CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Mount Coffin - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4932c4de-1cd0-4b2c-b6ee-98b63d32c1c2","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Mount_Coffin","wgTitle":"Mount Coffin","wgCurRevisionId":1222178443,"wgRevisionId":1222178443,"wgArticleId":22508668,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","CS1 errors: bare URL","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Coordinates on Wikidata","Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from April 2009","Pages using the Kartographer extension","Mountains of Cowlitz County, Washington","Mountains of Washington (state)"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en", "wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Mount_Coffin","wgRelevantArticleId":22508668,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":46.1287229,"lon":-122.9878905},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId": "Q6920194","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.kartographer.style":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.kartographer.staticframe","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js", "ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.kartographer.style%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Gerald_W._Williams_Collection%2C_Ford_-47%2C_courtesy_Oregon_State.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="902"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Gerald_W._Williams_Collection%2C_Ford_-47%2C_courtesy_Oregon_State.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="601"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="481"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Mount Coffin - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Coffin"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Coffin"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Mount_Coffin rootpage-Mount_Coffin skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mount+Coffin" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mount+Coffin" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mount+Coffin" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mount+Coffin" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Physical_observation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_observation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Physical observation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physical_observation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_Record" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_Record"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historical Record</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historical_Record-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Historical Record subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historical_Record-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prehistory_and_Expeditionary_Times" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistory_and_Expeditionary_Times"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Prehistory and Expeditionary Times</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistory_and_Expeditionary_Times-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Industrial_Revolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Industrial_Revolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>The Industrial Revolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Industrial_Revolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Coffin</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 1 language" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-1" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">1 language</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A4%D9%86%D9%B9_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%81%D9%86" title="ماؤنٹ کوفن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ماؤنٹ کوفن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6920194#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Coffin" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Mount_Coffin" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Coffin"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Coffin"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Mount_Coffin" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Mount_Coffin" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&oldid=1222178443" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Mount_Coffin&id=1222178443&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMount_Coffin"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMount_Coffin"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mount_Coffin&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6920194" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mount_Coffin&params=46.1287229_N_122.9878905_W_type:mountain_region:US-WA_scale:100000_source:GNIS"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°07′43″N</span> <span class="longitude">122°59′16″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.1287229°N 122.9878905°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.1287229; -122.9878905</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Mountain in Washington (state), United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:24.5em; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Mount Coffin</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding: 0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gerald_W._Williams_Collection,_Ford_-47,_courtesy_Oregon_State.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gerald_W._Williams_Collection%2C_Ford_-47%2C_courtesy_Oregon_State.jpg/272px-Gerald_W._Williams_Collection%2C_Ford_-47%2C_courtesy_Oregon_State.