CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Nana Halim</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Nana Halim"> <meta name="keywords" content="Nana Halim"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Nana Halim" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Nana Halim"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 107</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Nana Halim</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Development and Performance of Aerobic Granular Sludge at Elevated Temperature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20M.%20Bob">Mustafa M. Bob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Izaidah%20Azmi"> Siti Izaidah Azmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Hakim%20Ab%20Halim"> Mohd Hakim Ab Halim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nur%20Syahida%20Abdul%20Jamal"> Nur Syahida Abdul Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aznah%20Nor-Anuar"> Aznah Nor-Anuar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaini%20Ujang"> Zaini Ujang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, the formation and development of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for domestic wastewater treatment application in hot climate conditions was studied using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The performance of the developed AGS in the removal of organic matter and nutrients from wastewater was also investigated. The operation of the reactor was based on the sequencing batch system with a complete cycle time of 3 hours that included feeding, aeration, settling, discharging and idling. The reactor was seeded with sludge collected from the municipal wastewater treatment plant in Madinah city, Saudi Arabia and operated at a temperature of 40ºC using synthetic wastewater as influent. Results showed that granular sludge was developed after an operation period of 30 days. The developed granular sludge had a good settling ability with the average size of the granules ranging from 1.03 to 2.42 mm. The removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP) were 87.31%, 91.93% and 61.25% respectively. These results show that AGS can be developed at elevated temperatures and it is a promising technique to treat domestic wastewater in hot and low humidity climate conditions such as those encountered in Saudi Arabia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerobic%20granular%20sludge" title="aerobic granular sludge">aerobic granular sludge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20climate" title=" hot climate"> hot climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequencing%20batch%20reactor" title=" sequencing batch reactor"> sequencing batch reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domestic%20wastewater%20treatment" title=" domestic wastewater treatment"> domestic wastewater treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15958/development-and-performance-of-aerobic-granular-sludge-at-elevated-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15958.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Issues in Implementation of Vertical Greenery System on Existing Government Building in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamilah%20Halina%20Abdul%20Halim">Jamilah Halina Abdul Halim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norsiah%20Hassan"> Norsiah Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azlina%20Aziz"> Azlina Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhayati%20Mat%20Wajid"> Norhayati Mat Wajid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Saipul%20Asrafi"> Mohd Saipul Asrafi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are various types of vertical greenery system (VGS) in Malaysia, but none is installed at government buildings, although the government is looking into energy efficient building design. This is due to lack of technical information that focus on the maintenance and care, issues, and challenges face by vertical greenery system under tropical climate conditions. This research aim to identify issues in implementation of vertical greenery system on existing government building in Malaysia. The methodology used are literature reviews (desktop study), observation on sites, and case studies. Initial findings indicates that design and maintenance issues of vertical greenery system are the main challenges faced mainly by designer, especially those who involved in decision-making process. It can be concluded that orientation, openings, maintenance, performance, longevity, structural load, access, wind resistance, design failure, system failure, and lack of maintenance foresight are the main factors that need to be considered. These factors should be holistically aligned towards the economic cost, effective time, and quality design in implementation of vertical greenery system on existing government building. A comprehensive implementation of vertical greenery system will lead to greater sustainable investment for government buildings and responsive action to climate change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=issues" title="issues">issues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=government%20building" title=" government building"> government building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance" title=" maintenance"> maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20greenery%20system" title=" vertical greenery system"> vertical greenery system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160626/issues-in-implementation-of-vertical-greenery-system-on-existing-government-building-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Production of Kudzu Starch Gels With Superior Mechanical and Rheological Properties Through Submerged Ethanol Exposure and Implications for in Vitro Digestion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John-Nelson%20Ekumah">John-Nelson Ekumah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Han"> Xu Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiufang%20Liang"> Qiufang Liang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benxi%20Wei"> Benxi Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arif%20Rashid"> Arif Rashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Safiullah"> Muhammad Safiullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Qayum"> Abdul Qayum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selorm%20Yao-Say%20Solomon%20Adade"> Selorm Yao-Say Solomon Adade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nana%20Adwoa%20Nkuma%20Johnson"> Nana Adwoa Nkuma Johnson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdur%20Rehman"> Abdur Rehman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaofeng%20Ren"> Xiaofeng Ren</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Producing starch gels with superior mechanical attributes remains a challenging pursuit. This research sought to develop a simple method using ethanol exposure to produce robust starch gels. The gels’ mechanical properties, rheology, structural characteristics, and digestion were assessed through textural, rheological, structural, and in vitro digestion analyses. it investigation revealed an improvement in gel’s strength from 62.22 to178.82 g. The thermal transitions were accelerated when ethanol was elevated. The exposure to ethanol resulted in a reduction in syneresis from 11% to 9.5% over a period of 6 hours with noticeable change in size and color. Rheologically, the dominating storage modulus and tan delta (<0.55) emphasized the gel’s improved elasticity. X-ray analysis showed a stable B + V-type pattern after ethanol exposure, with increasing relative crystallinity to 7.9%. Digestibility revealed an ethanol induced resistance, through increased resistant starch from 1.87 to 8.73%. In general, the exposure to ethanol played a crucial role in enhancing the mechanical characteristics of kudzu starch gels, while simultaneously preserving higher levels of resistant starch fractions. These findings have wide-ranging implications in the fields of food and pharmaceuticals, underscoring the extensive academic and industrial importance of this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kudzu%20starch%20gels" title="kudzu starch gels">kudzu starch gels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheological%20properties" title=" rheological properties"> rheological properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=submerged%20ethanol%20exposure" title=" submerged ethanol exposure"> submerged ethanol exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In%20vitro%20digestion" title=" In vitro digestion"> In vitro digestion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188373/production-of-kudzu-starch-gels-with-superior-mechanical-and-rheological-properties-through-submerged-ethanol-exposure-and-implications-for-in-vitro-digestion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">37</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> A New Correlation Between SPT-N and SSPT-N values for Various Soil Types in Peninsular Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdull%20Halim">Abdull Halim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Standard Penetration Test (SPT-N) is the most common in situ test for soil investigations. The Shearing Seismic Standard Penetration Test (SSPT-N), on the other hand, is a new method using shearing wave with propagation exponent equation between the shearing wave, Vs., and hardness, N values without any need for borehole data. Due to the fast and accurate results that can be obtained, the SSPT has found many applications such as in the field rectification buried pipe line, the acid tank settlement and foundation design analyses, and the quality control assessment. Many geotechnical regimes and properties have attempted to correlate both the SSPT and the SPT-N values. Various foundation design methods have been developed based on the outcomes of these tests. Hence, it is pertinent to correlate these tests so that either one of the test can be used in the absence of the other, especially for preliminary evaluation and design purposes. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the SSPT-N and SPT-N values for different types of cohesive soil in Peninsular Malaysia. Data were collected from four different sites, and the correlations were established between the hardness N values, principal stress-strain Mohr circle curve, cohesion, friction angle and vertical effective stress. A positive exponent relationship was found between the shearing wave, sVs., and the hardness N values of the soil. In general, the SSPT-N value was slightly lower than the SPT-N value due to the upper limit boundary of the soil layer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=InsituSoil%20determination%3B%20shearing%20wave%3B%20hardness%3B%20correlation" title="InsituSoil determination; shearing wave; hardness; correlation">InsituSoil determination; shearing wave; hardness; correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSPT-N" title=" SSPT-N"> SSPT-N</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPT-N" title=" SPT-N"> SPT-N</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140327/a-new-correlation-between-spt-n-and-sspt-n-values-for-various-soil-types-in-peninsular-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140327.