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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія змены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:NewPages"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-Village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Random" title="Паказаць выпадковую старонку [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Выпадковая старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дзе можна атрымаць тлумачэнні."><span>Даведка</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Паведаміць пра памылку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпедыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be.svg" style="width: 7.625em; 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Меню ўдзельніка" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be"><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7+%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4+%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7+%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4+%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Біяграфія" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Біяграфія"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Біяграфія</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Біяграфія-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Навуковая_дзейнасць" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Навуковая_дзейнасць"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Навуковая дзейнасць</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Навуковая_дзейнасць-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Узнагароды" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Узнагароды"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Узнагароды</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Узнагароды-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Крыніцы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Крыніцы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Крыніцы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Крыніцы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Літаратура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Літаратура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Літаратура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Літаратура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Чарлз Хард Таўнс</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 74 мовах." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 мовы</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2" title="تشارلز تاونز – арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تشارلز تاونز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2" title="تشارلز تاونز – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تشارلز تاونز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2" title="چارلز هارد تاونز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="چارلز هارد تاونز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Чарлз Хард Таунс – балгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Чарлз Хард Таунс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="балгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B8" title="চার্লস হার্ড টাউনস – бенгальская" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চার্লস হার্ড টাউনস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – каталанская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%B5%D8%B2_%D8%A6%DB%8E%DA%86_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2" title="چارڵز ئێچ تاونز – цэнтральнакурдская" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="چارڵز ئێچ تاونز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="цэнтральнакурдская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – чэшская" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чэшская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – дацкая" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BB%CF%82_%CE%A7%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%A4%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%82" title="Τσαρλς Χαρντ Τάουνς – грэчаская" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τσαρλς Χαρντ Τάουνς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грэчаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes – англійская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Charles H. Townes" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – эсперанта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – іспанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="іспанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes – эстонская" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Charles Townes" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes – баскская" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Charles H. Townes" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2" title="چارلز هارد تاونز – фарсі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چارلز هارد تاونز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – фінская" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes – французская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Charles Townes" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – ірландская" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ірландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes – галісійская" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Charles Townes" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галісійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Charles H. Townes" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%27%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%A1_%D7%98%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A1" title="צ'ארלס טאונס – іўрыт" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צ'ארלס טאונס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="іўрыт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="चार्ल्स हार्ड टाउन्स – хіндзі" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चार्ल्स हार्ड टाउन्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хіндзі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – харвацкая" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="харвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes – гаіцянская крэольская" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Charles Townes" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаіцянская крэольская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%89%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AC%D5%A6_%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4_%D4%B9%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%BD" title="Չարլզ Հարդ Թաունս – армянская" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Չարլզ Հարդ Թաունս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes – інданезійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Charles H. Townes" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданезійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – іда" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="іда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BA%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BA" title="チャールズ・タウンズ – японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チャールズ・タウンズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%96_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="ჩარლზ ტაუნზი – грузінская" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჩარლზ ტაუნზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Чарлз Хард Таунс – казахская" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Чарлз Хард Таунс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B0%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%95%98%EB%93%9C_%ED%83%80%EC%9A%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="찰스 하드 타운스 – карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="찰스 하드 타운스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – курдская" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_Townes" title="Carolus Townes – лацінская" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carolus Townes" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="лацінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – люксембургская" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8C%C4%81rlzs_Taunss" title="Čārlzs Taunss – латышская" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Čārlzs Taunss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Чарлс Хард Таунс – македонская" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Чарлс Хард Таунс" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="चार्ल्स हार्ड टाउन्स – маратхі" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="चार्ल्स हार्ड टाउन्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes – малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Charles H. Townes" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2" title="چارلز هارد تاونز – мазандэранская" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="چارلز هارد تاونز" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандэранская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – ніжненямецкая" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ніжненямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D" title="चार्ल्स् एच् टाउन्स् – неўары" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="चार्ल्स् एच् टाउन्स्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неўары" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes – нідэрландская" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Charles Townes" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – нарвежская (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – нарвежская (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes – аксітанская" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Charles Townes" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="аксітанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%9A._%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC" title="ਚਾਰਲਸ ਐਚ. ਟਾਊਨਜ਼ – панджабі" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਚਾਰਲਸ ਐਚ. ਟਾਊਨਜ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджабі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes – польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Charles Townes" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B3_%D9%B9%D8%A7%D8%A4%D9%86%D8%B2" title="چارلس