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How Russia Hacks Elections in the US and Around the World | WIRED
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>How Russia Hacks Elections in the US and Around the World | WIRED</title><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta content="IE=edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/><meta name="msapplication-tap-highlight" content="no"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><meta name="author" content="Andy Greenberg"/><meta name="copyright" content="Copyright (c) Condé Nast 2024"/><meta name="description" content="A brief history of Russia's digital meddling in foreign elections shows disturbing progress."/><meta name="id" content="59385e1909f4ce09698efd97"/><meta name="keywords" content="russia,hacks,election hacking,security"/><meta name="news_keywords" content="russia,hacks,election hacking,security"/><meta name="robots" content="index, follow, noarchive, max-image-preview:large"/><meta name="content-type" content="article"/><meta name="parsely-post-id" content="59385e1909f4ce09698efd97"/><meta name="parsely-metadata" 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{"channel":"security","content":{"copyCount":1279,"imageCount":0,"embedCount":6,"ratio":213.16666666666666,"midContentCadence":375},"contentType":"article","experiments":{},"keywords":{"copilotid":["59385e1909f4ce09698efd97"],"platform":["verso"],"tags":["security","templates","default","credit-icon","illustration","russia","hacks","election-hacking"]},"server":"production","slug":"russia-election-hacking-playbook","subChannel":"","subSubChannel":"","templateType":"mt_article_two_column"};</script><link rel="preconnect" href="https://ads-static.conde.digital"/><script id="ads-v6" src="https://ads-static.conde.digital/production/cns/builds/wired/v6.js" async=""></script><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","articleBody":"Even now, nearly a year after news first broke that Russian hackers had breached the Democratic National Committee and published its internal files, a leaked NSA document pointing to Russian attempts to hack a voting-tech firm has again redefined the scope of the threat. Taken with the recent history of Russia's digital fingerprints on foreign elections, it points to a disturbing trend: Moscow's habit of hacking democratic processes has only gotten more aggressive and technically focused over time.\nThis week, the national-security-focused news outlet the Intercept published a top-secret NSA file outlining how Russian hackers, believed to have been part of the country's GRU military agency, attempted to phish the credentials of employees at VR Systems, a Florida-based tech firm that sells equipment and software used in voting registration. The leak represents the first solid evidence that Russian election hacking has escalated beyond mere political leaks and disinformation to threaten the core systems of America’s voting apparatus.\n\"We were all kind of hoping that the election hacking was at the cognitive level: propaganda, doxing, influence operations. But this is proof that they were actually closer to the tactical, technical level,\" says Kenneth Geers, an ambassador to NATO's Cyber Center who has long followed Russian hacking campaigns. “They were closer to the guts, to the operating system of our democracy, than we knew.”\nFor Geers and his fellow digital Kremlinologists, the VR Systems attack represents only the latest in a progression of either confirmed or presumed Russian election-hacking tactics they've tracked for years. (And that progression doesn't even necessarily include the Kremlin's regular doses of bot-driven propaganda and misinformation---not true hacking, but disruptive nonetheless.) Here's what we know---and suspect---about Russia's digital attacks on the clockwork of democracy over the last decade.\nDDOS Attacks\nThe crudest tool at Russia's disposal for election interference has been to simply knock the opposition's website off the internet. Starting in the late 2000s, pro-Russian hackers bombarded the sites of opposition leaders like Garry Kasparov in the midst of his 2007 campaign for president, keeping Kasparov's site offline or sluggish at key moments during the campaign season. In Russia's 2011 election, the target list expanded to include opposition media outlets like the Moscow Echo, and the election monitoring group Golos.\nIn all those cases, armies of malware-infected computers flooded the targets with junk traffic, overwhelming the servers that hosted the sites. Around the same time, attacks timed to political campaigns struck the websites of opposition politicians in former Soviet states where Russia maintains deep influence, like Belarus and Ukraine. As with most DODS attacks, it's been tough to definitively trace the original source of those attacks, or prove any government involvement.\nSpoofed Results\nIn 2014, one pro-Russian hacker group tried a more fine-tuned approach to political web-hacking. A Russian-speaking hacker operation calling itself CyberBerkut compromised the website of Ukraine's Central Election Commission, and changed the election results it was set to display to declare the winner as ultra-right candidate Dmytro Yarosh. Commission officials spotted the attack less than an hour before the results were set to be released, and prevented the fraudulent version from being shown publicly. Russian state media, apparently coordinating with CyberBerkut, broadcast the fake results regardless.\nAside from that apparent coordination, more recent hints have tied CyberBerkut to the GRU hacker group known as APT28, or Fancy Bear. Cybersecurity researchers at the University of Toronto group Citizen Lab performed an analysis of another CyberBerkut operation last year, this one targeting investigative journalist David Satter. They found that the an account that created the phishing link used in that attack had also likely created URLs that security firms ThreatConnect and FireEye previously tied to Fancy Bear.\nTargeted Leaks\nDespite repeated statements from President Trump and his surrogates to the contrary, intelligence agencies and the cybersecurity community today agree almost unanimously that Russian government hackers stole and leaked a series of Democratic targets in 2016. Those targets included the Democratic National Committee, the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, and the emails of Clinton campaign manager John Podesta. The resulting leaks were published under the fake hacker handle Guccifer 2.0, sent to GOP operatives, and most effectively, shared with WikiLeaks, which trickled them out during key weeks of the campaign.\nAll of which represents a far more sophisticated and politically savvy attempt to influence the US democratic process than Russia had attempted previously, says Eric Rosenbach, a former assistant secretary of defense for cybersecurity under the Obama administration. \"Three years ago they were spoofing a results page. That’s a low-grade information op,\" says Rosenbach. \"Now they're going after very high profile political targets.\"\nAnd the hack and leak trick may not be limited to the US alone: Hackers also published gigabytes of leaks from the party of center-left candidate Emmanuel Macron on the eve of the French election, and stole data from Germany's legislative body that hasn't yet been released.\nSecurity firm Trend Micro found that the same APT28 group had crafted phishing links to target Macron's party, as well as the party of German Chancellor Angela Merkel. With the German election coming up in September, more political leaks may be in store. \"The Russians are probably still refining their tactics,\" says Jim Lewis, a cybersecurity-focused fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. \"The next big target for them is Germany.\"\nInfrastructure Hacking\nAs revealed in the Intercept's leaked NSA report, hackers believed to be working for Russia's GRU military agency---the same agency tied to the group known as Fancy Bear or APT28---sent phishing emails to VR Systems, the makers of hardware and code used to handle voter sign-ins at polling places in eight US states. Senate Intelligence committee vice chairman Mark Warner followed up by telling USA Today on Tuesday that the extent of the attacks were in fact much broader than anyone has yet reported. And US intelligence agencies had already implicated the Kremlin for breaches of the websites of the boards of election for Arizona and Illinois.\nThe NSA report focused on the VR Systems attack, at least, includes no evidence that the phishing attempts were successful. And even if they had been, the disruption that might have ensued would likely have been more effective at casting doubt on the election results than measurably changing its outcome. Warner, too, has said that there's no evidence the 2016 attacks changed actual vote counts.\nVR Systems' equipment, it's worth noting, doesn't actually count votes in the first place. Still, University of Pennsylvania computer science professor Matt Blaze has pointed out that the impacted devices could have ended up on the same network used to manage local polling places, leading to potential attacks on voting machines. Even then, America's fragmented state-run voting infrastructure means that meaningfully changing election results would be an unpredictable, unlikely process.\nThe new leak nonetheless shows that Russian hackers have graduated from mere information and propaganda attacks to techniques designed to more directly tamper with election machinery. CSIS's Lewis argues that other countries may be more vulnerable than the US to that kind of tampering---and the Kremlin may just be getting started. \"Russia wants to disrupt and discredit elections in the West. But their long-shot goal is actually to manipulate the outcomes of elections,\" Lewis says. \"In this case, it doesn’t look like they succeeded. But it was just their first try.