CINXE.COM
Advancements in Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Systems for mRNA Therapeutics – Nanotechnology
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Advancements in Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Systems for mRNA Therapeutics – Nanotechnology</title> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><link href='https://fonts.gstatic.com' crossorigin rel='preconnect' /> <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com' crossorigin rel='preconnect' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Nanotechnology » Feed" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/feed/" /> <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/nanotechnology.blog\/archive\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--contrast: var(--contrast);--wp--preset--color--contrast-2: var(--contrast-2);--wp--preset--color--contrast-3: var(--contrast-3);--wp--preset--color--base: var(--base);--wp--preset--color--base-2: var(--base-2);--wp--preset--color--base-3: var(--base-3);--wp--preset--color--accent: var(--accent);--wp--preset--color--accent-2: var(--accent-2);--wp--preset--color--accent-hover: var(--accent-hover);--wp--preset--color--highlight: var(--highlight);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='parent-style-css' href='https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/style.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-widget-areas-css' href='https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/css/components/widget-areas.min.css?ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-style-css' href='https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/css/main.min.css?ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <style id='generate-style-inline-css'> body{background-color:var(--base);color:var(--contrast);}a{color:#1b78e2;}a:hover, a:focus, a:active{color:var(--accent-hover);}.wp-block-group__inner-container{max-width:1200px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.site-header .header-image{width:200px;}:root{--contrast:#212121;--contrast-2:#2f4468;--contrast-3:#878787;--base:#fafafa;--base-2:#f7f8f9;--base-3:#ffffff;--accent:#242226;--accent-2:#1b78e2;--accent-hover:#35343a;--highlight:#83b0de;}:root .has-contrast-color{color:var(--contrast);}:root .has-contrast-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast);}:root .has-contrast-2-color{color:var(--contrast-2);}:root .has-contrast-2-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-2);}:root .has-contrast-3-color{color:var(--contrast-3);}:root .has-contrast-3-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-3);}:root .has-base-color{color:var(--base);}:root .has-base-background-color{background-color:var(--base);}:root .has-base-2-color{color:var(--base-2);}:root .has-base-2-background-color{background-color:var(--base-2);}:root .has-base-3-color{color:var(--base-3);}:root .has-base-3-background-color{background-color:var(--base-3);}:root .has-accent-color{color:var(--accent);}:root .has-accent-background-color{background-color:var(--accent);}:root .has-accent-2-color{color:var(--accent-2);}:root .has-accent-2-background-color{background-color:var(--accent-2);}:root .has-accent-hover-color{color:var(--accent-hover);}:root .has-accent-hover-background-color{background-color:var(--accent-hover);}:root .has-highlight-color{color:var(--highlight);}:root .has-highlight-background-color{background-color:var(--highlight);}.gp-modal:not(.gp-modal--open):not(.gp-modal--transition){display:none;}.gp-modal--transition:not(.gp-modal--open){pointer-events:none;}.gp-modal-overlay:not(.gp-modal-overlay--open):not(.gp-modal--transition){display:none;}.gp-modal__overlay{display:none;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;z-index:10000;backdrop-filter:blur(3px);transition:opacity 500ms ease;opacity:0;}.gp-modal--open:not(.gp-modal--transition) .gp-modal__overlay{opacity:1;}.gp-modal__container{max-width:100%;max-height:100vh;transform:scale(0.9);transition:transform 500ms ease;padding:0 10px;}.gp-modal--open:not(.gp-modal--transition) .gp-modal__container{transform:scale(1);}.search-modal-fields{display:flex;}.gp-search-modal .gp-modal__overlay{align-items:flex-start;padding-top:25vh;background:var(--gp-search-modal-overlay-bg-color);}.search-modal-form{width:500px;max-width:100%;background-color:var(--gp-search-modal-bg-color);color:var(--gp-search-modal-text-color);}.search-modal-form .search-field, .search-modal-form .search-field:focus{width:100%;height:60px;background-color:transparent;border:0;appearance:none;color:currentColor;}.search-modal-fields button, .search-modal-fields button:active, .search-modal-fields button:focus, .search-modal-fields button:hover{background-color:transparent;border:0;color:currentColor;width:60px;}body, button, input, select, textarea{font-family:Open Sans, sans-serif;font-size:17px;}.main-title{font-size:25px;}.widget-title{font-weight:600;}button:not(.menu-toggle),html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"],.button,.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link{font-size:15px;}h1{font-weight:600;font-size:40px;}h2{font-weight:600;font-size:30px;}h3{font-size:20px;}.top-bar{background-color:#636363;color:#ffffff;}.top-bar a{color:#ffffff;}.top-bar a:hover{color:#303030;}.site-header{background-color:#ffffff;color:#3a3a3a;}.site-header a{color:#3a3a3a;}.main-title a,.main-title a:hover{color:#ffffff;}.site-description{color:#757575;}.main-navigation,.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:var(--base);}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a, .main-navigation .menu-toggle, .main-navigation .menu-bar-items{color:var(--contrast);}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):hover > a, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):focus > a, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.sfHover:not([class*="current-menu-"]) > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover > a{color:var(--base-3);background-color:var(--contrast);}button.menu-toggle:hover,button.menu-toggle:focus{color:var(--contrast);}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a{color:var(--base-3);background-color:var(--accent-hover);}.navigation-search input[type="search"],.navigation-search input[type="search"]:active, .navigation-search input[type="search"]:focus, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.search-item.active > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-items .search-item.active > a{color:var(--base-3);background-color:var(--contrast);}.separate-containers .inside-article, .separate-containers .comments-area, .separate-containers .page-header, .one-container .container, .separate-containers .paging-navigation, .inside-page-header{background-color:var(--base-3);}.inside-article a,.paging-navigation a,.comments-area a,.page-header a{color:var(--accent-2);}.inside-article a:hover,.paging-navigation a:hover,.comments-area a:hover,.page-header a:hover{color:var(--accent-hover);}.entry-title a{color:var(--contrast);}.entry-title a:hover{color:var(--accent-hover);}.entry-meta{color:var(--contrast-3);}.entry-meta a{color:var(--contrast);}.entry-meta a:hover{color:var(--accent-hover);}h1{color:var(--contrast);}h2{color:var(--contrast);}h3{color:var(--contrast);}.sidebar .widget{background-color:#ffffff;}.sidebar .widget a{color:var(--contrast);padding:0px;}.sidebar .widget a:hover{color:var(--accent-hover);}.sidebar .widget .widget-title{color:#000000;}.footer-widgets{color:var(--base-3);background-color:var(--contrast-2);}.footer-widgets a{color:var(--base-3);}.footer-widgets a:hover{color:var(--base-3);}.footer-widgets .widget-title{color:var(--base-2);}.site-info{color:var(--contrast-2);}.site-info a{color:var(--contrast-2);}.site-info a:hover{color:var(--accent-hover);}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu .current-menu-item a{color:var(--accent-hover);}input[type="text"],input[type="email"],input[type="url"],input[type="password"],input[type="search"],input[type="tel"],input[type="number"],textarea,select{color:var(--contrast);background-color:#fafafa;border-color:var(--contrast);}input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,input[type="tel"]:focus,input[type="number"]:focus,textarea:focus,select:focus{color:var(--contrast-3);background-color:#ffffff;border-color:var(--contrast-3);}button,html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"],a.button,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background){color:#ffffff;background-color:var(--accent);}button:hover,html input[type="button"]:hover,input[type="reset"]:hover,input[type="submit"]:hover,a.button:hover,button:focus,html input[type="button"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="submit"]:focus,a.button:focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):active,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):hover{color:#ffffff;background-color:var(--accent-hover);}a.generate-back-to-top{background-color:rgba( 