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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Breaking+ball%22">"Breaking ball"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Breaking+ball%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Breaking+ball%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Breaking+ball%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Breaking+ball%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Breaking+ball%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sliderillustration.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Sliderillustration.png" decoding="async" width="205" height="250" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="205" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption>A common grip of a slider</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a>, a <b>breaking ball</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Pitch_(baseball)" title="Pitch (baseball)">pitch</a> that does not travel straight as it approaches the <a href="/wiki/Batter_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Batter (baseball)">batter</a>; it will have sideways or downward motion on it, sometimes both (see <a href="/wiki/Slider_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Slider (baseball)">slider</a>). A breaking ball is not a specific pitch by that name, but is any pitch that "breaks", such as a <a href="/wiki/Curveball" title="Curveball">curveball</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slider_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Slider (baseball)">slider</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Screwball" title="Screwball">screwball</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Pitcher" title="Pitcher">pitcher</a> who primarily uses breaking ball pitches is often referred to as a <i><a href="/wiki/Junkballer" class="mw-redirect" title="Junkballer">junkballer</a></i>. </p><p>A breaking ball is more difficult than a straight pitch for a <a href="/wiki/Catcher" title="Catcher">catcher</a> to receive as breaking pitches sometimes hit the ground (whether intentionally, or not) before making it to the plate. A curveball moves down and to the left for a right handed pitcher. For a left hand pitcher, it moves down and to the right.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> And blocking a breaking ball requires thought and preparation by the catcher. The pitcher then, must have confidence in the catcher, and the catcher in himself, to block any ball in the dirt; if there are runners on base, they will likely advance if the ball gets away from the catcher. (Whether the pitcher is right- or left-handed will dictate which direction the catcher must turn his body to adjust for the spin of an upcoming breaking ball. This necessary movement may reveal the next intended pitch to the batter; therefore an experienced catcher must fake or mask his intentions when preparing for the pitch.) </p><p>If a breaking ball fails to break, it is called a "hanging" breaking ball, specifically, a "hanging" curve or even more specifically a "cement mixer" if it is a "hanging" slider that just spins. The "hanger" presents a high, slow pitch that is easy for the batter to see, and often results in an extra-base hit or a <a href="/wiki/Home_run" title="Home run">home run</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Don_Mattingly" title="Don Mattingly">Don Mattingly</a> wrote in <i>Don Mattingly's Hitting Is Simple: The ABC's of Batting .300</i> that "hitting a breaking ball is one of the toughest things you'll have to learn" due to the ball's very brief window in the <a href="/wiki/Strike_zone" title="Strike zone">strike zone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physics">Physics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Breaking_ball&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Physics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Generally the <a href="/wiki/Magnus_effect" title="Magnus effect">Magnus effect</a> describes the laws of physics that make a curveball curve. A fastball travels through the air with backspin, which creates a higher pressure zone in the air ahead of and under the baseball. The baseball's raised seams augment the ball's ability to develop a <a href="/wiki/Boundary_layer" title="Boundary layer">boundary layer</a> and therefore a greater differential of pressure between the upper and lower zones. The effect of <a href="/wiki/Gravity" title="Gravity">gravity</a> is partially counteracted as the ball rides on and into increased pressure. Thus the fastball falls less than a ball thrown without spin (neglecting <a href="/wiki/Knuckleball" title="Knuckleball">knuckleball</a> effects) during the 60 feet 6 inches it travels to home plate. </p><p>On the other hand, a curveball, thrown with <a href="/wiki/Topspin" title="Topspin">topspin</a>, creates a higher pressure zone on top of the ball, which deflects the ball downward in flight. Instead of counteracting gravity, the curveball adds additional downward force, thereby giving the ball an exaggerated drop in flight. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Breaking_ball&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Baseball lore has it that the curveball was invented in the early 1870s by <a href="/wiki/Candy_Cummings" title="Candy Cummings">Candy Cummings</a>, though this claim is debatable. An early demonstration of the "skewball" or curveball occurred at the <a href="/wiki/Capitoline_Grounds" title="Capitoline Grounds">Capitoline Grounds</a> in Brooklyn in August 1870 by <a href="/wiki/Fred_Goldsmith_(baseball)" title="Fred Goldsmith (baseball)">Fred Goldsmith</a>. In 1869, a reporter for the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Clipper" title="New York Clipper">New York Clipper</a></i> described <a href="/wiki/Phonney_Martin" title="Phonney Martin">Phonney Martin</a> as an "extremely hard pitcher to hit for the ball never comes in a straight line‚ but in a tantalizing curve." If the observation is true, this would pre-date Cummings and Goldsmith.<sup id="cite_ref-1869chrono_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1869chrono-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1876, the first known collegiate baseball player to perfect the curveball was <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Emir_Allen" title="Clarence Emir Allen">Clarence Emir Allen</a> of Western Reserve College, now known as <a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University" title="Case Western Reserve University">Case Western Reserve University</a>, where he never lost a game.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both Allen and his teammate John P. Barden became famous for employing the curve in the late 1870s.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 1880s, <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Scollard" title="Clinton Scollard">Clinton Scollard</a> (1860–1932), a pitcher from <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_College_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamilton College (New York)">Hamilton College</a> in New York, became famous for his curve ball and later earned fame as a prolific American poet.