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</header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compositions_des_hiraganas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Compositions des hiraganas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compositions_des_hiraganas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tableau_des_hiraganas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tableau_des_hiraganas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tableau des hiraganas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tableau_des_hiraganas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ordre_de_classement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ordre_de_classement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ordre de classement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ordre_de_classement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sens_d'écriture_des_hiraganas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sens_d'écriture_des_hiraganas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sens d'écriture des hiraganas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sens_d'écriture_des_hiraganas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Origines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hiragana</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 92 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="هيراغانا – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيراغانا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="هيراجانا – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هيراجانا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiraqana" title="Hiraqana – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hiraqana" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Хірагана – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хірагана" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Хирагана – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хирагана" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="হিরাগানা – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হিরাগানা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ACng_G%C4%81-mi%C3%A0ng" title="Bìng Gā-miàng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Bìng Gā-miàng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ھیراگانا – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھیراگانا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – tatar de Crimée" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tatar de Crimée" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Χιραγκάνα – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χιραγκάνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rondaj_kanaoj" title="Rondaj kanaoj – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rondaj kanaoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="هیراگانا – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هیراگانا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – mannois" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%94" title="היראגאנה – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="היראגאנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="हिरागाना – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हिरागाना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Հիրագանա – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հիրագանա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E4%BB%AE%E5%90%8D" title="平仮名 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="平仮名" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ჰირაგანა – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰირაგანა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huruf_Hiragana" title="Huruf Hiragana – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Huruf Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%B6" title="ហ៊ីរ៉ាហ្កាណា – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ហ៊ីរ៉ាហ្កាណា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9E%88%EB%9D%BC%EA%B0%80%EB%82%98" title="히라가나 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="히라가나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Хирагана – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хирагана" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8" title="ഹിരഗാന – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹിരഗാന" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Хирагана – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хирагана" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9B%E1%80%82%E1%80%94" title="ဟိရဂန – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟိရဂန" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਹੀਰਾਗਾਨਾ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹੀਰਾਗਾਨਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Хирагана – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хирагана" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – sarde" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – écossais" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – same du Nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="same du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F" title="හිරගනා – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හිරගනා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – same d’Inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="same d’Inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Хирагана – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хирагана" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kana_(skriftsystem)#Hiragana" title="Kana (skriftsystem) – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kana (skriftsystem)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="ஹிரகனா எழுத்துக்கள் – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஹிரகனா எழுத்துக்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0" title="ฮิรางานะ – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฮิรางานะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Хіраґана – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хіраґана" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ہیراگانا – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہیراگانا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%81%87%E5%90%8D" title="平假名 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="平假名" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%81%87%E5%90%8D" title="平假名 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="平假名" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%81%87%E5%90%8D" title="平假名 – chinois littéraire" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="平假名" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="chinois littéraire" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hiragana" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%81%87%E5%90%8D" title="平假名 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="平假名" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q48332#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox_v2 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="entete defaut" style="background-color:#E1E1E1;color:black;">Hiragana </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fichier:Hiragana_origin.svg&lang=fr" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Image illustrative de l’article Hiragana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Hiragana_origin.svg/langfr-150px-Hiragana_origin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Hiragana_origin.svg/langfr-225px-Hiragana_origin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Hiragana_origin.svg/langfr-300px-Hiragana_origin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="288" /></a></span> <br />Développement des hiraganas à partir des man'yōgana. </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#E1E1E1; color:#000000">Caractéristiques</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Langue<small>(s)</small> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Japonais" title="Japonais">Japonais</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#E1E1E1; color:#000000">Historique</th></tr> <tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #AAAAAA solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color: inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&section=0"><span class="infodoc">modifier</span></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Syst%C3%A8me_d%27%C3%A9criture" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>Les <b>hiraganas</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">平仮名, ひらがな</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>, <span title="Information complémentaire">littéralement « <a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">kanas</a> lisses »</span>)</span> sont un <a href="/wiki/Syllabe" title="Syllabe">syllabaire</a> <a href="/wiki/Japonais" title="Japonais">japonais</a> et une des quatre <a href="/wiki/%C3%89critures_du_japonais" title="Écritures du japonais">écritures du japonais</a> avec les <a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">katakanas</a>, les <a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dmajis" class="mw-redirect" title="Rōmajis">rōmajis</a> et les <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanjis</a>. </p><p>Ils ont été formés par abréviation cursive de <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanjis</a> homophones. Ils permettent de transcrire la langue japonaise sans ambigüité, au contraire des kanjis. En effet, chaque hiragana représente une syllabe (techniquement, une <a href="/wiki/More_(phonologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="More (phonologie)">more</a>) qui peut être une voyelle seule (comme あ = <i>a</i>) ou une consonne suivie d'une voyelle (comme か = <i>ka</i>) ; il y a également le <i>n</i> syllabique (ん), dont la prononciation varie en fonction de la syllabe qui le suit<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utilisations">Utilisations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Utilisations" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Utilisations"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les hiraganas permettent d'écrire : </p> <ul><li>les mots japonais auxquels ne correspond aucun <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanji</a>, par exemple les particules telles que <span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">から</span> (<i>kara</i>) et les suffixes tels que さん (<i>-san</i>) ;</li> <li>les particules grammaticales ;</li> <li>les mots japonais dont l'écriture en kanji est soit inconnue de l'auteur ou d'une partie du lectorat, soit jugée trop formelle ou trop difficile (nombre très important de traits) ;</li> <li>les <i><a href="/wiki/Okurigana" title="Okurigana">okurigana</a></i>, notamment les <a href="/wiki/Morph%C3%A8me" title="Morphème">morphèmes</a> grammaticaux, par exemple dans <span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">食べました</span> (<i>tabemashita</i>) qui vient du verbe au temps présent 食べる (<i>taberu</i>)</li> <li>les <i><a href="/wiki/Furigana" title="Furigana">furigana</a></i>, kanas écrits en petit à côté de <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanjis</a> (en haut ou à droite selon le sens d'écriture) pour en indiquer la prononciation, fréquents dans les écrits destinés au jeune public (<a href="/wiki/Light_novel" title="Light novel">light novel</a> ...) ou pour les caractères rares.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compositions_des_hiraganas">Compositions des hiraganas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Compositions des hiraganas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Compositions des hiraganas"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les hiraganas consistent en un ensemble de caractères fondamentaux, les <i><a href="/wiki/Goj%C5%ABon" title="Gojūon">gojūon</a></i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">五十音</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>, <span title="Information complémentaire">littéralement « cinquante sons », bien qu'il n'en subsiste aujourd'hui que 46</span>)</span>, qui peuvent être modifiés comme suit : </p> <ul><li>l'ajout d'un <i><a href="/wiki/Diacritiques_des_syllabaires_japonais" title="Diacritiques des syllabaires japonais">dakuten</a></i> (゛) transforme une <a href="/wiki/Consonne_obstruante" title="Consonne obstruante">consonne obstruante</a> en <a href="/wiki/Consonne_sonante" title="Consonne sonante">consonne sonante</a> : <i>k</i>→<i>g</i>, <i>t</i>→<i>d</i>, <i>s</i>→<i>z</i> et <i>h</i>→<i>b</i> ; dans des écrits informels, en particulier dans les <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">mangas</a>, on utilise parfois le <i>dakuten</i> sur des voyelles pour noter un son étranglé ;</li> <li>l'ajout d'un <i><a href="/wiki/Diacritiques_des_syllabaires_japonais" title="Diacritiques des syllabaires japonais">handakuten</a></i> (゜) transforme le <i>h</i> en <i>p</i> ;</li> <li>l'ajout d'une version réduite de l'hiragana <i>ya</i>, <i>yu</i> ou <i>yo</i> (respectivement ゃ, ゅ ou ょ) transforme la voyelle <i>i</i> qui la précède en la <a href="/wiki/Palatalisation" title="Palatalisation">palatalisant</a> ;</li> <li>un petit っ indique une consonne <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9mination" title="Gémination">géminée</a>, ce qui ne peut apparaître qu'avant une fricative ou un <a href="/wiki/Coup_de_glotte" title="Coup de glotte">coup de glotte</a> ; il est représenté en <i><a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dmaji" title="Rōmaji">rōmaji</a></i> en doublant la consonne qui le suit ; dans des écrits informels, il est aussi utilisé en fin de mot pour indiquer une articulation dure ou hachée, pour exprimer de la colère ou de l'émoi par exemple.</li></ul> <p>Il est possible de représenter d'autres sons à l'aide de hiraganas en utilisant des petites versions des cinq voyelles (ぁ, ぃ, ぅ, ぇ, ぉ). On les utilise, surtout dans un contexte informel, pour représenter des sons qui s'estompent petit à petit (はぁ, ねぇ). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tableau_des_hiraganas">Tableau des hiraganas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Tableau des hiraganas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Tableau des hiraganas"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le kana est suivi de sa transcription <i><a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dmaji" title="Rōmaji">rōmaji</a></i> selon la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9thode_Hepburn" title="Méthode Hepburn">méthode Hepburn</a>.<br /> Les prononciations en <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r216721247">.mw-parser-output .texte-bleu{color:var(--color-progressive,#002bb8)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-day .mw-parser-output .texte-bleu{color:#002bb8}</style><span class="texte-bleu">bleu</span> sont les notations <a href="/wiki/Alphabet_phon%C3%A9tique_international" title="Alphabet phonétique international">API</a> phonologiques.<br /> Les prononciations en <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r216721240">.mw-parser-output .texte-vert{color:var(--color-success,#008000)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-day .mw-parser-output .texte-vert{color:#008000}</style><span class="texte-vert">vert</span> sont les notations API phonétiques.