ٹاؤنز – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="چارلس ٹاؤنز" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – румынская" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81,_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Таунс, Чарлз Хард – руская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Таунс, Чарлз Хард" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D" title="चार्ल्स् एच् टाउन्स् – санскрыт" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="चार्ल्स् एच् टाउन्स्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрыт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes – шатландская" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Charles H. Townes" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шатландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – славацкая" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="славацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – славенская" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="славенская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Чарлс Хард Таунс – сербская" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Чарлс Хард Таунс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes – шведская" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Charles H. Townes" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes – суахілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Charles Townes" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D._%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D._%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="சார்லஸ். எச். டவ்ன்ஸ் – тамільская" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சார்லஸ். எச். டவ்ன்ஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes – турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Charles Townes" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Чарлз Һард Таунс – татарская" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Чарлз Һард Таунс" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Чарлз Гард Таунс – украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чарлз Гард Таунс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B3_%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%88_%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3" title="چارلس ہارڈ ٹاونس – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="چارلس ہارڈ ٹاونس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes – узбекская" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Charles H. Townes" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes – в’етнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Charles Townes" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="в’етнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%B1%A4%E6%96%AF" title="查尔斯·汤斯 – ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="查尔斯·汤斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%96_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ჩარლზ ტაუნსი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჩარლზ ტაუნსი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes – ёруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Charles Hard Townes" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ёруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%B1%A4%E6%96%AF" title="查尔斯·汤斯 – кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="查尔斯·汤斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Charles H. Townes" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q184566#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Паказаць уласна змест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Старонка</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B:%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Размовы пра змест гэтай старонкі (няма такой старонкі) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Змяніць моўны варыянт" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">беларуская</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Віды"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&action=history" title="Ранейшыя версіі гэтай старонкі. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Інструменты" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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<div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7+%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4+%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81"><span>Стварыць кнігу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&action=show-download-screen"><span>Спампаваць як PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&printable=yes" title="Друкавальная версія гэтай старонкі [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Для друку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> У іншых праектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Charles_Townes" hreflang="en"><span>Вікісховішча</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q184566" title="Спасылка на звязаны элемент рэпазітара даных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Элемент Вікіданых</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Выгляд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">З Вікіпедыі, свабоднай энцыклапедыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox-f6c0916a8f4b4ba1 vcard" style="width: 23em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-above fn" style="">Чарлз Хард Таўнс</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="nickname" style="text-align:center; font-style: normal"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$20c233a0-428b-7342-2872-3a4556384315" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P1559[LANGUAGE!:BE][LANGUAGE!:BE-X-OLD]"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Англійская мова">англ.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic;" lang="en">Charles H. Townes</span></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style=""> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$0BEDCCBB-6CF4-4722-B70A-837F24CCF0CD" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P18"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Charles_Hard_Townes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Charles_Hard_Townes.jpg" decoding="async" width="121" height="207" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="121" data-file-height="207" /></a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">Дата нараджэння</span></th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P569" class="no-wikidata"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q184566$F6936B63-9363-4119-919C-9B0D957C127A" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P569"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/28_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="28 ліпеня">28 ліпеня</a> <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a></span><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1915-07-28</span>)</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-_b2ee309a2ac54f84_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_b2ee309a2ac54f84-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_fdb7d7fb1c3ed0d1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_fdb7d7fb1c3ed0d1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184566#P569" class="extiw" title="d:Q184566">[…]</a></sup></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Месца нараджэння</th> <td class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q184566$4DAED6DC-045F-4228-BFDF-4E15EEC1A588" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P19"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB_(%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Грынвіл (Паўднёвая Караліна)">Грынвіл</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="iw" data-title="Грынвіл">Грынвіл<sup class="plainlinks noprint"><a class="external text" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502273?uselang=be">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Паўднёвая Караліна">Паўднёвая Караліна</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі">ЗША</a></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Дата смерці</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P570" class="no-wikidata"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$8689b1b3-4573-ada4-6efb-0a7f36962558" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P570"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/27_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="27 студзеня">27 студзеня</a> <a href="/wiki/2015" title="2015">2015</a></span><span style="display:none">(<span class="dday">2015-01-27</span>)</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-_b2ee309a2ac54f84_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_b2ee309a2ac54f84-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_fdb7d7fb1c3ed0d1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_fdb7d7fb1c3ed0d1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184566#P570" class="extiw" title="d:Q184566">[…]</a></sup> <span style="white-space:nowrap;">(99 гадоў)</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Месца смерці</th> <td class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$68a2b184-4fc3-0fae-793f-6e3e194cc889" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P20"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4_(%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Окленд (Каліфорнія)">Окленд</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0)" title="Аламіда (акруга)">акруга Аламіда</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Каліфорнія">Каліфорнія</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі">ЗША</a></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Грамадзянства</th> <td class="adr plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q184566$A2090D80-D671-42C0-ACF3-B1549183331A" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P27"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <span class="country-name"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі">ЗША</a></span></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Жонка</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$CA050E21-2F2E-4A4E-8FA3-9ECAB5CB43D6" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P26"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frances+Brow&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Frances