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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ascent of Mont Ventoux</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Petrarch's ascent during 1336.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mont_ventoux_from_mirabel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Mont_ventoux_from_mirabel.jpg/250px-Mont_ventoux_from_mirabel.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Mont_ventoux_from_mirabel.jpg/375px-Mont_ventoux_from_mirabel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Mont_ventoux_from_mirabel.jpg/500px-Mont_ventoux_from_mirabel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1438" data-file-height="809" /></a><figcaption>View of Mont Ventoux from <a href="/wiki/Mirabel-aux-Baronnies" title="Mirabel-aux-Baronnies">Mirabel-aux-Baronnies</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Italian poet <a href="/wiki/Petrarch" title="Petrarch">Petrarch</a> wrote about his ascent of <a href="/wiki/Mont_Ventoux" title="Mont Ventoux">Mont Ventoux</a> (in Provence; elevation 1912 meters) on 26 April 1336 in a well-known letter published as one of his <i><a href="/wiki/Epistolae_familiares" title="Epistolae familiares">Epistolae familiares</a></i> (IV, 1). In this letter, written around 1350, Petrarch claimed to be the first person since <a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">antiquity</a> to have climbed a mountain for the view. Although the historical accuracy of his account has been questioned by modern scholars, it is often cited in discussions of the new spirit of the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contents">Contents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascent_of_Mont_Ventoux&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Contents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Petrarch's letter is addressed to his former confessor, <a href="/wiki/Dionigi_di_Borgo_San_Sepolcro" title="Dionigi di Borgo San Sepolcro">Dionigi di Borgo San Sepolcro</a>. It says he ascended the mountain with his brother Gherardo and two servants exactly ten years after they had left Bologna. They began at the village of <a href="/wiki/Malauc%C3%A8ne" title="Malaucène">Malaucène</a> at the foot of the mountain. On the way up, they met an old shepherd who said he had climbed the mountain some fifty years before, finding only rocks and brambles and that no one else had done it before or since. The brothers continued, Gherardo continuing up the ridge they were following, Petrarch ever trying for an easier, if longer, path.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the top, they found a peak called <i>Filiolus</i>, "Little Son"; Petrarch reflected on the past ten years and the waste of his earthly love for Laura. They looked out from that spot, seeing the <a href="/wiki/Rhone" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhone">Rhone</a> and the <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9vennes" title="Cévennes">Cévennes</a>, but not the <a href="/wiki/Pyrenees" title="Pyrenees">Pyrenees</a> (which are 200 miles away). At this point, Petrarch sat down, opened Augustine's <i>Confessions</i>, and immediately came upon "And men go about to wonder at the heights of the mountains, and the mighty waves of the sea, and the wide sweep of rivers, and the circuit of the ocean, and the revolution of the stars, but themselves they consider not."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Petrarch fell silent on the trip down, reflecting on the vanity of human wishes and the nobility of uncorrupted human thought. When they arrived back in the village in the middle of the night, Petrarch wrote this letter "hastily and extemporaneously" - or so he says.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historic_doubts">Historic doubts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascent_of_Mont_Ventoux&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Historic doubts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is often claimed that Petrarch was the first to climb Mont Ventoux, although he did not suggest so himself. The mountain was likely already climbed in prehistoric times. There is even a slightly older written account of an ascent by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Buridan" title="Jean Buridan">Jean Buridan</a>, who, on his way to the papal court in <a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a> before the year 1334, climbed Mt. Ventoux "to make some meteorological observations."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It seems implausible that Petrarch sat down and wrote the six thousand words we have, in elegant Latin with correct quotations from the classical poets, before dinner after an eighteen-hour hike up and down a mountain.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, whether Petrarch himself climbed the mountain has been doubted by modern scholars; according to Pierre Courcelle and Giuseppe Billanovich, the letter is essentially a fiction written almost fifteen years after its supposed date, and almost a decade after the death of its addressee, Francesco Dionigi da Borgo San Sepulcro.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lyell Asher argued, indeed, that the ascent of the mountain was a <a href="/wiki/Figure_of_speech" title="Figure of speech">figurative</a> account of writing the letter itself.