0,0,0,0.4 );color:#ffffff;}a.generate-back-to-top:hover,a.generate-back-to-top:focus{background-color:rgba( 0,0,0,0.6 );color:#ffffff;}:root{--gp-search-modal-bg-color:var(--base-3);--gp-search-modal-text-color:var(--contrast);--gp-search-modal-overlay-bg-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);}@media (max-width: 768px){.main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover > a{background:none;color:var(--contrast);}}.inside-top-bar{padding:10px;}.inside-header{padding:40px;}.nav-below-header .main-navigation .inside-navigation.grid-container, .nav-above-header .main-navigation .inside-navigation.grid-container{padding:0px 20px 0px 20px;}.separate-containers .inside-article, .separate-containers .comments-area, .separate-containers .page-header, .separate-containers .paging-navigation, .one-container .site-content, .inside-page-header{padding:50px;}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:50px;}.separate-containers .paging-navigation{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px;}.entry-content .alignwide, body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-50px;width:calc(100% + 100px);max-width:calc(100% + 100px);}.one-container.right-sidebar .site-main,.one-container.both-right .site-main{margin-right:50px;}.one-container.left-sidebar .site-main,.one-container.both-left .site-main{margin-left:50px;}.one-container.both-sidebars .site-main{margin:0px 50px 0px 50px;}.one-container.archive .post:not(:last-child):not(.is-loop-template-item), .one-container.blog .post:not(:last-child):not(.is-loop-template-item){padding-bottom:50px;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.menu-toggle,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item > a{line-height:51px!important;}.navigation-search input[type="search"]{height:65px;}.rtl .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-left:20px;}.rtl .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.menu-item-has-children > a{padding-right:20px;}.widget-area .widget{padding:50px;}.inside-site-info{padding:20px;}@media (max-width:768px){.separate-containers .inside-article, .separate-containers .comments-area, .separate-containers .page-header, .separate-containers .paging-navigation, .one-container .site-content, .inside-page-header{padding:30px;}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:30px;}.inside-site-info{padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;}.entry-content .alignwide, body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-30px;width:calc(100% + 60px);max-width:calc(100% + 60px);}.one-container .site-main .paging-navigation{margin-bottom:20px;}.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:var(--base)!important;}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav > ul{background-color:var(--base)!important;}}/* End cached CSS */.is-right-sidebar{width:30%;}.is-left-sidebar{width:25%;}.site-content .content-area{width:70%;}@media (max-width: 768px){.main-navigation .menu-toggle,.sidebar-nav-mobile:not(#sticky-placeholder){display:block;}.main-navigation ul,.gen-sidebar-nav,.main-navigation:not(.slideout-navigation):not(.toggled) .main-nav > ul,.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation .inside-navigation > *:not(.navigation-search):not(.main-nav){display:none;}.nav-align-right .inside-navigation,.nav-align-center .inside-navigation{justify-content:space-between;}} .dynamic-author-image-rounded{border-radius:100%;}.dynamic-featured-image, .dynamic-author-image{vertical-align:middle;}.one-container.blog .dynamic-content-template:not(:last-child), .one-container.archive .dynamic-content-template:not(:last-child){padding-bottom:0px;}.dynamic-entry-excerpt > p:last-child{margin-bottom:0px;} .main-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.menu-toggle,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item > a{transition: line-height 300ms ease}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav > ul{background-color: var(--accent)}.sticky-enabled .gen-sidebar-nav.is_stuck .main-navigation {margin-bottom: 0px;}.sticky-enabled .gen-sidebar-nav.is_stuck {z-index: 500;}.sticky-enabled .main-navigation.is_stuck {box-shadow: 0 2px 2px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);}.navigation-stick:not(.gen-sidebar-nav) {left: 0;right: 0;width: 100% !important;}.nav-float-right .navigation-stick {width: 100% !important;left: 0;}.nav-float-right .navigation-stick .navigation-branding {margin-right: auto;}.main-navigation.has-sticky-branding:not(.grid-container) .inside-navigation:not(.grid-container) .navigation-branding{margin-left: 10px;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-child-css' href='https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress-child/style.css?ver=1724243142' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A300%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C700&display=auto&ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-blog-images-css' href='https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/plugins/gp-premium/blog/functions/css/featured-images.min.css?ver=2.4.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-navigation-branding-css' href='https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/plugins/gp-premium/menu-plus/functions/css/navigation-branding-flex.min.css?ver=2.4.1' media='all' /> <style id='generate-navigation-branding-inline-css'> .main-navigation.has-branding .inside-navigation.grid-container, .main-navigation.has-branding.grid-container .inside-navigation:not(.grid-container){padding:0px 50px 0px 50px;}.main-navigation.has-branding:not(.grid-container) .inside-navigation:not(.grid-container) .navigation-branding{margin-left:10px;}.navigation-branding img, .site-logo.mobile-header-logo img{height:65px;width:auto;}.navigation-branding .main-title{line-height:65px;}@media (max-width: 768px){.main-navigation.has-branding.nav-align-center .menu-bar-items, .main-navigation.has-sticky-branding.navigation-stick.nav-align-center .menu-bar-items{margin-left:auto;}.navigation-branding{margin-right:auto;margin-left:10px;}.navigation-branding .main-title, .mobile-header-navigation .site-logo{margin-left:10px;}.main-navigation.has-branding .inside-navigation.grid-container{padding:0px;}} </style> <script src="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/94" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.1" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/mrna-therapeutics/advancements-in-lipid-nanoparticle-lnp-delivery-systems-for-mrna-therapeutics/" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/?p=94' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fnanotechnology.blog%2Farchive%2Fmrna-therapeutics%2Fadvancements-in-lipid-nanoparticle-lnp-delivery-systems-for-mrna-therapeutics%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fnanotechnology.blog%2Farchive%2Fmrna-therapeutics%2Fadvancements-in-lipid-nanoparticle-lnp-delivery-systems-for-mrna-therapeutics%2F&format=xml" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/cropped-favi-icon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/cropped-favi-icon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/cropped-favi-icon-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/cropped-favi-icon-270x270.png" /> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-94 single-format-standard wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive post-image-above-header post-image-aligned-center sticky-menu-no-transition sticky-enabled both-sticky-menu right-sidebar nav-below-header separate-containers header-aligned-left dropdown-hover featured-image-active" itemtype="https://schema.org/Blog" itemscope> <a class="screen-reader-text skip-link" href="#content" title="Skip to content">Skip to content</a> <nav class="auto-hide-sticky has-branding main-navigation nav-align-right has-menu-bar-items sub-menu-right" id="site-navigation" aria-label="Primary" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope> <div class="inside-navigation grid-container"> <div class="navigation-branding"><div class="site-logo"> <a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/" title="Nanotechnology" rel="home"> <img class="header-image is-logo-image" alt="Nanotechnology" src="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/cropped-logo.png" title="Nanotechnology" width="821" height="192" /> </a> </div></div> <button class="menu-toggle" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="gp-icon icon-menu-bars"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M0 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm0 160c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm0 