\"","isBasedOn":"","articleSection":"security","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andy Greenberg","sameAs":"https://www.wired.com/author/andy-greenberg/"}],"dateModified":"2017-06-09T07:00:00.000-04:00","datePublished":"2017-06-09T07:00:00.000-04:00","headline":"How Russia Hacks Elections in the US and Around the World","image":["https://media.wired.com/photos/593ec585c7be955a3e3d25dc/16:9/w_2128,h_1197,c_limit/RussiaElection-HP.jpg","https://media.wired.com/photos/593ec585c7be955a3e3d25dc/4:3/w_1600,h_1200,c_limit/RussiaElection-HP.jpg","https://media.wired.com/photos/593ec585c7be955a3e3d25dc/1:1/w_1200,h_1200,c_limit/RussiaElection-HP.jpg"],"keywords":["security","russia","hacks","election hacking","web"],"thumbnailUrl":"https://media.wired.com/photos/593ec585c7be955a3e3d25dc/1:1/w_1200,h_1200,c_limit/RussiaElection-HP.jpg","url":"https://www.wired.com/story/russia-election-hacking-playbook/","isPartOf":{"@type":"CreativeWork","name":"WIRED"},"isAccessibleForFree":true,"alternativeHeadline":"A brief history of Russia's digital meddling in foreign elections shows disturbing progress.","description":"A brief history of Russia's digital meddling in foreign elections shows disturbing progress.","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.wired.com/story/russia-election-hacking-playbook/"},"publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"WIRED","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://www.wired.com/verso/static/wired-us/assets/newsletter-signup-hub.jpg","width":"500px","height":"100px"},"url":"https://www.wired.com"}}</script><script 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data-testid="ContentHeaderPublishDate" dateTime="2017-06-09T07:00:00-04:00" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ ContentHeaderTitleBlockPublishDate-hYmSqb iUEiRd iJViBS cXawal">Jun 9, 2017 7:00 AM</time></div></div><h1 data-testid="ContentHeaderHed" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ ContentHeaderHed-NCyCC iUEiRd cvHIvL kctZMs">Everything We Know About Russia's Election-Hacking Playbook</h1></div><div class="ContentHeaderAccreditation-lfctVB etVsnJ content-header__accreditation" data-testid="ContentHeaderAccreditation"><div class="ContentHeaderDek-bIqFFZ jTjywE">A brief history of Russia's digital meddling in foreign elections shows disturbing progress.</div></div></div><div class="ContentHeaderLeadAsset-hGbumP cAlrhp lead-asset ContentHeaderLeadAssetWrapper-hfXHEc besjtV lead-asset--width-small" data-testid="ContentHeaderLeadAsset"><figure class="ContentHeaderLeadAssetContent-kOfYSG dRGWbI"><div class="ContentHeaderLeadAssetContentMedia-bLEIpi jjhWdS 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Please also consider <a href="https://subscribe.wired.com/subscribe/splits/wired/WIR_SELF?source=HCL_WIR_EDIT_HARDCODED_0_COMMERCE_AFFILIATE_ZZ">subscribing to WIRED</a></p></div></div></div><div data-testid="ArticlePageChunks" class="ArticlePageChunks-fLyCVG eOdfIs"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK sjrqk grid grid-margins grid-items-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxaau eSqXkM grid-layout--adrail narrow wide-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--item grid-layout__content"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa jVPeUt body body__container article__body" data-journey-hook="client-content" data-testid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__inner-container"><p><span class="lead-in-text-callout">Just when the</span> cybersecurity world thinks it's found the limits of how far Russian hackers will go to meddle in foreign elections, a new clue emerges that suggests another line has been crossed.</p><p class="paywall">Even now, nearly a year after news first broke that Russian hackers had <a href="https://www.wired.com/2016/07/heres-know-russia-dnc-hack/">breached the Democratic National Committee</a> and published its internal files, a leaked NSA document pointing to Russian attempts to hack a voting-tech firm has again redefined the scope of the threat. Taken with the recent history of <a href="https://www.wired.com/2017/05/nsa-director-confirms-russia-hacked-french-election-infrastructure/">Russia's digital fingerprints on foreign elections</a>, it points to a disturbing trend: Moscow's habit of hacking democratic processes has only gotten more aggressive and technically focused over time.</p><div class="GenericCalloutWrapper-tojWn bPlNqk callout--has-top-border" data-testid="GenericCallout"><aside class="Sidebar-pgAgH kmwJca" data-testid="SidebarEmbed"><p type="sidebar:heading" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SidebarHeading-dEwoAP iUEiRd bieBLr biGqkR paywall" aria-level="2" role="heading">Related Stories</p><div data-testid="SidebarArticleRelatedListItem" class="RelatedListItem-gClwMZ jnSmXl"><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff byWGsE summary-item summary-item--has-border summary-item--article summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-side-by-side 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data-item="{"dangerousHed":"US Sanctions Didn&#39;t Stop Russia&#39;s Election Hacking---Or Even Slow It Down","contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"/2017/05/us-sanctions-didnt-stop-russias-election-hacking-even-slow/","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="/2017/05/us-sanctions-didnt-stop-russias-election-hacking-even-slow/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gJaBeu summary-item__image"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gJaBeu summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><img alt="US Sanctions Didn't Stop Russia's Election Hacking---Or Even Slow It Down" 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data-offer-url="https://theintercept.com/2017/06/05/top-secret-nsa-report-details-russian-hacking-effort-days-before-2016-election/" class="external-link" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLink","outgoingURL":"https://theintercept.com/2017/06/05/top-secret-nsa-report-details-russian-hacking-effort-days-before-2016-election/"}" href="https://theintercept.com/2017/06/05/top-secret-nsa-report-details-russian-hacking-effort-days-before-2016-election/" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">published</a> a top-secret NSA file outlining how Russian hackers, believed to have been part of the country's GRU military agency, attempted to phish the credentials of employees at VR Systems, a Florida-based tech firm that sells equipment and software used in voting registration. The leak represents the first solid evidence that Russian election hacking has escalated beyond mere political leaks and disinformation to threaten the core systems of America’s voting apparatus.</p><div class="Container-hnJNtl gxMaIG"></div><p class="paywall">"We were all kind of hoping that the election hacking was at the cognitive level: propaganda, doxing, influence operations. But this is proof that they were actually closer to the tactical, technical level," says Kenneth Geers, an ambassador to NATO's Cyber Center who has long followed Russian hacking campaigns. “They were closer to the guts, to the operating system of our democracy, than we knew.”</p><p class="paywall">For Geers and his fellow digital Kremlinologists, the VR Systems attack represents only the latest in a progression of either confirmed or presumed Russian election-hacking tactics they've tracked for years. (And that progression doesn't even necessarily include the Kremlin's regular doses of bot-driven propaganda and misinformation---not true hacking, but disruptive nonetheless.) Here's what we know---and suspect---about Russia's digital attacks on the clockwork of democracy over the last decade.</p><div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="paywall heading-h3">DDOS Attacks</div><p class="paywall">The crudest tool at Russia's disposal for election interference has been to simply knock the opposition's website off the internet. Starting in the late 2000s, pro-Russian hackers bombarded the sites of opposition leaders like Garry Kasparov in the midst of his 2007 campaign for president, keeping Kasparov's site offline or sluggish at key moments during the campaign season. In Russia's 2011 election, the target list expanded to include opposition media outlets like the Moscow Echo, and the election monitoring group Golos.</p><p class="paywall">In all those cases, armies of malware-infected computers <a href="https://www.wired.com/video/2017/05/what-is-a-ddos-hack-and-how-do-you-avoid-them/">flooded the targets with junk traffic</a>, overwhelming the servers that hosted the sites. Around the same time, attacks timed to political campaigns struck the websites of opposition politicians in former Soviet states where Russia maintains deep influence, like Belarus and Ukraine. As with most DODS attacks, it's been tough to definitively trace the original source of those attacks, or prove any government involvement.</p><div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="paywall heading-h3">Spoofed Results</div><p class="paywall">In 2014, one pro-Russian hacker group tried a more fine-tuned approach to political web-hacking. A Russian-speaking hacker operation calling itself CyberBerkut compromised the website of Ukraine's Central Election Commission, and changed the election results it was set to display to declare the winner as ultra-right candidate Dmytro Yarosh. Commission officials spotted the attack less than an hour before the results were set to be released, and prevented the fraudulent version from being shown publicly. Russian state media, apparently coordinating with CyberBerkut, broadcast the fake results regardless.</p><p class="paywall">Aside from that apparent coordination, more recent hints have tied CyberBerkut to the GRU hacker group known as APT28, or Fancy Bear. Cybersecurity researchers at the University of Toronto group Citizen Lab performed an analysis of <a href="https://www.wired.com/2017/05/russian-hackers-using-tainted-leaks-sow-disinformation/">another CyberBerkut operation</a> last year, this one targeting investigative journalist David Satter. They found that the an account that created the phishing link used in that attack had also likely created URLs that security firms ThreatConnect and FireEye previously tied to Fancy Bear.