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Alamirew</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Tesfaye Alamirew"> <meta name="keywords" content="Tesfaye Alamirew"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Tesfaye Alamirew"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 45</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Tesfaye Alamirew</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Model Predictive Controller for Pasteurization Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Alamirew%20Dessie">Tesfaye Alamirew Dessie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our study focuses on developing a Model Predictive Controller (MPC) and evaluating it against a traditional PID for a pasteurization process. Utilizing system identification from the experimental data, the dynamics of the pasteurization process were calculated. Using best fit with data validation, residual, and stability analysis, the quality of several model architectures was evaluated. The validation data fit the auto-regressive with exogenous input (ARX322) model of the pasteurization process by roughly 80.37 percent. The ARX322 model structure was used to create MPC and PID control techniques. After comparing controller performance based on settling time, overshoot percentage, and stability analysis, it was found that MPC controllers outperform PID for those parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPC" title="MPC">MPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PID" title=" PID"> PID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARX" title=" ARX"> ARX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pasteurization" title=" pasteurization"> pasteurization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154469/model-predictive-controller-for-pasteurization-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Graphen-Based Nanocomposites for Glucose and Ethanol Enzymatic Biosensor Fabrication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Alamirew">Tesfaye Alamirew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Delele%20Worku"> Delele Worku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solomon%20W.%20Fanta"> Solomon W. Fanta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigus%20Gabbiye"> Nigus Gabbiye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently graphen based nanocomposites are become an emerging research areas for fabrication of enzymatic biosensors due to their property of large surface area, conductivity and biocompatibility. This review summarizes recent research reports of graphen based nanocomposites for the fabrication of glucose and ethanol enzymatic biosensors. The newly fabricated enzyme free microwave treated nitrogen doped graphen (MN-d-GR) had provided highest sensitivity towards glucose and GCE/rGO/AuNPs/ADH composite had provided far highest sensitivity towards ethanol compared to other reported graphen based nanocomposites. The MWCNT/GO/GOx and GCE/ErGO/PTH/ADH nanocomposites had also enhanced wide linear range for glucose and ethanol detection respectively. Generally, graphen based nanocomposite enzymatic biosensors had fast direct electron transfer rate, highest sensitivity and wide linear detection ranges during glucose and ethanol sensing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose" title="glucose">glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanol" title=" ethanol"> ethanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzymatic%20biosensor" title=" enzymatic biosensor"> enzymatic biosensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphen" title=" graphen"> graphen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposite" title=" nanocomposite"> nanocomposite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154291/graphen-based-nanocomposites-for-glucose-and-ethanol-enzymatic-biosensor-fabrication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Innovative In-Service Training Approach to Strengthen Health Care Human Resources and Scale-Up Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsegahun%20Manyazewal">Tsegahun Manyazewal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francesco%20Marinucci"> Francesco Marinucci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getachew%20Belay"> Getachew Belay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abraham%20Tesfaye"> Abraham Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gonfa%20Ayana"> Gonfa Ayana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amaha%20Kebede"> Amaha Kebede</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsegahun%20Manyazewal"> Tsegahun Manyazewal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francesco%20Marinucci"> Francesco Marinucci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getachew%20Belay"> Getachew Belay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abraham%20Tesfaye"> Abraham Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gonfa%20Ayana"> Gonfa Ayana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amaha%20Kebede"> Amaha Kebede</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yewondwossen%20Tadesse"> Yewondwossen Tadesse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susan%20Lehman"> Susan Lehman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zelalem%20Temesgen"> Zelalem Temesgen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In-service health trainings in Sub-Saharan Africa are mostly content-centered with higher disconnection with the real practice in the facility. This study intended to evaluate in-service training approach aimed to strengthen health care human resources. A combined web-based and face-to-face training was designed and piloted in Ethiopia with the diagnosis of tuberculosis. During the first part, which lasted 43 days, trainees accessed web-based material and read without leaving their work; while the second part comprised a one-day hands-on evaluation. Trainee’s competency was measured using multiple-choice questions, written-assignments, exercises and hands-on evaluation. Of 108 participants invited, 81 (75%) attended the course and 71 (88%) of them successfully completed. Of those completed, 73 (90%) scored a grade from A to C. The approach was effective to transfer knowledge and turn it into practical skills. In-service health training should transform from a passive one-time-event to a continuous behavioral change of participants and improvements on their actual work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20care" title=" health care"> health care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mycobacterium%20tuberculosis" title=" Mycobacterium tuberculosis"> Mycobacterium tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training" title=" training"> training</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13878/innovative-in-service-training-approach-to-strengthen-health-care-human-resources-and-scale-up-detection-of-mycobacterium-tuberculosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> GIS Pavement Maintenance Selection Strategy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mekdelawit%20Teferi%20Alamirew">Mekdelawit Teferi Alamirew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a practical tool, the Geographical information system (GIS) was used for data integration, collection, management, analysis, and output presentation in pavement mangement systems . There are many GIS techniques to improve the maintenance activities like Dynamic segmentation and weighted overlay analysis which considers Multi Criteria Decision Making process. The results indicated that the developed MPI model works sufficiently and yields adequate output for providing accurate decisions. Hence considering multi criteria to prioritize the pavement sections for maintenance, as a result of the fact that GIS maps can express position, extent, and severity of pavement distress features more effectively than manual approaches, lastly the paper also offers digitized distress maps that can help agencies in their decision-making processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pavement" title="pavement">pavement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible" title=" flexible"> flexible</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance" title=" maintenance"> maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=index" title=" index"> index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182371/gis-pavement-maintenance-selection-strategy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Genome Analysis of Lactobacillus Plantarum and Lactobacillus Brevis Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Ethiopian Kocho and Their Probiotic Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guesh%20Mulaw">Guesh Mulaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haile%20Beruhulay"> Haile Beruhulay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anteneh%20Tesfaye"> Anteneh Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Sisay%20Diriba%20Muleta"> Tesfaye Sisay Diriba