160c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24z" /></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M71.029 71.029c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0L256 222.059l151.029-151.03c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0 9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942L289.941 256l151.03 151.029c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0L256 289.941l-151.029 151.03c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942L222.059 256 71.029 104.971c-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942z" /></svg></span><span class="mobile-menu">Menu</span> </button> <div id="primary-menu" class="main-nav"><ul id="menu-primary-menu" class=" menu sf-menu"><li id="menu-item-61" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-61"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-69" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-69"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/about/">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-62" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-62"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/publication-trends/">Publication Trends</a></li> <li id="menu-item-63" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-63"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/recent-publications/">Recent Publications</a></li> <li id="menu-item-64" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-64"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/expert-search/">Expert Search</a></li> </ul></div><div class="menu-bar-items"> <span class="menu-bar-item"> <a href="#" role="button" aria-label="Open search" data-gpmodal-trigger="gp-search"><span class="gp-icon icon-search"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M208 48c-88.366 0-160 71.634-160 160s71.634 160 160 160 160-71.634 160-160S296.366 48 208 48zM0 208C0 93.125 93.125 0 208 0s208 93.125 208 208c0 48.741-16.765 93.566-44.843 129.024l133.826 134.018c9.366 9.379 9.355 24.575-.025 33.941-9.379 9.366-24.575 9.355-33.941-.025L337.238 370.987C301.747 399.167 256.839 416 208 416 93.125 416 0 322.875 0 208z" /></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M71.029 71.029c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0L256 222.059l151.029-151.03c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0 9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942L289.941 256l151.03 151.029c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0L256 289.941l-151.029 151.03c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942L222.059 256 71.029 104.971c-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942z" /></svg></span></a> </span> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="site grid-container container hfeed" id="page"> <div class="site-content" id="content"> <div class="content-area" id="primary"> <main class="site-main" id="main"> <article id="post-94" class="post-94 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-mrna-therapeutics tag-cancer-immunotherapy tag-covid-19-vaccines tag-crispr-cas9 tag-gene-editing tag-lipid-nanoparticles-lnps tag-mrna-therapeutics tag-targeted-delivery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <div class="featured-image page-header-image-single "> <img width="1200" height="628" src="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/banner-13-10-min-scaled-e1727524164594.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" /> </div> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">Advancements in Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Systems for mRNA Therapeutics</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="updated" datetime="2024-09-28T17:19:33+05:30" itemprop="dateModified">September 28, 2024</time><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-09-28T14:55:26+05:30" itemprop="datePublished">September 28, 2024</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/author/nanotechnology/" title="View all posts by nanotechnology" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">nanotechnology</span></a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="text"> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Overall, there has been a great enhancement in mRNA therapeutics in the last few years, mainly due to advancements in the pipelines of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery systems.</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> Currently, they find their application in delivering mRNA into the target cell for various therapeutic applications, right from vaccinations to gene editing vectors. This article focuses on the advances in mRNA delivery through LNP in the recent past, along with important points and their relevance to future treatments.</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Introduction</b></h3> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Lipid nanoparticles, or LNPs, have greatly enhanced the delivery of nucleic acids, especially mRNA, because of their key characteristics of encapsulation and protection of the mRNA molecules and their delivery into cells. LNPs’ application in the creation of vaccines against COVID-19 has drawn attention to their usefulness in other spheres of treatment like oncology, genetic disorders, etc. It reviewed several developments in LNP technology in terms of their design, targeting, and clinical use.</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Evolution of LNP Design</b></h3> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">More design elements regarding LNPs have been introduced to improve their performance and targeting capabilities. Traditional LNPs consist of four main components: An ionizable lipid, a phospholipid, cholesterol, and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) lipid have been mentioned. Over the last few years, there have been works concerning enhancing these three components to facilitate the stability, delivery, and targeting of the LNPs.</span></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">One major advancement is the development of ionizable lipid nanoparticles that are selective for specific tissues. For instance, engineered ionizable LNPs are created for specific targeting of hepatocytes and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Depending on the particle size and the content of PEG-lipid, the researchers succeeded in delivering mRNA only to the given types. of cells and with fewer negative effects on the organism, improving the efficiency of the therapy.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Yearwise Publication Trend on <b>“<a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/publication-trends/index/mrna therapeutics" target="_blank" title="mrna therapeutics - yearwise publication trends">mrna therapeutics</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div><div class="results-container"><div class="chart-block" style="padding:15px;"> <div class="left"> <div id="results" class="results"></div> </div> <div class="right"> <div class="chart-container"><canvas id="publicationChart"></canvas></div> </div> <div class="keywordsdiv"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publication trends on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-stats"></span> </div> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"><style> table { margin: 0 0 1.5em; width: max-content; text-align: center; } @media only screen and (max-width: 993px) { .Adblock-main { width: 100% !important; margin:auto } } .Adblock-main { width: 100%; margin:auto; background-color:#fff; } .Adblock-head { background: #42c251; padding: 12px 10px; } .Adblock-head h1, .Adblock-head h2 { color: #fff; font-size: 20px; text-align: center; font-weight: 500; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 8px; } .Adblock-head h1 a{ color: #000; text-decoration: none; font-size:22px; padding:0px; } .Adblock-head h1 a:hover{ color: #000; text-decoration: underline; } .Ad-title{ margin-bottom: 1px; margin-top: 5px; text-align: center; font-size: 15px; color: #000; } .Ad-title a { color: #000; text-decoration: underline; } .Ad-title a:hover{ color: #000; text-decoration: underline; } .Ad-title1 { margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: center; font-size: 18px; color: #000; } .Ad-title1 a { color: #000; text-decoration: underline; } .Ad-title1 a:hover{ color: #000; text-decoration: underline; } .Ad-subtitle { margin-bottom: 8px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: center; } .Ad-subtitle1 { margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; font-size: 16px; } .Ad-middle { border: solid 1px #ccc; padding-bottom: 20px; border-bottom: none; } .register-button { background-color: #283b39; color: #ffffff !important; padding: 10px 14px; border: none; border-radius: 5px; font-size: 14px; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none; display: