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1990s_proposal">1990s proposal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1990s proposal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An Athena III rocket was originally planned and designated the LLV-3 in the 1990s according to the original patent. It was never developed, because of the lack of customer interest. It was to add two, four or six Castor-4A strap-on boosters to the first stage of the stack, and would have been capable of launching 3.6 tons to low Earth orbit.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="PlanetSpace_proposal">PlanetSpace proposal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: PlanetSpace proposal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The designation was later reused for a proposed rocket for the <a href="/wiki/Commercial_Orbital_Transportation_Services" title="Commercial Orbital Transportation Services">Commercial Orbital Transportation Services</a> project. Sometime after 2005, <a href="/wiki/PlanetSpace" title="PlanetSpace">PlanetSpace</a> reused the <b>Athena III</b> designation for a 2.8-million-pound-thrust <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">shuttle</a>-derived space station resupply booster rocket, in a joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alliant_Techsystems" title="Alliant Techsystems">Alliant Techsystems</a> (ATK). In March 2012, Lockheed Martin selected Alaska's <a href="/wiki/Kodiak_Launch_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Kodiak Launch Complex">Kodiak Launch Complex</a> (KLC) as its dedicated West Coast launch facility for Athena rockets, clearing the way for Alaska Aerospace Corporation to begin expanding the facilities. At the time, Lockheed Martin declared that they would decide whether to proceed with Athena III "in the next few months" but no such announcement was made in the following years. </p><p>Athena III was to feature a 2 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>-segment <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Solid_Rocket_Booster" title="Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster">Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster</a> (SRB) derived reusable solid rocket booster (RSRB) first stage topped by one <a href="/wiki/Castor_(rocket_stage)" title="Castor (rocket stage)">Castor</a> 120, one Castor 30 and an OAMS orbit adjust module. Athena III would have been capable of placing a 4,600 kg (10,100 lb) satellite in polar orbit from Kodiak, or launch a 5,900 kg (13,000 lb) satellite from the East Coast into an orbit due east; however an East Coast launch site had not been selected. Kodiak was selected over heavily booked Vandenberg to avoid delays in high-priority rapid-response launches for the U.S. military.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Launches">Launches</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Launches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_launches">List of launches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: List of launches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Flight number </th> <th>Date (UTC) </th> <th>Vehicle type </th> <th>Launch Site </th> <th>Payload </th> <th>Result </th> <th>Remarks </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td>August 15, 1995<br />22:30 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Athena_I" title="Athena I">Athena I</a> (DLV) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg Air Force Base">VAFB</a> <a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_AFB_Space_Launch_Complex_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 6">SLC-6</a> </td> <td>Gemstar 1 (VitaSat 1) (113 kg) </td> <td style="background: #FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-failure">Failure </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Athena-1_Gemstar_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Athena-1_Gemstar_1.jpg/128px-Athena-1_Gemstar_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Athena-1_Gemstar_1.jpg/192px-Athena-1_Gemstar_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Athena-1_Gemstar_1.jpg/256px-Athena-1_Gemstar_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="312" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td>August 23, 1997<br />06:51 </td> <td>Athena I (LM-002) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg Air Force Base">VAFB</a> <a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_AFB_Space_Launch_Complex_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 6">SLC-6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lewis_(satellite)" title="Lewis (satellite)">Lewis</a> (404 kg) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-success">Success </td> <td>Payload failed after 3 days in orbit </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td>January 7, 1998<br />02:28 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Athena_II" title="Athena II">Athena II</a> (LM-004) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Canaveral Air Force Station">CCAFS</a> <a href="/wiki/Spaceport_Florida_Launch_Complex_46" class="mw-redirect" title="Spaceport Florida Launch Complex 46">SLC-46</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Prospector" title="Lunar Prospector">Lunar Prospector</a> (295 kg) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-success">Success </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Athena_2_with_Lunar_Prospector.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Athena_2_with_Lunar_Prospector.jpg/66px-Athena_2_with_Lunar_Prospector.jpg" decoding="async" width="66" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Athena_2_with_Lunar_Prospector.jpg/100px-Athena_2_with_Lunar_Prospector.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Athena_2_with_Lunar_Prospector.jpg/133px-Athena_2_with_Lunar_Prospector.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td>January 27, 1999<br />00:34 </td> <td>Athena I (LM-006) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Canaveral Air Force Station">CCAFS</a> <a href="/wiki/Spaceport_Florida_Launch_Complex_46" class="mw-redirect" title="Spaceport Florida Launch Complex 46">SLC-46</a> </td> <td>Chunghua 1 (ROCSAT 1, <a href="/wiki/Formosat-1" title="Formosat-1">Formosat-1</a>), (410 kg) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-success">Success </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td>April 27, 1999<br />18:22 </td> <td>Athena II (LM-005) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg Air Force Base">VAFB</a> <a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_AFB_Space_Launch_Complex_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 6">SLC-6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ikonos" title="Ikonos">Ikonos</a>-1 (726 kg) </td> <td style="background: #FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-failure">Failure </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td>September 24, 1999<br />18:21 </td> <td>Athena II (LM-007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg Air Force Base">VAFB</a> <a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_AFB_Space_Launch_Complex_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 6">SLC-6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ikonos" title="Ikonos">Ikonos</a>-2 (726 kg) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-success">Success </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td>September 30, 2001<br />02:40 </td> <td>Athena I (LM-001) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kodiak_Launch_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Kodiak Launch Complex">KLC</a> LC-1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Starshine_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Starshine (satellite)">Starshine</a> 3 (90 kg), <a href="/wiki/PicoSAT" title="PicoSAT">PicoSAT</a> (68 kg), <a href="/wiki/Small_Satellite_Program_(United_States_Naval_Academy)" title="Small Satellite Program (United States Naval Academy)">PCSat</a> (10 kg), <a href="/wiki/SAPPHIRE" title="SAPPHIRE">SAPPHIRE</a> (18 kg) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-success">Success </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Athena_1_rocket_launching_from_Kodiak_Island.