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Effect of Different Carbon Fabric Orientations on the Fracture Properties of Carbon Fabric Reinforced Polymer Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20F.%20Halim">S. F. Halim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20F.%20Naguib"> H. F. Naguib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20N.%20Lawandy"> S. N. Lawandy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20S.%20Hegazy"> R. S. Hegazy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Baheg"> M. N. Baheg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main drawbacks of the traditional carbon fabric reinforced epoxy resin (CFRP) are low strain failure, delamination between composites layers, and low impact resistance due to the brittleness of epoxy resin. The aim of this study is to enhance the fracture properties of the CFRP composites laminates via the variation of composite's designs. A series of composites were fabricated in which bidirectional (00/900) carbon fabric (CF) layers were laid inside the resin matrix with orientation codes as F1 [(00, 900)/ (00, 900)], F2 [(900, 00)/ (00, 900)] and F3 [(00,900)/ (900, 00). The mechanical and dynamic properties of the composites were estimated. In addition, the morphology of samples surface was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) after impact fracture. The results revealed that the CFRP properties could be tailored fitting specific applications by controlling the fabric orientation inside the CFRP composite design. F2 orientation [(900, 00)/ (00.900)] showed the highest tensile and flexural strength values. On the other hand, the impact strength values of composites were in the order F1 > F2 > F3. The storage modulus, loss modulus, and glass transition temperature Tg values obtained from the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) examination was in the order F1 > F2 > F3. The variation in the properties of the composite was clearly explained by the SEM micrographs as the failure of F3 orientation properties was referred to as the complete breakage of the CF layers upon fracture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20fiber" title="carbon fiber">carbon fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFRP" title=" CFRP"> CFRP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composites" title=" composites"> composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxy%20resins" title=" epoxy resins"> epoxy resins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20strength" title=" flexural strength"> flexural strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124057/effect-of-different-carbon-fabric-orientations-on-the-fracture-properties-of-carbon-fabric-reinforced-polymer-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Severity Index Level in Effectively Managing Medium Voltage Underground Power Cable</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Azraei%20Pangah%20Pa%27at">Mohd Azraei Pangah Pa'at</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ruzlin%20Mohd%20Mokhtar"> Mohd Ruzlin Mohd Mokhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhidayu%20Rameli"> Norhidayu Rameli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tashia%20Marie%20Anthony"> Tashia Marie Anthony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huzainie%20Shafi%20Abd%20Halim"> Huzainie Shafi Abd Halim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Partial Discharge (PD) diagnostic mapping testing is one of the main diagnostic testing techniques that are widely used in the field or onsite testing for underground power cable in medium voltage level. The existence of PD activities is an early indication of insulation weakness hence early detection of PD activities can be determined and provides an initial prediction on the condition of the cable. To effectively manage the results of PD Mapping test, it is important to have acceptable criteria to facilitate prioritization of mitigation action. Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) through Distribution Network (DN) division have developed PD severity model name Severity Index (SI) for offline PD mapping test since 2007 based on onsite test experience. However, this severity index recommendation action had never been revised since its establishment. At presence, PD measurements data have been extensively increased, hence the severity level indication and the effectiveness of the recommendation actions can be analyzed and verified again. Based on the new revision, the recommended action to be taken will be able to reflect the actual defect condition. Hence, will be accurately prioritizing preventive action plan and minimizing maintenance expenditure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20discharge" title="partial discharge">partial discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severity%20index" title=" severity index"> severity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostic%20testing" title=" diagnostic testing"> diagnostic testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medium%20voltage" title=" medium voltage"> medium voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20cable" title=" power cable"> power cable</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128295/severity-index-level-in-effectively-managing-medium-voltage-underground-power-cable" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Assessing the Feasibility of Commercial Meat Rabbit Production in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nana%20Segu%20Acquaah-Harrison">Nana Segu Acquaah-Harrison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Osei%20Mensah"> James Osei Mensah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Aidoo"> Richard Aidoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Amponsah"> David Amponsah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amy%20Buah"> Amy Buah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gilbert%20Aboagye"> Gilbert Aboagye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aimed at assessing the feasibility of commercial meat rabbit production in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana. Structured and unstructured questionnaires were utilized in obtaining information from two hundred meat consumers and 15 meat rabbit farmers. Data were analyzed using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR)/Profitability Index (PI) technique, percentages and chi-square contingency test. The study found that the current demand for rabbit meat is low (36%). The desirable nutritional attributes of rabbit meat and other socio economic factors of meat consumers make the potential demand for rabbit meat high (69%). It was estimated that GH¢5,292 (approximately $ 2672) was needed as a start-up capital for a 40-doe unit meat rabbit farm in Kumasi Metropolis. The cost of breeding animals, housing and equipment formed 12.47%, 53.97% and 24.87% respectively of the initial estimated capital. A Net Present Value of GH¢ 5,910.75 (approximately $ 2984) was obtained at the end of the fifth year, with an internal rate return and profitability index of 70% and 1.12 respectively. The major constraints identified in meat rabbit production were low price of rabbit meat, shortage of fodder, pest and diseases, high cost of capital, high cost of operating materials and veterinary care. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that meat rabbit production is feasible in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana. The study recommends embarking on mass advertisement; farmer association and adapting to new technologies in the production process will help to enhance productivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feasibility" title="feasibility">feasibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commercial%20meat%20rabbit" title=" commercial meat rabbit"> commercial meat rabbit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production" title=" production"> production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kumasi" title=" Kumasi"> Kumasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghana" title=" Ghana"> Ghana</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110855/assessing-the-feasibility-of-commercial-meat-rabbit-production-in-the-kumasi-metropolis-of-ghana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110855.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Physician and Theologian: An Analysis of Ibn Rabban’s Approach on Sīra Nabawiyya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Sanusi%20Azmi">Ahmad Sanusi Azmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amiruddin%20Mohd%20Sobali"> Amiruddin Mohd Sobali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zulhilmi%20Mohamed%20Nor"> Zulhilmi Mohamed Nor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Yusuf%20Ismail"> Mohd Yusuf Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amran%20Abdul%20Halim"> Amran Abdul Halim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The non-Muslim communities’ reactions to the denials of the prophethood of Muḥammad in the ninth century created an impact on the development of Islamic prophetology. Vigorous refutations from non-Muslim community, specifically the Jews, Christians and Brahmins urged Muslims to develop a solid mechanism in defense of the status of their beloved prophet. One of the works that has been recognized as an apparatus to defend the Prophet Muḥammad veracity is al-Dīn wa al-Dawla composed by Ibn Rabban, a physician of the Caliph’s court. This study analyses the novelty of his approaches in exploring Sīra Nabawiyya and defending the prophethood of Muḥammad. The study employed a descriptive, comparative and critical approach where it analyses and extracts the author original approach in explaining the legitimacy of Muḥammad’s prophethood and enlightening the Prophet’s biography. The study in its finding argues that most of Ibn Rabban arguments in this work are actually developed from the foundations of Biblical scripture. His style of interpreting Biblical passages indicates a possible dependence on Ibn al-Layth’s letter. However, the way in which he presents Qur’ānic references seems not to be in accordance with Ibn al-Layth’s perspective. This is where the novelty of his approach is distinguished. As a result, the study also affirms that Ibn Rabban imposes his own standards of selection and interpretation of Qur’ānic verses when he applies it as reference to the Prophet life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%C4%ABra%20Nabawiyya" title="Sīra Nabawiyya">Sīra Nabawiyya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibn%20Rabban" title=" Ibn Rabban"> Ibn Rabban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=al-D%C4%ABn%20wa%20al-Dawla" title=" al-Dīn wa al-Dawla"> al-Dīn wa al-Dawla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christian" title=" Christian"> Christian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dal%C4%81il%20Nubuwwa" title=" Dalāil Nubuwwa"> Dalāil Nubuwwa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63307/physician-and-theologian-an-analysis-of-ibn-rabbans-approach-on-sira-nabawiyya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Experimental Study and Evaluation of Farm Environmental Monitoring System Based on the Internet of Things, Sudan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farid%20Eltom%20A.%20E.">Farid Eltom A. E.