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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Persian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tribal_kings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tribal_kings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tribal kings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tribal_kings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Getic_and_Dacian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Getic_and_Dacian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Getic and Dacian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Getic_and_Dacian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paeonian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paeonian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Paeonian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paeonian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Celtic_rulers_in_Thrace" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Celtic_rulers_in_Thrace"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Celtic rulers in Thrace</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Celtic_rulers_in_Thrace-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Celtic rulers in Thrace subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Celtic_rulers_in_Thrace-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Celtic_rulers_of_Tylis_in_Thrace[47]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Celtic_rulers_of_Tylis_in_Thrace[47]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Celtic rulers of Tylis in Thrace<sup><span>[</span>47<span>]</span></sup></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Celtic_rulers_of_Tylis_in_Thrace[47]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greek-Macedonian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greek-Macedonian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Greek-Macedonian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greek-Macedonian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odrysian_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odrysian_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Odrysian Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odrysian_Kingdom-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Odrysian Kingdom subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odrysian_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Odrysian_rulers_in_eastern_Thrace_(hypothetical_reconstruction[61])" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odrysian_rulers_in_eastern_Thrace_(hypothetical_reconstruction[61])"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Odrysian rulers in eastern Thrace (hypothetical reconstruction<sup><span>[</span>61<span>]</span></sup>)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Odrysian_rulers_in_eastern_Thrace_(hypothetical_reconstruction[61])-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odrysian_rulers_originally_in_inner_Thrace_(hypothetical_reconstruction[63])" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odrysian_rulers_originally_in_inner_Thrace_(hypothetical_reconstruction[63])"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Odrysian rulers originally in inner Thrace (hypothetical reconstruction<sup><span>[</span>63<span>]</span></sup>)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Odrysian_rulers_originally_in_inner_Thrace_(hypothetical_reconstruction[63])-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Various_Thracian_local_rulers_attested_in_the_Third_Century_BC[64]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Various_Thracian_local_rulers_attested_in_the_Third_Century_BC[64]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Various Thracian local rulers attested in the Third Century BC<sup><span>[</span>64<span>]</span></sup></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Various_Thracian_local_rulers_attested_in_the_Third_Century_BC[64]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Various_non-Odrysian_rulers_in_Thrace[65]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Various_non-Odrysian_rulers_in_Thrace[65]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Various non-Odrysian rulers in Thrace<sup><span>[</span>65<span>]</span></sup></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Various_non-Odrysian_rulers_in_Thrace[65]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Illyrian_rulers[66]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illyrian_rulers[66]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.5</span> <span>Illyrian rulers<sup><span>[</span>66<span>]</span></sup></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illyrian_rulers[66]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odryso-Astaean_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odryso-Astaean_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.6</span> <span>Odryso-Astaean Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Odryso-Astaean_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sapaean_Kingdom_and_unified_Thrace" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sapaean_Kingdom_and_unified_Thrace"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.7</span> <span>Sapaean Kingdom and unified Thrace</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sapaean_Kingdom_and_unified_Thrace-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scythian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scythian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Scythian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scythian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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class="mw-page-title-main">List of kings of Thrace and Dacia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Каралі дакійскія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Каралі дакійскія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Тракийски владетели – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тракийски владетели" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BC%CF%8C%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%98%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%94%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Κατάλογος ηγεμόνων στη Θράκη και τη Δακία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κατάλογος ηγεμόνων στη Θράκη και τη Δακία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_des_rois_de_Thrace" title="Liste des rois de Thrace – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Liste des rois de Thrace" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%99_%D7%93%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%94" title="מלכי דאקיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מלכי דאקיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasti_regum_Thraciae_et_Daciae" title="Fasti regum Thraciae et Daciae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fasti regum Thraciae et Daciae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A1k_kir%C3%A1lyok_list%C3%A1ja" title="Dák királyok listája – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dák királyok listája" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lijst_van_koningen_van_Daci%C3%AB" title="Lijst van koningen van Dacië – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lijst van koningen van Dacië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lowie_Dak%C3%B3w" title="Królowie Daków – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Królowie Daków" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%C4%83_de_regi_daci" title="Listă de regi daci – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Listă de regi daci" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Список правителей Дакии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Список правителей Дакии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Списак дачких краљева – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Списак дачких краљева" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%97_%D1%96_%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%97" title="Королі Дакії і Тракії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Королі Дакії і Тракії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Vazovo_Thracian_Pegasus.png/120px-Vazovo_Thracian_Pegasus.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Vazovo_Thracian_Pegasus.png/180px-Vazovo_Thracian_Pegasus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Vazovo_Thracian_Pegasus.png/240px-Vazovo_Thracian_Pegasus.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="793" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="font-size:235%;"> <a href="/wiki/Thrace" title="Thrace"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Thrace</span></a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#fdfdfb; border-top:2px solid #A09A9A"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_cities_in_Thrace_and_Dacia#Thrace_and_Macedonia" title="List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia">Geography</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="background:#fdfdfb; border:1px solid #E4E5F4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thrace" title="Thrace">Thrace</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Thrace" title="Western Thrace">West</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Thrace" title="East Thrace">East</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Thrace" title="Northern Thrace">North</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moesia" title="Moesia">Moesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygia" title="Phrygia">Phrygia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perperikon" title="Perperikon">Perperikon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantium" title="Byzantium">Byzantion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seuthopolis" title="Seuthopolis">Seuthopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraclea_Sintica" title="Heraclea Sintica">Sintia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgas#History" title="Burgas">Pyrgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samothrace" title="Samothrace">Samothrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sofia" title="History of Sofia">Serdika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulpudeva" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulpudeva">Pulpudeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varna,_Bulgaria#History" title="Varna, Bulgaria">Varna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Uskudama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singidunum" title="Singidunum">Singidunum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_cities_in_Thrace_and_Dacia#Thrace_and_Macedonia" title="List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia">Cities</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#fdfdfb; border-top:2px solid #A09A9A"> <a href="/wiki/Thracians#Culture" title="Thracians">Culture</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="background:#fdfdfb; border:1px solid #E4E5F4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thracians" title="Thracians">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_language" title="Thracian language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_religion" title="Thracian religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Thracian_Rulers#Construction" title="Valley of the Thracian Rulers">Construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_treasure" title="Thracian treasure">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_warfare" title="Thracian warfare">Warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism_(religion)" title="Orphism (religion)">Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_horseman" title="Thracian horseman">Emblem</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#fdfdfb; border-top:2px solid #A09A9A"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_tribes_in_Thrace_and_Dacia" title="List of ancient tribes in Thrace and Dacia">Tribes</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="background:#fdfdfb; border:1px solid #E4E5F4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mysi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mysi">Mysi</a>-<a href="/wiki/Moesi" title="Moesi">Moesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryges" title="Bryges">Brygi</a>-<a href="/wiki/Phrygians" title="Phrygians">Phrygi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyni" title="Thyni">Thyni</a>-<a href="/wiki/Bithyni" title="Bithyni">Bithyni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maedi" title="Maedi">Maedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessi" title="Bessi">Bessi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getae" title="Getae">Getae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacians" title="Dacians">Daci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrianes" title="Agrianes">Agriani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dii" title="Dii">Dii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astae" class="mw-redirect" title="Astae">Asti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edoni" title="Edoni">Edoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satrae" title="Satrae">Satri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pieres" title="Pieres">Pieres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trausi" class="mw-redirect" title="Trausi">Trausi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebryces" title="Bebryces">Bebrici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_tribes_in_Thrace_and_Dacia" title="List of ancient tribes in Thrace and Dacia">Tribes</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#fdfdfb; border-top:2px solid #A09A9A"> <a href="/wiki/Thracians#History" title="Thracians">History</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="background:#fdfdfb; border:1px solid #E4E5F4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tereus" title="Tereus">Tereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineus" title="Phineus">Phineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhesus_of_Thrace" title="Rhesus of Thrace">Rhesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odrysian_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Odrysian Kingdom">Odrysian Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teres_I" title="Teres I">Teres I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotys_I_(Odrysian)" title="Cotys I (Odrysian)">Cotys I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seuthes_III" title="Seuthes III">Seuthes III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Thrace_and_Dacia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Thrace and Dacia">Rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skudra" title="Skudra">Skudra</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#fdfdfb; border-top:2px solid #A09A9A"> <a href="/wiki/Thracian_warfare" title="Thracian warfare">Warfare</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="background:#fdfdfb; border:1px solid #E4E5F4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peltast" title="Peltast">Peltast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Persian_Wars" title="Greco-Persian Wars">Greco-Persian Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_War" title="Peloponnesian War">Peloponnesian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_Alexander_the_Great" title="Wars of Alexander the Great">Wars of Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Issus" title="Battle of Issus">Battle of Issus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Callinicus" title="Battle of Callinicus">Battle of Callinicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thraex" title="Thraex">Thraex</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#fdfdfb; border-top:2px solid #A09A9A"> <a href="/wiki/Thracia" title="Thracia">Roman Thrace</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="background:#fdfdfb; border:1px solid #E4E5F4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spartacus" title="Spartacus">Spartacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Servile_War" title="Third Servile War">Third Servile War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thraco-Roman" title="Thraco-Roman">Thraco-Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximinus_Thrax" title="Maximinus Thrax">Maximinus Thrax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justinian_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Justinian the Great">Justinian the Great</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#fdfdfb; border-top:2px solid #A09A9A"> <a href="/wiki/Thracian_religion" title="Thracian religion">Mythology</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="background:#fdfdfb; border:1px solid #E4E5F4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_religion#The_"Dionysian"_Zis" title="Thracian religion">Zagreus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabazios" title="Sabazios">Sabazios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalmoxis" title="Zalmoxis">Zalmoxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendis" title="Bendis">Bendis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_religion#The_"Arean"_Zis" title="Thracian religion">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_religion#The_"Hermesian"_Zis" title="Thracian religion">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_religion#The_"Apollonian"_Zis" title="Thracian religion">Apellon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zibelthiurdos" title="Zibelthiurdos">Zbelthourd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotys" title="Kotys">Kotys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derzelas" title="Derzelas">Derzelas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleistoros" title="Pleistoros">Pleistor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Thracian_deities" title="Category:Thracian deities">Gods</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#fdfdfb; border-top:2px solid #A09A9A"> <a href="/wiki/Thracians#Legacy" title="Thracians">Legacy</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="background:#fdfdfb; border:1px solid #E4E5F4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_Bulgarians" title="Thracian Bulgarians">Thracian Bulgarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Thracian_Greeks" title="List