Muleta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, promote the health of a consumer. The present work aims to study the whole genome sequence of probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from traditional Ethiopian fermented kocho for bacteriocin production and to evaluate their probiotic properties. LAB were isolated from traditionally fermented kocho samples and characterized following standard methods. Accordingly, a total of 150 LAB were isolated, of which 7 (4.67%) isolates showed 50.52-74.05% and 33.33-62.40% survival rates at pH 2 for 3 and 6 h, respectively. The 7 acid-tolerant isolates were also tolerated 0.3% bile salt for 24 h with 88.96 to 98.10% survival. The acid and bile salt-tolerant LAB isolates also inhibited some reference foodborne pathogenic bacteria to varying degrees. All 7 acid- and bile salt-tolerant isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, tetracycline and erythromycin. However, the potent isolates showed remarkable resistance to kanamycin. Likewise, four of the 7 isolates were resistant to streptomycin, but three of the 7 isolates were sensitive to streptomycin. The identification of the seven selected probiotic LAB isolates and their genetic relatedness was performed based on whole-genome sequence comparisons. Consequently, these isolates belonged to Lactobacillus species, including 6 Lb. plantarum, 1 Lb. brevis. Among the 7 potential probiotic LAB strains, BAGEL predicted 2 bacteriocin for class II in the genome of 7 strains. The 7 Lactobacillus strains were found to be potentially useful for producing functional products and could be suitable probiotic candidates for food processing industries <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferneted%20foods" title="ferneted foods">ferneted foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kocho" title=" kocho"> kocho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title=" probiotics"> probiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid%20bacteria" title=" lactic acid bacteria"> lactic acid bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190134/genome-analysis-of-lactobacillus-plantarum-and-lactobacillus-brevis-isolated-from-traditionally-fermented-ethiopian-kocho-and-their-probiotic-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Water Temperature on Early Age Concrete Property</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Sisay%20Dessalegn">Tesfaye Sisay Dessalegn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The long-term performance of concrete structures is affected by the properties and behavior of concrete at an early age. However, the fundamental mechanisms affecting the early-age behavior of concrete have not yet been fully studied. The effect of water temperature on concrete is not sufficiently studied, and at the same time, the majority of studies focused on the effect of mixing water temperature on the workability and mechanical properties of concrete. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the effect of mixing water temperatures on plastic shrinkage cracking of concrete has not been studied yet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20temperature" title="water temperature">water temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20age%20concrete%20strength" title=" early age concrete strength"> early age concrete strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties%20of%20concrete" title=" mechanical properties of concrete"> mechanical properties of concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength" title=" strength"> strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186313/water-temperature-on-early-age-concrete-property" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Boryl Radical-Promoted Dehydroxylative Alkylation of 3-Hydroxyoxindole Derivatives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Tebeka%20Simur">Tesfaye Tebeka Simur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tian-Yu%20Peng"> Tian-Yu Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Feng%20Wang"> Yi-Feng Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiu-Wei%20Wu"> Xiu-Wei Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng-Lian%20Zhang"> Feng-Lian Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A boryl radical-promoted dehydroxylative alkylation of 3-hydroxy-oxindole derivatives is achieved. The reaction starts from addition of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)-boryl radical to the amide carbonyl oxygen atom, which induces a spin-center shift process to promote the C−O bond cleavage. The elimination of a hydroxide anion from a free hydroxy group is also accomplished. Capture of the generated carbon radical with alkenes furnishes a variety of C-3 alkylated oxindoles. This method features a simple operation and broad substrate scope. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boryl%20radical" title="boryl radical">boryl radical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-O" title=" C-O"> C-O</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-F" title=" C-F"> C-F</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C%3DC" title=" C=C"> C=C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C%3DN%20bond%20activation" title=" C=N bond activation"> C=N bond activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin%20center%20shift" title=" spin center shift"> spin center shift</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166794/boryl-radical-promoted-dehydroxylative-alkylation-of-3-hydroxyoxindole-derivatives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Dyeing Cotton with Dyes Extracted from Eucalyptus and Mango Trees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamrat%20Tesfaye">Tamrat Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruce%20Sithole"> Bruce Sithole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Shabaridharan"> K. Shabaridharan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of natural dyes to replace synthetic dyes has been advocated for to circumvent the environmental problems associated with synthetic dyes. This paper is a preliminary study on the use of natural dyes extracted from eucalyptus and mango trees. Dyes extracted from eucalyptus bark gave more colourized material than the dyes extracted from eucalyptus leaves and mango pills and leaves. Additionally, the extracts exhibited a deeper colour shade. Cotton fiber dyed using the same dye but with different mordants resulted in fabric that exhibited different colours. It appears that natural dyes from these plants could be effective dyes for use on cotton fabrics especially considering that the dyes exhibited excellent colour fastness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20dyes" title="natural dyes">natural dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mango" title=" mango"> mango</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eucalyptus" title=" eucalyptus"> eucalyptus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cotton" title=" cotton"> cotton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mordants" title=" mordants"> mordants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colour%20fastness" title=" colour fastness"> colour fastness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65021/dyeing-cotton-with-dyes-extracted-from-eucalyptus-and-mango-trees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Volarization of Sugarcane Bagasse: The Effect of Alkali Concentration, Soaking Time and Temperature on Fibre Yield</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamrat%20Tesfaye">Tamrat Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tilahun%20Seyoum"> Tilahun Seyoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Shabaridharan"> K. Shabaridharan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this paper was to determine the effect of NaOH concentration, soaking time, soaking temperature and their interaction on percentage yield of fibre extract using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the extraction process of cellulosic fibre from sugar cane by-product bagasse using low alkaline extraction technique. The quadratic model with the optimal technological conditions resulted in a maximum fibre yield of 56.80% at 0.55N NaOH concentration, 4 h steeping time and 60ᵒC soaking temperature. Among the independent variables concentration was found to be the most significant (P < 0.005) variable and the interaction effect of concentration and soaking time leads to securing the optimized processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugarcane%20bagasse" title="sugarcane bagasse">sugarcane bagasse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20alkaline" title=" low alkaline"> low alkaline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Box-Behnken" title=" Box-Behnken"> Box-Behnken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibre" title=" fibre "> fibre </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45876/volarization-of-sugarcane-bagasse-the-effect-of-alkali-concentration-soaking-time-and-temperature-on-fibre-yield" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45876.