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Abdul-Halim"> Mustafa Abdul-Halim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdalla%20Markaz"> Abdalla Markaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sami%20Atta"> Sami Atta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Azhari"> Mohamed Azhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Rashed"> Ahmed Rashed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Smart environment sensors integrated with ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT) technology can provide a new concept in tracking, sensing, and monitoring objects in the environment. The aim of the study is to evaluate the farm environmental monitoring system based on (IoT) and to realize the automated management of agriculture and the implementation of precision production. Until now, irrigation monitoring operations in Sudan have been carried out using traditional methods, which is a very costly and unreliable mechanism. However, by utilizing soil moisture sensors, irrigation can be conducted only when needed without fear of plant water stress. The result showed that software application allows farmers to display current and historical data on soil moisture and nutrients in the form of line charts. Design measurements of the soil factors: moisture, electrical, humidity, conductivity, temperature, pH, phosphorus, and potassium; these factors, together with a timestamp, are sent to the data server using the Lora WAN interface. It is considered scientifically agreed upon in the modern era that artificial intelligence works to arrange the necessary procedures to take care of the terrain, predict the quality and quantity of production through deep analysis of the various operations in agricultural fields, and also support monitoring of weather conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20environment" title="smart environment">smart environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring%20systems" title=" monitoring systems"> monitoring systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title=" IoT"> IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LoRa%20Gateway" title=" LoRa Gateway"> LoRa Gateway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=center%20pivot" title=" center pivot"> center pivot</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182419/experimental-study-and-evaluation-of-farm-environmental-monitoring-system-based-on-the-internet-of-things-sudan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Determinants of Poverty: A Logit Regression Analysis of Zakat Applicants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zunaidah%20Ab%20Hasan">Zunaidah Ab Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azhana%20Othman"> Azhana Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abd%20Halim%20Mohd%20Noor"> Abd Halim Mohd Noor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Shahrina%20Mohd%20Rafien"> Nor Shahrina Mohd Rafien</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zakat is a portion of wealth contributed from financially able Muslims to be distributed to predetermine recipients; main among them are the poor and the needy. Distribution of the zakat fund is given with the objective to lift the recipients from poverty. Due to the multidimensional and multifaceted nature of poverty, it is imperative that the causes of poverty are properly identified for assistance given by zakat authorities reached the intended target. Despite, various studies undertaken to identify the poor correctly, there are reports of the poor not receiving the adequate assistance required from zakat. Thus, this study examines the determinants of poverty among applicants for zakat assistance distributed by the State Islamic Religious Council in Malacca (SIRCM). Malacca is a state in Malaysia. The respondents were based on the list of names of new zakat applicants for the month of April and May 2014 provided by SIRCM. A binary logistic regression was estimated based on this data with either zakat applications is rejected or accepted as the dependent variable and set of demographic variables and health as the explanatory variables. Overall, the logistic model successfully predicted factors of acceptance of zakat applications. Three independent variables namely gender, age; size of households and health significantly explain the likelihood of a successful zakat application. Among others, the finding suggests the importance of focusing on providing education opportunity in helping the poor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistic%20regression" title="logistic regression">logistic regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zakat%20distribution" title=" zakat distribution"> zakat distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=status%20of%20zakat%20applications" title=" status of zakat applications"> status of zakat applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty" title=" poverty"> poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12486/determinants-of-poverty-a-logit-regression-analysis-of-zakat-applicants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Using Thinking Blocks to Encourage the Use of Higher Order Thinking Skills among Students When Solving Problems on Fractions </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Halim%20Abdullah">Abdul Halim Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nur%20Liyana%20Zainal%20Abidin"> Nur Liyana Zainal Abidin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahani%20Mokhtar"> Mahani Mokhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Problem-solving is an activity which can encourage students to use Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Learning fractions can be challenging for students since empirical evidence shows that students experience difficulties in solving the fraction problems. However, visual methods can help students to overcome the difficulties since the methods help students to make meaningful visual representations and link abstract concepts in Mathematics. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether there were any changes in students’ HOTS at the four highest levels when learning the fractions by using Thinking Blocks. 54 students participated in a quasi-experiment using pre-tests and post-tests. Students were divided into two groups. The experimental group (n=32) received a treatment to improve the students’ HOTS and the other group acted as the control group (n=22) which used a traditional method. Data were analysed by using Mann-Whitney test. The results indicated that during post-test, students who used Thinking Blocks showed significant improvement in their HOTS level (p=0.000). In addition, the results of post-test also showed that the students’ performance improved significantly at the four highest levels of HOTS; namely, application (p=0.001), analyse (p=0.000), evaluate (p=0.000), and create (p=0.000). Therefore, it can be concluded that Thinking Blocks can effectively encourage students to use the four highest levels of HOTS which consequently enable them to solve fractions problems successfully. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thinking%20Blocks" title="Thinking Blocks">Thinking Blocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Higher%20Order%20Thinking%20Skills%20%28HOTS%29" title=" Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)"> Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractions" title=" fractions"> fractions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problem%20solving" title=" problem solving"> problem solving</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55882/using-thinking-blocks-to-encourage-the-use-of-higher-order-thinking-skills-among-students-when-solving-problems-on-fractions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55882.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Design of Multiband Microstrip Antenna Using Stepped Cut Method for WLAN/WiMAX and C/Ku-Band Applications </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Boutejdar">Ahmed Boutejdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bishoy%20I.%20Halim"> Bishoy I. Halim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soumia%20El%20Hani"> Soumia El Hani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larbi%20Bellarbi"> Larbi Bellarbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20Afyf"> Amal Afyf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a planar monopole antenna for multi band applications is proposed. The antenna structure operates at three operating frequencies at 3.7, 6.2, and 13.5 GHz which cover different communication frequency ranges. The antenna consists of a quasi-modified rectangular radiating patch with a partial ground plane and two parasitic elements (open-loop-ring resonators) to serve as coupling-bridges. A stepped cut at lower corners of the radiating patch and the partial ground plane are used, to achieve the multiband features. The proposed antenna is manufactured on the FR4 substrate and is simulated and optimized using High Frequency Simulation System (HFSS). The antenna topology possesses an area of 30.5 x 30 x 1.6 mm<sup>3</sup>. The measured results demonstrate that the candidate antenna has impedance bandwidths for 10 dB return loss and operates from 3.80 – 3.90 GHz, 4.10 – 5.20 GHz, 11.2 – 11.5 GHz and from 12.5 – 14.0 GHz, which meet the requirements of the wireless local area network (WLAN), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), C- (Uplink) and Ku- (Uplink) band applications. Acceptable agreement is obtained between measurement and simulation results. Experimental results show that the antenna is successfully simulated and measured, and the tri-band antenna can be achieved by adjusting the lengths of the three elements and it gives good gains across all the operation bands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planar%20monopole%20antenna" title="planar monopole antenna">planar monopole antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FR4%20substrate" title=" FR4 substrate"> FR4 substrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HFSS" title=" HFSS"> HFSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WLAN" title=" WLAN"> WLAN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WiMAX" title=" WiMAX"> WiMAX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C%20and%20Ku" title=" C and Ku"> C and Ku</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86412/design-of-multiband-microstrip-antenna-using-stepped-cut-method-for-wlanwimax-and-cku-band-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86412.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Exploring the Association between Risks Emerging from Climate Change Scenarios and the Built Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20M.