of Thracian Greeks">Thracian Greeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomaks" title="Pomaks">Pomaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Thracian_archaeology" title="Category:Thracian archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracology" title="Thracology">Thracology</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Thrace_series" title="Template:Thrace series"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Thrace_series" title="Template talk:Thrace series"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Thrace_series" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Thrace series"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>This article lists <b>kings of Thrace and Dacia</b>, and includes <a href="/wiki/Thracian" class="mw-redirect" title="Thracian">Thracian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paeonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Paeonian">Paeonian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Celt" class="mw-redirect" title="Celt">Celtic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dacia" title="Dacia">Dacian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scythian" class="mw-redirect" title="Scythian">Scythian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persian</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> up to the point of its fall to the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, with a few figures from <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mythological">Mythological</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Mythological"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haemus" title="Haemus">Haemus</a>, became a mountain <a href="/wiki/Haemus_Mons" class="mw-redirect" title="Haemus Mons">Haemus Mons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrax_(mythology)" title="Thrax (mythology)">Thrax</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegyrios" title="Tegyrios">Tegyrios</a>, mortal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eumolpus" title="Eumolpus">Eumolpus</a>, inherited a kingdom from Tegyrios</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tereus" title="Tereus">Tereus</a>, the king that was turned into a <a href="/wiki/Hoopoe" title="Hoopoe">hoopoe</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineus" title="Phineus">Phineus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia">Phoenician</a> son of <a href="/wiki/Agenor" title="Agenor">Agenor</a>, blind king and seer<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poltys" title="Poltys">Poltys</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyreneus" title="Pyreneus">Pyreneus</a>, died trying to harm the <a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpalycus" class="mw-redirect" title="Harpalycus">Harpalycus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> king of the Amymnaeans</li> <li>Thoas, founder of <a href="/wiki/Thoana" class="mw-redirect" title="Thoana">Thoana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mopsus" title="Mopsus">Mopsus</a>, killed <a href="/wiki/Myrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Myrine">Myrine</a>, an amazon queen</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peirous" title="Peirous">Peirous</a>, a Thracian war leader<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> killed by <a href="/wiki/Thoas_(king_of_Aetoila)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thoas (king of Aetoila)">Thoas</a> the <a href="/wiki/Aetolian" class="mw-redirect" title="Aetolian">Aetolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhesus_of_Thrace" title="Rhesus of Thrace">Rhesus of Thrace</a>, died in the <a href="/wiki/Trojan_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Trojan war">Trojan war</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisseus" title="Cisseus">Cisseus</a>, father of <a href="/wiki/Theano" title="Theano">Theano</a>, the wife of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antenor_(Greek_mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antenor (Greek mythology) (page does not exist)">Antenor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diomedes_of_Thrace" title="Diomedes of Thrace">Diomedes of Thrace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giants_(Greek_mythology)" title="Giants (Greek mythology)">Giant</a> that ruled over the <a href="/wiki/Bistones" title="Bistones">Bistones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycurgus_(Thrace)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lycurgus (Thrace)">Lycurgus</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Edoni" title="Edoni">Edoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oeagrus" title="Oeagrus">Oeagrus</a>, father of <a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Linus_(mythology)" title="Linus (mythology)">Linus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the <a href="/wiki/Cicones" title="Cicones">Cicones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polymestor" title="Polymestor">Polymestor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bistonians" class="mw-redirect" title="Bistonians">Bistonians</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalmoxis" title="Zalmoxis">Zalmoxis</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Getae" title="Getae">Getae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charnabon" title="Charnabon">Charnabon</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Getae" title="Getae">Getae</a>, who came into power when grain was first given to men<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mentioned by <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyraechmes" title="Pyraechmes">Pyraechmes</a></i> of the <a href="/wiki/Paeonians" title="Paeonians">Paeonians</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asteropaios" title="Asteropaios">Asteropaios</a></i> of the <a href="/wiki/Paeonians" title="Paeonians">Paeonians</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Persian">Persian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Persian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Persian_empire_490bc_Bactria.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Persian_empire_490bc_Bactria.png/220px-Persian_empire_490bc_Bactria.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Persian_empire_490bc_Bactria.png/330px-Persian_empire_490bc_Bactria.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Persian_empire_490bc_Bactria.png/440px-Persian_empire_490bc_Bactria.png 2x" data-file-width="971" data-file-height="741" /></a><figcaption>The Persian Empire in 490 BC</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darius_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Darius I">Darius I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persian</a> <a href="/wiki/Satrapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Satrapy">Satrapy</a> named <a href="/wiki/Skudra" title="Skudra">Skudra</a> by 516 BC<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Darius I">Darius I</a>, Thrace is resubjucated by <a href="/wiki/Mardonius_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mardonius (general)">Mardonius</a> at 492 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I" title="Xerxes I">Xerxes I</a>, retains Thrace from 486 BC to 479 BC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tribal_kings">Tribal kings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Tribal kings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg/220px-Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg/330px-Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg/440px-Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4452" data-file-height="3424" /></a><figcaption>Map of Ancient Thrace made by <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Ortelius" title="Abraham Ortelius">Abraham Ortelius</a> in 1585</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olorus" title="Olorus">Olorus</a>, 5th century BC<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrmus" title="Syrmus">Syrmus</a>, king of the <a href="/wiki/Triballi" title="Triballi">Triballi</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 4th century BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergaios" title="Bergaios">Bergaios</a>, petty king of <a href="/wiki/Pangaion_hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Pangaion hills">Pangaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dromichaetes" title="Dromichaetes">Dromichaetes</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Getae" title="Getae">Getae</a> 300 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langarus" title="Langarus">Langarus</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Agrianes" title="Agrianes">Agrianes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleuratus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pleuratus">Pleuratus</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Thracian" class="mw-redirect" title="Thracian">Thracian</a> or <a href="/wiki/Illyria" title="Illyria">Illyrian</a> king that attacked <a href="/wiki/Tylis" title="Tylis">Tylis</a> 213–208 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diegylis" title="Diegylis">Diegylis</a>, chieftain of the <a href="/wiki/Caeni" title="Caeni">Caeni</a> extremely bloodthirsty 145 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziselmius" title="Ziselmius">Ziselmius</a>, Diegylis' son</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostis" title="Mostis">Mostis</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Caeni" title="Caeni">Caeni</a>, king ~130–90 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abrupolis" title="Abrupolis">Abrupolis</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Sapaean" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapaean">Sapaeans</a>, 2nd century BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabocentus" title="Rabocentus">Rabocentus</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the <a href="/wiki/Bessi" title="Bessi">Bessi</a> mentioned by <a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosingas" title="Cosingas">Cosingas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> chieftain and priest of Hera to the tribes of <a href="/wiki/Cebrenii" title="Cebrenii">Cebrenii</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sucaeboae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sucaeboae">Sucaeboae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getas" title="Getas">Getas</a>, king<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the <a href="/wiki/Edones" class="mw-redirect" title="Edones">Edones</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Getic_and_Dacian">Getic and Dacian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Getic and Dacian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dacia_around_60-44_BC_during_Burebista,_including_campaigns_-_French.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Dacia_around_60-44_BC_during_Burebista%2C_including_campaigns_-_French.png/220px-Dacia_around_60-44_BC_during_Burebista%2C_including_campaigns_-_French.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Dacia_around_60-44_BC_during_Burebista%2C_including_campaigns_-_French.png/330px-Dacia_around_60-44_BC_during_Burebista%2C_including_campaigns_-_French.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Dacia_around_60-44_BC_during_Burebista%2C_including_campaigns_-_French.png/440px-Dacia_around_60-44_BC_during_Burebista%2C_including_campaigns_-_French.png 2x" data-file-width="2901" data-file-height="1866" /></a><figcaption>Dacia</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charnabon" title="Charnabon">Charnabon</a>, king of the Getae as mentioned by Sophocles in <a href="/wiki/Triptolemus" title="Triptolemus">Triptolemus</a> - 5th century BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cothelas" title="Cothelas">Cothelas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> father of <a href="/wiki/Meda_of_Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Meda of Odessa">Meda of Odessa</a> – 4th century BC</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rex_Histrianorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rex Histrianorum (page does not exist)">Rex Histrianorum</a>, ruler in Histria, mentioned by Trogus Pompeius and Justinus - 339 BC<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dual_(king)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dual (king) (page does not exist)">Dual</a> – 3rd century BC<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moskon" title="Moskon">Moskon</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 3rd century BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dromichaetes" title="Dromichaetes">Dromichaetes</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 3rd century BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalmodegicus" class="mw-redirect" title="Zalmodegicus">Zalmodegicus</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – around 200 BC<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhemaxos" title="Rhemaxos">Rhemaxos</a> – around 200 BC<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubobostes" title="Rubobostes">Rubobostes</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – around 200 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoltes" title="Zoltes">Zoltes</a> - 200 BC <sup id="cite_ref-Gagarin2010_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gagarin2010-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oroles" title="Oroles">Oroles</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 2nd century BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicomes" title="Dicomes">Dicomes</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 1st century BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rholes" title="Rholes">Rholes</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 1st century BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dapyx" title="Dapyx">Dapyx</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 1st century BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zyraxes" title="Zyraxes">Zyraxes</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 1st century BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burebista" title="Burebista">Burebista</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 82–44 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deceneus" title="Deceneus">Deceneus</a><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 44 BC - around 27 BC High Priest</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thiamarkos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thiamarkos (page does not exist)">Thiamarkos</a> - 1st century BC - 1st century AD, Dacian king (inscription "Basileys Thiamarkos epoiei")<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerciu1981139-140_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerciu1981139-140-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotiso" title="Cotiso">Cotiso</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – c. 40 BC - c.9 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comosicus" title="Comosicus">Comosicus</a><sup id="cite_ref-Dacia_2007,_page_72_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dacia_2007,_page_72-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 9 BC–30 AD</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scorilo" title="Scorilo">Scorilo</a><sup id="cite_ref-Dacia_2007,_page_72_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dacia_2007,_page_72-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – c.30–70 AD</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coson" class="mw-redirect" title="Coson">Coson</a><sup id="cite_ref-Dacia_2007,_page_47_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dacia_2007,_page_47-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duras_(Dacian_king)" title="Duras (Dacian king)">Duras</a><sup id="cite_ref-Dacia_2007,_page_47_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dacia_2007,_page_47-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – c. 69–87</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decebalus" title="Decebalus">Decebalus</a><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 87–106 <ul><li>106 AD, Dacia becomes a province of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> conquered by <a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pieporus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pieporus">Pieporus</a>, king of Dacian <a href="/wiki/Costoboci" title="Costoboci">Costoboci</a> – 2nd century AD (inscription)<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarbus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tarbus (page does not exist)">Tarbus</a> – 2nd century AD. <a href="/wiki/Dio_Cassius" class="mw-redirect" title="Dio Cassius">Dio Cassius</a> mentioned him without specifying his origin. Some authors consider a possible Dacian ethnicity<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Paeonian">Paeonian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Paeonian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PaeoniaPaioniaMap.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/PaeoniaPaioniaMap.png/250px-PaeoniaPaioniaMap.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/PaeoniaPaioniaMap.png/375px-PaeoniaPaioniaMap.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/PaeoniaPaioniaMap.png/500px-PaeoniaPaioniaMap.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="287" /></a><figcaption>Paeonia, tribes and Environs</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>See: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Paeonian_kings" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Paeonian kings">List of Paeonian kings</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Celtic_rulers_in_Thrace">Celtic rulers in Thrace</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Celtic rulers in Thrace"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cerethrius" title="Cerethrius">Cerethrius</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critasirus" title="Critasirus">Critasirus</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Celt" class="mw-redirect" title="Celt">Celt</a><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathanatos" title="Bathanatos">Bathanatos</a><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the <a href="/wiki/Scordisci" title="Scordisci">Scordisci</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Celtic_rulers_of_Tylis_in_Thrace[47]"><span id="Celtic_rulers_of_Tylis_in_Thrace.5B47.5D"></span>Celtic rulers of <a href="/wiki/Tylis" title="Tylis">Tylis</a> in Thrace<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Celtic rulers of Tylis in Thrace[47]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comontorius" title="Comontorius">Comontorius</a> Celtic military commander, first king of Tylis (c. 277 BC-?)