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Athena_1_rocket_launching_from_Kodiak_Island.jpg/67px-Athena_1_rocket_launching_from_Kodiak_Island.jpg" decoding="async" width="67" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Athena_1_rocket_launching_from_Kodiak_Island.jpg/101px-Athena_1_rocket_launching_from_Kodiak_Island.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Athena_1_rocket_launching_from_Kodiak_Island.jpg/135px-Athena_1_rocket_launching_from_Kodiak_Island.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2022" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><a href="/wiki/Kodiak_Launch_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Kodiak Launch Complex">Kodiak Launch Complex</a>'s first orbital launch.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Launch_failures">Launch failures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Launch failures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gemstar_1_(VitaSat_1)_launch_failure"><span id="Gemstar_1_.28VitaSat_1.29_launch_failure"></span>Gemstar 1 (VitaSat 1) launch failure</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gemstar 1 (VitaSat 1) launch failure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On August 15, 1995, an Athena-1 rocket (vehicle DLV), failed during launch. Expended hydraulic fluid burned in first stage aft section, damaging nozzle feedback cables causing loss of gimbal control and tumbling. Separately, arcing in the IMU high-voltage power supply caused loss of attitude reference. Flight terminated by <a href="/wiki/Range_safety" title="Range safety">range safety</a> officer at T+160 s.<sup id="cite_ref-Fourth_Edition_p._50_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fourth_Edition_p._50-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="IKONOS-1_launch_failure">IKONOS-1 launch failure</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: IKONOS-1 launch failure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On April 27, 1999, an Athena-2 rocket (vehicle LM-005), failed during launch. The payload fairing failed to separate, and the extra weight prevented the vehicle from reaching orbit. During the fairing separation event, the shock of the circumferential ordnance firing disconnected the cable carrying the signal to fire the longitudinal ordnance.<sup id="cite_ref-Fourth_Edition_p._50_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fourth_Edition_p._50-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100329150041/http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/athena.htm">"Athena-1"</a>. 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LM. September 28, 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lockheedmartin.com/news/press_releases/2001/LockheedMartinAthenaILaunchVehicleS.html">the original</a> on 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lockheed+Martin+Athena+I+Launch+Vehicle+Successfully+Completes+First+Launch+From+Alaska%27s+Kodiak+Launch+Complex&rft.pub=LM&rft.date=2001-09-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lockheedmartin.com%2Fnews%2Fpress_releases%2F2001%2FLockheedMartinAthenaILaunchVehicleS.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAthena+%28rocket+family%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>ATK Space Propulsion Products Catalog, May 2008</i>, p. 93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDay" class="citation web cs1">Day, Dwayne. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thespacereview.com/article/2234/1">"Athena rising?"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Athena+rising%3F&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=Dwayne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thespacereview.com%2Farticle%2F2234%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAthena+%28rocket+family%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lockheed Martin Connecting with Kodiak, Satnews Daily, March 05, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/payload/missions/kodiakstar/">NASA: <i>Kodiak Star</i> 2001</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324103736/http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/payload/missions/kodiakstar/">Archived</a> 2012-03-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fourth_Edition_p._50-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fourth_Edition_p._50_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fourth_Edition_p._50_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsakowitzHopkinsHopkins2004" class="citation book cs1">Isakowitz, Steven J.; Hopkins, Joseph P.; Hopkins, Joshua B. (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781563475917"><i>International reference guide to space launch systems</i></a></span> (4th ed.). Reston, VA: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781563475917/page/50">50</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56347-591-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56347-591-7"><bdi>978-1-56347-591-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL8644116M">8644116M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+reference+guide+to+space+launch+systems&rft.place=Reston%2C+VA&rft.pages=50&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=American+Institute+of+Aeronautics+and+Astronautics&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL8644116M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=978-1-56347-591-7&rft.aulast=Isakowitz&rft.aufirst=Steven+J.&rft.au=Hopkins%2C+Joseph+P.&rft.au=Hopkins%2C+Joshua+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9781563475917&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAthena+%28rocket+family%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Rocket_families" title="Template:Rocket families"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rocket_families" title="Template talk:Rocket families"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rocket_families" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rocket families"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rocket_families" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Rocket families</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Carrier rockets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_(rocket_family)" title="Long March (rocket family)">Long March</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_1_(rocket_family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Long March 1 (rocket family)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_2_(rocket_family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Long March 2 (rocket family)">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3_(rocket_family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Long March 3 (rocket family)">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_4_(rocket_family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Long March 4 (rocket family)">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_5_(rocket_family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Long March 5 (rocket family)">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_6" title="Long March 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_7" title="Long March 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_8" title="Long March 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_11" title="Long March 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_12" title="Long March 12">12</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou" title="Kuaizhou">Kuaizhou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe / ESA</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_(rocket_family)" title="Ariane (rocket