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Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="أخلاق معيارية – Arabica" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أخلاق معيارية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tica_normativa" title="Ética normativa – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ética normativa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normativ_etika" title="Normativ etika – Atropatenica" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Normativ etika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Atropatenica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Норматив этика – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Норматив этика" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="আদর্শগত নীতিশাস্ত্র – Bengalica" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আদর্শগত নীতিশাস্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88tica_normativa" title="Ètica normativa – Catalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ètica normativa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normativn%C3%AD_etika" title="Normativní etika – Bohemica" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Normativní etika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Bohemica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normative_Ethik" title="Normative Ethik – Germanica" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Normative Ethik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Germanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normative_ethics" title="Normative ethics – Anglica" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Normative ethics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Anglica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normiga_etiko" title="Normiga etiko – Esperantica" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Normiga etiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperantica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tica_normativa" title="Ética normativa – Hispanica" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ética normativa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Hispanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika_normatibo" title="Etika normatibo – Vasconica" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Etika normatibo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Vasconica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="اخلاق هنجاری – Persica" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اخلاق هنجاری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normatiivinen_etiikka" title="Normatiivinen etiikka – Finnica" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Normatiivinen etiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89thique_normative" title="Éthique normative – Francogallica" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Éthique normative" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francogallica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%99%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אתיקה נורמטיבית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אתיקה נורמטיבית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="मानदण्डक नीतिशास्त्र – Hindica" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मानदण्डक नीतिशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normativna_etika" title="Normativna etika – Croatica" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Normativna etika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%BE_%D5%A2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Նորմատիվ բարոյագիտություն – Armenica" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նորմատիվ բարոյագիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A6%8F%E7%AF%84%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="規範倫理学 – Iaponica" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="規範倫理学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Iaponica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%9C%EB%B2%94%EC%9C%A4%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="규범윤리학 – Coreana" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="규범윤리학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Coreana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normatyvin%C4%97_etika" title="Normatyvinė etika – Lithuanica" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Normatyvinė etika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika_normatif" title="Etika normatif – Malayana" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Etika normatif" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normativ_etikk" title="Normativ etikk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Normativ etikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etyka_normatywna" title="Etyka normatywna – Polonica" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Etyka normatywna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tica_normativa" title="Ética normativa – Lusitana" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ética normativa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Lusitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Нормативная этика – Russica" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нормативная этика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normative_ethics" title="Normative ethics – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Normative ethics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normat%C3%ADvna_etika" title="Normatívna etika – Slovaca" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Normatívna etika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normativna_etika" title="Normativna etika – Serbica" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Normativna etika" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normativ_etik" title="Normativ etik – Suecica" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Normativ etik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Suecica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normatibong_etika" title="Normatibong etika – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Normatibong etika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normatif_etik" title="Normatif etik – Turcica" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Normatif etik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turcica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Нормативна етика – Ucrainica" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нормативна