</li> <li>Orsoaltius (presumed Celtic on the basis of coin types; order uncertain)</li> <li>Cersibaulus (presumed Celtic on the basis of coin types; order uncertain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavarus" title="Cavarus">Cavarus</a>, last king of Tylis; overthrown by the Thracians (?-212 BC)<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Greek-Macedonian">Greek-Macedonian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Greek-Macedonian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_Macedonia_336_BC-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Map_Macedonia_336_BC-en.svg/220px-Map_Macedonia_336_BC-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Map_Macedonia_336_BC-en.svg/330px-Map_Macedonia_336_BC-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Map_Macedonia_336_BC-en.svg/440px-Map_Macedonia_336_BC-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="794" /></a><figcaption>Map of the territory of Philip II of Macedon</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Macedon" title="Philip II of Macedon">Philip II of Macedon</a>, annexed Thrace, 341–336 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a> retains Thrace and suppresses rebellion, 335–323 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysimachus" title="Lysimachus">Lysimachus</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/Diadochi" title="Diadochi">Diadochi</a>, includes Thrace in his kingdom, 323–281 BC<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Macedon" title="Philip V of Macedon">Philip V of Macedon</a> controls all cities of Thrace up to the <a href="/wiki/Hellespont" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellespont">hellespont</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 238–179 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perseus_of_Macedon" title="Perseus of Macedon">Perseus of Macedon</a> continues controlling the part of Thrace his father left him, 212–166 BC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odrysian_Kingdom">Odrysian Kingdom</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Odrysian Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Odrysian.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Odrysian.svg/220px-Odrysian.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Odrysian.svg/330px-Odrysian.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Odrysian.svg/440px-Odrysian.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1151" data-file-height="812" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Odrysian_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Odrysian Kingdom">Odrysian Kingdom</a> under <a href="/wiki/Sitalces" title="Sitalces">Sitalces</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SeuthesIII_tumba_Kazanl%C3%A2k_0771a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/SeuthesIII_tumba_Kazanl%C3%A2k_0771a.jpg/220px-SeuthesIII_tumba_Kazanl%C3%A2k_0771a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/SeuthesIII_tumba_Kazanl%C3%A2k_0771a.jpg/330px-SeuthesIII_tumba_Kazanl%C3%A2k_0771a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/SeuthesIII_tumba_Kazanl%C3%A2k_0771a.jpg/440px-SeuthesIII_tumba_Kazanl%C3%A2k_0771a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1312" data-file-height="1792" /></a><figcaption>Bronze head of An Odrysian king, most likely <a href="/wiki/Seuthes_III" title="Seuthes III">Seuthes III</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The list below includes the known <a href="/wiki/Odrysae" class="mw-redirect" title="Odrysae">Odrysian</a> kings of Thrace, but much of it is conjectural, based on incomplete sources, and the varying interpretation of ongoing numismatic and archaeological discoveries. Various other <a href="/wiki/Thracian_kings" class="mw-redirect" title="Thracian kings">Thracian kings</a> (some of them non-Odrysian) are included as well.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Odrysian kings though called Kings of Thrace never exercised sovereignty over all of Thrace.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Control varied according to tribal relationships.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Odrysian kings (names are presented in Latin forms): </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teres_I" title="Teres I">Teres I</a>, son of ? Odryses, (480<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>/450/430 BC<sup id="cite_ref-Thrace_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thrace-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparatocos" title="Sparatocos">Sparatocus</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Teres_I" title="Teres I">Teres I</a> (c. 465?-by 431 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitalces" title="Sitalces">Sitalces</a>, son of Teres I (by 431-424 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seuthes_I" title="Seuthes I">Seuthes I</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Sparatocos" title="Sparatocos">Sparatocus</a> (424-396 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maisades" title="Maisades">Maesades</a>, father of <a href="/wiki/Seuthes_II" title="Seuthes II">Seuthes II</a>, local ruler in eastern Thrace?</li> <li>Teres II, local ruler in eastern Thrace</li> <li>Saratocus (= Sadocus, son of <a href="/wiki/Sitalces" title="Sitalces">Sitalces</a>?), local ruler in western Thrace?</li> <li>Metocus (<a href="/wiki/Amadocus_I" title="Amadocus I">= Amadocus I?</a>), son of ? <a href="/wiki/Sitalces" title="Sitalces">Sitalces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadocus_I" title="Amadocus I">Amadocus I</a>, son of ? Metocus (unless identical to him) or of <a href="/wiki/Sitalces" title="Sitalces">Sitalces</a> (by 405<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>-after 390 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seuthes_II" title="Seuthes II">Seuthes II</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Maisades" title="Maisades">Maesades</a>, descendant of <a href="/wiki/Teres_I" title="Teres I">Teres I</a>, local ruler in eastern Thrace (by 405?-after 387 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebryzelmis" title="Hebryzelmis">Hebryzelmis</a>, son or brother of ? <a href="/wiki/Seuthes_I" title="Seuthes I">Seuthes I</a> (c. 386 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotys_I_(Odrysian)" title="Cotys I (Odrysian)">Cotys I</a>, son of ? <a href="/wiki/Seuthes_I" title="Seuthes I">Seuthes I</a><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Seuthes_II" title="Seuthes II">Seuthes II</a><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (by 384–360 or 359 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cersobleptes" title="Cersobleptes">Cersobleptes</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Cotys_I_(Odrysian)" title="Cotys I (Odrysian)">Cotys I</a>, <i>king in eastern Thrace</i> (360 or 359-341 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berisades" title="Berisades">Berisades</a>, rival of <a href="/wiki/Cersobleptes" title="Cersobleptes">Cersobleptes</a>, <i>king in western Thrace in Strimos</i> (359-352 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadocus_II" title="Amadocus II">Amadocus II</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Amadocus_I" title="Amadocus I">Amadocus I</a> and rival of <a href="/wiki/Cersobleptes" title="Cersobleptes">Cersobleptes</a>, <i>king in central Thrace in <a href="/wiki/Thracian_Chersonese" class="mw-redirect" title="Thracian Chersonese">Chersonese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maroneia" title="Maroneia">Maroneia</a></i> (359-351 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cetriporis" title="Cetriporis">Cetriporis</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Berisades" title="Berisades">Berisades</a>, <i>king in western Thrace in Strimos</i> (358-347 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teres_II" title="Teres II">Teres III</a>, son of ? <a href="/wiki/Amadocus_II" title="Amadocus II">Amadocus II</a>, <i>king in central Thrace in <a href="/wiki/Thracian_Chersonese" class="mw-redirect" title="Thracian Chersonese">Chersonese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maroneia" title="Maroneia">Maroneia</a></i> (351-342 BC) <ul><li>The kings of Thrace are forced to submit to Macedonian rule or overlordship by 341 BC</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seuthes_III" title="Seuthes III">Seuthes III</a>, son of ? <a href="/wiki/Teres_II" title="Teres II">Teres III</a><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Cotys_I_(Odrysian)" title="Cotys I (Odrysian)">Cotys I</a>, opposed Macedonian rule (by 324–after 312 BC) <ul><li>The succession to Seuthes III is unclear; the area was partitioned among Thracian dynasts and Macedonian kings, after 277 also by the Celts of <a href="/wiki/Tylis" title="Tylis">Tylis</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Odrysian_rulers_in_eastern_Thrace_(hypothetical_reconstruction[61])"><span id="Odrysian_rulers_in_eastern_Thrace_.28hypothetical_reconstruction.5B61.5D.29"></span>Odrysian rulers in eastern Thrace (hypothetical reconstruction<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Odrysian rulers in eastern Thrace (hypothetical reconstruction[61])"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotys_II_(Odrysian)" title="Cotys II (Odrysian)">Cotys II</a>, son of Seuthes (<a href="/wiki/Seuthes_III" title="Seuthes III">III?</a>) (attested 330 BC, while still prince, if son of Seuthes III?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raizdos" title="Raizdos">Rhaezdus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Roigos" title="Roigos">Rhoegus</a>?), son of ? <a href="/wiki/Cotys_II_(Odrysian)" title="Cotys II (Odrysian)">Cotys II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotys_III_(Odrysian)" title="Cotys III (Odrysian)">Cotys III</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Raizdos" title="Raizdos">Rhaezdus</a> (c. 270 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhescuporis_I_(Odrysian)" title="Rhescuporis I (Odrysian)">Rhescuporis I</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Cotys_III_(Odrysian)" title="Cotys III (Odrysian)">Cotys III</a> (?-by 212 BC?)<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Odrysian_rulers_originally_in_inner_Thrace_(hypothetical_reconstruction[63])"><span id="Odrysian_rulers_originally_in_inner_Thrace_.28hypothetical_reconstruction.5B63.5D.29"></span>Odrysian rulers originally in inner Thrace (hypothetical reconstruction<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Odrysian rulers originally in inner Thrace (hypothetical reconstruction[63])"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Teres IV, son of Seuthes (III?) (c. 295 BC?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seuthes_IV" title="Seuthes IV">Seuthes IV</a>, son of Teres (IV?)</li> <li>Teres V, son of ? Seuthes IV (c. 255 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roigos" title="Roigos">Rhoegus</a>, son of Seuthes (IV?) (mid-Third Century, buried in the <a href="/wiki/Thracian_Tomb_of_Kazanlak" title="Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak">Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seuthes_V" title="Seuthes V">Seuthes V</a>, son of ? Rhoegus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amatokos_III" title="Amatokos III">Amadocus III</a>, son of ? Seuthes V (c. 184 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotys_IV" title="Cotys IV">Cotys IV</a>, son of Seuthes V (by 171-after 166)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teres_III" title="Teres III">Teres VI</a>, son of ? Amadocus III (c. 148 BC)</li> <li>Beithys (Bithys), son of Cotys IV (c.146 BC?) <ul><li>The line may have continued as the Odryso-Astaean dynasty listed below</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Various_Thracian_local_rulers_attested_in_the_Third_Century_BC[64]"><span id="Various_Thracian_local_rulers_attested_in_the_Third_Century_BC.5B64.5D"></span>Various Thracian local rulers attested in the Third Century BC<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Various Thracian local rulers attested in the Third Century BC[64]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Spartocus, ruler of Cabyle? (c. 295 BC)</li> <li>Scostocus, ruler in southern Thrace near Aenus and Sestus (c. 280-after 273 BC)</li> <li>Sadalas, ruler near Messembria (c. 275 BC), descendant of Cotys, Medistas, Taruntinus, and Mopsyestis (order and relationships unknown)</li> <li>Odoroes (c. 280-273 BC) (?)</li> <li>Adaeus, Thracian or Macedonian ruler near Cypsela (c. 260-c. 240 BC)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Various_non-Odrysian_rulers_in_Thrace[65]"><span id="Various_non-Odrysian_rulers_in_Thrace.5B65.5D"></span>Various non-Odrysian rulers in Thrace<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Various non-Odrysian rulers in Thrace[65]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Abrupolis of the <a href="/wiki/Sapaeans" title="Sapaeans">Sapaeans</a>, fought with Antigonid Macedonia (by 197-172 BC)</li> <li>Autlesbis of the ? <a href="/wiki/Caeni" title="Caeni">Caeni</a>, fought with <a href="/wiki/Cotys_IV" title="Cotys IV">Cotys IV</a> as Roman ally (c. 168 BC)</li> <li>Diegylis of the <a href="/wiki/Caeni" title="Caeni">Caeni</a> (by 150-after 144 BC)</li> <li>Zibelmius of the <a href="/wiki/Caeni" title="Caeni">Caeni</a>, son of Diegylis, murdered (c. 141 BC)</li> <li>Sothimus of the ? <a href="/wiki/Maedi" title="Maedi">Maedi</a>, ally of Mithradates VI, invaded Roman Macedonia (c. 89 BC)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Illyrian_rulers[66]"><span id="Illyrian_rulers.5B66.5D"></span>Illyrian rulers<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Illyrian rulers[66]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pleuratus_II" title="Pleuratus II">Pleuratus I</a> ruler near Skodra (before c. 250 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agron_of_Illyria" title="Agron of Illyria">Agron</a>, son of Pleuratus II (c. 250-230 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnes" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinnes">Pinnes</a>, son of Agron (230-212 BC); under regency of stepmother <a href="/wiki/Teuta" title="Teuta">Teuta</a> 230-228 BC and of stepfather <a href="/wiki/Demetrius_of_Pharos" title="Demetrius of Pharos">Demetrius of Pharos</a> 228-219 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scerdilaidas" title="Scerdilaidas">Scerdilaidas</a>, son of Pleuratus I (212-206 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleuratus_III" title="Pleuratus III">Pleuratus II</a>, son of Scerdilaidas (associated 212, 206-180 BC)<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentius" title="Gentius">Gentius</a> (Genthius), son of Pleuratus II (180-168 BC) <ul><li>168 BC Illyria annexed by the Roman Republic</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Odryso-Astaean_Kingdom">Odryso-<a href="/wiki/Astae" class="mw-redirect" title="Astae">Astaean</a> Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Odryso-Astaean Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OdrysianKingdom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/OdrysianKingdom.jpg/220px-OdrysianKingdom.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/OdrysianKingdom.jpg/330px-OdrysianKingdom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/OdrysianKingdom.jpg/440px-OdrysianKingdom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1102" data-file-height="705" /></a><figcaption>Temporary area of some tribes including Sapei and Astae</figcaption></figure> <p>A possible continuation of the earlier Odrysian monarchy under a line of kings reigning from Bizye (now <a href="/wiki/Vize" title="Vize">Vize</a>) in eastern Thrace.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Cotys V, son of ? Beithys (?-by 87 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadalas_I" title="Sadalas I">Sadalas I</a>, son of Cotys V (by 87–after 79 BC) <ul><li>Amadocus, Odrysian royal sent to the aid of Sulla at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chaeronea_(86_BC)" title="Battle of Chaeronea (86 BC)">Chaeronea</a> in 86 BC</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotys_VI" title="Cotys VI">Cotys VI</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Sadalas_I" title="Sadalas I">Sadalas I</a> (by 57–48 BC)<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadalas_II" title="Sadalas II">Sadalas II</a>, son of Cotys VI (48–42 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadalas_III" title="Sadalas III">Sadalas III</a>, kinsman of Sadalas II (42-31 BC)</li> <li>Cotys VII, son of <a href="/wiki/Sadalas_II" title="Sadalas II">Sadalas II</a> by Polemocratia (31–18 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhescuporis_II_(Astaean)" title="Rhescuporis II (Astaean)">Rhescuporis II (Astaean)</a>, son of Cotys VII by daughter of the Sapaean king Cotys II, killed by the <a href="/wiki/Bessi" title="Bessi">Bessi</a> (18–11 BC) <ul><li>11 BC Astaean Thrace conferred on Rhescuporis II's maternal uncle, the Sapaean king Rhoemetalces I, by the Roman emperor Augustus, thereby uniting Thrace<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sapaean_Kingdom_and_unified_Thrace"><a href="/wiki/Sapaeans" title="Sapaeans">Sapaean</a> Kingdom and unified Thrace</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Sapaean Kingdom and unified Thrace"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Balkans_200AD.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Balkans_200AD.png/220px-Balkans_200AD.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Balkans_200AD.png/330px-Balkans_200AD.