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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pandu arah </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Laman-Utama" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laman_Utama"><span>Laman Utama</span></a></li><li id="n-Tinjau" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tinjau"><span>Tinjau</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hal_semasa" title="Cari maklumat latar belakang mengenai peristiwa semasa"><span>Hal semasa</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Rawak" title="Muat laman rawak [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rencana rawak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Perhubungan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Tentang-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Gerbang-komuniti" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gerbang_Komuniti"><span>Gerbang komuniti</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_terkini" title="Senarai perubahan terkini dalam wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Menderma" class="mw-list-item"><a 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emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms" class=""><span>Derma</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Prolina" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib" class=""><span>Buka akaun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log masuk</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Lebih pilihan" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alat peribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alat peribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms"><span>Derma</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Prolina" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buka akaun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Prolina" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log masuk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Laman untuk penyunting log keluar <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengenalan" aria-label="Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>Ketahui lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumbangan_saya" title="Senarai suntingan yang dibuat daripada alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Sumbangan</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perbincangan_saya" title="Perbincangan mengenai penyuntingan daripada alamat IP anda [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kandungan" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kandungan</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pautan_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pautan_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pautan luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pautan_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Prolina</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 58 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86" title="برولين – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برولين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="پرولین – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پرولین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Prolina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="প্রোলিন – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রোলিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Cina Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Cina Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Пролин – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пролин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Prolina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Denmark" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Denmark" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="rencana baik"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proliin" title="Proliin – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Proliin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Προλίνη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Προλίνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proline" title="Proline – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Proline" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Prolina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolino" title="Prolino – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Prolino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Prolina" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="پرولین – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرولین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proline" title="Proline – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Proline" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Prolina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%A4%EB%A6%B0" title="프롤린 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프롤린" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Պրոլին – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պրոլին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="प्रोलिन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रोलिन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Prolina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9F" title="פרולין – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרולין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Пролин – Kazakhstan" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пролин" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakhstan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prol%C3%AEn" title="Prolîn – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Prolîn" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prol%C4%ABns" title="Prolīns – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Prolīns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Luxembourg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolinas" title="Prolinas – Lithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Prolinas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Пролин – Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пролин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proline" title="Proline – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Proline" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3" title="プロリン – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プロリン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina – Occitania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Prolina" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Uzbekistan" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbekistan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prolina" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Prolina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin%C4%83" title="Prolină – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Prolină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Пролин – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пролин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prol%C3%ADn" title="Prolín – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prolín" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Пролин – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пролин" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proliini" title="Proliini – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Proliini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="புரோலின் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புரோலின்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Prolin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Пролін – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пролін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%AF%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" title="脯氨酸 – Cina Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="脯氨酸" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Cina Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%AF%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" title="脯氨酸 – Kantonis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="脯氨酸" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%AF%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" title="脯氨酸 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="脯氨酸" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q484583#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Prolina" title="Lihat laman kandungan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Rencana</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbincangan:Prolina&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Perbincangan mengenai laman kandungan (laman tidak wujud) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tukar kelainan bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Melayu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Rupa"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Prolina"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&action=history" title="Semakan terdahulu bagi laman ini [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Peralatan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Peralatan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Peralatan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lagi pilihan" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Prolina"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&action=history"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Pautan_ke_sini/Prolina" title="Senarai semua laman wiki yang mengandungi pautan ke laman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan ke laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_berkaitan/Prolina" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terkini bagi laman yang dipaut dari laman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan berkaitan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms" title="Muat naik fail [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Muat naik fail</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Laman_khas" title="Senarai semua laman khas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Laman khas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&oldid=5810122" title="Pautan kekal ke semakan laman ini"><span>Pautan kekal</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&action=info" title="Maklumat lanjut mengenai laman ini"><span>Maklumat laman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Petik_laman_ini&page=Prolina&id=5810122&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Maklumat tentang cara memetik laman ini"><span>Petik laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FProlina"><span>Dapatkan URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FProlina"><span>Muat turun kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/eksport </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Prolina"><span>Cipta buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:DownloadAsPdf&page=Prolina&action=show-download-screen"><span>Muat turun sebagai PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&printable=yes" title="Versi boleh cetak bagi laman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi boleh cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam projek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Proline" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q484583" title="Pautan ke item repositori data yang bersambung [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox bordered" style="border-collapse:collapse; width:22em; text-align:left; ;"> <caption style="text-align:center;">Prolina </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="borderless" align="center"> <table border="0" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border-right:1px solid #aaa;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Prolin_-_Proline.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula struktur prolina"><img alt="Formula struktur prolina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Prolin_-_Proline.svg/100px-Prolin_-_Proline.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Prolin_-_Proline.svg/150px-Prolin_-_Proline.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Prolin_-_Proline.svg/200px-Prolin_-_Proline.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="156" data-file-height="120" /></a><figcaption>Formula struktur prolina</figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:L-proline-skeletal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/L-proline-skeletal.png/100px-L-proline-skeletal.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/L-proline-skeletal.png/150px-L-proline-skeletal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/L-proline-skeletal.png/200px-L-proline-skeletal.png 2x" data-file-width="1355" data-file-height="1046" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="borderless" align="center"> <table border="0" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border-right:1px solid #aaa;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Proline-from-xtal-3D-bs-17-view-B.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Proline-from-xtal-3D-bs-17-view-B.png/100px-Proline-from-xtal-3D-bs-17-view-B.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Proline-from-xtal-3D-bs-17-view-B.png/150px-Proline-from-xtal-3D-bs-17-view-B.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Proline-from-xtal-3D-bs-17-view-B.png/200px-Proline-from-xtal-3D-bs-17-view-B.png 2x" data-file-width="2625" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div style="text-align:center">Model bola-dan-batang</div> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Proline-from-xtal-3D-sf-view-B.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Proline-from-xtal-3D-sf-view-B.png/100px-Proline-from-xtal-3D-sf-view-B.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Proline-from-xtal-3D-sf-view-B.png/150px-Proline-from-xtal-3D-sf-view-B.