CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Antonia Fraser - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4e17d268-b7d7-4a02-ae68-16f42e36cc6b","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Antonia_Fraser","wgTitle":"Antonia Fraser","wgCurRevisionId":1275385144,"wgRevisionId":1275385144,"wgArticleId":140356,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from July 2017","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use British English from October 2016","Use dmy dates from February 2020","Articles with hAudio microformats","Incomplete lists from July 2014","1932 births", "Living people","Pakenham family","20th-century English biographers","20th-century English historians","20th-century English novelists","20th-century English women writers","21st-century English biographers","21st-century English historians","21st-century English memoirists","21st-century English novelists","21st-century English women writers","Alumni of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford","British debutantes","British women biographers","British women historical novelists","British women historians","British women mystery writers","Converts to Roman Catholicism","Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire","Daughters of Irish earls","Daughters of life peers","English Roman Catholics","English women novelists","Fellows of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford","Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature","Harold Pinter","James Tait Black Memorial Prize recipients","Members of the Detection Club","Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour","People educated at St Mary's School, Ascot", "People educated at The Dragon School","Presidents of the English Centre of PEN","Royal biographers","Tudor historians","Wives of knights","Writers from London","Wolfson History Prize winners"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Antonia_Fraser","wgRelevantArticleId":140356,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage", "wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q242796","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"} ;RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.tmh.player","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.15"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Antonia_Fraser.jpg/1200px-Antonia_Fraser.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Antonia_Fraser.jpg/800px-Antonia_Fraser.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="533"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Antonia_Fraser.jpg/640px-Antonia_Fraser.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="427"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Antonia Fraser - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Antonia_Fraser rootpage-Antonia_Fraser skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Antonia+Fraser" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Antonia+Fraser" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Antonia+Fraser" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Antonia+Fraser" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Family_background_and_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family_background_and_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Family background and education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family_background_and_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Related_experience" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_experience"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Related experience</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_experience-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memoir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memoir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Memoir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memoir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marriages_and_later_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriages_and_later_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Marriages and later life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriages_and_later_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Lady_Antonia_Fraser_Archive_in_the_British_Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Lady_Antonia_Fraser_Archive_in_the_British_Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>The Lady Antonia Fraser Archive in the British Library</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Lady_Antonia_Fraser_Archive_in_the_British_Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Works-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Works subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Non-fiction_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-fiction_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Non-fiction works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-fiction_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Historical fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jemima_Shore_novels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jemima_Shore_novels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Jemima Shore novels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jemima_Shore_novels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Editor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biographies_and_profiles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biographies_and_profiles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Biographies and profiles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biographies_and_profiles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interviews_and_articles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interviews_and_articles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Interviews and articles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interviews_and_articles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Antonia Fraser</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="أنطونيا فرازير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أنطونيا فرازير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%B1" title="آنتونیا فریزر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آنتونیا فریزر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B7%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Антония Фрейзър – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Антония Фрейзър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%B1" title="آنتونیا فریزر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آنتونیا فریزر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%96%D7%A8" title="אנטוניה פרייזר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנטוניה פרייזר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="انطونيا فرازير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انطونيا فرازير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B6%E3%83%BC" title="アントニア・フレーザー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アントニア・フレーザー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Antonia Fraser" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q242796#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Antonia_Fraser" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Antonia_Fraser"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Antonia_Fraser"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Antonia_Fraser" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Antonia_Fraser" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&oldid=1275385144" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Antonia_Fraser&id=1275385144&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAntonia_Fraser"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAntonia_Fraser"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Antonia_Fraser&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Antonia_Fraser" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q242796" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British author and novelist (born 1932)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Lady Antonia Fraser</div><br /><div class="honorific-suffix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Companion_of_Honour" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of Honour">CH</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Dame_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire">DBE</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature">FRSL</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonia_Fraser.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fraser in 2010"><img alt="Fraser in 2010" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Antonia_Fraser.jpg/220px-Antonia_Fraser.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Antonia_Fraser.jpg/330px-Antonia_Fraser.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Antonia_Fraser.jpg/440px-Antonia_Fraser.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">Fraser in 2010</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Antonia Margaret Caroline Pakenham<br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1932-08-27</span>) </span>27 August 1932<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 92)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Lady_Margaret_Hall,_Oxford" title="Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford">Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;">Biography, <a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">detective fiction</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">1969–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Fraser_(British_politician)" title="Hugh Fraser (British politician)">Hugh Fraser</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1956; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1977)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1980; died 2008)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Children</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">6, including <a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Fraser" title="Rebecca Fraser">Rebecca Fraser</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flora_Fraser_(writer)" title="Flora Fraser (writer)">Flora Fraser</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pakenham,_7th_Earl_of_Longford" title="Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford">The 7th Earl of Longford</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Pakenham,_Countess_of_Longford" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth Pakenham, Countess of Longford">Elizabeth Harman</a> (mother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonia_fraser_bbc_radio4_desert_island_discs_27_07_2008_b00cq31h.flac" title="File:Antonia fraser bbc radio4 desert island discs 27 07 2008 b00cq31h.flac">Antonia Fraser's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="40" data-mwtitle="Antonia_fraser_bbc_radio4_desert_island_discs_27_07_2008_b00cq31h.flac" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bb/Antonia_fraser_bbc_radio4_desert_island_discs_27_07_2008_b00cq31h.flac/Antonia_fraser_bbc_radio4_desert_island_discs_27_07_2008_b00cq31h.flac.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bb/Antonia_fraser_bbc_radio4_desert_island_discs_27_07_2008_b00cq31h.flac/Antonia_fraser_bbc_radio4_desert_island_discs_27_07_2008_b00cq31h.flac.