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鬲丿丕毓賷丕鬲 丨乇亘 睾夭丞 毓賱賶 賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱: 鬲賴丿賷丿 丕賱兀賲賳 丕賱卮禺氐賷 賵鬲賯賷賷丿 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 | 賲乇賰夭 丕賱噩夭賷乇丞 賱賱丿乇丕爻丕鬲
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full clearfix"> <div class="content"> <div class="summary field field--name-field-summary field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field--item">鬲噩賳丿鬲 賲丐爻爻丕鬲 "丕賱丿賵賱丞" 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 賱賯賲毓 兀賷 丕丨鬲噩丕噩 兀賵 賲賵賯賮 賲賳 賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱貙 賷禺丕賱賮 丕賱廿噩賲丕毓 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱. 鬲噩賳丿 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷 兀賮乇丕丿賸丕 賵賲丐爻爻丕鬲 賱賲賱丕丨賯丞 賰賱 氐賵鬲 賳丕賯丿 賱賱丨乇亘貙 兀賵 賲鬲囟丕賲賳 廿賳爻丕賳賷賾賸丕 賲毓 睾夭丞貙 賵賴賵噩賲鬲 丨鬲賶 丕賱賲賯賵賱丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 鬲爻丕賵賷 亘賷賳 賲毓丕賳丕丞 "爻賰丕賳 睾賱丕賮 睾夭丞" 賵兀賴賱 睾夭丞.</div> <footer class="row article-author summary"> <div class="author col-md-12 col-sm-12 pb-3 clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="author-tiny"><a href="/ar/profile/955"> <div class="field field--name-name field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">賲賴賳丿 賲氐胤賮賶</div> </a></div> <div class="about-author hidden"> <div class="col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-12"> <div class="picture"> <a href="/ar/profile/955"> <div class="picture field 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賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱: 鬲賴丿賷丿 丕賱兀賲賳 丕賱卮禺氐賷 賵鬲賯賷賷丿 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 &url=http://studies.aljazeera.net/ar/article/6073&via=AJStudies"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="lightGallery-images"> <div class="galleryImage" data-src="/sites/default/files/articles/2024-11/web%20%2826%29.jpg" data-sub-html=".media-caption"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field--item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/articles/2024-11/web%20%2826%29.jpg" width="2500" height="1405" alt="" class="img-responsive" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="summary small media-caption field field--name-field-media-caption field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">兀爻賴賲 丕賱賯賲毓 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷 賮賷 毓夭賵賮 賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱 毓賳 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱丕丨鬲噩丕噩賷貙 賮賷 馗賱 爻賱胤丞 卮乇胤丞 兀氐亘丨鬲 賲鬲賵丨卮丞 賵噩賴丕夭 賯囟丕卅賷 丕賳鬲賯丕賲賷 囟丿 丕賱毓乇亘(丕賱噩夭賷乇丞).</div> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><h2 class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL" style="margin-bottom: 13px;">賲賯丿賲丞</h2> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">卮賰賾賻賱鬲 丕賱丨乇亘 毓賱賶 睾夭丞 賲乇丨賱丞 賮丕乇賯丞 賵賲賴賲丞 賮賷 賲賰丕賳丞 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱貙 賵匕賱賰 毓賱賶 賲爻鬲賵賶 賲賰丕賳鬲賴賲 丕賱賲丿賳賷丞 賮賷 廿胤丕乇 "丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷丞"貙 賵毓賱丕賯鬲賴賲 賲毓賴丕 賵賲毓 丕賱卮毓亘 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷. 兀孬亘鬲鬲 丕賱丨乇亘 毓賱賶 睾夭丞貙 賵賲丕 乇丕賮賯賴丕 賲賳 爻賷丕爻丕鬲 鬲噩丕賴 賴匕賴 丕賱賲噩賲賵毓丞 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞貙 賴卮丕卮丞 丕賱賲賵丕胤賳丞 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 賱賲賳 賴賲 賲賳 睾賷乇 丕賱賷賴賵丿貙 賱丕爻賷賲丕 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳. 賮賷 丕賱兀氐賱 賰丕賳鬲 賴匕賴 丕賱賲賵丕胤賳丞 賴卮賾賻丞 賵賲鬲丌賰賱丞 賵賲購丨丿丿丞 亘丨丿賵丿 丕賳爻賷丕亘賷丞 亘丨爻亘 丕賱爻賷丕賯 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺賷 賵丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱貙 鬲鬲賵爻毓 丨丿賵丿賴丕 丨賷賳賸丕 賵鬲鬲賯賱氐 丨賷賳賸丕 丌禺乇貙 賵賴賵 亘丨丿 匕丕鬲賴 賷丿賱 毓賱賶 賴卮丕卮鬲賴丕貙 賰賵賳賴丕 賲鬲毓賱賯丞 亘丕禺鬲賱丕賮 丕賱爻賷丕賯丕鬲 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 賵丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺賷丞貙 賱賰賳 鬲丿丕毓賷丕鬲 丕賱丨乇亘 賰卮賮鬲 毓賳 賲賵丕胤賳丞 "賲購毓賱賾賻賯丞"貙 廿賳 氐丨賾賻 丕賱鬲毓亘賷乇貙 賮賷 賮鬲乇丞 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賮賯丿 鬲賯賱氐鬲 丨丿賵丿賴丕 廿賱賶 丕賱丨丿 丕賱兀丿賳賶貙 賵亘賯賷鬲 賰亘胤丕賯丞 兀賲丕賳 賵噩賵丿 賲丕丿賷 賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱 賮賷 丨丿賴丕 丕賱兀賯氐賶貙 賱賰賳賴 賵噩賵丿 賲賳夭賵毓 丕賱丨賯賵賯 丕賱兀爻丕爻賷丞 賱賲賵丕胤賳賷賳 賮賷 丿賵賱丞 鬲夭毓賲 兀賳賴丕 丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞.