Competition Blogs

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case-c-264-23-booking-com-ancillary-restraints-and-market-definition-in-the-platform-economy"> <div class="row coreblogpost-header"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <header> <div> <span class="coreblog"> Competition law </span> <span class="bloglabel"> Blog </span> </div> <h1 class="page-title">Official Blog of the European Competition and Regulatory Law Review (CoRe)</h1> </header> </div> <div class="col-sm-9"> <div class="subheader"> <p>The CoRe Blog is the interactive online platform for up-to-date analysis of EU competition law developments. It’s the blog companion of the quarterly double-blind peer-reviewed European Competition and Regulatory Law Review (CoRe). The CoRe Blog fills in the gaps that a quarterly can’t address: immediate updates and analysis of breaking news in EU competition.</p> <p><a class="custom-arrow-btn" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/insider/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Subscribe now!</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 coreblogpost-header-img"> <img src="" /> </div> </div> <ul class="nav nav-tabs blog-single" role="tablist" id="tablist"> <li class="active"><a href="#overview" class=" sbc" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">All</a></li> <li><a href="#authors" class=" sbc" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Editors</a></li> <li><a href="#case-digest" class=" sbc" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Case Digests</a></li> <li><a href="#features" class=" sbc" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Features</a></li> <li><a href="#submit" id="order_now_button" class=" sbc sbb order_now_button white_font" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Submit guest blog post</a></li> </ul>  <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9"> <div class="tab-content"> <div class="tab-pane active" id="overview"> <h2 class="blog-overview-hl"> - Article 102 TFEU <a class="close-cat" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/">×</a> </h2> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 18. March 2024  |   by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/"><h2>The Apple App Store – A New Kind of Hallmark Case</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" title="Competition Blogs 1"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739.jpg.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739-300x169.jpg.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="360" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739.jpg" alt="competition law, abuse of dominance, apple app store, the digital markets act" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739.jpg 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> After almost three years since the Commission sent Apple its statement of objections, which was significantly trimmed down, the Commission reached a finding of abuse for which it imposed a whopping fine of 1.8 billion euros. Alongside this case, Apple was also involved in an almost identical case running parallel in the Netherlands, with similar findings. Meanwhile, during these procedures, […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 7. November 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/"><h2>The ACM vs. Apple AppStore – A Second Chance To Get It Right</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 2"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1024x768.jpg.webp 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-300x225.jpg.webp 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-768x576.jpg.webp 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1536x1152.jpg.webp 1536w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-2048x1536.jpg.webp 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> <img width="750" height="563" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1024x768.jpg" alt="app store, apple, abuse of dominance, platforms, ACM, art. 102 TFEU." decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-300x225.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-768x576.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-2048x1536.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The Dutch case concerning the Apple App Store appears to make a (welcome) comeback. The case that started in 2019 came to a rather disappointing end in the summer of 2022 when the Dutch competition authority issued a public statement that gave the impression that it was satisfied with Apple’s adjustments to the App Store front in the Netherlands. This […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 12. September 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/"><h2>Microsoft III – Paving The Way To A Tying Trilogy?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 3"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640.png.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640-300x212.png.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="452" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640.png" alt="Microsoft teams antitrust claim, abuse of dominance, European commission" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640.png 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640-300x212.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> This summer the European commission (finally) announced it will start a formal investigation against Microsoft following Slack’s complaint concerning the (abusive) tying or bundling or Teams to the Microsoft and Office 365 suites. Not long after, Microsoft came out with an official statement concerning the changes in its pricing and distribution strategy of Teams it will introduce in order to […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 18. January 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/"><h2>Case C-42/21P Lithuanian Railways – another clarification on the Bronner case law and the non-exhaustive character of art. 102 TFEU</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 4"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-1024x678.jpg.webp 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-300x199.jpg.webp 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-768x509.jpg.webp 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280.jpg.webp 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> <img width="750" height="497" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-1024x678.jpg" alt="competition law, abuse of dominance, refusal to supply, Lithuanian railways, bronner, essential facility, art. 102 TFEU" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-300x199.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-768x509.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280.jpg 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The recent case of Lithuanian Railways provides yet another clarification on the scope of application of the Bronner case law. The Judgement of the CJEU reconfirms exceptional character of the Bronner case law and the type of situations it is intended to apply to. By doing so the CJEU potentially helps prevent future disputes of a similar nature in the […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 3. January 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/"><h2>On-platform Tying or Another Case of Leveraging- A Discussion on Facebook Marketplace</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 5"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640.png.