</p><div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="paywall heading-h3">Targeted Leaks</div><p class="paywall">Despite repeated statements from President Trump and his surrogates to the contrary, intelligence agencies and the cybersecurity community today agree almost unanimously that <a href="https://www.wired.com/2017/01/feds-damning-report-russian-election-hack-wont-convince-skeptics/">Russian government hackers stole and leaked</a> a series of Democratic targets in 2016. Those targets included the Democratic National Committee, the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, and the emails of Clinton campaign manager John Podesta. The resulting leaks were published under the fake hacker handle Guccifer 2.0, sent to GOP operatives, and most effectively, shared with <a href="https://www.wired.com/tag/wikileaks">WikiLeaks</a>, which trickled them out during key weeks of the campaign.</p><p class="paywall">All of which represents a far more sophisticated and politically savvy attempt to influence the US democratic process than Russia had attempted previously, says Eric Rosenbach, a former assistant secretary of defense for cybersecurity under the Obama administration. "Three years ago they were spoofing a results page. That’s a low-grade information op," says Rosenbach. "Now they're going after very high profile political targets."</p><div><div class="ConsumerMarketingUnitThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut consumer-marketing-unit consumer-marketing-unit--article-mid-content" role="presentation" aria-hidden="true"><div class="consumer-marketing-unit__slot consumer-marketing-unit__slot--article-mid-content consumer-marketing-unit__slot--in-content"></div><div class="journey-unit"></div></div></div><p class="paywall">And the hack and leak trick may not be limited to the US alone: Hackers also <a href="https://www.wired.com/2017/05/macron-email-hack-french-election/">published gigabytes of leaks</a> from the party of center-left candidate Emmanuel Macron on the eve of the French election, and stole data from Germany's legislative body that hasn't yet been released.</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--item grid-layout__aside"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYBuk fifekH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN 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class="body__inner-container"><p class="paywall">Security firm Trend Micro found that the same APT28 group had crafted phishing links to target Macron's party, as well as the party of German Chancellor Angela Merkel. With the German election coming up in September, more political leaks may be in store. "The Russians are probably still refining their tactics," says Jim Lewis, a cybersecurity-focused fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. "The next big target for them is Germany."</p><div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="paywall heading-h3">Infrastructure Hacking</div><p class="paywall">As revealed in the Intercept's <a data-offer-url="https://theintercept.com/2017/06/05/top-secret-nsa-report-details-russian-hacking-effort-days-before-2016-election/" class="external-link" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLink","outgoingURL":"https://theintercept.com/2017/06/05/top-secret-nsa-report-details-russian-hacking-effort-days-before-2016-election/"}" href="https://theintercept.com/2017/06/05/top-secret-nsa-report-details-russian-hacking-effort-days-before-2016-election/" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">leaked NSA report</a>, hackers believed to be working for Russia's GRU military agency---the same agency tied to the group known as Fancy Bear or APT28---sent phishing emails to VR Systems, the makers of hardware and code used to handle voter sign-ins at polling places in eight US states. Senate Intelligence committee vice chairman Mark Warner followed up <a data-offer-url="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2017/06/06/mark-warner-more-state-election-systems-targeted-by-russians-nsa-senate-intelligence/102549928/" class="external-link" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLink","outgoingURL":"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2017/06/06/mark-warner-more-state-election-systems-targeted-by-russians-nsa-senate-intelligence/102549928/"}" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2017/06/06/mark-warner-more-state-election-systems-targeted-by-russians-nsa-senate-intelligence/102549928/" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">by telling</a> USA Today on Tuesday that the extent of the attacks were in fact much broader than anyone has yet reported. And US intelligence agencies had already implicated the Kremlin for breaches of the websites of the boards of election for Arizona and Illinois.</p><p class="paywall">The NSA report focused on the VR Systems attack, at least, includes no evidence that the phishing attempts were successful. And even if they had been, the disruption that might have ensued would likely have been more effective at casting doubt on the election results than measurably changing its outcome. Warner, too, has said that there's no evidence the 2016 attacks changed actual vote counts.</p><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--in-content"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--in-content" data-node-id="2uhu3k"></div></div><p class="paywall">VR Systems' equipment, it's worth noting, doesn't actually count votes in the first place. Still, University of Pennsylvania computer science professor Matt Blaze has <a data-offer-url="http://www.crypto.com/blog/vote_hacking_by_email/" class="external-link" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLink","outgoingURL":"http://www.crypto.com/blog/vote_hacking_by_email/"}" href="http://www.crypto.com/blog/vote_hacking_by_email/" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">pointed out that the impacted devices could have ended up on the same network used to manage local polling places</a>, leading to potential attacks on voting machines. Even then, America's fragmented state-run voting infrastructure means that meaningfully changing election results would be an unpredictable, unlikely process.</p><p class="paywall">The new leak nonetheless shows that Russian hackers have graduated from mere information and propaganda attacks to techniques designed to more directly tamper with election machinery. CSIS's Lewis argues that other countries may be more vulnerable than the US to that kind of tampering---and the Kremlin may just be getting started. "Russia wants to disrupt and discredit elections in the West. But their long-shot goal is actually to manipulate the outcomes of elections," Lewis says. "In this case, it doesn’t look like they succeeded. But it was just their first try."</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--item grid-layout__aside"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYBuk fifekH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-node-id="zqmxp99"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketingUnitThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut consumer-marketing-unit consumer-marketing-unit--display-rail" role="presentation" aria-hidden="true"><div class="consumer-marketing-unit__slot consumer-marketing-unit__slot--display-rail"></div><div class="journey-unit"></div></div></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholder-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK sjrqk grid grid-margins grid-items-2 PaywallInlineBarrierWithWrapperGrid-fyrGfS kLQIUk grid-layout--adrail narrow wide-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--item grid-layout__content"><div class="body body__inline-barrier article__body"><div class="container container--body"><div class="container--body-inner"><aside class="PaywallInlineBarrierWrapper-iBnuqk lfXXa-D" data-testid="PaywallInlineBarrierWrapper"><div class="ConsumerMarketingUnitThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut consumer-marketing-unit consumer-marketing-unit--paywall-inline-barrier" role="presentation" aria-live="polite" aria-hidden="true"><div class="consumer-marketing-unit__slot consumer-marketing-unit__slot--paywall-inline-barrier"></div><div class="journey-unit"></div></div></aside></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK sjrqk grid grid-margins grid-items-2 ContentWrapperGrid-fvkmBv brYtrA grid-layout--adrail narrow wide-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--item grid-layout__content"><div class="body body__container"><div class="container container--body"><div class="container--body-inner"></div></div></div></div></div></div></article><div class="ContentFooterWrapper-jVNdRG dTJkpP ArticlePageContentFooterGrid-ccsXYy eMZRHU article-body__footer"><div data-testid="RowWrapper" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd RowWrapper-UmqTg iUEiRd HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK sjrqk grid grid-margins grid-items-2 grid-layout--adrail narrow wide-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--item grid-layout__content"><div class="ContributorsWrapper-eNpWFu hYyBes contributors" data-testid="Contributors"><div data-testid="contributor-bio-wrapper" class="ContributorBioWrapper-bnVHbt gukMon"><div class="ContributorBioAvatar-bIGTqf hUHmcH"><a href="/author/andy-greenberg/"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW jvZaPI responsive-asset"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa responsive-image"><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/65e8363c8aa58009f1f54a9b/1:1/w_120,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/65e8363c8aa58009f1f54a9b/1:1/w_240,c_limit/undefined 240w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/65e8363c8aa58009f1f54a9b/1:1/w_120,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/65e8363c8aa58009f1f54a9b/1:1/w_240,c_limit/undefined 240w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/65e8363c8aa58009f1f54a9b/1:1/w_270%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></picture></span></a></div><div class="ContributorBioContent-ubQdr jZTSSi"><div class="ContributorBioHeader-ledood XOIEx"></div><div class="ContributorBioBio-fBolsO kzXQIh"><a href="/author/andy-greenberg/">Andy Greenberg</a> is a senior writer for WIRED covering hacking, cybersecurity, and surveillance. He’s the author of the new book <em>Tracers in the Dark: The Global Hunt for the Crime Lords of Cryptocurrency</em>. His last book was *Sandworm: A New Era of Cyberwar and the Hunt for the Kremlin's Most... <a href="/author/andy-greenberg/">Read more</a></div><div class="ContributorBioFooter-brqDlv dMbIUd"><span