inline-block; margin-top: 15px; } .register-button span { color:#6dfe7e; } .register-button:hover { background-color: #161515; color:#fff; } .tablediv { width:100%; border: solid 1px #ccc; background:#fff; margin-bottom: 0px !important; } .tablediv th,.tablediv td{ font-size:13px!important; } .keywordsdiv { font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0px; background: #f1f1f1; padding: 10px 15px; margin-top: 15px; border-radius: 5px; } .keywordsdiv a{ color: #276cb5; padding: 0; } .keywordsdiv a:hover{ color:#000; text-decoration:underline; } .pub-scroll{ max-height: 260px; overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } .chart-block { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; background:#fff; border:1px solid #ccc; } .chart-block .left, .chart-block .right { background-color: #fff; padding: 20px; box-sizing: border-box; } .chart-block .left { flex: 1 1 5%; /* Takes up 45% of the width, flexible */ padding-right:0px !important } .chart-block .right { flex: 1 1 45%; /* Takes up 45% of the width, flexible */ } /* Responsive adjustments */ @media (max-width: 768px) { .chart-block .left, .chart-block .right { flex: 1 1 100%; /* Stack vertically on smaller screens */ margin: 0 0 10px 0; padding-right:20px !important } .chart-block .right{ width:50% !important; border:solid 1px #ccc; } .pub-scroll{ max-height:100% !important; overflow-y: inherit; overflow-x: hidden; } } </style> <script src='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chart.js'></script> <script> var chart = null; function displayResults(statistics) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results'); if (!statistics || Object.keys(statistics).length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var tableHTML = `<div class='pub-scroll'> <table class='tablediv' border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='0'> <tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Publication Count</th> </tr>`; Object.entries(statistics).sort(([yearA], [yearB]) => yearB - yearA).forEach(([year, count]) => { const displayCount = count === 0 ? 'NA' : count; tableHTML += ` <tr> <td>${year}</td> <td>${displayCount}</td> </tr> `; }); tableHTML += '</table></div>'; resultsContainer.innerHTML = tableHTML; } function displayLineChart(statistics) { var years = Object.keys(statistics); var counts = Object.values(statistics); var ctx = document.getElementById('publicationChart').getContext('2d'); // Destroy existing chart instance if it exists if (chart !== null) { chart.destroy(); } // Create a new chart instance chart = new Chart(ctx, { type: 'line', data: { labels: years, datasets: [{ label: 'Publication Counts', data: counts, fill: false, borderColor: 'rgba(75, 192, 192, 1)', tension: 0.1 }] }, options: { scales: { y: { beginAtZero: true } }, plugins: { legend: { display: true, position: 'top' } } } }); } function displayKeywordStats(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-stats'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach((key, index) => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/publication-trends/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key} - yearwise publication trends">${key}</a>`; if (index < keywords.length - 1) { keywordHTML += ', '; } }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var statistics = { "2014": 43, "2015": 26, "2016": 48, "2017": 32, "2018": 76, "2019": 81, "2020": 113, "2021": 174, "2022": 256, "2023": 407, "2024": 185 }; var keywordsArray = ["Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs)","mRNA therapeutics","Gene editing","Cancer immunotherapy","Targeted delivery","CRISPR-Cas9","COVID-19 vaccines"]; displayResults(statistics); displayLineChart(statistics); displayKeywordStats(keywordsArray); </script></p> <h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Targeted Delivery and Specificity</b></h3> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">One of the major issues remains delivering the mRNA to targeted cells or tissues at the specific target amount. Modern developments have been made in the ligand-locked and loaded method, in which LNPs possess ligands that make them reactive with receptors on the target cell. For instance, the attachment of mannose to the surface of LNPs has facilitated the delivery of RNA to LSECs but not to hepatocytes.</span></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In cancer immunotherapy, LNPs have been applied for the delivery of mRNA-encoding tumor-specific antigens to dendritic cells to elicit a highly effective tumor-specific immune response. Lipid nanoparticles, particularly C1 lipid nanoparticles, which are a simplistic kind of nanovaccine, were proven to be highly effective in transporting mRNA to immune activators known as antigen-presenting cells and in activating T cells through a receptor known as TLR4. This system has been revealed to be beneficial in the prevention of tumors and cancer treatment.</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Clinical Applications and Therapeutic Efficacy</b></h3> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Of all the categories of mRNA, the clinical success of lipid nanoparticle-mediated mRNA delivery has been all too well demonstrated by the COVID-19 vaccines, including the BNT162b2 vaccine by Pfizer-BioNTech and the mRNA-1273 vaccine by Moderna. Both of these vaccines utilize LNPs to carry mRNA that codes for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein; they stimulate the immune system and help prevent the virus. This success has inspired attempts to extend the use of LNP technology to other disease indications.</span></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In gene therapy, LNPs have been used as vectors for mRNA used for CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. Another study proved that Cas9 mRNA and single-guide RNA (sgRNA) incorporated with LNPs provided liver targeting and Angptl3 gene editing. This approach was successful in lowering serum ANGPTL3 protein along with enhancing the lipid profiles in mice, which underlines the use of LSNE for targeting genetic diseases.</span></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Besides, LNPs have been investigated for the delivery of mRNA-based vaccines against different infectious diseases and cancers. For example, the HA proteins of the H1N1 strain of the influenza A virus mRNA were encapsulated in cationic LNPs with protective immune responses in mice, as shown by the studies carried out. Some of these vaccines are capable of stimulating both humoral and cellular immunity, thus offering total coverage for viral diseases.</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Safety and Immunogenicity</b></h3> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Stability and adjuvants are some of the key factors that must be evaluated in LNP-mediated mRNA therapeutics. In recent years, the use of LNP has applied modifications in the structure and core of LNP to minimize toxicity and reduce immune response. For example, the cationic lipids that integrate at the lipid head group and become uncharged at physiological pH have shown lesser inflammation than permanently charged lipids.</span></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, what has been observed to have some perspective is the use of non-inflammatory mRNA vaccines in autoimmune diseases. A translation investigation involving multiple sclerosis used a non-inflammatory mRNA vaccine approach, transecting mRNA to encode MS autoantigens in lymphoid dendritic cells. In this approach, regulatory T cells were induced to suppress autoreactivity without at the same time immunosuppressing the system; this is a form of therapeutic intervention in autoimmune diseases.