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Proline-from-xtal-3D-sf-view-B.png/200px-Proline-from-xtal-3D-sf-view-B.png 2x" data-file-width="2409" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div style="text-align:center">Model ruangan</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#f8eaba; border-top:2px solid transparent; border-bottom:2px solid transparent; text-align:center;">Nama </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tatanama_kimia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatanama kimia">Nama IUPAC</a> <div style="max-width:22em; word-wrap:break-word; padding-left:1.7em;">Prolina</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tatanama_kimia#Nama_sitematik" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatanama kimia">Nama IUPAC sistematik</a> <div style="max-width:22em; word-wrap:break-word; padding-left:1.7em;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Asid pirolidina-2-karboksilik<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#f8eaba; border-top:2px solid transparent; border-bottom:2px solid transparent; text-align:center;">Pengecam </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Nombor_Pendaftaran_CAS" class="mw-redirect" title="Nombor Pendaftaran CAS">No. Pendaftaran CAS</a></div> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: <span title="www.commonchemistry.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.commonchemistry.org/ChemicalDetail.aspx?ref=147-85-3">147-85-3</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li style="">D/L: <span title="www.commonchemistry.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.commonchemistry.org/ChemicalDetail.aspx?ref=609-36-9">609-36-9</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li style="">D: <span title="www.commonchemistry.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.commonchemistry.org/ChemicalDetail.aspx?ref=344-25-2">344-25-2</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Imej model 3D <a href="/wiki/Jmol" title="Jmol">Jmol</a></div> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: <span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=C1C%5BC%40H%5D%28NC1%29C%28%3DO%29O">Imej berinteraktif</a></span></li><li style="">L <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zwiterion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zwiterion (laman tidak wujud)">Zwiterion</a>: <span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=%5BO-%5DC%28%3DO%29%5BC%40H%5D%28CCC2%29%5BNH2%2B%5D2">Imej berinteraktif</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Pangkalan_data_Beilstein" title="Pangkalan data Beilstein">Rujukan Beilstein</a></div> </td> <td>80812 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChEBI" title="ChEBI">ChEBI</a> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: <span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=17203">CHEBI:17203</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li style="">D/L: <span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=26271">CHEBI:26271</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li style="">D: <span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=16313">CHEBI:16313</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: <span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembldb/index.php/compound/inspect/ChEMBL72275">ChEMBL72275</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: <span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.128566.html">128566</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li style="">D/L: <span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.594.html">594</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li style="">D: <span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.8640.html">8640</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: <span title="www.drugbank.ca"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00172">DB00172</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ECHA_InfoCard" class="mw-redirect" title="ECHA InfoCard"><span title="echa.europa.eu">ECHA InfoCard</span></a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.009.264">100.009.264</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nombor_Komuniti_Eropah" title="Nombor Komuniti Eropah"><span title="European Community number (chemical identifier)">Nombor EC</span></a> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: 210-189-3</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Pangkalan_data_Gmelin" title="Pangkalan data Gmelin">Rujukan Gmelin</a></div> </td> <td>26927 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: <span title="www.kegg.jp"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C00148">C00148</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a> </td> <td><span title="www.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?mode=&term=Proline">Proline</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> <abbr title="Compound ID">CID</abbr></div> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: <span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/145742">145742</a></span></li><li style="">D/L: <span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/614">614</a></span></li><li style="">D: <span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/8988">8988</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/RTECS" title="RTECS">Nombor RTECS</a> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: TW3584000</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unique_Ingredient_Identifier" title="Unique Ingredient Identifier">UNII</a> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: <span title="fdasis.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fdasis.nlm.nih.gov/srs/srsdirect.jsp?regno=9DLQ4CIU6V">9DLQ4CIU6V</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li style="">D/L: <span title="fdasis.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fdasis.nlm.nih.gov/srs/srsdirect.jsp?regno=DCS9E77JPQ">DCS9E77JPQ</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li style="">D: <span title="fdasis.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fdasis.nlm.nih.gov/srs/srsdirect.jsp?regno=L01Q4LGZ5L">L01Q4LGZ5L</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/CompTox_Chemicals_Dashboard" title="CompTox Chemicals Dashboard">CompTox Dashboard</a> <span style="font-weight:normal">(<abbr title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</abbr>)</span></div> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style="">L: <span title="comptox.epa.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/DTXSID9041104">DTXSID9041104</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484583#P3117" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center; font-size: 95%;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; font-size: 100%; text-align: left; text-align:left; font-weight:normal; background:transparent;"><div><a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">InChI</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.5em; text-align:left;"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:11px; line-height:120%;">InChI=1S/C5H9NO2/c7-5(8)4-2-1-3-6-4/h4,6H,1-3H2,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:11px; line-height:120%;">Key: ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div></div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.5em; text-align:left;"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:11px; line-height:120%;">D/L: Key: ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N</div></div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.5em; text-align:left;"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:11px; line-height:120%;">D: Key: ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-SCSAIBSYSA-N</div></div></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center; font-size: 95%;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; font-size: 100%; text-align: left; text-align:left; font-weight:normal; background:transparent;"><div><a