class="ContributorBioTitle-kCBbCe cIwSLM">Senior Writer</span><div class="SocialIconsWrapper-hKMEXV ffgPVr social-icons social-icons--standard"><ul data-testid="socialIconslist" class="SocialIconsList-cHVTIA ivmblD social-icons__list"><li class="SocialIconsListItem-dembhR jTjOQe social-icons__list-item social-icons__list-item--twitter social-icons__list-item--standard"><a aria-label="Follow Andy Greenberg on X" class="external-link SocialIconExternalLink-huuzOU cLGRzS social-icons__link social-icons__link--twitter" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLink","outgoingURL":"https://www.twitter.com/a_greenberg"}" href="https://www.twitter.com/a_greenberg" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><div class="SocialIconViewBox-eMKbYd idIJGl social-icons__icon-container"><div 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Keep Your Home Clean","index":0,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-robot-vacuums/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-robot-vacuums/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/6743b88fadae440bffc5f19b/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6743b88fadae440bffc5f19b/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6743b88fadae440bffc5f19b/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6743b88fadae440bffc5f19b/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/6743b88fadae440bffc5f19b/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6743b88fadae440bffc5f19b/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6743b88fadae440bffc5f19b/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6743b88fadae440bffc5f19b/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="The Best Robot Vacuums to Keep Your Home Clean" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/6743b88fadae440bffc5f19b/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-robot-vacuums/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">The Best Robot Vacuums to Keep Your Home Clean</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">Whether you’re up against pet hair or you want to splurge on a high-end laser-guided robot vacuum, we have the perfect pick for you.</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name">Adrienne So</span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff rdDmT summary-item summary-item--GALLERY summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-text-below summary-item--layout-position-image-left summary-item--layout-proportions-50-50 summary-item--side-by-side-align-center summary-item--side-by-side-image-right-mobile-false summary-item--standard SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT" data-item="{"dangerousHed":"The Best Android Phones, Tested and Reviewed","index":1,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-android-phones/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-android-phones/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/672fc6f6100dd4ae80a8ab56/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fc6f6100dd4ae80a8ab56/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fc6f6100dd4ae80a8ab56/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fc6f6100dd4ae80a8ab56/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/672fc6f6100dd4ae80a8ab56/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fc6f6100dd4ae80a8ab56/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fc6f6100dd4ae80a8ab56/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fc6f6100dd4ae80a8ab56/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="The Best Android Phones, Tested and Reviewed" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/672fc6f6100dd4ae80a8ab56/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-2" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-android-phones/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">The Best Android Phones, Tested and Reviewed</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">Shopping for a phone can be an ordeal. That’s why we’ve tested almost every Android phone, from the smartest to the cheapest—even phones that fold—to find those worth your money.</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name">Julian Chokkattu</span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff rdDmT summary-item summary-item--GALLERY summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-text-below summary-item--layout-position-image-left summary-item--layout-proportions-50-50 summary-item--side-by-side-align-center summary-item--side-by-side-image-right-mobile-false summary-item--standard SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT" data-item="{"dangerousHed":"The Best MagSafe Wallets","index":2,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-magsafe-wallets/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-magsafe-wallets/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/673d04af6a6dcbad027c6553/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673d04af6a6dcbad027c6553/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673d04af6a6dcbad027c6553/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673d04af6a6dcbad027c6553/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/673d04af6a6dcbad027c6553/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673d04af6a6dcbad027c6553/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673d04af6a6dcbad027c6553/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673d04af6a6dcbad027c6553/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="The Best MagSafe Wallets" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/673d04af6a6dcbad027c6553/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-3" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-magsafe-wallets/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">The Best MagSafe Wallets</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">These convenient and slim magnetic wallets stick to the back of your smartphone.</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name">Brenda Stolyar</span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT ad ad--read-more"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--read-more" data-node-id="1m8ykb"></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff rdDmT summary-item summary-item--GALLERY summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-text-below summary-item--layout-position-image-left summary-item--layout-proportions-50-50 summary-item--side-by-side-align-center summary-item--side-by-side-image-right-mobile-false summary-item--standard SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT" data-item="{"dangerousHed":"The Best Travel Mugs That Keep Your Coffee Hot and You Happy","index":3,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-travel-mugs/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-travel-mugs/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/673bcd436a7034ec62374ca9/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673bcd436a7034ec62374ca9/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673bcd436a7034ec62374ca9/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673bcd436a7034ec62374ca9/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/673bcd436a7034ec62374ca9/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673bcd436a7034ec62374ca9/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673bcd436a7034ec62374ca9/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673bcd436a7034ec62374ca9/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="The Best Travel Mugs That Keep Your Coffee Hot and You Happy" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/673bcd436a7034ec62374ca9/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-4" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-travel-mugs/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">The Best Travel Mugs That Keep Your Coffee Hot and You Happy</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">Goodbye lukewarm beverages. These are the top insulated travel mugs we tested and love to keep our hot drinks toasty and our cold ones refreshing.</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name">Boutayna Chokrane </span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff rdDmT summary-item summary-item--GALLERY summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-text-below summary-item--layout-position-image-left summary-item--layout-proportions-50-50 summary-item--side-by-side-align-center summary-item--side-by-side-image-right-mobile-false summary-item--standard SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT" data-item="{"dangerousHed":"The 5 Best Sunrise Alarms to Help You Rise and Shine","index":4,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-sunrise-alarm-clocks/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-sunrise-alarm-clocks/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-5" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/66e8a93f60b097c88e51a0f5/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66e8a93f60b097c88e51a0f5/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66e8a93f60b097c88e51a0f5/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66e8a93f60b097c88e51a0f5/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/66e8a93f60b097c88e51a0f5/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66e8a93f60b097c88e51a0f5/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66e8a93f60b097c88e51a0f5/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66e8a93f60b097c88e51a0f5/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="The 5 Best Sunrise Alarms to Help You Rise and Shine" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/66e8a93f60b097c88e51a0f5/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-5" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-5" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-sunrise-alarm-clocks/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">The 5 Best Sunrise Alarms to Help You Rise and Shine</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">If you want to wake up with the sun but aren’t a morning person, these bedside devices can simulate a sunrise whenever you want to rouse for the day (and a sunset, too).