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Recent Publications on <b>“<a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/recent-publications/index/mrna therapeutics" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="mrna therapeutics - yearwise publication list">mrna therapeutics</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div> <div class="pb-main"><div class="article-scroll"><div id="results_recent" class="results"></div></div><div class="keywordsdiv" style="margin: 0px 15px;margin-top:20px;"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publications on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-papers"></span> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"> <style> .pb-main{ border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .author-main { border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .publication-block { padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f9f9f9; text-align: left; background: #FFF; border-bottom: solid 1px #ccc; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 15px; } .publication-block h3 { margin: 0 0 10px; color: #000!important; } .publication-block a { font-size: 16px !important; line-height: 1em; font-weight: 600; text-transform: none; color: #000; padding: 0px; } .publication-block a:hover{ color: #227cdc; text-decoration:underline; } .article-scroll { max-height: 445px; overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-track { -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3); background-color: #efefef; border-radius:30px; } ::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 6px; background-color: #efefef; border-radius:30px; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background-color: #ababab; border-radius:30px; } .publication-block p { margin-bottom: .5em; font-size: 15px; color: #000; } h3 { font-size: 18px !important; margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 1.2em; font-weight: 600; text-transform: none; } a { padding: 5px; color: #a71c49; } #keyword-papers{ margin-top: 20px; text-align: center; } </style> <script> function decodeString(str) { str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); return str; } function displayResults_recent(papers) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results_recent'); if (!papers || papers.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No recent publications found.</p>'; return; } papers.forEach(paper => { var publicationBlock = document.createElement('div'); publicationBlock.className = 'publication-block'; var title_de = decodeString(paper.title); var publicationHTML = ` <div style="margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;"><a href="${paper.url}" target="_blank" title="${title_de}">${title_de}</a></div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> ${paper.publishedDate}</p> `; publicationBlock.innerHTML = publicationHTML; resultsContainer.appendChild(publicationBlock); }); } function displayKeywordPapers(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-papers'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach((key, index) => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/recent-publications/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key} - publication list">${key}</a>`; if (index < keywords.length - 1) { keywordHTML += ', '; } }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var recent_papers = [ { "title": "A dynamic microRNA profile that tracks a chemotherapy resistance phenotype in osteosarcoma. Implications for novel therapeutics.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38946948", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "\u03b2-Amino Acids Reduce Ternary Complex Stability and Alter the Translation Elongation Mechanism.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38947208", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Toward the full potential of mRNA therapeutics.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38788709", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Role of aptamer technology in extracellular vesicle biology and therapeutic applications.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38856692", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Decoupled degradation and translation enables noise modulation by poly(A) tails.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38901403", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Optimized RNA interference therapeutics combined with interleukin-2 mRNA for treating hepatitis B virus infection.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38902241", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Supercoiled DNA percentage: A key in-process control of linear DNA template for mRNA drug substance manufacturing.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38948330", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "miR-617 interacts with the promoter of and positively regulates its expression: implications for cancer therapeutics.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38939334", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Potential of GSPT1 as a novel target for glioblastoma therapy.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39117611", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Effective Synthesis of High-Integrity mRNA Using In Vitro Transcription.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38893337", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Analytical Ultracentrifugation to Assess the Quality of LNP-mRNA Therapeutics.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38891903", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Competitive Microarray Screening Reveals Functional Ligands for the DHX15 RNA G-Quadruplex.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38894923", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Lung-Specific mRNA Delivery Enabled by Sulfonium Lipid Nanoparticles.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38888232", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Challenges and advances of the stability of mRNA delivery therapeutics.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38903876", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Bioinspired cellular membrane-derived vesicles for mRNA delivery.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38855184", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Deciphering the Binding of 5\\\\\\' Stem Loop RNA to the La Domain of Human LARP6.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38915490", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "A viral assembly inhibitor blocks SARS-CoV-2 replication in airway epithelial cells.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38649430", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Design and Synthesis of Circular RNA Expression Vectors.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38814396", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "A full-length glycoprotein mRNA vaccine confers complete protection against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, with broad-spectrum protective effects against bandaviruses.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38829138", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "In Silico Screening Accelerates Nanocarrier Design for Efficient mRNA Delivery.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38837626", "publishedDate": "2024" } ]; var keywordsArray = ["Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs)","mRNA therapeutics","Gene editing","Cancer immunotherapy","Targeted delivery","CRISPR-Cas9","COVID-19 vaccines"]; displayResults_recent(recent_papers); displayKeywordPapers(keywordsArray); // function stripslashes(str) { // if (typeof str === 'string') { // return str.replace(/\/g, ''); // } // } </script></p> <h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Future Directions</b></h3> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Future progress for LNP-mediated mRNA therapeutics includes enhancement of targeting selectivity and delivery, as well as safety aspects. Nanotechnology and advances in bioengineering will allow for the creation of new LNPs to further deliver mRNA to various tissues and cells. Also, the use of mRNA in combination with other treatments, including small molecules and biologics, may improve the therapeutic effect.</span></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">A potential area of development is that of biodegradable lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery. These nanoparticles can be tailored with special features that let them break down in the body, making them less threatening to the body’s tissues after a short time. Also, the incorporation of targeting ligands, peptides, and antibodies increases the specificity of mRNA delivery to the target cells.</span></p> <h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Conclusion</b></h3> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">In general, the lipid nanoparticle delivery system is one of the most profound innovations that has opened up a broad range of opportunities in the application of mRNA-based therapeutics. In other cases, like vaccines, gene editing, or cancer immunotherapy, LNPs have indicated substantiated benefits as a delivery system. The advancement of this field has been advocated for, and this is because, as sure as the sun rises, one can expect more research and development for better therapeutic interventions, adding to the advancement of modern medicine.</span></p> <p></p> <h3><b>References</b></h3> <ol> <li>Qiu, M., Glass, Z., Chen, J., Haas, M., Jin, X., Zhao, X., Rui, X., Ye, Z., Li, Y., Zhang, F. and Xu, Q., 2021. <a href="https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2020401118">Lipid nanoparticle-mediated codelivery of Cas9 mRNA and single-guide RNA achieves liver-specific in vivo genome editing of Angptl3.