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Balkans_200AD.png 2x" data-file-width="436" data-file-height="313" /></a><figcaption>Roman provinces in the Eastern Balkans</figcaption></figure> <p>Originally a local power in the Rhodope area of southern Thrace, the Sapaean kings increased in power and influence and, with Roman blessing, found themselves masters of a unified kingdom of Thrace from 11 BC until the Roman annexation in AD 46. <sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotys_I_(Sapaean)" title="Cotys I (Sapaean)">Cotys I</a>, son of ? Rhoemetalces, 57?–by 48 BC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhescuporis_I_(Sapaean)" title="Rhescuporis I (Sapaean)">Rhescuporis I</a>, son of Cotys I, by 48 BC–41 BC <ul><li>Rhascus, son of Cotys I, associate ruler? c. 42 BC</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotys_II_(Sapaean)" title="Cotys II (Sapaean)">Cotys II</a>, son of Rhescuporis I, 42 BC–31 BC <ul><li>Thrace becomes a unitary <a href="/wiki/Client_state" title="Client state">client state</a> of Rome in 11 BC<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhoemetalces_I" title="Rhoemetalces I">Rhoemetalces I</a>, son of Cotys II, 31 BC–AD 12 (monarch of all Thrace from 11 BC)<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhescuporis_II" title="Rhescuporis II">Rhescuporis II</a>, son of Cotys II, in western Thrace, deposed by the Roman emperor Tiberius I, 12–19</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotys_III_(Sapaean)" title="Cotys III (Sapaean)">Cotys III</a>, son of Rhoemetalces I, in eastern Thrace, killed by his uncle Rhescuporis II, 12–19; married <a href="/wiki/Antonia_Tryphaena" title="Antonia Tryphaena">Antonia Tryphaena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhoemetalces_II" title="Rhoemetalces II">Rhoemetalces II</a>, son of Cotys III and Antonia Tryphaena, 19-38</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonia_Tryphaena" title="Antonia Tryphaena">Antonia Tryphaena</a> (Queen), co-ruler of her son <a href="/wiki/Rhoemetalces_II" title="Rhoemetalces II">Rhoemetalces II</a><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The last client rulers of Thrace: <a href="/wiki/Pythodoris_II" title="Pythodoris II">Pythodoris II</a> (Queen) and <a href="/wiki/Rhoemetalces_III" title="Rhoemetalces III">Rhoemetalces III</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Rhoemetalces_III" title="Rhoemetalces III">Rhoemetalces III</a>, son of Rhescuporis II, 38-46; married his cousin's daughter <a href="/wiki/Pythodoris_II" title="Pythodoris II">Pythodoris II</a> (daughter of Cotys III and Antonia Tryphaena), murdered by wife <ul><li>46 annexation by the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, by the Roman emperor <a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius I</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scythian">Scythian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Scythian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spargapeithes_(Scythian_king)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spargapeithes (Scythian king)">Spargapeithes</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> king of the <a href="/wiki/Agathyrsi" title="Agathyrsi">Agathyrsi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odrysian_kingdom" title="Odrysian kingdom">Odrysian kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapaeans" title="Sapaeans">Sapaeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paeonia_(kingdom)" title="Paeonia (kingdom)">Paeonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_cities_in_Thrace" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ancient cities in Thrace">List of ancient cities in Thrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_tribes_in_Thrace" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ancient tribes in Thrace">List of ancient tribes in Thrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Illyria" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Illyria">List of rulers of Illyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_cities_in_Illyria" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ancient cities in Illyria">List of ancient cities in Illyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_tribes_in_Illyria" title="List of ancient tribes in Illyria">List of ancient tribes in Illyria</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maicar.com/GML/Tereus1.html">Tereus</a>, "Tereus 1 is the cruel Thracian king who helped King Pandion 2 of Athens in his war against King Labdacus 1 of Thebes, and having received one of his daughters seduced the other"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maicar.com/GML/Phineus2.html">Phineus</a>, "Phineus is the blind king and seer"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maicar.com/GML/002GG/ggPhylleus.html">Poltys</a>, "Poltys. An Aenian who entertained Heracles when he came to Aenus in Thrace. He was son of Poseidon [Apd.2.5.9]."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=harpalyce-bio-1&highlight=harpalycus">Harpalyce(Ἁρπαλύκη).</a>, "1. A daughter of Harpalycus, king of the Amymnaeans in Thrace. As <a href="/wiki/Harpalyce_(daughter_of_Harpalycus)" title="Harpalyce (daughter of Harpalycus)">she</a> lost her mother in her infancy, she was brought up by her father with the milk of cows and mares, and was trained in all manly exercises. After the death of her father, whom she had once delivered from the hand of the Myrmidons, she spent her time in the forests as a robber, being so swift in running that horses were unable to overtake her. At length, however, she was caught in a snare by shepherds, who killed her. (Serv. ad Virg. Aen. 1.321; Hyg. Fab. 193.)"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maicar.com/GML/TROJANS.html">Peiros</a>, Peiros. Thracian leader, son of Imbrasus and father of Rhigmus. He was killed by <a href="/wiki/Thoas_(king_of_Aetoila)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thoas (king of Aetoila)">Thoas</a>, Leader of the Aetolians (Hom.Il.4.520ff., 20.484ff.).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maicar.com/GML/Rhesus2.html">Rhesus</a> Rhesus 2 is chiefly remembered because he came from Thrace to defend Troy with great pomp and circumstance, but died on the night of his arrival, without ever engaging in battle.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020219155652/http://homepage.mac.com/cparada/GML/Orpheus.html">Carlos Parada</a>, "Orpheus, king of the Ciconians"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maicar.com/GML/002GG/ggPhylleus.html">Polymestor</a>, "Polymestor 1 (Polymnestor). This is the king of the Bistonians in Thrace"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maicar.com/GML/002GG/ggBoeus.html">Carnabon</a>, "Carnabon. King of the Getae in Thrace who came into power when grain was first given to men [see also Lyncus, and CONSTELLATIONS] [Hyg.Ast.2.14]."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, page 41: "... Trixae and Sophocles (Triptolem, FR 547) mentions a local king, Charnabon, as a typical anti-hero."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Oxford Classical Dictionary by Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-860641-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-860641-9">0-19-860641-9</a>, page 1515, "The Thracians were subdued by the Persians by 516"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> The Histories by Herodotus, John M. Marincola, and Aubery de Selincourt, page 373: "... 500 mercenaries, and married Hegesipyle, daughter of the Thracian King Olorus."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Plutarch's Lives by Plutarch, 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4404-1432-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-4404-1432-7">1-4404-1432-7</a>, page 183: "... Danube, and by winning a signal victory over Syrmus, the King of the Triballi. After this, as he heard that the Thebans had revolted, ..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Oxford Classical Dictionary by Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth, 2003, page 1515: "... *Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus, and *Cicero calls Rabocentus, chief of the Bessi, a faithful ally, although hitherto they had been troublesome ..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Polyaenus: Stratagems - BOOK 7, The generals of the Cebrenii and Sycaeboae, two Thracian tribes, were chosen from among the priests of Hera. Cosingas, according to the tradition of the country, was elected to be their priest and general; but the army took some objection to him, and refused to obey him. To suppress the rebelliousness that had taken hold of the troops, Cosingas built a number of long ladders, and fastened them one to another. He then put out a report, that he had decided to climb up to heaven, in order to inform Hera of the disobedience of the Thracians. The Thracians, who are notoriously stupid and ridiculous, were terrified by the idea of their general's intended journey, and the resulting wrath of heaven. They implored him not to carry out his plan, and they promised with an oath to obey all of his future commands.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Odrysian Kingdom of Thrace: Orpheus Unmasked (Oxford Monographs on Classical Archaeology) by Z. H. Archibald, 1998, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-815047-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-815047-4">0-19-815047-4</a>, page 106</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ancient Coins of Greek Cities and Kings: From Various Collections Principally in Great Britain by James Millingen, 2004, page 42: "... silver mines so renowned in history. A coin of Geta, king of the Edones, with the legend FETAI HAONEON BAIIAEYI of the same types, ..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Atlas of Classical History by R. Talbert, 1989, page 63, "Getae under Cothelas"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://revistapontica.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/pontica-3-pag-125-129.pdf">https://revistapontica.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/pontica-3-pag-125-129.pdf</a> Radu Ocheșeanu: Monedele basileului Moskon aflate în colecțiile Muzeului de Arheologie Constanța</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, Index Dromichaetes King of the Getians</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGing B.C.: <i>The foreign policy of Mithridates VI Eupator, King of Pontus</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kurt W. Treptow and Ioan Bolovan in “A history of Romania - East European Monographs”, 1996, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780880333450" title="Special:BookSources/9780880333450">9780880333450</a>, page 17 "..Two inscriptions discovered at Histria indicate that Geto-Dacian rulers (Zalmodegikos and later Rhemaxos) continued to exercise control over that city-state around 200 BC ...."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Hellenistic Age from the Battle of Ipsos to the Death of Kleopatra VII by Stanley M. Burstein, 1985, Index Rhemaxos Getic or Scythian ruler</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kurt W. Treptow and Ioan Bolovan in “A history of Romania - East European Monographs”, 1996, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780880333450" title="Special:BookSources/9780880333450">9780880333450</a>, page 17 "Two inscriptions discovered at Histria indicate that Geto-Dacian rulers (Zalmodegikos and later Rhemaxos) continued to exercise control over that city-state around 200 BC ...."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, Index Rubobostes Dacian King</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gagarin2010-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gagarin2010_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTheodossiev2010" class="citation book cs1">Theodossiev, Nikola (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lNV6-HsUppsC&pg=RA6-PA55">"Thrace"</a>. In Gagarin, Michael (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome</i>. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. p. 55. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517072-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517072-6"><bdi>978-0-19-517072-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Thrace&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Greece+and+Rome&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-19-517072-6&rft.aulast=Theodossiev&rft.aufirst=Nikola&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlNV6-HsUppsC%26pg%3DRA6-PA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+kings+of+Thrace+and+Dacia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, page 53, "Dacian King Oroles"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, page 47, "Dicomes of the Getians"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Roman History: The Reign of Augustus by Cassius Dio, Ian Scott-Kilvert, and John Carter, 1987, page 85: "... Then he completed their destruction with the help of Roles, the king of a tribe of the Getae. When Roles visited Octavian, he was treated as a friend ..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cassius Dio. Roman History, Book LI. "While he was thus engaged, Roles, who had become embroiled with Dapyx, himself also king of a tribe of the Getae, sent for him. Crassus went to his aid, and by hurling the horse of his opponents back upon their infantry he so thoroughly terrified the latter also that what followed was no longer a battle but a great slaughter of fleeing men of both arms. Next he cut off Dapyx, who had taken refuge in a fort, and besieged him. In the course of the siege someone hailed him from the walls in Greek, obtained a conference with him, and arranged to betray the place. The barbarians, thus captured, turned upon one another, and Dapyx was killed along with many others. His brother, however, Crassus took alive, and not only did him no harm but actually released him."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, page 146, "Zyraxes who ruled in Dobruja"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Studies in Ancient Greek and Roman Society by Robin Osborne, 2004, page 128: "... of its citizens, named Akornion, went on an embassy to Burebista, the first and greatest of the kings in Thrace..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, Index (Decaeneus/Dekaineus/Dicineus) Dacian High priest"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerciu1981139-140-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerciu1981139-140_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerciu1981">Berciu 1981</a>, p. 139-140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, page 48, "The Dacian king Cotiso"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dacia_2007,_page_72-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dacia_2007,_page_72_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dacia_2007,_page_72_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, page 72, "At least two of his successors Comosicus and Scorillo/Corilus/Scoriscus became high priests and eventually Dacian kings"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dacia_2007,_page_47-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dacia_2007,_page_47_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dacia_2007,_page_47_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, page 47, "Kings Coson (who minted his own coins) and Duras"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>De Imperatoribus Romanis</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.roman-emperors.org/assobd.htm#t-inx">[1]</a>. Retrieved 2007-11-08. "In the year 88, the Romans resumed the offensive. The Roman troops were now led by the general Tettius Iulianus. The battle took place again at Tapae but this time the Romans defeated the Dacians. For fear of falling into a trap, Iulianus abandoned his plans of conquering Sarmizegetuza and, at the same time, Decebalus asked for peace. At first, Domitian refused this request, but after he was defeated in a war in Pannonia against the Marcomanni (a Germanic tribe), the emperor was obliged to accept the peace."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilhelm Tomachek in “Les restes de la langue dace” published in “Le Muséon By Société des lettres et des sciences, Louvain, Belgium, page 407 "Pieporus, prince des daces Costoboces..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gudmund Schütte in Ptolemy's maps of northern Europe, H. Hagerup, 1917 page 82 "historical king Pieporus. The same author Schütte in “Our forefathers” published by University Press, 1929 page 74 "The North Dacian tribes of the Koistobokoi and Karpoi unlike the rest of Dacia escaped the Roman conquest of AD 105..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilhelm Tomachek (1883): “Les restes de la langue dace” published in “Le Muséon By Société des lettres et des sciences, Louvain, Belgium, page 409</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Batty" title="Roger Batty">Batty, Roger</a> (2007): <i>Rome and the Nomads: the Pontic-Danubian realm in antiquity</i>, Oxford University Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-814936-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-814936-0">0-19-814936-0</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-814936-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-814936-1">978-0-19-814936-1</a>, page 366</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Oxford Illustrated History of Prehistoric Europe (Oxford Illustrated Histories) by Barry Cunliffe, 2001, page 380</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Strabo, Geography(7.5.2), "A part of this country was laid waste by the Dacians when they subdued the Boii and Taurisci, Celtic tribes under the rule of Critasirus"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Ancient Celts by Barry Cunliffe, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-025422-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-025422-6">0-14-025422-6</a>, 2000, page 86: "... distinguished suggests that one of the returning groups, led by Bathanatos, finally settled in the Middle Danube region at the confluence ..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Celts - a History, The by Daithi O HOgain, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-905172-20-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-905172-20-6">1-905172-20-6</a>, 2006, page 60, "... those who, on their return from Greece under their leader Bathanatos, had settled at the confluence of the Danube and the ..