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Antonia_fraser_bbc_radio4_desert_island_discs_27_07_2008_b00cq31h.flac" type="audio/flac" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">from the BBC programme <i><a href="/wiki/Desert_Island_Discs" title="Desert Island Discs">Desert Island Discs</a></i>, 27 July 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lady Antonia Margaret Caroline Fraser</b>, <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Companion_of_Honour" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of Honour">CH</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Dame_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire">DBE</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature">FRSL</a></span></span> (<span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a> <b>Pakenham</b></span>; born 27 August 1932) is a British author of history, novels, <a href="/wiki/Biography" title="Biography">biographies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">detective fiction</a>. She is the widow of the 2005 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Laureate in Literature</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a> (1930–2008), and prior to his death was also known as <b>Lady Antonia Pinter</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gussow_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gussow-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fraserstudy_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fraserstudy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Orionbio_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orionbio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family_background_and_education">Family background and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Family background and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fraser is the first-born of the eight children of <a href="/wiki/Frank_Pakenham,_7th_Earl_of_Longford" title="Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford">The 7th Earl of Longford</a> (1905–2001) and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Pakenham,_Countess_of_Longford" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth Pakenham, Countess of Longford">Elizabeth, Countess of Longford</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Née">née</a></i> Elizabeth Harman (1906–2002). As the daughter of an <a href="/wiki/Earl" title="Earl">earl</a>, she is accorded the <a href="/wiki/Courtesy_titles_in_the_United_Kingdom#Courtesy_prefix_of_"Lady"" title="Courtesy titles in the United Kingdom">courtesy title "Lady"</a> and thus customarily addressed formally as "Lady Antonia".<sup id="cite_ref-Gussow_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gussow-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a teenager,<sup id="cite_ref-Dougary_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dougary-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> she and her siblings converted to <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a>, following the conversions of their parents.<sup id="cite_ref-Gussow_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gussow-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Snowman_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snowman-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her "maternal grandparents were <a href="/wiki/Unitarianism" title="Unitarianism">Unitarians</a> – a non-conformist faith with a strong emphasis on social reform". In response to criticism of her writing about <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a>, she has said, "I have no Catholic blood". Before his own conversion in his thirties following a nervous breakdown in the Army, as she explains: "My father was <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Protestant Church of Ireland</a>, and my mother was Unitarian up to the age of 20 when she abandoned it."<sup id="cite_ref-Dougary_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dougary-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She was educated at the <a href="/wiki/Dragon_School" title="Dragon School">Dragon School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Gussow_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gussow-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Q&A1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Q&A1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_School,_Ascot" class="mw-redirect" title="St Mary's School, Ascot">St Mary's School, Ascot</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lady_Margaret_Hall,_Oxford" title="Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford">Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford</a>; the last was also her mother's alma mater.<sup id="cite_ref-Dougary_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dougary-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wroe_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wroe-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LMHAlum_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LMHAlum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to going to Oxford in 1950, she was a <a href="/wiki/Debutante" title="Debutante">debutante</a> in the London <a href="/wiki/Social_season_(United_Kingdom)" title="Social season (United Kingdom)">social season</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fraser began work as an "all-purpose assistant" for <a href="/wiki/George_Weidenfeld" class="mw-redirect" title="George Weidenfeld">George Weidenfeld</a> at <a href="/wiki/Weidenfeld_%26_Nicolson" title="Weidenfeld & Nicolson">Weidenfeld & Nicolson</a> (her "only job"), which later became her own publisher and part of <a href="/wiki/Orion_Publishing_Group" title="Orion Publishing Group">Orion Publishing Group</a>, which publishes her works in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-Gussow_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gussow-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Q&A_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Q&A-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her first major work, published by Weidenfeld & Nicolson, was <i><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots_(1969_book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary, Queen of Scots (1969 book)">Mary, Queen of Scots</a></i> (1969), which was followed by several other biographies, including <i>Cromwell, Our Chief of Men</i> (1973).<sup id="cite_ref-Orionbio_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orionbio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Orion_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orion-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fraser won the <a href="/wiki/Wolfson_History_Prize" title="Wolfson History Prize">Wolfson History Award</a> in 1984 for <i>The Weaker Vessel</i>, a study of women's lives in 17th-century England.<sup id="cite_ref-Orion_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orion-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1988 to 1989, she was president of English <a href="/wiki/International_PEN" class="mw-redirect" title="International PEN">PEN</a>, and she chaired its Writers in Prison Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She also has written <a href="/wiki/Detective_novel" class="mw-redirect" title="Detective novel">detective novels</a>, the most popular involving a character named <a href="/wiki/Jemima_Shore" title="Jemima Shore">Jemima Shore</a>, and they were adapted into the television series <i><a href="/wiki/Jemima_Shore_Investigates" title="Jemima Shore Investigates">Jemima Shore Investigates</a></i>, which aired in the UK in 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-Wroe_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wroe-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fraser acknowledges she is "less interested in ideas than in 'the people who led nations' and so on. I don't think I could ever have written a history of political thought or anything like that. I'd have to come at it another way."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fraser's study, <i>The Warrior Queens</i> (1989), is an account of military royal women since the days of <a href="/wiki/Boadicea" class="mw-redirect" title="Boadicea">Boadicea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_VII_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleopatra VII of Egypt">Cleopatra</a>. In 1992, a year after <a href="/wiki/Alison_Weir_(historian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alison Weir (historian)">Alison Weir</a>'s book <i>The Six Wives of Henry VIII</i>, she published a book with the same title. </p><p>She chronicled the life and times of <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II</a> in a well-reviewed 1979 eponymous biography.<sup id="cite_ref-Orion_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orion-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The book was cited as an influence on the 2003 <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>/<a href="/wiki/A%26E_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="A&E Network">A&E</a> mini-series, <i>Charles II: The Power & the Passion</i>, in a featurette on the DVD, by <a href="/wiki/Rufus_Sewell" title="Rufus Sewell">Rufus Sewell</a> who played the title character.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fraser served as editor for many monarchical biographies, including those featured in the <i>Kings and Queens of England</i> and <i>Royal History of England</i> series, and, in 1996, she also published a book entitled <i>The <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder_Plot" title="Gunpowder Plot">Gunpowder Plot</a>: Terror and Faith in 1605</i>, which won both the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Literary_Award" title="St. Louis Literary Award">St. Louis Literary Award</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Crime_Writers%27_Association" title="Crime Writers' Association">Crime Writers' Association</a> (CWA) Non-Fiction <a href="/wiki/Gold_Dagger" title="Gold Dagger">Gold Dagger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Orion_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orion-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AFdotcom_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFdotcom-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her biography, <i><a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette:_The_Journey" title="Marie Antoinette: The Journey">Marie Antoinette: The Journey</a></i> (2001, 2002), was adapted for the film <i><a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette_(2006_film)" title="Marie Antoinette (2006 film)">Marie Antoinette</a></i> (2006), directed by <a href="/wiki/Sofia_Coppola" title="Sofia Coppola">Sofia Coppola</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Dunst" title="Kirsten Dunst">Kirsten Dunst</a> in the title role, and <i>Love and <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a>: The Women in the Life of the Sun King</i> (2006).<sup id="cite_ref-FraserSofia_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FraserSofia-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She contemplated a biography of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Queen Elizabeth I</a>, but shelved the idea as this subject has already been extensively covered.<sup id="cite_ref-Orionbio_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orionbio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Related_experience">Related experience</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Related experience"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fraser was a contestant on the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> <a href="/wiki/Panel_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Panel game">panel game</a> <i><a href="/wiki/My_Word!" title="My Word!">My Word!