<br /> Les kanas marqués en <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r216721251">.mw-parser-output .texte-rouge{color:var(--color-destructive,#ff0000)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-day .mw-parser-output .texte-rouge{color:#ff0000}</style><span class="texte-rouge">rouge</span> ne sont plus utilisés aujourd'hui. </p> <table border="0" cellspacing="2px" cellpadding="2px"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#EFEFFF" valign="top" align="center"> <th width="20%"><b>あ</b> a <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/a/</span> <font color="green">[a]</font></th> <th width="20%"><b>い</b> i <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/i/</span> <font color="green">[i]</font></th> <th width="20%"><b>う</b> u <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/u/</span> <font color="green">[ɯ]</font></th> <th width="20%"><b>え</b> e <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/e/</span> <font color="green">[e]</font></th> <th width="20%"><b>お</b> o <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ɔ/</span> <font color="green">[ɔ]</font> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFFF" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>か</b> ka <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ka/</span> <font color="green">[ka]</font></td> <td><b>き</b> ki <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ki/</span> <font color="green">[ki]</font></td> <td><b>く</b> ku <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ku/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">kɯ</span>]</font></td> <td><b>け</b> ke <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ke/</span> <font color="green">[ke]</font></td> <td><b>こ</b> ko <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/kɔ/</span> <font color="green">[kɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFFF" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>さ</b> sa <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/sa/</span> <font color="green">[sa]</font></td> <td><b>し</b> shi <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɕi]</font></td> <td><b>す</b> su <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/su/</span> <font color="green">[sɯ]</font></td> <td><b>せ</b> se <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/se/</span> <font color="green">[se]</font></td> <td><b>そ</b> so <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/sɔ/</span> <font color="green">[sɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFFF" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>た</b> ta <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ta/</span> <font color="green">[ta]</font></td> <td><b>ち</b> chi <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[t͡ɕi]</font></td> <td><b>つ</b> tsu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[tsɯ]</font></td> <td><b>て</b> te <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/te/</span> <font color="green">[te]</font></td> <td><b>と</b> to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/tɔ/</span> <font color="green">[tɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFFF" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>な</b> na <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/na/</span> <font color="green">[na]</font></td> <td><b>に</b> ni <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ni/</span> <font color="green">[ni]</font></td> <td><b>ぬ</b> nu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/nu/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">nɯ</span>]</font></td> <td><b>ね</b> ne <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ne/</span> <font color="green">[ne]</font></td> <td><b>の</b> no <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/nɔ?/</span> <font color="green">[nɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFFF" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>は</b> ha <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ha/</span> <font color="green">[ha]</font></td> <td><b>ひ</b> hi <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/hi/</span> <font color="green">[çi]</font></td> <td><b>ふ</b> fu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɸɯ]</font></td> <td><b>へ</b> he <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/he/</span> <font color="green">[he]</font></td> <td><b>ほ</b> ho <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/hɔ/</span> <font color="green">[hɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFFF" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>ま</b> ma <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ma/</span> <font color="green">[ma]</font></td> <td><b>み</b> mi <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/mi/</span> <font color="green">[mi]</font></td> <td><b>む</b> mu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/mu/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">mɯ</span>]</font></td> <td><b>め</b> me <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/me/</span> <font color="green">[me]</font></td> <td><b>も</b> mo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/mɔ/</span> <font color="green">[mɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFFF" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>や</b> ya <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ja/</span> <font color="green">[ja]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9"></td> <td><b>ゆ</b> yu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ju/</span> <font color="green">[jɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9"></td> <td><b>よ</b> yo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/jɔ/</span> <font color="green">[jɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFFF" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>ら</b> ra <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ra/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɺa</span>]</font></td> <td><b>り</b> ri <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ri/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɺi</span>]</font></td> <td><b>る</b> ru <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ru/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɺɯ</span>]</font></td> <td><b>れ</b> re <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/re/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɺe</span>]</font></td> <td><b>ろ</b> ro <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/rɔ/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɺɔ</span>]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFFF" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>わ</b> wa <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/wa/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɰa</span>]</font> </td> <td><font color="red"><b>ゐ</b> wi <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɰi</span>]</font></font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9"> </td> <td><font color="red"><b>ゑ</b> we <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɰe</span>]</font> </font></td> <td><b>を</b> wo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɰɔ]</font> ou <font color="green">[ɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFFF" valign="top" align="center"> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="4"></td> <td><b>ん</b> n </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>が</b> ga <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ga/</span> <font color="green">[ga]</font></td> <td><b>ぎ</b> gi <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/gi/</span> <font