Brow</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108709914" class="extiw" title="d:Q108709914">[d]</a></sup></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Род дзейнасці</th> <td class="note plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$058D57C3-FE14-4649-A68A-8508BA4E7004" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Фізік">фізік</a></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$3D2609B1-AB49-4170-9448-A1E2C83CF5E5" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Ядзерная фізіка">вучоны-ядзершчык</a></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$FF5048E9-A298-4F8B-92CC-2B856DBEA8E8" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622272" class="extiw" title="d:Q1622272">выкладчык універсітэта</a></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$FBE44163-0518-4223-B55F-BA965F616295" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Вынаходнік">вынаходнік</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Навуковая сфера</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$ECBF572E-BB7A-442A-AD79-5C2B0542E18E" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фізіка">фізіка</a></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Месца працы</th> <td class="org plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$06EAFA86-0A33-45A8-A065-78B151EA82D2" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P108"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Каліфарнійскі ўніверсітэт у Берклі">Каліфарнійскі ўніверсітэт у Берклі</a></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$2D04450A-1630-4CB9-9008-6F0392CA40C7" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P108"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Мічыганскі ўніверсітэт">Мічыганскі ўніверсітэт</a></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$59284EFD-CD2E-4671-8904-4339E3277E1C" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P108"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82" title="Масачусецкі тэхналагічны інстытут">Масачусецкі тэхналагічны інстытут</a></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Альма-матар</th> <td class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$DD8884D0-C27F-42BE-A566-1105ABD0E793" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P69"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82" title="Каліфарнійскі тэхналагічны інстытут">Каліфарнійскі тэхналагічны інстытут</a></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$E2BD9DE5-1C1E-4346-94BE-C46E6FDCFFA2" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P69"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%92._%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8E%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Універсітэт імя В. Дзюка">Універсітэт Дзьюка</a></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$EFDA2A6A-1BB0-45D5-B959-1AAACCDC8CB0" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P69"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82+%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Універсітэт Фурмана</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475020" class="extiw" title="d:Q1475020">[d]</a></sup></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$3E79E738-873B-496C-9044-5CAB525C3F70" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P69"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Greenville+High+School&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Greenville High School</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28230510" class="extiw" title="d:Q28230510">[d]</a></sup></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Навуковы кіраўнік</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$B0ED8032-49BA-4F5B-98FF-2DA390BF60BB" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P184"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC+%D0%A1%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Уільям Сміт</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21531590" class="extiw" title="d:Q21531590">[d]</a></sup></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Член у</th> <td class="note plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q184566$17C83509-7D13-4BCE-8142-F705787C4AAB" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Лонданскае каралеўскае таварыства">Лонданскае каралеўскае таварыства</a></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$409A0657-04B8-463C-B36B-72BADAAA90AB" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Нацыянальная акадэмія навук ЗША">Нацыянальная акадэмія навук ЗША</a></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$F1E44DB9-B57F-4072-9B17-84719A91AA6C" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D1%96_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Амерыканская акадэмія мастацтваў і навук">Амерыканская акадэмія мастацтваў і навук</a></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$D3172660-34A8-4DE2-B0D7-EF5005453705" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Папская акадэмія навук">Папская акадэмія навук</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-_ea27f1a1f6476b99_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_ea27f1a1f6476b99-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$E3816F0E-DEFB-4F1E-AF8A-3FFAFB44172C" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Расійская акадэмія навук">Расійская акадэмія навук</a></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$2A8E2C3C-E06D-4EF9-8CD3-D00541C4875E" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Нацыянальная інжынерная акадэмія ЗША">Нацыянальная інжынерная акадэмія ЗША</a></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$9ECCE897-0F87-4138-8005-ACF3B4F02738" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Індыйская нацыянальная акадэмія навук</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2095524" class="extiw" title="d:Q2095524">[d]</a></sup></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$41B1DD9E-26BB-42F6-B5E0-807F1DB401AE" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Амерыканскае філасофскае таварыства">Амерыканскае філасофскае таварыства</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-_6f91517a68bd0f9b_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_6f91517a68bd0f9b-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$CA4F6163-E529-49AA-AA3F-A1F99B29DC55" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Амерыканскае астранамічнае таварыства">Амерыканскае астранамічнае таварыства</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-_6f91517a68bd0f9b_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_6f91517a68bd0f9b-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$61F63C12-EAE0-4082-9099-310E8C13A7F2" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Амерыканскае фізічнае таварыства">Амерыканскае фізічнае таварыства</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-_6f91517a68bd0f9b_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_6f91517a68bd0f9b-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$95A6D9F6-835A-48A9-8BC3-47E87615C2B5" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Еўрапейская акадэмія</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337234" class="extiw" title="d:Q337234">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_87f46cbff6224628_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_87f46cbff6224628-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$d1c48fe8-4690-631e-fadd-3a9dd16c0155" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P463"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=JASON&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">JASON</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839363" class="extiw" title="d:Q839363">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_0e2e6c3eca362d44_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_0e2e6c3eca362d44-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Узнагароды</th> <td class="plainlist"> <div style="text-align:justify"><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$B016024B-6B36-4872-AA7C-8ED9A70F5988"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Грант Гугенхайма">грант Гугенхайма</a> (<span class="nowrap">1955</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$BB575542-BC44-4FAD-AD1F-883168F8A2B9"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B0+%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Міжнародны залаты медаль Нільса Бора</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7031462" class="extiw" title="d:Q7031462">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1979</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$3d417263-4dd9-f71b-5c03-f70933100df1"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы"><img alt="Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/17px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/26px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/34px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$2693098C-F7C0-40DF-A85E-1AA3B5D546D4"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">медаль Фрэдэрыка Айвса</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1452721" class="extiw" title="d:Q1452721">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1996</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$BE0D995A-4C00-4B48-AB12-1F2863A981BB"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%A1%D1%86%D1%8E%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">медаль Сцюарта Балантайна</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7626301" class="extiw" title="d:Q7626301">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1962</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$B2EEBE4E-386B-415E-842F-725C973F5C94"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Тэмплтанаўская прэмія</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603631" class="extiw" title="d:Q603631">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">2005</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$9F7EFAE8-C34C-4E33-8106-B924B701F319"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C+SPIE&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Залаты медаль SPIE</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8153695" class="extiw" title="d:Q8153695">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">2010</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$62809FCA-45B1-4939-9204-DC811A194168"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IEEE+David+Sarnoff+Award&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">IEEE