family)">Ariane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamant_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Diamant (rocket)">Diamant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(rocket)" title="Europa (rocket)">Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_(rocket)" title="Vega (rocket)">Vega</a></li> <li>Miura <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miura_1" title="Miura 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miura_5" title="Miura 5">5</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">India</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PSLV" class="mw-redirect" title="PSLV">PSLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSLV" class="mw-redirect" title="GSLV">GSLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LVM3" title="LVM3">LVM3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Japan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_(rocket)" title="Epsilon (rocket)">Epsilon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-II" title="H-II">H-II</a> / <a href="/wiki/H-IIA" title="H-IIA">H-IIA</a> / <a href="/wiki/H-IIB" title="H-IIB">H-IIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_(rocket_family)" title="Mu (rocket family)">Mu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soviet Union / Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angara_(rocket_family)" title="Angara (rocket family)">Angara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_(rocket_family)" title="Kosmos (rocket family)">Kosmos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N1_(rocket)" title="N1 (rocket)">N1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton_(rocket_family)" title="Proton (rocket family)">Proton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-7_(rocket_family)" title="R-7 (rocket family)">R-7</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Molniya-M" title="Molniya-M">Molniya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_(rocket_family)" title="Soyuz (rocket family)">Soyuz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok_(rocket_family)" title="Vostok (rocket family)">Vostok</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Rocket" title="Universal Rocket">Universal Rocket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soviet Union / Ukraine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon" title="Tsyklon">Tsyklon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit_(rocket_family)" title="Zenit (rocket family)">Zenit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">Antares</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(rocket_family)" title="Atlas (rocket family)">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_(rocket_family)" title="Delta (rocket family)">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Lab_Electron" title="Rocket Lab Electron">Electron</a></li> <li>Falcon <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_1" title="Falcon 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Heavy" title="Falcon Heavy">Heavy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGM-19_Jupiter" title="PGM-19 Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_(rocket_family)" title="Minotaur (rocket family)">Minotaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pegasus (rocket)">Pegasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_(rocket_family)" title="Saturn (rocket family)">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_(rocket_family)" title="Scout (rocket family)">Scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_(rocket_family)" title="Titan (rocket family)">Titan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_(rocket_family)" title="Thor (rocket family)">Thor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other nations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Safir_(rocket)" title="Safir (rocket)">Safir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shavit (rocket)">Shavit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unha" title="Unha">Unha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sounding_rocket" title="Sounding rocket">Sounding rockets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Brant_(rocket)" title="Black Brant (rocket)">Black Brant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_(rocket_family)" title="Lambda (rocket family)">Lambda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohini_(rocket_family)" title="Rohini (rocket family)">Rohini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehbar_(rocket_family)" title="Rehbar (rocket family)">Rehbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylark_(rocket)" title="Skylark (rocket)">Skylark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Missiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aggregat_(rocket_family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aggregat (rocket family)">Aggregat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni_(missile)" title="Agni (missile)">Agni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-30_Minuteman" title="LGM-30 Minuteman">Minuteman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-118_Peacekeeper" title="LGM-118 Peacekeeper">Peacekeeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redstone_(rocket_family)" title="Redstone (rocket family)">Redstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-7_(rocket_family)" title="R-7 (rocket family)">R-7</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R-7_Semyorka" title="R-7 Semyorka">Semyorka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-36_(missile)" title="R-36 (missile)">R-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-82_(rocket_family)" title="RS-82 (rocket family)">RS-82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Rocket" title="Universal Rocket">Universal Rocket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Some families include both missiles and carrier rockets; they are listed in both groups.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Orbital_launch_systems" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbital_launch_systems" title="Template:Orbital launch systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orbital_launch_systems" title="Template talk:Orbital launch systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital_launch_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital launch systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Orbital_launch_systems" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">Orbital launch systems</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_orbital_launch_systems" title="List of orbital launch systems">List of orbital launch systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_orbital_launch_systems" title="Comparison of orbital launch systems">Comparison of orbital launch systems</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angara_(rocket_family)" title="Angara (rocket family)">Angara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angara-1.2" title="Angara-1.2">1.