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640-300x199.png.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="425" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640.png" alt="facebook, competition law, abuse of dominance, art. 102 TFEU, multisided platforms, dominant position, tying and bundling, unfair trading conditions, competition economics, european commission," decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640.png 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640-300x199.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> Just before 2022 ended the Commission sent a statement of objections to Meta regarding the potential abusive behaviour of Facebook. According to the statement of objections, Facebook may be engaging in (i) abusive tying practices with regard to Facebook Marketplace as users (i.e. consumers) that log into Facebook and are automatically also offered access to the Facebook Marketplace, without the […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 15. November 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/"><h2>Case C-721/20 – DB Station & Service – Can secondary legislation limit the private enforcement of art. 102 TFEU?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 6"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640.jpg.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640-300x225.jpg.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="480" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640.jpg" alt="abuse of dominance, competition law, art. 102 TFEU, railways, regulation, DMA, excessive pricing, unfair pricing, private enforcement, stand alone claims" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640.jpg 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640-300x225.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> Last month the CJEU delivered an interesting ruling on the scope of application of art. 102 TFEU when dealing with excessive or unfair prices in the railway sector. A first reading of the final conclusion of the CJEU would give the impression that the scope of application of art. 102 TFEU is being unduly restricted with this case by making […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 27. October 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/"><h2>Opinion of AG Kokott in Case-449/21 (Towercast): filling gaps in EU merger control and creating new routes for dealing with killer acquisitions through the DMA </h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 7"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640.jpg.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640-300x200.jpg.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="427" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640.jpg" alt="tv broadcasting; competition law; art. 102 TFEU; antitrust; merger control" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640.jpg 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640-300x200.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> Earlier this month AG Kokott delivered an opinion that quickly caught the attention of the (EU) competition law community. It covered a matter which has long been left unaddressed after the introduction of EU (and national) merger control rules, namely the possibility to apply art. 102 TFEU to concentrations. According to AG Kokott, this possibility, which has been thought to […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 1. April 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Friso Bostoen</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/"><h2>The French judgment on Google’s Play Store: a shift towards platform exploitation?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/"><img width="750" height="393" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-1024x536.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Competition Blogs - The French judgment on" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-300x157.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-768x402.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px" title="Competition Blogs 8"></a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> On 28 March 2022, the Commercial Court of Paris fined Google €2 million for the imbalanced terms and conditions of its Play Store. While the fine is minimal, Google is also obliged to adapt those T&Cs, including the 30% fee—a much more far-reaching implication. Except for some news articles, the French judgment did not receive a lot of attention (which […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 8. March 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/"><h2>The DMA and EU competition law: complementing or cannibalizing enforcement?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/"><img width="750" height="393" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-1024x536.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Competition Blogs - 2" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-300x157.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-768x402.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px" title="Competition Blogs 9"></a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The proposal of the DMA signals a significant change with respect to the application and enforcement of EU competition policy to online platforms. Despite the clear synergy between the two frameworks, the European Commission insists that the DMA is introduced with the idea of complementing, rather than replacing, the enforcement of EU competition law in the case of online platforms. […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 6. April 2021  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/"><h2>Online platforms and the essential facility doctrine – a status update following Slovak Telekom and the DMA</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 10"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-1024x768.jpg.webp 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-300x225.jpg.webp 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-768x576.jpg.webp 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280.jpg.webp 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> <img width="750" height="563" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-1024x768.jpg" alt="competition law, art. 102 tfeu, online platforms, data sharing, refusal to supply" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-300x225.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-768x576.