</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name"> Nena Farrell </span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff rdDmT summary-item summary-item--GALLERY summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-text-below summary-item--layout-position-image-left summary-item--layout-proportions-50-50 summary-item--side-by-side-align-center summary-item--side-by-side-image-right-mobile-false summary-item--standard SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT" data-item="{"dangerousHed":"The Best Smart Rings to Rule Them All","index":5,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-smart-rings/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-smart-rings/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-6" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/66d46dd4298ec07a72fc5a7e/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66d46dd4298ec07a72fc5a7e/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66d46dd4298ec07a72fc5a7e/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66d46dd4298ec07a72fc5a7e/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/66d46dd4298ec07a72fc5a7e/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66d46dd4298ec07a72fc5a7e/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66d46dd4298ec07a72fc5a7e/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/66d46dd4298ec07a72fc5a7e/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="The Best Smart Rings to Rule Them All" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/66d46dd4298ec07a72fc5a7e/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-6" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-6" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-smart-rings/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">The Best Smart Rings to Rule Them All</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">A svelte smart ring can track important health metrics and doesn't need to be charged every day.</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name">Simon Hill</span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff rdDmT summary-item summary-item--GALLERY summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-text-below summary-item--layout-position-image-left summary-item--layout-proportions-50-50 summary-item--side-by-side-align-center summary-item--side-by-side-image-right-mobile-false summary-item--standard SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT" data-item="{"dangerousHed":"27 Gifts for the Best Mom You Know","index":6,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/gifts-for-moms/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/gifts-for-moms/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-7" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/672fb606e8674abd935a7b5a/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fb606e8674abd935a7b5a/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fb606e8674abd935a7b5a/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fb606e8674abd935a7b5a/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/672fb606e8674abd935a7b5a/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fb606e8674abd935a7b5a/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fb606e8674abd935a7b5a/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/672fb606e8674abd935a7b5a/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="27 Gifts for the Best Mom You Know" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/672fb606e8674abd935a7b5a/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-7" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-7" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/gifts-for-moms/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">27 Gifts for the Best Mom You Know</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">There are many kinds of mothers, but these are our favorite picks for the WIRED mom in your life.</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name"> Nena Farrell </span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff rdDmT summary-item summary-item--GALLERY summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-text-below summary-item--layout-position-image-left summary-item--layout-proportions-50-50 summary-item--side-by-side-align-center summary-item--side-by-side-image-right-mobile-false summary-item--standard SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT" data-item="{"dangerousHed":"The Best Barefoot Shoes for Walking or Running","index":7,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-barefoot-shoes/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-barefoot-shoes/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-8" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/6629939ea620d99a9e8ea912/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6629939ea620d99a9e8ea912/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6629939ea620d99a9e8ea912/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6629939ea620d99a9e8ea912/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/6629939ea620d99a9e8ea912/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6629939ea620d99a9e8ea912/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6629939ea620d99a9e8ea912/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6629939ea620d99a9e8ea912/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="The Best Barefoot Shoes for Walking or Running" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/6629939ea620d99a9e8ea912/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-8" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-8" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-barefoot-shoes/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">The Best Barefoot Shoes for Walking or Running</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">Our favorite zero-drop, minimalist footwear will let you feel the ground beneath your feet.</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name">Scott Gilbertson</span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff rdDmT summary-item summary-item--GALLERY summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-text-below summary-item--layout-position-image-left summary-item--layout-proportions-50-50 summary-item--side-by-side-align-center summary-item--side-by-side-image-right-mobile-false summary-item--standard SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT" data-item="{"dangerousHed":"The Best Kindles to Take Your Library Anywhere","index":8,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-kindle/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-kindle/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-9" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/6710fd998ef4d02eeca1ae33/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6710fd998ef4d02eeca1ae33/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6710fd998ef4d02eeca1ae33/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6710fd998ef4d02eeca1ae33/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/6710fd998ef4d02eeca1ae33/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6710fd998ef4d02eeca1ae33/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6710fd998ef4d02eeca1ae33/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6710fd998ef4d02eeca1ae33/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="The Best Kindles to Take Your Library Anywhere" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/6710fd998ef4d02eeca1ae33/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-9" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-9" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-kindle/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">The Best Kindles to Take Your Library Anywhere</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">Here’s how Amazon’s ebook readers stack up—and which one might be right for you.</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name">Brenda Stolyar</span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff rdDmT summary-item summary-item--GALLERY summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-text-below summary-item--layout-position-image-left summary-item--layout-proportions-50-50 summary-item--side-by-side-align-center summary-item--side-by-side-image-right-mobile-false summary-item--standard SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT" data-item="{"dangerousHed":"The Best Cozy Games for Long, Cold Nights","index":9,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-cozy-games/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-cozy-games/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-10" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/65af054e76bf0a8de8663f6b/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/65af054e76bf0a8de8663f6b/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/65af054e76bf0a8de8663f6b/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/65af054e76bf0a8de8663f6b/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/65af054e76bf0a8de8663f6b/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/65af054e76bf0a8de8663f6b/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/65af054e76bf0a8de8663f6b/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/65af054e76bf0a8de8663f6b/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="The Best Cozy Games for Long, Cold Nights" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/65af054e76bf0a8de8663f6b/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-10" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-10" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/best-cozy-games/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">The Best Cozy Games for Long, Cold Nights</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">Forget stressful leaderboards and time-sensitive missions. These games let you play at your own pace.