</p> <h2 class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賵賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 廿亘賾賻丕賳 丕賱丨乇亘</h2> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賷購卮賰賾賽賱 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賵賳 賮賷 賲賳丕胤賯 48貙 賵丕賱匕賷賳 賷丨賲賱賵賳 丕賱賲賵丕胤賳丞 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 丨賵丕賱賷 17% 賲賳 丕賱爻賰丕賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 (丨賵丕賱賷 1.7 賲賱賷賵賳 賳爻賲丞). 賵賯丿 毓亘賾賻乇 賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賵 丕賱丿丕禺賱 毓賳 毓賱丕賯鬲賴賲 賲毓 丕賱賯囟賷丞 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞貙 亘丕毓鬲亘丕乇賴賲 噩夭亍賸丕 賲賳賴丕 賮賷 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱賲賮丕氐賱 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺賷丞 丕賱賲禺鬲賱賮丞貙 亘丿亍賸丕 亘賷賵賲 丕賱兀乇囟 賮賷 1976貙 賲乇賵乇賸丕 亘丕賳鬲賮丕囟丞 丕賱賯丿爻 賵丕賱兀賯氐賶貙 賮賷 兀賰鬲賵亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱兀賵賱 2000貙 賵丕賳鬲賴丕亍 亘兀丨丿丕孬 賴亘賾賻丞 丕賱賰乇丕賲丞貙 賮賷 賲丕賷賵/兀賷丕乇 2021. 賵賰賱賴丕 兀丨丿丕孬 馗賴乇 賮賷賴丕 丿賵乇 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳貙 賲噩賲賵毓丞 賵胤賳賷丞 鬲賳丕囟賱 賲賳 兀噩賱 丨賯賵賯賴丕 丕賱噩賲丕毓賷丞 丕賱賲丿賳賷丞 賵丕賱賯賵賲賷丞貙 賵賮賷 賳賮爻 丕賱賵賯鬲 鬲賳禺乇胤 賮賷 丕賱賳囟丕賱 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷 賲賳 兀噩賱 丨賯 鬲賯乇賷乇 丕賱賲氐賷乇 賱賱卮毓亘 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷(1). 鬲毓丿丿鬲 兀卮賰丕賱 丕賱丕賳禺乇丕胤 賮賷 丕賱賲爻兀賱丞 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞貙 賵賱賰賳 賰丕賳 丕賱爻丕卅丿 賮賷賴丕 賴賵 丕賱賳囟丕賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 丕賱爻賱賲賷貙 賵胤乇丨 賲賵丕賯賮 爻賷丕爻賷丞 鬲毓亘賾賽乇 毓賳 賴賵賷丞 丕賱賲噩賲賵毓丞 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞 賵鬲賵噩賴丕鬲賴丕 丕賱賵胤賳賷丞貙 賵賴賵 賳囟丕賱 賷噩乇賷 賮賷 廿胤丕乇 丕賱賲賵丕胤賳丞 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 亘丕賱兀爻丕爻.</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賲賳 亘賷賳 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 丕賱賲賮氐賱賷丞 丕賱賲賴賲丞貙 賰丕賳鬲 賴亘丞 丕賱賰乇丕賲丞 賮賷 兀賷丕乇/賲丕賷賵 2021貙 賮賴賷 丕賱丨丕囟乇丞 賮賷 賵毓賷 丕賱噩賷賱 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷 丕賱噩丿賷丿貙 賵丕賱鬲賷 乇丕賮賯鬲 賲毓乇賰丞 "爻賷賮 丕賱兀賯氐賶" 亘賷賳 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 賵丨乇賰丞 丨賲丕爻 賵亘丕賯賷 丕賱賮氐丕卅賱 賮賷 賯胤丕毓 睾夭丞貙 賵丕賱鬲賷 噩丕亍鬲 毓賱賶 禺賱賮賷丞 丕賱丕丨鬲噩丕噩丕鬲 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞 賮賷 丕賱賲爻噩丿 丕賱兀賯氐賶 賵丕賱卮賷禺 噩乇丕丨 囟丿 鬲賴賵賷丿 丕賱賯丿爻貙 賵賰丕賳 賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱 丿賵乇 亘丕乇夭 賮賷 賴匕丕 丕賱丕丨鬲噩丕噩(2). 賯賲毓鬲 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 丕丨鬲噩丕噩 賲賵丕胤賳賷賴丕 亘毓賳賮 卮丿賷丿貙 賵賯囟鬲 毓賱賶 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱卮亘丕亘 亘兀丨賰丕賲 毓丕賱賷丞 亘卮賰賱 睾賷乇 賲鬲賳丕爻亘 賲毓 丕賱鬲賴賲貙 賵匕賱賰 賱乇丿毓 賴匕丕 丕賱噩賷賱 賲賳 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 丕賱匕賷 賵購賱丿 亘毓丿 丕賳鬲賮丕囟丞 丕賱賯丿爻 賵丕賱兀賯氐賶貙 賵賱賲 賷賰鬲賵 亘賳丕乇 丕賱賯賲毓 賱賱賲馗丕賴乇丕鬲 丕賱鬲賷 毓賲賾賻鬲 丕賱亘賱丿丕鬲 賵丕賱賲丿賳 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞 賮賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱 賵兀丿鬲 廿賱賶 丕爻鬲卮賴丕丿 12 卮丕亘賾賸丕 毓乇亘賷賾賸丕.</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賮賷 丕賱亘賷丕賳 丕賱兀賵賱 丕賱匕賷 兀氐丿乇鬲賴 丨乇賰丞 丨賲丕爻 丨賵賱 胤賵賮丕賳 丕賱兀賯氐賶貙 賳丕丿鬲 丕賱卮毓亘 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷 亘賰賱 兀賲丕賰賳 賵噩賵丿賴 賱賱賲卮丕乇賰丞 賮賷 丕賱賳囟丕賱貙 賵賱賲 賷爻鬲孬賳 丕賱亘賷丕賳 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱貙 賵賱賷爻 賴賳丕賰 卮賰 賮賷 兀賳 賴匕丕 丕賱鬲毓賵賷賱 毓賱賶 丕賳鬲賮丕囟丞 兀賵 丨乇丕賰 賮賷 氐賮賵賮 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 賵賯鬲 丕賱丨乇亘 毓賱賶 睾夭丞 賰丕賳 賲毓鬲賲丿賸丕 毓賱賶 丕丨鬲噩丕噩賴賲 丕賱賰亘賷乇 賮賷 賴亘丞 丕賱賰乇丕賲丞 2021.</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">廿賱賶 噩丕賳亘 丕賱丕丨鬲噩丕噩 丕賱賵丕爻毓 丕賱匕賷 毓賲賾賻 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷貙 賮賷 賲丕賷賵/兀賷丕乇 2021貙 賮廿賳賴 賲噩鬲賲毓 賷乇夭丨 鬲丨鬲 毓亘亍 丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 賵丕賱毓賳賮 丕賱鬲賷 賲夭賯鬲賴 賵賮賰賾賻賰鬲賴 賲賳 丕賱丿丕禺賱. 鬲購卮賰賱 丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 賵丕賱毓賳賮 賮賷 氐賮賵賮 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賵丕丨丿丞 賲賳 丕賱鬲丨丿賷丕鬲 丕賱廿爻鬲乇丕鬲賷噩賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲囟毓賮 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓貙 賵鬲丨賷賾賽丿 丿賵乇 賳禺亘賴貙 賵鬲購囟毓賮 賲賰賵賳丕鬲賴 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞貙 賵賮賷 馗賱 鬲賵丕胤丐 丕賱卮乇胤丞 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 賮賷 賲賵丕噩賴丞 丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賮丕賯賲鬲 賮賷 丕賱毓賯丿 丕賱兀禺賷乇貙 賵鬲睾賱睾賱鬲 賮賷 兀睾賱亘 賲噩丕賱丕鬲 丕賱丨賷丕丞 賮賷 氐賮賵賮 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳貙 賵丕賱鬲賷 鬲丨賵賱鬲 賱噩乇賷賲丞 賲賳馗賲丞 (鬲卮亘賴 毓氐丕亘丕鬲 丕賱賲丕賮賷丕 丕賱兀賵乇賵亘賷丞 賵丕賱兀賲賷乇賰賷丞)貙 賵賯丿 鬲乇丕噩毓 丕賱丕賳卮睾丕賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 賵賯丿乇丞 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 毓賱賶 賲夭丕賵賱丞 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷貙 亘爻亘亘 丕賱賯賱賯 丕賱賮乇丿賷 賵丕賱噩賲丕毓賷 賲賳 丕賱毓賳賮 賵丕賱噩乇賷賲丞貙 賵丕賱亘丨孬 毓賳 丕賱兀賲賳 丕賱卮禺氐賷貙 賮賷 馗賱 賲丐爻爻丞 賱丕 鬲賱賯賷 亘丕賱賸丕 兀賵 兀丿賳賶 丕賴鬲賲丕賲 賱丕乇鬲賮丕毓 賲毓丿賱丕鬲 丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 亘賰丕賮丞 兀賳賵丕毓賴丕貙 賱丕爻賷賲丕 噩乇丕卅賲 丕賱賯鬲賱貨 丨賷孬 丕乇鬲賮毓鬲 丨丕賱丕鬲 丕賱賯鬲賱 賲賳 116 毓丕賲 2022貙 廿賱賶 244 噩乇賷賲丞 賯鬲賱 毓丕賲 2023(3).