</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-MyWord_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MyWord-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from 1979 to 1990. </p><p>From 1983 to 1984, she was president of <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Sir Walter Scott Club</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WSCbio_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSCbio-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She serves as a judge for the Enid McLeod Literary Prize, awarded by the Franco-British Society, previously winning that prize for her biography <i><a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette:_The_Journey" title="Marie Antoinette: The Journey">Marie Antoinette</a></i> (2001).<sup id="cite_ref-FBS_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FBS-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Danchev_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Danchev-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fraser is a vice-president of the <a href="/wiki/London_Library" title="London Library">London Library</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memoir">Memoir</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Memoir"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fraser's memoir <i>Must You Go? My Life with Harold Pinter</i> was published in January 2010 and she read a shortened version as BBC Radio Four's <i>Book of the Week</i> that month.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marriages_and_later_life">Marriages and later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Marriages and later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1956 until their divorce in 1977, she was married to <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Fraser_(British_politician)" title="Hugh Fraser (British politician)">Sir Hugh Fraser</a> (1918–1984), a descendant of Scottish aristocracy 14 years her senior and a Roman Catholic <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Unionist</a> MP in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> (sitting for <a href="/wiki/Stafford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Stafford (UK Parliament constituency)">Stafford</a>), who was a friend of the American <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">Kennedy family</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had six children: three sons, Benjamin (1961), Damian (1964), and Orlando (1967); and three daughters, <a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Fraser" title="Rebecca Fraser">Rebecca Fraser</a> (1957), wife of barrister <a href="/wiki/Edward_Fitzgerald_(barrister)" title="Edward Fitzgerald (barrister)">Edward Fitzgerald, KC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flora_Fraser_(writer)" title="Flora Fraser (writer)">Flora Fraser</a> (1958) and Natasha Fraser-Cavassoni (1963). All three daughters are writers and biographers.<sup id="cite_ref-Wroe_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wroe-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Benjamin Fraser works for <a href="/wiki/JPMorgan_Chase" title="JPMorgan Chase">JPMorgan</a>, Damian Fraser is the managing director of the investment banking firm <a href="/wiki/UBS" title="UBS">UBS AG (formerly S. G. Warburg)</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, and Orlando Fraser is a <a href="/wiki/Barrister" title="Barrister">barrister</a> specialising in <a href="/wiki/Commercial_law" title="Commercial law">commercial law</a> (Wroe).<sup id="cite_ref-Wroe_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wroe-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Antonia Fraser has 18 grandchildren.<sup id="cite_ref-Orionbio_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orionbio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 October 1975, Hugh and Antonia Fraser, together with <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Kennedy" title="Caroline Kennedy">Caroline Kennedy</a>, who was visiting them at their <a href="/wiki/Holland_Park" title="Holland Park">Holland Park</a> home, in <a href="/wiki/Kensington" title="Kensington">Kensington</a>, west <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, were almost blown up by an <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">IRA</a> car bomb placed under the wheels of his Jaguar, which had been triggered to go off at 9 am when he left the house; the bomb exploded, killing the <a href="/wiki/Oncology" title="Oncology">cancer researcher</a> <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Hamilton_Fairley" title="Gordon Hamilton Fairley">Gordon Hamilton Fairley</a>. Fairley, a neighbour of the Frasers, had been walking his dog, when he noticed something amiss and stopped to examine the bomb.<sup id="cite_ref-Dougary_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dougary-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-timeline_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timeline-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> In 1975, she began an affair with playwright <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a>, who was then married to the actress <a href="/wiki/Vivien_Merchant" title="Vivien Merchant">Vivien Merchant</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gussow_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gussow-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wroe_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wroe-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1977, after she had been living with Pinter for two years, the Frasers' union was legally dissolved.<sup id="cite_ref-Gussow_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gussow-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wroe_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wroe-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Merchant spoke about her distress publicly to the press, which quoted her cutting remarks about her rival, but she resisted divorcing Pinter.<sup id="cite_ref-Gussow_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gussow-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wroe_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wroe-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1980, after Merchant signed divorce papers, Fraser and Pinter married.<sup id="cite_ref-Gussow_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gussow-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dougary_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dougary-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wroe_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wroe-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fraser and Pinter were married by a Jesuit priest, Fr. Michael Campbell-Johnson, in the Roman Catholic Church.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harold Pinter died from cancer on 24 December 2008, aged 78.<sup id="cite_ref-Orionbio_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orionbio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style></p><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter#Marriages_and_family_life" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter § Marriages and family life</a></div> <p>Fraser lives at Campden Hill Square,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the London district of <a href="/wiki/Holland_Park" title="Holland Park">Holland Park</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Borough_of_Kensington_and_Chelsea" title="Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea">Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea</a>, south of <a href="/wiki/Notting_Hill_Gate" title="Notting Hill Gate">Notting Hill Gate</a>, in the Fraser family home, where she still writes in her fourth-floor study.<sup id="cite_ref-Gussow_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gussow-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fraserstudy_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fraserstudy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FraserSofia_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FraserSofia-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fraser is a vice-president of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Stuart_Society" title="Royal Stuart Society">Royal Stuart Society</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fraser was appointed <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">Commander of the Order of the British Empire</a> (CBE) in the <a href="/wiki/1999_Birthday_Honours" title="1999 Birthday Honours">1999 Birthday Honours</a> and promoted to Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the <a href="/wiki/2011_New_Year_Honours" title="2011 New Year Honours">2011 New Year Honours</a> for services to literature.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was appointed a Member of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Companions_of_Honour" title="Order of the Companions of Honour">Order of the Companions of Honour</a> (CH) in the <a href="/wiki/2018_New_Year_Honours" title="2018 New Year Honours">2018 New Year Honours</a> for services to literature. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Lady_Antonia_Fraser_Archive_in_the_British_Library">The Lady Antonia Fraser Archive in the British Library</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The Lady Antonia Fraser Archive in the British Library"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter_Archive" title="Harold Pinter Archive">Harold Pinter Archive</a></div> <p>Lady Antonia Fraser's uncatalogued papers (relating to her "Early Writing", "Fiction", and "Non-Fiction") are on loan at the <a href="/wiki/British_Library" title="British Library">British Library</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Archive110B_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Archive110B-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Papers by and relating to Lady Antonia Fraser are also catalogued as part of the Harold Pinter Archive, which is part of its permanent collection of Additional Manuscripts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Tait_Black_Memorial_Prize" title="James Tait Black Memorial Prize">James Tait Black Memorial Prize</a> (1969), for her book <i><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots_(1969_book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary, Queen of Scots (1969 book)">Mary, Queen of Scots</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Orion_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orion-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfson_History_Prize" title="Wolfson History Prize">Wolfson History Prize</a> (1984), for her book <i>The Weaker Vessel</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Orion_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orion-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_Writers%27_Association" title="Crime Writers' Association">Crime Writers' Association</a> Macallan <a href="/wiki/Gold_Dagger" title="Gold Dagger">Gold Dagger</a> for Non-Fiction (1996), for her book <i>The Gunpowder Plot</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Orion_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orion-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CWA_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CWA-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Literary_Award" title="St. Louis Literary Award">St. Louis Literary Award</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_University" title="Saint Louis University">Saint Louis University</a> Library Associates.