</a> <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>, <i>118</i>(10), p.e2020401118.</li> <li>Zhang, H., You, X., Wang, X., Cui, L., Wang, Z., Xu, F., Li, M., Yang, Z., Liu, J., Huang, P. and Kang, Y., 2021. <a href="https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2005191118">Delivery of mRNA vaccine with a lipid-like material potentiates antitumor efficacy through Toll-like receptor 4 signaling.</a> <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>, <i>118</i>(6), p.e2005191118.</li> <li>Kim, M., Jeong, M., Hur, S., Cho, Y., Park, J., Jung, H., Seo, Y., Woo, H.A., Nam, K.T., Lee, K. and Lee, H., 2021. <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/sciadv.abf4398">Engineered ionizable lipid nanoparticles for targeted delivery of RNA therapeutics into different types of cells in the liver.</a> <i>Science advances</i>, <i>7</i>(9), p.eabf4398.</li> <li>Elia, U., Ramishetti, S., Rosenfeld, R., Dammes, N., Bar-Haim, E., Naidu, G.S., Makdasi, E., Yahalom-Ronen, Y., Tamir, H., Paran, N. and Cohen, O., 2021. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsnano.0c10180">Design of SARS-CoV-2 hFc-conjugated receptor-binding domain mRNA vaccine delivered via lipid nanoparticles.</a> <i>ACS nano</i>, <i>15</i>(6), pp.9627-9637.</li> <li>Krienke, C., Kolb, L., Diken, E., Streuber, M., Kirchhoff, S., Bukur, T., Akilli-Öztürk, Ö., Kranz, L.M., Berger, H., Petschenka, J. and Diken, M., 2021. <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.aay3638">A noninflammatory mRNA vaccine for treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. </a><i>Science</i>, <i>371</i>(6525), pp.145-153.</li> <li>Riley, R.S., Kashyap, M.V., Billingsley, M.M., White, B., Alameh, M.G., Bose, S.K., Zoltick, P.W., Li, H., Zhang, R., Cheng, A.Y. and Weissman, D., 2021. <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/sciadv.aba1028">Ionizable lipid nanoparticles for in utero mRNA delivery.</a> <i>Science advances</i>, <i>7</i>(3), p.eaba1028.</li> <li>Baden, L.R., El Sahly, H.M., Essink, B., Kotloff, K., Frey, S., Novak, R., Diemert, D., Spector, S.A., Rouphael, N., Creech, C.B. and McGettigan, J., 2021. <a href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa2035389">Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.</a> <i>New England journal of medicine</i>, <i>384</i>(5), pp.403-416.</li> <li>Polack, F.P., Thomas, S.J., Kitchin, N., Absalon, J., Gurtman, A., Lockhart, S., Perez, J.L., Pérez Marc, G., Moreira, E.D., Zerbini, C. and Bailey, R., 2020. <a href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa2034577">Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine.</a> <i>New England journal of medicine</i>, <i>383</i>(27), pp.2603-2615.</li> </ol> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Top Experts on “<b style="color:#000;font-size:22px;">mrna therapeutics</b>“</h2> </div> </div><div class="author-main"><div id="results_author"></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a class="register-button" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/expert-search" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Find experts on any field</a></div></div><div class="inside-article" style="background: none;border: none;box-shadow: none;margin-top: -70px;"> <style> .author-block { padding: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: left; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.2; background: #FFF; border-bottom: solid 1px #ccc; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 15px; } .author-block h3 { margin: 0 0 10px; color: #227cdc; } .author-block p { margin: 5px 0; } .author-b { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom:10px; } .author-b .ainfo { flex: 1 1 30%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; background: #dcdcdc; padding: 7px 14px; border-radius: 5px; margin-top: 3px; margin-right: 10px; } @media (max-width: 768px) { .author-b .ainfo { flex: 1 1 100%; margin: 10px 0; } } </style> <script> function displayResults_author(authors) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results_author'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!authors || Object.keys(authors).length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No authors found.</p>'; return; } Object.values(authors).slice(0, 10).forEach(author => { if (author.affiliation.length > 400) { return; } var authorBlock = document.createElement('div'); authorBlock.className = 'author-block'; var author_name=author.name; let key_replace = author_name.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); var authorHTML = ` <h3><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/author/index/${key_replace}\/${author.aid}" target="_blank" title="${author.name}">${author.name}</a></h3> <div class="author-b"> <div class="ainfo"><strong>H-Index:</strong> ${author.hindex}</div> <div class="ainfo"><strong>Publication Count:</strong> ${author.paper_count}</div> <div class="ainfo"><strong>Citation Count:</strong> ${author.citation_count}</div> </div> <p><strong>Affiliation:</strong> ${author.affiliation}</p> `; authorBlock.innerHTML = authorHTML; resultsContainer.appendChild(authorBlock); }); } function displayKeywordAuthors(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-authors'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach(key => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/expert-search/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key}">${key}</a>`; }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var authors_data = { "RIaMK4wBWBy50K-rc2Mp": { "aid": "RIaMK4wBWBy50K-rc2Mp", "name": "Daniel G. Anderson", "citation_count": 45615, "hindex": 110, "paper_count": 326, "affiliation": "David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA. ", "email": "dgander@mit.edu", "slug_tail": "daniel-g-anderson" }, "3S91K4wBWBy50K-rjkil": { "aid": "3S91K4wBWBy50K-rjkil", "name": "A. Vogel", "citation_count": 17013, "hindex": 61, "paper_count": 478, "affiliation": "Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Germany. ", "email": "vogel.arndt@mh-hannover.de", "slug_tail": "a-vogel" }, "IPBnK4wBWBy50K-rFDlb": { "aid": "IPBnK4wBWBy50K-rFDlb", "name": "C. Plank", "citation_count": 10886, "hindex": 50, "paper_count": 191, "affiliation": "Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany. ", "email": "christian.plank@tum.de", "slug_tail": "c-plank" }, "5neIK4wBWBy50K-rMB36": { "aid": "5neIK4wBWBy50K-rMB36", "name": "N. Sanders", "citation_count": 8720, "hindex": 49, "paper_count": 186, "affiliation": "Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute (CRIG), Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium. ", "email": "niek.sanders@ugent.be", "slug_tail": "n-sanders" }, "dpIfK4wBWBy50K-rN8Xh": { "aid": "dpIfK4wBWBy50K-rN8Xh", "name": "G. Pezzotti", "citation_count": 10272, "hindex": 48, "paper_count": 682, "affiliation": "Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi dori, 602-0841, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, 160-0023 Tokyo, Japan; The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan. ", "email": "pezzotti@kit.ac.jp", "slug_tail": "g-pezzotti" }, "tpTPK4wBWBy50K-ryENn": { "aid": "tpTPK4wBWBy50K-ryENn", "name": "N. Hwang", "citation_count": 7526, "hindex": 47, "paper_count": 184, "affiliation": "School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute for Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX\/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. ", "email": "nshwang@snu.ac.kr", "slug_tail": "n-hwang" }, "xCUHK4wBWBy50K-r8v2g": { "aid": "xCUHK4wBWBy50K-r8v2g", "name": "K. Itaka", "citation_count": 6347, "hindex": 46, "paper_count": 131, "affiliation": "Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; Department of Biofunction Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan. ", "email": "itaka.bif@tmd.ac.jp", "slug_tail": "k-itaka" }, "K9WjK4wBWBy50K-rNxgQ": { "aid": "K9WjK4wBWBy50K-rNxgQ", "name": "M. Ott", "citation_count": 6524, "hindex": 43, "paper_count": 152, "affiliation": "Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Twincore Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany. ", "email": "ott.michael@mh-hannover.de", "slug_tail": "m-ott" }, "FnoYK4wBWBy50K-rKLLb": { "aid": "FnoYK4wBWBy50K-rKLLb", "name": "K. Raemdonck", "citation_count": 5197, "hindex": 41, "paper_count": 123, "affiliation": "Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. ", "email": "koen.raemdonck@ugent.be", "slug_tail": "k-raemdonck" }, "DAPpK4wBWBy50K-rLaUz": { "aid": "DAPpK4wBWBy50K-rLaUz", "name": "T. Welte", "citation_count": 5006, "hindex": 39, "paper_count": 110, "affiliation": "Biomarker Research Program Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ", "email": "twelte@houstonmethodist.org", "slug_tail": "t-welte" }, "M9gsK4wBWBy50K-rbucE": { "aid": "M9gsK4wBWBy50K-rbucE", "name": "Yizhou