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gerald_W._Williams_Collection%2C_Ford_-47%2C_courtesy_Oregon_State.jpg/408px-Gerald_W._Williams_Collection%2C_Ford_-47%2C_courtesy_Oregon_State.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gerald_W._Williams_Collection%2C_Ford_-47%2C_courtesy_Oregon_State.jpg/544px-Gerald_W._Williams_Collection%2C_Ford_-47%2C_courtesy_Oregon_State.jpg 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="450" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding: 0.2em 0em;">Mount Coffin as it was in 1900</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Highest point</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mount_Coffin&params=46.1287229_N_122.9878905_W_type:mountain_region:US-WA_scale:100000_source:GNIS"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°07′43″N</span> <span class="longitude">122°59′16″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.1287229°N 122.9878905°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.1287229; -122.9878905</span></span></span></a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-gnis_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gnis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Geography</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-overlays="["_2261189a9634efcc24e18e335956219627761ef1"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Mount_Coffin&revid=1222178443&groups=_2261189a9634efcc24e18e335956219627761ef1" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Mount_Coffin&revid=1222178443&groups=_2261189a9634efcc24e18e335956219627761ef1 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Longview,_Washington" title="Longview, Washington">Longview, Washington</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Topographic_map" title="Topographic map">Topo map</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/USGS" class="mw-redirect" title="USGS">USGS</a> Kelso</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mount Coffin</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Promontory" title="Promontory">promontory</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/Longview,_Washington" title="Longview, Washington">Longview</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cowlitz_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Cowlitz County">Cowlitz County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a> It served as native burial grounds for the <a href="/wiki/Cowlitz_Tribe" class="mw-redirect" title="Cowlitz Tribe">Cowlitz Tribe</a>, who practiced above-ground interment of their deceased. The <i>memaloose illahee</i>, or <a href="/wiki/Cemetery" title="Cemetery">cemetery</a> was named by Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/William_Robert_Broughton" title="William Robert Broughton">William Robert Broughton</a> of <a href="/wiki/George_Vancouver" title="George Vancouver">George Vancouver</a>'s expedition aboard <a href="/wiki/HMS_Chatham_(1788)" title="HMS Chatham (1788)">HMS <i>Chatham</i></a> in 1792. The landmark was leveled for its gravel during construction of the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Longview" title="Port of Longview">Port of Longview</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wesselius_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wesselius-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physical_observation">Physical observation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Physical observation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mount Coffin was 240 feet (73 m) tall and was formed by sediment carried by the <a href="/wiki/Columbia_River" title="Columbia River">Columbia River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cowlitz_River" title="Cowlitz River">Cowlitz River</a>, which coagulated at the merging point of these two entities. The material consisted of <a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">basalt</a> sediment, mainly material derived from volcanic ash.<sup id="cite_ref-Wesselius_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wesselius-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_Record">Historical Record</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Historical Record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistory_and_Expeditionary_Times">Prehistory and Expeditionary Times</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Prehistory and Expeditionary Times"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1792, Lieutenant William Robert Broughton of Vancouver's expedition aboard HMS <i>Chatham</i> explored the lower Columbia; he recorded: "a remarkable mount, about which were placed several <a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">canoes</a>, containing dead bodies; to this was given the name of Mount Coffin."<sup id="cite_ref-Nisbet_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nisbet-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote> <p>"Coffin Mountain was so called because of the Indian burying ground which was observed there where the dead were placed, as was the custom, aloft in primitive coffins supported by stakes."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>In November 1805, <a href="/wiki/William_Clark_(explorer)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Clark (explorer)">William Clark</a> reported the hill as a "very remarkable Knob rising from the edge of the water". He said it was about 80 feet (20 m) high, and "about 200 paces around at its Base."