href="/wiki/SMILES" title="SMILES">SMILES</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.6em; word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; font-size:11px; line-height:120%;">L: C1C[C@H](NC1)C(=O)O</div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.6em; word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; font-size:11px; line-height:120%;">L <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zwiterion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zwiterion (laman tidak wujud)">Zwiterion</a>: [O-]C(=O)[C@H](CCC2)[NH2+]2</div></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#f8eaba; border-top:2px solid transparent; border-bottom:2px solid transparent; text-align:center;">Sifat </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Formula_kimia" title="Formula kimia">Formula kimia</a></div> </td> <td>C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO<sub>2</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jisim_molar" title="Jisim molar">Jisim molar</a> </td> <td>115.13 g·mol<sup>−1</sup>   </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rupa bentuk </td> <td>Hablur lutsinar </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Takat_lebur" title="Takat lebur">Takat lebur</a> </td> <td> 205 hingga 228 °C (401 hingga 442 °F; 478 hingga 501 K) (terurai) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Keterlarutan" title="Keterlarutan">Keterlarutan</a> </td> <td>1.5g/100g ethanol 19 degC<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pekali_sekatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pekali sekatan (laman tidak wujud)">log P</a> </td> <td>-0.06 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pemalar_penceraian_asid" title="Pemalar penceraian asid">Keasidan</a> (p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub>) </td> <td>1.99 (karboksil), 10.96 (amino)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background:#f8eaba; border-top:2px solid transparent;"><div style="margin:0 auto; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Kecuali jika dinyatakan sebaliknya, data diberikan untuk bahan-bahan dalam <a href="/wiki/Keadaan_piawai" title="Keadaan piawai">keadaan piawainya</a> (pada 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).</div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f8eaba; text-align:center; border-top:2px solid transparent;"> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Chemical_infobox#References" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Chemical infobox">Rujukan kotak info</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f8eaba;"> <td style="width:40%; max-height:1px; border-top:2px solid transparent; border-right:1px solid transparent;"> </td> <td style="width:60%; max-height:1px; border-top:2px solid transparent; border-left:1px solid transparent;"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Prolina</b> (<i>proline</i>, <b>Pro</b> atau <b>P</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ialah sejenis <a href="/wiki/Asid_amino" title="Asid amino">asid amino</a> yang digunakan dalam penghasilan <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a>. Struktur prolina adalah istimewa kerana tidak memiliki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumpulan_amino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumpulan amino (laman tidak wujud)">kumpulan amino</a> <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">-NH<sub>2</sub></span> seperti asid amino lazim, tetapi sebaliknya mempunyai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amina_sekunder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amina sekunder (laman tidak wujud)">amina sekunder</a> (amina terikat kepada dua atom karbon). Nitrogen amino sekunder adalah dalam bentuk diprotonasi (NH<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>) dalam keadaan biologi, dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumpulan_karboksil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumpulan karboksil (laman tidak wujud)">kumpulan karboksil</a> mengalami nyahprotonasi, −COO<sup>−</sup>. "Rantai sisi" dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karbon_alfa_dan_beta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karbon alfa dan beta (laman tidak wujud)">karbon α</a> bersambung dengan nitrogen sehingga membentuk gelung <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirolidina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pirolidina (laman tidak wujud)">pirolidina</a>, menjadikannya sebagai asid amino alifatik. Proline tidak bersifat perlu, bermakna ia boleh dihasilkan sendiri oleh tubuh manusia, yakni daripda asid amino <small>L</small>-<a href="/wiki/Glutamat" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamat">glutamat</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6173370">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5110723">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=614&loc=ec_rcs">"Proline"</a>. <i>PubChem</i>. U.S. National Library of Medicine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140116114913/http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=614&loc=ec_rcs">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada 16 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PubChem&rft.atitle=Proline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsummary%2Fsummary.cgi%3Fcid%3D614%26loc%3Dec_rcs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AProlina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFBelitzGroschSchieberle2009" class="citation book cs1">Belitz HD, Grosch W, Schieberle P (2009-01-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xteiARU46SQC&q=proline&pg=PA15"><i>Food Chemistry</i></a>. m/s. 15. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/978-3-540-69933-0" title="Khas:Sumber buku/978-3-540-69933-0"><bdi>978-3-540-69933-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160515000801/https://books.google.com/books?id=xteiARU46SQC&pg=PA15&lpg=PA15&dq=proline&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=proline&f=false">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada 2016-05-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+Chemistry&rft.pages=15&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft.isbn=978-3-540-69933-0&rft.aulast=Belitz&rft.aufirst=HD&rft.au=Grosch%2C+W&rft.au=Schieberle%2C+P&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxteiARU46SQC%26q%3Dproline%26pg%3DPA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AProlina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFNelsonCox" class="citation book cs1">Nelson DL, Cox MM. <i>Principles of Biochemistry</i>. NY: W.H. Freeman and Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Principles+of+Biochemistry&rft.place=NY&rft.pub=W.H.+Freeman+and+Company&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=DL&rft.au=Cox%2C+MM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AProlina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081009023202/http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/AminoAcid/AA1n2.html">"Nomenclature and Symbolism for Amino Acids and Peptides"</a>. IUPAC-IUB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature. 1983. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/AminoAcid/AA1n2.html">yang asal</a> pada 9 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nomenclature+and+Symbolism+for+Amino+Acids+and+Peptides&rft.pub=IUPAC-IUB+Joint+Commission+on+Biochemical+Nomenclature&rft.date=1983&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chem.qmul.ac.uk%2Fiupac%2FAminoAcid%2FAA1n2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AProlina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pautan_luar">Pautan luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Pautan luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolina&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pautan luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="languageicon" style="font-size:0.85em; font-weight:bold; color:#555" title="Bahasa (en)">(Inggeris)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gmd.mpimp-golm.mpg.de/Spectrums/421929e5-2ddf-45bc-a7a3-533eeee502a6.aspx">Proline MS Spectrum</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon" style="font-size:0.85em; font-weight:bold; color:#555" title="Bahasa (en)">(Inggeris)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biocarta.com/pathfiles/prolinePathway.asp">Biosintesis prolina</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="20_asid_amino_yang_selalu_dijumpai" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5375175">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Asid_amino" title="Templat:Asid amino"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bincang"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbincangan_templat:Asid_amino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perbincangan templat:Asid amino (laman tidak wujud)"><abbr title="Bincang templat ini" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Asid_amino&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="20_asid_amino_yang_selalu_dijumpai" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">20 <a href="/wiki/Asid_amino" title="Asid amino">asid amino</a> yang <a href="/wiki/Asid_amino_proteinogenik" title="Asid amino proteinogenik">selalu dijumpai</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perkara umum</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">Protein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peptida" title="Peptida">Peptida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kod_genetik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kod genetik (laman tidak wujud)">Kod genetik</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:L-amino_acid_any.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/L-amino_acid_any.png/182px-L-amino_acid_any.png" decoding="async" width="182" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/L-amino_acid_any.png/273px-L-amino_acid_any.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/L-amino_acid_any.png/364px-L-amino_acid_any.png 2x" data-file-width="728" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mengikut ciri-ciri</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kompaun_alifatik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kompaun alifatik (laman tidak wujud)">Alifatik</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_amino_rantaian_bercabang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid amino rantaian bercabang (laman tidak wujud)">Asid amino rantaian bercabang</a> (<a href="/wiki/Valina" title="Valina">Valina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoleusina" title="Isoleusina">Isoleusina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leusina" title="Leusina">Leusina</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metionina" title="Metionina">Metionina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alanina" title="Alanina">Alanina</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glisina" title="Glisina">Glisina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kearomatikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kearomatikan (laman tidak wujud)">Aromatik</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fenilalanina" title="Fenilalanina">Fenilalanina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirosina" title="Tirosina">Tirosina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triptofan" title="Triptofan">Triptofan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histidina" title="Histidina">Histidina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekutuban_kimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kekutuban kimia (laman tidak wujud)">Kutub</a>, tidak bercas</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asparagina" title="Asparagina">Asparagina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamina" title="Glutamina">Glutamina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serina" title="Serina">Serina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treonina" title="Treonina">Treonina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Cas positif (p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub>)</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lisina" title="Lisina">Lisina</a> (≈10.8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arginina" title="Arginina">Arginina</a> (≈12.5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histidina" title="Histidina">Histidina</a> (≈6.1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Cas negatif (p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub>)</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asid_aspartik" title="Asid aspartik">Asid aspartik</a> (≈3.9)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asid_glutamik" title="Asid glutamik">Asid glutamik</a> (≈4.1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisteina" title="Sisteina">Sisteina</a> (≈8.3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirosina" title="Tirosina">Tirosina</a> (≈10.1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pengelasan lain</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_amino_yang_diperlukan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid amino yang diperlukan (laman tidak wujud)">Asid amino yang diperlukan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_amino_ketogenik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid amino ketogenik (laman tidak wujud)">Asid amino ketogenik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_amino_glukogenik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid amino glukogenik (laman tidak wujud)">Asid amino glukogenik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_amino_tidak_berproteinogenik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid amino tidak berproteinogenik (laman tidak wujud)">Asid amino tidak berproteinogenik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="font-size:110%;"><div><div class="hlist" style="font-size:95%;line-height:1.3em;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keluarga_biokimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keluarga biokimia (laman tidak wujud)">Keluarga biokimia</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Karbohidrat" title="Templat:Karbohidrat">karbohidrat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Alkohol" title="Templat:Alkohol">alkohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Glikoprotein" title="Templat:Glikoprotein">glikoprotein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Glikosida" title="Templat:Glikosida">glikosida</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Lipid" title="Templat:Lipid">lipid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Eikosanoid" title="Templat:Eikosanoid">eikosanoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Asid_lemak" title="Templat:Asid