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280.jpg 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The recent judgment of the CJEU in Slovak Telekom provides important guidance on the application of the Bronner case law in cases concerning abusive market access obstacles. Such guidance is of particular value in the context of online platforms, where issues of access have been considered being unsolvable because of the stringent criteria of the refusal to supply case law. […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pagination-area"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/page/2/?filter_tag=325" >Next Page »</a> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="authors"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="staff_item"> <div class="staff_image" style="background-image:url()!important;"> <picture class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" decoding="async"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Copy-of-CoRe-Blog-editor.png.webp"/> <img width="100" height="100" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Copy-of-CoRe-Blog-editor.png" alt="" decoding="async"/> </picture> </div> <div class="staff_desc"> <div class="desc_top_staff"> Anja Naumann </div> <div class="desc_content"> <p>Blog Editor</p> <p>LL.M., PhD, currently legal trainee at the Higher Regional Court of Berlin.</p> <p><a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/speaker/anja-naumann-core-blog-editor/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">>> Anja’s CoRe Blog posts >></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="staff_item"> <div class="staff_image" style="background-image:url()!important;"> <picture class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" decoding="async"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/DSC_6422-1_300dpi_Farbanpassung-150x150.jpg.webp"/> <img width="150" height="150" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/DSC_6422-1_300dpi_Farbanpassung-150x150.jpg" alt="" decoding="async"/> </picture> </div> <div class="staff_desc"> <div class="desc_top_staff"> Daniel Mandrescu </div> <div class="desc_content"> <span style="vertical-align: inherit"><span style="vertical-align: inherit">Blog editor</span></span> <span style="vertical-align: inherit"><span style="vertical-align: inherit">Assistant Professor EU competition law, Europa Institute, Leiden University</span></span> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/speaker/daniel-mandrescu-core-blog-editor/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span style="vertical-align: inherit"><span style="vertical-align: inherit">>> Daniel's CoRe blog posts >></span></span></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="staff_item"> <div class="staff_image" style="background-image:url()!important;"> <picture class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" decoding="async"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Friso-Bostoen-1.jpg-150x150.png.webp"/> <img width="150" height="150" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Friso-Bostoen-1.jpg-150x150.png" alt="" decoding="async"/> </picture> </div> <div class="staff_desc"> <div class="desc_top_staff"> Friso Bostoen </div> <div class="desc_content"> <p><strong>Blog Editor</strong></p> <p>Assistant Professor of Competition Law and Digital Regulation, Tilburg University</p> <p>Friso Bostoen is an assistant professor of competition law and digital regulation at Tilburg University. Previously, he was a Max Weber Fellow at the European University Institute. He holds degrees from KU Leuven (PhD, LLM) and Harvard University (LLM). Friso’s research focuses on antitrust enforcement in digital markets. His work has resulted in numerous international publications, presentations, and awards (including the AdC Competition Policy Award 2019 and the Concurrences PhD Award 2022). In addition, Friso edits the CoRe Blog and hosts the Monopoly Attack podcast.</p> <p><a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/speaker/friso-bostoen-core-blog-editor/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">>> Friso’s CoRe Blog posts >></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="staff_item"> <div class="staff_image" style="background-image:url()!important;"> </div> <div class="staff_desc"> <div class="desc_top_staff"> Nelly Stratieva </div> <div class="desc_content"> <p><strong>Head of Editorial Department and Data Protection Officer</strong></p> <p>Responsible for EStAL (European State Aid Law Quarterly), EPPPL (European Public Private Partnership Law Review) and CoRe (European Competition and Regulatory Law Review). Overseeing Lexxion Publisher’s privacy and data protection compliance.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="staff_item"> <div class="staff_image" style="background-image:url()!important;"> </div> <div class="staff_desc"> <div class="desc_top_staff"> Parsa Tonkaboni </div> <div class="desc_content"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="staff_item"> <div class="staff_image" style="background-image:url()!important;"> <picture class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" decoding="async"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Rita_Paukste-150x150.jpg.webp 150w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Rita_Paukste.jpg.webp 190w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px"/> <img width="150" height="150" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Rita_Paukste-150x150.jpg" alt="Picture Rita Paukste" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Rita_Paukste-150x150.jpg 150w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Rita_Paukste.jpg 190w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px"/> </picture> </div> <div class="staff_desc"> <div class="desc_top_staff"> Rita Paukste </div> <div class="desc_content"> <p>Former Blog Editor</p> <p>Senior Associate, Motieka & Audzevicius PLP, Vilnius</p> <p><a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/speaker/rita-paukste-core-blog-editor/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">>> Rita’s CoRe Blog posts >></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="case-digest"> <h2 class="blog-overview-hl"> - Article 102 TFEU <a class="close-cat" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/">×</a> </h2> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 18. March 2024  |   by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/"><h2>The Apple App Store – A New Kind of Hallmark Case</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 11"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739.jpg.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739-300x169.jpg.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="360" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739.jpg" alt="competition law, abuse of dominance, apple app store, the digital markets act" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739.jpg 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> After almost three years since the Commission sent Apple its statement of objections, which was significantly trimmed down, the Commission reached a finding of abuse for which it imposed a whopping fine of 1.8 billion euros. Alongside this case, Apple was also involved in an almost identical case running parallel in the Netherlands, with similar findings. Meanwhile, during these procedures, […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 7. November 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/"><h2>The ACM vs. Apple AppStore – A Second Chance To Get It Right</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 12"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1024x768.jpg.webp 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-300x225.jpg.webp 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-768x576.jpg.webp 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1536x1152.jpg.webp 1536w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-2048x1536.jpg.webp 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> <img width="750" height="563" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1024x768.jpg" alt="app store, apple, abuse of dominance, platforms, ACM, art. 102 TFEU." decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-300x225.