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KUMN6htYGkllpRxMe21VvklbH7zyXvFl/view?usp=sharing">Mladjov, Thracian Kings, University of Michigan</a>. Compare Werner 1961: 115, 239</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Celts and the Classical World by David Rankin, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-15090-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-15090-6">0-415-15090-6</a>, 1996, page 189: "According to Polybius, the last of the kings of Tylis, Cavarus, was a man of magnanimity and regal character" (8.24).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Heckel, Waldemar. Who's Who in the Age of Alexander the Great: Prosopography of Alexander's Empire. Blackwell Publishing, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4051-1210-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-4051-1210-7">1-4051-1210-7</a>, p. 155. "In 306 or 305, he assumed the title of "King", which he held until his death at Corupedium in 282/1."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Heckel, Waldemar. Who's Who in the Age of Alexander the Great: Prosopography of Alexander's Empire. Blackwell Publishing, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4051-1210-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-4051-1210-7">1-4051-1210-7</a>, p. 155. "In 323 Lysimachus was assigned control of Thrace, and was probably strategos rather than satrap. The subordinate position of strategos may account for the failure of the sources to mention Lysimachus in the settlement of Triparadeisus; his brother <a href="/wiki/Autodicus" title="Autodicus">Autodicus</a> was, however, named as a Somatophylax of Philip III at that time</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Thracians 700 BC-AD 46 by Christopher Webber, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84176-329-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-84176-329-2">1-84176-329-2</a>, 2001, page 11, "Philip V of Macedon occupied all the cities in Thrace up to the Hellespont, "</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KUMN6htYGkllpRxMe21VvklbH7zyXvFl/view?usp=sharing">Mladjov, Thracian Kings, University of Michigan</a>. Compare Werner 1961: 111-114, 239-240; Topalov 1994.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Odrysian Kingdom of Thrace: Orpheus Unmasked (Oxford Monographs on Classical Archaeology) by Z. H. Archibald,1998, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-815047-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-815047-4">0-19-815047-4</a>, page 105</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Odrysian Kingdom of Thrace: Orpheus Unmasked (Oxford Monographs on Classical Archaeology) by Z. H. Archibald,1998, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-815047-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-815047-4">0-19-815047-4</a>, page 107</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KUMN6htYGkllpRxMe21VvklbH7zyXvFl/view?usp=sharing">Mladjov, Thracian Kings, University of Michigan</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thrace-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Thrace_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/GreeceThrace.htm"><i>Thrace</i></a>. The History Files.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thrace&rft.pub=The+History+Files&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyfiles.co.uk%2FKingListsEurope%2FGreeceThrace.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+kings+of+Thrace+and+Dacia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, William (1867). "Amadocus (I)". In William Smith. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Topalov 1994</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Archibald 1998</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Topalov 2001: 272-278</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KUMN6htYGkllpRxMe21VvklbH7zyXvFl/view?usp=sharing">Mladjov, Thracian Kings, University of Michigan</a>. Compare Werner 1961: 114-115, 239</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manov 2015 dates the coins and inscription naming "Rhescuporis son of Cotys" to the beginning of the First Century AD and argues that they are the Sapaean Cotys III and his uncle Rhescuporis II/III. While a later date for this Rhescuporis and his father Cotys may be advisable (and therefore this Cotys would be distinct from Cotys son of Rhaezdus), Manov's hypothesis contradicts the father-son relationship between Cotys and Rhescuporis in the sources.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KUMN6htYGkllpRxMe21VvklbH7zyXvFl/view?usp=sharing">Mladjov, Thracian Kings, University of Michigan</a>, who also gives an alternative sequence should Rhoegus be placed in the early Third Century BC: "But if Roigos is dated to the early 3rd century and was a son of Seuthēs III (e.g., Kojčev 2008), the pedigree and succession could be restored as follows: Seuthēs III–Roigos–Seuthēs IV–Tērēs IV–Seuthēs V; our Tērēs VI would become Tērēs V." Compare Werner 1961: 114-117, 239.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jurukova 1992: 105-152.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Werner 1961: 115-119, 239.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Werner 1961: 90-93, 241.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The History Of Rome by Livy, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4191-6629-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-4191-6629-8">1-4191-6629-8</a>, page 27: "Pleuratus and Scerdilaedus might be included in the treaty. Attalus was king of Pergamum in Asia Minor; Pleuratus, king of the Thracians;</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KUMN6htYGkllpRxMe21VvklbH7zyXvFl/view?usp=sharing">Mladjov, Thracian Kings, University of Michigan</a>; Werner 1961: 117-119, 239, 242; Sullivan 1990: 25-30, 145-151, stemma 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKessler" class="citation web cs1">Kessler, P L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/GreeceThraceSapes.htm">"Kingdoms of Greece - Sapes (Thrace)"</a>. <i>www.historyfiles.co.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.historyfiles.co.uk&rft.atitle=Kingdoms+of+Greece+-+Sapes+%28Thrace%29&rft.aulast=Kessler&rft.aufirst=P+L&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyfiles.co.uk%2FKingListsEurope%2FGreeceThraceSapes.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+kings+of+Thrace+and+Dacia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tačeva 1997: 83-95, 246-247, develops an alternative to the long-dominant reconstruction of the political, chronological, and genealogical relationships reflected in this list (established by Dessau in 1913 and widely accepted, e.g., Sullivan 1990), having the Odrysian-Astaean line end with Sadalas II in 42 BC, making Cotys VII the brother (not brother-in-law) of the Sapaean Rhoemetalces I, and identifying Cotys VII's son Rhescuporis II (not Rhoemetalces I's brother, the Sapaean Rhescuporis II) as the father of Rhoemetalces II. Despite some improbabilities, this reconstruction has gained some acceptance at least as a viable alternative. A variation on this reconstruction by Delev 2016b accepts ending the Odrysian-Astaean line with Sadalas II (whom he combines with Sadalas III to end c. 31 BC), followed by Cotys VII, older brother (not brother-in-law) of the Sapaean Rhoemetalces I, and father of Rhescuporis II, but not grandfather of Rhoemetalces II (who would remain son of the Sapaean Rhescuporis II/III, the younger brother of Rhoemetalces I). In Delev 2016a, the same author posits that Cotys VII need not have reigned.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KUMN6htYGkllpRxMe21VvklbH7zyXvFl/view?usp=sharing">Mladjov, Thracian Kings, University of Michigan</a>; Werner 1961: 118-120, 239, 242; Sullivan 1990: 25-30, 145-151, stemma 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KUMN6htYGkllpRxMe21VvklbH7zyXvFl/view?usp=sharing">Mladjov, Thracian Kings, University of Michigan</a>, "On the death of the last Astaean king in 11 BC, the Roman emperor Augustus conferred all of Thrace on the dead king’s Sapaean uncle Roimētalkēs I. In AD 46, on the murder of Roimētalkēs III by his wife, the kingdom of Thrace was annexed as a province by the Roman emperor Claudius I."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tačeva 1997: 83-95, 246-247, develops an alternative to the long-dominant reconstruction of the political, chronological, and genealogical relationships reflected in this list (established by Dessau in 1913 and widely accepted, e.g., Sullivan 1990), having the Odrysian-Astaean line end with Sadalas II in 42 BC, making Cotys VII the brother (not brother-in-law) of the Sapaean Rhoemetalces I, and identifying Cotys VII's son Rhescuporis II (not Rhoemetalces I's brother, the Sapaean Rhescuporis II) as the father of Rhoemetalces II. Despite some improbabilities, this reconstruction has gained some acceptance at least as a viable alternative. A variation on this reconstruction by Delev 2016b accepts ending the Odrysian-Astaean line with Sadalas II (whom he combines with Sadalas III to end c. 31 BC), followed by Cotys VII, older brother (not brother-in-law) of the Sapaean Rhoemetalces I, and father of Rhescuporis II, but not grandfather of Rhoemetalces II (who would remain son of the Sapaean Rhescuporis II/III, the younger brother of Rhoemetalces I). In Delev 2016a, the same author posits that Cotys VII need not have reigned. If Delev's reconstruction is correct, the Sapaean unification of Thrace would be under Cotys II in 31 BC, and he would be followed by his grandson Rhescuporis II, then the latter's uncle and guardian (Cotys II's son) Rhoemetalces I, the remaining relationships remaining unchanged from the ones indicated in this list, except perhaps for the numeration of rulers named Cotys and Rhescuporis.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG253666">"Antonia Tryphaena"</a>. <i>British Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Museum&rft.atitle=Antonia+Tryphaena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishmuseum.org%2Fcollection%2Fterm%2FBIOG253666&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+kings+of+Thrace+and+Dacia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiszczak2021" class="citation book cs1">Miszczak, Izabela (2021-03-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9IQiEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT5"><i>Edirne: Gateway to the Balkans</i></a>. ASLAN Izabela Sobota-Miszczak. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-83-956540-6-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-83-956540-6-0"><bdi>978-83-956540-6-0</bdi></a>. <q>The last client rulers of Thrace were Queen Pythodoris II and King Rhoemetalces III.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edirne%3A+Gateway+to+the+Balkans&rft.pub=ASLAN+Izabela+Sobota-Miszczak&rft.date=2021-03-10&rft.isbn=978-83-956540-6-0&rft.aulast=Miszczak&rft.aufirst=Izabela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9IQiEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+kings+of+Thrace+and+Dacia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Readings in Greek History: Sources and Interpretations by D. Brendan Nagle and Stanley M. Burstein, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-517825-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-517825-4">0-19-517825-4</a>, 2006, page 26: "... Ariapeithes, the Scythian king, had several sons, among them, ... by Spargapeithes, king of the Agathyrsi; whereupon Scylas succeeded to the throne, and married one of ..."</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_kings_of_Thrace_and_Dacia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Histories</i>, translated by G. C. Macaulay, Barnes & Noble, Inc., 2004.</li> <li>Z. Archibald, <i>The Odrysian kingdom of Thrace</i>, Oxford, 1998.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerciu1981" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dumitru_Berciu" title="Dumitru Berciu">Berciu, Dumitru</a> (1981). <i>Buridava dacica, Volume 1</i>. Editura Academiei.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buridava+dacica%2C+Volume+1&rft.pub=Editura+Academiei&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Berciu&rft.aufirst=Dumitru&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+kings+of+Thrace+and+Dacia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>P. Delev, "Cotys son of Rhascuporis," in: M. Slavova, N. Šarankov (eds.), <i>Studia Classica Serdicensia V. Monuments and Texts in Antiquity and beyond. Essays for the Centenary of Georgi Mihailov (1915-1991)</i>, Sofia, 2016a: 119-129.</li> <li>P. Delev, "Za genealogijata na Sapejskata dinastija" in: P. Delev (ed.), <i>Symposion. Studies in memory of prof. Dimitar Popov</i>, Sofia, 2016b: 148-173.</li> <li>H. Dessau, "Reges Thraciae qui fuerint imperante Augusto," <i>Ephemeris Epigraphica</i> 9 (1913) 696-706.</li> <li>J. Jurukova, <i>Monetite na trakijskite plemena i vladeteli</i>, vol. 1., Sofia, 1992.</li> <li>M. Manov, "Dekret na Apolonija s novo datirane," <i>Numizmatika, Sfragistika i Epigrafika</i> 11 (2015) 167-173.</li> <li>R. D. Sullivan, <i>Near Eastern Royalty and Rome, 100-30 BC</i>, Toronto, 1990.</li> <li>M. Tačeva, <i>Istorija na bălgarskite zemi v drevnostta prez elinističeskata i rimskata epoha,</i> Sofia, 1997.</li> <li>S. Topalov, <i>The Odrysian Kingdom from the Late 5th to the Mid-4th C. B.C.</i>, Sofia, 1994.</li> <li>S. Topalov, <i>Contributions to the Study of the Coinage and History in the Lands of Eastern Thrace from the End of the 4th C. B.C. to the end of the 3rd C. B.C.</i>, Sofia, 2001.</li> <li>R. Werner, in: W.-D. von Barloewen (ed.), <i>Abriss der Geschichte antiker Randkulturen</i>, Munich, 1961: 83-150, 239-242.</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style 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style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dacia_topics" title="Template:Dacia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dacia_topics" title="Template talk:Dacia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dacia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dacia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dacia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dacia" title="Dacia">Dacia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Dacian_tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Dacian tribes">Tribes</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Daco-Thracian_peoples_and_tribes" title="List of ancient Daco-Thracian peoples and tribes">List</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aedi" title="Aedi">Aedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albocenses" title="Albocenses">Albocenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anartes" title="Anartes">Anartes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apuli" title="Apuli">Apuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biephi" title="Biephi">Biephi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessi" title="Bessi">Bessi</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bessoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bessoi">Bessoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burs_(Dacia)" title="Burs (Dacia)">Burs (Dacia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpi_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpi people">Carpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciaginsi" title="Ciaginsi">Ciaginsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clariae" title="Clariae">Clariae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costoboci" title="Costoboci">Costoboci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crobidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Crobidae">Crobidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacians" title="Dacians">Daci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getae" title="Getae">Getae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moesi" title="Moesi">Moesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peukini" class="mw-redirect" title="Peukini">Peukini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piephigi" title="Piephigi">Piephigi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potulatenses" title="Potulatenses">Potulatenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predasenses" title="Predasenses">Predasenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhadacenses" title="Rhadacenses">Rhadacenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saldenses" title="Saldenses">Saldenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scaugdae" title="Scaugdae">Scaugdae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senses_(tribe)" title="Senses (tribe)">Senses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suci" title="Suci">Suci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terizi" title="Terizi">Terizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teurisci" title="Teurisci">Teurisci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trixae" title="Trixae">Trixae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyragetae" title="Tyragetae">Tyragetae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troglodytae#In_Strabo" title="Troglodytae">Troglodytae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Dacian_kings" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Dacian kings">Kings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coson" class="mw-redirect" title="Coson">Coson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cothelas" title="Cothelas">Cothelas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dromichaetes" title="Dromichaetes">Dromichaetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moskon" title="Moskon">Moskon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oroles" title="Oroles">Oroles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhemaxos" title="Rhemaxos">Rhemaxos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubobostes" title="Rubobostes">Rubobostes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalmodegicus" class="mw-redirect" title="Zalmodegicus">Zalmodegicus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dacian nucleus in Transylvania<sup><small>1</small></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burebista" title="Burebista">Burebista</a> (82/61–44 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deceneus" title="Deceneus">Deceneus</a> (44 BC–???)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comosicus" title="Comosicus">Comosicus</a> (9 BC(?)