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>William Clark described interaction with the indigenous population: trading beaver skins, <a href="/wiki/Berry" title="Berry">berries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">salmon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sagittaria_latifolia" title="Sagittaria latifolia">wappato</a>. <a href="/wiki/Meriwether_Lewis" title="Meriwether Lewis">Meriwether Lewis</a> commented between their variance in speech from the tribes that lived farther inland. Due to the Skillute's trading patterns along the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_coast" title="Pacific coast">Pacific coast</a> they spoke a different pidgin that adopted coastal variances than the tribes who lived farther inland.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1835, <a href="/wiki/John_Kirk_Townsend" title="John Kirk Townsend">John Kirk Townsend</a> explored Mount Coffin, he reports: </p> <blockquote> <p>"[the burial site] consisted of a great number of canoes containing bodies of Indians, each being carefully wrapped in blankets, and supplied with many of his personal effects in the form of weapons and implements...The same provident care for the deceased that prevails among the hunting tribes of the prairies is observable among the piscatorial tribes of the rivers and sea-coast. Among the latter the Indian is wrapped in his mantle of skins, laid in his canoe with his paddle, his fishing-spear, and other implements beside him, and placed aloft on some rock or eminence overlooking the river, or bay, or lake that he had frequented. He is fitted out to launch away upon those placid streams…which are prepared in the next world for those who have acquitted themselves as good sons, good fathers…during their mortal sojourn."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>Because the Skillute practiced infant <a href="/wiki/Head_flattening" class="mw-redirect" title="Head flattening">head flattening</a>, postmortem examination of the <a href="/wiki/Cerebrum" title="Cerebrum">cerebrum</a> became a point of interest by physicians. In 1825, John Scouler found an opportunity "to procure a specimen of their compressed skulls."<sup id="cite_ref-Nisbet_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nisbet-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Again in 1847, a bateau captain described as a "curio hunter", stripped "valuables from a body on Coffin Rock."<sup id="cite_ref-Nisbet_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nisbet-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pacific-Northwest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pacific-Northwest.jpg/220px-Pacific-Northwest.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pacific-Northwest.jpg/330px-Pacific-Northwest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pacific-Northwest.jpg/440px-Pacific-Northwest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10339" data-file-height="7014" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a>: 1841 Map of the Oregon Territory from "Narrative of the United States Exploring Expedition." Philadelphia: 1845</figcaption></figure><p>Another contentious point of contact is described: </p><blockquote> <p> "In August 1841, Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wilkes" title="Charles Wilkes">Charles Wilkes</a> traveled down the river as part of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Exploring_Expedition" title="United States Exploring Expedition">U.S. Exploring Expedition</a> and he used Mount Coffin to make astronomical observations. One of Wilkes's campfires accidentally destroyed the burial canoes on the rock."<sup id="cite_ref-Wilma_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilma-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>Fever, pestilence, and disease ravaged among the living indigenous population. Symptoms described by one trader representing McLoughlin, a chief agent at the <a href="/wiki/Hudson%27s_Bay_Company" title="Hudson's Bay Company">Hudson's Bay Company</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fort_Vancouver" title="Fort Vancouver">Fort Vancouver, Washington</a>, about 40 miles (60 km) from Mount Coffin, were descriptions characteristic of <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Endemic_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Endemic disease">endemic disease</a> with fatal termination. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Industrial_Revolution">The Industrial Revolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Industrial Revolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1900 <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Weyerhaeuser" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Weyerhaeuser">Frederick Weyerhaeuser</a> bought 900,000 acres (3,600 km<sup>2</sup>) of railroad grant land, looked favorably towards prospects in the Northwestern United States and soon began western operations.<sup id="cite_ref-Kirk_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirk-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the end of World War I, <a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Long" title="Robert A. Long">Robert Alexander Long</a> purchased from the <a href="/wiki/Weyerhaeuser" title="Weyerhaeuser"> Weyerhaeuser Timber Company</a> a 23,851 acres (97 km<sup>2</sup>) tract in southwestern <a href="/wiki/Washington_(U.S._state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington (U.S. state)">Washington</a> that rest adjacent to Mount Coffin; it contained nearly 2,500,000,000 board feet (5,900,000 m<sup>3</sup>) of timber, he soon expanded to more than 70,000 acres (280 km<sup>2</sup>). In 1922 studies of possible mill sites indicated: to dike the valley located at the mouth of the Cowlitz River would be economical. Rather than executing these plans, the area was developed into a city that would host investors; the city is now Longview, Washington. In June 1924, the Long–Bell lumber mill opened as the largest lumber producer in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilma_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilma-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Frederick Weyerhaeuser opened a mill adjacent to the <a href="/wiki/Long-Bell_Lumber_Company" title="Long-Bell Lumber Company">Long-Bell</a> operation, encompassing Mount Coffin. Shortly after, in 1929, Mount Coffin was dynamited and quarried. After cutting 8,700,000,000 board feet (21,000,000 m<sup>3</sup>) of lumber, Long's two great sawmills were dismantled in 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote> <p> "The old Long-Bell Mill sheds – now derelict – still stand near the port, difficult to reach yet spectacular because they are so enormous…[The sheds] are each about 600 feet long. They are built of massive timbers representative of the original, huge-scale forest of western Washington. Such buildings will never again be built."