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angara_A5" title="Angara A5">A5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_6" title="Ariane 6">Ariane 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_V" title="Atlas V">Atlas V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceres-1" title="Ceres-1">Ceres</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceres-1_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceres-1 (rocket)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceres-1_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceres-1 (rocket)">1S</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chollima-1" title="Chollima-1">Chollima-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Lab_Electron" title="Rocket Lab Electron">Electron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_Block_5" title="Falcon 9 Block 5">Falcon 9 Block 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Heavy" title="Falcon Heavy">Falcon Heavy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_Alpha" title="Firefly Alpha">Firefly Alpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity-1" title="Gravity-1">Gravity-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geosynchronous_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle">GSLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-IIA" title="H-IIA">H-IIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H3_(rocket)" title="H3 (rocket)">H3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperbola-1" title="Hyperbola-1">Hyperbola-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jielong_(rocket_family)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jielong (rocket family) (page does not exist)">Jielong</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jielong_1" title="Jielong 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jielong_3" title="Jielong 3">3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KAIROS_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="KAIROS (rocket)">KAIROS</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaituozhe_(rocket_family)" title="Kaituozhe (rocket family)">Kaituozhe 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinetica_1" title="Kinetica 1">Kinetica 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou" title="Kuaizhou">Kuaizhou</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuaizhou 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou_1A" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuaizhou 1A">1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou_11" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuaizhou 11">11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_(rocket_family)" title="Long March (rocket family)">Long March</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_2C" title="Long March 2C">2C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_2D" title="Long March 2D">2D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_2F" title="Long March 2F">2F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3A" title="Long March 3A">3A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3B" title="Long March 3B">3B/E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3C" title="Long March 3C">3C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_4B" title="Long March 4B">4B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_4C" title="Long March 4C">4C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_5" title="Long March 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_5B" class="mw-redirect" title="Long March 5B">5B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_6" title="Long March 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_6A" title="Long March 6A">6A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_7" title="Long March 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_7A" class="mw-redirect" title="Long March 7A">7A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_8" title="Long March 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_11" title="Long March 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_11" title="Long March 11">11H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_12" title="Long March 12">12</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LVM3" title="LVM3">LVM3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_(rocket_family)" title="Minotaur (rocket family)">Minotaur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_I" title="Minotaur I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_IV" title="Minotaur IV">IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_V" title="Minotaur V">V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur-C" title="Minotaur-C">C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuri_(rocket)" title="Nuri (rocket)">Nuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS-M1" class="mw-redirect" title="OS-M1">OS-M1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pegasus (rocket)">Pegasus XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle">PSLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaem_100" title="Qaem 100">Qaem 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qased_(rocket)" title="Qased (rocket)">Qased</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_2" title="Shavit 2">Shavit 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simorgh_(rocket)" title="Simorgh (rocket)">Simorgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System" title="Space Launch System">SLS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System#Block_variants" title="Space Launch System">Block 1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2" title="Soyuz-2">Soyuz-2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2.1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2.1a">2.1a / STA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2.1b" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2.1b">2.1b / STB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2-1v" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2-1v">2-1v</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Small Satellite Launch Vehicle">SSLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Starship" title="SpaceX Starship">Starship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianlong-2" title="Tianlong-2">Tianlong-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unha" title="Unha">Unha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_(rocket)" title="Vega (rocket)">Vega</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vega_C" title="Vega C">C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_Centaur" title="Vulcan Centaur">Vulcan Centaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LandSpace" title="LandSpace">Zhuque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhuque-2" title="Zhuque-2">2</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">Antares 330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloostar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloostar">Bloostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclone-4M" title="Cyclone-4M">Cyclone-4M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Technologies#DECA_orbital_rocket" title="Interstellar Technologies">Deca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_(rocket)#Epsilon_S" title="Epsilon (rocket)">Epsilon S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilmour_Space_Technologies#Eris_orbital_rocket" title="Gilmour Space Technologies">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orienspace" title="Orienspace">Gravity-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperbola-2" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperbola-2">Hyperbola-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irtysh_(rocket)" title="Irtysh (rocket)">Irtysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou" title="Kuaizhou">Kuaizhou</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou_21" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuaizhou 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou_31" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuaizhou 31">31</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_(rocket_family)" title="Long March (rocket family)">Long March</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_9" title="Long March 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_10" title="Long March 10">10</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miura_5" title="Miura 5">Miura 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_Aerospace#MLV" title="Firefly Aerospace">MLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Lab_Neutron" title="Rocket Lab Neutron">Neutron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Glenn" title="New Glenn">New Glenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Line_1" class="mw-redirect" title="New Line 1">New Line 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_Generation_Launch_Vehicle" title="Next Generation Launch