</p> <h2 class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">丕賱賲賲丕乇爻丕鬲 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 鬲噩丕賴 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 廿亘賾賻丕賳 丕賱丨乇亘</h2> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">兀毓丕丿鬲 丕賱爻賱胤丕鬲 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 賳馗丕賲 丕賱爻賷胤乇丞 賵丕賱乇賯丕亘丞 丕賱氐丕乇賲賷賳 毓賱賶 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賲毓 亘丿亍 丕賱丨乇亘 毓賱賶 睾夭丞貙 賲賲丕 兀毓丕丿 賱賱兀匕賴丕賳 賳馗丕賲 丕賱乇賯丕亘丞 賵丕賱爻賷胤乇丞 丕賱匕賷 丕鬲亘毓鬲賴 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 鬲噩丕賴 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賮賷 賮鬲乇丞 丕賱丨賰賲 丕賱毓爻賰乇賷 (1948-1966)貙 毓賱賶 丕賱乇睾賲 賲賳 賲賳丨賴賲 丕賱噩賳爻賷丞 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞. 卮賲賱 賳馗丕賲 丕賱乇賯丕亘丞 賵丕賱爻賷胤乇丞 賯賷丕賲 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 亘丨賲賱丞 丕毓鬲賯丕賱丕鬲 賵丕爻毓丞 賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 亘爻亘亘 賵囟毓賴賲 賲賳卮賵乇丕鬲 毓賱賶 卮亘賰丕鬲 丕賱鬲賵丕氐賱 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷 賮賷賴丕 鬲毓丕胤賮 賲毓 爻賰丕賳 賯胤丕毓 睾夭丞貙 兀賵 賷賲賰賳 鬲賮爻賷乇賴丕 亘兀賳賴丕 丿毓賲 賱賱賲賯丕賵賲丞 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞. 賲孬賱賸丕 噩乇賶 丕毓鬲賯丕賱 賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 亘爻亘亘 賳卮乇 丌賷丕鬲 賯乇丌賳賷丞貙 賮爻乇鬲賴丕 丕賱卮乇胤丞 毓賱賶 兀賳賴丕 鬲囟丕賲賳 賲毓 丕賱賲賯丕賵賲丞貙 亘賱 賰丕賳 丕賱丕毓鬲賯丕賱 丨鬲賶 亘爻亘亘 廿亘丿丕亍 兀賷 鬲毓丕胤賮 亘丕賱賰賱賲丞 兀賵 丕賱乇賲夭 賱賱賲毓丕賳丕丞 丕賱丕賳爻丕賳賷丞 賮賷 賯胤丕毓 睾夭丞. 丨丕賵賱鬲 丕賱爻賱胤丕鬲 丕賱兀賲賳賷丞 賲賳 賴匕賴 丕賱賲賲丕乇爻丕鬲 賯賲毓 兀賷 亘匕賵乇 賱賱丕丨鬲噩丕噩 兀賵 丕賱鬲毓亘賷乇 毓賳 丕賱乇兀賷 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 兀賵 丕賱廿賳爻丕賳賷 賵丕賱兀禺賱丕賯賷 鬲噩丕賴 "丕賱毓丿賵丕賳" 賵丕賱賲賲丕乇爻丕鬲 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 賮賷 賯胤丕毓 睾夭丞. 賮丕賱賲賳胤賯 丕賱兀賲賳賷 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷 賷賯賵賲 毓賱賶 兀賳 賯賲毓 兀賷 賳賵毓 賲賳 丕賱鬲毓丕胤賮 丕賱毓丕胤賮賷 賲毓 睾夭丞貙 爻賷丐丿賷 廿賱賶 乇丿毓 兀賷 賮毓賱 爻賷丕爻賷 兀賵 丕丨鬲噩丕噩賷 賮賱爻胤賷賳賷 囟丿 丕賱賲賲丕乇爻丕鬲 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞. 賵毓賳丿賲丕 禺乇噩鬲 鬲馗丕賴乇丞 賮賷 兀賲 丕賱賮丨賲 禺賱丕賱 丕賱卮賴乇 丕賱兀賵賱 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賯賲毓鬲賴丕 丕賱卮乇胤丞 亘賵丨卮賷丞 賵丕毓鬲賯賱鬲 丕賱賲賳馗賲賷賳 賱賴丕 賱卮賴賵乇 毓丿賷丿丞. 毓賲賵賲賸丕貙 禺賱丕賱 丕賱兀卮賴乇 丕賱兀賵賱賶 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賱賲 賷賰賳 賴賳丕賰 兀賷 賮毓賱 丕丨鬲噩丕噩賷 賮賱爻胤賷賳賷 賷購匕賰乇 鬲賯乇賷亘賸丕 囟丿 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賰丕賳鬲 丨丕賱丞 丕賱氐賲鬲 賴賷 丕賱爻丕卅丿丞 賵丕賱鬲賷 卮丕亘賴丕 丕賱賰孬賷乇 賲賳 丕賱禺賵賮 賲賳 丕賱賲賲丕乇爻丕鬲 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞貙 兀賵 賲丕 賯丿 鬲賮毓賱賴 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 亘賲賵丕胤賳賷賴丕 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 廿匕丕 丕丨鬲噩賵丕 毓賱賶 "丕賱毓丿賵丕賳". 賵賴匕丕 賷丿賱 毓賱賶 兀賳 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 兀賳賮爻賴賲 賱丕 賷孬賯賵賳 亘賲賰丕賳丞 丕賱賲賵丕胤賳丞 丨丕賲賷丞 賱丨賯賵賯賴賲貙 賵兀賳 賲賵丕胤賳鬲賴賲 "賲購毓賱賯丞" 賮賷 丕賱馗乇賵賮 丕賱兀賲賳賷丞貙 賵賴賷 馗乇賵賮 丕毓鬲亘乇鬲賴丕 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 "賵噩賵丿賷丞"貙 賵亘丕賱鬲丕賱賷 丕賱爻賱胤丕鬲 丕賱兀賲賳賷丞 賲爻鬲毓丿丞 賱賯賲毓賴賲 賵丕賱鬲賳賰賷賱 亘賴賲 賰賲丕 鬲賮毓賱 賲毓 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賮賷 丕賱囟賮丞 丕賱睾乇亘賷丞.</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">亘丨爻亘 賲毓胤賷丕鬲 賲乇賰夭 毓丿丕賱丞- 丕賱賲乇賰夭 丕賱賯丕賳賵賳賷 賱丨賯賵賯 丕賱兀賯賱賷丞 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱貙 賮廿賳賴 賲賳 鬲丕乇賷禺 7 兀賰鬲賵亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱兀賵賱 2023 賵丨鬲賶 13 賳賵賮賲亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷 2023貙 兀賷 禺賱丕賱 卮賴乇 亘毓丿 丕賱丨乇亘貙 乇氐丿鬲 "毓丿丕賱丞" 251 丨丕賱丞 丕毓鬲賯丕賱 賵鬲丨賯賷賯 賵賲丨丕丿孬丕鬲 鬲丨匕賷乇賷丞貙 賵賴賵 乇賯賲 賷毓亘賾賽乇 賮賯胤 毓賲丕 乇氐丿鬲賴 毓丿丕賱丞貙 賵賱賷爻 賰賲丕 賴賵 賮賷 丕賱賵丕賯毓 賮毓賱賷賾賸丕(4).</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賵賯丿 毓丕賳賶 丕賱胤賱亘丞 丕賱毓乇亘 丕賱匕賷賳 賷丿乇爻賵賳 賮賷 丕賱噩丕賲毓丕鬲 賵丕賱賰賱賷丕鬲 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 亘卮賰賱 禺丕氐 賲賳 爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱賲賱丕丨賯丞 賵丕賱丕毓鬲賯丕賱貙 賲賳 胤乇賮 丕賱卮乇胤丞 賵丕賱賲丐爻爻丕鬲 丕賱兀賰丕丿賷賲賷丞 賳賮爻賴丕. 