lemak">asid lemak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Gliserida" title="Templat:Gliserida">gliserida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Fosfolipid" title="Templat:Fosfolipid">fosfolipid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Sfingolipid" title="Templat:Sfingolipid">sfingolipid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kolesterol_dan_steroid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Templat:Kolesterol dan steroid (laman tidak wujud)">steroid</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Asid_nukleik" title="Templat:Asid nukleik">asid nukleik</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Nukleobes,_nukleosida,_and_nukleotida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Templat:Nukleobes, nukleosida, and nukleotida (laman tidak wujud)">konstituen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Protein">protein</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Asid_amino" title="Templat:Asid amino">asid amino</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Tetrapirrola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Templat:Tetrapirrola (laman tidak wujud)">tetrapirrola</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Neurotransmiter" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5375175"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Neurotransmiter" title="Templat:Neurotransmiter"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini" style="text-align: center;;;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bincang"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbincangan_templat:Neurotransmiter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perbincangan templat:Neurotransmiter (laman tidak wujud)"><abbr title="Bincang templat ini" style="text-align: center;;;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Neurotransmiter&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini" style="text-align: center;;;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neurotransmiter" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Neurotransmiter" title="Neurotransmiter">Neurotransmiter</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Terbitan <a href="/wiki/Asid_amino" title="Asid amino">asid amino</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Sistem penguja /<br />perencat utama</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Sistem glutamat</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agmatina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agmatina (laman tidak wujud)">Agmatina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asid_aspartik" title="Asid aspartik">Asid aspartik (aspartat)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glutamat_(neurotransmiter)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glutamat (neurotransmiter) (laman tidak wujud)">Asid glutamik (glutamat)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glutation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glutation (laman tidak wujud)">Glutation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glisina" title="Glisina">Glisina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S-Nitrosoglutation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="S-Nitrosoglutation (laman tidak wujud)">GSNO</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glutation_teroksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glutation teroksida (laman tidak wujud)">GSSG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_kinurenik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid kinurenik (laman tidak wujud)">Asid kinurenik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_N-asetilaspartik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid N-asetilaspartik (laman tidak wujud)">NAA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_N-asetilaspartilglutamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid N-asetilaspartilglutamik (laman tidak wujud)">NAAG</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serina" title="Serina">Serina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Sistem GABA</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_gamma-aminobutirik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid gamma-aminobutirik (laman tidak wujud)">GABA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_gamma-amino-beta-hidroksibutirik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid gamma-amino-beta-hidroksibutirik (laman tidak wujud)">GABOB</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_gamma-hidroksibutirik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid gamma-hidroksibutirik (laman tidak wujud)">GHB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Sistem glisina</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alanina" title="Alanina">α-Alanina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-Alanina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-Alanina (laman tidak wujud)">β-Alanina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glisina" title="Glisina">Glisina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hipotaurina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hipotaurina (laman tidak wujud)">Hipotaurina</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prolina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkosina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarkosina (laman tidak wujud)">Sarkosina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serina" title="Serina">Serina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taurine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taurine (laman tidak wujud)">Taurine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reseptor_GHB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reseptor GHB (laman tidak wujud)">Sistem GHB</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_gamma-hidroksibutirik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid gamma-hidroksibutirik (laman tidak wujud)">GHB</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T-HCA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T-HCA (laman tidak wujud)">T-HCA (GHC)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amina_biogen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amina biogen (laman tidak wujud)">Amina biogen</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Monoamina</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6-Hidroksimelatonin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6-Hidroksimelatonin (laman tidak wujud)">6-OHM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dopamina" title="Dopamina">Dopamina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrenalina" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrenalina">Epinefrina (adrenalina)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feniletanolamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Feniletanolamina (laman tidak wujud)">Feniletanolamina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fenetilamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fenetilamina (laman tidak