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1885, <a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Nicholas Magazine"><i>St. Nicholas</i>, a children's magazine</a>, featured a story entitled, "How Science Won the Game". It told of how a boy pitcher mastered the curveball to defeat the opposing batters.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Clipper" title="New York Clipper">New York Clipper</a></i> reported, of a September 26, 1863, game at <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> (then the College of New Jersey), that F. P. Henry's "slow pitching with a great twist to the ball achieved a victory over fast pitching." By 1866, many Princeton players were pitching and hitting "curved balls".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard</a> President <a href="/wiki/Charles_William_Eliot" title="Charles William Eliot">Charles Eliot</a> was among those opposed to the curve, claiming it was a dishonest practice unworthy of Harvard students.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At an athletics conference at Yale University in 1884 a speaker (thought to be from Harvard, likely Prof. Charles Eliot Norton, a cousin of the Harvard President<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was reported to have stated: "For the pitcher, instead of delivering the ball to the batter in an honest, straightforward way, that the latter may exert his strength to the best advantage in knocking it, now uses every effort to deceive him by curving—I think that is the word—the ball. And this is looked upon as the last triumph of athletic science and skill. I tell you it is time to call halt! when the boasted progress in athletics is in the direction of fraud and deceit."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the past, major league pitchers <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Bridges" title="Tommy Bridges">Tommy Bridges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Bob Feller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virgil_Trucks" title="Virgil Trucks">Virgil Trucks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herb_Score" title="Herb Score">Herb Score</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camilo_Pascual" title="Camilo Pascual">Camilo Pascual</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Koufax" title="Sandy Koufax">Sandy Koufax</a> were regarded as having outstanding curveballs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Breaking_ball&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/28px-Baseball.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/42px-Baseball.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/56px-Baseball.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="520" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Baseball" title="Portal:Baseball">Baseball portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swing_bowling" title="Swing bowling">Swing bowling</a>, a similar concept in cricket</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Breaking_ball&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170724073952/http://www.efastball.com/baseball/pitching/grips/curve-ball-grip/">"How to Grip a Curve Ball"</a>. efastball.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efastball.com/baseball/pitching/grips/curve-ball-grip/">the original</a> on July 24, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+Grip+a+Curve+Ball&rft.pub=efastball.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.efastball.com%2Fbaseball%2Fpitching%2Fgrips%2Fcurve-ball-grip%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMattinglyRosenthal2014" class="citation book cs1">Mattingly, Don; Rosenthal, Jim (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vK7cAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA60"><i>Don Mattingly's Hitting Is Simple: The ABC's of Batting 300</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/St._Martin%27s_Griffin" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Martin's Griffin">St. Martin's Griffin</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">60–</span>63. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781466867758" title="Special:BookSources/9781466867758"><bdi>9781466867758</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Don+Mattingly%27s+Hitting+Is+Simple%3A+The+ABC%27s+of+Batting+300.&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E60-%3C%2Fspan%3E63&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Griffin&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781466867758&rft.aulast=Mattingly&rft.aufirst=Don&rft.au=Rosenthal%2C+Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvK7cAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1869chrono-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1869chrono_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081211104100/http://www.baseballlibrary.com/chronology/byyear.php?year=1869">"Charlton's Baseball Chronology – 1869"</a>. <i>baseballlibrary.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baseballlibrary.com/chronology/byyear.php?year=1869">the original</a> on December 11, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=baseballlibrary.com&rft.atitle=Charlton%27s+Baseball+Chronology+%E2%80%93+1869&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseballlibrary.com%2Fchronology%2Fbyyear.php%3Fyear%3D1869&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEgan2008" class="citation book cs1">Egan, James M. Jr. (May 21, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CdyMqAs9Cm4C&q=%22Clarence+Emir+Allen%22+baseball&pg=PA75"><i>Base Ball on the Western Reserve: The Early Game in Cleveland and Northeast Ohio, Year by Year and Town by Town, 1865-1900</i></a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786430673" title="Special:BookSources/9780786430673"><bdi>9780786430673</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2018</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Base+Ball+on+the+Western+Reserve%3A+The+Early+Game+in+Cleveland+and+Northeast+Ohio%2C+Year+by+Year+and+Town+by+Town%2C+1865-1900&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2008-05-21&rft.isbn=9780786430673&rft.aulast=Egan&rft.aufirst=James+M.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCdyMqAs9Cm4C%26q%3D%2522Clarence%2BEmir%2BAllen%2522%2Bbaseball%26pg%3DPA75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dks.library.kent.edu/cgi-bin/kentstate?a=d&d=tks19270428-01.2.32">"The Kent Stater 28 April 1927 — Kent State University"</a>. <i>dks.library.kent.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dks.library.kent.edu&rft.atitle=The+Kent+Stater+28+April+1927+%E2%80%94+Kent+State+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdks.library.kent.