Vehicle">NGLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoke_Space_Nova" title="Stoke Space Nova">Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OneSpace#OS-M_series" title="OneSpace">OS-M</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OneSpace#OS-M_series" title="OneSpace">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OneSpace#OS-M_series" title="OneSpace">4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbex#Prime" title="Orbex">Orbex Prime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas-1" title="Pallas-1">Pallas-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BluShift_Aerospace#Red_Dwarf" title="BluShift Aerospace">Red Dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System" title="Space Launch System">SLS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System#Block_variants" title="Space Launch System">Block 1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System#Block_variants" title="Space Launch System">Block 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-7_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-7 (rocket)">Soyuz-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terran_R" title="Terran R">Terran R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianlong-3" title="Tianlong-3">Tianlong-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VLM_(rocket)" title="VLM (rocket)">VLM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_E" class="mw-redirect" title="Vega E">Vega E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Technologies#ZERO_orbital_rocket" title="Interstellar Technologies">Zero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LandSpace" title="LandSpace">Zhuque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LandSpace#Zhuque-3" title="LandSpace">3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuljanah_(rocket)" title="Zuljanah (rocket)">Zuljanah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">Antares</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">130</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">230</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">230+</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_(rocket_family)" title="Ariane (rocket family)">Ariane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_1" title="Ariane 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_2" title="Ariane 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_3" title="Ariane 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augmented_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle">ASLV</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Athena</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athena_I" title="Athena I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena_II" title="Athena II">II</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(rocket_family)" title="Atlas (rocket family)">Atlas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SM-65B_Atlas" title="SM-65B Atlas">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-65D_Atlas" title="SM-65D Atlas">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_E/F" title="Atlas E/F">E/F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_G" title="Atlas G">G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_H" title="Atlas H">H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_I" title="Atlas I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_II" title="Atlas II">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_III" title="Atlas III">III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_LV-3B" title="Atlas LV-3B">LV-3B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_SLV-3" title="Atlas SLV-3">SLV-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas-Able" title="Atlas-Able">Able</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas-Agena" title="Atlas-Agena">Agena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas-Centaur" title="Atlas-Centaur">Centaur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Arrow" title="Black Arrow">Black Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conestoga_(rocket)" title="Conestoga (rocket)">Conestoga</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_(rocket_family)" title="Delta (rocket family)">Delta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta_A" title="Delta A">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_B" title="Delta B">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_C" title="Delta C">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_D" title="Delta D">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_E" title="Delta E">E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_G" title="Delta G">G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_J" title="Delta J">J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_L" title="Delta L">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_M" title="Delta M">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_N" title="Delta N">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_0100" title="Delta 0100">0100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_1000" title="Delta 1000">1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_2000" title="Delta 2000">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_3000" title="Delta 3000">3000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_4000" title="Delta 4000">4000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_5000" title="Delta 5000">5000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_II" title="Delta II">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_III" title="Delta III">III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_IV" title="Delta IV">IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_IV_Heavy" title="Delta IV Heavy">IV Heavy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamant_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Diamant (rocket)">Diamant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnepr_(rocket)" title="Dnepr (rocket)">Dnepr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energia_(rocket)" title="Energia (rocket)">Energia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_(rocket)" title="Epsilon (rocket)">Epsilon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(rocket)" title="Europa (rocket)">Europa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(rocket)" title="Europa (rocket)">I</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(rocket)" title="Europa (rocket)">II</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_1" title="Falcon 1">Falcon 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.0" title="Falcon 9 v1.0">v1.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.1" title="Falcon 9 v1.1">v1.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_Full_Thrust" title="Falcon 9 Full Thrust">v1.2 "Full Thrust"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feng_Bao_1" title="Feng Bao 1">Feng Bao 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geosynchronous_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle">GSLV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GSLV_Mk_I" class="mw-redirect" title="GSLV Mk I">Mk I</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-I" title="H-I">H-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-II" title="H-II">H-II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-IIB" title="H-IIB">H-IIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juno_I" title="Juno I">Juno I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juno_II" title="Juno II">Juno II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaituozhe-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaituozhe-1">Kaituozhe-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_(rocket_family)" title="Kosmos (rocket family)">Kosmos</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_(rocket_family)" title="Kosmos (rocket