賮丨鬲賶 賲賳鬲氐賮 賳賵賮賲亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷 噩乇賶 丕毓鬲賯丕賱 毓卮乇丞 胤賱丕亘 噩丕賲毓賷賷賳貙 賮賷賲丕 丕爻鬲丿毓鬲 丕賱噩丕賲毓丕鬲 160 胤丕賱亘賸丕 賱賱噩丕賳 丕賱胤丕毓丞 賵丕賱鬲兀丿賷亘 亘爻亘亘 賲賳卮賵乇丕鬲 鬲胤丕賱亘 亘賵賯賮 丕賱丨乇亘. 賵賱賲 鬲賰鬲賮 丕賱噩丕賲毓丕鬲 亘丕爻鬲丿毓丕亍 丕賱胤賱亘丞 賱噩賱爻丕鬲 鬲兀丿賷亘賷丞貙 亘賱 亘毓孬鬲 亘氐賵乇 毓賳 賲賳卮賵乇丕鬲賴賲 賱賱卮乇胤丞 丕賱鬲賷 賯丕賲鬲 亘丕毓鬲賯丕賱 丕賱胤賱丕亘貙 兀賵 丕賱鬲丨賯賷賯 賲毓賴賲(5). 賵鬲噩賳丿 兀賰丕丿賷賲賷賵賳 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷賵賳 賱鬲賯丿賷賲 卮賴丕丿丞 "乇兀賷 賲鬲禺氐氐" 囟丿 丕賱胤賱亘丞 丕賱毓乇亘 賮賷 丕賱賲丨丕賰賲貙 賲孬賱 丕爻鬲丿毓丕亍 賲爻鬲卮乇賯 賱賷孬亘鬲 兀賳 丌賷丞 賯乇丌賳賷丞 賮賷 賲賳卮賵乇 毓賱賶 卮亘賰丞 丕賱鬲賵丕氐賱 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷 賴賷 鬲囟丕賲賳 賲毓 丨乇賰丞 丨賲丕爻.</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">丕鬲亘毓鬲 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賲賳匕 亘丿丕賷丞 丕賱丨乇亘 爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱廿爻賰丕鬲 賵丕賱廿禺乇丕爻貙 賵賯丿 毓乇賮 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賵賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 丕賱爻賷丕賯 丕賱匕賷 賷賲乇賵賳 亘賴貙 賮賰丕賳 丕賱氐賲鬲 賴賵 丕賱爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱鬲賷 丕鬲亘毓賵賴丕貙 禺賵賮賸丕 賲賳 鬲賵丨卮 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷 丕賱匕賷 鬲丨賵賱 廿賱賶 賯亘賷賱丞 鬲鬲乇氐丿 賵鬲乇丕賯亘 賰賱 賰賱賲丞 賵鬲毓亘賷乇 賷氐丿乇 毓賳 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賮賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱. 賱賲 鬲賰賳 丕賱乇賯丕亘丞 乇爻賲賷丞 賮丨爻亘貙 亘賱 賰丕賳鬲 丕賱乇賯丕亘丞 賵丕賱鬲賵丨卮 丕賱卮毓亘賷 兀禺胤乇 賵兀卮丿貙 賮賯丿 丕爻鬲賴丿賮鬲 賲賵馗賮賷賳 賵兀胤亘丕亍 賵毓賲丕賱賸丕 毓乇亘賸丕 亘爻亘亘 丕賱賵卮丕賷丞 賲賳 夭賲賱丕卅賴賲 丕賱賷賴賵丿 毓賱賶 賲賳卮賵乇丕鬲 賰鬲亘賵賴丕 賮賷 卮亘賰丕鬲 丕賱鬲賵丕氐賱 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷貙 賱賲 鬲丨賲賱 兀賷 鬲兀賷賷丿 賱丨賲丕爻 亘賱 鬲毓丕胤賮賸丕 賲毓 賯胤丕毓 睾夭丞.</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賵賮賯賸丕 賱丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 賲乇賰夭 賰賵賳乇丕丿 兀丿賷賳丕賵乇貙 鬲亘賷賾賻賳 兀賳 賱賱毓丿賵丕賳 鬲兀孬賷乇賸丕 爻賱亘賷賾賸丕 毓賱賶 丕賱卮毓賵乇 亘丕賱兀賲丕賳 丕賱卮禺氐賷貙 賮囟賱賸丕 毓賳 鬲囟乇乇 賲氐丕賱丨 丕賱毓乇亘 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷丞貨 丨賷孬 兀賮丕丿 丨賵丕賱賷 81% 亘兀賳 卮毓賵乇賴賲 亘丕賱兀賲丕賳 丕賱卮禺氐賷 鬲乇丕噩毓 亘爻亘亘 丕賱丨乇亘(6). 賵賮賷 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 賱賲毓賴丿 丿乇丕爻丕鬲 丕賱兀賲賳 丕賱賯賵賲賷貙 兀卮丕乇 54% 賲賳 丕賱毓乇亘 廿賱賶 兀賳 賵囟毓賴賲 丕賱丕賯鬲氐丕丿賷 爻丕亍 亘爻亘亘 丕賱丨乇亘(7).</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賵賮賷 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 乇兀賷 兀噩乇丕賴 賲乇賰夭 賲丿賶 丕賱賰乇賲賱(8)貙 賮賷 亘丿丕賷丞 毓丕賲 2024貙 丨賵賱 鬲丿丕毓賷丕鬲 丕賱丨乇亘 毓賱賶 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳貙 毓亘賾賻乇 55% 毓賳 卮毓賵乇 亘丕賱禺賵賮 賲賳 丕毓鬲丿丕亍 丕賱卮乇胤丞 毓賱賷賴賲 亘丿乇噩丕鬲 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲丞貙 賮賷賲丕 賯丕賱 45% 廿賳 賱丿賷賴賲 禺賵賮賸丕 賲賳 丕毓鬲丿丕亍 丕賱卮乇胤丞 毓賱賷賴賲 亘丿乇噩丞 毓丕賱賷丞. 賵賷馗賴乇 丕賱卮毓賵乇 亘丕賱禺賵賮 賲賳 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷 兀賰亘乇 賲賳 丕賱丿賵賱丞貨 丨賷孬 兀卮丕乇 66% 賲賳 丕賱毓乇亘 兀賳賴賲 賷禺丕賮賵賳 賲賳 丕毓鬲丿丕亍丕鬲 賲賳 丕賱賷賴賵丿 亘丿乇噩丕鬲 賲鬲賮丕賵鬲丞貙 賮賷賲丕 賷禺丕賮 34% 賲賳 丕毓鬲丿丕亍 賷賴賵丿 毓賱賷賴賲 亘丿乇噩丞 毓丕賱賷丞. 賵丕毓鬲亘乇 31% 賲賳 丕賱毓乇亘 兀賳 爻賱賵賰 丕賱毓乇亘 丕賱氐丕賲鬲 禺賱丕賱 丕賱丨乇亘 賰丕賳 丨賰賷賲賸丕貙 兀賲丕 27% 賮賷毓鬲賯丿賵賳 兀賳賴 賱賲 賷賰賳 賲賳 禺賷丕乇 賱賱毓乇亘 爻賵賶 丕賱氐賲鬲貙 賵丕毓鬲亘乇 24% 賲賳賴賲 兀賳 鬲氐乇賮賴賲 賰丕賳 賳丕亘毓賸丕 賲賳 丕賱卮毓賵乇 亘丕賱禺賵賮. 亘丨爻亘 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 賲丿賶 丕賱賰乇賲賱貙 兀睾賱亘 丕賱毓乇亘 (54%) 賷鬲賵賯毓賵賳 兀賳 鬲鬲毓賲賯 丕賱毓賳氐乇賷丞 鬲噩丕賴賴賲 賮賷 兀毓賯丕亘 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賵賷鬲賵賯毓 23% 賲賳 丕賱毓乇亘 兀賳 丕賱丿賵賱丞 爻鬲毓賲賱 毓賱賶 鬲卮丿賷丿 丕賱賯賷賵丿 毓賱賶 丨乇賷丞 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 賵丨乇賷丞 丕賱鬲毓亘賷乇 毓賳 丕賱乇兀賷. 賵賷鬲賵賯毓 44% 兀賳 丕賱丨乇亘 爻鬲夭賷丿 丕賱鬲賵鬲乇 亘賷賳 丕賱毓乇亘 賵丕賱賷賴賵丿 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱. 賵兀賵囟丨 48% 賲賳賴賲 兀賳賴賲 睾賷乇 賲爻鬲毓丿賷賳 賱賱賲卮丕乇賰丞 賮賷 丕丨鬲噩丕噩 賲賳丕賴囟 賱賱丨乇亘貙 賮賷 丨賷賳 毓亘賻賾乇 31% 賲賳賴賲 毓賳 兀賳賴賲 睾賷乇 賲爻鬲毓丿賷賳 賱賱賲卮丕乇賰丞 賮賷 賲馗丕賴乇丞 廿賱丕 廿匕丕 兀毓胤鬲 丕賱卮乇胤丞 鬲乇禺賷氐賸丕 賱賴丕.</p> <h2 class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賲賵丕賯賮 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 賲賳 丕賱賯囟丕賷丕 丕賱賲鬲毓賱賯丞 亘丕賱丨乇亘</h2> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">鬲卮賷乇 兀睾賱亘 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓丕鬲 丕賱乇兀賷 丕賱鬲賷 兀噩乇賷鬲 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱貙 廿賱賶 兀賳 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 賴賲 丕賱賲噩賲賵毓丞 丕賱賵丨賷丿丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲胤丕賱亘 亘賵賯賮 丕賱丨乇亘 賮賷 賯胤丕毓 睾夭丞貙 賵賴賲 丕賱賲噩賲賵毓丞 丕賱賵丨賷丿丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲毓亘賾賽乇 毓賳 賲賵賯賮 爻賷丕爻賷 賵兀禺賱丕賯賷 囟丿賴丕貙 賵賴賲 丕賱賲噩賲賵毓丞 丕賱鬲賷 賱丕 鬲夭丕賱 鬲丐賷丿 丨賱 丕賱丿賵賱鬲賷賳 亘賲毓丿賱丕鬲 毓丕賱賷丞 噩丿賾賸丕. 