color="green">[gi]</font></td> <td><b>ぐ</b> gu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/gu/</span> <font color="green">[gɯ]</font></td> <td><b>げ</b> ge <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ge/</span> <font color="green">[ge]</font></td> <td><b>ご</b> go <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/gɔ/</span> <font color="green">[gɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>ざ</b> za <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/za/</span> <font color="green">[za]</font></td> <td><b>じ</b> ji <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ʑi</span>]</font></td> <td><b>ず</b> zu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/zu/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">zɯ</span>]</font></td> <td><b>ぜ</b> ze <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ze/</span> <font color="green">[ze]</font></td> <td><b>ぞ</b> zo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/zɔ/</span> <font color="green">[zɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>だ</b> da <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/da/</span> <font color="green">[da]</font></td> <td><b>ぢ</b> ji (di) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɟʑi</span>]</font></td> <td><b>づ</b> zu (du) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">zɯ</span>]</font> ou <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">dzɯ</span>]</font></td> <td><b>で</b> de <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/de/</span> <font color="green">[de]</font></td> <td><b>ど</b> do <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/dɔ/</span> <font color="green">[dɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>ば</b> ba <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/ba/</span> <font color="green">[ba]</font></td> <td><b>び</b> bi <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/bi/</span> <font color="green">[bi]</font></td> <td><b>ぶ</b> bu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/bu/</span> <font color="green">[<span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">bɯ</span>]</font></td> <td><b>べ</b> be <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/be/</span> <font color="green">[be]</font></td> <td><b>ぼ</b> bo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/bɔ/</span> <font color="green">[bɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>ぱ</b> pa <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/pa/</span> <font color="green">[pa]</font></td> <td><b>ぴ</b> pi <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/pi/</span> <font color="green">[pi]</font></td> <td><b>ぷ</b> pu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/pu/</span> <font color="green">[pɯ]</font></td> <td><b>ぺ</b> pe <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/pe/</span> <font color="green">[pe]</font></td> <td><b>ぽ</b> po <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/pɔ/</span> <font color="green">[pɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F3F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>きゃ</b> kya <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[kʲa]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>きゅ</b> kyu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[kʲɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>きょ</b> kyo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[kʲɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F3F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>ぎゃ</b> gya <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɡʲa]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>ぎゅ</b> gyu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɡʲɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>ぎょ</b> gyo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɡʲɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F3F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>しゃ</b> sha <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɕa]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>しゅ</b> shu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɕɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>しょ</b> sho <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɕɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F3F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>じゃ</b> ja <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɟʑa]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>じゅ</b> ju <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɟʑɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>じょ</b> jo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɟʑɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F3F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>ちゃ</b> cha <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[tɕa]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>ちゅ</b> chu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[tɕɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>ちょ</b> cho <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[tɕɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F3F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>にゃ</b> nya <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ȵa]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>にゅ</b> nyu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ȵɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>にょ</b> nyo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ȵɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F3F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>ひゃ</b> hya <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ça]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>ひゅ</b> hyu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[çɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>ひょ</b> hyo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[çɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F3F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>びゃ</b> bya <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[bʲa]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>びゅ</b> byu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[bʲɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>びょ</b> byo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[bʲɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F3F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>ぴゃ</b> pya <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[pʲa]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>ぴゅ</b> pyu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[pʲɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>ぴょ</b> pyo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[pʲɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F3F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>みゃ</b> mya <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[mʲa]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>みゅ</b> myu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[mʲɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>みょ</b> myo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[mʲɔ]</font> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F3F5DE" valign="top" align="center"> <td><b>りゃ</b> rya <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɺʲa]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>りゅ</b> ryu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɺʲɯ]</font></td> <td bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="1"> </td> <td><b>りょ</b> ryo <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216721247"><span class="texte-bleu">/?