<sup id="cite_ref-Kirk_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirk-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>Weyerhaeuser continued pulp and paperboard manufacturing. In 1964, a federal suit was filed against Weyerhaeuser in Longview, Washington, for "discharge of refuse into navigable waterways."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1979 the <a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">United States General Accounting Office</a> listed the Weyerhaeuser Company in Longview as a potential <a href="/wiki/Superfund" title="Superfund"> superfund site</a> caused by <a href="/wiki/Pollution" title="Pollution">metal contamination</a>. Since then, <a href="/wiki/Weyerhaeuser" title="Weyerhaeuser">Weyerhaeuser Company</a> has innovated ways of utilizing <a href="/wiki/Clarifier" title="Clarifier">clarifiers</a>, biomass fuels, hog fuel, and newsprint sludges to create <a href="/wiki/Steam" title="Steam">steam</a> and cogenerated electricity, from such organic wastes, to decrease <a href="/wiki/Pollution" title="Pollution">pollution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2009, Weyerhaeuser reported "a net loss of $1.212 billion for the fourth quarter, or $5.73 per share, on net sales from continuing operations of $1.8 billion."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-gnis-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gnis_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/1531788">"Mount Coffin"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">United States Department of the Interior</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mount+Coffin&rft.btitle=Geographic+Names+Information+System&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Survey%2C+United+States+Department+of+the+Interior&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedits.nationalmap.gov%2Fapps%2Fgaz-domestic%2Fpublic%2Fsearch%2Fnames%2F1531788&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wesselius-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wesselius_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wesselius_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWesselius2001" class="citation journal cs1">Wesselius, Allen "Doc" (Fall 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://columbia.washingtonhistory.org/magazine/articles/2001/0301/0301-a3.aspx">"A Lasting Legacy: The Lewis and Clark Place Names of the Pacific Northwest-Part III"</a>. <i>Columbia</i>. <b>15</b> (3): 23–31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Columbia&rft.atitle=A+Lasting+Legacy%3A+The+Lewis+and+Clark+Place+Names+of+the+Pacific+Northwest-Part+III&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=23-31&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Wesselius&rft.aufirst=Allen+%22Doc%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcolumbia.washingtonhistory.org%2Fmagazine%2Farticles%2F2001%2F0301%2F0301-a3.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nisbet-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nisbet_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nisbet_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nisbet_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNisbet2003" class="citation book cs1">Nisbet, Jack (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q_DjC5d6PF0C"><i>Visible Bones: Journeys Across Time in the Columbia River Country</i></a>. Seattle: Sasquatch Books. pp. 111–130. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57061-376-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57061-376-0"><bdi>978-1-57061-376-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Visible+Bones%3A+Journeys+Across+Time+in+the+Columbia+River+Country&rft.place=Seattle&rft.pages=111-130&rft.pub=Sasquatch+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-57061-376-0&rft.aulast=Nisbet&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq_DjC5d6PF0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarey1922" class="citation book cs1">Carey, Charles Henry (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyoregon00henrgoog"><i>History of Oregon</i></a>. University of Michigan: The Pioneer historical publishing company. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyoregon00henrgoog/page/n156">145</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Oregon&rft.place=University+of+Michigan&rft.pages=145&rft.pub=The+Pioneer+historical+publishing+company&rft.date=1922&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.aufirst=Charles+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryoregon00henrgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarkMeriwether_LewisGary_E._MoultonThomas_W._Dunlay1990" class="citation book cs1">Clark, William; Meriwether Lewis; Gary E. Moulton; Thomas W. Dunlay (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=arAkfzdVj64C"><i>The Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition: November 2, 1805-March 22, 1806</i></a>. Vol. 6. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-2893-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-2893-1"><bdi>978-0-8032-2893-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Journals+of+the+Lewis+and+Clark+Expedition%3A+November+2%2C+1805-March+22%2C+1806&rft.place=Lincoln&rft.pages=27&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-8032-2893-1&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=William&rft.au=Meriwether+Lewis&rft.au=Gary+E.+Moulton&rft.au=Thomas+W.+Dunlay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DarAkfzdVj64C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarber1877" class="citation journal cs1">Barber, Edwin A. (1877). "Aboriginal Funereal Customs in the United States". <i>The American Naturalist</i>. <b>11</b> (4): 197–204. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F271866">10.1086/271866</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2447828">2447828</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:83710449">83710449</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Aboriginal+Funereal+Customs+in+the+United+States&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=197-204&rft.date=1877&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A83710449%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2447828%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F271866&rft.aulast=Barber&rft.aufirst=Edwin+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilma-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wilma_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilma_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilma2005" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Wilma, David (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?displaypage=output.cfm&file_id=7482">"Cowlitz County – A Thumbnail History."</a>. <i>HistoryLink.org – The Free Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History</i>. Washington State Department of Archeology and Historic Preservation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cowlitz+County+%E2%80%93+A+Thumbnail+History.&rft.btitle=HistoryLink.org+%E2%80%93+The+Free+Online+Encyclopedia+of+Washington+State+History&rft.pub=Washington+State+Department+of+Archeology+and+Historic+Preservation&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Wilma&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historylink.org%2Findex.cfm%3Fdisplaypage%3Doutput.cfm%26file_id%3D7482&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kirk-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kirk_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kirk_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKirkAlexander1995" class="citation book cs1">Kirk, Ruth; Alexander, Carmela (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BNAYPXb22sYC"><i>Exploring Washington's Past: A Road Guide to History</i></a>. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 332. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-295-97443-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-295-97443-9"><bdi>978-0-295-97443-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Exploring+Washington%27s+Past%3A+A+Road+Guide+to+History&rft.place=Seattle&rft.pages=332&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-295-97443-9&rft.aulast=Kirk&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft.au=Alexander%2C+Carmela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBNAYPXb22sYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan1977" class="citation journal cs1">Morgan, Murray (1977). "R. A. Long's Planned City: The Story of Longview by John M. McClelland, Jr". <i>Journal of Forest History</i>. <b>21</b> (2): 105–106. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3983470">10.2307/3983470</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3983470">3983470</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Forest+History&rft.atitle=R.+A.+Long%27s+Planned+City%3A+The+Story+of+Longview+by+John+M.+McClelland%2C+Jr.&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=105-106&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3983470&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3983470%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Murray&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEames1970" class="citation journal cs1">Eames, Diane D. (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/elq/vol1/iss1/6">"The Refuse Act of 1899: Its Scope and Role in Control of Water Pollution"</a>. <i>California Law Review</i>. <b>58</b> (6): 1444–1473. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3479704">10.2307/3479704</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3479704">3479704</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=California+Law+Review&rft.atitle=The+Refuse+Act+of+1899%3A+Its+Scope+and+Role+in+Control+of+Water+Pollution&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=1444-1473&rft.date=1970&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3479704&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3479704%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Eames&rft.aufirst=Diane+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholarship.law.berkeley.edu%2Felq%2Fvol1%2Fiss1%2F6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeshayaKerstetter1994" class="citation conference cs1">Deshaya, J.A.; Kerstetter, James D. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/259197-0TrTI9/webviewable/259197.pdf">http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/259197-0TrTI9/webviewable/259197.pdf</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>1994 Washington State directory of Biomass Energy Facilities</i>. Olympia: Washington State Energy Office, U.S. Department of Energy. pp. 8–39. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2172%2F259197">10.2172/259197</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.btitle=1994+Washington+State+directory+of+Biomass+Energy+Facilities&rft.place=Olympia&rft.pages=8-39&rft.pub=Washington+State+Energy+Office%2C+U.S.