%20Alzahrani">Abdullah M. Alzahrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdel%20Halim%20Boussabaine"> Abdel Halim Boussabaine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is an international consensus on the climate change in the entire world and this is as a result of the combination of the natural factors, such as volcanoes and hurricanes with increased of human activity on the earth, such as industrial renaissance. Where this solidarity increases emissions of greenhouse gases GHGs that considered as the main driver of climate change scenarios and related emerging risks and impacts on buildings. These climatic risks including damages, disruption and disquiet are set to increase and it is considered as the main challenges and difficulties facing built environment due to major implications on assets sector. Consequently, the threat from climate change patterns has a significant impact on a variety of complex human decisions, which affect all aspects of living. Understanding the relationship between buildings and such risks arising from climate change scenarios on buildings are the key in insuring the optimal timing and design of policies and systems, which affect all aspects of the built environment. This paper will uncovering this correlation between emerging climate change risks and the building assets. In addition, how these emerging risks can be classified in practical way in terms of their impact type on buildings. Hence, this mapping will assist professionals and interested parties in the building sector to cope with such risks in several systematic ways including development and designing of mitigation and adaptation strategies and processes of design, specification, construction, and operation; all these leads to successful management of assets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change%20risks" title=" climate change risks"> climate change risks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=built%20environment" title=" built environment"> built environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20sector" title=" building sector"> building sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impacts" title=" impacts"> impacts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29816/exploring-the-association-between-risks-emerging-from-climate-change-scenarios-and-the-built-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Right Ventricular Dynamics During Breast Cancer Chemotherapy in Low Cardiovascular Risk Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nana%20Gorgiladze">Nana Gorgiladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamar%20Gaprindashvili"> Tamar Gaprindashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mikheil%20Shavdia"> Mikheil Shavdia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zurab%20Pagava"> Zurab Pagava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction/Purpose Chemotherapy is a common treatment for breast cancer, but it can also cause damage to the heart and blood vessels. This damage, known as cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity (CTR-CVT), can increase the risk of heart failure and death in breast cancer patients. The left ventricle is often affected by CTR-CVT, but the right ventricle (RV) may also be vulnerable to CTR-CVT and may show signs of dysfunction before the left ventricle. The study aims to investigate how the RV function changes during chemotherapy for breast cancer by using conventional echocardiographic and global longitudinal strain (GLS) techniques. By measuring the GLS strain of the RV, researchers tend to detect early signs of CTR-CVT and improve the management of breast cancer patients. Methods The study was conducted on 28 women with low cardiovascular risk who received anthracycline chemotherapy for breast cancer. Conventional 2D echocardiography (LVEF, RVS’, TAPSE) and speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) measurements of the left and right ventricles (LVGLS, RVGLS) were used to assess cardiac function before and after chemotherapy. All patients had normal LVEF at the beginning of the study. Cardiotoxicity was defined as a new LVEF reduction of 10 percentage points to an LVEF of 40-49% and/or a new decline in GLS of 15% from baseline, as proposed by the most recent cardio-oncology guideline. ResultsThe research found that the LVGLS decreased from -21.2%2.1% to -18.6%2.6% (t-test = -4.116; df = 54, p=0.001). The change in value LV-GLS was 2.6%3.0%. The mean percentage change of the LVGLS was 11,6%13,3%; p=0.001. Similarly, the right ventricular global longitudinal strain (RVGLS) decreased from -25.2%2.9% to -21.4%4.4% (t-test = -3.82; df = 54, p=0.001). The RV-GLS value of change was 3.8%3.6%. Likewise, the percentage decrease of the RVGLS was 15,0%14,3%, p=0.001.However, the measurements of the right ventricular systolic function (RVS) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) were insignificant, and the left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) remained unchanged. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiotoxicity" title="cardiotoxicity">cardiotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemotherapy" title=" chemotherapy"> chemotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GLS" title=" GLS"> GLS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=right%20ventricle" title=" right ventricle"> right ventricle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172223/right-ventricular-dynamics-during-breast-cancer-chemotherapy-in-low-cardiovascular-risk-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Human Rights Legislations and Evolution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nawal%20Yacoub%20Halim%20Abdelmasih">Nawal Yacoub Halim Abdelmasih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The intersection between development and human rights has been the factor of scholarly debate for a long term. therefore, some of standards, which enlarge from the proper to development to the human rights-based totally method to development, had been adopted to apprehend the dynamics among the two standards. no matter these attempts, the exact relationship among improvement and human rights has not been completely determined but. however, the inevitable interdependence between the two notions and the idea that improvement efforts ought to be undertaken with the aid of giving due regard to human rights ensures has won momentum in recent years. then again, the emergence of sustainable development as a extensively common technique in development dreams and policies makes this unsettled convergence even extra complicated. The vicinity of sustainable improvement in human rights regulation discourse and the function of the latter in making sure the sustainability of development applications name for a scientific observe. as a result, this newsletter seeks to discover the relationship among development and human rights, particularly focusing at the location given to sustainable development principles in international human proper regulation. it'll similarly quest whether or not there is a proper to sustainable improvement diagnosed therein. as a result, the item asserts that the ideas of sustainable improvement are immediately or circuitously diagnosed in diverse human rights contraptions, which affords an affirmative response to the question raised hereinabove. This paintings, therefore, will make expeditions via international and regional human rights devices in addition to case legal guidelines and interpretative hints of human rights bodies to show this speculation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20right%20to%20development" title=" the right to development"> the right to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20human%20rights-based%20approach%20to%20development" title=" the human rights-based approach to development"> the human rights-based approach to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20rights" title=" environmental rights"> environmental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability%20human%20rights%20protection" title=" social sustainability human rights protection"> social sustainability human rights protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights%20violations" title=" human rights violations"> human rights violations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workers%E2%80%99%20rights" title=" workers’ rights"> workers’ rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=justice" title=" justice"> justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190346/the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-on-human-rights-legislations-and-evolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Students' Perception of Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) Skills in Setting up the Simulator Welding Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Afif%20Md%20Nasir">Mohd Afif Md Nasir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faizal%20Amin%20Nur%20Yunus"> Faizal Amin Nur Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamaluddin%20Hashim"> Jamaluddin Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abd%20Samad%20Hassan%20Basari"> Abd Samad Hassan Basari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Halim%20Sahelan"> A. Halim Sahelan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to identify the suitability of Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) in welding simulator application towards Computer-Based Training (CBT) in developing skills upon new students at the Advanced Technology Training Center (ADTEC), Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia and GIATMARA, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. The purpose of the study is to create a computer-based skills development approach in welding technology among new students in ADTEC and GIATMARA, as well as cultivating the elements of general skills among them. This study is also important in elevating the number of individual knowledge workers (K-workers) working in manufacturing industry in order to achieve a national vision which is to be an industrial nation in the year of 2020. The design of the study is a survey type of research which uses questionnaires as the instruments and 136 students from ADTEC and GIATMARA were interviewed. Descriptive analysis is used to identify the frequency and mean values. The findings of the study shows that the welding technology skills have developed in the students as a result of the application of VLE simulator at a high level and the respondents agreed that the skills could be embedded through the application of the VLE simulator. In summary, the VLE simulator is suitable in welding skills development training in terms of exposing new students with the relevant characteristics of welding skills and at the same time spurring the students’ interest towards learning more about the skills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer-based%20training%20%28CBT%29" title="computer-based training (CBT)">computer-based training (CBT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20workers%20%28K-workers%29" title=" knowledge workers (K-workers)"> knowledge workers (K-workers)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20learning%20environment" title=" virtual learning environment"> virtual learning environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20simulator" title=" welding simulator"> welding simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20technology" title=" welding technology"> welding technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31784/students-perception-of-virtual-learning-environment-vle-skills-in-setting-up-the-simulator-welding-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31784.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Sustainable Radiation Curable Palm Oil-Based Products for Advanced Materials Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Tajau">R. Tajau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rohani"> R. Rohani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Alias"> M. S. Alias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20H.