/</span> <font color="green">[ɺʲɔ]</font> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>L'allongement de la voyelle pour la série de kanas avec <i>o</i> ou <i>u</i> se fait à l'aide du kana う (u) ; exemple : とうきょう = <i>Tōkyō</i>, sauf dans quelques mots où l'on redouble le kana お (o) ; ex : おおきい = <i>ōkī</i> (grand). Il s'agit en fait d'anciens <i>owo</i>. </p><p>L'allongement de la voyelle pour la série de kanas avec <i>i</i> ou <i>e</i> se fait à l'aide du kana い (i) comme pour 先生 transcrit avec des hiraganas en せんせい = <i>sensei</i>. Ici, il ne faut donc pas prononcer « sénséï » mais « sénsé » avec la <abbr class="abbr" title="Deuxième">2<sup>e</sup></abbr> syllabe allongée. </p><p>L'allongement de la voyelle pour la série de kanas avec <i>a</i> se fait à l'aide de あ (a), pas de surprise ici. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ordre_de_classement">Ordre de classement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Ordre de classement" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Ordre de classement"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'ordre des <i>gojūon</i> (les kanas de base) est important puisque c'est aujourd'hui l'ordre le plus utilisé pour le classement dans les dictionnaires, les annuaires téléphoniques, etc., au <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a>. On trouve encore parfois l'ordre traditionnel <i><a href="/wiki/Iroha" title="Iroha">Iroha</a></i>, du nom du poème pangramme qui en donne l'ordre. </p><p>Les kanas avec des <a href="/wiki/Diacritiques_des_syllabaires_japonais" title="Diacritiques des syllabaires japonais">diacritiques</a> ou de petit format sont assimilés aux kanas de base pour le classement. Si deux mots ont les mêmes kanas de base, la priorité est donnée au kana simple, puis à celui avec le diacritique <i>dakuten</i>, puis à celui avec le diacritique <i>handakuten</i>, puis à celui de petite taille. Les <a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">katakanas</a> et les hiraganas sont traités de la même façon pour le classement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sens_d'écriture_des_hiraganas"><span id="Sens_d.27.C3.A9criture_des_hiraganas"></span>Sens d'écriture des hiraganas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Sens d'écriture des hiraganas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Sens d'écriture des hiraganas"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les hiraganas, ainsi que les <a href="/wiki/Sinogramme" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinogramme">caractères chinois</a>, ont un sens d'écriture défini. Ordre d'écriture des traits qui prend son importance lors de l'écriture manuscrite et la <a href="/wiki/Calligraphie" title="Calligraphie">calligraphie</a> japonaise. Sur la table qui suit, l'ordre des traits est numéroté et le sens du tracé indiqué par une flèche. </p><p>Cette table classe les caractères hiragana en fonction de leur voyelle en colonne et de leur consonnes en ligne. Elle se lit traditionnellement colonne par colonne de droite à gauche. Chaque colonne est lue de haut en bas, ce qui donne ; a-i-u-e-o, ka-ki-ku-ke-ko, <abbr class="abbr" title="et cetera">etc.</abbr> </p><p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Table_hiragana.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tableau montrant le sens d'écriture des hiraganas."><img alt="Tableau montrant le sens d'écriture des hiraganas." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Table_hiragana.svg/768px-Table_hiragana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="768" height="464" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Table_hiragana.svg/1152px-Table_hiragana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Table_hiragana.svg/1536px-Table_hiragana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="464" /></a></span> </p> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origines">Origines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Origines" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Origines"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Hiragana_origin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Hiragana_origin.svg/350px-Hiragana_origin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Hiragana_origin.svg/525px-Hiragana_origin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Hiragana_origin.svg/700px-Hiragana_origin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="288" /></a><figcaption>Développement des hiraganas à partir des <i><a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dgana" title="Man'yōgana">man'yōgana</a></i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Les hiraganas, comme les katakanas, ont été formés par inspiration d'un <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanji</a> homophone : ce sont donc des formes simplifiées de la graphie cursive de <a href="/wiki/Caract%C3%A8res_chinois" title="Caractères chinois">caractères chinois</a>. </p><p>Conçus à leur origine pour être appris et tracés plus facilement, ils étaient appelés <i>onnade</i> (la main des femmes) du fait que les femmes, tenues à l'écart de l'apprentissage des caractères chinois, n'avaient en conséquence accès qu'à ce système d'écriture. </p><p>L'image sur la droite montre le développement des hiraganas à partir des <i><a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dgana" title="Man'yōgana">man'yōgana</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Dans cet article, les mots japonais resteront invariables, les mots comme kana, hiragana, katakana ou kanji sont entrés dans les dictionnaires français et s'accordent donc en conséquence.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://japonais.be/hiragana/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Hiragana alphabet syllabaire</cite></a> »</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li>Code <a href="/wiki/ISO_15924" title="ISO 15924">ISO 15924</a> : Hira</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Furigana" title="Furigana">Furigana</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iroha" title="Iroha">Iroha</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kana_(caract%C3%A8res)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kana (caractères)">Kana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">Katakana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="wikibooks"><a href="https://fr.wikibooks.org/wiki/Japonais/Hiragana" class="extiw" title="b:Japonais/Hiragana">Apprendre les hiraganas</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikibooks</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : français">(fr)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://japonais.eu/Alphabet_Japonais/hiragana.php">Apprendre les Hiragana (avec aide sonore)</a></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : français">(fr)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://japonais.eu/Alphabet_Japonais/Jeu_hiragana_katakana.php">Exercice ludique, vérifiez vos connaissances des hiragana en jouant</a></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : français">(fr)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jeretiens.net/apprendre-le-japonais/">Apprendre à écrire les Hiragana (méthode mnémotechnique)</a></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : français">(fr)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nihongospirit.fun/">Apprendre à mémoriser les Hiragana (méthode mémorisation)</a></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-vidéo" title="Vidéo au format mpg, avi...">[vidéo]</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8h7ZKcZ1Q_E">Comment écrire Hiragana</a> », sur <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_%C3%89critures_japonaises" title="Modèle:Palette