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Association" title="Historical Association">Historical Association</a> <a href="/wiki/Norton_Medlicott_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Norton Medlicott Medal">Norton Medlicott Medal</a> (2000).<sup id="cite_ref-Orion_12-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orion-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Enid McLeod Literary Prize (2001), from the Franco-British Society, for <i><a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette:_The_Journey" title="Marie Antoinette: The Journey">Marie Antoinette</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Danchev_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Danchev-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EMLP_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EMLP-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><sup id="cite_ref-Orion_12-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orion-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style></p><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2014</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-fiction_works">Non-fiction works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Non-fiction works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mary_Queen_of_Scots_(1969_book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Queen of Scots (1969 book)">Mary Queen of Scots</a></i> (1969). <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-31129-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-31129-X">0-385-31129-X</a>. <ul><li>Reissued, Phoenix paperback, 2001; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84212-446-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84212-446-8">978-1-84212-446-8</a>.</li> <li>40th-anniversary edition, reissued Orion paperback, 7 May 2009; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7538-2654-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7538-2654-6">978-0-7538-2654-6</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><i>Dolls</i> (1963)</li> <li><i>A History of Toys</i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cromwell,_Our_Chief_of_Men" title="Cromwell, Our Chief of Men">Cromwell, Our Chief of Men</a></i> (1973); <ul><li>Also published as <i>Cromwell: The Lord Protector</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8021-3766-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8021-3766-0">0-8021-3766-0</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><i>King James VI and I</i> (1974)</li> <li><i>The Lives of the Kings and Queens of England</i> (1975) [editor]</li> <li><i>King Charles II</i> (1979) <ul><li>Also published as <i>Royal Charles: Charles II and the Restoration</i> and <i>Charles II</i>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7538-1403-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7538-1403-X">0-7538-1403-X</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><i>Heroes and Heroines</i> (1980)</li> <li><i>The Weaker Vessel: Woman's Lot in Seventeenth-century England</i> (1984)</li> <li><i>The Warrior Queens: Boadicea's Chariot</i> (1988), Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London. <ul><li>Also published as <i>Warrior Queens: The Legends and Lives of Women Who have led Their Nations in War</i>.</li></ul></li> <li><i>The Six Wives of Henry VIII</i> (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1996); Orion, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-297-64355-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-297-64355-5">978-0-297-64355-5</a>. <ul><li>Rpt. & updated edition, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2007.</li> <li>Also published as the Orion audio-book <i>The Six Wives of Henry VIII</i> (November 2006); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7528-8913-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7528-8913-3">0-7528-8913-3</a>.</li> <li>The first paperback edition is <i>The Six Wives of Henry VIII</i> (London: Mandarin, 1993); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7493-1409-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7493-1409-5">978-0-7493-1409-5</a>.</li> <li>The 1st American edition is entitled <i>The Wives of Henry VIII</i>. New York: Knopf, 1992; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-394-58538-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-394-58538-3">978-0-394-58538-3</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gunpowder_Plot:_Terror_and_Faith_in_1605" title="The Gunpowder Plot: Terror and Faith in 1605">The Gunpowder Plot: Terror and Faith in 1605</a></i> (1996) <ul><li>Also published as <i>Faith and Treason: The Gunpowder Plot</i>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-47189-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-47189-0">0-385-47189-0</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><i>Marie Antoinette</i> (2001); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-48949-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-48949-8">0-385-48949-8</a> <ul><li>Also published with the subtitle <i><a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette:_The_Journey" title="Marie Antoinette: The Journey">Marie Antoinette: The Journey</a></i>, (2002); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7538-2140-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7538-2140-4">978-0-7538-2140-4</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><i>Love and Louis XIV: The Women in the Life of the Sun King</i> (2006); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-297-82997-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-297-82997-1">0-297-82997-1</a>.</li> <li><i>Must You Go? My Life with Harold Pinter</i> (2010), London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson (Orion Books); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-297-85971-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-297-85971-0">978-0-297-85971-0</a>. <ul><li>1st U.S. edition, New York: Nan A. Talese/Doubleday; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-53250-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-53250-1">978-0-385-53250-1</a>.</li> <li>1st paperback edition London: Phoenix, 2010; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7538-2758-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7538-2758-1">978-0-7538-2758-1</a></li> <li>Also published in audio & digital editions) - "Shortlisted for Galaxy National Book Awards: Non-Fiction Book of the Year 2010."<sup id="cite_ref-GalaxyShortList_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GalaxyShortList-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>Perilous Question: The Drama of the Great Reform Bill 1832</i> (2013); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7538-2922-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7538-2922-6">978-0-7538-2922-6</a></li> <li><i>My History. A Memoir of Growing Up</i> (2015), New York:  <a href="/wiki/Doubleday_(publisher)" title="Doubleday (publisher)">Doubleday</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-3855-4010-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-3855-4010-0">978-0-3855-4010-0</a></li> <li><i>Our Israeli Diary: Of That Time, Of That Place</i> (2017); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-7860-7153-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-7860-7153-8">978-1-7860-7153-8</a></li> <li><i>The King and the Catholics: The Fight for Rights, 1829</i> (2018); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4746-0193-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4746-0193-1">978-1-4746-0193-1</a></li> <li><i>The Case of the Married Woman: Caroline Norton: A 19th Century Heroine Who Wanted Justice for Women</i> (2021); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4746-2405-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4746-2405-3">978-1-4746-2405-3</a></li> <li><i>Caroline Lamb: A Free Spirit</i> (2023); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-6393-6405-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-6393-6405-3">978-1-6393-6405-3</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_fiction">Historical fiction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Historical fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table</i> (1954)</li> <li><i>Robin Hood</i> (1955)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jemima_Shore_novels">Jemima Shore novels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Jemima Shore novels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Quiet as a Nun</i> (1977)</li> <li><i>The Wild Island</i> (1978). Also published as <i>Tartan Tragedy</i>.</li> <li><i>A Splash of Red</i> (1981)</li> <li><i>Cool Repentance</i> (1982)</li> <li><i>Oxford Blood</i> (1985)</li> <li><i>Jemima Shore's First Case</i> (1986)</li> <li><i>Your Royal Hostage</i> (1987)</li> <li><i>The Cavalier Case</i> (1990)</li> <li><i>Jemima Shore at the Sunny Grave</i> (1991)</li> <li><i>Political Death</i> (1995)</li> <li><i>Quiet as a Nun / Tartan Tragedy / Splash of Red</i> (omnibus) (2005)</li> <li><i>Jemima Shore on the Case</i> (omnibus) (2006)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Editor">Editor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Editor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Scottish Love Poems</i> (1975)</li> <li><i>The Lives of the Kings and Queens of England</i> (1975)</li> <li><i>Love Letters</i> (1976)</li> <li><i>The Pleasure of Reading</i> (1992)</li> <li><i>A Red Rose or A Satin Heart</i> (2010)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Longford" title="Earl of Longford">Earl of Longford</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00cq31h">"Antonia Fraser"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Desert_Island_Discs" title="Desert Island Discs">Desert Island Discs</a></i>. 27 July 2008. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Desert+Island+Discs&rft.date=2008-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fb00cq31h&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonia+Fraser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gussow-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gussow_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gussow_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gussow_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gussow_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gussow_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gussow_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gussow_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gussow_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gussow_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gussow_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Gussow" title="Mel Gussow">Mel Gussow</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1984/09/09/magazine/antonia-fraser-the-lady-is-a-writer.html?sec=health&pagewanted=7">"The Lady Is a Writer"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazine" title="The New York Times Magazine">The New York Times Magazine</a></i>, 9 September 1984, Sec. 6, Health: 60, col. 2. Print. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Company" title="The New York Times Company">The New York Times Company</a>, 9 September 1984; retrieved 8 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fraserstudy-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fraserstudy_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fraserstudy_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Antonia Fraser, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.guardian.co.uk/graphic/0,,2035929,00.html">"Writer's Rooms: Antonia Fraser"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">Guardian</a></i>, Culture: Books, <a href="/wiki/Guardian_Media_Group" title="Guardian Media Group">Guardian Media Group</a>, 13 June 2008; retrieved 8 April 2009. (Includes photograph of Antonia Fraser's study.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Orionbio-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Orionbio_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orionbio_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orionbio_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orionbio_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orionbio_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orionbooks.co.uk/8238-5/Author-Antonia-Fraser.htm">"Non-Fiction: Author: Antonia Fraser"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121120171151/http://www.orionbooks.co.uk/8238-5/Author-Antonia-Fraser.htm">Archived</a> 20 November 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Orion Books, 2004–2007 [updated 2009]; retrieved 9 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dougary-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dougary_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dougary_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dougary_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dougary_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dougary_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ginny Dougary, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081015190149/http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/article4241665.ece">"Lady Antonia Fraser's Life Less Ordinary"</a><br /> "In a Frank Interview, the Famed Writer Talks about Motherhood, Catholicism, Her Parents and Soulmate <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/News_Corporation_(1980%E2%80%932013)" class="mw-redirect" title="News Corporation (1980–2013)">News Corporation</a>, 5 July 2008, 9 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Snowman-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Snowman_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Daniel Snowman, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historytoday.com/MainArticle.aspx?m=11011&amid=11011">"Lady Antonia Fraser"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/History_Today" title="History Today">History Today</a></i> 50.10 (October 2000): pp. 26–28, <i>History Today</i>, n.d., 8 April 2009 (excerpt; full article available to subscribers or pay-per-view customers).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Q&A1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Q&A1_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orionbooks.co.uk/QandA.aspx?id=8238&catID=0">"Non-Fiction: Antonia Fraser: Author Q&A"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927011844/http://www.orionbooks.co.uk/QandA.aspx?id=8238&catID=0">Archived</a> 27 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Orion Books</i>, 2004–2007 [updated 2009]; retrieved 9 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wroe-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wroe_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wroe_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wroe_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wroe_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wroe_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wroe_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wroe_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wroe_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nicholas Wroe, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://education.guardian.co.uk/higher/artsandhumanities/story/0,12241,779817,00.html">"Profile: The History Woman"</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, Arts & Humanities, 24 August 2002; retrieved 8 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LMHAlum-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LMHAlum_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alumni.ox.ac.uk/featured_alumni/antonia_fraser.html">"Featured Alumni: Antonia Fraser: Author, Lady Margaret Hall"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100109133848/http://www.alumni.ox.ac.uk/featured_alumni/antonia_fraser.html">Archived</a> 9 January 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>University of Oxford Alumni</i>, University of Oxford, 29 October 2007. Retrieved 17 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarmali2015" class="citation web cs1">Karmali, Sarah (11 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/culture/staying-in/news/a33050/strictly-ballgown-antonia-fraser-remembers-her-debutante-days/">"Strictly Ballgown: Antonia Fraser remembers her debutante days"</a>. <i>Harpers Bazaar</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Harpers+Bazaar&rft.atitle=Strictly+Ballgown%3A+Antonia+Fraser+remembers+her+debutante+days&rft.date=2015-01-11&rft.aulast=Karmali&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.harpersbazaar.com%2Fuk%2Fculture%2Fstaying-in%2Fnews%2Fa33050%2Fstrictly-ballgown-antonia-fraser-remembers-her-debutante-days%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonia+Fraser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Q&A-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Q&A_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Antonia Fraser, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orionbooks.co.uk/QandA.aspx?id=8238&catID=0">"Antonia Fraser: Author Q&A"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927011844/http://www.orionbooks.co.uk/QandA.aspx?id=8238&catID=0">Archived</a> 27 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Orion Books, 2004–2007 [updated 2009]. Retrieved 9 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Orion-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Orion_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orion_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orion_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orion_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orion_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orion_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orion_12-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orion_12-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orion_12-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antoniafraser.com/history_books.aspx">"History Books by Antonia Fraser"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090308010510/http://www.antoniafraser.com/history_books.aspx">Archived</a> 8 March 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antoniafraser.com/other_books.aspx">"Other Books by Antonia Fraser"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090607024805/http://www.antoniafraser.com/other_books.aspx">Archived</a> 7 June 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at <i>AntoniaFraser.com</i>, Antonia Fraser, 2007; retrieved 9 April 2009; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orionbooks.co.uk/8238-5/Author-Antonia-Fraser.htm">"Author: Antonia Fraser: Non-Fiction"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121120171151/http://www.orionbooks.co.uk/8238-5/Author-Antonia-Fraser.htm">Archived</a> 20 November 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Orion Books</i>, 2004–2007 [updated 2009], 9 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180228163802/https://www.englishpen.org/about/trustees/">"Board of Trustees"</a>. <i>English PEN</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.englishpen.org/about/trustees/">the original</a> on 28 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=English+PEN&rft.atitle=Board+of+Trustees&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.englishpen.org%2Fabout%2Ftrustees%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonia+Fraser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWroe2002" class="citation news cs1">Wroe, Nicholas (23 August 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2002/aug/24/biography.academicexperts">"The History Woman"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+History+Woman&rft.date=2002-08-23&rft.aulast=Wroe&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2002%2Faug%2F24%2Fbiography.academicexperts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonia+Fraser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/Charles-II-Power-Passion-DVD/dp/B0000D9Y62">"Charles II: The Power and the Passion"</a>, <i>BBC</i>, 16 February 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Charles+II%3A+The+Power+and+the+Passion&rft.date=2004-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.co.uk%2FCharles-II-Power-Passion-DVD%2Fdp%2FB0000D9Y62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonia+Fraser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AFdotcom-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AFdotcom_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Antonia Fraser, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antoniafraser.com/gunpowder.aspx"><i>The Gunpowder Plot</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080407215736/http://www.antoniafraser.com/gunpowder.aspx">Archived</a> 7 April 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 2007, Antonia Fraser website; retrieved 13 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FraserSofia-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FraserSofia_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FraserSofia_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Antonia Fraser, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2006/11/fraser200611">"Sofia's Choice"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a></i>, November 2006, <a href="/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Condé Nast Publications">Condé Nast Publications</a>; retrieved 9 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2009/jun/09/antonia-fraser-harold-pinter-love-story">"Antonia Fraser to tell Harold Pinter 'love story'</a>. Historical biographer will publish her 'portrait of a marriage' to the Nobel laureate in January 2010", <i>The Guardian</i>, 9 June 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2009. [There is a factual error in this account; the Pinter-Merchant marriage was not dissolved in 1977, as stated, but in 1980, shortly before Pinter and Fraser married; Merchant's delay in signing the divorce papers resulted in the reception (scheduled for Pinter's 50th birthday on 10 October 1980) being held before the wedding, which occurred two weeks later, according to <a href="/wiki/Michael_Billington_(critic)" title="Michael Billington (critic)">Michael Billington</a>'s authorised biography of Pinter (<i>Harold Pinter</i>, pp. 271–72). It was the Frasers' marital union that was dissolved in 1977.]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MyWord-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MyWord_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Cf." title="Cf.">Cf.</a> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/comedy/myword/">My Word!