David Sarnoff Award</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5970344" class="extiw" title="d:Q5970344">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1961</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$1044DBDC-4FCC-486D-A923-8DC333EF2498"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%9C._%D0%92._%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Вялікі залаты медаль імя М. В. Ламаносава">Вялікі залаты медаль імя М. В. Ламаносава</a> (<span class="nowrap">2000</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$8623400C-B824-4C20-B96D-99D72B284E51"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F+%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">прызавая лекцыя Петры</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2080569" class="extiw" title="d:Q2080569">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1985</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$80930BEF-7A21-4A72-ACF6-687FCCC0E56E"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B+IEEE&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Медаль пашаны IEEE</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q678414" class="extiw" title="d:Q678414">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1967</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$87ED6E89-DBD0-4A00-9007-5C476BB9080A"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0+%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">медаль Вільгельма Экснера</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q700368" class="extiw" title="d:Q700368">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1970</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$B17F4F7A-C8C9-4611-92EE-43CC8970F057"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D1%8B+%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">прэмія Генры Норыса Расела</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1607116" class="extiw" title="d:Q1607116">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1998</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$FA80DC3A-8235-4E94-860C-F985CF5D1735"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Нацыянальны навуковы медаль ЗША"><img alt="Нацыянальны навуковы медаль ЗША" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/National_Medal_of_Science.jpg/40px-National_Medal_of_Science.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/National_Medal_of_Science.jpg/60px-National_Medal_of_Science.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/National_Medal_of_Science.jpg/80px-National_Medal_of_Science.jpg 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="594" /></a></span></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$8101800C-17A4-4BD7-A09A-CCF5274DDB5C"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">медаль Карла Шварцшыльда</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1730176" class="extiw" title="d:Q1730176">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">2002</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$869F754C-CC11-4F47-A7DC-76823FEF9D42"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">прэмія Румфарда</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2096481" class="extiw" title="d:Q2096481">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1961</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$AC26F62F-15A8-45E8-92C9-88DB1D53AA93"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Нацыянальная Зала славы вынаходнікаў</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366018" class="extiw" title="d:Q1366018">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1976</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$232A61CA-914B-4BF4-A5A3-D6354EA6740C"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0+%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Прэмія Морыса Лібмана</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576885" class="extiw" title="d:Q576885">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1959</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$A848910B-DDC2-4F17-9747-78E98A726554"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">прэмія Джона Карты</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6240976" class="extiw" title="d:Q6240976">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1961</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$F6A2F6E6-B0ED-495D-8B5D-DCEFD0B02678"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Young+Medal+and+Prize&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Young Medal and Prize</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8058296" class="extiw" title="d:Q8058296">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1963</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$4EECCF32-6C45-465E-B6BD-37A9FD609B82"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8F&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">медаль Мендэля</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28502289" class="extiw" title="d:Q28502289">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1999</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$8225753A-D754-4E4C-AFF8-FF2EA2FA13BE"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%96+%D0%A0%D1%8B%D1%85%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">прэмія памяці Рыхтмаера</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331107" class="extiw" title="d:Q7331107">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1959</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$2BE26B46-1A6C-4229-B854-F052E9361EF9"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">член Амерыканскага фізічнага таварыства</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41955909" class="extiw" title="d:Q41955909">[d]</a></sup></p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$AA07D31F-7C82-4732-A9DE-946B20CF09B7"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Earle+K.+Plyler+Prize+for+Molecular+Spectroscopy&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Earle K. Plyler Prize for Molecular Spectroscopy</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326446" class="extiw" title="d:Q5326446">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1977</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$17CD9798-7527-4AC5-A301-0E7EF794B2B5"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">прэмія Камстока</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122821" class="extiw" title="d:Q1122821">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1958</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$ECC0E00B-5427-4FA3-9EBF-35581EEDA96E"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D1%96_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Член Амерыканскай акадэміі мастацтваў і навук">член Амерыканскай акадэміі мастацтваў і навук</a></p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$589FA1FB-872B-4423-AD29-D79A0232F6E6"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">замежны член Лонданскага каралеўскага таварыства</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14906020" class="extiw" title="d:Q14906020">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1976</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$6b9e0e76-4d77-1ab5-24b5-8412ea422daa"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E+%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%83&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">прэмія за навуковую публіцыстыку</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6084965" class="extiw" title="d:Q6084965">[d]</a></sup></p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$3d9baa51-4366-4ea2-9f3c-58d1da396b46"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D0%AF%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">лекцыя Карла Янскага</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1528880" class="extiw" title="d:Q1528880">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1971</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$b281bb1c-4325-70b5-9921-50292e1102ce"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Remsen+Award&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Remsen Award</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15842139" class="extiw" title="d:Q15842139">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1972</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$94e3e980-4ad7-e50a-e79b-7f1ffd2267ff"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=C.E.K.+Mees+Medal&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">C.E.K. Mees Medal</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25110425" class="extiw" title="d:Q25110425">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1968</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$c0f6b403-47a5-91bb-a8e1-f8879a6c332a"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">медаль Джона Скота</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3332215" class="extiw" title="d:Q3332215">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap">1963</span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166[!STATEMENT:P31{Q378427}][!STATEMENT:P31{Q5257307}]" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q184566$9D511FB6-5DD0-44F3-9712-B21A1EFF6A58"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126416244" class="extiw" title="d:Q126416244">Q126416244</a><span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help; white-space: nowrap" title="У Вікіданых няма беларускага подпісу да элемента. Вы можаце дапамагчы, пазначыўшы беларускі варыянт подпісу.">?</span> (<span class="nowrap">16 чэрвеня 1992</span>)</p></span></span></div></td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;border-top:1px solid #DDD; background:#eaeaea;;"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q184566$DED3F908-0D43-45CF-BE12-7149EF9794B4" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P373"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Charles_Townes" title="commons:Category:Charles Townes"><img alt="Лагатып Вікісховішча" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Charles_Townes" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Charles Townes">Медыяфайлы на Вікісховішчы</a></span></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Чарлз Хард Таўнс</b><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEБелЭн2002_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEБелЭн2002-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Англійская мова">англ.