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Development and Analysis of Waste Human Hair Fiber Reinforced Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Worku">Tesfaye Worku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human hair, chicken feathers, and hairs of other birds and animals are commonly described as waste products, and the currently available disposal methods, such as burying and burning these waste products, are contributing to environmental pollution. However, those waste products are used to develop fiber-reinforced textile composite material. In this research work, the composite was developed using human hair fiber and analysis of the mechanical and physical properties of the developed composite sample. A composite sample was made with different ratios of human hair and unsaturated polyester resin, and an analysis of the mechanical and physical properties of the developed composite sample was tested according to standards. The fabricated human hair fibers reinforced polymer matrix composite sample has given encouraging results in terms of high strength and rigidity for lightweight house ceiling board material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title="composite">composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20hair%20fiber" title=" human hair fiber"> human hair fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix" title=" matrix"> matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsaturated%20polyester" title=" unsaturated polyester"> unsaturated polyester</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183413/development-and-analysis-of-waste-human-hair-fiber-reinforced-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Pollution Challenges in the Akaki Catchment, Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia: Potential Health Implications for Vegetables</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minbale%20Aschale">Minbale Aschale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bitew%20K.%20Dessie"> Bitew K. Dessie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Endaweke%20Assegide"> Endaweke Assegide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yosef%20Abebe"> Yosef Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tena%20Alamirew"> Tena Alamirew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20L.%20Walsh"> Claire L. Walsh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gete%20Zeleke"> Gete Zeleke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The upper Awash Basin faces pollution challenges due to urbanization, population growth, and expanding industries. It receives various pollutants from its catchments. The study aimed to assess the impact of wastewater irrigation on vegetables and inform stakeholders about pollution challenges and consequences. Eighty-two composite samples of matured vegetables were randomly collected from twenty-one agricultural farm sites. These samples were analyzed for potentially toxic elements, including Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg, As, Ni, Sr, B, Co, Cu, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Se. The results indicated significant variations in concentrations across different sites, with localized contributions from various contaminants. Cr, Cd, and Pb concentrations in most vegetables exceeded recommended levels. Pollution levels varied with metals and vegetable types. Different vegetables contribute differently to health risks. The relative contributions of Ethiopian kale, cabbage, red beet, lettuce, Swiss chard, Gurage cabbage, tomato, zucchini, carrot, onion, watermelon, and potato to the aggregated risk were 12.69%, 12.25%, 11.83%, 11.20%, 10.21%, 9.91%, 8.49%, 5.66%, 3.96%, 3.35%, 3.10%, and 2.72%, respectively. Comparison with permissible standards revealed inadequate environmental management by relevant regulatory bodies and industries. Despite good laws and standards at the federal and regional levels, they are ineffectively implemented or enforced to prevent environmental pollution. Mitigation measures are urgently recommended to address the potential health implications of toxic substances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title="pollution">pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20Awash%20Basin" title=" upper Awash Basin"> upper Awash Basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20risk" title=" health risk"> health risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183333/pollution-challenges-in-the-akaki-catchment-upper-awash-basin-ethiopia-potential-health-implications-for-vegetables" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Evaluating the Impact of Future Scenarios on Water Availability and Demand Based on Stakeholders Prioritized Water Management Options in the Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adey%20Nigatu%20Mersha">Adey Nigatu Mersha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilyas%20Masih"> Ilyas Masih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charlotte%20de%20Fraiture"> Charlotte de Fraiture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tena%20Alamirew"> Tena Alamirew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conflicts over water are increasing mainly as a result of water scarcity in response to higher water demand and climatic variability. There is often not enough water to meet all demands for different uses. Thus, decisions have to be made as to how the available resources can be managed and utilized. Correspondingly water allocation goals, practically national water policy goals, need to be revised accordingly as the pressure on water increases from time to time. A case study is conducted in the Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia, to assess and evaluate prioritized comprehensive water demand management options based on the framework of integrated water resources management in account of stakeholders’ knowledge and preferences as well as practical prominence within the Upper Awash Basin. Two categories of alternative management options based on policy analysis and stakeholders' consultation were evaluated against the business-as-usual scenario by using WEAP21 model as an analytical tool. Strong effects on future (unmet) demands are observed with major socio-economic assumptions and forthcoming water development plans. Water management within the basin will get more complex with further abstraction which may lead to an irreversible damage to the ecosystem. It is further confirmed through this particular study that efforts to maintain users’ preferences alone cannot insure economically viable and environmentally sound development and vice versa. There is always a tradeoff between these factors. Hence, all of these facets must be analyzed separately, related with each other in equal footing, and ultimately taken up in decision making in order for the whole system to function properly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20demand" title="water demand">water demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20availability" title=" water availability"> water availability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WEAP21" title=" WEAP21"> WEAP21</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scenarios" title=" scenarios"> scenarios</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61918/evaluating-the-impact-of-future-scenarios-on-water-availability-and-demand-based-on-stakeholders-prioritized-water-management-options-in-the-upper-awash-basin-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Fiber Based Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frame</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shewangizaw%20Tesfaye%20Wolde">Shewangizaw Tesfaye Wolde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current engineering community has developed a method called performance based seismic design in which we design structures based on predefined performance levels set by the parties. Since we design our structures economically for the maximum actions expected in the life of structures they go beyond their elastic limit, in need of nonlinear analysis. In this paper conventional pushover analysis (nonlinear static analysis) is used for the performance assessment of the case study Reinforced Concrete (RC) Frame building located in Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia where proposed peak ground acceleration value by RADIUS 1999 project and others is more than twice as of EBCS-8:1995 (RADIUS 1999 project) by taking critical planar frame. Fiber beam-column model is used to control material nonlinearity with tension stiffening effect. The reliability of the fiber model and validation of software outputs are checked under verification chapter. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to propose a way for structural performance assessment of existing reinforced concrete frame buildings as well as design check. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic" title="seismic">seismic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20model" title=" fiber model"> fiber model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tension%20stiffening" title=" tension stiffening"> tension stiffening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete" title=" reinforced concrete"> reinforced concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178786/fiber-based-pushover-analysis-of-reinforced-concrete-frame" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178786.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Shades of Memory, Echoes of Despair: Exploring Melancholy in Modern Amharic Novels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawit%20%20Dibekulu">Dawit Dibekulu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Dagnew"> Tesfaye Dagnew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfamaryam%20G.%20Meskel"> Tesfamaryam G. Meskel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Echoing with memories of loss and whispers of despair, this study delves into the poignant world of melancholy in Sisay Nigusu's contemporary Amharic novel, ‘Yäqənat Zār’ (‘Zār of Jealousy’). Employing a psychoanalytic lens focused on Freud and Klein's theories of mourning and melancholia, we explore the psychological depths of characters ravaged by grief. Through an interpretive paradigm and descriptive research design, we unpack the intricate tapestry of the novel, revealing how love's ashes morph into melancholic despair. The loss of loved ones, be it sudden death or betrayal, casts long shadows on the characters' souls, distorting their behavior and twisting their narratives. Altered thoughts, self-blame, and paralyzing yearning become their companions, weaving a tragic dance of longing and despair. ‘Yäqənat Zār’ serves as a powerful testament to the transformative power of storytelling, allowing us to navigate the labyrinthine paths of melancholia and gain a glimpse into the Ethiopian soul grappling with loss. This study not only sheds light on the individual's struggle with sadness but also illuminates the cultural fabric of grief and melancholia intricately woven into Ethiopian society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melancholy" title="melancholy">melancholy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loss" title=" loss"> loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychoanalysis" title=" psychoanalysis"> psychoanalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grief" title=" grief"> grief</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181870/shades-of-memory-echoes-of-despair-exploring-melancholy-in-modern-amharic-novels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181870.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Analysis of the Impact of Climate Change on Maize (Zea Mays) Yield in Central Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takele%20Nemomsa">Takele Nemomsa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girma%20Mamo"> Girma Mamo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Balemi"> Tesfaye Balemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or variance of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. In Ethiopia; Maize production in relation to climate change at regional and sub- regional scales have not been studied in detail. Thus, this study was aimed to analyse the impact of climate change on maize yield in Ambo Districts, Central Ethiopia. To this effect, weather data, soil data and maize experimental data for Arganne hybrid were used. APSIM software was used to investigate the response of maize (Zea mays) yield to different agronomic management practices using current and future (2020s–2080s) climate data. The climate change projections data which were downscaled using SDSM were used as input of climate data for the impact analysis. Compared to agronomic practices the impact of climate change on Arganne in Central Ethiopia is minute. However, within 2020s-2080s in Ambo area; the yield of Arganne hybrid is projected to reduce by 1.06% to 2.02%, and in 2050s it is projected to reduce by 1.56 While in 2080s; it is projected to increase by 1.03% to 2.07%. Thus, to adapt to the changing climate; farmers should consider increasing plant density and fertilizer rate per hectare. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=APSIM" title="APSIM">APSIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=downscaling" title=" downscaling"> downscaling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response" title=" response"> response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SDSM" title=" SDSM "> SDSM </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49392/analysis-of-the-impact-of-climate-change-on-maize-zea-mays-yield-in-central-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Effectiveness of Reinforcement Learning (RL) for Autonomous Energy Management Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Mengistu">Tesfaye Mengistu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This thesis aims to investigate the effectiveness of Reinforcement Learning (RL) for Autonomous Energy Management solutions. The study explores the potential of Model Free RL approaches, such as Monte Carlo RL and Q-learning, to improve energy management by autonomously adjusting energy management strategies to maximize efficiency. The research investigates the implementation of RL algorithms for optimizing energy consumption in a single-agent environment. The focus is on developing a framework for the implementation of RL algorithms, highlighting the importance of RL for enabling autonomous systems to adapt quickly to changing conditions and make decisions based on previous experiences. Moreover, the paper proposes RL as a novel energy management solution to address nations' CO2 emission goals. Reinforcement learning algorithms are well-suited to solving problems with sequential decision-making patterns and can provide accurate and immediate outputs to ease the planning and decision-making process. This research provides insights into the challenges and opportunities of using RL for energy management solutions and recommends further studies to explore its full potential. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into how RL can be used to improve the efficiency of energy management systems and supports the use of RL as a promising approach for developing autonomous energy management solutions in residential buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforcement%20learning" title=" reinforcement learning"> reinforcement learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monte%20carlo" title=" monte carlo"> monte carlo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20management" title=" energy management"> energy management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20emission" title=" CO2 emission"> CO2 emission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167464/effectiveness-of-reinforcement-learning-rl-for-autonomous-energy-management-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Methanolic Extract of the Exudates of Aloe Otallensis and Its Effect on Leishmania Donovani Parasite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zerihun%20Tesfaye%20Nigusse">Zerihun Tesfaye Nigusse</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: This study evaluates the antileishmanial activity of the methanolic extract of Aloe otallensis (A. otallensis) on the promastigote stage of Leishmaniadonovani (L. donovani) as compared to standard drugs and to screen its phytochemical constituents. Methods: Phytochemical screening was done by using the method mentioned by Evans and Trease on methanolic extract of the exudates of Aloe otallensis leaves. The extract was also evaluated for in vitro antileishmanial activity against L. donavani, which is found in the Parasitology Unit of Black Lion Hospital. The result was compared to standard drugs of sodium stibogluconate, milfostin and paramomycin. Results: The extract has good antileishmanial activity with an IC50 of 0.123 0 μg/mL on L. donovani (AM 563). The experimental data showed that relatively, it had better activity than paramomycin and milfostin but less activity than sodium stibogluconate. The data analyses were done by GraphPad Prism version 5 software after it was read by an ELISA reader at the wavelength of 650 nm. The phytochemical screening of the exudates of A. otallensis showed the presence of phenol, alkaloid and saponin. Conclusions: The methanol extract of the exudates of A.otallensishas a good anti- leishmaniasis activity and this may be attributed to phenol, alkaloid and saponin present in the plant. But it needs further analysis for the conformation of which constituent presents in high concentration to know which one has the strongest effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis" title="anti leshimaniasis">anti leshimaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aloe%20otallensis" title=" aloe