–30s AD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scorilo" title="Scorilo">Scorilo</a> (c. 30s–70 AD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duras_(Dacian_king)" title="Duras (Dacian king)">Duras</a> (c. 69–87 AD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decebalus" title="Decebalus">Decebalus</a> (87–106 AD)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dacian kingdom of Banat and Oltenia<sup><small>1</small></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotiso" title="Cotiso">Cotiso</a> (c. 40–c. 9 BC)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dacian kingdom of Dobruja<sup><small>1</small></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dapyx" title="Dapyx">Dapyx</a> (1st-century BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rholes" title="Rholes">Rholes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zyraxes" title="Zyraxes">Zyraxes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dacian kingdom of Wallachia and<br />southern Moldavia and Transylvania<sup><small>1</small></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicomes" title="Dicomes">Dicomes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dacians" title="Dacians">Culture and<br />civilization</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.8em;font-weight:normal;">Artifacts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koson_(coin)" title="Koson (coin)">Coinage</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dacia_and_Dacians" class="extiw" title="commons:Dacia and Dacians">Art, jewellery, treasures, tools</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Dacian_bracelets" title="Dacian bracelets">bracelets</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_clothing" title="Thracian clothing">Clothing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.8em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Dacian_language" title="Dacian language">Language</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belagines" title="Belagines">Belagines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romanian_words_of_possible_Dacian_origin" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Romanian words of possible Dacian origin">Words of possible Dacian origin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Dacian_plant_names" title="List of Dacian plant names">Dacian plant names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Dacian_names" title="List of Dacian names">Dacian names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacian_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacian script">Dacian script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinaia_lead_plates" title="Sinaia lead plates">Sinaia lead plates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daco-Thracian" class="mw-redirect" title="Daco-Thracian">Daco-Thracian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_language" title="Thracian language">Thracian language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thraco-Illyrian" title="Thraco-Illyrian">Thraco-Illyrian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.8em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Balkan_mythology" title="Paleo-Balkan mythology">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Deities" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bendis" title="Bendis">Bendis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deceneus" title="Deceneus">Deceneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derzelas" title="Derzelas">Derzelas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gebeleizis" title="Gebeleizis">Gebeleizis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotys_(Thracian_goddess)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kotys (Thracian goddess)">Kotys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleistoros" title="Pleistoros">Pleistoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabazios" title="Sabazios">Sabazios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semele" title="Semele">Semele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Seirenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silenus" title="Silenus">Silenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalmoxis" title="Zalmoxis">Zalmoxis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dacian_Draco" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacian Draco">Dacian Draco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kogaionon" title="Kogaionon">Kogaionon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.8em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_cities_in_Thrace_and_Dacia" title="List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia">Settlements</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_Dacian_towns_and_fortresses" title="List of Dacian towns and fortresses">Fortresses</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarmizegetusa_Regia" title="Sarmizegetusa Regia">Sarmizegetusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argidava" title="Argidava">Argidava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buridava" title="Buridava">Buridava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumidava" title="Cumidava">Cumidava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piroboridava" title="Piroboridava">Piroboridava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sucidava" title="Sucidava">Sucidava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dava_(Dacian)" title="Dava (Dacian)">Davae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacian_Fortresses_of_the_Or%C4%83%C8%99tie_Mountains" title="Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains">Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murus_Dacicus" title="Murus Dacicus">Murus Dacicus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.8em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Foreign<br />relations</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_cities_in_Thrace_and_Dacia#West_Thracian_and_Dacian_coast" title="List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia">Greeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_cities_in_Thrace_and_Dacia#Celtic" title="List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia">Celts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcomannic_Wars" title="Marcomannic Wars">Germanic tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decree_of_Dionysopolis" title="Decree of Dionysopolis">Romans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.8em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dacian_warfare" title="Dacian warfare">Warfare</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falx" title="Falx">Falx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sica" title="Sica">Sica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_warfare" title="Thracian warfare">Thracian warfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Wars with the<br /><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.8em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Domitian%27s_Dacian_War" title="Domitian's Dacian War">Domitian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domitian%27s_Dacian_War" title="Domitian's Dacian War">First Battle of Tapae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.8em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Trajan%27s_Dacian_Wars" title="Trajan's Dacian Wars">Trajan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Dacian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Dacian War">First War</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Tapae" title="Second Battle of Tapae">Second Battle of Tapae</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Adamclisi" title="Battle of Adamclisi">Battle of Adamclisi</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Dacian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Dacian War">Second War</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarmizegetusa" title="Battle of Sarmizegetusa">Battle of Sarmizegetusa</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Dacia" title="Roman Dacia">Roman Dacia</a> / <a href="/wiki/Free_Dacians" title="Free Dacians">Free Dacians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dacia_Traiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacia Traiana">Dacia Traiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moesia" title="Moesia">Moesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythia_Minor_(Dobruja)" title="Scythia Minor (Dobruja)">Scythia Minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacia_Aureliana" title="Dacia Aureliana">Dacia Aureliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Dacia" title="Diocese of Dacia">Diocese of Dacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacia_Mediterranea" title="Dacia Mediterranea">Dacia Mediterranea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacia_Ripensis" title="Dacia Ripensis">Dacia Ripensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Trajan%27s_Bridge" title="Trajan's Bridge">Bridge</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Trajan%27s_Column" title="Trajan's Column">Column</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_cities_in_Thrace_and_Dacia#Roman" title="List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia">Towns and cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castra_in_Dacia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of castra in Dacia">Castra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.8em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Limes_(Roman_Empire)" title="Limes (Roman Empire)">Limes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limes_Alutanus" title="Limes Alutanus">Alutanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limes_Moesiae" class="mw-redirect" title="Limes Moesiae">Moesiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limes_Porolissensis" title="Limes Porolissensis">Porolissensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Dykes" title="Devil's Dykes">Sarmatiae (Devil's Dykes)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limes_Transalutanus" title="Limes Transalutanus">Transalutanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trajan%27s_Wall" title="Trajan's Wall">Trajan's Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazda_lui_Novac" title="Brazda lui Novac">Brazda lui Novac</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.8em;font-weight:normal;">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daco-Roman" title="Daco-Roman">Daco-Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thraco-Roman" title="Thraco-Roman">Thraco-Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Romance_substratum" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Romance substratum">Eastern Romance substratum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dacian_archaeology" title="Category:Dacian archaeology">Archaeology</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Archaeological_sites_in_Romania" title="Category:Archaeological sites in Romania">sites in Romania</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Books_about_Dacia" title="Category:Books about Dacia">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacianism" title="Dacianism">Dacianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacology" title="Dacology">Dacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracology" title="Thracology">Thracology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Dacia" title="Category:Dacia">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:WikiProject_Dacia" class="extiw" title="commons:Commons:WikiProject Dacia">Commons</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Dacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Dacia">WikiProject</a></li> <li><sup><small>1</small></sup> Dacian kingdoms succeeding Burebista's state and preceding Decebalus' state</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancient_Greece" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancient_Greece_topics" title="Template:Ancient Greece topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ancient_Greece_topics" title="Template talk:Ancient Greece topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient_Greece_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient Greece topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_Greece" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_ancient_Greece" title="Timeline of ancient Greece">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="HistoryGeography" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Greece" title="History of Greece">History</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_ancient_Greece" title="Regions of ancient Greece">Geography</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Periods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cycladic_culture" title="Cycladic culture">Cycladic civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minoan_civilization" title="Minoan civilization">Minoan civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greece" title="Mycenaean Greece">Mycenaean Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Dark_Ages" title="Greek Dark Ages">Greek Dark Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaic_Greece" title="Archaic Greece">Archaic Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Greece" title="Classical Greece">Classical Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_Greece" title="Hellenistic Greece">Hellenistic Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece_in_the_Roman_era" title="Greece in the Roman era">Roman Greece</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_ancient_Greece" title="Regions of ancient Greece">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea" title="Aegean Sea">Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeolis" title="Aeolis">Aeolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrenaica" title="Cyrenaica">Cyrenaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doric_Hexapolis" title="Doric Hexapolis">Doris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus" title="Epirus">Epirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dardanelles" title="Dardanelles">Hellespont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionia" title="Ionia">Ionia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_Sea" title="Ionian Sea">Ionian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peloponnese" title="Peloponnese">Peloponnesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(region)" title="Pontus (region)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Taurica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonies_in_antiquity" title="Colonies in antiquity">Ancient Greek colonies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="City_statesPoliticsMilitary" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polis" title="Polis">City states</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece#Politics_and_society" title="Ancient Greece">Politics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_warfare" title="Ancient Greek warfare">Military</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polis" title="Polis">City states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Argos" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Argos">Argos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Athens" title="Classical Athens">Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantium" title="Byzantium">Byzantion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcis" title="Chalcis">Chalcis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephesus" title="Ephesus">Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miletus" title="Miletus">Miletus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon">Pergamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eretria" title="Eretria">Eretria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corfu" title="Corfu">Kerkyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larissa" title="Larissa">Larissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalopolis,_Greece" title="Megalopolis, Greece">Megalopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Thebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megara" title="Megara">Megara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lissus_(Crete)" title="Lissus (Crete)">Lissus (Crete)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kingdoms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bithynia" title="Kingdom of Bithynia">Bithynia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Cappadocia" title="Kingdom of Cappadocia">Cappadocia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_(ancient_state)" title="Epirus (ancient state)">Epirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Bactrian_Kingdom" title="Greco-Bactrian Kingdom">Greco-Bactrian Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Greek_Kingdom" title="Indo-Greek Kingdom">Indo-Greek Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(ancient_kingdom)" title="Macedonia (ancient kingdom)">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Pergamon" title="Kingdom of Pergamon">Pergamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Pontus" title="Kingdom of Pontus">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_Kingdom" title="Ptolemaic Kingdom">Ptolemaic Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_Empire" title="Seleucid Empire">Seleucid Empire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">Federations</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Confederation" title="Confederation">Confederations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doric_Hexapolis" title="Doric Hexapolis">Doric Hexapolis</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1100</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 560 BC</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italiotes#Italiote_League" title="Italiotes">Italiote League</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 800</span>–389 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_League" title="Ionian League">Ionian League</a> (c. 650–404 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_League" title="Peloponnesian League">Peloponnesian League</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 550</span>–366 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphictyonic_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphictyonic League">Amphictyonic League</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 595</span>–279 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acarnanian_League" title="Acarnanian League">Acarnanian League</a> (c. 500–31 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Persian_Wars" title="Greco-Persian Wars">Hellenic League</a> (499–449 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delian_League" title="Delian League">Delian League</a> (478–404 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcidian_League" title="Chalcidian League">Chalcidian League</a> (430–348 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeotia#Boeotian_League" title="Boeotia">Boeotian League</a> (c. 424–c. 395 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aetolian_League" title="Aetolian League">Aetolian League</a> (c. 400–188 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Athenian_League" title="Second Athenian League">Second Athenian League</a> (378–355 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thessalian_League" title="Thessalian League">Thessalian League</a> (374–196 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcadian_League" title="Arcadian League">Arcadian League</a> (370–c. 230 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirote_League" title="Epirote League">Epirote League</a> (370–168 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Corinth" title="League of Corinth">League of Corinth</a> (338–322 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euboean_League" title="Euboean League">Euboean League</a> (c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaean_League" title="Achaean League">Achaean League</a> (280–146 BC)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece#Politics_and_society" title="Ancient Greece">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boule_(ancient_Greece)" title="Boule (ancient Greece)">Boule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_city_(classical_antiquity)" title="Free city (classical antiquity)">Free city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koinon" title="Koinon">Koinon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proxeny" title="Proxeny">Proxeny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stasis_(ancient_Greece)" title="Stasis (ancient Greece)">Stasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagus_(title)" title="Tagus (title)">Tagus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrant" title="Tyrant">Tyrant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Athenian_democracy" title="Athenian democracy">Athenian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agora" title="Agora">Agora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Areopagus" title="Areopagus">Areopagus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_(ancient_Athens)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecclesia (ancient Athens)">Ecclesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphe_paranomon" title="Graphe paranomon">Graphe paranomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliaia" title="Heliaia">Heliaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostracism" title="Ostracism">Ostracism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Spartan_Constitution" title="Spartan Constitution">Spartan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_(Sparta)" title="Ecclesia (Sparta)">Ekklesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephor" title="Ephor">Ephor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerousia" title="Gerousia">Gerousia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(ancient_kingdom)" title="Macedonia (ancient kingdom)">Macedon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synedrion" title="Synedrion">Synedrion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koinon_of_Macedonians" class="mw-redirect" title="Koinon of Macedonians">Koinon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_warfare" title="Ancient Greek warfare">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_Greece" title="List of wars involving Greece">Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athenian_military" title="Athenian military">Athenian military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scythian_archers" title="Scythian archers">Scythian archers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigonid_Macedonian_army" title="Antigonid Macedonian army">Antigonid Macedonian army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Macedonian_army" title="Ancient Macedonian army">Army of Macedon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballista" title="Ballista">Ballista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_archers" title="Cretan archers">Cretan archers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_armies" title="Hellenistic armies">Hellenistic armies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippeis" title="Hippeis">Hippeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoplite" title="Hoplite">Hoplite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companion_cavalry" title="Companion cavalry">Hetairoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_phalanx" title="Macedonian phalanx">Macedonian phalanx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Mycenaean_Greece" title="Military of Mycenaean Greece">Military of Mycenaean Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phalanx" title="Phalanx">Phalanx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peltast" title="Peltast">Peltast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pezhetairos" title="Pezhetairos">Pezhetairos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarissa" title="Sarissa">Sarissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Band_of_Thebes" title="Sacred Band of Thebes">Sacred Band of Thebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciritae" title="Sciritae">Sciritae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_army" title="Seleucid army">Seleucid army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartan_army" title="Spartan army">Spartan army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategos" title="Strategos">Strategos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxotai" title="Toxotai">Toxotai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiphos" title="Xiphos">Xiphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xyston" title="Xyston">Xyston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="People" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greeks" title="Category:Ancient Greeks">People</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="List_of_ancient_Greeks"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greeks" title="List of ancient Greeks">List of ancient Greeks</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_rulers_of_Greece#Antiquity" class="mw-redirect" title="Lists of rulers of Greece">Rulers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Argos" title="List of kings of Argos">Kings of Argos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eponymous_archon" title="Eponymous archon">Archons of Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Athens" title="List of kings of Athens">Kings of Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Commagene" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Commagene">Kings of Commagene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diadochi" title="Diadochi">Diadochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Macedonia" title="List of kings of Macedonia">Kings of Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Thrace_and_Dacia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Thrace and Dacia">Kings of Paionia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attalid_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Attalid dynasty">Attalid kings of Pergamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Pontus" class="mw-redirect" title="List of kings of Pontus">Kings of Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_dynasty" title="Ptolemaic dynasty">Ptolemaic dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_dynasty" title="Seleucid dynasty">Seleucid dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Sparta" title="List of kings of Sparta">Kings of Sparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tyrants_of_Syracuse" title="List of tyrants of Syracuse">Tyrants of Syracuse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists & scholars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_astronomers" title="List of ancient Greek astronomers">Astronomers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Graeco-Roman_geographers" title="List of Graeco-Roman geographers">Geographers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_historians" title="List of ancient Greek historians">Historians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_mathematicians" title="List of ancient Greek mathematicians">Mathematicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_philosophers" title="List of ancient Greek philosophers">Philosophers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_playwrights" title="List of ancient Greek playwrights">Playwrights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_poets" title="List of ancient Greek poets">Poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Sages_of_Greece" title="Seven Sages of Greece">Seven Sages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_writers" title="List of ancient Greek writers">Writers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_philosophy" title="Ancient Greek philosophy">Philosophers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anaxagoras" title="Anaxagoras">Anaxagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaximander" title="Anaximander">Anaximander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaximenes_of_Miletus" title="Anaximenes of Miletus">Anaximenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisthenes" title="Antisthenes">Antisthenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democritus" title="Democritus">Democritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diogenes" title="Diogenes">Diogenes of Sinope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empedocles" title="Empedocles">Empedocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicurus" title="Epicurus">Epicurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgias" title="Gorgias">Gorgias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraclitus" title="Heraclitus">Heraclitus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypatia" title="Hypatia">Hypatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leucippus" title="Leucippus">Leucippus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmenides" title="Parmenides">Parmenides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protagoras" title="Protagoras">Protagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythagoras" title="Pythagoras">Pythagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socrates" title="Socrates">Socrates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thales_of_Miletus" title="Thales of Miletus">Thales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeno_of_Elea" title="Zeno of Elea">Zeno</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_literature" title="Ancient Greek literature">Authors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesop" title="Aesop">Aesop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcaeus_of_Mytilene" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcaeus of Mytilene">Alcaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archilochus" title="Archilochus">Archilochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacchylides" title="Bacchylides">Bacchylides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hipponax" title="Hipponax">Hipponax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibycus" title="Ibycus">Ibycus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menander" title="Menander">Menander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimnermus" title="Mimnermus">Mimnermus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panyassis" title="Panyassis">Panyassis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philocles" title="Philocles">Philocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polybius" title="Polybius">Polybius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sappho" title="Sappho">Sappho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simonides_of_Ceos" title="Simonides of Ceos">Simonides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stesichorus" title="Stesichorus">Stesichorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theognis_of_Megara" title="Theognis of Megara">Theognis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timocreon" title="Timocreon">Timocreon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrtaeus" title="Tyrtaeus">Tyrtaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophon" title="Xenophon">Xenophon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Athenian_statesmen" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ancient Athenian statesmen">Athenian statesmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_lawgivers" title="List of ancient Greek lawgivers">Lawgivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Olympic_victors" title="List of ancient Olympic victors">Olympic victors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_tyrants" title="List of ancient Greek tyrants">Tyrants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_tribes" title="List of ancient Greek tribes">Ancient Greek tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Thracian_Greeks" title="List of Thracian Greeks">Thracian Greeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Macedonians" title="List of ancient Macedonians">Ancient Macedonians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="SocietyCulture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece#Politics_and_society" title="Ancient Greece">Society</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Greece" title="Culture of Greece">Culture</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece#Politics_and_society" title="Ancient Greece">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_ancient_Greece" title="Agriculture in ancient Greece">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_calendars" title="Ancient Greek calendars">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Greece" title="Clothing in ancient Greece">Clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_coinage" title="Ancient Greek coinage">Coinage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_cuisine" title="Ancient Greek cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_ancient_Greece" title="Economy of ancient Greece">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paideia" title="Paideia">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emporium_(antiquity)" title="Emporium (antiquity)">Emporium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euergetism" title="Euergetism">Euergetism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athenian_festivals" title="Athenian festivals">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_folklore" title="Ancient Greek folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_ancient_Greece" title="Homosexuality in ancient Greece">Homosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_law" title="Ancient Greek law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pederasty_in_ancient_Greece" title="Pederasty in ancient Greece">Pederasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_philosophy" title="Ancient Greek philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_ancient_Greece" title="Prostitution in ancient Greece">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_ancient_Greece" title="Slavery in ancient Greece">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_warfare" title="Ancient Greek warfare">Warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_ancient_Greece" title="Marriage in ancient Greece">Wedding customs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece_and_wine" title="Ancient Greece and wine">Wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_art" title="Ancient Greek art">Arts</a> and science</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_architecture" title="Ancient Greek architecture">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture" title="Greek Revival architecture">Greek Revival architecture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_astronomy" title="Ancient Greek astronomy">Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_literature" title="Ancient Greek literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mathematics" title="Greek mathematics">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_medicine" title="Ancient Greek medicine">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_ancient_Greece" title="Music of ancient Greece">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Musical_system_of_ancient_Greece" title="Musical system of ancient Greece">Musical system</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery_of_ancient_Greece" title="Pottery of ancient Greece">Pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_sculpture" title="Ancient Greek sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_technology" title="Ancient Greek technology">Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Greece" title="Theatre of ancient Greece">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_funeral_and_burial_practices" title="Ancient Greek funeral and burial practices">Funeral and burial practices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Mythology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of Greek mythological figures">mythological figures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_temple" title="Ancient Greek temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Underworld</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;text-align:left;">Sacred places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleusis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleusis">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dion,_Pieria" title="Dion, Pieria">Dion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodona" title="Dodona">Dodona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Mount