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-768x576.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-2048x1536.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The Dutch case concerning the Apple App Store appears to make a (welcome) comeback. The case that started in 2019 came to a rather disappointing end in the summer of 2022 when the Dutch competition authority issued a public statement that gave the impression that it was satisfied with Apple’s adjustments to the App Store front in the Netherlands. This […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 12. September 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/"><h2>Microsoft III – Paving The Way To A Tying Trilogy?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 13"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640.png.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640-300x212.png.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="452" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640.png" alt="Microsoft teams antitrust claim, abuse of dominance, European commission" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640.png 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640-300x212.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> This summer the European commission (finally) announced it will start a formal investigation against Microsoft following Slack’s complaint concerning the (abusive) tying or bundling or Teams to the Microsoft and Office 365 suites. Not long after, Microsoft came out with an official statement concerning the changes in its pricing and distribution strategy of Teams it will introduce in order to […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 18. January 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/"><h2>Case C-42/21P Lithuanian Railways – another clarification on the Bronner case law and the non-exhaustive character of art. 102 TFEU</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 14"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-1024x678.jpg.webp 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-300x199.jpg.webp 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-768x509.jpg.webp 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280.jpg.webp 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> <img width="750" height="497" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-1024x678.jpg" alt="competition law, abuse of dominance, refusal to supply, Lithuanian railways, bronner, essential facility, art. 102 TFEU" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-300x199.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-768x509.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280.jpg 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The recent case of Lithuanian Railways provides yet another clarification on the scope of application of the Bronner case law. The Judgement of the CJEU reconfirms exceptional character of the Bronner case law and the type of situations it is intended to apply to. By doing so the CJEU potentially helps prevent future disputes of a similar nature in the […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 3. January 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/"><h2>On-platform Tying or Another Case of Leveraging- A Discussion on Facebook Marketplace</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 15"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640.png.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640-300x199.png.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="425" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640.png" alt="facebook, competition law, abuse of dominance, art. 102 TFEU, multisided platforms, dominant position, tying and bundling, unfair trading conditions, competition economics, european commission," decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640.png 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640-300x199.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> Just before 2022 ended the Commission sent a statement of objections to Meta regarding the potential abusive behaviour of Facebook. According to the statement of objections, Facebook may be engaging in (i) abusive tying practices with regard to Facebook Marketplace as users (i.e. consumers) that log into Facebook and are automatically also offered access to the Facebook Marketplace, without the […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 15. November 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/"><h2>Case C-721/20 – DB Station & Service – Can secondary legislation limit the private enforcement of art. 102 TFEU?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 16"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640.jpg.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640-300x225.jpg.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="480" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640.jpg" alt="abuse of dominance, competition law, art. 102 TFEU, railways, regulation, DMA, excessive pricing, unfair pricing, private enforcement, stand alone claims" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640.jpg 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640-300x225.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> Last month the CJEU delivered an interesting ruling on the scope of application of art. 102 TFEU when dealing with excessive or unfair prices in the railway sector. A first reading of the final conclusion of the CJEU would give the impression that the scope of application of art. 102 TFEU is being unduly restricted with this case by making […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 27. October 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/"><h2>Opinion of AG Kokott in Case-449/21 (Towercast): filling gaps in EU merger control and creating new routes for dealing with killer acquisitions through the DMA </h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 17"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640.jpg.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640-300x200.jpg.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="427" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640.jpg" alt="tv broadcasting; competition law; art. 102 TFEU; antitrust; merger control" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640.jpg 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640-300x200.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> Earlier this month AG Kokott delivered an opinion that quickly caught the attention of the (EU) competition law community. It covered a matter which has long been left unaddressed after the introduction of EU (and national) merger control rules, namely the possibility to apply art. 102 TFEU to concentrations. According to AG Kokott, this possibility, which has been thought to […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 1. April 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Friso Bostoen</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/"><h2>The French judgment on Google’s Play Store: a shift towards platform exploitation?