етика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ucrainica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A6%8F%E7%AF%84%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="規範倫理學 – Sinica" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="規範倫理學" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Sinica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1321845#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Nexus inter linguas recensere" class="wbc-editpage">Nexus recensere</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">E Vicipaedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="la" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Aristotelis_De_Moribus_ad_Nicomachum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Aristotelis_De_Moribus_ad_Nicomachum.jpg/220px-Aristotelis_De_Moribus_ad_Nicomachum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Aristotelis_De_Moribus_ad_Nicomachum.jpg/330px-Aristotelis_De_Moribus_ad_Nicomachum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Aristotelis_De_Moribus_ad_Nicomachum.jpg/440px-Aristotelis_De_Moribus_ad_Nicomachum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="1025" /></a><figcaption>Aristotelis <i><a href="/wiki/Ethica_Nicomachea" title="Ethica Nicomachea">Ethica Nicomachea</a></i>, opus magnum ethicae virtutis. Prima pagina editionis bilinguis (<a href="/wiki/1566" title="1566">1566</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ethica normativa</b> est <a href="/wiki/Philosophia" title="Philosophia">philosophiae</a> <a href="/wiki/Ethica" title="Ethica">pars moralis</a>, quae hanc proponit quaestionem: Quae sunt praecepta ethica omnibus observanda? Quae praecepta etiam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_(philosophia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norma (philosophia) (non est haec pagina)">normae</a> appellantur. Theoriis ethicis certae normae et dignationes morales semper creantur, declarantur, defenduntur. In aestimandis autem theoriis cogitationes in primis ad actum vel actionem diriguntur, parumque ad actorem eiusque bonitatem aut malitiam, excepta tamen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_virtutis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethica virtutis (non est haec pagina)">ethica virtutis</a>. Sed hoc proprium est ethicae normativae, praecepta dare ad dirigendas vias et rationes hominibus utilia. Itaque eas tractat res, quas credere <b>debemus</b> rectas aut pravas esse, cum in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_descriptiva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethica descriptiva (non est haec pagina)">ethica descriptiva</a> eae tractentur res, quas rectas aut pravas esse re vera credimus. Ethica normativa etiam differt a <a href="/wiki/Meta%C3%ABthica" title="Metaëthica">metaëthica</a>, in qua moralium propositionum natura tractatur, et ab <a href="/wiki/Ethica_practica" title="Ethica practica">ethica practica</a>, quae praecepta normativa ad usum convertit. </p><p>Ethica normativa in partes tres dividi solet, quae sunt <a href="/wiki/Consequentialismus" title="Consequentialismus">consequentialismus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethica_deontologica" title="Ethica deontologica">deontologia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_virtutis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethica virtutis (non est haec pagina)">ethica virtutis</a>. Consequentialismus recentissimus est, antiquissima autem doctrina in ingenii virtutibus posita. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="De_consequentialismo">De consequentialismo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Recensere partem: De consequentialismo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: De consequentialismo"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Consequentialismus refertur ad bonitatem earum rerum, quae ex actibus consequuntur. Itaque rectum ad bonum reducere videtur. Ut nunc est, exstitit <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_19" title="Saeculum 19">saeculo XIX</a> ex <a href="/wiki/Utilitarismus" title="Utilitarismus">utilitarismo</a> <a href="/wiki/Anglia" title="Anglia">Anglico</a>, cuius auctores <a href="/wiki/Ieremias_Bentham" title="Ieremias Bentham">Ieremias Bentham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iacobus_Mill" title="Iacobus Mill">Iacobus Mill</a> et <a href="/wiki/Iohannes_Stuart_Mill" class="mw-redirect" title="Iohannes Stuart Mill">Iohannes Stuart Mill</a> habentur. Utilitarismus in hoc principio positus est: recte agit qui actu suo quam maximam utilitatem parit respectu incommodi eodem actu ad unum omnibus adlati.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hodie variae et multae formae consequentialismi sunt, nam varios habent intellectus Boni ac differentes opiniones de relatione, quae inter actum et consecutionem est. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="De_ethica_deontologica">De ethica deontologica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Recensere partem: De ethica deontologica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: De ethica deontologica"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Deontologia sive <a href="/wiki/Ethica_deontologica" title="Ethica deontologica">ethica deontologica</a> praecipue cum consequentialismo aemulatur. Itaque recte agere non est rectum finem respicere sed potius officium sive rectum praeceptum observare. Cum consequentialistae Rectum ad Bonum reducant, deontologi e contra Bonum ad Rectum reducunt. </p><p>Ethica deontologica altis defixa est radicibus, namque orta est opinionibus theologorum <a href="/wiki/Religio_Christiana" title="Religio Christiana">Christianorum</a>, qui rectas actiones ex voluntate Dei fieri dixerunt. Sed ad deontologiam informandam plurimum contulit <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" class="mw-redirect" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a>, qui officium dixit non extrinsecus sed potius a mentis intimo proficisci. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imperativus_categoricus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imperativus categoricus (non est haec pagina)">Imperativum categoricum</a>, recte agendi iussum absolutum, proposuit: ita age, ut quidquid tua voluntate agas, semper possit lex universalis fieri.