Olympus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athenian_Treasury" title="Athenian Treasury">Athenian Treasury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion_Gate" title="Lion Gate">Lion Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Walls" title="Long Walls">Long Walls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippeion" title="Philippeion">Philippeion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Dionysus" title="Theatre of Dionysus">Theatre of Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunnel_of_Eupalinos" title="Tunnel of Eupalinos">Tunnel of Eupalinos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_temple" title="Ancient Greek temple">Temples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Aphaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Temple of Aphaea">Aphaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Artemis" title="Temple of Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Athena_Nike" title="Temple of Athena Nike">Athena Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erechtheion" title="Erechtheion">Erechtheion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Hephaestus" title="Temple of Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Hera,_Olympia" title="Temple of Hera, Olympia">Hera, Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samothrace_temple_complex" title="Samothrace temple complex">Samothrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Zeus,_Olympia" title="Temple of Zeus, Olympia">Zeus, Olympia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Language</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Greek_language" title="Proto-Greek language">Proto-Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greek" title="Mycenaean Greek">Mycenaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Greek" title="Homeric Greek">Homeric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_dialects" title="Ancient Greek dialects">Dialects</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeolic_Greek" title="Aeolic Greek">Aeolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcadocypriot_Greek" title="Arcadocypriot Greek">Arcadocypriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_Greek" title="Attic Greek">Attic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doric_Greek" title="Doric Greek">Doric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirote_Greek" title="Epirote Greek">Epirote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionic_Greek" title="Ionic Greek">Ionic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locrian_Greek" title="Locrian Greek">Locrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Macedonian_language" title="Ancient Macedonian language">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamphylian_Greek" title="Pamphylian Greek">Pamphylian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koine_Greek" title="Koine Greek">Koine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Greek_alphabet" title="History of the Greek alphabet">Writing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linear_A" title="Linear A">Linear A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_syllabary" title="Cypriot syllabary">Cypriot syllabary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_numerals" title="Greek numerals">Greek numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_numerals" title="Attic numerals">Attic numerals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Greek_colonisation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_colonisation" title="Greek colonisation">Greek colonisation</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mainland<br />Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lecce" title="Lecce">Alision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brindisi" title="Brindisi">Brentesion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caulonia_(ancient_city)" title="Caulonia (ancient city)">Caulonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casabona" title="Casabona">Chone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crotone" title="Crotone">Croton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumae" title="Cumae">Cumae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velia" title="Velia">Elea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraclea_Lucania" title="Heraclea Lucania">Heraclea Lucania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vibo_Valentia" title="Vibo Valentia">Hipponion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otranto" title="Otranto">Hydrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krimisa" title="Krimisa">Krimisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La%C3%BCs" title="Laüs">Laüs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locri" title="Locri">Locri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medma" title="Medma">Medma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metauros" title="Metauros">Metauros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metapontum" title="Metapontum">Metapontion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Neápolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandosia_(Lucania)" title="Pandosia (Lucania)">Pandosia (Lucania)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paestum" title="Paestum">Poseidonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Policastro_Bussentino" title="Policastro Bussentino">Pixous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggio_Calabria" title="Reggio Calabria">Rhegion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scylletium" title="Scylletium">Scylletium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siris_(Magna_Graecia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siris (Magna Graecia)">Siris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sybaris" title="Sybaris">Sybaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sybaris_on_the_Traeis" title="Sybaris on the Traeis">Sybaris on the Traeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taranto" title="Taranto">Taras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terina_(ancient_city)" title="Terina (ancient city)">Terina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurii" title="Thurii">Thurii</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrigento" title="Agrigento">Akragas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akrai" title="Akrai">Akrai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akrillai" title="Akrillai">Akrillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollonia_(Sicily)" title="Apollonia (Sicily)">Apollonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caronia" title="Caronia">Calacte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casmenae" title="Casmenae">Casmenae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catania" title="Catania">Catana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gela" title="Gela">Gela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helorus" title="Helorus">Helorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enna" title="Enna">Henna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraclea_Minoa" title="Heraclea Minoa">Heraclea Minoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himera" title="Himera">Himera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybla_Gereatis" title="Hybla Gereatis">Hybla Gereatis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybla_Heraea" title="Hybla Heraea">Hybla Heraea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamarina,_Sicily" title="Kamarina, Sicily">Kamarina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentini" title="Lentini">Leontinoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megara_Hyblaea" title="Megara Hyblaea">Megara Hyblaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messina" title="Messina">Messana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxos_(Sicily)" title="Naxos (Sicily)">Naxos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segesta" title="Segesta">Segesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selinunte" title="Selinunte">Selinous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_Sicily" title="Syracuse, Sicily">Syracuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taormina" title="Taormina">Tauromenion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciacca" title="Sciacca">Thermae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tindari" title="Tindari">Tyndaris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_Islands" title="Aeolian Islands">Aeolian Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salina,_Sicily" title="Salina, Sicily">Didyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panarea" title="Panarea">Euonymos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alicudi" title="Alicudi">Ereikousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basiluzzo" title="Basiluzzo">Hycesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipari" title="Lipari">Lipara/Meligounis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filicudi" title="Filicudi">Phoenicusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stromboli" title="Stromboli">Strongyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcano" title="Vulcano">Therassía</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cyrenaica" title="Cyrenaica">Cyrenaica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayda,_Libya" title="Bayda, Libya">Balagrae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barca_(ancient_city)" title="Barca (ancient city)">Barca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benghazi" title="Benghazi">Berenice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrene,_Libya" title="Cyrene, Libya">Cyrene</a> (<a href="/wiki/Apollonia,_Cyrenaica" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonia, Cyrenaica">Apollonia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemais,_Cyrenaica" title="Ptolemais, Cyrenaica">Ptolemais</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lucentum" title="Lucentum">Akra Leuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villajoyosa" title="Villajoyosa">Alonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%BAries" title="Empúries">Emporion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elche" title="Elche">Helike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9nia" title="Dénia">Hemeroscopion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aljaraque" title="Aljaraque">Kalathousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant_Mart%C3%AD_d%27Emp%C3%BAries" title="Sant Martí d'Empúries">Kypsela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainake_(Greek_settlement)" title="Mainake (Greek settlement)">Mainake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Puerto_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" title="El Puerto de Santa María">Menestheus's Limin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Pola" title="Santa Pola">Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roses,_Girona" class="mw-redirect" title="Roses, Girona">Rhode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salou" title="Salou">Salauris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagunto" title="Sagunto">Zacynthos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Illyria" title="Illyria">Illyria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aspalathos" class="mw-redirect" title="Aspalathos">Aspalathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollonia_(Illyria)" title="Apollonia (Illyria)">Apollonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlor%C3%AB#Early_history" title="Vlorë">Aulon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epidamnos" title="Epidamnos">Epidamnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epidaurum" title="Epidaurum">Epidauros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Issa_(polis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Issa (polis)">Issa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melaina_Korkyra" class="mw-redirect" title="Melaina Korkyra">Melaina Korkyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaeum_(Illyria)" title="Nymphaeum (Illyria)">Nymphaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oricum" title="Oricum">Orikon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharos_(polis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharos (polis)">Pharos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragurion" class="mw-redirect" title="Tragurion">Tragurion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thronion_(Illyria)" title="Thronion (Illyria)">Thronion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a><br />basin</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North<br />coast</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akra_(Crimmerian_Bosporus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Akra (Crimmerian Bosporus)">Akra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berezan_Island" title="Berezan Island">Borysthenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charax,_Crimea" title="Charax, Crimea">Charax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chersonesus" title="Chersonesus">Chersonesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhumi" title="Sukhumi">Dioscurias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anapa" title="Anapa">Gorgippia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tmutarakan" title="Tmutarakan">Hermonassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalos_Limen" title="Kalos Limen">Kalos Limen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepoi" title="Kepoi">Kepoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevpatoria" title="Yevpatoria">Kerkinitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimmerikon" title="Kimmerikon">Kimmerikon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrmekion" class="mw-redirect" title="Myrmekion">Myrmekion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikonion" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikonion">Nikonion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaion_(Crimea)" title="Nymphaion (Crimea)">Nymphaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olbia_(Pontic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Olbia (Pontic)">Olbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantikapaion" title="Pantikapaion">Pantikapaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanagoria" title="Phanagoria">Phanagoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitsunda" title="Pitsunda">Pityus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanais" title="Tanais">Tanais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feodosia" title="Feodosia">Theodosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyras" title="Tyras">Tyras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyritake" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyritake">Tyritake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South<br />coast</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abonoteichos" title="Abonoteichos">Abonoteichos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsun" title="Samsun">Amisos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomorie" title="Pomorie">Anchialos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sozopol" title="Sozopol">Apollonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pazar,_Rize" title="Pazar, Rize">Athina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batumi" title="Batumi">Bathus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balchik" title="Balchik">Dionysopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordu" title="Ordu">Cotyora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cytorus" title="Cytorus">Cytorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eupatoria_(Pontus)" title="Eupatoria (Pontus)">Eupatoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraclea_Pontica" title="Heraclea Pontica">Heraclea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giresun" title="Giresun">Kerasous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nesebar" title="Nesebar">Mesambria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varna,_Bulgaria" title="Varna, Bulgaria">Odessos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cnye" title="Ünye">Oinòe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phasis_(town)" title="Phasis (town)">Phasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatsa" title="Fatsa">Polemonion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rize" title="Rize">Rhizos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1y%C4%B1k%C3%B6y" title="Kıyıköy">Salmydessus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amasra" title="Amasra">Sesamus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinop,_Turkey" title="Sinop, Turkey">Sinope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terme" title="Terme">Thèrmae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tium" title="Tium">Tium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trabzon" title="Trabzon">Trapezous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripolis_(Pontus)" title="Tripolis (Pontus)">Tripolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaliche" title="Zaliche">Zaliche</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Lists" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lists</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_cities" title="List of ancient Greek cities">Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_ancient_Epirus" title="List of cities in ancient Epirus">in Epirus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greeks" title="List of ancient Greeks">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_place_names" title="List of Greek place names">Place names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stoae" title="List of stoae">Stoae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ancient_Greek_temples" title="List of Ancient Greek temples">Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_theatres" title="List of ancient Greek theatres">Theatres</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greece" title="Category:Ancient Greece">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Ancient_Greece" title="Portal:Ancient Greece">Portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" 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