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_reception">Modern reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascent_of_Mont_Ventoux&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Modern reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Burckhardt" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakob Burckhardt">Jakob Burckhardt</a>, in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Civilization_of_the_Renaissance_in_Italy" title="The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy">The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy</a></i> declared Petrarch "a truly modern man" because of the significance of nature for his "receptive spirit"; even if he did not yet have the skill to describe nature.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Petrarch's implication that he was the first to climb mountains for pleasure,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Burckhardt's insistence on Petrarch's sensitivity to nature have been often repeated since.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also numerous references to Petrarch as an "alpinist",.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However <a href="/wiki/Mont_Ventoux" title="Mont Ventoux">Mont Ventoux</a> is not a hard climb, and is not usually considered part of the Alps.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This implicit claim of Petrarch and Burckhardt, that Petrarch was the first to climb a mountain for pleasure since antiquity, was disproven by <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Thorndike" title="Lynn Thorndike">Lynn Thorndike</a> in 1943.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>The Legitimacy of the Modern Age</i> by <a href="/wiki/Hans_Blumenberg" title="Hans Blumenberg">Hans Blumenberg</a> describes Petrarch's ascent of Ventoux as "one of the great moments that oscillate indecisively between the epochs," namely between the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">medieval</a> period and <a href="/wiki/Early_modern_Europe" title="Early modern Europe">modernity</a>. He also uses it to illustrate his theory of intellectual history: "The description of the ascent of Mont Ventoux exemplifies graphically what is meant by the 'reality' of history as the reoccupation of formal systems of positions."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/James_Hillman" title="James Hillman">James Hillman</a>, in <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re-Visioning_Psychology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Re-Visioning Psychology (page does not exist)">Re-Visioning Psychology</a></i>, uses the story of Petrarch's ascent to illustrate his argument that the outer world of nature is mirrored by an equally vast inner world of images. Both worlds exist apart from the human being. The outer world may have motivated Petrarch to climb Mont Ventoux, but the inner world is what he discovered when he reached the top and read the passage from Augustine's <i><a href="/wiki/Confessions_(St._Augustine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Confessions (St. Augustine)">Confessions</a></i>. <sup id="cite_ref-RP_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RP-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The findings support this argument, that aesthetic experiences of nature and landscape can also be found in medieval accounts, such as the ascent of the volcanic mountain <a href="/wiki/Vulcano" title="Vulcano">Vulcano</a> by the Dominican friar <a href="/wiki/Burchard_of_Mount_Sion" title="Burchard of Mount Sion">Burchard of Mount Sion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, what is new for Petrarch compared to medieval reports is the artistic representation of his mountain ascent as a subjective experience of autonomy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascent_of_Mont_Ventoux&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Petrarch himself applies this to his spiritual failures; this passage is one of the reasons the whole letter is regarded as <a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory">allegory</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.logicmuseum.com/wiki/Authors/Augustine/confessions/L10#10.8.15"><i>Confessions</i> X.8.15</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bishop, pp.102-112; quotes and translation from Bishop, as is the choice of points to summarize and the comment on the Pyrenees.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ernest A. Moody <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.u.arizona.edu/~aversa/scholastic/Dictionary%20of%20Scientific%20Biography/08.%20Buridan%20b.%20ca.%201295%20(Moody).pdf">Jean Buridan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210213173420/http://www.u.arizona.edu/~aversa/scholastic/Dictionary%20of%20Scientific%20Biography/08.%20Buridan%20b.%20ca.%201295%20(Moody).pdf">Archived</a> 2021-02-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> in the Dictionary of Scientific Biography</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Kimmelman, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=travel&res=9F03E2DC153EF935A35755C0A96F958260">"NOT Because it's There"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, June 6, 1999. See also <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Thorndike" title="Lynn Thorndike">Lynn Thorndike</a>, pp. 69-74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">So Bishop, p. 112</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Connell, Michael, "Authority and the Truth of Experience in Petrarch's 'Ascent of Mount Ventoux,'" <i><a href="/wiki/Philological_Quarterly" title="Philological Quarterly">Philological Quarterly</a></i>, 62 (1983), p.507, citing Billanovich, Giuseppe. "Petrarca e il Ventuso," <i>Italia medioevale e umanisrica</i> 9 (1966), pp. 389-401, and Courcelle, Pierre, "Petrarque entre Saint Augustin et les Augustins du XIVe siecle," <i>Studipetrarcheschi</i> 7 (1961), pp. 51-71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Asher, Lyell, <i> Petrarch at the Peak of Fame</i>; PMLA, Vol. 108, No. 5. (Oct., 1993), pp. 1050-1063.