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fkentstate%3Fa%3Dd%26d%3Dtks19270428-01.2.32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140224055757/http://faculty.uscupstate.edu/jpellegrino/articles/scollardencyclopediaarticle.htm">"Clinton Scollard"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faculty.uscupstate.edu/jpellegrino/articles/scollardencyclopediaarticle.htm">the original</a> on February 24, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Clinton+Scollard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaculty.uscupstate.edu%2Fjpellegrino%2Farticles%2Fscollardencyclopediaarticle.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dBEbAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA924">"St. Nicholas"</a>. Scribner & Company. May 9, 1885<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2018</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Nicholas&rft.pub=Scribner+%26+Company&rft.date=1885-05-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdBEbAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA924&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPresbreyMoffatt2018" class="citation web cs1">Presbrey, Frank; Moffatt, James Hugh (May 9, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eTUCAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA83">"Athletics at Princeton: A History"</a>. Frank Presbrey Company<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2018</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Athletics+at+Princeton%3A+A+History&rft.pub=Frank+Presbrey+Company&rft.date=2018-05-09&rft.aulast=Presbrey&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.au=Moffatt%2C+James+Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeTUCAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2012/04/eliot-house/">"A look inside: Eliot House"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Gazette" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard Gazette">Harvard Gazette</a></i>. April 19, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 14,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Harvard+Gazette&rft.atitle=A+look+inside%3A+Eliot+House&rft.date=2012-04-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.harvard.edu%2Fgazette%2Fstory%2F2012%2F04%2Feliot-house%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKiara_F._Z._Barrow2013" class="citation web cs1">Kiara F. Z. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Harvard+Crimson&rft.atitle=Throwback+Thursday&rft.date=2013-11-07&rft.au=Kiara+F.+Z.+Barrow&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecrimson.com%2Farticle%2F2013%2F11%2F7%2Fthrowback-thursday-baseball%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="sabr.org" class="citation web cs1">Herschberger, Richard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sabr.org/research/deliberate-attempt-deceive-correcting-quotation-misattributed-charles-eliot-president">"With a Deliberate Attempt to Deceive"</a>. <i>SABR - Society for American Baseball Research</i>. Baseball Research Journal, Spring 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SABR+-+Society+for+American+Baseball+Research&rft.atitle=With+a+Deliberate+Attempt+to+Deceive&rft.aulast=Herschberger&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsabr.org%2Fresearch%2Fdeliberate-attempt-deceive-correcting-quotation-misattributed-charles-eliot-president&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sabr.org/research/deliberate-attempt-deceive-correcting-quotation-misattributed-charles-eliot-president#sdendnote2sym">"Give the Batsman a Chance"</a>. <i>New York Clipper - cited in the Herschberger article cited above</i>. Vol. XXXI, no. 44, Column 3. New York Clipper. January 19, 1884<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Clipper+-+cited+in+the+Herschberger+article+cited+above.&rft.atitle=Give+the+Batsman+a+Chance&rft.volume=XXXI&rft.issue=44%2C+Column+3&rft.date=1884-01-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsabr.org%2Fresearch%2Fdeliberate-attempt-deceive-correcting-quotation-misattributed-charles-eliot-president%23sdendnote2sym&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABreaking+ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Breaking_ball&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Breaking balls</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curveball" title="Curveball">Curveball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/12%E2%80%936_curveball" title="12–6 curveball">12–6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knuckle_curve" title="Knuckle curve">knuckle curve</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball" title="Screwball">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slider_(pitch)" title="Slider (pitch)">Slider</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweeper_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweeper (baseball)">sweeper</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slurve" title="Slurve">Slurve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Changeup" title="Changeup">Changeups</a></th><td 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href="/wiki/Eephus_pitch" title="Eephus pitch">Eephus pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knuckleball" title="Knuckleball">Knuckleball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_baseball_(P)#purpose_pitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Glossary of baseball (P)">Purpose pitches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inside_pitching" title="Inside pitching">Inside pitching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brushback_pitch" title="Brushback pitch">brushback</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_base_on_balls" title="Intentional base on balls">Intentional walk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pitchout" title="Pitchout">pitchout</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Illegal pitches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beanball" title="Beanball">Beanball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emery_ball" title="Emery ball">Emery ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shine_ball" class="mw-redirect" title="Shine ball">Shine ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitball" title="Spitball">Spitball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick_pitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Quick pitch">Quick pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_pitch_doctoring_controversy" title="2021 pitch doctoring controversy">2021 pitch doctoring controversy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balk" title="Balk">Balk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_pitch" title="Wild pitch">Wild pitch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deliveries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pitching_position" title="Pitching position">Pitching position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overhand_throw" title="Overhand throw">Overhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidearm_(baseball)" title="Sidearm (baseball)">Sidearm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_(baseball)" title="Submarine (baseball)">Submarine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strike_zone" title="Strike zone">Strike zone</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Neyer/James_Guide_to_Pitchers" title="The Neyer/James Guide to Pitchers">The Neyer/James Guide to Pitchers</a></i> (2004 book)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Knuckleball!" title="Knuckleball!">Knuckleball!