%20Mudri"> N. H. Mudri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20A.%20Abdul%20Halim"> K. A. Abdul Halim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Harun"> M. H. Harun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Mat%20Isa"> N. Mat Isa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Che%20Ismail"> R. Che Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Muhammad%20Faisal"> S. Muhammad Faisal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Talib"> M. Talib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Mohamed%20Zin"> M. R. Mohamed Zin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bio-based polymeric materials are increasingly used for a variety of applications, including surface coating, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering. These polymeric materials are ideal for the aforementioned applications because they are derived from natural resources, non-toxic, low-cost, biocompatible, and biodegradable, and have promising thermal and mechanical properties. The nature of hydrocarbon chains, carbon double bonds, and ester bonds allows various sources of oil (edible), such as soy, sunflower, olive, and oil palm, to fine-tune their particular structures in the development of innovative materials. Palm oil can be the most eminent raw material used for manufacturing new and advanced natural polymeric materials involving radiation techniques, such as coating resins, nanoparticles, scaffold, nanotubes, nanocomposites, and lithography for different branches of the industry in countries where oil palm is abundant. The radiation technique is among the most versatile, cost-effective, simple, and effective methods. Crosslinking, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT), polymerisation, grafting, and degradation are among the radiation mechanisms. Exposure to gamma, EB, UV, or laser irradiation, which are commonly used in the development of polymeric materials, is used in these mechanisms. Therefore, this review focuses on current radiation processing technologies for the development of various radiation-curable bio-based polymeric materials with a promising future in biomedical and industrial applications. The key focus of this review is on radiation curable palm oil-based products, which have been published frequently in recent studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=palm%20oil" title="palm oil">palm oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20processing" title=" radiation processing"> radiation processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20coatings" title=" surface coatings"> surface coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VOC" title=" VOC"> VOC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137696/sustainable-radiation-curable-palm-oil-based-products-for-advanced-materials-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Effect of Co-Infection With Intestinal Parasites on COVID-19 Severity: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teklay%20Gebrecherkos">Teklay Gebrecherkos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawit%20Wolday"> Dawit Wolday</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamud%20Abdulkader"> Muhamud Abdulkader</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: COVID-19 symptomatology in Africa appears significantly less serious than in the industrialized world. Our hypothesis for this phenomenon, being a different, more activated immune system due to parasite infections contributes to reduced COVID-19 outcome. We investigated this hypothesis in an endemic area in sub sub-saharan Africa. Methods: Ethiopian COVID-19 patients were enrolled and screened for intestinal parasites, between July 2020 and March 2021. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with severe COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by RT-PCR on samples obtained from nasopharyngeal swabs, while direct microscopic examination, modified Ritchie concentration, and Kato-Katz methods were used to identify parasites and ova from a fresh stool sample. Ordinal logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between parasite infection and COVID-19 severity. Models were adjusted for sex, age, residence, education level, occupation, body mass index, and comorbidities. Data were analyzed using STATA version 14. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 751 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients were enrolled, of whom 284 (37•8%) had an intestinal parasitic infection. Only 27/255 (10•6%) severe COVID-19 patients were co-infected with intestinal parasites, while 257/496 (51•8%) non-severe COVID-19 patients appeared parasite positive (p<0.0001). Patients co-infected with parasites had lower odds of developing severe COVID-19, with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 0•14 (95% CI 0•09–0•24; p<0•0001) for all parasites, AOR 0•20 ([95% CI 0•11–0•38]; p<0•0001) for protozoa, and AOR 0•13 ([95% CI 0•07–0•26]; p<0•0001) for helminths. When stratified by species, co-infection with Entamoeba spp., Hymenolopis nana, and Schistosoma mansoni implied a lower probability of developing severe COVID-19. There were 11 deaths (1•5%), and all were among patients without parasites (p=0•009). Conclusions: Parasite co-infection is associated with a reduced risk of severe COVID-19 in African patients. Parasite-driven immunomodulatory responses may mute hyper-inflammation associated with severe COVID-19. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SARS-COV-2" title=" SARS-COV-2"> SARS-COV-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intestinal%20parasite" title=" intestinal parasite"> intestinal parasite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RT-PCR" title=" RT-PCR"> RT-PCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-infection" title=" co-infection"> co-infection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175844/effect-of-co-infection-with-intestinal-parasites-on-covid-19-severity-a-prospective-observational-cohort-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> The Bayesian Premium Under Entropy Loss</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farouk%20Metiri">Farouk Metiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halim%20Zeghdoudi"> Halim Zeghdoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Riad%20Remita"> Mohamed Riad Remita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Credibility theory is an experience rating technique in actuarial science which can be seen as one of quantitative tools that allows the insurers to perform experience rating, that is, to adjust future premiums based on past experiences. It is used usually in automobile insurance, worker's compensation premium, and IBNR (incurred but not reported claims to the insurer) where credibility theory can be used to estimate the claim size amount. In this study, we focused on a popular tool in credibility theory which is the Bayesian premium estimator, considering Lindley distribution as a claim distribution. We derive this estimator under entropy loss which is asymmetric and squared error loss which is a symmetric loss function with informative and non-informative priors. In a purely Bayesian setting, the prior distribution represents the insurer’s prior belief about the insured’s risk level after collection of the insured’s data at the end of the period. However, the explicit form of the Bayesian premium in the case when the prior is not a member of the exponential family could be quite difficult to obtain as it involves a number of integrations which are not analytically solvable. The paper finds a solution to this problem by deriving this estimator using numerical approximation (Lindley approximation) which is one of the suitable approximation methods for solving such problems, it approaches the ratio of the integrals as a whole and produces a single numerical result. Simulation study using Monte Carlo method is then performed to evaluate this estimator and mean squared error technique is made to compare the Bayesian premium estimator under the above loss functions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bayesian%20estimator" title="bayesian estimator">bayesian estimator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credibility%20theory" title=" credibility theory"> credibility theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy%20loss" title=" entropy loss"> entropy loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monte%20carlo%20simulation" title=" monte carlo simulation"> monte carlo simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47704/the-bayesian-premium-under-entropy-loss" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> The Epidemiological Study on Prevalence of Giardia lamblia among Children in Esfahan City of Iran </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahla%20Rostamirad">Shahla Rostamirad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: Giardiasis is a widespread infection in humans caused by Giardia lamblia. The prevalence of this parasite among children in Isfahan of Iran is unknown. This study intended to estimate Giardia lamblia infection prevalence and identify possible associated risk factors in a healthy pediatric population living in the Isfahan, a metropolitan city of Iran. Methods: Between September 2010 and March 2012, 1448 stool sample from children with clinical manifestation that refer to clinical lab in Isfahan city for stool examination were collected and analyzed. About 1218 samples were positive for parasitic disease. All of samples were examined and diagnosed by direct examination and formalin-ether concentration of stools. Results: A total of 1218 positive cases were analyzed in this study. The findings showed that 92.5% of patients were infected by protozoa and 7.5 percent with helminth infection. The highest and lowest rate of infection belongs to Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica with 75% and 1.1%, respectively. Other infection cases were included of Blastocystys hominis 9.9%, E. coli 6.5%, H. nana 1.3%, Enterobious vermicolaris 4% and Ascaris lumbricoides 2.2% percent. The population studied revealed a gender distribution of 53.2% male and 46.8% female. Age distribution was 57.3% between 0-5 years and 42.7% between 6-15 years.The prevalence was higher among children aged 0-5 years (57.8%), than among older children (42.2%). Conclusion: The prevalence of protozoan parasite, especially Giardiasis, in children residing in the region of Isfahan is high. Several risk factors were associated with this prevalence and highlight the importance of parents' education and sanitation conditions in the children's well being. The association between Giardia lamblia and H. pylori seems an important issue deserving further investigation in order to promote prevention or treatment strategies. Other risk factor include presence of Helicobacter pylori infection, living in houses with own drainage system and reported household, pet contact, especially with cat and dog. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giardia%20duodenalis" title="Giardia duodenalis">Giardia duodenalis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isfahan" title=" Isfahan"> Isfahan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14710/the-epidemiological-study-on-prevalence-of-giardia-lamblia-among-children-in-esfahan-city-of-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Contributions of Women to the Development of Hausa Literature as an Effective Means of Public Enlightenment: The Case of a 19th Century Female Scholar Maryam Bint Uthman Ibn Foduye</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balbasatu%20Ibrahim">Balbasatu Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the 19th century, Hausaland an Islamic revolution known as the Sokoto Jihad took place that led to the establishment of the Sokoto Caliphate in 1804 under the leadership of the famous Sheik Uthman Bn Fodiye. Before the Jihad movement in Hausaland (now Northern Nigeria), women were left in ignorance and were used and dumped like old kitchen utensils. The sheik and his followers did their best to actualising women’s right to education by using their female family members as role models who were highly educated and renowned scholars. After the Jihad with the establishment of an Islamic state, the women scholars initiated different strategies to teach the generality of the women. The most efficient strategy was the ‘Yantaru Movement founded by Nana Asma’u the daughter of Sheikh Uthman Bn Fodiye in collaboration with her sisters around 1840. The ‘Yantaru movement is a women’s educational movement aimed at enlightening women in rural and urban areas. The move helped in massively mobilizing women for education. In addition to town pupils, women from villages and throughout the nooks and crannies of metropolitan Sokoto participated in the movement in the search for knowledge. Thus, the birth of the ‘Yantaru system of women’s education. The ‘Yantaru operates the three-tier system at village, town and the metropolitan capital of Sokoto. ‘Yantaru functions include imparting knowledge to elderly women and young girls. Step down enlightenment program on returning home. The most effective medium of communication in the ‘Yantaru movement was through poetry where scholars composed educational poems which were memorized by the ‘Yantaru, who on return recite it to fellow women at home. Through this system, many women were educated. This paper translated and examines one of such educative poems written by the second leader of the ‘Yantaru Movement Maryam Bn Uthman Bn Fodiye in 1855. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English" title="English">English</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hausa%20language" title=" Hausa language"> Hausa language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20enlightenment" title=" public enlightenment"> public enlightenment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Bint%20Uthman%20Ibn%20Foduye" title=" Maryam Bint Uthman Ibn Foduye"> Maryam Bint Uthman Ibn Foduye</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20168/contributions-of-women-to-the-development-of-hausa-literature-as-an-effective-means-of-public-enlightenment-the-case-of-a-19th-century-female-scholar-maryam-bint-uthman-ibn-foduye" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> The Untold Story of the Importance of ‘Insignia Imprinted’ for the Heritage Clay Roof Tiles in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Sulaiman">M. S. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Hassan"> N. Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Aziz"> M. A. Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20A.%20Haron"> M. S. A. Haron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20H.%20A.%20Halim"> J. H. A. Halim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The classic profile of heritage clay roof tiles gives unique characteristics and timeless style to the almost historical building. It is not only designed to meet basic construction needs, offering great performance and durability but also highlights unnoticed stamp impressions, known as ‘insignia imprinted.’ It seems that the insignia imprinted is not significant to all stakeholders, especially in preserving heritage clay roof tiles in Malaysia. They are not even realized the existence and importance of that element, where it represents the cognitive and social character of that particular era. It creates a sense of belongings for the manufacturers regarding their most elementary features, such as a fortress, crown, fauna and etc. This research aims to identify and analyze the late stamp marks on heritage interlocking clay roof tiles in a government heritage building in Malaysia. The methodology used is literature reviews (desktop study), observation on sites, and interviews. Initial findings from the preliminary observation on-site in Peninsular Malaysia show some evidence that the stamp marks appear on the front and back sides of the tile that indicates the year, manufacturer, code numbers, and logos. Almost more than 30 samples of different types of stamp marks were found and collected. Some of which had been described Guichard & Carvin Cie Marsielle St Andre France, Pierre Sacoman St Henry Marsielle, Tuileries Aixoises Les Milles B.D.R France, The Calicut Tile Co Feroke, And B. Pinto & Co Mangalore dated 1865, 1919 and 1936. In view of this abundance of materials, it will lead to the establishment of a comprehensive database consisting of detailed specifications and material performance for future conservation works and maintenance purposes that will sustain for future references. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20roof%20tiles" title="clay roof tiles">clay roof tiles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insignia%20imprinted" title=" insignia imprinted"> insignia imprinted</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interlocking" title=" interlocking"> interlocking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stamp%20mark" title=" stamp mark"> stamp mark</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160595/the-untold-story-of-the-importance-of-insignia-imprinted-for-the-heritage-clay-roof-tiles-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160595.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> A Survey on E-Guide to Educational Tour Planning in Environmental Science among Standard Six Primary School Students the Ministry of Education Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.Halim%20Sahelan">A.Halim Sahelan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Halid%20Abu"> Mohd Halid Abu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamaluddin%20Hashim"> Jamaluddin Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zulisman%20Maksom"> Zulisman Maksom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Afif%20Md%20Nasir"> Mohd Afif Md Nasir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to assess the students' needs for the tour planning e-guide. The study is developing on the contribution and importance of the Educational Tour Planning Guide (ETP) is a multimedia courseware as one of the effective methods in teaching and learning of environmental science among the students in primary schools of the Ministry of Education, Malaysia. It is to provide the student with knowledge and experience about tourism, environmental science activities and process. E-guide to ETP also hopes to strengthen the student understanding toward the subject learns in the tourism environmental science. In order to assess the student's needs on the e-Guide to Educational Tour Planning in Environmental Science, the study has produced a similar e-Guide to ETP in the form as a courseware to be tested during the study. The study has involved several steps in order to be completed. It is such as the formulation of the problem, the review of the literature, the formulation of the study methodology, the production of the e-Guide to ETP, field survey and finally the analyses and discussion made on the data gathered during the study. The survey has involved 100 respondents among the students in standard six primary schools in Kluang Johor. Through the findings, the study indicates that the currently tested product is acceptable among the students in learning environmental science as a guide to plan for the tour. The findings also show a slight difference between the respondents who are using the e-Guide to ETP, and those who are not on the basis of the e-Guide to ETP results. Due the important for the study, the researcher hopes to be having a fair discussion and excellence, recommendation for the development of the product of the current study. This report is written also important to provide a written reference for the future related study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20tour%20planning%20e-guide" title="the tour planning e-guide">the tour planning e-guide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Educational%20Tour%20Planning%20Guide" title=" the Educational Tour Planning Guide"> the Educational Tour Planning Guide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20science" title=" environmental science"> environmental science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimedia%20course%20ware" title=" multimedia course ware"> multimedia course ware</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31785/a-survey-on-e-guide-to-educational-tour-planning-in-environmental-science-among-standard-six-primary-school-students-the-ministry-of-education-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Trainees' Perception of Virtual Learning Skills in Setting up the Simulator Welding Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Afif%20Md%20Nasir">Mohd Afif Md Nasir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Faizal%20Amin%20Nur"> Mohd Faizal Amin Nur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamaluddin%20Hasim"> Jamaluddin Hasim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abd%20Samad%20Hasan%20Basari"> Abd Samad Hasan Basari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Halim%20Sahelan"> Mohd Halim Sahelan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is aimed to investigate the suitability of Computer-Based Training (CBT) as one of the approaches in skills competency development at the Centre of Instructor and Advanced Skills Training (CIAST) Shah Alam Selangor and National Youth Skills Institute (NYSI) Pagoh Muar Johor. This study has also examined the perception among trainees toward Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) as to realize the development of skills in Welding Technology. The significance of the study is to create a computer-based skills development approach in welding technology among new trainees in CIAST and IKBN as well as to cultivate the element of general skills among them. This study is also important in elevating the number of individual knowledge workers (K-Workers) working in manufacturing industry in order to achieve the national vision which is to be an industrial nation in the year 2020. The design is a survey of research which using questionnaires as the instruments and is conducted towards 136 trainees from CIAST and IKBN. Data from the questionnaires is proceeding in a Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) in order to find the frequency, mean and chi-square testing. The findings of the study show the welding technology skills have developed in the trainees as a result of the application of the Virtual Reality simulator at a high level (mean=3.90) and the respondents agreed the skills could be embedded through the application of the Virtual Reality simulator (78.01%). The Study also found that there is a significant difference between trainee skill characteristics through the application of the Virtual Reality simulator (p<0.05). Thereby, the Virtual Reality simulator is suitable to be used in the development of welding skills among trainees through the skills training institute. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer-based%20training" title="computer-based training">computer-based training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20learning%20environment" title=" virtual learning environment"> virtual learning environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20technology" title=" welding technology"> welding technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality%20simulator" title=" virtual reality simulator"> virtual reality simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20learning%20environment" title=" virtual learning environment"> virtual learning environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30219/trainees-perception-of-virtual-learning-skills-in-setting-up-the-simulator-welding-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30219.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Citrullinated Myelin Basic Protein Mediated Inflammation in Astrocytes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lali%20Shanshiashvili">Lali Shanshiashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marika%20Chikviladze"> Marika Chikviladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nino%20Mamulashvili"> Nino Mamulashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maia%20Sepashvili"> Maia Sepashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nana%20Narmania"> Nana Narmania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Mikeladze"> David Mikeladze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: During demyelinating inflammatory diseases and after the damage of the myelin sheet, myelin-derived proteins, including myelin basic protein (MBP), are secreted into the extracellular space. MBP shows extensive post-translational modifications, including the deimination of arginine residues. Deiminated MBP is structurally less ordered, susceptible to proteolytic attack, and more immunogenic than the unmodified one. It is hypothesized that MBP could change the inflammatory response in astrocytes. Methods: MBP was isolated and purified from bovine brain white matter. Primary astrocyte cultures were prepared from whole brains of 2-day-old Wistar rats. For evaluation of glutamate uptake/release in astrocytes following treatment of cells with MBP charge isomers, Glutamate Assay Kit was used. The expression of EAAT-2 (excitatory amino acid transporters), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR- γ), inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (IkB), and high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in astrocytes were assayed by Western Blot analysis. Results: This study investigated the action of deiminated isomer (C8) on the cultured primary astrocytes and compared its effects with the effects of unmodified C1 isomers. The study found that C8 and C1 MBP differently act on the uptake and release of glutamate in astrocytes: nonmodified C1 MBP increases the uptake of glutamate and does not change the release, whereas C8 decreases the release of glutamate but does not alter the uptake. Nevertheless, both isomers increased the expression of PPAR-γ and EAAT2 in the same intensity. However, immunostaining and Western Blots of cell lysates showed a decrease of IkB and increased expression of HMGB1 after the treatment of astrocytes by C8. Moreover, in the presence of C8, astrocytes release more nitric oxide than unmodified C1 isomers. Conclusion: These data suggest that the deiminated isomer of MBP evokes an inflammatory response and enhances the ability of astrocytes to release proinflammatory mediators through activation of NF-kB after the breakdown of myelin sheets. Acknowledgment: This research was supported by the SRNSF Georgia RF17_534 grant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=myelin%20basic%20protein" title="myelin basic protein">myelin basic protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glutamate" title=" glutamate"> glutamate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deimination" title=" deimination"> deimination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=astrocytes" title=" astrocytes"> astrocytes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammation" title=" inflammation"> inflammation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136882/citrullinated-myelin-basic-protein-mediated-inflammation-in-astrocytes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136882.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Stroke Rehabilitation via Electroencephalogram Sensors and an Articulated Robot</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Winncy%20Du">Winncy Du</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeremy%20Nguyen"> Jeremy Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harpinder%20Dhillon"> Harpinder Dhillon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reinardus%20Justin%20Halim"> Reinardus Justin Halim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clayton%20Haske"> Clayton Haske</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trent%20Hughes"> Trent Hughes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marissa%20Ortiz"> Marissa Ortiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rozy%20Saini"> Rozy Saini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stroke often causes death or cerebro-vascular (CV) brain damage. Most patients with CV brain damage lost their motor control on their limbs. This paper focuses on developing a reliable, safe, and non-invasive EEG-based robot-assistant stroke rehabilitation system to help stroke survivors to rapidly restore their motor control functions for their limbs. An electroencephalogram (EEG) recording device (EPOC Headset) and was used to detect a patient’s brain activities. The EEG signals were then processed, classified, and interpreted to the motion intentions, and then converted to a series of robot motion commands. A six-axis articulated robot (AdeptSix 300) was employed to provide the intended motions based on these commends. To ensure the EEG device, the computer, and the robot can communicate to each other, an Arduino microcontroller is used to physically execute the programming codes to a series output pins’ status (HIGH or LOW). Then these “hardware” commends were sent to a 24 V relay to trigger the robot’s motion. A lookup table for various motion intensions and the associated EEG signal patterns were created (through training) and installed in the microcontroller. Thus, the motion intention can be direct determined by comparing the EEG patterns obtaibed from the patient with the look-up table’s EEG patterns; and the corresponding motion commends are sent to the robot to provide the intended motion without going through feature extraction and interpretation each time (a time-consuming process). For safety sake, an extender was designed and attached to the robot’s end effector to ensure the patient is beyond the robot’s workspace. The gripper is also designed to hold the patient’s limb. The test results of this rehabilitation system show that it can accurately interpret the patient’s motion intension and move the patient’s arm to the intended position. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20waves" title="brain waves">brain waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EEG%20sensor" title=" EEG sensor"> EEG sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20control" title=" motion control"> motion control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robot-assistant%20stroke%20rehabilitation" title=" robot-assistant stroke rehabilitation"> robot-assistant stroke rehabilitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63586/stroke-rehabilitation-via-electroencephalogram-sensors-and-an-articulated-robot" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> A Rare Case of Endometriosis Lesion in Caecum Causing Acute Small Bowel Obstruction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Freda%20Halim">Freda Halim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Endometriosis in bowel is rare condition, about 3-37% of endometriosis cases. Most of bowel endometriosis rising in the rectosigmoid (90% of bowel endometriosis). The incidence of caecal endometriosis is very low ( < 5% of bowel endometriosis) and almost never causing acute small bowel obstruction. The aim of this paper is to show that although bowel obstruction caused by caecal endometriosis is difficult to diagnose as it is rare, and may require laparotomy to make definite diagnosis, but it should be considered in infertile female patient. The case is 37 years old woman infertile woman with intestinal obstruction with pre-operative diagnosis total acute small bowel obstruction caused by right colonic mass, with sepsis as the complication. Before the acute small bowel obstruction, she complained of chronic right lower quadrant pain with chronic constipation alternate with chronic diarrhea, symptoms that happened both in bowel endometriosis and colorectal malignancy. She also complained of chronic pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea. She was married for 10 years with no child. The patient was never diagnosed with endometriosis and never seek medical attention for infertility and the chronic pelvic pain. The patient underwent Abdominal CT Scan, with results: massive small bowel obstruction, and caecal mass that causing acute small bowel obstruction. Diagnosis of acute small bowel obstruction due to right colonic mass was made, and exploratory laparotomy was performed in the patient. During the laparotomy, mass at caecum and ileocaecal that causing massive small bowel obstruction was found and standard right hemicolectomy and temporary ileostomy were performed. The pathology examination showed ectopic endometriosis lesions in caecum and ileocaecal valve. The histopathology also confirmed with the immunohistochemistry, in which positive ER, PR, CD 10 and CD7 was found the ileocaecal and caecal mass. In the second operation, reanastomosis of the ileum was done 3 months after the first operation. The chronic pelvic pain is decreasing dramatically after the first and second operation. In conclusion, although bowel obstruction caused by caecal endometriosis is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction, but it can be considered as a cause in infertile female patient <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute" title="acute">acute</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bowel%20obstruction" title=" bowel obstruction"> bowel obstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caecum" title=" caecum"> caecum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometriosis" title=" endometriosis"> endometriosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84561/a-rare-case-of-endometriosis-lesion-in-caecum-causing-acute-small-bowel-obstruction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> The Study on How Outward Direct Investment of Chinese MNEs to European Union Area Affect the Domestic Industrial Structure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nana%20Weng">Nana