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burckhardt, <i>Civilization</i>, Part IV §3, beginning. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boisestate.edu/courses/hy309/docs/burckhardt/4-3.html">convenience link</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070203015126/http://www.boisestate.edu/courses/hy309/docs/burckhardt/4-3.html">Archived</a> February 3, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">, E.g. Bishop, p.104:"the first recorded Alpinist, the first to climb a mountain because it is there."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">, E.g. Kimmelman, who sees Petrarch's letter as early environmental writing.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">E.g. <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Cassirer" title="Ernst Cassirer">Ernst Cassirer</a>: <i>The Renaissance Philosophy of Man</i>, tr. Hans Nachod, p.28:"The colorful description of this enterprise has startled many readers who have been amazed to see a man of his epoch venturing to climb a mountain for a view like a modern alpinist"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bishop, p.102,104</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thorndike, pp. 69-74</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blumenberg, pp. 341, 342</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RP-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RP_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHillman1977" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Hillman" title="James Hillman">Hillman, James</a> (1977). <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re-Visioning_Psychology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Re-Visioning Psychology (page does not exist)">Re-Visioning Psychology</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Harper_%26_Row" class="mw-redirect" title="Harper & Row">Harper & Row</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/revisioningpsych00hill/page/197">197</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-090563-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-090563-8"><bdi>0-06-090563-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Re-Visioning+Psychology&rft.pages=197&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0-06-090563-8&rft.aulast=Hillman&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscent+of+Mont+Ventoux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mehr, Christian: Vor Petrarca. Die Bergbesteigung eines Mönchs auf Vulcano. Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 101, 2 (2019), p. 317-346.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascent_of_Mont_Ventoux&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Burckhardt" title="Jacob Burckhardt">Jacob Burckhardt</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascent_of_Mont_Ventoux&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bishop, Morris <i>Petrarch and His World</i>. ; Bloomington, Indiana. Indiana University Press 1963</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Blumenberg" title="Hans Blumenberg">Blumenberg, Hans</a>, <i>The Legitimacy of the Modern Age</i> (tr. Robert M. Wallace). Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1983.</li> <li>Burckhardt, Jacob. <i>The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy</i>, (1868) tr. Middlemore; New York, Macmillan 1890.</li> <li>Michael Kimmelman, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=travel&res=9F03E2DC153EF935A35755C0A96F958260">"NOT Because it's There"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, June 6, 1999.</i></li> <li>O'Connell, Michael, "Authority and the Truth of Experience in Petrarch's 'Ascent of Mount Ventoux,'" <i>Philological Quarterly</i>, 62 (1983),</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThorndikeJohnson,_Francis_RKristeller,_Paul_OskarLockwood,_Dean_P1943" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Thorndike" title="Lynn Thorndike">Thorndike, Lynn</a>; Johnson, Francis R; Kristeller, Paul Oskar; Lockwood, Dean P; Thorndike, Lynn (January 1943). "Renaissance or Prenaissance?". <i>Journal of the History of Ideas</i>. <b>4</b> (1). University of Pennsylvania Press: 65–74. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-5037">0022-5037</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2707236">2707236</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+History+of+Ideas&rft.atitle=Renaissance+or+Prenaissance%3F&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=65-74&rft.date=1943-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2707236%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0022-5037&rft.aulast=Thorndike&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Francis+R&rft.au=Kristeller%2C+Paul+Oskar&rft.au=Lockwood%2C+Dean+P&rft.au=Thorndike%2C+Lynn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscent+of+Mont+Ventoux" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascent_of_Mont_Ventoux&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Ascent_of_Mount_Ventoux" class="extiw" title="wikisource:The Ascent of Mount Ventoux">The Ascent of Mount Ventoux</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.hanover.edu/texts/petrarch/pet17.html">English translation of <i>Ep. 