otallensis"> aloe otallensis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leshimania%20ethiopica" title=" leshimania ethiopica"> leshimania ethiopica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IC50" title=" IC50"> IC50</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188744/methanolic-extract-of-the-exudates-of-aloe-otallensis-and-its-effect-on-leishmania-donovani-parasite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> The Role of Formal and Informal Institutions in Water Governance in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Endalew%20Jibat">Endalew Jibat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feyera%20Senbeta"> Feyera Senbeta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Zeleke"> Tesfaye Zeleke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fitsum%20Hagos"> Fitsum Hagos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Institutions can play a key role in coordinating how natural resources are effectively used without over-exploitation. Institutions are the laws, policies, and organizational arrangements that permit, forbid or regulate human action. The aim of this study was to look into the roles of formal and informal institutions, as well as their interactions, in water resource governance in Ethiopia's Central Rift Valley (CRV), where water scarcity is a concern. Key informant interviews, group discussions, in depth-interview, and secondary data sources were used to generate relevant data. The study revealed that formal and informal institutions were involved in water resource governance in the study area. However, the influence of informal institutions on formal institutions or vice versa is trivial to change the action of water users. Lack of clear roles and responsibilities of actors, weak capacity and lack of meaningful decentralization and participation of key actors in policy development, lack of synergy and incongruence between formal and informal institutions, and absence of enforcement mechanisms including incentives are attributed to inefficient use of water resources in the CRV. Enhancing the interplay of formal and informal institutions in the water resource policy development and meaningful decentralization and key stakeholders' engagement is recommended for sustainable water use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutions" title="institutions">institutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title=" governance"> governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20interplay" title=" institutional interplay"> institutional interplay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20users" title=" water users"> water users</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155986/the-role-of-formal-and-informal-institutions-in-water-governance-in-the-central-rift-valley-of-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Dynamics of Museum Visitors’ Experiences Studies: A Bibliometric Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Fentaw%20Nigatu">Tesfaye Fentaw Nigatu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Trupp"> Alexander Trupp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teh%20Pek%20Yen"> Teh Pek Yen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research on museums and the experiences of visitors has flourished in recent years, especially after museums became centers of edutainment beyond preserving heritage resources. This paper aims to comprehensively understand the changes, continuities, and future research development directions of museum visitors’ experiences. To identify current research trends, the paper summarizes and analyses research article publications from 1986 to 2023 on museum visitors' experiences. Bibliometric analysis software VOSviewer and Harzing POP (Publish or Perish) were used to analyze 407 academic articles. The articles were generated from the Scopus database. The study attempted to map new insights for future scholars and academics to expand the scope of museum visitors’ experience studies by analyzing keywords, citation patterns, influential articles in the field, publication trends, collaborations between authors, institutions, and clusters of highly cited articles. Accessibility to museums, social media usage within museums, aesthetics in museum settings, mixed reality experiences, sustainability issues, and emotions have emerged as key research areas in the study of museum visitors' experiences. The results benefit stakeholders and researchers in advancing the collective progress of considering recent research trends to stay informed about the latest developments and breakthroughs in the global academic landscape and visitors’ experiences development in the museum. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bibliometric%20analysis" title="bibliometric analysis">bibliometric analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=museum" title=" museum"> museum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20analysis" title=" network analysis"> network analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visitors%E2%80%99%20experiences" title=" visitors’ experiences"> visitors’ experiences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20analysis" title=" visual analysis"> visual analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172553/dynamics-of-museum-visitors-experiences-studies-a-bibliometric-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172553.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Screening Some Accessions of Lentil (Lens culinaris M.) for Salt Tolerance at Germination and Early Seedling Stage in Eastern Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azene%20Tesfaye">Azene Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yohannes%20Petros"> Yohannes Petros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habtamu%20Zeleke"> Habtamu Zeleke </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To evaluate genetic variation among Ethiopian lentil, laboratory experiment were conducted to screen 12 accessions of lentil (Lens culinaris M.) for salt tolerance. Seeds of 12 Lentil accessions were grown at laboratory (Petri dish) condition with different levels of salinity (0, 2, 4, and 8 dSm-1 NaCl) for 4 weeks. The experimental design was completely randomized design (CRD) in factorial combination with three replications. Data analysis was carried out using SAS software. Average germination time, germination percentage, seedling shoot and root traits, seedling shoot and root weight were evaluated. The two way ANOVA for varieties revealed statistically significant variation among lentil accession, NaCl level and their interactions (p<0.001) with respect to the entire parameters. It was found that salt stress significantly delays germination rate and decreases germination percentage, shoot and root length, seedling shoot and root weight of lentil accessions. The degree of decrement varied with accessions and salinity levels. Accessions 36120, 9235 and 36004 were better salt tolerant than the other accessions. As the result, it is recommended to be used as a genetic resource for the development of lentil accession and other very salt sensitive crop with improved germination under salt stress condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accession" title="accession">accession</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title=" germination"> germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lentil" title=" lentil"> lentil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NaCl" title=" NaCl"> NaCl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screening" title=" screening"> screening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling%20stage" title=" seedling stage"> seedling stage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29040/screening-some-accessions-of-lentil-lens-culinaris-m-for-salt-tolerance-at-germination-and-early-seedling-stage-in-eastern-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> The Application of AI in Developing Assistive Technologies for Non-Verbal Individuals with Autism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferah%20Tesfaye%20Admasu">Ferah Tesfaye Admasu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often presents significant communication challenges, particularly for non-verbal individuals who struggle to express their needs and emotions effectively. Assistive technologies (AT) have emerged as vital tools in enhancing communication abilities for this population. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) hold the potential to revolutionize the design and functionality of these technologies. This study explores the application of AI in developing intelligent, adaptive, and user-centered assistive technologies for non-verbal individuals with autism. Through a review of current AI-driven tools, including speech-generating devices, predictive text systems, and emotion-recognition software, this research investigates how AI can bridge communication gaps, improve engagement, and support independence. Machine learning algorithms, natural language processing (NLP), and facial recognition technologies are examined as core components in creating more personalized and responsive communication aids. The study also discusses the challenges and ethical considerations involved in deploying AI-based AT, such as data privacy and the risk of over-reliance on technology. Findings suggest that integrating AI into assistive technologies can significantly enhance the quality of life for non-verbal individuals with autism, providing them with greater opportunities for social interaction and participation in daily activities. However, continued research and development are needed to ensure these technologies are accessible, affordable, and culturally sensitive. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20disorder" title=" autism spectrum disorder"> autism spectrum disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-verbal%20communication" title=" non-verbal communication"> non-verbal communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assistive%20technology" title=" assistive technology"> assistive technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192336/the-application-of-ai-in-developing-assistive-technologies-for-non-verbal-individuals-with-autism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">19</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Effects of Drying Method and Seed Priming Duration on Coffee Seed and Seedling Quality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taju%20Mohammednur">Taju Mohammednur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Megersa"> Tesfaye Megersa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karta%20Kaske"> Karta Kaske</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coffee is an economically important cash crop in Ethiopia. However, the conditions under which coffee seeds are dried and processed significantly affect the seedling quality and productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-sowing treatments and drying methods on the physiological quality of coffee seeds and seedlings. The study included two coffee varieties (74110, 75227), two drying conditions (under-shade drying room, open sun), and five durations of seed hydro priming (6, 8, 18, 24 hours, and an untreated control). Factorial combinations of the three factors were laid out in a Completely Randomized Design of three replications. Results indicated that the highest germination percentage (91%), emergence rate (90%), and seedling vigor index-I (2236 cm %) were recorded for seeds dried under-shade drying room. In contrast, the lowest values of germination percentage, emergence rate, and vigor index were observed for seeds dried under open sun. There was a significant difference in seed germination based on hydro priming time, with the highest germination percentage (83%) recorded for seeds soaked for 6 hours, followed by 24 hours (83%). The lowest germination percentage (77%) was recorded for un-soaked seeds. In conclusion, drying seeds under shade is better for coffee seed quality, and hydro priming has improved seedling vigor. However, further investigation into seed priming methods and preservation techniques for primed seeds is necessary to improve coffee seed quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coffee" title="coffee">coffee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title=" germination"> germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seed%20drying" title=" seed drying"> seed drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seed%20longevity" title=" seed longevity"> seed longevity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seed%20priming" title=" seed priming"> seed priming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191107/effects-of-drying-method-and-seed-priming-duration-on-coffee-seed-and-seedling-quality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191107.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">28</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Comparison of Sign Language Skill and Academic Achievement of Deaf Students in Special and Inclusive Primary Schools of South Nation Nationalities People Region, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Basha">Tesfaye Basha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to examine the sign language and academic achievement of deaf students in special and inclusive primary schools of Southern Ethiopia. The study used a mixed-method to collect varied data. The study contained Signed Amharic and English skill tasks, questionnaire, 8th-grade Primary School Leaving Certificate Examination results, classroom observation, and interviews. For quantitative (n=70) deaf students and for qualitative data collection, 16 participants were involved. The finding revealed that the limitation of sign language is a problem in signing and academic achievements. This displays that schools are not linguistically rich to enable sign language achievement for deaf students. Moreover, the finding revealed that the contribution of Total Communication in the growth of natural sign language for deaf students was unsatisfactory. The results also indicated that special schools of deaf students performed better sign language skills and academic achievement than inclusive schools. In addition, the findings revealed that high signed skill group showed higher academic achievement than the low skill group. This displayed that sign language skill is highly associated with academic achievement. In addition, to qualify deaf students in sign language and academics, teacher institutions must produce competent teachers on how to teach deaf students with sign language and literacy skills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20achievement" title="academic achievement">academic achievement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusive%20school" title=" inclusive school"> inclusive school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sign%20language" title=" sign language"> sign language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signed%20Amharic" title=" signed Amharic"> signed Amharic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signed%20English" title=" signed English"> signed English</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20school" title=" special school"> special school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20communication" title=" total communication"> total communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130014/comparison-of-sign-language-skill-and-academic-achievement-of-deaf-students-in-special-and-inclusive-primary-schools-of-south-nation-nationalities-people-region-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> A Review on Valorisation of Chicken Feathers: Current Status and Future Prospects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamrat%20Tesfaye">Tamrat Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruce%20Sithole"> Bruce Sithole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deresh%20Ramjugernath"> Deresh Ramjugernath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Worldwide, the poultry–processing industry generates large quantities of feather by-products that amount to 40 billion kilograms annually. The feathers are considered wastes although small amounts are often processed into valuable products such as feather meal and fertilizers. The remaining waste is disposed of by incineration or by burial in controlled landfills. Improper disposal of these biological wastes contributes to environmental damage and transmission of diseases. Economic pressures, environmental pressures, increasing interest in using renewable and sustainable raw materials, and the need to decrease reliance on non-renewable petroleum resources behove the industry to find better ways of dealing with waste feathers. A closer look at the structure and composition of feathers shows that the whole part of a chicken feather (rachis and barb) can be used as a source of a pure structural protein called keratin which can be exploited for conversion into a number of high-value bio products. Additionally, a number of technologies can be used to convert other biological components of feathers into high value added products. Thus, conversion of the waste into valuable products can make feathers an attractive raw material for the production of bio products. In this review, possible applications of chicken feathers in a variety of technologies and products are discussed. Thus, using waste feathers as a valuable resource can help the poultry industry to dispose of the waste feathers in an environmentally sustainable manner that also generates extra income for the industry. Their valorisation can result in their sustainable conversion into high-value materials and products on the proviso of existence or development of cost-effective technologies for converting this waste into the useful products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodegradable%20product" title="biodegradable product">biodegradable product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=keratin" title=" keratin"> keratin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poultry%20waste" title=" poultry waste"> poultry waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feathers" title=" feathers"> feathers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorisation" title=" valorisation"> valorisation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45685/a-review-on-valorisation-of-chicken-feathers-current-status-and-future-prospects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45685.