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/"><img width="750" height="393" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-1024x536.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Competition Blogs - The French judgment on" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-300x157.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-768x402.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px" title="Competition Blogs 18"></a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> On 28 March 2022, the Commercial Court of Paris fined Google €2 million for the imbalanced terms and conditions of its Play Store. While the fine is minimal, Google is also obliged to adapt those T&Cs, including the 30% fee—a much more far-reaching implication. Except for some news articles, the French judgment did not receive a lot of attention (which […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 8. March 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/"><h2>The DMA and EU competition law: complementing or cannibalizing enforcement?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/"><img width="750" height="393" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-1024x536.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Competition Blogs - 2" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-300x157.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-768x402.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px" title="Competition Blogs 19"></a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The proposal of the DMA signals a significant change with respect to the application and enforcement of EU competition policy to online platforms. Despite the clear synergy between the two frameworks, the European Commission insists that the DMA is introduced with the idea of complementing, rather than replacing, the enforcement of EU competition law in the case of online platforms. […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 6. April 2021  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/"><h2>Online platforms and the essential facility doctrine – a status update following Slovak Telekom and the DMA</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 20"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-1024x768.jpg.webp 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-300x225.jpg.webp 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-768x576.jpg.webp 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280.jpg.webp 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> <img width="750" height="563" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-1024x768.jpg" alt="competition law, art. 102 tfeu, online platforms, data sharing, refusal to supply" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-300x225.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-768x576.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280.jpg 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The recent judgment of the CJEU in Slovak Telekom provides important guidance on the application of the Bronner case law in cases concerning abusive market access obstacles. Such guidance is of particular value in the context of online platforms, where issues of access have been considered being unsolvable because of the stringent criteria of the refusal to supply case law. […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pagination-area"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/page/2/?filter_tag=325" >Next Page »</a> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="features"> <h2 class="blog-overview-hl"> - Article 102 TFEU <a class="close-cat" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/">×</a> </h2> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 18. March 2024  |   by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/"><h2>The Apple App Store – A New Kind of Hallmark Case</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 21"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739.jpg.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739-300x169.jpg.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="360" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739.jpg" alt="competition law, abuse of dominance, apple app store, the digital markets act" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739.jpg 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/pexels-jonas-svidras-576739-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> After almost three years since the Commission sent Apple its statement of objections, which was significantly trimmed down, the Commission reached a finding of abuse for which it imposed a whopping fine of 1.8 billion euros. Alongside this case, Apple was also involved in an almost identical case running parallel in the Netherlands, with similar findings. Meanwhile, during these procedures, […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-apple-app-store-a-new-kind-of-hallmark-case/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 7. November 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/"><h2>The ACM vs. Apple AppStore – A Second Chance To Get It Right</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 22"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1024x768.jpg.webp 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-300x225.jpg.webp 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-768x576.jpg.webp 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1536x1152.jpg.webp 1536w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-2048x1536.jpg.webp 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> <img width="750" height="563" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1024x768.jpg" alt="app store, apple, abuse of dominance, platforms, ACM, art. 102 TFEU." decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-300x225.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-768x576.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/pexels-brett-jordan-5444435-2048x1536.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The Dutch case concerning the Apple App Store appears to make a (welcome) comeback. The case that started in 2019 came to a rather disappointing end in the summer of 2022 when the Dutch competition authority issued a public statement that gave the impression that it was satisfied with Apple’s adjustments to the App Store front in the Netherlands. This […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-acm-vs-apple-appstore-a-second-chance-at-getting-it-right/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 12. September 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/"><h2>Microsoft III – Paving The Way To A Tying Trilogy?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 23"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640.png.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640-300x212.png.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="452" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640.png" alt="Microsoft teams antitrust claim, abuse of dominance, European commission" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640.png 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/office-1356793_640-300x212.