賱賲 賷毓亘乇 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賵賳 毓賳 賲賵丕賯賮賴賲 丕賱賲賳丕賴囟丞 賱賱丨乇亘 賲賳 禺賱丕賱 毓賲賱 爻賷丕爻賷 兀賵 丕丨鬲噩丕噩賷 亘爻亘亘 丕賱鬲囟賷賷賯 毓賱賶 丕賱丕丨鬲噩丕噩 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷 亘賰賱 兀卮賰丕賱賴貙 賲毓 丕賱鬲兀賰賷丿 兀賳 賲爻丕丨丞 丕賱丕丨鬲噩丕噩 鬲賵爻毓鬲 亘毓丿 丕賱卮賴賵乇 丕賱孬賱丕孬丞 丕賱兀賵賱賶 賱賱丨乇亘貙 賱賰賳賴丕 馗賱鬲 兀賯賱 賲賲丕 賰丕賳鬲 毓賱賷賴 賯亘賱 丕賱爻丕亘毓 賲賳 兀賰鬲賵亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱兀賵賱.</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賮賷 兀賵賱 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 兀噩乇丕賴 丕賱賲毓賴丿 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷 賱賱丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞貙 賮賷 兀賰鬲賵亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱兀賵賱貙 賮賷 兀毓賯丕亘 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賵鬲賳丕賵賱 賮賷 兀丨丿 賲丨丕賵乇賴 賲爻兀賱丞 鬲亘丕丿賱 丕賱兀爻乇賶貙 兀賷賾賻丿 60.5% 賲賳 丕賱毓乇亘 鬲丨乇賷乇 兀爻乇賶 賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賲賯丕亘賱 兀爻乇賶 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷賷賳貙 賵毓丕乇囟 匕賱賰 11% 賮賯胤. 兀賲丕 賮賷 兀賵爻丕胤 丕賱賷賴賵丿 賮賯丿 兀賷丿 匕賱賰 40% 賲賯丕亘賱 賲毓丕乇囟丞 45%(9).</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賵賮賷 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 賳賵賮賲亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷 2023貙 兀賷丿 55% 賲賳 丕賱毓乇亘 丨賱 丕賱丿賵賱鬲賷賳 賲賯丕亘賱 35% 賲賳 丕賱賷賴賵丿(10)貙 賵賴賵 賯乇賷亘 賲賳 賳鬲丕卅噩 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 賲丿賶 丕賱賰乇賲賱 (51%). 賵賵丕囟丨 兀賳 賳爻亘丞 丕賱毓乇亘 丕賱匕賷賳 賷丐賷丿賵賳 丨賱賾賸丕 毓丕丿賱賸丕 賱賱賯囟賷丞 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞 賴賷 兀毓賱賶貙 賱賰賳 賴賳丕賰 賲賳 賷毓鬲賯丿 兀賳 丨賱 丕賱丿賵賱鬲賷賳 睾賷乇 毓丕丿賱 賱賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賮賱丕 賷購丐賷丿賴貙 賵賷胤丕賱亘 亘丨賱 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賵丕丨丿丞貙 兀賵 丨賱 丕賱丿賵賱鬲賷賳 賲毓 賳夭毓 丕賱胤丕亘毓 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷 毓賳 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱貙 賰賲丕 賷賵囟丨 匕賱賰 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 賲丿賶 丕賱賰乇賲賱 (丕賱噩丿賵賱 1).</p> <p class="text-align-center" dir="RTL"><strong>丕賱噩丿賵賱 (1): 賲丕 賴賵 丕賱丨賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 丕賱兀賰孬乇 賲賱丕亍賻賲丞 亘乇兀賷賰 賱賱賯囟賷丞 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞-丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞責</strong></p> <div dir="rtl"> <table align="center" border="1" dir="rtl"><tbody><tr><td class="text-align-justify" nowrap="nowrap">聽</td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">丕賱毓丿丿</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">丕賱賳爻亘丞</p> </td> </tr><tr><td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">丨賱 丕賱丿賵賱鬲賷賳 賱卮毓亘賷賳</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">256</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">%51</p> </td> </tr><tr><td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">丨賱 丕賱丿賵賱鬲賷賳 賲毓 鬲丨賵賷賱 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 廿賱賶 丿賵賱丞 賱賰賱賾賽 賲賵丕胤賳賷賴丕</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">102</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">%20</p> </td> </tr><tr><td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">丨賱 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱賵丕丨丿丞 賱賱賷賴賵丿 賵丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賲毓賸丕</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">73</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">%15</p> </td> </tr><tr><td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">丕爻鬲賲乇丕乇 丕賱賵囟毓 丕賱賯丕卅賲 賰賲丕 賴賵</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">33</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">%7</p> </td> </tr><tr><td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賱丕 兀毓乇賮</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">37</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">%7</p> </td> </tr><tr><td nowrap="nowrap"> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">丕賱賲噩賲賵毓</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">501</p> </td> <td> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">%100</p> </td> </tr></tbody></table></div> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賮賷 噩賲賷毓 丕賱丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓丕鬲 丕賱卮賴乇賷丞 丕賱鬲賷 賳賮匕賴丕 丕賱賲毓賴丿 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷 賱賱丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞 賰丕賳鬲 丕賱賲噩賲賵毓丞 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞 賴賷 丕賱賵丨賷丿丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲丐賷丿 賵賯賮 丕賱丨乇亘 賵丕賱鬲賵賯賷毓 毓賱賶 氐賮賯丞 賱賵賯賮 丕賱賯鬲丕賱 賵鬲亘丕丿賱 兀爻乇賶貙 賮賮賷 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 賲丕賷賵/兀賷丕乇 毓卮賷丞 亘丿亍 丕賱毓賲賱賷丞 丕賱毓爻賰乇賷丞 賮賷 乇賮丨貙 兀賷丿 丨賵丕賱賷 82% 賲賳 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 丕賱匕賴丕亘 賱氐賮賯丞貙 賲賯丕亘賱 56% 賲賳 丕賱賷賴賵丿(11). 