</a></i>, BBC Radio 4, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, 9 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WSCbio-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WSCbio_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eswsc.com/Presidents/President1983.htm">"Our President in 1983/84 was: Lady Antonia Fraser"</a>, biography, <i><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> Sir <a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Walter Scott</a> Club</i>, n.d. Retrieved 8 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FBS-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FBS_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.francobritishsociety.org.uk/benefits.html">"Benefits"</a>, Franco-British Society, 2008. Retrieved 9 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Danchev-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Danchev_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Danchev_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Alex Danchev, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storyCode=208075&sectioncode=22">"They Remember, But Others Forget"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_Supplement" class="mw-redirect" title="Times Higher Education Supplement">Times Higher Education Supplement</a></i>, News Corporation, 2 March 2007. Retrieved 13 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.londonlibrary.co.uk/about-us/patron-president-trustees">"Patrons, Presidents and Trustees"</a>. <i>londonlibrary.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=londonlibrary.co.uk&rft.atitle=Patrons%2C+Presidents+and+Trustees&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.londonlibrary.co.uk%2Fabout-us%2Fpatron-president-trustees&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonia+Fraser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTObit-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/07/obituaries/sir-hugh-fraser-dead-long-a-tory-legislator.html">"Sir Hugh Fraser Dead; Long a Tory Legislator"</a>, Obituaries, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, 7 March 1984, 13 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoysey2008" class="citation book cs1">Moysey, Steven (2008). <i>The Road to Balcombe Street: The IRA Reign of Terror in London</i>. Haworth Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">109–</span>110. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7890-2913-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7890-2913-3"><bdi>978-0-7890-2913-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Road+to+Balcombe+Street%3A+The+IRA+Reign+of+Terror+in+London&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E109-%3C%2Fspan%3E110&rft.pub=Haworth+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7890-2913-3&rft.aulast=Moysey&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonia+Fraser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-timeline-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-timeline_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/t-z/year04.html">"Timeline: 1974–75: The Year London Blew Up"</a>, History, <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a>, 27 August 2007; retrieved 8 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Melanie McDonagh, "Mr. and Mrs. Pinter, At Home", <i>The Tablet</i>, 30 January 2010, p. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol37/pp87-100">"Campden Hill Square area Pages 87–100 <i>Survey of London</i>: Volume 37, Northern Kensington"</a>. <i>British History Online</i>. LCC 1973<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+History+Online&rft.atitle=Campden+Hill+Square+area+Pages+87%E2%80%93100+Survey+of+London%3A+Volume+37%2C+Northern+Kensington.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Fsurvey-london%2Fvol37%2Fpp87-100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonia+Fraser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette59647" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/59647/supplement/6">"No. 59647"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i> (Supplement). 31 December 2010. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+59647&rft.pages=6&rft.date=2010-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F59647%2Fsupplement%2F6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonia+Fraser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Archive110B-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Archive110B_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/manuscripts/HITS0001.ASP?VPath=arevhtml/62504.htm&Search='Antonia+Fraser'&Highlight=T">Loan No. 110B/1–19: Lady Antonia Fraser Archive</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111123062512/http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/manuscripts/HITS0001.ASP?VPath=arevhtml%2F62504.htm&Search=%27Antonia+Fraser%27&Highlight=T">Archived</a> 23 November 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, British Library Manuscripts Catalogue, British Library, 1993– , 8 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CWA-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CWA_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecwa.co.uk/daggers/index.html">"Gold Daggers"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120723043537/http://www.thecwa.co.uk/daggers/index.html">Archived</a> 23 July 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Crime Writers' Association, n.d., 13 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160823003924/http://www.slu.edu/libraries/associates/award.html">"Website of St. Louis Literary Award"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slu.edu/libraries/associates/award.html">the original</a> on 23 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Website+of+St.+Louis+Literary+Award&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slu.edu%2Flibraries%2Fassociates%2Faward.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonia+Fraser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaint_Louis_University_Library_Associates" class="citation web cs1">Saint Louis University Library Associates. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160731082313/http://lib.slu.edu/about/associates/literary-award">"Recipients of the Saint Louis Literary Award"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lib.slu.edu/about/associates/literary-award">the original</a> on 31 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Recipients+of+the+Saint+Louis+Literary+Award&rft.au=Saint+Louis+University+Library+Associates&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flib.slu.edu%2Fabout%2Fassociates%2Fliterary-award&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonia+Fraser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EMLP-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EMLP_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.booktrustdev.org.uk/info/prizes/prize/114">"Enid McLeod Literary Prize"</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, <i><a href="/wiki/Book_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Book Trust">Book Trust</a></i>, 2007. Retrieved 9 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GalaxyShortList-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GalaxyShortList_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.galaxynationalbookawards.com/prize_cat_nonfiction.asp?#Book5"><i>Must You Go?</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101121170021/http://www.galaxynationalbookawards.com/prize_cat_nonfiction.asp">Archived</a> 21 November 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Shortlist for Non-Fiction Book of The Year award category (Book 5), Galaxy National Book Awards, 2010. Retrieved 6 December 2010.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biographies_and_profiles">Biographies and profiles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Biographies and profiles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Gussow" title="Mel Gussow">Gussow, Mel</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1984/09/09/magazine/antonia-fraser-the-lady-is-a-writer.html?sec=health&pagewanted=7">"The Lady Is a Writer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazine" title="The New York Times Magazine">The New York Times Magazine</a></i>, 9 September 1984.</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eswsc.com/Presidents/1983.htm">Our President in 1983/84 was: Lady Antonia Fraser</a>" bio at Edinburgh Sir Walter Scott Club.</li> <li>Snowman, Daniel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historytoday.com/daniel-snowman/lady-antonia-fraser">"Lady Antonia Fraser"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/History_Today" title="History Today">History Today</a></i> 50.10 (October 2000): 26–28.</li> <li>Wroe, Nicholas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://education.guardian.co.uk/higher/artsandhumanities/story/0,12241,779817,00.html">"Profile: The History Woman"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Guardian.co.uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardian.co.uk">The Guardian</a></i>, 24 August 2002.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interviews_and_articles">Interviews and articles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Interviews and articles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Dougary, Ginny. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081015190149/http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/article4241665.ece">"Lady Antonia Fraser's Life Less Ordinary:</a> In a Frank Interview, the Famed Writer Talks about Motherhood, Catholicism, Her Parents and Soulmate <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>, 5 July 2008.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6469488">"Interviews: Antonia Fraser Peers into the Heart of Louis XIV"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Public_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="National Public Radio">National Public Radio</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Weekend_Edition" title="Weekend Edition">Weekend Edition</a> Saturday</i>, 11 November 2006.</li> <li>Leith, Sam. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120310064516/http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/culture/samleith/3680721/Literary_lazing/">"Literary Lazing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>, 10 July 2007.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nan_Talese" class="mw-redirect" title="Nan Talese">Talese, Nan A.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080905064140/http://www.randomhouse.com/nanatalese/exclusive/fraserinterview.html">Interview with Antonia Fraser</a>. <i>Random House Books</i>, 2001.</li> <li>Weinberg, Kate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/features/3635924/Culture-clinic-Lady-Antonia-Fraser.html">"Culture Clinic: Lady Antonia Fraser"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. 15 Mar. 2008.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071227073109/http://www.antoniafraser.com/">AntoniaFraser.com</a></i> – Official website of Antonia Fraser.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101026014044/http://www.orionbooks.co.uk/authors/fraser-antonia">"Antonia Fraser"</a> – Author webpage at <a href="/wiki/Orion_Publishing_Group" title="Orion Publishing Group">Orion Publishing Group</a> (UK publisher)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.randomhouse.com/author/results.pperl?authorid=9235">"Antonia Fraser"</a> – Author webpage at <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a> (US publisher)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.curtisbrown.co.uk/books/client/user942/">Antonia Fraser</a> – Client page at <a href="/wiki/Curtis_Brown_(literary_agents)" class="mw-redirect" title="Curtis Brown (literary agents)">Curtis Brown Literary and Talent Agency</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081228005706/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/factual/desertislanddiscs_20080727.shtml">"Antonia's Choice"</a> – In <i><a href="/wiki/Desert_Island_Discs" title="Desert Island Discs">Desert Island Discs</a></i> on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> (first broadcast 27 July 2008)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101128210602/http://www.galaxynationalbookawards.com/extracts2010/mustyougo.pdf"><i>Must You Go?