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> This summer the European commission (finally) announced it will start a formal investigation against Microsoft following Slack’s complaint concerning the (abusive) tying or bundling or Teams to the Microsoft and Office 365 suites. Not long after, Microsoft came out with an official statement concerning the changes in its pricing and distribution strategy of Teams it will introduce in order to […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/microsoft-iii-paving-the-way-to-a-tying-trilogy/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 18. January 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/"><h2>Case C-42/21P Lithuanian Railways – another clarification on the Bronner case law and the non-exhaustive character of art. 102 TFEU</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 24"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-1024x678.jpg.webp 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-300x199.jpg.webp 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-768x509.jpg.webp 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280.jpg.webp 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> <img width="750" height="497" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-1024x678.jpg" alt="competition law, abuse of dominance, refusal to supply, Lithuanian railways, bronner, essential facility, art. 102 TFEU" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-300x199.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280-768x509.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/train-gf1b1a611c_1280.jpg 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The recent case of Lithuanian Railways provides yet another clarification on the scope of application of the Bronner case law. The Judgement of the CJEU reconfirms exceptional character of the Bronner case law and the type of situations it is intended to apply to. By doing so the CJEU potentially helps prevent future disputes of a similar nature in the […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-42-21p-lithuanian-railways-another-clarification-on-the-bronner-case-law-and-the-non-exhaustive-character-of-art-102-tfeu/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 3. January 2023  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/"><h2>On-platform Tying or Another Case of Leveraging- A Discussion on Facebook Marketplace</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 25"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640.png.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640-300x199.png.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="425" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640.png" alt="facebook, competition law, abuse of dominance, art. 102 TFEU, multisided platforms, dominant position, tying and bundling, unfair trading conditions, competition economics, european commission," decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640.png 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/facebook-g854e84260_640-300x199.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> Just before 2022 ended the Commission sent a statement of objections to Meta regarding the potential abusive behaviour of Facebook. According to the statement of objections, Facebook may be engaging in (i) abusive tying practices with regard to Facebook Marketplace as users (i.e. consumers) that log into Facebook and are automatically also offered access to the Facebook Marketplace, without the […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/on-platform-tying-or-another-case-of-leveraging-what-to-do-with-facebook-marketplace/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 15. November 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/"><h2>Case C-721/20 – DB Station & Service – Can secondary legislation limit the private enforcement of art. 102 TFEU?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 26"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640.jpg.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640-300x225.jpg.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="480" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640.jpg" alt="abuse of dominance, competition law, art. 102 TFEU, railways, regulation, DMA, excessive pricing, unfair pricing, private enforcement, stand alone claims" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640.jpg 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/rail-g3168823ed_640-300x225.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> Last month the CJEU delivered an interesting ruling on the scope of application of art. 102 TFEU when dealing with excessive or unfair prices in the railway sector. A first reading of the final conclusion of the CJEU would give the impression that the scope of application of art. 102 TFEU is being unduly restricted with this case by making […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/case-c-721-20-db-station-service-can-secondary-legislation-limit-the-private-enforcement-of-art-102-tfeu/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 27. October 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/"><h2>Opinion of AG Kokott in Case-449/21 (Towercast): filling gaps in EU merger control and creating new routes for dealing with killer acquisitions through the DMA </h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 27"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640.jpg.webp 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640-300x200.jpg.webp 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> <img width="640" height="427" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640.jpg" alt="tv broadcasting; competition law; art. 102 TFEU; antitrust; merger control" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640.jpg 640w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/broadcast-gb7d708999_640-300x200.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> Earlier this month AG Kokott delivered an opinion that quickly caught the attention of the (EU) competition law community. It covered a matter which has long been left unaddressed after the introduction of EU (and national) merger control rules, namely the possibility to apply art. 102 TFEU to concentrations. According to AG Kokott, this possibility, which has been thought to […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/opinion-of-ag-kokott-in-case-449-21-towercast-filling-gaps-in-eu-merger-control-and-creating-new-routes-for-dealing-with-killer-acquisitions-through-the-dma/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 1. April 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Friso Bostoen</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/"><h2>The French judgment on Google’s Play Store: a shift towards platform exploitation?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/"><img width="750" height="393" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-1024x536.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Competition Blogs - The French judgment on" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-300x157.