賵賮賷 丕賱丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 丕賱匕賷 賮丨氐 賲賵丕賯賮 丕賱噩賲賴賵乇 賲賳 丕賱毓賲賱賷丞 丕賱毓爻賰乇賷丞 賮賷 丕賱卮賲丕賱貙 兀賵丕禺乇 爻亘鬲賲亘乇/兀賷賱賵賱貙 賯丕賱 56% 賲賳 丕賱毓乇亘: 廿賳 毓賱賶 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 丕賱鬲賵賯賷毓 毓賱賶 鬲爻賵賷丞 賲毓 賱亘賳丕賳貙 賲賯丕亘賱 18% 賮賷 氐賮賵賮 丕賱賷賴賵丿(12).</p> <h2 class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">禺丕鬲賲丞</h2> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">兀丿乇賰 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賵賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 鬲丿丕毓賷丕鬲 毓賲賱賷丞 "胤賵賮丕賳 丕賱兀賯氐賶" 毓賱賶 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷. 兀馗賴乇鬲 丕賱丿賵賱丞 鬲賵丨卮賴丕 賮賷 丕賱兀卮賴乇 丕賱兀賵賱賶 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賵鬲噩賳丿鬲 賰賱 賲丐爻爻丕鬲 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賱賯賲毓 兀賷 丕丨鬲噩丕噩 兀賵 賲賵賯賮 賷禺丕賱賮 丕賱廿噩賲丕毓 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱. 毓賲賱賷賾賸丕貙 鬲丨賵賱鬲 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 廿賱賶 丿賵賱丞 丕賱賯亘賷賱丞 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷丞貙 賳丕賮賷丞 毓賳賴丕 兀賷 賲乇賰亘丕鬲 丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞貙 賵賵囟毓鬲 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賵丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷 丨丿賵丿賸丕 賱賱賯亘賷賱丞貙 賮廿賲丕 丕賱鬲賲丕賴賷 賲毓賴丕 賰賱賷賾賸丕貙 賵廿賱丕 賮廿賳 兀賷 賲賵賯賮 丌禺乇 賷毓丿 禺賷丕賳丞. 賯賲毓鬲 丕賱丿賵賱丞 賰賱 賲丨丕賵賱丞 賱賱鬲囟丕賲賳 賲毓 睾夭丞貙 兀賵 賲賵賯賮 賷賳丕丿賷 亘賵賯賮 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賵鬲噩賳丿 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱賷賴賵丿賷 兀賮乇丕丿賸丕 賵賲丐爻爻丕鬲 賱賲賱丕丨賯丞 睾賷乇 賲爻亘賵賯丞 賱賰賱 氐賵鬲 賳丕賯丿 賱賱丨乇亘貙 兀賵 鬲囟丕賲賳賷 賲毓 睾夭丞 丨鬲賶 賱賵 賰丕賳 廿賳爻丕賳賷賾賸丕貙 賵賴賵噩賲鬲 丨鬲賶 賲賯賵賱丕鬲 鬲毓亘賾賽乇 毓賳 丕賱賲爻丕賵丕丞 亘賷賳 賲毓丕賳丕丞 "爻賰丕賳 睾賱丕賮 睾夭丞" 賵兀賴賱 睾夭丞.</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賰丕賳 丕賱氐賲鬲 賴賵 丕賱氐賮丞 丕賱亘丕乇夭丞 賱賱爻賱賵賰 丕賱噩賲丕毓賷 賱賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱貙 亘丕爻鬲孬賳丕亍 亘毓囟 賲丐爻爻丕鬲 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱賲丿賳賷 丕賱鬲賷 毓賲賱鬲 丨氐乇賸丕 毓賳 丕賱丿賮丕毓 毓賳 "丕賱賲毓鬲賯賱賷賳" 賲賳 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱毓乇亘賷 兀賵 賲賲賳 賮購氐賱賵丕 賲賳 兀毓賲丕賱賴賲 亘爻亘亘 賲賵丕賯賮賴賲 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賵賰丕賳 丕賱賮毓賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 睾丕卅亘賸丕貙 賱丕爻賷賲丕 賮賷 丕賱兀卮賴乇 丕賱孬賱丕孬丞 丕賱兀賵賱賶 賲賳 丕賱丨乇亘.</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">廿賳 毓賲賱賷丞 胤賵賮丕賳 丕賱兀賯氐賶 噩丕亍鬲 賮賷 爻賷丕賯 毓賵丕賲賱 孬賱丕孬丞 兀孬賾賻乇鬲 毓賱賶 丕賱賮丕毓賱賷丞 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 賱賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱貨 丕賱毓丕賲賱 丕賱兀賵賱: 丕賳鬲卮丕乇 丕賱毓賳賮 賵丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲丨賵賱鬲 廿賱賶 賯囟賷丞 鬲卮睾賱 賴賲賵賲 丕賱賳丕爻貙 賱丕爻賷賲丕 賵兀賳賴丕 鬲睾賱睾賱鬲 賮賷 賰賱 賲賳丕丨賷 丕賱丨賷丕丞貙 賵乇丕賮賯賴丕 賲爻鬲賵賶 毓丕賱 賲賳 睾賷丕亘 丕賱兀賲賳 丕賱賮乇丿賷. 賵夭丕丿 賲賳 鬲丿丕毓賷丕鬲 丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 賵廿囟毓丕賮賴丕 賱賱賲噩鬲賲毓 鬲賵丕胤丐 丕賱卮乇胤丞 賲毓 丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 丕賱賲賳馗賲丞貙 賵毓丿賲 鬲禺氐賷氐 賲賵丕乇丿 賱賲丨丕乇亘鬲賴丕. 賮賯丿 兀乇賴賯鬲 丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 賵丕賱毓賳賮 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷貙 賵鬲丨賵賱鬲 廿賱賶 賳賵毓 賲賳 丕賱廿乇賴丕亘 丕賱賲丿賳賷 丕賱丨賯賷賯賷(13)貙 亘鬲丨賵賱 丕賱兀賲賳 丕賱賮乇丿賷 廿賱賶 睾丕賷丞 賲乇賰夭賷丞 賱賱廿賳爻丕賳 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷 賮賷 賲賳丕胤賯 "毓乇亘 48". 丕賱毓丕賲賱 丕賱孬丕賳賷: 賯賲毓 "賴亘丞 丕賱賰乇丕賲丞" 賮賷 賲丕賷賵/兀賷丕乇 2021貙 賵賲丕 乇丕賮賯賴丕 賲賳 兀丨賰丕賲 賯囟丕卅賷丞 毓丕賱賷丞 囟丿 丕賱卮亘丕亘 丕賱匕賷賳 卮丕乇賰賵丕 賮賷 丕賱賴亘丞貙 亘毓囟賴丕 賵氐賱 廿賱賶 15 毓丕賲賸丕. 兀爻賴賲 丕賱賯賲毓 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷貙 爻賵丕亍 丕賱卮乇胤賷 賵丕賱卮毓亘賷 禺賱丕賱 丕賱賴亘丞貙 廿賱賶 丨丕賱丞 賲賳 丕賱毓夭賵賮 毓賳 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱丕丨鬲噩丕噩賷貙 賮賷 馗賱 爻賱胤丞 卮乇胤丞 兀氐亘丨鬲 賲鬲賵丨卮丞 兀賰孬乇 鬲丨鬲 賯賷丕丿丞 賵夭賷乇 丕賱兀賲賳 丕賱賯賵賲賷貙 廿賷鬲賲丕乇 亘賳 睾賮賷乇貙 賵噩賴丕夭 賯囟丕卅賷 "丕賳鬲賯丕賲賷" 賮賷 兀丨賰丕賲賴 囟丿 丕賱毓乇亘. 丕賱噩丿賷乇 亘丕賱匕賰乇 兀賳賴 禺賱丕賱 丕賱賴亘丞 賰丕賳鬲 亘丿丕賷丞 馗賴賵乇 賲賷賱賷卮賷丕鬲 賲賳 丕賱賲爻鬲賵胤賳賷賳 卮丕乇賰鬲 賮賷 賯賲毓 丕丨鬲噩丕噩 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 丿丕禺賱 賲賳丕胤賯 "毓乇亘 48"貙 賵丕爻鬲卮賴丿 卮丕亘丕賳 毓乇亘賷丕賳貙 兀丨丿賴賲丕 亘乇氐丕氐 丕賱卮乇胤丞 賵丕賱丌禺乇 亘乇氐丕氐 丕賱賲賷賱賷卮賷丕鬲 丕賱賲爻賱丨丞. 