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic;" lang="en">Charles Hard Townes</span>; нар. <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/28_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="28 ліпеня">28 ліпеня</a> <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB_(%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Грынвіл (Паўднёвая Караліна)">Грынвіл</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Паўднёвая Караліна">Паўднёвая Караліна</a>) — амерыканскі <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Фізік">фізік</a>, лаўрэат <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы">Нобелеўскай прэміі па фізіцы</a> (1964). Член Нацыянальнай акадэміі навук ЗША (1956), замежны член <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="РАН">РАН</a> (1994). Хрысціянін баптысцкага веравызнання. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Біяграфія"><span id=".D0.91.D1.96.D1.8F.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.84.D1.96.D1.8F"></span>Біяграфія</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Правіць раздзел: Біяграфія" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&action=edit&section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Біяграфія"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Таўнс нарадзіўся ў Грынвіле, там жа вучыўся, у 1935 годзе скончыў Фурманскі ўніверсітэт, у 1939 годзе — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82" title="Каліфарнійскі тэхналагічны інстытут">Каліфарнійскі тэхналагічны інстытут</a>. У 1939—1948 гадах ён працаваў у фірме «Бэл тэлефон», у 1948—1961 гадах — у Калумбійскім універсітэце (з 1950 года на пасадзе прафесара). У 1961—1966 гадах Таўнс з’яўляўся прафесарам і прэзідэнтам <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82" title="Масачусецкі тэхналагічны інстытут">Масачусецкага тэхналагічнага інстытута</a>, з 1967 года ўзначальвае фізічны аддзел <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Каліфарнійскі ўніверсітэт у Берклі">Каліфарнійскага ўніверсітэта ў Берклі</a>. У 1967 годзе ён быў абраны прэзідэнтам Амерыканскага фізічнага таварыства. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Навуковая_дзейнасць"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D0.B2.D1.83.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B0.D1.8F_.D0.B4.D0.B7.D0.B5.D0.B9.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.86.D1.8C"></span>Навуковая дзейнасць</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Правіць раздзел: Навуковая дзейнасць" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&action=edit&section=2" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Навуковая дзейнасць"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Асноўныя навуковыя працы па <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%91%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Радыёспектраскапія">мікрахвалевай спектраскапіі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантавая электроніка">квантавай электроніцы</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Радыёастраномія (няма такой старонкі)">радыёастраноміі</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Інфрачырвоная астраномія (няма такой старонкі)">інфрачырвонай астраноміі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Астрафізіка">астрафізіцы</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Радыёлакацыя">радыёлакацыі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Нелінейная оптыка">нелінейнай оптыцы</a>. Распрацаваў прынцыпы генерацыі і ўзмацнення <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Электрамагнітнае выпраменьванне">электрамагнітнага выпраменьвання</a> ў квантавых сістэмах (1951, незалежна ад <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Мікалай Генадзевіч Басаў">М. Г. Басава</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Аляксандр Міхайлавіч Прохараў">А. М. Прохарава</a>). Стварыў першы <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Мазер">мазер</a> (1953). Прапанаваў прынцып <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Лазер">лазера</a> (1958, разам з <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Артур Леанард Шаўлаў">А. Л. Шаўлавым</a>). Разам з іншымі вучонымі прадказаў эфект самафакусіроўкі светлавога пучка (1964, незалежна ад <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%88%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%E2%80%99%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гуген Ашотавіч Аскар’я (няма такой старонкі)">Г. А. Аскар’яна</a>). Выкарыстаў метады квантавай электронікі і нелінейнай оптыкі ў астрафізіцы і разам з іншымі вучонымі ў 1969 годзе адкрыў мазерны эфект у <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Космас">космасе</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Узнагароды"><span id=".D0.A3.D0.B7.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.B3.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B4.D1.8B"></span>Узнагароды</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Правіць раздзел: Узнагароды" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&action=edit&section=3" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Узнагароды"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Медаль Б. Румфарда (1961)</li> <li>Медаль Т. Юнга (1963)</li> <li>Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы (1964)</li> <li>Залаты медаль Н. Бора (1979)</li> <li>Нацыянальны навуковы медаль ЗША (1982)</li> <li>Тэмплтанаўская прэмія (2005)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Крыніцы"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.80.D1.8B.D0.BD.D1.96.D1.86.D1.8B"></span>Крыніцы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Правіць раздзел: Крыніцы" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&action=edit&section=4" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Крыніцы"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-_b2ee309a2ac54f84-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-_b2ee309a2ac54f84_1-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-_b2ee309a2ac54f84_1-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q207694 citetype_Q24699794 citetype_Q570116" data-entity-id="Q201469">Charles H. Townes // Музей Саламона Гугенхайма<span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 1937.</span> <small>Праверана 9 кастрычніка 2017.</small></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q10498496">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q10498496</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q201469">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q201469</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_fdb7d7fb1c3ed0d1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-_fdb7d7fb1c3ed0d1_2-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-_fdb7d7fb1c3ed0d1_2-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q13136" data-entity-id="Q237227"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:Brockhaus_Enzyklop%C3%A4die" class="extiw" title="de:s:Brockhaus Enzyklopädie">Charles Hard Townes</a> // Brockhaus Enzyklopädie<span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span> <small>Праверана 9 кастрычніка 2017.</small></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q237227">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q237227</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_ea27f1a1f6476b99-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_ea27f1a1f6476b99_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q35127" data-entity-id="Q106982426">www.pas.va<span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q106982426">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q106982426</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_6f91517a68bd0f9b-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-_6f91517a68bd0f9b_4-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-_6f91517a68bd0f9b_4-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-_6f91517a68bd0f9b_4-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q7094076 citetype_Q35127 citetype_Q36524 citetype_Q43229" data-entity-id="Q1373513">NNDB<span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 2002.</span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1373513">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1373513</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_87f46cbff6224628-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_87f46cbff6224628_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ae-info.org/ae/User/Townes_Charles">https://www.ae-info.org/ae/User/Townes_Charles</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div style="display:none"></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_0e2e6c3eca362d44-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_0e2e6c3eca362d44_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q13442814" data-entity-id="Q65620703"><i class="wef_low_priority_links"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Finkbeiner" class="extiw" title="en:Ann Finkbeiner">Finkbeiner A. K.</a></i> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65620703" class="extiw" title="d:Q65620703">Unwelcome advice?</a> // <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(journal)" class="extiw" title="en:Science (journal)">Science</a></i><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> / <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holden_Thorp" class="extiw" title="en:Holden Thorp">H. Thorp</a> — <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_America" class="extiw" title="en:Northern America">Northern America</a>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%86%D1%86%D1%8E_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Амерыканская асацыяцыя садзейнічання развіццю навукі">AAAS</a>, 2019. — Vol. 364, Iss. 6447. — P. 1222–1225. — ISSN <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0036-8075">0036-8075</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1095-9203">1095-9203</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/SCIENCE.364.6447.1222">doi:10.1126/SCIENCE.364.6447.1222</a></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q65620703">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q65620703</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q11206458">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q11206458</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2017699">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2017699</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q192864">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q192864</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q55687429">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q55687429</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q40358">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q40358</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEБелЭн2002-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEБелЭн2002_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFБелЭн2002">БелЭн 2002</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Літаратура"><span id=".D0.9B.