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on-768x402.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/The-French-judgment-on.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px" title="Competition Blogs 28"></a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> On 28 March 2022, the Commercial Court of Paris fined Google €2 million for the imbalanced terms and conditions of its Play Store. While the fine is minimal, Google is also obliged to adapt those T&Cs, including the 30% fee—a much more far-reaching implication. Except for some news articles, the French judgment did not receive a lot of attention (which […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/french-judgment-google-play-store/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 8. March 2022  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/"><h2>The DMA and EU competition law: complementing or cannibalizing enforcement?</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/"><img width="750" height="393" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-1024x536.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Competition Blogs - 2" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-300x157.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2-768x402.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px" title="Competition Blogs 29"></a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The proposal of the DMA signals a significant change with respect to the application and enforcement of EU competition policy to online platforms. Despite the clear synergy between the two frameworks, the European Commission insists that the DMA is introduced with the idea of complementing, rather than replacing, the enforcement of EU competition law in the case of online platforms. […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/the-dma-and-eu-competition-law-complementing-or-cannibalizing-enforcement/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-item"> <div class="post-header"> <div class="post_date"> 6. April 2021  |   <span class='state-aid feature ebg'>Features</span> by <span class='sbc'>Daniel Mandrescu</span> </div> </div> <div class="post-title"> <a class="efc" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/"><h2>Online platforms and the essential facility doctrine – a status update following Slovak Telekom and the DMA</h2></a> </div> <div class="post-content row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/"><picture class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" decoding="async" title="Competition Blogs 30"> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-1024x768.jpg.webp 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-300x225.jpg.webp 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-768x576.jpg.webp 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280.jpg.webp 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> <img width="750" height="563" src="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-1024x768.jpg" alt="competition law, art. 102 tfeu, online platforms, data sharing, refusal to supply" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-300x225.jpg 300w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280-768x576.jpg 768w, https://www.lexxion.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/parts-257161_1280.jpg 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"/> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="expert"> The recent judgment of the CJEU in Slovak Telekom provides important guidance on the application of the Bronner case law in cases concerning abusive market access obstacles. Such guidance is of particular value in the context of online platforms, where issues of access have been considered being unsolvable because of the stringent criteria of the refusal to supply case law. […] </div> <div class="expert-bottom"> <a class="right ebb" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/"> read more </a> <div class="left"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/coreblogpost/online-platforms-and-the-essential-facility-doctrine-a-status-update-following-slovak-telekom-and-the-dma/#comments">No Comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pagination-area"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/page/2/?filter_tag=325" >Next Page »</a> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="submit"> <div class="content_submit_guest"> <h3><strong>How to Submit a Blog Post</strong></h3> <p>Do you want to share your analysis of a competition law topic? We invite you to submit your post on, for example: recent European, national or international judgments or legislation with relevance to EU competition law; new developments, publications, hot topics in EU competition law. The recommended length of the post is <strong>500-2,000 words incl. references (endnotes)</strong>. Your analysis will be published under the category ‘Guest Blog’.</p> <p>Here’s how you can publish a post on the Blog as a guest author:</p> <p><strong>Step 1</strong>: Submit your draft.</p> <p><strong>Step 2</strong>: We at Lexxion will review your draft to make sure its content and quality fit the blog. If needed, they will suggest what improvements you should make.</p> <p><strong>Step 3</strong>: Once your draft has been finalised and accepted, we will publish your post.</p> <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#abc8c4d9cec9c7c4ccebc7ced3d3c2c4c585cede" id="order_now_button" class=" sbc sbb order_now_button" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Submit your guest blog post</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 lexx-sidebar" id="sidebar_inh"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/insider/" class="blog_subscribe rrr" target="_blank"> <span class="sample_r_icon"></span> <span class="sample_r_word"> Subscribe now! </span> </a> <form class="search-form" action="/suche/" method="get"> <input type="text" class="search-input" name="s" placeholder="Search"> <input class="search-submit" id="searchsubmit" value="Search" type="submit"> <input type="hidden" value="1" name="coreblog"> </form> <h3>Categories</h3> <div class="categories"> <ul> <li> <a class="" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/?filter_cat=61&filter_tag=325">Case Digests  </a> </li> <li> <a class="" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/?filter_cat=62&filter_tag=325">CoRe News  </a> </li> <li> <a class="" href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/?filter_cat=63&filter_tag=325">Features  </a> </li> </ul> </div> <h3>Tags</h3> <div class="tags"> <div class="tags"> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/?filter_tag=328" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-328 tag-link-position-1" style="font-size: 16.279569892473pt;">EU competition law</a> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/?filter_tag=321" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-321 tag-link-position-2" style="font-size: 16.279569892473pt;">Abuse of dominance</a> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/?filter_tag=325" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-325 tag-link-position-3" style="font-size: 16.279569892473pt;">Article 102 TFEU</a> <a href="https://www.lexxion.eu/en/core-blog/?filter_tag=323" 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