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Prediction of California Bearing Ratio of a Black Cotton Soil Stabilized with Waste Glass and Eggshell Powder using Artificial Neural Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biruhi%20Tesfaye">Biruhi Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avinash%20M.%20Potdar"> Avinash M. Potdar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The laboratory test process to determine the California bearing ratio (CBR) of black cotton soils is not only overpriced but also time-consuming as well. Hence advanced prediction of CBR plays a significant role as it is applicable In pavement design. The prediction of CBR of treated soil was executed by Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) which is a Computational tool based on the properties of the biological neural system. To observe CBR values, combined eggshell and waste glass was added to soil as 4, 8, 12, and 16 % of the weights of the soil samples. Accordingly, the laboratory related tests were conducted to get the required best model. The maximum CBR value found at 5.8 at 8 % of eggshell waste glass powder addition. The model was developed using CBR as an output layer variable. CBR was considered as a function of the joint effect of liquid limit, plastic limit, and plastic index, optimum moisture content and maximum dry density. The best model that has been found was ANN with 5, 6 and 1 neurons in the input, hidden and output layer correspondingly. The performance of selected ANN has been 0.99996, 4.44E-05, 0.00353 and 0.0067 which are correlation coefficient (R), mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) respectively. The research presented or summarized above throws light on future scope on stabilization with waste glass combined with different percentages of eggshell that leads to the economical design of CBR acceptable to pavement sub-base or base, as desired. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CBR" title="CBR">CBR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title=" artificial neural network"> artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20limit" title=" liquid limit"> liquid limit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20limit" title=" plastic limit"> plastic limit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20dry%20density" title=" maximum dry density"> maximum dry density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OMC" title=" OMC"> OMC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139867/prediction-of-california-bearing-ratio-of-a-black-cotton-soil-stabilized-with-waste-glass-and-eggshell-powder-using-artificial-neural-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139867.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Intellectual Property and SMEs in the Baltic Sea Region: A Comparative Study on the Use of the Utility Model Protection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Wainikka">Christina Wainikka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Besrat%20Tesfaye"> Besrat Tesfaye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several of the countries in the Baltic Sea region are ranked high in international innovations rankings, such as the Global Innovation Index and European Innovation Scoreboard. There are however some concerns in the performance of different countries. For example, there is a widely spread notion about “The Swedish Paradox”. Sweden is ranked high due to investments in R&D and patent activity, but the outcome is not as high as could be expected. SMEs in Sweden are also below EU average when it comes to registering intellectual property rights such as patents and trademarks. This study is concentrating on the protection of utility model. This intellectual property right does not exist in Sweden, but in for example Finland and Germany. The utility model protection is sometimes referred to as a “patent light” since it is easier to obtain than the patent protection but at the same time does cover technical solutions. In examining statistics on patent activities and activities in registering utility models it is clear that utility model protection is scarcely used in the countries that have the protection. In Germany 10 577 applications were made in 2021. In Finland there were 259 applications made in 2021. This can be compared with patent applications that were 58 568 in Germany in 2021 and 1 662 in Finland in 2021. In Sweden there has never been a protection for utility models. The only protection for technical solutions is patents and business secrets. The threshold for obtaining a patent is high, due to the legal requirements and the costs. The patent protection is there for often not chosen by SMEs in Sweden. This study examines whether the protection of utility models in other countries in the Baltic region provide SMEs in these countries with better options to protect their innovations. The legal methodology is comparative law. In order to study the effects of the legal differences statistics are examined and interviews done with SMEs from different industries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=baltic%20sea%20region" title="baltic sea region">baltic sea region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20law" title=" comparative law"> comparative law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SME" title=" SME"> SME</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utility%20model" title=" utility model"> utility model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149097/intellectual-property-and-smes-in-the-baltic-sea-region-a-comparative-study-on-the-use-of-the-utility-model-protection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149097.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Food and Nutritional Security in the Context of Climate Change in Ethiopia: Using Household Panel Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aemro%20Tazeze%20Terefe">Aemro Tazeze Terefe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengistu%20K.%20Aredo"> Mengistu K. Aredo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abule%20M.%20Workagegnehu"> Abule M. Workagegnehu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wondimagegn%20M.%20Tesfaye"> Wondimagegn M. Tesfaye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate-induced shocks have been shown to reduce agricultural production and cause fluctuation in output in developing countries. When livelihoods depend on rain-fed agriculture, climate-induced shocks translate into consumption shocks. Despite the substantial improvements in household consumption, climate-induced shocks, and other factors adversely affect consumption dynamics at the household level in Ethiopia. Therefore, household consumption dynamics in the context of climate-induced shocks help to guide resilience capacity and establish appropriate interventions and programs. The research employed three-round panel data based on the Ethiopian Socioeconomic Survey with spatial rainfall data to define unique measures of rainfall variability. The linear dynamic panel model results show that the lagged value of consumption, market shocks, and rainfall variability positively affected consumption dynamics. In contrast, production shocks, temperature, and amount of rainfall had a negative relationship. Coping strategies mitigate adverse climate-induced shocks on consumption aftershocks that smooth consumption over time. Support to increase the resilience capacity of households can involve efforts to make existing livelihoods and forms of production or reductions in the vulnerability of households. Therefore, government interventions are mandatory for asset accumulation agendas that support household coping strategies and respond to shocks. In addition, the dynamic linkage between consumption and significant socioeconomic and institutional factors should be taken into account to minimize the effect of climate-induced shocks on consumption dynamics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20shock" title="climate shock">climate shock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed-effect%20model" title=" fixed-effect model"> fixed-effect model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20security" title=" food security"> food security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163190/food-and-nutritional-security-in-the-context-of-climate-change-in-ethiopia-using-household-panel-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163190.