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Літаратура</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Правіць раздзел: Літаратура" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%81&action=edit&section=5" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Літаратура"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFБелЭн2002"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8E%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мікалай Мікалаевіч Касцюковіч (няма такой старонкі)">Касцюковіч М. М.</a></i> Таўнс Чарлз Хард // <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Беларуская энцыклапедыя">Беларуская энцыклапедыя</a>: У 18 т. Т. 15: Следавікі — Трыо / Рэдкал.: <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E" title="Генадзь Пятровіч Пашкоў">Г. П. Пашкоў</a> і інш. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="Мінск">Мн.</span> : <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8F_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Беларуская Энцыклапедыя імя Петруся Броўкі">БелЭн</a>, 2002. — Т. 15. — С. 459. — <span style="white-space: nowrap;">10 000 экз.</span> — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9851100358" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 985-11-0035-8</a>. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9851102512" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 985-11-0251-2</a> (т. 15).</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFВСЭ1976">Та́унс Чарлз / Дунская И. М. // Т. 25. Струнино — Тихорецк. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Масква">М</span>. : Советская энциклопедия, 1976. — С. 300. — (<a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F#Трэцяе_выданне" title="Вялікая савецкая энцыклапедыя">Большая советская энциклопедия</a> : <span style="white-space: nowrap;">[в 30 т.]</span> / гл. ред. <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Аляксандр Міхайлавіч Прохараў">А. М. Прохоров</a></span>; 1969—1978).</span> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4785216">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Лаўрэаты_Нобелеўскай_прэміі_па_фізіцы_ў_1951—1975_гадах" data-name="Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы 1951—1975" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist hlist-items-nowrap collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><span class="navbox-gear" style="float:left;text-align:left;width:5em;margin-right:0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B_1951%E2%80%941975" title="Прагляд гэтага шаблона"><img alt="⛭" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/21px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/28px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span></span><div id="Лаўрэаты_Нобелеўскай_прэміі_па_фізіцы_ў_1951—1975_гадах" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em">Лаўрэаты <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы">Нобелеўскай прэміі па фізіцы</a> ў 1951—1975 гадах</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82" title="Джон Дуглас Кокрафт">Кокрафт</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Эрнест Томас Сінтан Уолтан">Уолтан</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85" title="Фелікс Блох">Блох</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Эдвард Мілс Пёрсел">Пёрсел</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%86_%D0%A6%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Фрыц Цэрніке">Цэрніке</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD" title="Макс Борн">Борн</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Вальтэр Ботэ">Ботэ</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%AE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1" title="Уіліс Юджын Лэмб">Лэмб</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%88" title="Палікарп Куш">Куш</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Уільям Брэдфард Шоклі">Шоклі</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Джон Бардзін">Бардзін</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Уолтэр Хаўзер Братэйн">Братэйн</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Янг Чжэньнін">Янг</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96_%D0%A6%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B0" title="Лі Цзундаа">Лі</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E" title="Павел Аляксеевіч Чаранкоў">Чаранкоў</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Ілья Міхайлавіч Франк">Франк</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%AF%D1%9E%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ігар Яўгенавіч Там">Там</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8D" title="Эміліа Джына Сегрэ">Сегрэ</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%9E%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%A7%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Оўэн Чэмберлен">Чэмберлен</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Дональд Артур Глазер">Глазер</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Роберт Хофштатэр">Хофштатэр</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3_%D0%9C%D1%91%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Рудольф Людвіг Мёсбаўэр">Мёсбаўэр</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%9E_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Леў Давідавіч Ландау">Ландау</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Юджын Вігнер">Вігнер</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%93%D1%91%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Марыя Гёперт-Маер">Гёперт-Маер</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Іаганес Ганс Даніэль Енсен">Енсен</a> (1963)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Таўнс</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Мікалай Генадзевіч Басаў">Басаў</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Аляксандр Міхайлавіч Прохараў">Прохараў</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BD%E2%80%99%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Сін’ітыра Таманага">Таманага</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Джуліян Швінгер">Швінгер</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%81_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Рычард Філіпс Фейнман">Фейнман</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Альфрэд Кастлер">Кастлер</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%85%D1%82_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Ханс Альбрэхт Бетэ">Бетэ</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Луіс Уолтэр Альварэс">Альварэс</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Мюрэй Гел-Ман">Гел-Ман</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Ханес Альфвен">Альфвен</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%96_%D0%AD%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Луі Эжэн Фелікс Неель">Неель</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Дэніс Габар">Габар</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Джон Бардзін">Бардзін</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Леон Нейл Купер">Купер</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A8%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Джон Роберт Шрыфер">Шрыфер</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0_%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Леа Эсакі">Эсакі</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Айвар Джаевер">Джаевер</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD_%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Браян Дэйвід Джозефсан">Джозефсан</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB" title="Марцін Райл">Райл</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%A5%E2%80%99%D1%8E%D1%96%D1%88" title="Энтані Х’юіш">Х’юіш</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Оге Нільс Бор">О. Бор</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бенжамін Мотэльсан">Мотэльсан</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Леа Джэймс Рэйнуотэр">Рэйнуотэр</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Шаблон:Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы">Поўны пералік</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B_1901%E2%80%941925" title="Шаблон:Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы 1901—1925">(1901—1925)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B_1926%E2%80%941950" title="Шаблон:Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы 1926—1950">(1926—1950)</a></li> <li><b>(1951—1975)</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B_1976%E2%80%942000" title="Шаблон:Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы 1976—2000">(1976—2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B_2001%E2%80%942025" title="Шаблон:Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы 2001—2025">(2001—2025)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4785216"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Навігацыйны шаблон" data-name="External links" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist toCollapsibleCount navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><div style="padding: 0px 18px 0px 0px; width: 100%;"><div style="float: left;"><span class="noprint plainlinks nowrap" style="font-size:85%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Прагляд гэтага шаблона"><img alt="⚙️" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/ef7ba93b-b9ac-4d27-8df8-e61587d36951">MusicBrainz</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Слоўнікі і