Écritures japonaises"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_%C3%89critures_japonaises&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89critures_du_japonais" title="Écritures du japonais">Écritures du japonais</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">漢字</span>)</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dy%C5%8D_kanji" title="Tōyō kanji">tōyō kanji</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">当用漢字</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dy%C5%8D_kanji" title="Jōyō kanji">jōyō kanji</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">常用漢字</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gakush%C5%AB_kanji" title="Gakushū kanji">gakushū kanji</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">学習漢字</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jinmeiy%C5%8D_kanji" title="Jinmeiyō kanji">jinmeiyō kanji</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">人名用漢字</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABjitai" title="Kyūjitai">kyūjitai</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">旧字体</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shinjitai" title="Shinjitai">shinjitai</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">新字体</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ateji" title="Ateji">ateji</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">当て字</span>)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">Kana</a> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">仮名</span>)</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dgana" title="Man'yōgana">man'yōgana</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">万葉仮名</span>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">hiragana</a> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">平仮名</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">katakana</a> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">片仮名</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hentaigana" title="Hentaigana">hentaigana</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">変体仮名</span>)</li></ul> </div> <div class="liste-horizontale"><b>Emplois spécifiques</b> : <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Furigana" title="Furigana">furigana</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">振り仮名</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Okurigana" title="Okurigana">okurigana</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">送り仮名</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rekishiteki_kanazukai" title="Rekishiteki kanazukai">rekishiteki kanazukai</a></i> (<span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">歴史的仮名遣</span>)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><i><a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dmaji" title="Rōmaji">Rōmaji</a></i></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9thode_Hepburn" title="Méthode Hepburn">Hepburn</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kunrei" title="Kunrei">kunrei-shiki</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nippon-shiki" title="Nippon-shiki">nippon-shiki</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese:_The_Spoken_Language" title="Japanese: The Spoken Language">JSL</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/W%C4%81puro_r%C5%8Dmaji" title="Wāpuro rōmaji">wāpuro rōmaji</a></i></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Autres</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyrillisation_du_japonais" title="Cyrillisation du japonais">Cyrillisation du japonais</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Syst%C3%A8me_d%27%C3%A9criture" title="Modèle:Palette Système d'écriture"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Syst%C3%A8me_d%27%C3%A9criture&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_d%27%C3%A9criture" title="Système d'écriture">Systèmes d’écriture</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:14em;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">Alphabets</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:left;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_adlam" title="Alphabet adlam">Adlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_albanien" title="Alphabet albanien">Albanien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_arm%C3%A9nien" title="Alphabet arménien">Arménien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bactrien" title="Bactrien">Bactrien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_bassa" title="Alphabet bassa">Bassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_bamoun" title="Écriture bamoun">Bamoun (ou bamoum)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_borama" title="Alphabet borama">Borama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carien#L'alphabet_carien" title="Carien">Carien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_copte" title="Alphabet copte">Copte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_cyrillique" title="Alphabet cyrillique">Cyrillique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbasan_(%C3%A9criture)" title="Elbasan (écriture)">Elbasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_%C3%A9trusque" title="Alphabet étrusque">Étrusque (ou ancien italique)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garay_(alphabet)" title="Garay (alphabet)">Garay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_g%C3%A9orgien" title="Alphabet géorgien">Géorgien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_glagolitique" title="Alphabet glagolitique">Glagolitique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_grec" title="Alphabet grec">Grec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_gotique" title="Alphabet gotique">Gotique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_gupta" title="Écriture gupta">Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangeul" title="Hangeul">Hangeul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vieil_italique" title="Vieil italique">Italiques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_latin" title="Alphabet latin">Latin</a> (et <a href="/wiki/Lettres_suppl%C3%A9mentaires_de_l%27alphabet_latin" title="Lettres supplémentaires de l'alphabet latin">extensions</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_mandchou" title="Alphabet mandchou">Mandchou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_mand%C3%A9en" title="Alphabet mandéen">Mandéen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_bitchig" title="Mongol bitchig">Mongol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%27ko_(%C3%A9criture)" title="N'ko (écriture)">N’ko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">Ogham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todo_bitchig" title="Todo bitchig">Oïrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_de_l%27Orkhon" title="Alphabet de l'Orkhon">Orkhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osmanya" title="Osmanya">Osmanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_cun%C3%A9iforme_persane_ancienne" title="Écriture cunéiforme persane ancienne">Persan cunéiforme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rune" title="Rune">Runique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runes_hongroises" title="Runes hongroises">Runes hongroises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_santali" title="Alphabet santali">Santali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_y%C3%A9zidi" title="Alphabet yézidi">Yézidi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:14em;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_consonantique" title="Alphabet consonantique">Alphabets