family)">original</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-1" title="Kosmos-1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-2I" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosmos-2I">2/2I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-3" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosmos-3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-3M" title="Kosmos-3M">3M</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_(rocket_family)" title="Lambda (rocket family)">Lambda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_4S" title="Lambda 4S">4S</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LauncherOne" title="LauncherOne">LauncherOne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_(rocket_family)" title="Long March (rocket family)">Long March</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_1" title="Long March 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_1D" title="Long March 1D">1D</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_2A" title="Long March 2A">2A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_2E" title="Long March 2E">2E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3" title="Long March 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3B" title="Long March 3B">3B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_4A" title="Long March 4A">4A</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_(rocket_family)" title="Mu (rocket family)">Mu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M-4S" class="mw-redirect" title="M-4S">4S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-3C" class="mw-redirect" title="M-3C">3C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-3H" class="mw-redirect" title="M-3H">3H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-3S" class="mw-redirect" title="M-3S">3S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-3SII" class="mw-redirect" title="M-3SII">3SII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-V" title="M-V">V</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N1_(rocket)" title="N1 (rocket)">N1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-I_(rocket)" title="N-I (rocket)">N-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-II_(rocket)" title="N-II (rocket)">N-II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naro-1" title="Naro-1">Naro-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paektusan_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paektusan (rocket)">Paektusan</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOTS-EV-1_Pilot" title="NOTS-EV-1 Pilot">Pilot-2</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-7_(rocket_family)" title="R-7 (rocket family)">R-7</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_(rocket)" title="Luna (rocket)">Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molniya_(rocket)" title="Molniya (rocket)">Molniya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Molniya-M" title="Molniya-M">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molniya-L" class="mw-redirect" title="Molniya-L">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyot_(rocket)" title="Polyot (rocket)">Polyot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_(rocket_family)" title="Soyuz (rocket family)">Soyuz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_(rocket)" title="Soyuz (rocket)">original</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-FG" title="Soyuz-FG">FG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-L" title="Soyuz-L">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-M" title="Soyuz-M">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-U" title="Soyuz-U">U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-U2" title="Soyuz-U2">U2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz/Vostok" title="Soyuz/Vostok">Soyuz/Vostok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sputnik_(rocket)" title="Sputnik (rocket)">Sputnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voskhod_(rocket)" title="Voskhod (rocket)">Voskhod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok_(rocket_family)" title="Vostok (rocket family)">Vostok</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-L" title="Vostok-L">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-K" title="Vostok-K">K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-2_(rocket)" title="Vostok-2 (rocket)">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-2M" title="Vostok-2M">2M</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-29_Vysota" title="R-29 Vysota">R-29</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shtil%27" title="Shtil'">Shtil'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volna" title="Volna">Volna</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astra_Rocket" title="Astra Rocket">Rocket 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS1_(rocket)" title="RS1 (rocket)">RS1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safir_(rocket)" title="Safir (rocket)">Safir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Safir_(rocket)" title="Safir (rocket)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safir_(rocket)" title="Safir (rocket)">1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safir_(rocket)" title="Safir (rocket)">1B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_(rocket_family)" title="Saturn (rocket family)">Saturn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_I" title="Saturn I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_IB" title="Saturn IB">IB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_V" title="Saturn V">V</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_(rocket_family)" title="Scout (rocket family)">Scout</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scout_X-1" title="Scout X-1">X-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RM-90_Blue_Scout_II" title="RM-90 Blue Scout II">Blue Scout II</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_X-2" title="Scout X-2">X-2</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_X-2M" title="Scout X-2M">X-2M</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scout_X-3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scout X-3 (page does not exist)">X-3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scout_X-3M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scout X-3M (page does not exist)">X-3M</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scout_X-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scout X-4 (page does not exist)">X-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_X-2B" title="Scout X-2B">X-2B</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout B">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout A">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_B-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout B-1">B-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_D-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout D-1">D-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_A-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout A-1">A-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scout_E-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scout E-1 (page does not exist)">E-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_F-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout F-1">F-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_G-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout G-1">G-1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_2" title="Shavit 2">Shavit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_2" title="Shavit 2">original</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_2" title="Shavit 2">1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Satellite Launch Vehicle">SLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARK_(rocket)" title="SPARK (rocket)">SPARK</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparta_(rocket)" title="Sparta (rocket)">Sparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS-520#SS-520-4" class="mw-redirect" title="SS-520">SS-520</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Start-1" title="Start-1">Start-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terran_1" title="Terran 