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Inter recentiores doctrinas deontologicas numerandae sunt <a href="/wiki/Georgius_Habermas" title="Georgius Habermas">Georgii Habermas</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_discursus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethica discursus (non est haec pagina)">ethica discursus</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> et <a href="/wiki/Iohannes_Rawls" title="Iohannes Rawls">Iohannis Rawls</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%27%27A_Theory_of_Justice%27%27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="''A Theory of Justice'' (non est haec pagina)">theoria iustitiae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cum enim cives simus et variis sermonum discursibus communicativis intersimus, certis obligamur officiis, quibus exactiores normae ethicae socialesque fundantur. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="De_ethica_virtutis">De ethica virtutis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Recensere partem: De ethica virtutis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: De ethica virtutis"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ethica virtutis a <a href="/wiki/Socrates" title="Socrates">Socrate</a> (sive <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Platone</a>) et <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristotele</a> profecta esse videtur. De ingenii virtutibus boni hominis agitur, quas <a href="/wiki/Graecia_antiqua" title="Graecia antiqua">Graeci</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Arete" class="mw-disambig" title="Arete">aretas</a></i> appellabant. Aristoteles libris, quos <a href="/wiki/Ethica_Nicomachea" title="Ethica Nicomachea">de moribus ad Nicomachum</a> scripsit, actus singulos dicit non satis esse ad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eudaemonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eudaemonia (non est haec pagina)">eudaemoniam</a> sive vitam beatam adipiscendam. Magni enim momenti est in virtutibus se exercere, nam ita bene facta ultro consequentur, et ex bene factis vita beata. Aristoteles etiam condiciones rerum profert, nam quilibet actus, qui aliquo loco rectus esse videtur, alibi pravus esse potest. Huius doctrinae contraria est ethica <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" class="mw-redirect" title="Immanuel Kant">Kantiana</a>, in qua de singulis actibus agitur. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nexus_interni">Nexus interni</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meta%C3%ABthica" title="Metaëthica">Metaëthica</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Methods_of_Ethics" title="The Methods of Ethics">The Methods of Ethics</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notae">Notae</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Recensere partem: Notae" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Notae"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mill 1879.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kantius <i><a href="/wiki/Fundamentum_metaphysicae_moralitatis" title="Fundamentum metaphysicae moralitatis">Fundamentum metaphysicae moralitatis</a></i>, 1785.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Habermas 1983: 53-125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rawls 1971.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliographia">Bibliographia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Recensere partem: Bibliographia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliographia"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Fieser, James. 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iep.utm.edu/ethics/">Ethics</a>. <i>The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.</i></li> <li>Foot, Philippa. 2002. <i>Natural Goodness.</i> Oxford: Clarendon Press.</li> <li>Habermas, Jürgen. 1983. <i>Moralbewusstsein und kommunikatives Handeln</i>. Frankfurt am Main.</li> <li>Kant, Immanuel. 1785/1999. <i><a href="/wiki/Fundamentum_metaphysicae_moralitatis" title="Fundamentum metaphysicae moralitatis">Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten</a>.</i> Mit einer Einleitung, Sachanmerkungen, Personen- und Sachregister sowie einer aktualisierten Bibliographie neu herausgegeben von Bernd Kraft und Dieter Schönecker. Meiner: Hamburg.</li> <li>Korsgaard, Christine. 2008. <i>The Constitution of Agency. Essays on Practical Reason and Moral Psychology.</i> Oxford: Oxford University Press.</li> <li>McDowell, John. 1979. Virtue and Reason. <i>Monist</i> 62: 331–50.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Stuart_Mill" title="Ioannes Stuart Mill">Mill, John Stuart</a>. 1879. <i>Utilitarianism.</i> 7th edition. New York: Longmans, Green & Co.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Rawls" class="mw-redirect" title="Ioannes Rawls">Rawls, John.</a> 1971. <i>A Theory of Justice.</i> Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.</li> <li>Ross, William David. 1930. <i>The Right and the Good.</i> Oxford: Oxford University Press.</li></ul> <p><br /> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Receptum de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&oldid=3695651">https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ethica_normativa&oldid=3695651</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specialis:Categoriae" title="Specialis:Categoriae">Categoriae</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:L_%2B1" title="Categoria:L +1">L +1</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Latinitas_%2B1_(bona)" title="Categoria:Latinitas +1 (bona)">Latinitas +1 (bona)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Ethica" title="Categoria:Ethica">Ethica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Ethica_normativa" title="Categoria:Ethica normativa">Ethica normativa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Philosophia_vitae" title="Categoria:Philosophia vitae">Philosophia vitae</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Theoriae_ethicae" title="Categoria:Theoriae ethicae">Theoriae ethicae</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categoriae celatae: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Paginae_cum_sectione_nexuum_internorum" title="Categoria:Paginae cum sectione nexuum internorum">Paginae cum sectione nexuum internorum</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Myrias_Philosophia" title="Categoria:Myrias Philosophia">Myrias Philosophia</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Novissima mutatio die 1 Augusti 2022 hora 16:28 facta.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Nonobstantibus ceteris condicionibus hunc textum tractare licet secundum <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License"</a>. 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