consonantiques (ou abjads)</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_arabe" title="Alphabet arabe">Arabe</a> (et <a href="/wiki/Adaptations_de_l%27alphabet_arabe" title="Adaptations de l'alphabet arabe">adaptations</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_aram%C3%A9en" title="Alphabet araméen">Araméen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89gyptien_d%C3%A9motique" title="Égyptien démotique">Démotique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_h%C3%A9breu" title="Alphabet hébreu">Hébreu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_manich%C3%A9en" title="Abjad manichéen">Manichéen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_nabat%C3%A9en" title="Alphabet nabatéen">Nabatéen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_ou%C3%AFghour" title="Alphabet ouïghour">Ouïghour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_ougaritique" title="Alphabet ougaritique">Ougaritique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_pehlevi" title="Écriture pehlevi">Pehlevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_ph%C3%A9nicien" title="Alphabet phénicien">Phénicien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_protosina%C3%AFtique" title="Alphabet protosinaïtique">Protosinaïtique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_punique" title="Alphabet punique">Punique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_safa%C3%AFtique" title="Écriture safaïtique">Safaïtique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_samaritain" title="Alphabet samaritain">Samaritain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_sogdien" title="Alphabet sogdien">Sogdien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_sudarabique" title="Alphabet sudarabique">Sudarabique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_syriaque" title="Alphabet syriaque">Syriaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:14em;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire" title="Alphasyllabaire">Alphasyllabaires (ou abugidas)</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:left;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_%C3%A2hom" title="Alphasyllabaire âhom">Âhom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_balinaise" title="Écriture balinaise">Balinais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_batak" title="Écriture batak">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baybayin" title="Baybayin">Baybayin (ou tagalog)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_bengali" title="Alphasyllabaire bengali">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_birmane" title="Écriture birmane">Birman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmi" title="Brahmi">Brahmî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_singhalais" title="Alphasyllabaire singhalais">Cingalais (ou singhalais)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Dévanâgarî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_gu%C3%A8ze" title="Alphasyllabaire guèze">Éthiopien (ou guèze)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grantha" title="Grantha">Grantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_gujarati" title="Alphasyllabaire gujarati">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurmukhi" title="Gurmukhi">Gurmukhī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_hanifi" title="Alphabet hanifi">Hanifi (rohinga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syllabaire_inuktitut" title="Syllabaire inuktitut">Inuktitut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_javanaise" title="Écriture javanaise">Javanais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%C3%AFthi" title="Kaïthi">Kaïthî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_kannada" title="Écriture kannada">Kannara (ou kannada)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawi#Écriture_kawie" title="Kawi">Kawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_kharoshthi" title="Alphabet kharoshthi">Kharoshthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_khmer" title="Alphasyllabaire khmer">Khmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_lao" title="Alphasyllabaire lao">Lao (ou laotien)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lekwaikaw" title="Lekwaikaw">Lekwaikaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_lepcha" title="Alphasyllabaire lepcha">Lepcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_lontara" title="Écriture lontara">Lontara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_malayalam" title="Alphasyllabaire malayalam">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitei_mayek" title="Meitei mayek">Meitei mayek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_m%C3%A9ro%C3%AFtique" title="Alphabet méroïtique">Méroïtique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_miao" title="Écriture miao">Miao (ou Pollard)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_modi" title="Alphasyllabaire modi">Modi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mwangwego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mwangwego (page inexistante)">Mwangwego</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwangwego_script" class="extiw" title="en:Mwangwego script"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Mwangwego script »">(en)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_n%C3%A9war" title="Alphasyllabaire néwar">Néwar (ou nepalbasha)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_des_caract%C3%A8res_Unicode/U1980" title="Table des caractères Unicode/U1980">Nouveau taï-lue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ojhapath" title="Ojhapath">Ojhapath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_odia" title="Alphasyllabaire odia">Odia (ou oriya)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_pallava" title="Écriture pallava">Pallava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_phagpa" title="Écriture phagpa">Phags-pa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranjana" title="Ranjana">Ranjana (ou kutila, lantsa, wartu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_redjang" title="Écriture redjang">Redjang (ou rejang)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_rencong" title="Écriture rencong">Rencong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_sharda" title="Alphasyllabaire sharda">Sharda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_siddham" title="Alphasyllabaire siddham">Siddham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_soyombo" title="Écriture soyombo">Soyombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_des_caract%C3%A8res_Unicode/U1760" title="Table des caractères Unicode/U1760">Tagbanoua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%C3%AF-le" title="Taï-le">Taï-le</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ta%C3%AF-no%C3%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taï-noï (page inexistante)">Taï-noï</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tai_Noi_script" class="extiw" title="en:Tai Noi script"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Tai Noi script »">(en)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_des_caract%C3%A8res_Unicode/U1A20" title="Table des caractères Unicode/U1A20">Taï tham (ou lanna)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_ta%C3%AF_vi%C3%AAt" title="Alphabet taï viêt">Taï viêt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_tamoul" title="Alphasyllabaire tamoul">Tamoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_t%C3%A9lougou" title="Alphasyllabaire télougou">Télougou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_tha%C3%AF" title="Alphasyllabaire