Weng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> From 2008, Chinese Foreign Direct Investment flows to the European Union continued its rapid rise. Currently, the industrial structure adjustment in developing countries has also been placed on the international movement of factors of production. Now China economy is in an important period of transformation on industrial structure adjustment. Under the international transfer of industry background, the adjustment of industrial structure upgrading and sophistication are the key elements of a successful economic transformation. In order to achieve a virtuous cycle of foreign investment patterns and optimize the industrial structure of foreign direct investment as well, the research on the positive the role of the EU direct investment and how it impact China’s industrial structure optimization and upgrading is of great significance. In this paper, the author explained how the EU as an investment destination is different with the United States and ASEAN. Then, based on the theory of FDI and industrial structure and combining the four kinds of motives of China’s ODI in EU, this paper explained the impact mechanism which has influenced China domestic industrial structure primarily through the Transfer effect, Correlation effect and Competitive effect. On the premise that FDI activities do affect the home country’s domestic industrial structure, this paper made empirical analysis with industrial panel data. With the help of Gray Correlation Method and Limited Distributed Lags, this paper found that China/s ODI in the EU impacted the tertiary industry strongly and had a significant positive impact, particularly the manufacturing industry and the financial industry. This paper also pointed out that Chinese MNEs should realize several issues, such as pay more attention to high-tech industries so that they can make the best use of reverse technology spillover. When Chinese enterprises ‘go out,' they ought to keep in mind that domestic research and development capital contribution can make greater economic growth. Finally, based on theoretical and empirical analysis results, this paper presents the industry choice recommendations in the future of the EU direct investment, particularly through the development of the proper rational industrial policy and industrial development strategic to guide the industrial restructuring and upgrading. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=china%20ODI%20in%20european%20union" title="china ODI in european union">china ODI in european union</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20structure%20optimization" title=" industrial structure optimization"> industrial structure optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20mechanism" title=" impact mechanism"> impact mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20analysis" title=" empirical analysis"> empirical analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73684/the-study-on-how-outward-direct-investment-of-chinese-mnes-to-european-union-area-affect-the-domestic-industrial-structure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> The Misconception Terminology of ‘Marseilles’ Clay Roof Tiles in Malaysia’s Conservation Work</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masyitah%20Abd%20Aziz">Masyitah Abd Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Sabere%20Sulaiman"> Mohd Sabere Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norsiah%20Hassan"> Norsiah Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamilah%20Halina%20Abdul%20Halim"> Jamilah Halina Abdul Halim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Saipul%20Asrafi%20Haron"> Mohd Saipul Asrafi Haron</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A well-defined terminology of ‘Marseilles’ clay roof tiles in conservation works will easily characterize the communication delivery between expert and layperson, which will help people effectively understand to such specific knowledge areas. While it reduces ambiguity and increases clarity, the communication will translate very fast as it encourage an important factor in quality of the preservation of cultural heritage for future generations. The experts in conservation works faces many important terms, and indeed the very basic terminology in conservation areas were misunderstood. Thus, there were such terminology that being taken for granted and just follow seriously the tradition of the common practitioner without having any precise knowledge of what it entails. This study aims to investigate on the misconception of the terminology of ‘Marseilles’ clay roof tiles that being used in Malaysia’s conservation work. To avoid confusion of the terminology of ‘Marseilles’ clay roof tiles that will be followed through by the next generation, observation, interviews, and readings from the literature reviews on the terminology of the roof tiles has been done. It shows some evidence that ‘Marseilles’ were referring specific to French type roof tiles that developed by the Gilardoni Brothers in 1851. It was also found in Mangalore as the pioneered manufacturer in the 1860s by The Common Wealth Trust Ltd (Basel Mission tile factory). The interlocking clay roof types that has been used in Malaysia have the similarity and are influenced by both Europe and India. However, ‘Marseilles’ terminology was commonly used in Malaysia’s conservation works which led to the misconception of the real interpretation of all interlocking clay roof tiles type. The future generations will found that the well-defined terminology will gives a specific impact on conservation method and techniques. These range of applications to which roof tiles terminology will direct the future experts to make realistic suggestion for a future sustainable conservation approaches. Furthermore, it should contributes value added to conservation knowledge as well as holistic references for next generation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interlocking%20roof%20tiles" title="interlocking roof tiles">interlocking roof tiles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marseilles" title=" marseilles"> marseilles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=misconception" title=" misconception"> misconception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terminology" title=" terminology"> terminology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160589/the-misconception-terminology-of-marseilles-clay-roof-tiles-in-malaysias-conservation-work" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160589.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> The Effect of Technology on International Marketing Trading Researches and Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Monir%20Halim%20Salib">Karim Monir Halim Salib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article discusses the use of modern technology to achieve environmental marketing goals in business and customer relations. The purpose of this article is to show the possibilities of the application of modern technology. In B2C relationships, marketing departments face challenges arising from the need to quickly segment customers and share information across multiple systems, which seriously hinders the achievement of marketing objectives. Therefore, the Article states that modern IT solutions are used in the marketing of business activities, taking into account environmental objectives. For this reason, its importance in the economic and social development of developing countries has increased. While traditional companies emphasize profit as the most important business principle, social enterprises have to address social issues at the expense of profit. This mindset gives social enterprises more than traditional businesses to meet the needs of those at the bottom of the pyramid. This also poses a great challenge for social business, as social business works for the public good on the one hand and financial stability on the other. Otherwise, the company cannot be evacuated. Cultures are involved in business communication and research. Using the example of language in international relations, the article poses the problem of cultural discourse in management and linguistic and cultural studies. After reviewing current research on language in international relations, this article presents communication methods in the international economy from a linguistic perspective and attempts to explain communication problems in business from the perspective of linguistic research. A step towards multidisciplinary research combining research in management and linguistics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20marketing" title="international marketing">international marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20mix" title=" marketing mix"> marketing mix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20research" title=" marketing research"> marketing research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20and%20medium-sized%20enterprises" title=" small and medium-sized enterprises"> small and medium-sized enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20marketing" title=" strategic marketing"> strategic marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B2B%20digital%20marketing%20strategy" title=" B2B digital marketing strategy"> B2B digital marketing strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20marketing" title=" digital marketing"> digital marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20marketing%20maturity%20model" title=" digital marketing maturity model"> digital marketing maturity model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SWOT%20analysis%20consumer%20behavior" title=" SWOT analysis consumer behavior"> SWOT analysis consumer behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experience" title=" experience"> experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experience%20marketing" title=" experience marketing"> experience marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20employee%20organizational%20performance" title=" marketing employee organizational performance"> marketing employee organizational performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20marketing" title=" internal marketing"> internal marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20customer" title=" internal customer"> internal customer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20marketing" title=" direct marketing"> direct marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20phones%20mobile%20marketing" title=" mobile phones mobile marketing"> mobile phones mobile marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sms%20advertising." title=" Sms advertising."> Sms advertising.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186557/the-effect-of-technology-on-international-marketing-trading-researches-and-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">41</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nana%20Halim&page=2" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nana%20Halim&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nana%20Halim&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">3</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nana%20Halim&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nana%20Halim&page=4" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>