丕賱毓丕賲賱 丕賱孬丕賱孬: 丨丕賱丞 丕賱囟毓賮 賮賷 丕賱丨賯賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷 賮賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱 丕賱毓乇亘賷 亘廿爻乇丕卅賷賱貙 丕賱鬲賷 鬲鬲賲孬賱 亘鬲乇丕噩毓 丿賵乇 丕賱兀丨夭丕亘貙 賵丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱卮毓亘賷貙 賵囟毓賮 丕賱賲丐爻爻丕鬲 丕賱鬲賲孬賷賱賷丞 丕賱賯購胤乇賷丞 賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱貙 賮囟賱賸丕 毓賳 丕賱丕賳賯爻丕賲丕鬲 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷丞 丕賱毓賲賷賯丞 丕賱鬲賷 馗賴乇鬲 賮賷 丕賱爻賳賵丕鬲 丕賱兀禺賷乇丞 亘爻亘亘 丕賳鬲禺丕亘丕鬲 丕賱賰賳賷爻鬲 賵鬲賮賰賰 丕賱賯丕卅賲丞 丕賱賲卮鬲乇賰丞貙 賵丕賳丨氐丕乇 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷 賮賷 廿胤丕乇 丕賱賰賳賷爻鬲 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷.</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賵亘丕賱廿囟丕賮丞 廿賱賶 鬲賴丿賷丿 丕賱兀賲賳 丕賱卮禺氐賷 賱賱廿賳爻丕賳 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷 亘爻亘亘 丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 賵丕賱毓賳賮貙 賮廿賳 丕賱丨乇亘 賵賲丕 亘毓丿賴丕 爻鬲丨賲賱 鬲賴丿賷丿賸丕 賱兀賲賳賴 丕賱賲丿賳賷貙 賮賯丿 亘丕卮乇鬲 丕賱丨賰賵賲丞 鬲卮乇賷毓 賲噩賲賵毓丞 賲賳 丕賱賯賵丕賳賷賳 丕賱鬲賷 鬲賯賷丿 丕賱毓賲賱 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷. 兀賴賲賴丕 鬲毓丿賷賱 賯丕賳賵賳 兀爻丕爻 丕賱賰賳賷爻鬲貙 丕賱匕賷 鬲丨丕賵賱 賲賳 禺賱丕賱賴 丕賱丨賰賵賲丞 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 丕賱丨丕賱賷丞 廿賱睾丕亍 賲卮丕乇賰丞 賯賵丕卅賲 毓乇亘賷丞 賮賷 丕賱丕賳鬲禺丕亘丕鬲. 賷賳氐 鬲毓丿賷賱 丕賱賯丕賳賵賳 丕賱賲賯鬲乇丨貙 毓賱賶 兀賳 賱噩賳丞 丕賱丕賳鬲禺丕亘丕鬲 丕賱賲乇賰夭賷丞貙 賵賴賷 賱噩賳丞 爻賷丕爻賷丞 賲丐賱賮丞 賲賳 賲賲孬賱賷賳 毓賳 丕賱賯賵丕卅賲 賮賷 丕賱賰賳賷爻鬲貙 鬲爻鬲胤賷毓 卮胤亘 賯丕卅賲丞 丕賳鬲禺丕亘賷丞貙 丿賵賳 賲賳丨 廿賲賰丕賳賷丞 丕賱鬲賵噩賴 賱賱賲丨賰賲丞 丕賱毓賱賷丕 賱賱丕爻鬲卅賳丕賮 毓賱賶 賯乇丕乇 丕賱賱噩賳丞貙 賵賴賵 賲丕 賰丕賳 賷丨氐賱 賮賷 丕賱爻丕亘賯貙 丨賷孬 鬲卮胤亘 丕賱賱噩賳丞 賯賵丕卅賲 賵卮禺氐賷丕鬲 毓乇亘賷丞貙 賵賱賰賳 賰丕賳鬲 丕賱賲丨賰賲丞 丕賱毓賱賷丕 鬲賱睾賷 丕賱卮胤亘.</p> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賷賴丿賮 丕賱丕卅鬲賱丕賮 丕賱丨賰賵賲賷 賲賳 賴匕丕 丕賱鬲卮乇賷毓貙 廿賱賶 賲賳毓 賲卮丕乇賰丞 丕賱賯賵丕卅賲 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞 賮賷 丕賱丕賳鬲禺丕亘丕鬲貨 丨賷孬 賲賳 丕賱賲鬲賵賯毓 兀賳 鬲賰賵賳 賲卮丕乇賰丞 丕賱毓乇亘 賲乇鬲賮毓丞 賮賷 丕賱丕賳鬲禺丕亘丕鬲 丕賱賯丕丿賲丞貙 亘爻亘亘 爻賷丕爻丕鬲 丕賱丨賰賵賲丞 丕賱丨丕賱賷丞 賵亘爻亘亘 丕賱丨乇亘 毓賱賶 睾夭丞 賮賷 賲丨丕賵賱丞 賱廿爻賯丕胤賴丕貙 賷丿乇賰 丕賱賷賲賷賳 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷 丕賱丨丕賰賲 兀賳 丕乇鬲賮丕毓 賲卮丕乇賰丞 丕賱毓乇亘 賮賷 丕賱丕賳鬲禺丕亘丕鬲 爻賵賮 鬲賲賳毓賴 賲賳 鬲卮賰賷賱 丕賱丨賰賵賲丞 丕賱賯丕丿賲丞.</p> <div> <p class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">鬲丨賲賱 丕賱賲乇丨賱丞 丕賱賯丕丿賲丞 鬲丨丿賷丕鬲 賰亘賷乇丞 賱賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳貙 毓賱賶 丕賱乇睾賲 賲賳 丨丕賱丞 丕賱氐賲鬲 丕賱鬲賷 丕鬲亘毓賵賴丕 禺賱丕賱 丕賱毓丿賵丕賳 毓賱賶 睾夭丞貙 賵毓賱賶 丕賱乇睾賲 賲賳 鬲賳賮賷匕 毓丿丿 賲賳 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷賳 賲賳 賲賵丕胤賳賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱 毓賲賱賷丕鬲 賲爻賱丨丞 禺賱丕賱 丕賱丨乇亘貙 賮賴賷 賰丕賳鬲 賯賱賷賱丞 賵賴丕賲卮賷丞貙 賵賵丕丨丿 賲賳 兀賴賲 丕賱鬲丨丿賷丕鬲 賴賵 鬲毓賲賷賯 丕賱鬲囟賷賷賯 毓賱賶 丨乇賷丞 丕賱鬲毓亘賷乇貙 賵丕賱毓賲賱 賵丕賱賲卮丕乇賰丞 丕賱爻賷丕爻賷賷賳.</p> </div> </div> <div class="author-profile teaser row-no-gutters"> <h4 class="pb-3">賳亘匕丞 毓賳 丕賱賰丕鬲亘</h4> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="author-tiny"><a href="/ar/profile/955"> <div class="field field--name-name field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">賲賴賳丿 賲氐胤賮賶</div> </a></div> <div class="about-author hidden"> <div class="col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-12"> <div class="picture"> <a href="/ar/profile/955"> <div class="picture field field--name-field-profile-picture field--type-image field--label-hidden field--item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/authors/fcf9dd90b13b4d0d84a6e9326beb5dfc_6.PNG" width="120" height="120" alt="fcf9dd90b13b4d0d84a6e9326beb5dfc_6.PNG" class="img-responsive" /> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-12"> <h4><a href="/ar/profile/955"> <div class="field field--name-name field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">賲賴賳丿 賲氐胤賮賶</div> </a></h4> <div class="summary field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field--item"><p>乇卅賷爻 賯爻賲 丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺 賮賷 丕賱賲毓賴丿 丕賱兀賰丕丿賷賲賷 丕賱毓乇亘賷 亘亘賷鬲 亘賷乇賱貙 賵賲丨丕囟乇 賲卮鬲乇賰 賮賷 丕賱賰賱賷丞 丕賱兀賰丕丿賷賲賷丞 亘賷鬲 亘賷乇賱. 賲丿賷乇 毓丕賲 賲丿賶 丕賱賰乇賲賱-丕賱賲乇賰夭 丕賱毓乇亘賷 賱賱丿乇丕爻丕鬲 丕賱丕噩鬲賲丕毓賷丞 丕賱鬲胤亘賷賯賷丞貙 丨賷賮丕.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="references pb-3 field field--name-field-references field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field--label">賲乇丕噩毓</div> <div class="field--item"><ol><li class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賲賴賳丿 賲氐胤賮賶 賵兀爻毓丿 睾丕賳賲貙 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賵賳 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱: 爻賷丕爻丕鬲 丕賱兀賯賱賷丞 丕賱兀氐賱賷丞 賮賷 丕賱丿賵賱丞 丕賱廿孬賳賷丞貙 乇丕賲 丕賱賱賴: 賲乇賰夭 賲丿丕乇貙 2018.