</i> extract</a> – "First Night" (Chapter One), Galaxy National Book Awards (Phoenix edn)</li> <li>Translated Penguin Book – at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.penguinfirsteditions.com/index.php?cat=TranslatorsA-G">Penguin First Editions</a> reference site of early first edition Penguin Books.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Winners_of_the_Wolfson_History_Prize70" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wolfson_History_Prize_Winners" title="Template:Wolfson History Prize Winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wolfson_History_Prize_Winners" title="Template talk:Wolfson History Prize Winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wolfson_History_Prize_Winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wolfson History Prize Winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winners_of_the_Wolfson_History_Prize70" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Winners of the <a href="/wiki/Wolfson_History_Prize" title="Wolfson History Prize">Wolfson History Prize</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Howard_(historian)" title="Michael Howard (historian)">Michael Howard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Keith_Thomas_(historian)" title="Keith Thomas (historian)">Keith Thomas</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._L._Warren" title="W. L. Warren">W. L. Warren</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frances_Yates" title="Frances Yates">Frances Yates</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Finley" title="Moses Finley">Moses Finley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Zeldin" title="Theodore Zeldin">Theodore Zeldin</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Donaldson" title="Frances Donaldson">Frances Donaldson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Olwen_Hufton" title="Olwen Hufton">Olwen Hufton</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Pevsner" title="Nikolaus Pevsner">Nikolaus Pevsner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Norman_Stone" title="Norman Stone">Norman Stone</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Mack_Smith" title="Denis Mack Smith">Denis Mack Smith</a> / <a href="/wiki/Simon_Schama" title="Simon Schama">Simon Schama</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Horne" title="Alistair Horne">Alistair Horne</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Cobb" title="Richard Cobb">Richard Cobb</a> / <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Skinner" title="Quentin Skinner">Quentin Skinner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mary_Soames" title="Mary Soames">Mary Soames</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R._J._W._Evans" title="R. J. W. Evans">R. J. W. Evans</a> / <a href="/wiki/F._S._L._Lyons" title="F. S. L. Lyons">F. S. L. Lyons</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._W._Burrow" title="J. W. Burrow">J. W. Burrow</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McManners" title="John McManners">John McManners</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gilbert" title="Martin Gilbert">Martin Gilbert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Rose" title="Kenneth Rose">Kenneth Rose</a> (1983)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Antonia Fraser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Keen" title="Maurice Keen">Maurice Keen</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Davenport-Hines" title="Richard Davenport-Hines">Richard Davenport-Hines</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Grigg" title="John Grigg">John Grigg</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._H._Elliott" title="J. H. Elliott">J. H. Elliott</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Israel" title="Jonathan Israel">Jonathan Israel</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rees_Davies" title="Rees Davies">Rees Davies</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Pemble&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Pemble (page does not exist)">John Pemble</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfson_History_Prize#Notes" title="Wolfson History Prize"><i>no award</i></a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Evans" title="Richard J. Evans">Richard Evans</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kennedy" title="Paul Kennedy">Paul Kennedy</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_A._Fletcher" title="Richard A. Fletcher">Richard A. Fletcher</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donald_Cameron_Watt" title="Donald Cameron Watt">Donald Cameron Watt</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Platt" title="Colin Platt">Colin Platt</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bossy" title="John Bossy">John Bossy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alan_Bullock" title="Alan Bullock">Alan Bullock</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Colley" title="Linda Colley">Linda Colley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Skidelsky" title="Robert Skidelsky">Robert Skidelsky</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bartlett_(historian)" title="Robert Bartlett (historian)">Robert Bartlett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Harvey" title="Barbara Harvey">Barbara Harvey</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiona_MacCarthy" title="Fiona MacCarthy">Fiona MacCarthy</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_C._G._R%C3%B6hl" title="John C. G. Röhl">John C. G. Röhl</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Matthew" title="Colin Matthew">H. C. G. Matthew</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Figes" title="Orlando Figes">Orlando Figes</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Brewer_(historian)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Brewer (historian) (page does not exist)">John Brewer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Patricia_Hollis,_Baroness_Hollis_of_Heigham" title="Patricia Hollis, Baroness Hollis of Heigham">Patricia Hollis</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_Beevor" title="Antony Beevor">Antony Beevor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Amanda_Vickery" title="Amanda Vickery">Amanda Vickery</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joanna_Bourke" title="Joanna Bourke">Joanna Bourke</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Roberts,_Baron_Roberts_of_Belgravia" title="Andrew Roberts, Baron Roberts of Belgravia">Andrew Roberts</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Kershaw" title="Ian Kershaw">Ian Kershaw</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mark_Mazower" title="Mark Mazower">Mark Mazower</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roy_Porter" title="Roy Porter">Roy Porter</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Cunliffe" title="Barry Cunliffe">Barry Cunliffe</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jerry_White_(historian)" title="Jerry White (historian)">Jerry White</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Dalrymple" title="William Dalrymple">William Dalrymple</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Gildea" title="Robert Gildea">Robert Gildea</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Harris" title="Frances Harris">Frances Harris</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julian_Jackson_(historian)" title="Julian Jackson (historian)">Julian Jackson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Diarmaid_MacCulloch" title="Diarmaid MacCulloch">Diarmaid MacCulloch</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Overy" title="Richard Overy">Richard Overy</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Reynolds_(historian)" title="David Reynolds (historian)">David Reynolds</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Welch" title="Evelyn Welch">Evelyn Welch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Chris_Wickham" title="Chris Wickham">Chris Wickham</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Clark" title="Christopher Clark">Christopher Clark</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vic_Gatrell" title="Vic Gatrell">Vic Gatrell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adam_Tooze" title="Adam Tooze">Adam Tooze</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Darwin_(historian)" title="John Darwin (historian)">John Darwin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Hill" title="Rosemary Hill">Rosemary Hill</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Beard_(classicist)" title="Mary Beard (classicist)">Mary Beard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Margaret_M._McGowan" title="Margaret M. McGowan">Margaret M. McGowan</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Lieven" title="Dominic Lieven">Dominic Lieven</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Sumption,_Lord_Sumption" title="Jonathan Sumption, Lord Sumption">Jonathan Sumption</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Harris_(historian)" title="Ruth Harris (historian)">Ruth Harris</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Thomas_(anthropologist)" title="Nicholas Thomas (anthropologist)">Nicholas Thomas</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susie_Harries" title="Susie Harries">Susie Harries</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Walsham" title="Alexandra Walsham">Alexandra Walsham</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Brigden" title="Susan Brigden">Susan Brigden</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Duggan" title="Christopher Duggan">Christopher Duggan</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprian_Broodbank" title="Cyprian Broodbank">Cyprian Broodbank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Merridale" title="Catherine Merridale">Catherine Merridale</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Vinen" title="Richard Vinen">Richard Vinen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Watson_(historian)" title="Alexander Watson (historian)">Alexander Watson</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Lane_Fox" title="Robin Lane Fox">Robin Lane Fox</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Wachsmann" title="Nikolaus Wachsmann">Nikolaus Wachsmann</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_de_Hamel" title="Christopher de Hamel">Christopher de Hamel</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Marshall_(historian)" title="Peter Marshall (historian)">Peter Marshall</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Fulbrook" title="Mary Fulbrook">Mary Fulbrook</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Abulafia" title="David Abulafia">David Abulafia</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudhir_Hazareesingh" title="Sudhir Hazareesingh">Sudhir Hazareesingh</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Jackson" title="Clare Jackson">Clare