</a></i> (2012 documentary)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Baseball_and_softball_concepts823" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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rules">Baseball rules</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheating_in_baseball" title="Cheating in baseball">Cheating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_baseball_and_softball" title="Comparison of baseball and softball">Comparison of baseball and softball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fastpitch_softball" title="Fastpitch softball">fastpitch softball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16-inch_softball" title="16-inch softball">16-inch softball</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ejection_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ejection (baseball)">Ejections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_rules" title="Ground rules">Ground rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infield_fly_rule" title="Infield fly rule">Infield fly rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_flight" title="In flight">In flight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interference_(baseball)" title="Interference (baseball)">Interference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_clock" title="Pitch clock">Pitch clock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protested_game" title="Protested game">Protested game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_zone" title="Strike zone">Strike zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspended_game" title="Suspended game">Suspended game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unwritten_rules_of_baseball" title="Unwritten rules of baseball">Unwritten rules</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ballpark" title="Ballpark">Ballpark</a>/<a href="/wiki/Baseball_field" title="Baseball field">field</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backstop_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Backstop (baseball)">Backstop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_field" title="Baseball field">Baseball diamond</a></li> <li><a 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_(ball)" title="Baseball (ball)">Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_bat" title="Baseball bat">Bat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_cage" title="Batting cage">Batting cage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_glove" title="Batting glove">Batting glove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_helmet" title="Batting helmet">Batting helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_cap" title="Baseball cap">Cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_doughnut" title="Baseball doughnut">Doughnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_glove" title="Baseball glove">Glove (defense)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitching_machine" title="Pitching machine">Pitching machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jockstrap#Protective_cup" title="Jockstrap">Protective cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin_guard" title="Shin guard">Shin guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_stirrups" title="Baseball stirrups">Stirrups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_uniform" title="Baseball uniform">Uniform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_number_(Major_League_Baseball)" title="Uniform number (Major League Baseball)">Uniform number</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Game process</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batting_order_(baseball)" title="Batting order (baseball)">Batting order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inning" title="Inning">Innings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extra_innings" title="Extra innings">extra innings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out_(baseball)" title="Out (baseball)">Out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_positions" title="Baseball positions">Positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Run_(baseball)" title="Run (baseball)">Run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pace_of_play" title="Pace of play">Pace of play</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Batting_(baseball)" title="Batting (baseball)">Batting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/At_bat" title="At bat">At bat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_chop" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore chop">Baltimore chop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_flip" title="Bat flip">Bat flip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batted_ball" title="Batted ball">Batted ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_(baseball)" title="Count (baseball)">Batting count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_out_of_turn" title="Batting out of turn">Batting out of order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunt_(baseball)" title="Bunt (baseball)">Bunt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_bunt" title="Sacrifice bunt">sacrifice bunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slap_bunt" title="Slap bunt">slap bunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squeeze_play_(baseball)" title="Squeeze play (baseball)">squeeze play</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charging_the_mound" title="Charging the mound">Charging the mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checked_swing" title="Checked swing">Checked swing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleanup_hitter" title="Cleanup hitter">Cleanup hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_hitter" title="Contact hitter">Contact hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designated_hitter" title="Designated hitter">Designated hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_(baseball)" title="Double (baseball)">Double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_switch_(baseball)" title="Double switch (baseball)">Double switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foul_ball" title="Foul ball">Foul ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foul_tip" title="Foul tip">Foul tip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_sombrero" title="Golden sombrero">Golden sombrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_rule_double" title="Ground rule double">Ground rule double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hat-trick#Baseball" title="Hat-trick">Hat trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hit_(baseball)" title="Hit (baseball)">Hit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hit_and_run_(baseball)" title="Hit and run (baseball)">Hit and run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hit_by_pitch" title="Hit by pitch">Hit by pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitting_for_the_cycle" title="Hitting for the cycle">Hitting for the cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_run" title="Home run">Home run</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_slam_(baseball)" title="Grand slam (baseball)">Grand slam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inside-the-park_home_run" title="Inside-the-park home run">Inside-the-park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walk-off_home_run" title="Walk-off home run">Walk-off</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonshot_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moonshot (baseball)">Moonshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_home_run" title="Chinese home run">Chinese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infield_hit" title="Infield hit">Infield hit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadoff_hitter" title="Leadoff hitter">Leadoff hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lefty-righty_switch" title="Lefty-righty switch">Lefty-righty switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Line drive">Line drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendoza_Line" title="Mendoza Line">Mendoza Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-deck" title="On-deck">On-deck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinch_hitter" title="Pinch hitter">Pinch hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_appearance" title="Plate appearance">Plate appearance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platoon_system" title="Platoon system">Platoon system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_hitter" title="Power hitter">Power hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pull_hitter" title="Pull hitter">Pull hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_fly" title="Sacrifice fly">Sacrifice fly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_(baseball)" title="Single (baseball)">Single</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strikeout" title="Strikeout">Strikeout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_zone" title="Strike zone">Strike zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_spot_(sports)#Baseball" title="Sweet spot (sports)">Sweet spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switch_hitter" title="Switch hitter">Switch hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_(baseball)" title="Triple (baseball)">Triple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Base_on_balls" title="Base on balls">Walk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(baseball)" title="Pitch (baseball)">Pitching</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(softball)" title="Pitch (softball)">(softball)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balk" title="Balk">Balk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beanball" title="Beanball">Beanball</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Breaking ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brushback_pitch" title="Brushback pitch">Brushback pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changeup" title="Changeup">Changeup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_changeup" title="Vulcan changeup">Vulcan changeup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curveball" title="Curveball">Curveball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eephus_pitch" title="Eephus pitch">Eephus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emery_ball" title="Emery ball">Emery ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastball" title="Fastball">Fastball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Two-seam_fastball" title="Two-seam fastball">two-seam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-seam_fastball" title="Four-seam fastball">four-seam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut_fastball" title="Cut fastball">cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinker_(pitch)" title="Sinker (pitch)">sinker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split-finger_fastball" title="Split-finger fastball">split-finger</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_count" class="mw-redirect" title="Full count">Full count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_pitchers_who_have_thrown_an_immaculate_inning" title="List of Major League Baseball pitchers who have thrown an immaculate inning">Immaculate inning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inside_pitching" title="Inside pitching">Inside pitching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_balk" title="Intentional balk">Intentional balk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_base_on_balls" title="Intentional base on balls">Intentional walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knuckleball" title="Knuckleball">Knuckleball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maddux_(statistic)" title="Maddux (statistic)">Maddux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-hitter" title="No-hitter">No-hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfect_game_(baseball)" title="Perfect game (baseball)">Perfect game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickoff" title="Pickoff">Pickoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_count" title="Pitch count">Pitch count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitching_position" title="Pitching position">Pitching position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitchout" title="Pitchout">Pitchout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick_pitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Quick pitch">Quick pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball" title="Screwball">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shutout_(baseball)" title="Shutout (baseball)">Shutout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slider_(pitch)" title="Slider (pitch)">Slider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitball" title="Spitball">Spitball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strikeout" title="Strikeout">Strikeout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_zone" title="Strike zone">Strike zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Striking_out_the_side" title="Striking out the side">Striking out the side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switch_pitcher" title="Switch pitcher">Switch pitcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_of_pitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Time of pitch">Time of pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_pitch" title="Wild pitch">Wild