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The relevant scientific literature was scanned over the period 1978-2008 and the most recent trends in polar research in this field were outlined. In this context, two aspects were found to be of paramount importance, i.e., the role of sentinel organisms in monitoring ongoing processes of environmental pollution caused by chemical elements and the implementation of quality systems to attach credibility to experimental information.","publication_date":"2010,,","publication_name":"Microchemical Journal","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"54520278"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Survey on minor and trace elements in Antarctic and Arctic biota as indicators of local and global-scale pollution","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [68614765]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; 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Самышев</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience Vol. 16, 228–236, 2019, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Our earlier investigations around the Ukrainian Antarctic Station "Academician Vernadsky" have detected an abnormal increase of heavy metal content in bottom sediments and grounds of the Argentine Archipelago, and in mass species of hydrobionts. High cadmium and zinc concentrations found in the environmental samples and in living organism's evidence natural origin of the contamination: the heavy metals enter the area with/in melt water streaming from the glaciers on the dry land because of climate warming. The earlier registered dramatic decline of the krill stock in the Atlantic sector of Antarctica could have been due to inhibited reproduction of these small crustaceans eggs of which normally develop on the formerly safe and now largely contaminated shallow sea floor; hence the population reduction indicated some environmental abnormalities. Larvae of Euphausia superba Dana were absent in the samples of zooplankton throughout the observation period (2002-2009) thereby evidencing the ongoing washing-out of the pollutants made the glaciers melt. Therefore, we decided that the grade to which organisms having short life cycle, e.g. phytoand zooplankton, are contaminated by heavy metals and the abundance of larval E. superba in the ocean shelf zone can serve useful indices of temporal changes of climate.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Coastal Ecosystem Contamination by Heavy Metals as an Indicator of Climate Change in Antarctica","attachmentId":84487141,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/76982778/Coastal_Ecosystem_Contamination_by_Heavy_Metals_as_an_Indicator_of_Climate_Change_in_Antarctica","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/76982778/Coastal_Ecosystem_Contamination_by_Heavy_Metals_as_an_Indicator_of_Climate_Change_in_Antarctica"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="89883935" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/89883935/Natural_variability_and_distribution_of_trace_elements_in_marine_organisms_from_Antarctic_coastal_environments">Natural variability and distribution of trace elements in marine organisms from Antarctic coastal environments</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="24517714" href="https://veneto.academia.edu/Simonadallariva">Simona dalla riva</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Antarctic Science, 2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In an attempt to improve the understanding of the natural variability and distribution of trace elements in Antarctic organisms, the concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, manganese, nickel, vanadium and zinc in representative benthic species from two pristine coastal environments were measured and compared with literature data for other uncontaminated coastal ecosystems. Correlations between the elements, differences between the species and between the sampling sites were examined by principal component analysis. Metal accumulation was particularly evident in the tissues of the sea star Odontaster validus, the bivalve mollusc Laternula elliptica and in the red alga Phyllophora antarctica. However, metal accumulation was not the same for all the analytes, but, rather, depended on the organism characteristics. In particular, the soft tissues of Odontaster validus were characterized by high concentrations of cadmium, zinc and copper, those of Phyllophora antarct...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Natural variability and distribution of trace elements in marine organisms from Antarctic coastal environments","attachmentId":93600874,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89883935/Natural_variability_and_distribution_of_trace_elements_in_marine_organisms_from_Antarctic_coastal_environments","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/89883935/Natural_variability_and_distribution_of_trace_elements_in_marine_organisms_from_Antarctic_coastal_environments"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="85364296" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/85364296/Antarctic_Fish_as_a_Global_Pollution_Sensor_Metals_Biomonitoring_in_a_Twelve_Year_Period">Antarctic Fish as a Global Pollution Sensor: Metals Biomonitoring in a Twelve-Year Period</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32392026" href="https://unical.academia.edu/ElviraBrunelli">Elvira Brunelli</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Antarctica represents a unique natural laboratory for ecotoxicological studies as it is characterized by low internal pollutants emissions but high external contamination levels. Indeed, warm temperatures promote pollutant evaporation (low latitudes), while cool temperatures (high latitudes) promote its deposition from the atmosphere on land/water. Metals are the most important pollutants in ecosystems and represent a serious and global threat to aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Since 2000, the risks posed by metals have led many States to ratify protocols aimed at reducing their emissions. Endemic Antarctic organisms represent excellent bioindicators in order to evaluate the efficacy of global measures adopted to mitigate pollutants release into the environment. In this study (supported by PNRA18-00133), we estimated the metals contamination levels and the metallothionein-1 expression in liver samples of two Antarctic fish species, the icefish Chionodraco hamatus and the red-bloo...