Jackson</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halik_Kochanski" title="Halik Kochanski">Halik Kochanski</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Book_collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/21px-Book_collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/32px-Book_collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/42px-Book_collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="299" data-file-height="238" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Novels" title="Portal:Novels">Novels</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom" title="Portal:United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242796#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3543" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242796#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3543" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242796#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000114958699">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/97823463">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/38530/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJh4q67hF9Tx3YGRfPtFrq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/105646636">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79072964">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11903482v">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11903482v">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00440058">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Fraser, Antonia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV072808">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36538447">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19981001239&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX881501">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/459075">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068256485">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90171402">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Fraser, Antonia, 1932-"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000338102&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000075620&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC200611609">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/gdsw0ff034ldpxk">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810698970505606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007261368305171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14117391">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00570789?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/921819bf-a566-4e9b-acb7-17e8afae2615">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1280090">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/105646636.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/105646636">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026873710">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6d80fn6">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&oldid=1275385144">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&oldid=1275385144</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1932_births" title="Category:1932 births">1932 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pakenham_family" title="Category:Pakenham family">Pakenham family</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_biographers" title="Category:20th-century English biographers">20th-century English biographers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_historians" title="Category:20th-century English historians">20th-century English historians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_novelists" title="Category:20th-century English novelists">20th-century English novelists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_women_writers" title="Category:20th-century English women writers">20th-century English women writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_English_biographers" title="Category:21st-century English biographers">21st-century English biographers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_English_historians" title="Category:21st-century English historians">21st-century English historians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_English_memoirists" title="Category:21st-century English memoirists">21st-century English memoirists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_English_novelists" title="Category:21st-century English novelists">21st-century English novelists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_English_women_writers" title="Category:21st-century English women writers">21st-century English women writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Lady_Margaret_Hall,_Oxford" title="Category:Alumni of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford">Alumni of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_debutantes" title="Category:British debutantes">British debutantes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_women_biographers" title="Category:British women biographers">British women biographers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_women_historical_novelists" title="Category:British women historical novelists">British women historical novelists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_women_historians" title="Category:British women historians">British women historians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_women_mystery_writers" title="Category:British women mystery writers">British women mystery writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Converts_to_Roman_Catholicism" title="Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism">Converts to Roman Catholicism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dames_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Category:Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire">Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Daughters_of_Irish_earls" title="Category:Daughters of Irish earls">Daughters of Irish earls</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Daughters_of_life_peers" title="Category:Daughters of life peers">Daughters of life peers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_Roman_Catholics" title="Category:English Roman Catholics">English Roman Catholics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_women_novelists" title="Category:English women novelists">English women novelists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fellows_of_Lady_Margaret_Hall,_Oxford" title="Category:Fellows of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford">Fellows of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Literature" title="Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature">Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Harold_Pinter" title="Category:Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:James_Tait_Black_Memorial_Prize_recipients" title="Category:James Tait Black Memorial Prize recipients">James Tait Black Memorial Prize recipients</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Detection_Club" title="Category:Members of the Detection Club">Members of the Detection Club</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Order_of_the_Companions_of_Honour" title="Category:Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour">Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_St_Mary%27s_School,_Ascot" title="Category:People educated at St Mary's School, Ascot">People educated at St Mary's School, Ascot</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_The_Dragon_School" title="Category:People educated at The Dragon School">People educated at The Dragon School</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_the_English_Centre_of_PEN" title="Category:Presidents of the English Centre of PEN">Presidents of the English Centre of PEN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Royal_biographers" title="Category:Royal biographers">Royal biographers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tudor_historians" title="Category:Tudor historians">Tudor historians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wives_of_knights" title="Category:Wives of knights">Wives of knights</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Writers_from_London" title="Category:Writers from London">Writers from London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wolfson_History_Prize_winners" title="Category:Wolfson History Prize winners">Wolfson History Prize winners</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_containing_London_Gazette_template_with_parameter_supp_set_to_y" title="Category:Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y">Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_July_2017" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from July 2017">Articles with dead external links from July 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_October_2016" title="Category:Use British English from October 2016">Use British English from October 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_February_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from February 2020">Use dmy dates from February 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hAudio_microformats" title="Category:Articles with hAudio microformats">Articles with hAudio microformats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Incomplete_lists_from_July_2014" title="Category:Incomplete lists from July 2014">Incomplete lists from July 2014</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 12 February 2025, at 18:44<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antonia_Fraser&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Antonia Fraser</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>21 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-56d8db5f6f-lxswr","wgBackendResponseTime":123,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.891","walltime":"1.275","ppvisitednodes":{"value":9544,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":106166,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":13194,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":21,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":13,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":134141,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 993.859 1 -total"," 26.91% 267.484 1 Template:Infobox_writer"," 26.38% 262.225 1 Template:Infobox"," 22.75% 226.123 1 Template:Reflist"," 13.41% 133.304 22 Template:ISBN"," 9.08% 90.202 2 Template:Plainlist"," 8.51% 84.553 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.44% 83.885 22 Template:Catalog_lookup_link"," 8.37% 83.199 2 Template:Marriage"," 7.78% 77.291 1 Template:Wolfson_History_Prize_Winners"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.471","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":9504482,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n\"\"\ntable#1 {\n}\n\"\"\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-55c5ddbb74-qv6dp","timestamp":"20250212184415","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Antonia Fraser","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antonia_Fraser","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q242796","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q242796","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-10-26T10:23:33Z","dateModified":"2025-02-12T18:44:14Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c6\/Antonia_Fraser.jpg","headline":"British author and novelist"}</script> </body> </html>