pitch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Base_running" title="Base running">Base running</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balk" title="Balk">Balk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bases_loaded" class="mw-redirect" title="Bases loaded">Bases loaded</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caught_stealing" title="Caught stealing">Caught stealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hit_and_run_(baseball)" title="Hit and run (baseball)">Hit and run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_off" title="Lead off">Lead off</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_on_base" class="mw-redirect" title="Left on base">Left on base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obstruction_(baseball)" title="Obstruction (baseball)">Obstruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinch_runner" title="Pinch runner">Pinch runner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rundown" title="Rundown">Rundown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_(baseball)" title="Safe (baseball)">Safe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoring_position" title="Scoring position">Scoring position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slide_(baseball)" title="Slide (baseball)">Slide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_ball_(baseball)" title="Small ball (baseball)">Small ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squeeze_play_(baseball)" title="Squeeze play (baseball)">Squeeze play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_base" title="Stolen base">Stolen base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tag_up" title="Tag up">Tag up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tie_goes_to_the_runner" title="Tie goes to the runner">Tie goes to the runner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fielding<br /><a href="/wiki/Baseball_positioning" title="Baseball positioning">(positioning)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_play" title="Appeal play">Appeal play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assist_(baseball)" title="Assist (baseball)">Assist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_the_plate" title="Blocking the plate">Blocking the plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_(baseball)" title="Catch (baseball)">Catch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caught_stealing" title="Caught stealing">Caught stealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covering_a_base" title="Covering a base">Covering a base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defensive_indifference" class="mw-redirect" title="Defensive indifference">Defensive indifference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_play" title="Double play">Double play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Error_(baseball)" title="Error (baseball)">Error</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fielder%27s_choice" title="Fielder's choice">Fielder's choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_infielder" title="Fifth infielder">Fifth infielder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_play" title="Force play">Force play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_out" title="Fourth out">Fourth out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_ball_trick" title="Hidden ball trick">Hidden ball trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In-between_hop" title="In-between hop">In-between hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infield_fly_rule" title="Infield fly rule">Infield fly rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infield_shift" title="Infield shift">Infield shift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interference_(baseball)" title="Interference (baseball)">Interference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhood_play" title="Neighborhood play">Neighborhood play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passed_ball" title="Passed ball">Passed ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickoff" title="Pickoff">Pickoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putout" title="Putout">Putout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rundown" title="Rundown">Rundown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tag_out" title="Tag out">Tag out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_play" title="Triple play">Triple play</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unassisted_triple_play" title="Unassisted triple play">unassisted</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncaught_third_strike" title="Uncaught third strike">Uncaught third strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_climb" title="Wall climb">Wall climb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_play" title="Wheel play">Wheel play</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_card" title="Baseball card">Baseball card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_statistics" title="Baseball statistics">Baseball statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bench_jockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Bench jockey">Bench jockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bench-clearing_brawl" title="Bench-clearing brawl">Bench-clearing brawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_ball#Baseball" title="Dead ball">Dead ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doubleheader_(baseball)" title="Doubleheader (baseball)">Doubleheader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_baseball_terms" title="Glossary of baseball terms">Jargon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injured_list" title="Injured list">Injured list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_baseball_films" title="List of baseball films">List of baseball films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_(baseball)" title="Pepper (baseball)">Pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_scorekeeping" title="Baseball scorekeeping">Scorekeeping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_(baseball)" title="Series (baseball)">Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh-inning_stretch" title="Seventh-inning stretch">Seventh-inning stretch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shagging_(baseball)" title="Shagging (baseball)">Shagging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sign_stealing" title="Sign stealing">Sign stealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slump_(sports)" title="Slump (sports)">Slump</a></li> <li>Streak <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Losing_streak#Baseball" title="Losing streak">losing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winning_streak#Baseball" title="Winning streak">winning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variations_of_baseball" title="Variations of baseball">Variations of baseball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" 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