1">Terran 1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_(rocket_family)" title="Thor (rocket family)">Thor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Able" title="Thor-Able">Able</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Ablestar" title="Thor-Ablestar">Ablestar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Ablestar" title="Thor-Ablestar">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Ablestar" title="Thor-Ablestar">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Agena" title="Thor-Agena">Agena</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Agena" title="Thor-Agena">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Agena" title="Thor-Agena">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Agena" title="Thor-Agena">D</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Burner" title="Thor-Burner">Burner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Burner" title="Thor-Burner">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Burner" title="Thor-Burner">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Delta" title="Thor-Delta">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_DSV-2U" title="Thor DSV-2U">DSV-2U</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorad-Agena" title="Thorad-Agena">Thorad-Agena</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thorad-Agena" title="Thorad-Agena">SLV-2G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorad-Agena" title="Thorad-Agena">SLV-2H</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_(rocket_family)" title="Titan (rocket family)">Titan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titan_II_GLV" title="Titan II GLV">II GLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIA" title="Titan IIIA">IIIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIB" title="Titan IIIB">IIIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIC" title="Titan IIIC">IIIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIID" title="Titan IIID">IIID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIE" title="Titan IIIE">IIIE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_34D" title="Titan 34D">34D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_23G" title="Titan 23G">23G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Titan_III" title="Commercial Titan III">CT-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IV" title="Titan IV">IV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon" title="Tsyklon">Tsyklon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R-36_(missile)" title="R-36 (missile)">R-36-O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon" title="Tsyklon">original</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon-2" title="Tsyklon-2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon-3" title="Tsyklon-3">3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Rocket" title="Universal Rocket">Universal Rocket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proton_(rocket_family)" title="Proton (rocket family)">UR-500 Proton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton-K" title="Proton-K">Proton-K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rokot" title="Rokot">Rokot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strela_(rocket)" title="Strela (rocket)">Strela</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_(rocket)" title="Vanguard (rocket)">Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_(rocket)" title="Vega (rocket)">Vega</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vega_(rocket)" title="Vega (rocket)">original</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VLS-1" title="VLS-1">VLS-1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit_(rocket_family)" title="Zenit (rocket family)">Zenit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-2" title="Zenit-2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-2M" title="Zenit-2M">2M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-2M" title="Zenit-2M">2FG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3SL" title="Zenit-3SL">3SL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3SLB" title="Zenit-3SLB">3SLB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3F" title="Zenit-3F">3F</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LandSpace" title="LandSpace">Zhuque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhuque-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhuque-1">1</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sounding_rocket" title="Sounding rocket">Sounding rocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Small-lift launch vehicle">Small-lift launch vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medium-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Medium-lift launch vehicle">Medium-lift launch vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Heavy-lift launch vehicle">Heavy-lift launch vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_heavy-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Super heavy-lift launch vehicle">Super heavy-lift launch vehicle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>This Template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future</li> <li>Symbol <sup>†</sup> indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Orbital_launch_systems_developed_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_launch_systems" title="Template:US launch systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_launch_systems" title="Template talk:US launch systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_launch_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US launch systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Orbital_launch_systems_developed_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Orbit" title="Orbit">Orbital</a> <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">launch systems</a> developed in the United States</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_V" title="Atlas V">Atlas V</a>**<sup>††</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Lab_Electron" title="Rocket Lab Electron">Electron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_Block_5" title="Falcon 9 Block 5">Falcon 9 Block 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Heavy" title="Falcon Heavy">Falcon Heavy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_Alpha" title="Firefly Alpha">Firefly Alpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_(rocket_family)" title="Minotaur (rocket family)">Minotaur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_I" title="Minotaur I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_IV" title="Minotaur IV">IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_V" title="Minotaur V">V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur-C" title="Minotaur-C">C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pegasus (rocket)">Pegasus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_XL" class="mw-redirect" title="Pegasus XL">XL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System" title="Space Launch System">SLS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System#Block_variants" title="Space Launch System">Block 1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_Centaur" title="Vulcan Centaur">Vulcan Centaur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">Antares 330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_Space_Corporation#Daytona_I" title="Phantom Space Corporation">Daytona I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_Aerospace#MLV" title="Firefly Aerospace">MLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Glenn" title="New Glenn">New Glenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutron_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Neutron (rocket)">Neutron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoke_Space_Nova" title="Stoke Space