wujud)">Fenetilamina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-Asetilserotonin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-Asetilserotonin (laman tidak wujud)">NAS (normelatonin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norepinefrina" title="Norepinefrina">Norepinefrina (noradrenalina)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serotonin" title="Serotonin">Serotonin (5-HT)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Amina surihan</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3-Iodotironamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3-Iodotironamina (laman tidak wujud)">3-Iodotironamina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-Metilfenetilamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-Metilfenetilamina (laman tidak wujud)">N-Metilfenetilamina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-Metiltiptamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-Metiltiptamina (laman tidak wujud)">N-Metiltiptamina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norfenefrina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norfenefrina (laman tidak wujud)"><i>m</i>-Oktopamina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oktopamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oktopamina (laman tidak wujud)"><i>p</i>-Oktopamina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinefrina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinefrina (laman tidak wujud)">Sinefrina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triptamina" title="Triptamina">Triptamina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meta-Tiramina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meta-Tiramina (laman tidak wujud)"><i>m</i>-Tiramina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiramina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiramina (laman tidak wujud)"><i>p</i>-Tiramina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Histamin" title="Histamin">Histamin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Neuropeptida" title="Neuropeptida">Neuropeptida</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Lihat <a href="/wiki/Templat:Neuropeptida" title="Templat:Neuropeptida">di sini</a>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Terbitan <a href="/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid">lipid</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Endokanabinoid" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Endokanabinoid</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-Arakidonoilgliserol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-Arakidonoilgliserol (laman tidak wujud)">2-AG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-Arakidonil_gliseril_eter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-Arakidonil gliseril eter (laman tidak wujud)">2-AGE (noladin eter)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-Arakidonoil_lisofosfatidilinositol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-Arakidonoil lisofosfatidilinositol (laman tidak wujud)">2-ALPI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-Oleoilgliserol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-Oleoilgliserol (laman tidak wujud)">2-OG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arakidonoil_serotonin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arakidonoil serotonin (laman tidak wujud)">AA-5-HT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anandamida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anandamida (laman tidak wujud)">Anandamida (AEA)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dokosatetraenoiletanolamida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dokosatetraenoiletanolamida (laman tidak wujud)">DEA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lisofosfatidilinositol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lisofosfatidilinositol (laman tidak wujud)">LPI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-Arakidonoil_dopamin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-Arakidonoil dopamin (laman tidak wujud)">NADA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-Arakidonilglisina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-Arakidonilglisina (laman tidak wujud)">NAGly</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oleoiletanolamida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oleoiletanolamida (laman tidak wujud)">OEA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oleamida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oleamida (laman tidak wujud)">Oleamida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmitoiletanolamida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palmitoiletanolamida (laman tidak wujud)">PEA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RVD-Hp%CE%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RVD-Hpα (laman tidak wujud)">RVD-Hpα</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stearoiletanolamida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stearoiletanolamida (laman tidak wujud)">SEA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virodamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virodamina (laman tidak wujud)">Virodamina (O-AEA)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neurosteroid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neurosteroid (laman tidak wujud)">Neurosteroid</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Lihat <a href="/wiki/Templat:Hormon_steroid" title="Templat:Hormon steroid">di sini</a>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Terbitan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bes_nukelotida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bes nukelotida (laman tidak wujud)">bes nukelotida</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nukleosida" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Nukleosida</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Sistem_adenosina" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Sistem <a href="/wiki/Adenosina" title="Adenosina">adenosina</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adenosina_difosfat" title="Adenosina difosfat">ADP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adenosina_monofosfat" title="Adenosina monofosfat">AMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adenosina_trifosfat" title="Adenosina trifosfat">ATP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Terbitan <a href="/wiki/Vitamin" title="Vitamin">vitamin</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Sistem_kolinergik" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Sistem kolinergik</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asetilkolina" title="Asetilkolina">Asetilkolina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Transmiter_gas" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Transmiter gas</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karbon_monoksida" title="Karbon monoksida">Karbon monoksida (CO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen_sulfida" title="Hidrogen sulfida">Hidrogen sulfida (H<sub>2</sub>S)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrik_oksida" title="Nitrik oksida">Nitrik oksida (NO)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Calon" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Calon</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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