энцыклапедыі</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclopedies/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/EC-GEC-0067143.xml">Вялікая каталанская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=116808">Вялікая кітайская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/Charles_Hard_Townes">Вялікая нарвежская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/4183907">Вялікая расійская (старая версія)</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/charles-hard-townes">Універсальная літоўская энцыклапедыя</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Hard-Townes">Britannica (онлайн)</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/townes-charles-hard">Brockhaus</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nndb.com/people/849/000099552">Notable Names Database</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/charles-hard-townes">Treccani</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/charles-hard-townes/">Universalis</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Генеалогія і некрапалістыка</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=141861087">Find a Grave</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Townes-87">WikiTree</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geni.com/profile/index/6000000013135480107">Geni.com</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.rodovid.org/wk/Person:960955">Rodovid</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3748793">.mw-parser-output .ts-navbox-plaintitle{font-size:100%!important;margin:0 6em!important}</style></div><table class="nowraplinks authoritycontrol collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Нарматыўны_кантроль" class="ts-navbox-plaintitle" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Нарматыўны кантроль">Нарматыўны кантроль</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Бібліятэка Каталоніі">BNC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a1091402x">a1091402x</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Францыі">BNF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12305115g">12305115g</a> · <span title="CiNii" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">CiNii</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA03869145">DA03869145</a> · <span title="CONOR.SI" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">CONOR</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cobiss.si/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=CONOR&rid=23610211">23610211</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/119451182">119451182</a> · <span title="Common Thesaurus of Audiovisual Archives" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">GTAA</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.beeldengeluid.nl/gtaa/161633">161633</a> · <span title="Міжнародны ідэнтыфікатар стандартных найменняў" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">ISNI</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni-url.oclc.nl/isni/0000000109089265">0000000109089265</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Кантрольны нумар Бібліятэкі Кангрэса">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84800620">n84800620</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная парламенцкая бібліятэка Японіі">NDL</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00797063">00797063</a> · <span title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Чэхіі" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NKC</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/jx20040722009">jx20040722009</a> · <span title="KB National Library of the Netherlands" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NTA</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p100761089">100761089</a> · <span title="NUKAT" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NUKAT</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/processed/NUKAT%7Cn01013725">n01013725</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Каралеўская бібліятэка Швецыі">LIBRIS</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/auth/368879">368879</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/auth/329133">329133</a> · <span title="SUDOC" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">SUDOC</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/03192610X">03192610X</a> · <a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/64072227">64072227</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Узята з "<a dir="ltr" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Чарлз_Хард_Таўнс&oldid=4798160">https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Чарлз_Хард_Таўнс&oldid=4798160</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Categories" title="Адмысловае:Categories">Катэгорыі</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8F_28_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Катэгорыя:Нарадзіліся 28 ліпеня">Нарадзіліся 28 ліпеня</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8F_%D1%9E_1915_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Катэгорыя:Нарадзіліся ў 1915 годзе">Нарадзіліся ў 1915 годзе</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8F_%D1%9E_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Катэгорыя:Нарадзіліся ў Паўднёвай Караліне">Нарадзіліся ў Паўднёвай Караліне</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%96_27_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Катэгорыя:Памерлі 27 студзеня">Памерлі 27 студзеня</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%96_%D1%9E_2015_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Катэгорыя:Памерлі ў 2015 годзе">Памерлі ў 2015 годзе</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%96_%D1%9E_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Катэгорыя:Памерлі ў акрузе Аламіда">Памерлі ў акрузе Аламіда</a></li><li><a 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Finkbeiner»\npersonNameToAuthorName: «Ann K. Finkbeiner»: have «Im O. Fa» match\nGot person name of Q11206458 from label: «Holden Thorp»\npersonNameToResponsibleName: «Holden Thorp»: have «Im Fa» match\nGot title of Q2017699 from label: «Northern America»\nGot title of Q40358 from short name claim: «AAAS»\nstatement, value: P31{Q378427}\nstatement, value: P31{Q5257307}\nfilterByStatement, filter value before replacing: P31{Q378427}\nfilterByStatement, filter value: P31[Q378427]\nstatementValue: Q1316544\nstatementValue: Q7031462\nstatementValue: Q38104\nstatementValue: Q1452721\nstatementValue: Q7626301\nstatementValue: Q603631\nstatementValue: Q8153695\nstatementValue: Q5970344\nstatementValue: Q1340199\nstatementValue: Q2080569\nstatementValue: Q678414\nstatementValue: Q700368\nstatementValue: Q1607116\nstatementValue: Q737051\nstatementValue: Q1730176\nstatementValue: Q2096481\nstatementValue: Q1366018\nstatementValue: Q576885\nstatementValue: Q6240976\nstatementValue: Q8058296\nstatementValue: Q28502289\nstatementValue: Q7331107\nstatementValue: Q41955909\nstatementValue: Q5326446\nstatementValue: Q1122821\nstatementValue: Q52382875\nstatementValue: Q14906020\nstatementValue: Q6084965\nstatementValue: Q1528880\nstatementValue: Q15842139\nstatementValue: Q25110425\nstatementValue: Q3332215\nstatementValue: Q126416244\nfilterByStatement, filter value before replacing: P31{Q5257307}\nfilterByStatement, filter value: P31[Q5257307]\nstatementValue: Q1316544\nstatementValue: Q7031462\nstatementValue: Q38104\nstatementValue: Q1452721\nstatementValue: Q7626301\nstatementValue: Q603631\nstatementValue: Q8153695\nstatementValue: Q5970344\nstatementValue: Q1340199\nstatementValue: Q2080569\nstatementValue: Q678414\nstatementValue: Q700368\nstatementValue: Q1607116\nstatementValue: Q737051\nstatementValue: Q1730176\nstatementValue: Q2096481\nstatementValue: Q1366018\nstatementValue: Q576885\nstatementValue: Q6240976\nstatementValue: Q8058296\nstatementValue: Q28502289\nstatementValue: Q7331107\nstatementValue: Q41955909\nstatementValue: Q5326446\nstatementValue: Q1122821\nstatementValue: Q52382875\nstatementValue: Q14906020\nstatementValue: Q6084965\nstatementValue: Q1528880\nstatementValue: Q15842139\nstatementValue: Q25110425\nstatementValue: Q3332215\nstatementValue: Q126416244\nstatement, value: P31{Q378427}\nstatement, value: P31{Q5257307}\nfilterByStatement, filter value before replacing: P31{Q378427}\nfilterByStatement, filter value: P31[Q378427]\nstatementValue: Q1316544\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q7031462\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q38104\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1452721\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q7626301\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q603631\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q8153695\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q5970344\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1340199\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q2080569\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q678414\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q700368\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1607116\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q737051\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1730176\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q2096481\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1366018\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q576885\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q6240976\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q8058296\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q28502289\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q7331107\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q41955909\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q5326446\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1122821\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q52382875\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q14906020\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q6084965\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1528880\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q15842139\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q25110425\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q3332215\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q126416244\ninsert statement\nfilterByStatement, filter value before replacing: P31{Q5257307}\nfilterByStatement, filter