Nova">Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BluShift_Aerospace#Red_Dwarf" title="BluShift Aerospace">Red Dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System" title="Space Launch System">SLS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System#Block_variants" title="Space Launch System">Block 1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System#Block_variants" title="Space Launch System">Block 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Starship" title="SpaceX Starship">Starship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terran_R" title="Terran R">Terran R</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">Antares 110/120/130/230/230+</a>**<sup>†††</sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Athena</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athena_I" title="Athena I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena_II" title="Athena II">II</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(rocket_family)" title="Atlas (rocket family)">Atlas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SM-65B_Atlas" title="SM-65B Atlas">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-65D_Atlas" title="SM-65D Atlas">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_E/F" title="Atlas E/F">E/F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_G" title="Atlas G">G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_H" title="Atlas H">H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_I" title="Atlas I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_II" title="Atlas II">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_III" title="Atlas III">III</a>**</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_LV-3B" title="Atlas LV-3B">LV-3B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_SLV-3" title="Atlas SLV-3">SLV-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas-Able" title="Atlas-Able">Able</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas-Agena" title="Atlas-Agena">Agena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas-Centaur" title="Atlas-Centaur">Centaur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conestoga_(rocket)" title="Conestoga (rocket)">Conestoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_(rocket_family)" title="Delta (rocket family)">Delta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta_A" title="Delta A">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_B" title="Delta B">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_C" title="Delta C">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_D" title="Delta D">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_E" title="Delta E">E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_G" title="Delta G">G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_J" title="Delta J">J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_L" title="Delta L">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_M" title="Delta M">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_N" title="Delta N">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_0100" title="Delta 0100">0100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_1000" title="Delta 1000">1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_2000" title="Delta 2000">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_3000" title="Delta 3000">3000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_4000" title="Delta 4000">4000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_5000" title="Delta 5000">5000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_II" title="Delta II">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_III" title="Delta III">III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_IV" title="Delta IV">IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_IV_Heavy" title="Delta IV Heavy">IV Heavy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_1" title="Falcon 1">Falcon 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.0" title="Falcon 9 v1.0">v1.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.1" title="Falcon 9 v1.1">v1.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_Full_Thrust" title="Falcon 9 Full Thrust">v1.2 "Full Thrust"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-I" title="H-I">H-I</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juno_I" title="Juno I">Juno I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juno_II" title="Juno II">Juno II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LauncherOne" title="LauncherOne">LauncherOne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-I_rocket" class="mw-redirect" title="N-I rocket">N-I</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-II_rocket" class="mw-redirect" title="N-II rocket">N-II</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOTS-EV-1_Pilot" title="NOTS-EV-1 Pilot">Pilot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astra_Rocket" title="Astra Rocket">Rocket 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS1_(rocket)" title="RS1 (rocket)">RS1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_(rocket_family)" title="Saturn (rocket family)">Saturn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_I" title="Saturn I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_IB" title="Saturn IB">IB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_V" title="Saturn V">V</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_(rocket_family)" title="Scout (rocket family)">Scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARK_(rocket)" title="SPARK (rocket)">SPARK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparta_(rocket)" title="Sparta (rocket)">Sparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terran_1" title="Terran 1">Terran 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_(rocket_family)" title="Thor (rocket family)">Thor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Able" title="Thor-Able">Able</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Ablestar" title="Thor-Ablestar">Ablestar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Agena" title="Thor-Agena">Agena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Burner" title="Thor-Burner">Burner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Delta" title="Thor-Delta">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_DSV-2U" title="Thor DSV-2U">DSV-2U</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorad-Agena" title="Thorad-Agena">Thorad-Agena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_(rocket_family)" title="Titan (rocket family)">Titan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titan_II_GLV" title="Titan II GLV">II GLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIA" title="Titan IIIA">IIIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIB" title="Titan IIIB">IIIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIC" title="Titan IIIC">IIIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIID" title="Titan IIID">IIID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIE" title="Titan IIIE">IIIE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_34D" title="Titan 34D">34D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_23G" title="Titan 23G">23G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Titan_III" title="Commercial Titan III">CT-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IV" title="Titan IV">IV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_(rocket)" title="Vanguard (rocket)">Vanguard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>* - Japanese projects using US rockets or stages</li> <li>** - uses Russian engines</li> <li><sup>†</sup> - never succeeded</li> <li><sup>††</sup> - no new orders accepted</li> <li><sup>†††</sup> - used Ukrainian first stage</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&oldid=1243414831">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Athena_(rocket_family)&oldid=1243414831</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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