</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name">Louryn Strampe</span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff rdDmT summary-item summary-item--GALLERY summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-text-below summary-item--layout-position-image-left summary-item--layout-proportions-50-50 summary-item--side-by-side-align-center summary-item--side-by-side-image-right-mobile-false summary-item--standard SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT" data-item="{"dangerousHed":"The Best Tablets for Work and Play","index":10,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/the-best-tablets/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/the-best-tablets/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-11" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/673fc17b37facb64c2030834/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673fc17b37facb64c2030834/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673fc17b37facb64c2030834/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673fc17b37facb64c2030834/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/673fc17b37facb64c2030834/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673fc17b37facb64c2030834/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673fc17b37facb64c2030834/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/673fc17b37facb64c2030834/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="The Best Tablets for Work and Play" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/673fc17b37facb64c2030834/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-11" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-11" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/the-best-tablets/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">The Best Tablets for Work and Play</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">We’ve tested all the top slates, from Apple’s iPads to Android and Windows devices, and rounded up our favorites.</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name">Julian Chokkattu</span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff rdDmT summary-item summary-item--GALLERY summary-item--no-icon summary-item--text-align-left summary-item--layout-placement-text-below summary-item--layout-position-image-left summary-item--layout-proportions-50-50 summary-item--side-by-side-align-center summary-item--side-by-side-image-right-mobile-false summary-item--standard SummaryCollectionGridSummaryItem-WColm fMpfiT" data-item="{"dangerousHed":"The Best Kids’ Headphones for Sensitive Little Ears","index":11,"contentType":"venue","hotelLink":"https://www.wired.com/gallery/the-best-kids-headphones/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1","layout":"GridFourColumns"}" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContainer-gwhFFH ogpYq summary-item__asset-container"><a class="SummaryItemImageLink-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-item__image-link summary-item-tracking__image-link" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/the-best-kids-headphones/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-image-12" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB responsive-asset SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image"><div data-testid="aspect-ratio-container" class="AspectRatioContainer-bJHpJz gKnDpj"><div class="aspect-ratio--overlay-container"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemResponsiveAsset-hjGIGg gPGLdl summary-item__image responsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/6738fa14d0158dd853b17ea3/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6738fa14d0158dd853b17ea3/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6738fa14d0158dd853b17ea3/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6738fa14d0158dd853b17ea3/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://media.wired.com/photos/6738fa14d0158dd853b17ea3/16:9/w_120,h_450,c_limit/undefined 120w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6738fa14d0158dd853b17ea3/16:9/w_240,h_450,c_limit/undefined 240w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6738fa14d0158dd853b17ea3/16:9/w_320,h_450,c_limit/undefined 320w, https://media.wired.com/photos/6738fa14d0158dd853b17ea3/16:9/w_640,h_450,c_limit/undefined 640w" sizes="100vw"/><img alt="The Best Kids’ Headphones for Sensitive Little Ears" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="https://media.wired.com/photos/6738fa14d0158dd853b17ea3/16:9/w_800%2Ch_450%2Cc_limit/undefined"/></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ePPNpk summary-item__content summary-item__content--no-rubric"><a class="SummaryItemHedLink-civMjp ejgyuy summary-item-tracking__hed-link summary-item__hed-link bottom_recirc-12" data-component-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="item-hed-12" data-recirc-pattern="summary-item" href="https://www.wired.com/gallery/the-best-kids-headphones/#intcid=_wired-article-bottom-recirc_291ae23f-8e2e-4500-b27a-027dc8427cb4_text2vec1_fallback_popular4-1" target="_self"><div data-testid="ClampWrapper" class="ClampWrapper-kZxfkB hTTNGO clamp SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ hoOgAQ summary-item__hed"><div class="ClampContent-hilPkr edMVKv"><div class="SummaryItemHedTag-TWblf gxaOcP" data-testid="SummaryItemHed">The Best Kids’ Headphones for Sensitive Little Ears</div></div></div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd ecrdiQ gdwdpa summary-item__dek summary-item__dek--extra-spacing">If you use screens for work and play, your child probably does too. These are the best headphones we’ve bought and tested for our own kids.</div><div class="SummaryItemBylineWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-item__byline-date-icon"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByline-fFbXkY gHgYpX summary-item__byline"><div class="summary-item__byline__content"><div data-testid="BylinesWrapper" class="BylinesWrapper-KIudk cdSbAY bylines"><span class="BylineWrapper-jWHrLH eedAre byline bylines__byline" data-testid="BylineWrapper" itemProp="author" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemProp="name" class="BylineNamesWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-testid="BylineName" class="BylineName-kwmrLn cYaBcc byline__name">Simon Hill</span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryCollectionGridToActionWrapper-gnReGN eGayfk"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div data-testid="RowWrapper" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd RowWrapper-UmqTg iUEiRd HEhan"><div class="TaboolaWrapper-hMVdpE iYfBhy"><div class="TaboolaWidgetWrapper-egPIjc hkSrgt TaboolaWidget-eUSdED hQCCRa" data-testid="TaboolaWidgetWrapper"><div class="TaboolaWidgetContent-iBEQTO eXroXG TABOOLA" id="taboola-below-article-thumbnails" data-testid="TaboolaWidgetContent"></div></div></div></div><div data-testid="RowWrapper" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd RowWrapper-UmqTg iUEiRd HEhan"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--footer should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--footer" data-node-id="kwefpi"></div></div></div></div></div></main><div class="BasePageMainFooterFiller-hTlZph jSriYf page__main-footer-filler"></div><div data-testid="RowWrapper" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd RowWrapper-UmqTg jfKMyp HEhan"><div class="ConsumerMarketingUnitThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut consumer-marketing-unit consumer-marketing-unit--cm-footer" role="presentation" aria-hidden="true"><div class="consumer-marketing-unit__slot consumer-marketing-unit__slot--cm-footer"></div><div class="journey-unit"></div></div></div><div data-testid="RowWrapper" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd RowWrapper-UmqTg iUEiRd HEhan BasePageSiteFooterRow-kpEBGH jqlJed"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK jXvsWG grid grid-margins grid-items-0 BasePageSiteFooterRowGrid-iBGjXL zQNeb"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--item"><footer class="SiteFooterWrapper-bXjkRY kRZClI site-footer--with-store" data-testid="site-footer-wrapper"><div class="SiteFooterGridNoMargins-jSrXSj cQgGDp" data-testid="SiteFooterGridNoMargins"><div class="SiteFooterBrandInfo-cdoqKy gbtTQg"><div class="SiteFooterLogo-eYlNHY eigdAF site-footer__logo"><a href="/"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW jvZaPI responsive-asset SiteFooterLogoResponsiveAsset-ckjzWk kubVDn site-footer__responsive-image"><picture class="ResponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SiteFooterLogoResponsiveAsset-ckjzWk kubVDn site-footer__responsive-image responsive-image"><img alt="WIRED" class="ResponsiveImageContainer-eybHBd fptoWY responsive-image__image" src="/verso/static/wired-us/assets/logo-reverse.svg" srcSet="" sizes="100vw"/></picture></span></a></div><div data-testid="SiteFooterAbout" class="SiteFooterAbout-lflfWa hmWCBj"><div class="SiteFooterAboutText-XXKBX blTbmF">WIRED is where tomorrow is realized. 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foreign elections shows disturbing progress.","head.social.opinion":"false","head.jsonld":[{"@context":"http:\u002F\u002Fschema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","articleBody":"Even now, nearly a year after news first broke that Russian hackers had breached the Democratic National Committee and published its internal files, a leaked NSA document pointing to Russian attempts to hack a voting-tech firm has again redefined the scope of the threat. Taken with the recent history of Russia's digital fingerprints on foreign elections, it points to a disturbing trend: Moscow's habit of hacking democratic processes has only gotten more aggressive and technically focused over time.\nThis week, the national-security-focused news outlet the Intercept published a top-secret NSA file outlining how Russian hackers, believed to have been part of the country's GRU military agency, attempted to phish the credentials of employees at VR Systems, a Florida-based tech firm that sells equipment and software used in voting registration. The leak represents the first solid evidence that Russian election hacking has escalated beyond mere political leaks and disinformation to threaten the core systems of America’s voting apparatus.\n\"We were all kind of hoping that the election hacking was at the cognitive level: propaganda, doxing, influence operations. But this is proof that they were actually closer to the tactical, technical level,\" says Kenneth Geers, an ambassador to NATO's Cyber Center who has long followed Russian hacking campaigns. “They were closer to the guts, to the operating system of our democracy, than we knew.”