Dong", "citation_count": 6670, "hindex": 39, "paper_count": 98, "affiliation": "Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States; The Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States; The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States; Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States; Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States. ", "email": "dong.525@osu.edu", "slug_tail": "yizhou-dong" }, "jNJhK4wBWBy50K-racC3": { "aid": "jNJhK4wBWBy50K-racC3", "name": "T. Cantz", "citation_count": 4574, "hindex": 37, "paper_count": 124, "affiliation": "Research Group Translational Hepatology and Stem Cell Biology, Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany. ", "email": "cantz.tobias@mh-hannover.de", "slug_tail": "t-cantz" }, "akzAK4wBWBy50K-rcUl7": { "aid": "akzAK4wBWBy50K-rcUl7", "name": "I. Lentacker", "citation_count": 4393, "hindex": 36, "paper_count": 102, "affiliation": "Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium. ", "email": "ine.lentacker@ugent.be", "slug_tail": "i-lentacker" }, "yVaAK4wBWBy50K-rIN98": { "aid": "yVaAK4wBWBy50K-rIN98", "name": "Georg Seelig", "citation_count": 7832, "hindex": 35, "paper_count": 84, "affiliation": "Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. ", "email": "gseelig@uw.edu", "slug_tail": "georg-seelig" }, "1wmvK4wBWBy50K-r7idA": { "aid": "1wmvK4wBWBy50K-r7idA", "name": "B. Bhat", "citation_count": 6164, "hindex": 35, "paper_count": 125, "affiliation": "Translate Bio Inc., 29 Hartwell Avenue, Lexington, MA, USA. ", "email": "bbhat@translate.bio", "slug_tail": "b-bhat" }, "ryEHK4wBWBy50K-rOEZx": { "aid": "ryEHK4wBWBy50K-rOEZx", "name": "K. Remaut", "citation_count": 3616, "hindex": 34, "paper_count": 141, "affiliation": "Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. ", "email": "Katrien.Remaut@ugent.be", "slug_tail": "k-remaut" }, "lH1NK4wBWBy50K-r2Z_T": { "aid": "lH1NK4wBWBy50K-r2Z_T", "name": "M. Dickman", "citation_count": 6198, "hindex": 33, "paper_count": 113, "affiliation": "Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Mappin Street, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK. ", "email": "m.dickman@sheffield.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "m-dickman" }, "zE3gKowBWBy50K-r0v88": { "aid": "zE3gKowBWBy50K-r0v88", "name": "E. Jaeckel", "citation_count": 4858, "hindex": 32, "paper_count": 225, "affiliation": "Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. ", "email": "Jaeckel.Elmar@mh-hannover.de", "slug_tail": "e-jaeckel" }, "9oQbK4wBWBy50K-roDor": { "aid": "9oQbK4wBWBy50K-roDor", "name": "J. Rosenecker", "citation_count": 4197, "hindex": 30, "paper_count": 66, "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. ", "email": "Joseph.Rosenecker@med.uni-muenchen.de", "slug_tail": "j-rosenecker" }, "WLz0KowBWBy50K-rPRpQ": { "aid": "WLz0KowBWBy50K-rPRpQ", "name": "Amar Deep Sharma", "citation_count": 2098, "hindex": 28, "paper_count": 59, "affiliation": "Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ", "email": "sharma.amar@mh-hannover.de", "slug_tail": "amar-deep-sharma" }, "DGvGK4wBWBy50K-r_by7": { "aid": "DGvGK4wBWBy50K-r_by7", "name": "E. Marin", "citation_count": 2123, "hindex": 25, "paper_count": 165, "affiliation": "Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan. ", "email": "elia-marin@kit.ac.jp", "slug_tail": "e-marin" }, "W-tmK4wBWBy50K-rZqwX": { "aid": "W-tmK4wBWBy50K-rZqwX", "name": "R. Taubert", "citation_count": 1953, "hindex": 23, "paper_count": 116, "affiliation": "Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. ", "email": "taubert.richard@mh-hannover.de", "slug_tail": "r-taubert" }, "oDsLK4wBWBy50K-r9HfX": { "aid": "oDsLK4wBWBy50K-r9HfX", "name": "A. Balakrishnan", "citation_count": 2166, "hindex": 21, "paper_count": 55, "affiliation": "Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. ", "email": "balakrishnan.asha@mh-hannover.de", "slug_tail": "a-balakrishnan" }, "v0tBK4wBWBy50K-rgtuB": { "aid": "v0tBK4wBWBy50K-rgtuB", "name": "M. Vormehr", "citation_count": 7404, "hindex": 21, "paper_count": 43, "affiliation": "Biopharmaceutical New Technologies (BioNTech) Corporation, 55131 Mainz, Germany; email: , ", "email": "mathias.vormehr@biontech.de", "slug_tail": "m-vormehr" }, "XggCK4wBWBy50K-rhSyT": { "aid": "XggCK4wBWBy50K-rhSyT", "name": "L. Kranz", "citation_count": 4996, "hindex": 17, "paper_count": 40, "affiliation": "BioNTech SE, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131, Mainz, Germany. ", "email": "lena.kranz@biontech.de", "slug_tail": "l-kranz" }, "ftVhK4wBWBy50K-rzXzw": { "aid": "ftVhK4wBWBy50K-rzXzw", "name": "S. Karve", "citation_count": 897, "hindex": 14, "paper_count": 40, "affiliation": "mRNA Center of Excellence, 200 West Street, MA, 02451, Sanofi Waltham, USA. ", "email": "shri.karve@sanofi.com", "slug_tail": "s-karve" }, "E1tFK4wBWBy50K-rMqFX": { "aid": "E1tFK4wBWBy50K-rMqFX", "name": "Rein Verbeke", "citation_count": 1378, "hindex": 14, "paper_count": 37, "affiliation": "Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium. ", "email": "Rein.Verbeke@UGent.be", "slug_tail": "rein-verbeke" }, "UmnGK4wBWBy50K-rYG2U": { "aid": "UmnGK4wBWBy50K-rYG2U", "name": "S. Guan", "citation_count": 747, "hindex": 12, "paper_count": 26, "affiliation": "National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. ", "email": "guanshan87@163.com", "slug_tail": "s-guan" }, "kbrYK4wBWBy50K-roJOk": { "aid": "kbrYK4wBWBy50K-roJOk", "name": "Yasuaki Kimura", "citation_count": 416, "hindex": 12, "paper_count": 44, "affiliation": "Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan. ", "email": "kimura.yasuaki.r9@f.mail.nagoya-u.ac.jp", "slug_tail": "yasuaki-kimura" }, "vuaoK4wBWBy50K-reMqS": { "aid": "vuaoK4wBWBy50K-reMqS", "name": "B. Engel", "citation_count": 307, "hindex": 11, "paper_count": 38, "affiliation": "Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany. ", "email": "Engel.Bastian@mh-hannover.de", "slug_tail": "b-engel" }, "QtJhK4wBWBy50K-rab6I": { "aid": "QtJhK4wBWBy50K-rab6I", "name": "R. Khanal", "citation_count": 297, "hindex": 8, "paper_count": 37, "affiliation": "Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-M1-4, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan; Research Center for Water Environment Technology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan. ", "email": "rajendra.khanal@gmail.com", "slug_tail": "r-khanal" }, "UhzvK4wBWBy50K-rHceF": { "aid": "UhzvK4wBWBy50K-rHceF", "name": "S. Uchida", "citation_count": 543, "hindex": 7, "paper_count": 20, "affiliation": "Department of Advanced Nanomedical Engineering, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan; Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-0823, Japan; Innovation Center of NanoMedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan. ", "email": "uchida.anme@tmd.ac.jp", "slug_tail": "s-uchida" }, "X-xmK4wBWBy50K-rhVP0": { "aid": "X-xmK4wBWBy50K-rhVP0", "name": "Nadja Salomon", "citation_count": 237, "hindex": 6, "paper_count": 10, "affiliation": "TRON, Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany. ", "email": "nadja.salomon@tron-mainz.de", "slug_tail": "nadja-salomon" }, "veOnK4wBWBy50K-r6Mmf": { "aid": "veOnK4wBWBy50K-r6Mmf", "name": "An-Katrien Minnaert", "citation_count": 144, "hindex": 6, "paper_count": 9, "affiliation": "Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium. ", "email": "AnKatrienPaula.Minnaert@UGent.be", "slug_tail": "an-katrien-minnaert" }, "VgMBK4wBWBy50K-r0r8V": { "aid": "VgMBK4wBWBy50K-r0r8V", "name": "H. Pujar", "citation_count": 432, "hindex": 5, "paper_count": 12, "affiliation": "Moderna, 500 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ", "email": "Hari.pujar@modernatx.com", "slug_tail": "h-pujar" }, "mxKyK4wBWBy50K-rvLv4": { "aid": "mxKyK4wBWBy50K-rvLv4", "name": "Eric Huang", "citation_count": 232, "hindex": 5, "paper_count": 7, "affiliation": "New Venture Labs, Moderna, Inc., 200 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ", "email": "eric.huang@modernatx.com", "slug_tail": "eric-huang" }, "CNajK4wBWBy50K-ru61L": { "aid": "CNajK4wBWBy50K-ru61L", "name": "Helena Vanluchene", "citation_count": 47, "hindex": 2, "paper_count": 2, "affiliation": "Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium. ", "email": "Helena.Vanluchene@UGent.be", "slug_tail": "helena-vanluchene" } }; //console.log(authors_data); displayResults_author(authors_data); var keywordsArray = ["Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs)","mRNA therapeutics","Gene editing","Cancer immunotherapy","Targeted delivery","CRISPR-Cas9","COVID-19 vaccines"]; displayKeywordAuthors(keywordsArray); </script></p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="gp-icon icon-categories"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M0 112c0-26.51 21.49-48 48-48h110.014a48 48 0 0143.592 27.907l12.349 26.791A16 