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hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poetry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Canzoniere" title="Il Canzoniere">Canzoniere</a></i> <i>(Rerum vulgarium fragmenta</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Africa_(Petrarch)" title="Africa (Petrarch)">Africa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trionfi_(poem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trionfi (poem)">Trionfi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bucolicum_carmen" title="Bucolicum carmen">Bucolicum carmen</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treatises</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/De_Viris_Illustribus_(Petrarch)" class="mw-redirect" title="De Viris Illustribus (Petrarch)">De viris illustribus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_remediis_utriusque_fortunae" title="De remediis utriusque fortunae">De remediis utriusque fortunae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_vita_solitaria" title="De vita solitaria">De vita solitaria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_otio_religiosorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De otio religiosorum (page does not exist)">De otio religiosorum</a></i></li> <li><i>Rerum memorandarum libri</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Epistles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Epistolae_familiares" title="Epistolae familiares">Familiares</a></i></li> <li>"<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ascent of Mont Ventoux</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_sine_nomine" title="Liber sine nomine">Liber sine nomine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epistolae_familiares#Letters_of_Seniles" title="Epistolae familiares">Seniles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Petrarch#Works" title="Petrarch">Letter to Posterity</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Secretum_(book)" title="Secretum (book)">Secretum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Itinerarium_(Petrarch)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Itinerarium (Petrarch) (page does not exist)">Itinerarium syriacum</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante Alighieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionigi_di_Borgo_San_Sepolcro" title="Dionigi di Borgo San Sepolcro">Dionigi di Borgo San Sepolcro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francescuolo_da_Brossano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francescuolo da Brossano (page does not exist)">Francescuolo da Brossano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Nelli" title="Francesco Nelli">Francesco Nelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Boccaccio" title="Giovanni Boccaccio">Giovanni Boccaccio</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Colonna_(cardinal,_1295-1348)" class="mw-redirect" title="Giovanni Colonna (cardinal, 1295-1348)">Giovanni Colonna</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Fra <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Colonna_(historian)" title="Giovanni Colonna (historian)">Giovanni Colonna</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Sette" title="Guido Sette">Guido Sette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ildebrandino_Conti" title="Ildebrandino Conti">Ildebrandino Conti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_de_Noves" title="Laura de Noves">Laura de Noves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodewijk_Heyligen" title="Lodewijk Heyligen">Lodewijk Heyligen</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Ser <a href="/wiki/Ser_Petracco" title="Ser Petracco">Petracco</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_de_Cabassoles" title="Philippe de Cabassoles">Philippe de Cabassoles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert,_King_of_Naples" title="Robert, King of Naples">Robert, King of Naples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_Martini" title="Simone Martini">Simone Martini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Colonna" title="Stefano Colonna">Stefano Colonna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petrarch%27s_library" class="mw-redirect" title="Petrarch's library">Petrarch's library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrarchan_sonnet" title="Petrarchan sonnet">Petrarchan sonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrarch%27s_and_Shakespeare%27s_sonnets" title="Petrarch's and Shakespeare's sonnets">Petrarch's and Shakespeare's sonnets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arqu%C3%A0_Petrarca" title="Arquà Petrarca">Arquà Petrarca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influence_of_Italian_humanism_on_Chaucer" title="Influence of Italian humanism on Chaucer">Influence of Italian humanism on Chaucer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Molina,_Venice" title="Palazzo Molina, Venice">Palazzo Molina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrarca-Preis" title="Petrarca-Preis">Petrarca-Preis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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