\nFor Geers and his fellow digital Kremlinologists, the VR Systems attack represents only the latest in a progression of either confirmed or presumed Russian election-hacking tactics they've tracked for years. (And that progression doesn't even necessarily include the Kremlin's regular doses of bot-driven propaganda and misinformation---not true hacking, but disruptive nonetheless.) Here's what we know---and suspect---about Russia's digital attacks on the clockwork of democracy over the last decade.\nDDOS Attacks\nThe crudest tool at Russia's disposal for election interference has been to simply knock the opposition's website off the internet. Starting in the late 2000s, pro-Russian hackers bombarded the sites of opposition leaders like Garry Kasparov in the midst of his 2007 campaign for president, keeping Kasparov's site offline or sluggish at key moments during the campaign season. In Russia's 2011 election, the target list expanded to include opposition media outlets like the Moscow Echo, and the election monitoring group Golos.\nIn all those cases, armies of malware-infected computers flooded the targets with junk traffic, overwhelming the servers that hosted the sites. Around the same time, attacks timed to political campaigns struck the websites of opposition politicians in former Soviet states where Russia maintains deep influence, like Belarus and Ukraine. As with most DODS attacks, it's been tough to definitively trace the original source of those attacks, or prove any government involvement.\nSpoofed Results\nIn 2014, one pro-Russian hacker group tried a more fine-tuned approach to political web-hacking. A Russian-speaking hacker operation calling itself CyberBerkut compromised the website of Ukraine's Central Election Commission, and changed the election results it was set to display to declare the winner as ultra-right candidate Dmytro Yarosh. Commission officials spotted the attack less than an hour before the results were set to be released, and prevented the fraudulent version from being shown publicly. Russian state media, apparently coordinating with CyberBerkut, broadcast the fake results regardless.\nAside from that apparent coordination, more recent hints have tied CyberBerkut to the GRU hacker group known as APT28, or Fancy Bear. Cybersecurity researchers at the University of Toronto group Citizen Lab performed an analysis of another CyberBerkut operation last year, this one targeting investigative journalist David Satter. They found that the an account that created the phishing link used in that attack had also likely created URLs that security firms ThreatConnect and FireEye previously tied to Fancy Bear.\nTargeted Leaks\nDespite repeated statements from President Trump and his surrogates to the contrary, intelligence agencies and the cybersecurity community today agree almost unanimously that Russian government hackers stole and leaked a series of Democratic targets in 2016. Those targets included the Democratic National Committee, the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, and the emails of Clinton campaign manager John Podesta. The resulting leaks were published under the fake hacker handle Guccifer 2.0, sent to GOP operatives, and most effectively, shared with WikiLeaks, which trickled them out during key weeks of the campaign.\nAll of which represents a far more sophisticated and politically savvy attempt to influence the US democratic process than Russia had attempted previously, says Eric Rosenbach, a former assistant secretary of defense for cybersecurity under the Obama administration. \"Three years ago they were spoofing a results page. That’s a low-grade information op,\" says Rosenbach. \"Now they're going after very high profile political targets.\"\nAnd the hack and leak trick may not be limited to the US alone: Hackers also published gigabytes of leaks from the party of center-left candidate Emmanuel Macron on the eve of the French election, and stole data from Germany's legislative body that hasn't yet been released.\nSecurity firm Trend Micro found that the same APT28 group had crafted phishing links to target Macron's party, as well as the party of German Chancellor Angela Merkel. With the German election coming up in September, more political leaks may be in store. \"The Russians are probably still refining their tactics,\" says Jim Lewis, a cybersecurity-focused fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. \"The next big target for them is Germany.\"\nInfrastructure Hacking\nAs revealed in the Intercept's leaked NSA report, hackers believed to be working for Russia's GRU military agency---the same agency tied to the group known as Fancy Bear or APT28---sent phishing emails to VR Systems, the makers of hardware and code used to handle voter sign-ins at polling places in eight US states. Senate Intelligence committee vice chairman Mark Warner followed up by telling USA Today on Tuesday that the extent of the attacks were in fact much broader than anyone has yet reported. And US intelligence agencies had already implicated the Kremlin for breaches of the websites of the boards of election for Arizona and Illinois.\nThe NSA report focused on the VR Systems attack, at least, includes no evidence that the phishing attempts were successful. And even if they had been, the disruption that might have ensued would likely have been more effective at casting doubt on the election results than measurably changing its outcome. Warner, too, has said that there's no evidence the 2016 attacks changed actual vote counts.\nVR Systems' equipment, it's worth noting, doesn't actually count votes in the first place. Still, University of Pennsylvania computer science professor Matt Blaze has pointed out that the impacted devices could have ended up on the same network used to manage local polling places, leading to potential attacks on voting machines. Even then, America's fragmented state-run voting infrastructure means that meaningfully changing election results would be an unpredictable, unlikely process.\nThe new leak nonetheless shows that Russian hackers have graduated from mere information and propaganda attacks to techniques designed to more directly tamper with election machinery. CSIS's Lewis argues that other countries may be more vulnerable than the US to that kind of tampering---and the Kremlin may just be getting started. \"Russia wants to disrupt and discredit elections in the West. But their long-shot goal is actually to manipulate the outcomes of elections,\" Lewis says. \"In this case, it doesn’t look like they succeeded. But it was just their first try.\"","isBasedOn":"","articleSection":"security","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andy Greenberg","sameAs":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002Fauthor\u002Fandy-greenberg\u002F"}],"dateModified":"2017-06-09T07:00:00.000-04:00","datePublished":"2017-06-09T07:00:00.000-04:00","headline":"How Russia Hacks Elections in the US and Around the World","image":["https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.wired.com\u002Fphotos\u002F593ec585c7be955a3e3d25dc\u002F16:9\u002Fw_2128,h_1197,c_limit\u002FRussiaElection-HP.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.wired.com\u002Fphotos\u002F593ec585c7be955a3e3d25dc\u002F4:3\u002Fw_1600,h_1200,c_limit\u002FRussiaElection-HP.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.wired.com\u002Fphotos\u002F593ec585c7be955a3e3d25dc\u002F1:1\u002Fw_1200,h_1200,c_limit\u002FRussiaElection-HP.jpg"],"keywords":["security","russia","hacks","election hacking","web"],"thumbnailUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.wired.com\u002Fphotos\u002F593ec585c7be955a3e3d25dc\u002F1:1\u002Fw_1200,h_1200,c_limit\u002FRussiaElection-HP.jpg","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002Fstory\u002Frussia-election-hacking-playbook\u002F","isPartOf":{"@type":"CreativeWork","name":"WIRED"},"isAccessibleForFree":true,"alternativeHeadline":"A brief history of Russia's digital meddling in foreign elections shows disturbing progress.","description":"A brief history of Russia's digital meddling in foreign elections shows disturbing progress.","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002Fstory\u002Frussia-election-hacking-playbook\u002F"},"publisher":{"@context":"https:\u002F\u002Fschema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"WIRED","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002Fverso\u002Fstatic\u002Fwired-us\u002Fassets\u002Fnewsletter-signup-hub.jpg","width":"500px","height":"100px"},"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com"}},{"@context":"https:\u002F\u002Fschema.org\u002F","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Security","item":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002Fsecurity\u002F"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Russia","item":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002Ftag\u002Frussia\u002F"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Everything We Know About Russia's Election-Hacking Playbook"}]}],"head.contentID":"59385e1909f4ce09698efd97","head.pageType":"article","head.photos":{"image-16-9":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.wired.com\u002Fphotos\u002F593ec585c7be955a3e3d25dc\u002F16:9\u002Fw_1000,c_limit\u002FRussiaElection-HP.jpg","image-1-1":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.wired.com\u002Fphotos\u002F593ec585c7be955a3e3d25dc\u002F1:1\u002Fw_1000,c_limit\u002FRussiaElection-HP.jpg"},"head.firstPublishDate":"2017-06-09T11:00:00.000Z","head.primaryTagsRoot":"tags","head.hasSponsoredContent":false,"head.modifiedDate":"2017-06-09T11:00:00.000Z","head.noIndex":false,"linkBannerData":{"bannerType":"marquee","dek":"","hed":"","image":{},"links":[],"tracking":{"trackingIdentifier":"","attributes":{}}},"linkBannerId":[],"navigation":{"aboutText":"WIRED is where tomorrow is realized. 