thaï">Thaï</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_tib%C3%A9tain" title="Alphasyllabaire tibétain">Tibétain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirhuta" title="Tirhuta">Tirhuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatteluttu" title="Vatteluttu">Vatteluttu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zanabazar_quadratique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zanabazar quadratique (page inexistante)">Zanabazar quadratique</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanabazar_square_script" class="extiw" title="en:Zanabazar square script"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Zanabazar square script »">(en)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:14em;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Syllabaire" title="Syllabaire">Syllabaires</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afaka" title="Afaka">Afaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_b%C3%A9t%C3%A9" title="Écriture bété">Bété</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syllabaire_cherokee" title="Syllabaire cherokee">Chérokie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syllabaire_chypro-minoen" title="Syllabaire chypro-minoen">Chypro-minoen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hiragana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syllabaire_inuktitut" title="Syllabaire inuktitut">Inuktitut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">Katakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syllabaire_kpelle" title="Syllabaire kpelle">Kpèllé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin%C3%A9aire_A" title="Linéaire A">Linéaire A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin%C3%A9aire_B" title="Linéaire B">Linéaire B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandombe" title="Mandombe">Mandombé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masaba_(%C3%A9criture)" title="Masaba (écriture)">Masaba (ou bambara)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikakui" title="Kikakui">Mendé kikakui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCshu" title="Nüshu">Nüshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syllabaire_autochtone_canadien" title="Syllabaire autochtone canadien">Syllabaires autochtones canadiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syllabaire_va%C3%AF" title="Syllabaire vaï">Vaï</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syllabaire_yi" title="Syllabaire yi">Yi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:14em;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Logogramme" title="Logogramme">Écritures logographiques ou apparentées</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:left;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Symboles_Adinkra" title="Symboles Adinkra">Adinkra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_azt%C3%A8que" title="Écriture aztèque">Aztèque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cun%C3%A9iforme" title="Cunéiforme">Cunéiforme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_daba" title="Écriture daba">Daba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_dongba" title="Écriture dongba">Dongba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_hi%C3%A9ratique" title="Écriture hiératique">Hiératique égyptienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_hi%C3%A9roglyphique_%C3%A9gyptienne" title="Écriture hiéroglyphique égyptienne">Hiéroglyphes égyptiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi%C3%A9roglyphes_hittites" title="Hiéroglyphes hittites">Hiéroglyphes hittites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi%C3%A9roglyphe_lin%C3%A9aire" title="Hiéroglyphe linéaire">Hiéroglyphes linéaires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_maya" title="Écriture maya">Hiéroglyphes mayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi%C3%A9roglyphes_micmacs" title="Hiéroglyphes micmacs">Hiéroglyphes micmacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi%C3%A9roglyphes_olm%C3%A8ques" title="Hiéroglyphes olmèques">Hiéroglyphes olmèques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nsibidi" title="Nsibidi">Nsibidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_oss%C3%A9caille" title="Écriture ossécaille">Ossécaille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuishu" title="Shuishu">Shuishu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caract%C3%A8res_chinois" title="Caractères chinois">Sinogrammes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_tangoute" title="Écriture tangoute">Tangoute</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:14em;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Ductus" title="Ductus">Ductus</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Texte_bidirectionnel" title="Texte bidirectionnel">Bidirectionnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boustroph%C3%A9don" title="Boustrophédon">Boustrophédon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sure_(typographie)" title="Césure (typographie)">Césure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chasse_(typographie)" title="Chasse (typographie)">Chasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_cursive" title="Écriture cursive">Cursif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graisse_(typographie)" title="Graisse (typographie)">Gras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italique_(typographie)" title="Italique (typographie)">Italique (incliné)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justification_(typographie)" title="Justification (typographie)">Justification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponctuation" title="Ponctuation">Ponctuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture_sp%C3%A9culaire" title="Écriture spéculaire">Spéculaire (en miroir)</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:14em;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Norme_et_standard_techniques" title="Norme et standard techniques">Normes et standards techniques</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:left;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tiquette_d%27identification_de_langues_IETF" title="Étiquette d'identification de langues IETF">BCP 47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/CEI_10646" title="ISO/CEI 10646">ISO/CEI 10646</a> et <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_15924" title="ISO 15924">ISO 15924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenType" title="OpenType">OpenType</a> et <a href="/wiki/TrueType" title="TrueType">TrueType</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="" colspan="2"><div class="liste-horizontale">Voir aussi : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calligraphie" title="Calligraphie">Calligraphie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89criture" title="Écriture">Écriture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linguistique" title="Linguistique">Linguistique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notation_musicale" title="Notation musicale">Notation musicale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_de_caract%C3%A8res" title="Police de caractères">Police de caractères</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9nographie" title="Sténographie">Sténographie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_de_num%C3%A9ration" title="Système de numération">Système de numération</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typographie" title="Typographie">Typographie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Japon" 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