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Unlocking the Future of Grocery Shopping: Graph Neural Network-Based Cold Start Item Recommendations with Reverse Next Item Period Recommendation (RNPR)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Fenta%20Boka">Tesfaye Fenta Boka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niu%20Zhendong"> Niu Zhendong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recommender systems play a crucial role in connecting individuals with the items they require, as is particularly evident in the rapid growth of online grocery shopping platforms. These systems predominantly rely on user-centered recommendations, where items are suggested based on individual preferences, garnering considerable attention and adoption. However, our focus lies on the item-centered recommendation task within the grocery shopping context. In the reverse next item period recommendation (RNPR) task, we are presented with a specific item and challenged to identify potential users who are likely to consume it in the upcoming period. Despite the ever-expanding inventory of products on online grocery platforms, the cold start item problem persists, posing a substantial hurdle in delivering personalized and accurate recommendations for new or niche grocery items. To address this challenge, we propose a Graph Neural Network (GNN)-based approach. By capitalizing on the inherent relationships among grocery items and leveraging users' historical interactions, our model aims to provide reliable and context-aware recommendations for cold-start items. This integration of GNN technology holds the promise of enhancing recommendation accuracy and catering to users' individual preferences. This research contributes to the advancement of personalized recommendations in the online grocery shopping domain. By harnessing the potential of GNNs and exploring item-centered recommendation strategies, we aim to improve the overall shopping experience and satisfaction of users on these platforms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recommender%20systems" title="recommender systems">recommender systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20start%20item%20recommendations" title=" cold start item recommendations"> cold start item recommendations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20grocery%20%20%20shopping%20platforms" title=" online grocery shopping platforms"> online grocery shopping platforms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph%20neural%20networks" title=" graph neural networks"> graph neural networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170977/unlocking-the-future-of-grocery-shopping-graph-neural-network-based-cold-start-item-recommendations-with-reverse-next-item-period-recommendation-rnpr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170977.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Smallholder Farmers’ Adaptation Strategies and Socioeconomic Determinants of Climate Variability in Boset District, Oromia, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hurgesa%20Hundera">Hurgesa Hundera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Shibeshibikeko"> Samuel Shibeshibikeko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarike%20Daba"> Tarike Daba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Ganamo"> Tesfaye Ganamo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aimed at examining the ongoing adaptation strategies used by smallholder farmers in response to climate variability in Boset district. It also assessed the socioeconomic factors that influence the choice of adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers to climate variability risk. For attaining the objectives of the study, both primary and secondary sources of data were employed. The primary data were obtained through a household questionnaire, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and observations, while secondary data were acquired through desk review. Questionnaires were distributed and filled by 328 respondents, and they were identified through systematic random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model were applied in this study as the main analytical methods. The findings of the study reveal that the sample households have utilized multiple adaptation strategies in response to climate variability, such as cropping early mature crops, planting drought resistant crops, growing mixed crops on the same farm lands, and others. The results of the binary logistic model revealed that education, sex, age, family size, off farm income, farm experience, access to climate information, access to farm input, and farm size were significant and key factors determining farmers’ choice of adaptation strategies to climate variability in the study area. To enable effective adaptation measures, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resource, with its regional bureaus and offices and concerned non–governmental organizations, should consider climate variability in their planning and budgeting in all levels of decision making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptation%20strategies" title="adaptation strategies">adaptation strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boset%20district" title=" boset district"> boset district</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20variability" title=" climate variability"> climate variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smallholder%20farmers" title=" smallholder farmers"> smallholder farmers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157141/smallholder-farmers-adaptation-strategies-and-socioeconomic-determinants-of-climate-variability-in-boset-district-oromia-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Factors Influencing Fertility Preferences and Contraceptive Use among Reproductive Aged Married Women in Eastern Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heroda%20Gebru">Heroda Gebru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Berhanu%20Seyoum"> Berhanu Seyoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melake%20Damena"> Melake Damena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gezahegn%20Tesfaye"> Gezahegn Tesfaye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: In Ethiopia there is a population policy aimed at reducing fertility and increasing contraceptive prevalence. Objective: To assess the fertility preference and contraceptive use status of married women who were living in Dire Dawa administrative city. Methods: Cross sectional study which included a sample size of 421 married women of reproductive age were performed. Data was collected using structured questionnaire during house to house survey and semi-structured questionnaire during in-depth interview. Data was processed and analyzed using SPSS version 16 computer software. Univariate, bi variate and multi variate analysis was employed. Results: A total of 421 married women of reproductive age group were interviewed having a response rate of 100 percent. More than half (58.2%) of the respondent have desire of more children. While 41.8% want no more children. Regarding contraceptive use 52.5% of the respondents were using contraceptive at the time of survey. Fertility preference and contraceptive use were significantly associated with age of the respondent, history of child death, number of living children, religion and age at first birth. Conclusions: Those women with younger age group, who had no child death history and women with lesser number of surviving children were more likely desire additional children. Women with older age at first birth and protestant in religion were more likely practiced contraceptive use. Strong information and education regarding contraceptive for younger age group should be provided, advocacy at level of religious leader is important, comprehensive family planning counselling and education should be available for the community, husbands, and religious leaders and the aim for increasing contraceptive use should focus on the practical aspect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertility%20preference" title="fertility preference">fertility preference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contraceptive%20use" title=" contraceptive use"> contraceptive use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=univariate%20analysis" title=" univariate analysis"> univariate analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20planning" title=" family planning "> family planning </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22656/factors-influencing-fertility-preferences-and-contraceptive-use-among-reproductive-aged-married-women-in-eastern-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Alamirew&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Alamirew&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 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