</li> <li class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">禺丕賱丿 毓賳亘鬲丕賵賷貙 賴亘丞 賮賷 丨丕賱丞 毓鬲亘丞: 賴亘丞 丕賱賰乇丕賲丞 (兀賷丕乇 2021) 賵丕賱賮毓賱 丕賱丕賳鬲賮丕囟賷 丕賱卮毓亘賷 賱丿賶 賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷 48 賲賯丕乇亘丞 爻賵爻賷賵賱賵噩賷丞貙 丨賷賮丕貙 賲乇賰夭 賲丿賶 丕賱賰乇賲賱貙 2024.</li> <li class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賲亘丕丿乇丕鬲 廿亘乇丕賴賷賲貙 囟丨丕賷丕 丕賱毓賳賮 賵丕賱噩乇賷賲丞 賮賷 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱毓乇亘賷: 賲賱禺氐 丕賱毓丕賲 2023貙 賲亘丕丿乇丕鬲 廿亘乇丕賴賷賲貙 2023貙 (鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱丿禺賵賱 8 賳賵賮賲亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷 2024): <a href="https://shorturl.at/U2s0z">https://shorturl.at/U2s0z</a></li> <li class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">毓丿丕賱丞- 丕賱賲乇賰夭 丕賱賯丕賳賵賳賷 賱丨賯賵賯 丕賱兀賯賱賷丞 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞 賮賷 廿爻乇丕卅賷賱貙 丨賵賱 丕賱鬲丨賯賷賯丕鬲貙 丕賱丕毓鬲賯丕賱丕鬲 賵賱賵丕卅丨 丕賱丕鬲賴丕賲 賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷賷 丕賱丿丕禺賱貙 賳賵賮賲亘乇 2023貙 (鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱丿禺賵賱 8 賳賵賮賲亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷 2024): <a href="https://www.adalah.org/ar/content/view/10957">https://www.adalah.org/ar/content/view/10957</a></li> <li class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">兀賲賷乇 亘賵賷乇丕鬲貙 丕賱噩丕賲毓丕鬲 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 鬲爻鬲丿毓賷 160 胤丕賱亘賸丕 毓乇亘賷賾賸丕 禺賱丕賱 丕賱丨乇亘 毓賱賶 睾夭丞: 丕毓鬲賯丕賱 胤賱亘丞 亘毓丿 兀爻丕亘賷毓 賲賳 匕賱賰貙 毓乇亘 48貙 15 賳賵賮賲亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷 2023貙 (鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱丿禺賵賱 8 賳賵賮賲亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷 2024): <a href="https://shorturl.at/vS0hw">https://shorturl.at/vS0hw</a></li> <li class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賲丿賶 丕賱賰乇賲賱貙 賯乇丕亍丞 賮賷 賲賵丕賯賮 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓 丕賱毓乇亘賷 鬲噩丕賴 丕賱丨乇亘 毓賱賶 睾夭丞貙 丨賷賮丕: 賲丿賶 丕賱賰乇賲賱貙 2023.</li> <li class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">丕賱賲氐丿乇 丕賱爻丕亘賯.</li> <li class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">賳卮乇鬲 賳鬲丕卅噩 丕賱丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 賮賷 丕賱賲丐鬲賲乇 丕賱爻賳賵賷 賱賲丿賶 丕賱賰乇賲賱 賮賷 賷賵賱賷賵/鬲賲賵夭 2024貙 (鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱丿禺賵賱 8 賳賵賮賲亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷 2024): <a href="https://mada-research.org/post/16017">https://mada-research.org/post/16017</a></li> <li class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">鬲賲丕乇 賴賷乇賲賳 賵兀賵乇 毓賳丕亘賷貙 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 兀賰鬲賵亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱兀賵賱 2023貙 兀賯賱賷丞 亘爻賷胤丞 亘賷賳 丕賱噩賲賴賵乇 (7%) 鬲孬賯 亘乇卅賷爻 丕賱丨賰賵賲丞 兀賰孬乇 賲賳 賯丕丿丞 丕賱噩賷卮 賮賷 廿丿丕乇丞 丕賱丨乇亘貙 丕賱賲毓賴丿 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷 賱賱丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞貙 31 兀賰鬲賵亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱兀賵賱 2023貙 (鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱丿禺賵賱 8 賳賵賮賲亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷 2024): <a href="https://shorturl.at/v5NFA">https://shorturl.at/v5NFA</a></li> <li class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">鬲賲丕乇 賴賷乇賲賳 賵兀賵乇 毓賳丕亘賷貙 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 賳賵賮賲亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷 2023貙 兀睾賱亘 丕賱噩賲賴賵乇 賷鬲賵賯毓 賲賵噩丞 丕丨鬲噩丕噩 賰亘賷乇丞 亘毓丿 丕賱丨乇亘貙 丕賱賲毓賴丿 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷 賱賱丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞貙 5 丿賷爻賲亘乇/賰丕賳賵賳 丕賱兀賵賱 2023貙 (鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱丿禺賵賱 8 賳賵賮賲亘乇/鬲卮乇賷賳 丕賱孬丕賳賷 2024): <a href="https://www.idi.org.il/articles/51742">https://www.idi.org.il/articles/51742</a></li> <li class="text-align-justify" dir="RTL">鬲賲丕乇 賴賷乇賲賳 賵賱賷丐賵乇 賷賵丨丕賳賳賷 賵賷丕乇賵賳 賰丕亘賱賳貙 丕爻鬲胤賱丕毓 兀亘乇賷賱/賳賷爻丕賳 2024: 62% 賲賳 丕賱噩賲賴賵乇 賷賮囟賱賵賳 氐賮賯丞 賱鬲丨乇賷乇 丕賱賲禺胤賵賮賷賳 毓賱賶 毓賲賱賷丞 毓爻賰乇賷丞 賮賷 乇賮丨貙 丕賱賲毓賴丿 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷 賱賱丿賷賲賯乇丕胤賷丞貙 12 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