value: P31[Q5257307]\nstatementValue: Q1316544\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q7031462\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q38104\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1452721\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q7626301\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q603631\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q8153695\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q5970344\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1340199\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q2080569\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q678414\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q700368\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1607116\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q737051\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1730176\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q2096481\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1366018\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q576885\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q6240976\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q8058296\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q28502289\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q7331107\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q41955909\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q5326446\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1122821\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q52382875\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q14906020\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q6084965\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q1528880\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q15842139\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q25110425\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q3332215\ninsert statement\nstatementValue: Q126416244\ninsert statement\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1955-00-00T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"bda9c46c291ce57b35a9e9e3061e61a37da90bca\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1979-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"276024b79a62832b77b02a497e1a5d81c5c43cf3\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P1706\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"wikibase-item\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"wikibase-entityid\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"entity-type\"] = \"item\",\n [\"id\"] = \"Q83557\",\n [\"numeric-id\"] = 83557,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"7d0e921c1ffe12e4a41e5635f95e9f11c413937e\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P1706\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n table#6 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"wikibase-item\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#7 {\n [\"type\"] = \"wikibase-entityid\",\n [\"value\"] = table#8 {\n [\"entity-type\"] = \"item\",\n [\"id\"] = \"Q83552\",\n [\"numeric-id\"] = 83552,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"4ce4cb448c67ee68653b541103492b11c6db4a62\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P1706\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n [\"P2121\"] = table#9 {\n table#10 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"quantity\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#11 {\n [\"type\"] = \"quantity\",\n [\"value\"] = table#12 {\n [\"amount\"] = \"+136500\",\n [\"unit\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q122922\",\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"d789ba588d359841450e5c0c692ff37f7adfede1\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P2121\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n [\"P585\"] = table#13 {\n table#14 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#15 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#16 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1964-00-00T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"5a483b958833d009f585d47002c09aa5d27c4fe8\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n [\"P6208\"] = table#17 {\n table#18 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"monolingualtext\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#19 {\n [\"type\"] = \"monolingualtext\",\n [\"value\"] = table#20 {\n [\"language\"] = \"sv\",\n [\"text\"] = \"för grundläggande arbeten inom kvantelektroniken, som lett till framställning av oscillatorer och förstärkare enligt maser-laserprincipen\",\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"61aeda1fd3463a3d0a1fe19a3952c73708f97485\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P6208\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n table#21 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"monolingualtext\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#22 {\n [\"type\"] = \"monolingualtext\",\n [\"value\"] = table#23 {\n [\"language\"] = \"en\",\n [\"text\"] = \"for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle\",\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"71cea5e4c6db0af9542fde3553d90b9be979b9b1\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P6208\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1996-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"ea3dfba12d8dc56cda2677f030e523ffe2a790c5\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1962-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"ac45bb0d862a664f58e27a283554efd1210d0dab\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+2005-00-00T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"26896c2e3b989e92a54f934df3cb9368a0ce7adb\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+2010-00-00T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"3c2d510317e0fcbe8582afb1d706a4b6eb08d233\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1961-00-00T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"cf188bacd7a69f7b252a0b560b344821369faca4\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+2000-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"eeb6f457aae8f95cecb445d13d7699c5890ab41c\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1985-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"a6d22a800b06cfe7723877af38f0362be749f2eb\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1967-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"23c310dbe0cc81c16f79faceb9764f55c82d6ea4\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1970-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"d9d9f81abb7d81e71be0a2b6be20ead732026732\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1998-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"f2f0529dba50016d99ba3bca8ffd428ad0a6a48e\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1982-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"6b2911e956d411a14c0920569cc4bec75286b03a\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+2002-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"4f58ad05753cffe89d89cdb5a4558fa88fd1b3c2\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1961-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"47482ec5595511d899263f7ffc2f8f96f20842a5\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1976-00-00T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"6012a7d5f709c5c3e8680b0765aba4077bed659b\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1959-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"b7f4f900b8a5e0e84a822e5d847150481447c01c\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1961-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"47482ec5595511d899263f7ffc2f8f96f20842a5\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1963-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"3827c07d63138f958ff3d110090c53f8f718fcc2\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1999-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"91ede71fbea0d0b4865b39e2e3eb44f27cf71ede\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1959-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"b7f4f900b8a5e0e84a822e5d847150481447c01c\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1977-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"dac277ec03edc8681cf28dfc7b83c6ea2376a269\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1958-01-01T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"f921db0b263158098b48320dfa0f935f9215359e\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1976-00-00T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"6012a7d5f709c5c3e8680b0765aba4077bed659b\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1971-00-00T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"1352bdeb838297fa29fe19919ed606650db92b6f\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1972-00-00T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"6f192c28c2d81c283fe0407115207dd895a0e636\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1968-00-00T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"32ee33241fcab0a1e3f1287b9f23598bf659f8bc\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 9,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1963-00-00T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"53a46a3790dcd42563d6d608efb7c1c74e18f00b\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"P585\"] = table#2 {\n table#3 {\n [\"datatype\"] = \"time\",\n [\"datavalue\"] = table#4 {\n [\"type\"] = \"time\",\n [\"value\"] = table#5 {\n [\"after\"] = 0,\n [\"before\"] = 0,\n [\"calendarmodel\"] = \"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727\",\n [\"precision\"] = 11,\n [\"time\"] = \"+1992-06-16T00:00:00Z\",\n [\"timezone\"] = 0,\n },\n },\n [\"hash\"] = \"340c82b0d3cded7175b8ec93d4b41aaf79e0407b\",\n [\"property\"] = \"P585\",\n [\"snaktype\"] = \"value\",\n },\n },\n}\nanchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFБелЭн2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFВСЭ1976\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Таўнс Чарлз Хард\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang-en\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 1,\n [\"Бібліяінфармацыя\"] = 1,\n [\"ВСЭ3\"] = 1,\n [\"ДН\"] = 1,\n [\"Крыніцы/БелЭн\"] = 1,\n [\"Навуковец\"] = 1,\n [\"Нобелеўская прэмія па фізіцы 1951—1975\"] = 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