16 0 00228.486 128H464c26.51 0 48 21.49 48 48v224c0 26.51-21.49 48-48 48H48c-26.51 0-48-21.49-48-48V112z" /></svg></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/category/mrna-therapeutics/" rel="category tag">mRNA Therapeutics</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"/><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z" /></svg></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/tag/cancer-immunotherapy/" rel="tag">Cancer immunotherapy</a>, <a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/tag/covid-19-vaccines/" rel="tag">COVID-19 vaccines</a>, <a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/tag/crispr-cas9/" rel="tag">CRISPR-Cas9</a>, <a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/tag/gene-editing/" rel="tag">Gene editing</a>, <a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/tag/lipid-nanoparticles-lnps/" rel="tag">Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs)</a>, <a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/tag/mrna-therapeutics/" rel="tag">mRNA therapeutics</a>, <a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/tag/targeted-delivery/" rel="tag">Targeted delivery</a></span> <nav id="nav-below" class="post-navigation" aria-label="Posts"> <div class="nav-previous"><span class="gp-icon icon-arrow-left"><svg viewBox="0 0 192 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="1.414"><path d="M178.425 138.212c0 2.265-1.133 4.813-2.832 6.512L64.276 256.001l111.317 111.277c1.7 1.7 2.832 4.247 2.832 6.513 0 2.265-1.133 4.813-2.832 6.512L161.43 394.46c-1.7 1.7-4.249 2.832-6.514 2.832-2.266 0-4.816-1.133-6.515-2.832L16.407 262.514c-1.699-1.7-2.832-4.248-2.832-6.513 0-2.265 1.133-4.813 2.832-6.512l131.994-131.947c1.7-1.699 4.249-2.831 6.515-2.831 2.265 0 4.815 1.132 6.514 2.831l14.163 14.157c1.7 1.7 2.832 3.965 2.832 6.513z" fill-rule="nonzero" /></svg></span><span class="prev"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/single-molecule-imaging/innovations-in-single-molecule-imaging-techniques/" rel="prev">Innovations in Single-Molecule Imaging Techniques</a></span></div><div class="nav-next"><span class="gp-icon icon-arrow-right"><svg viewBox="0 0 192 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="1.414"><path d="M178.425 256.001c0 2.266-1.133 4.815-2.832 6.515L43.599 394.509c-1.7 1.7-4.248 2.833-6.514 2.833s-4.816-1.133-6.515-2.833l-14.163-14.162c-1.699-1.7-2.832-3.966-2.832-6.515 0-2.266 1.133-4.815 2.832-6.515l111.317-111.316L16.407 144.685c-1.699-1.7-2.832-4.249-2.832-6.515s1.133-4.815 2.832-6.515l14.163-14.162c1.7-1.7 4.249-2.833 6.515-2.833s4.815 1.133 6.514 2.833l131.994 131.993c1.7 1.7 2.832 4.249 2.832 6.515z" fill-rule="nonzero" /></svg></span><span class="next"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/nanostructured-materials/the-future-of-nanostructured-materials-in-thermal-management/" rel="next">The Future of Nanostructured Materials in Thermal Management</a></span></div> </nav> </footer> </div> </article> </main> </div> <div class="widget-area sidebar is-right-sidebar" id="right-sidebar"> <div class="inside-right-sidebar"> <aside id="block-2" class="widget inner-padding widget_block widget_search"><form role="search" method="get" action="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/" class="wp-block-search__button-outside wp-block-search__text-button wp-block-search" ><label class="wp-block-search__label" for="wp-block-search__input-1" >Search</label><div class="wp-block-search__inside-wrapper " ><input class="wp-block-search__input" id="wp-block-search__input-1" placeholder="" value="" type="search" name="s" required /><button aria-label="Search" class="wp-block-search__button wp-element-button" type="submit" >Search</button></div></form></aside><aside id="block-3" class="widget inner-padding widget_block"><div class="wp-block-group"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"><h2 class="wp-block-heading">Recent Posts</h2><ul class="wp-block-latest-posts__list wp-block-latest-posts"><li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/nanophotonic-devices/nanophotonic-devices-for-sensing-and-imaging/">Nanophotonic Devices for Sensing and Imaging</a></li> <li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/neurotransmitter-detection/advanced-fluorescent-sensors-for-neurotransmitter-detection-innovations-and-applications/">Advanced Fluorescent Sensors for Neurotransmitter Detection: Innovations and Applications</a></li> <li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/nanostructured-polymers/the-role-of-nanostructured-polymers-in-enhancing-photon-upconversion-efficiency/">The Role of Nanostructured Polymers in Enhancing Photon Upconversion Efficiency</a></li> <li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/nanostructured-materials/the-future-of-nanostructured-materials-in-thermal-management/">The Future of Nanostructured Materials in Thermal Management</a></li> <li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/mrna-therapeutics/advancements-in-lipid-nanoparticle-lnp-delivery-systems-for-mrna-therapeutics/">Advancements in Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Systems for mRNA Therapeutics</a></li> </ul></div></div></aside><aside id="block-4" class="widget inner-padding widget_block"><div class="wp-block-group"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"><h2 class="wp-block-heading">Recent Comments</h2><div class="no-comments wp-block-latest-comments">No comments to show.</div></div></div></aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer footer-bar-active footer-bar-align-right"> <footer class="site-info" aria-label="Site" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPFooter" itemscope> <div class="inside-site-info grid-container"> <div class="footer-bar"> <aside id="nav_menu-2" class="widget inner-padding widget_nav_menu"><div class="menu-footer-menu-container"><ul id="menu-footer-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-35" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-35"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-34" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-34"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/disclaimer/">Disclaimer</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-33"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/terms-and-conditions/">Terms and Conditions</a></li> <li id="menu-item-32" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-32"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/contact-us/">Contact us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-31" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-31"><a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/about-us/">About us</a></li> </ul></div></aside> </div> <div class="copyright-bar"> © 2024 Nanotechnology </div> </div> </footer> </div> <script id="generate-a11y">!function(){"use strict";if("querySelector"in document&&"addEventListener"in window){var e=document.body;e.addEventListener("mousedown",function(){e.classList.add("using-mouse")}),e.addEventListener("keydown",function(){e.classList.remove("using-mouse")})}}();</script> <div class="gp-modal gp-search-modal" id="gp-search"> <div class="gp-modal__overlay" tabindex="-1" data-gpmodal-close> <div class="gp-modal__container"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-modal-form" action="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/"> <label for="search-modal-input" class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</label> <div class="search-modal-fields"> <input id="search-modal-input" type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button aria-label="Search"><span class="gp-icon icon-search"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M208 48c-88.366 0-160 71.634-160 160s71.634 160 160 160 160-71.634 160-160S296.366 48 208 48zM0 208C0 93.125 93.125 0 208 0s208 93.125 208 208c0 48.741-16.765 93.566-44.843 129.024l133.826 134.018c9.366 9.379 9.355 24.575-.025 33.941-9.379 9.366-24.575 9.355-33.941-.025L337.238 370.987C301.747 399.167 256.839 416 208 416 93.125 416 0 322.875 0 208z" /></svg></span></button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/plugins/gp-premium/menu-plus/functions/js/sticky.min.js?ver=2.4.1" id="generate-sticky-js"></script> <!--[if lte IE 11]> <script src="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/js/classList.min.js?ver=3.4.0" id="generate-classlist-js"></script> <![endif]--> <script id="generate-menu-js-extra"> var generatepressMenu = {"toggleOpenedSubMenus":"1","openSubMenuLabel":"Open Sub-Menu","closeSubMenuLabel":"Close Sub-Menu"}; </script> <script src="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/js/menu.min.js?ver=3.4.0" id="generate-menu-js"></script> <script src="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/dist/modal.js?ver=3.4.0" id="generate-modal-js"></script> </body> </html>