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Antarctic Fish as a Global Pollution Sensor: Metals Biomonitoring in a Twelve-Year Period","attachmentId":90083821,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85364296/Antarctic_Fish_as_a_Global_Pollution_Sensor_Metals_Biomonitoring_in_a_Twelve_Year_Period","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/85364296/Antarctic_Fish_as_a_Global_Pollution_Sensor_Metals_Biomonitoring_in_a_Twelve_Year_Period"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="2652166" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2652166/Environmental_contamination_in_Antarctic_ecosystems">Environmental contamination in Antarctic ecosystems</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3375749" href="https://unisi.academia.edu/robertobargagli">roberto bargagli</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Science of The Total Environment, 2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Although the remote continent of Antarctica is perceived as the symbol of the last great wilderness, the human presence in the Southern Ocean and the continent began in the early 1900s for hunting, fishing and exploration, and many invasive plant and animal species have been deliberately introduced in several sub-Antarctic islands. Over the last 50 years, the development of research and tourism have locally affected terrestrial and marine coastal ecosystems through fuel combustion (for transportation and energy production), accidental oil spills, waste incineration and sewage. Although natural “barriers” such as oceanic and atmospheric circulation protect Antarctica from lower latitude water and air masses, available data on concentrations of metals, pesticides and other persistent pollutants in air, snow, mosses, lichens and marine organisms show that most persistent contaminants in the Antarctic environment are transported from other continents in the Southern Hemisphere. At present, levels of most contaminants in Antarctic organisms are lower than those in related species from other remote regions, except for the natural accumulation of Cd and Hg in several marine organisms and especially in albatrosses and petrels. The concentrations of organic pollutants in the eggs of an opportunistic top predator such as the south polar skua are close to those that may cause adverse health effects.Population growth and industrial development in several countries of the Southern Hemisphere are changing the global pattern of persistent anthropogenic contaminants and new classes of chemicals have already been detected in the Antarctic environment. Although the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty provides strict guidelines for the protection of the Antarctic environment and establishes obligations for all human activity in the continent and the Southern Ocean, global warming, population growth and industrial development in countries of the Southern Hemisphere will likely increase the impact of anthropogenic contaminants on Antarctic ecosystems.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Environmental contamination in Antarctic ecosystems","attachmentId":50552232,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2652166/Environmental_contamination_in_Antarctic_ecosystems","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2652166/Environmental_contamination_in_Antarctic_ecosystems"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="18498007" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18498007/Bioaccumulation_of_potentially_toxic_trace_elements_in_benthic_organisms_of_Admiralty_Bay_King_George_Island_Antarctica_">Bioaccumulation of potentially toxic trace elements in benthic organisms of Admiralty Bay (King George Island, Antarctica)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10012503" href="https://independent.academia.edu/M%C3%B4nicaPetti">Mônica Petti</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Bioaccumulation of potentially toxic trace elements in benthic organisms of Admiralty Bay (King George Island, Antarctica)","attachmentId":40096110,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18498007/Bioaccumulation_of_potentially_toxic_trace_elements_in_benthic_organisms_of_Admiralty_Bay_King_George_Island_Antarctica_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/18498007/Bioaccumulation_of_potentially_toxic_trace_elements_in_benthic_organisms_of_Admiralty_Bay_King_George_Island_Antarctica_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="52584721" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52584721/Spatial_and_seasonal_variations_of_major_minor_and_trace_elements_in_Antarctic_seawater_Chemometric_investigation_of_variable_and_site_correlations">Spatial and seasonal variations of major, minor and trace elements in Antarctic seawater. Chemometric investigation of variable and site correlations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1307244" href="https://unipmn.academia.edu/MaurizioAceto">Maurizio Aceto</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Advances in Environmental Research, 2001</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Spatial and seasonal variations of major, minor and trace elements in Antarctic seawater. Chemometric investigation of variable and site correlations","attachmentId":69780879,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/52584721/Spatial_and_seasonal_variations_of_major_minor_and_trace_elements_in_Antarctic_seawater_Chemometric_investigation_of_variable_and_site_correlations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/52584721/Spatial_and_seasonal_variations_of_major_minor_and_trace_elements_in_Antarctic_seawater_Chemometric_investigation_of_variable_and_site_correlations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":54520278,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":54520278,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_54520278" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/15195896/Heavy_metals_in_sediments_and_soft_tissues_of_the_Antarctic_clam_Laternula_elliptica_More_evidence_as_a_possible_biomonitor_of_coastal_marine_pollution_at_high_latitudes"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="48053435" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48053435/Antarctic_Skuas_as_bioindicators_of_local_and_global_mercury_contamination">Antarctic Skuas as bioindicators of local and global mercury contamination</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33141254" 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class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Polar Biology</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Sanionia uncinata and Salix polaris as bioindicators of trace element pollution in the High Arctic: a case study at Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen, Norway","attachmentId":76624884,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64717045/Sanionia_uncinata_and_Salix_polaris_as_bioindicators_of_trace_element_pollution_in_the_High_Arctic_a_case_study_at_Longyearbyen_Spitsbergen_Norway","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64717045/Sanionia_uncinata_and_Salix_polaris_as_bioindicators_of_trace_element_pollution_in_the_High_Arctic_a_case_study_at_Longyearbyen_Spitsbergen_Norway"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="13851275" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13851275/Distribution_of_major_minor_and_trace_elements_in_lake_environments_of_Antarctica">Distribution of major, minor and trace elements in lake environments of Antarctica</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32945298" 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