+Department+of+Energy&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2172%2F259197&rft.aulast=Deshaya&rft.aufirst=J.A.&rft.au=Kerstetter%2C+James+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osti.gov%2Fbridge%2Fservlets%2Fpurl%2F259197-0TrTI9%2Fwebviewable%2F259197.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_conference" title="Template:Cite conference">cite conference</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> missing title (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bare_url_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090217203129/http://weyerhaeuser.com/Company/Media/NewsReleases/NewsRelease?dcrID=09-02-06_WY4QEarningsRelease">"Weyerhaeuser News Release - Weyerhaeuser Reports Fourth Quarter Results"</a> (Press release). Weyerhaeuser Co. 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weyerhaeuser.com/Company/Media/NewsReleases/NewsRelease?dcrId=09-02-06_WY4QEarningsRelease">the original</a> on February 17, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weyerhaeuser+News+Release+-+Weyerhaeuser+Reports+Fourth+Quarter+Results&rft.pub=Weyerhaeuser+Co&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weyerhaeuser.com%2FCompany%2FMedia%2FNewsReleases%2FNewsRelease%3FdcrId%3D09-02-06_WY4QEarningsRelease&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Coffin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://columbiariverimages.com/Regions/Places/mount_coffin.html">The Columbia River – Mount Coffin, Washington</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trailtribes.org/fortclatsop/disease-and-burial-customs.htm">Lower Chinook and Clatsop Disease and Burial Customs</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120822022025/http://www.mylongview.com/community/longview_history.html">City of Longview, Washington: History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanantiquarian.org/Inventories/Drawings/drawings/warre26.jpg">Matte 26 Warre Collection – AAS Drawings Collection Inventory: Henry James, Sir (1819-1898). Mount Coffin and Mount St. Helen's (Volcanic) Columbia River; Watercolor. (6 7/8 x 9 5/8 in) (17 ½ x 24 ½ cm). ca. 1845. [Imprint Society number: 35]</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&oldid=1222178443">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&oldid=1222178443</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountains_of_Cowlitz_County,_Washington" title="Category:Mountains of Cowlitz County, Washington">Mountains of Cowlitz County, Washington</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountains_of_Washington_(state)" title="Category:Mountains of Washington (state)">Mountains of Washington (state)</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_bare_URL" title="Category:CS1 errors: bare URL">CS1 errors: bare URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Infobox_mapframe_without_OSM_relation_ID_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata">Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2009" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2009">Articles with unsourced statements from April 2009</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Kartographer_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Kartographer extension">Pages using the Kartographer extension</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 4 May 2024, at 11:32<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Coffin&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-zlb24","wgBackendResponseTime":130,"wgKartographerLiveData":{"_2261189a9634efcc24e18e335956219627761ef1":[{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoshape?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q6920194","properties":{"title":"Mount Coffin","fill-opacity":0.5,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":3,"fill":"#606060"}},{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoline?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q6920194","properties":{"stroke-width":5,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Mount Coffin"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[-122.9878905,46.1287229],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#5E74F3","title":"Mount Coffin","marker-symbol":"mountain"}}]},"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.598","walltime":"0.874","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3911,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":45104,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3988,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":49088,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 824.249 1 -total"," 43.32% 357.099 1 Template:Infobox_mountain"," 35.49% 292.539 1 Template:Infobox"," 24.65% 203.170 1 Template:Reflist"," 19.20% 158.284 1 Template:Short_description"," 14.37% 118.421 17 Template:Main_other"," 13.93% 114.833 1 Template:Cite_gnis"," 12.64% 104.204 1 Template:SDcat"," 12.53% 103.304 1 Template:Native_name_checker"," 5.72% 47.131 1 Template:Wikidata_image"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.389","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":21973390,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-7556f8b5dd-ltvzj","timestamp":"20241123084846","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Mount Coffin","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mount_Coffin","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6920194","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6920194","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2009-04-21T15:15:34Z","dateModified":"2024-05-04T11:32:26Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e2\/Gerald_W._Williams_Collection%2C_Ford_-47%2C_courtesy_Oregon_State.jpg","headline":"mountain in Washington (state), United States"}</script> </body> </html>