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been part of the country's GRU military agency, attempted to phish the credentials of employees at VR Systems, a Florida-based tech firm that sells equipment and software used in voting registration. The leak represents the first solid evidence that Russian election hacking has escalated beyond mere political leaks and disinformation to threaten the core systems of America’s voting apparatus."],["inline-embed",{"type":"cneinterlude","props":{"brand":"wired","embeddedVideos":[],"hasExcludedEmbed":false,"playerBase":"https:\u002F\u002Fplayer.cnevids.com","isTitleBelowVideo":true,"isTitleLeftAligned":true,"isRailEligible":false,"isRightRail":false,"relatedVideo":{"showRelatedVideo":true,"brand":"wired","related":null,"pageSize":12}}}],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"\"We were all kind of hoping that the election hacking was at the cognitive level: propaganda, doxing, influence operations. But this is proof that they were actually closer to the tactical, technical level,\" says Kenneth Geers, an ambassador to NATO's Cyber Center who has long followed Russian hacking campaigns. “They were closer to the guts, to the operating system of our democracy, than we knew.”"],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"For Geers and his fellow digital Kremlinologists, the VR Systems attack represents only the latest in a progression of either confirmed or presumed Russian election-hacking tactics they've tracked for years. (And that progression doesn't even necessarily include the Kremlin's regular doses of bot-driven propaganda and misinformation---not true hacking, but disruptive nonetheless.) Here's what we know---and suspect---about Russia's digital attacks on the clockwork of democracy over the last decade."],["div",{"class":"paywall heading-h3","role":"heading","aria-level":"3"},"DDOS Attacks"],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"The crudest tool at Russia's disposal for election interference has been to simply knock the opposition's website off the internet. Starting in the late 2000s, pro-Russian hackers bombarded the sites of opposition leaders like Garry Kasparov in the midst of his 2007 campaign for president, keeping Kasparov's site offline or sluggish at key moments during the campaign season. In Russia's 2011 election, the target list expanded to include opposition media outlets like the Moscow Echo, and the election monitoring group Golos."],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"In all those cases, armies of malware-infected computers ",["a",{"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002Fvideo\u002F2017\u002F05\u002Fwhat-is-a-ddos-hack-and-how-do-you-avoid-them\u002F","isExternal":false},"flooded the targets with junk traffic"],", overwhelming the servers that hosted the sites. Around the same time, attacks timed to political campaigns struck the websites of opposition politicians in former Soviet states where Russia maintains deep influence, like Belarus and Ukraine. As with most DODS attacks, it's been tough to definitively trace the original source of those attacks, or prove any government involvement."],["div",{"class":"paywall heading-h3","role":"heading","aria-level":"3"},"Spoofed Results"],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"In 2014, one pro-Russian hacker group tried a more fine-tuned approach to political web-hacking. A Russian-speaking hacker operation calling itself CyberBerkut compromised the website of Ukraine's Central Election Commission, and changed the election results it was set to display to declare the winner as ultra-right candidate Dmytro Yarosh. Commission officials spotted the attack less than an hour before the results were set to be released, and prevented the fraudulent version from being shown publicly. Russian state media, apparently coordinating with CyberBerkut, broadcast the fake results regardless."],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"Aside from that apparent coordination, more recent hints have tied CyberBerkut to the GRU hacker group known as APT28, or Fancy Bear. Cybersecurity researchers at the University of Toronto group Citizen Lab performed an analysis of ",["a",{"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002F2017\u002F05\u002Frussian-hackers-using-tainted-leaks-sow-disinformation\u002F","isExternal":false},"another CyberBerkut operation"]," last year, this one targeting investigative journalist David Satter. They found that the an account that created the phishing link used in that attack had also likely created URLs that security firms ThreatConnect and FireEye previously tied to Fancy Bear."],["div",{"class":"paywall heading-h3","role":"heading","aria-level":"3"},"Targeted Leaks"],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"Despite repeated statements from President Trump and his surrogates to the contrary, intelligence agencies and the cybersecurity community today agree almost unanimously that ",["a",{"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002F2017\u002F01\u002Ffeds-damning-report-russian-election-hack-wont-convince-skeptics\u002F","isExternal":false},"Russian government hackers stole and leaked"]," a series of Democratic targets in 2016. Those targets included the Democratic National Committee, the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, and the emails of Clinton campaign manager John Podesta. The resulting leaks were published under the fake hacker handle Guccifer 2.0, sent to GOP operatives, and most effectively, shared with ",["a",{"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002Ftag\u002Fwikileaks","isExternal":false},"WikiLeaks"],", which trickled them out during key weeks of the campaign."],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"All of which represents a far more sophisticated and politically savvy attempt to influence the US democratic process than Russia had attempted previously, says Eric Rosenbach, a former assistant secretary of defense for cybersecurity under the Obama administration. \"Three years ago they were spoofing a results page. That’s a low-grade information op,\" says Rosenbach. \"Now they're going after very high profile political targets.\""],["cm-unit"],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"And the hack and leak trick may not be limited to the US alone: Hackers also ",["a",{"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002F2017\u002F05\u002Fmacron-email-hack-french-election\u002F","isExternal":false},"published gigabytes of leaks"]," from the party of center-left candidate Emmanuel Macron on the eve of the French election, and stole data from Germany's legislative body that hasn't yet been released."],["ad",{"position":"mid-content"}],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"Security firm Trend Micro found that the same APT28 group had crafted phishing links to target Macron's party, as well as the party of German Chancellor Angela Merkel. With the German election coming up in September, more political leaks may be in store. \"The Russians are probably still refining their tactics,\" says Jim Lewis, a cybersecurity-focused fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. \"The next big target for them is Germany.\""],["div",{"class":"paywall heading-h3","role":"heading","aria-level":"3"},"Infrastructure Hacking"],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"As revealed in the Intercept's ",["a",{"href":"https:\u002F\u002Ftheintercept.com\u002F2017\u002F06\u002F05\u002Ftop-secret-nsa-report-details-russian-hacking-effort-days-before-2016-election\u002F","rel":"nofollow noopener","attributes":{"data-offer-url":"https:\u002F\u002Ftheintercept.com\u002F2017\u002F06\u002F05\u002Ftop-secret-nsa-report-details-russian-hacking-effort-days-before-2016-election\u002F"},"isExternal":true},"leaked NSA report"],", hackers believed to be working for Russia's GRU military agency---the same agency tied to the group known as Fancy Bear or APT28---sent phishing emails to VR Systems, the makers of hardware and code used to handle voter sign-ins at polling places in eight US states. Senate Intelligence committee vice chairman Mark Warner followed up ",["a",{"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.usatoday.com\u002Fstory\u002Fnews\u002Fpolitics\u002F2017\u002F06\u002F06\u002Fmark-warner-more-state-election-systems-targeted-by-russians-nsa-senate-intelligence\u002F102549928\u002F","rel":"nofollow noopener","attributes":{"data-offer-url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.usatoday.com\u002Fstory\u002Fnews\u002Fpolitics\u002F2017\u002F06\u002F06\u002Fmark-warner-more-state-election-systems-targeted-by-russians-nsa-senate-intelligence\u002F102549928\u002F"},"isExternal":true},"by telling"]," USA Today on Tuesday that the extent of the attacks were in fact much broader than anyone has yet reported. And US intelligence agencies had already implicated the Kremlin for breaches of the websites of the boards of election for Arizona and Illinois."],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"The NSA report focused on the VR Systems attack, at least, includes no evidence that the phishing attempts were successful. And even if they had been, the disruption that might have ensued would likely have been more effective at casting doubt on the election results than measurably changing its outcome. Warner, too, has said that there's no evidence the 2016 attacks changed actual vote counts."],["native-ad",{"position":"in-content","shouldDisplayLabel":true}],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"VR Systems' equipment, it's worth noting, doesn't actually count votes in the first place. Still, University of Pennsylvania computer science professor Matt Blaze has ",["a",{"href":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.crypto.com\u002Fblog\u002Fvote_hacking_by_email\u002F","rel":"nofollow noopener","attributes":{"data-offer-url":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.crypto.com\u002Fblog\u002Fvote_hacking_by_email\u002F"},"isExternal":true},"pointed out that the impacted devices could have ended up on the same network used to manage local polling places"],", leading to potential attacks on voting machines. Even then, America's fragmented state-run voting infrastructure means that meaningfully changing election results would be an unpredictable, unlikely process."],["p",{"class":"paywall"},"The new leak nonetheless shows that Russian hackers have graduated from mere information and propaganda attacks to techniques designed to more directly tamper with election machinery. CSIS's Lewis argues that other countries may be more vulnerable than the US to that kind of tampering---and the Kremlin may just be getting started. \"Russia wants to disrupt and discredit elections in the West. But their long-shot goal is actually to manipulate the outcomes of elections,\" Lewis says. \"In this case, it doesn’t look like they succeeded. 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