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class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contidos</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inicio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Características" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Características"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Características</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Características-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Véxase_tamén" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Véxase_tamén"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Véxase tamén</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Véxase tamén"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Outros_artigos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outros_artigos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Outros artigos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outros_artigos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cromodinámica cuántica</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artigo noutra lingua. Dispoñible en 51 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwantumchromodinamika" title="Kwantumchromodinamika – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kwantumchromodinamika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantenchromodynamik" title="Quantenchromodynamik – alemán suízo" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Quantenchromodynamik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemán suízo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ديناميكا لونية كمية – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ديناميكا لونية كمية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodin%C3%A1mica_cu%C3%A1ntica" title="Cromodinámica cuántica – asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cromodinámica cuántica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантавая хромадынаміка – belaruso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Квантавая хромадынаміка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belaruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова хромодинамика – búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Квантова хромодинамика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8" title="কোয়ান্টাম ক্রোমোডাইনামিক্স – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কোয়ান্টাম ক্রোমোডাইনামিক্স" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantna_hromodinamika" title="Kvantna hromodinamika – bosníaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kvantna hromodinamika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosníaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodin%C3%A0mica_qu%C3%A0ntica" title="Cromodinàmica quàntica – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cromodinàmica quàntica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantov%C3%A1_chromodynamika" title="Kvantová chromodynamika – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kvantová chromodynamika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantekromodynamik" title="Kvantekromodynamik – dinamarqués" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kvantekromodynamik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarqués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantenchromodynamik" title="Quantenchromodynamik – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Quantenchromodynamik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%87%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B4%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Κβαντική χρωμοδυναμική – grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κβαντική χρωμοδυναμική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_chromodynamics" title="Quantum chromodynamics – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Quantum chromodynamics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantuma_kolordinamiko" title="Kvantuma kolordinamiko – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kvantuma kolordinamiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodin%C3%A1mica_cu%C3%A1ntica" title="Cromodinámica cuántica – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cromodinámica cuántica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantkromod%C3%BCnaamika" title="Kvantkromodünaamika – estoniano" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kvantkromodünaamika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromodinamika_kuantiko" title="Kromodinamika kuantiko – éuscaro" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kromodinamika kuantiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="éuscaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="کرومودینامیک کوانتومی – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کرومودینامیک کوانتومی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvanttiv%C3%A4ridynamiikka" title="Kvanttiväridynamiikka – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kvanttiväridynamiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromodynamique_quantique" title="Chromodynamique quantique – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chromodynamique quantique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%B3maidinimic_chandamach" title="Crómaidinimic chandamach – irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Crómaidinimic chandamach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="כרומודינמיקה קוונטית – hebreo" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כרומודינמיקה קוונטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantna_kromodinamika" title="Kvantna kromodinamika – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kvantna kromodinamika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantum-sz%C3%ADndinamika" title="Kvantum-színdinamika – húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kvantum-színdinamika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromodinamika_kuantum" title="Kromodinamika kuantum – indonesio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kromodinamika kuantum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodinamica_quantistica" title="Cromodinamica quantistica – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cromodinamica quantistica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E8%89%B2%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="量子色力学 – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="量子色力学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Кванттық хромодинамика – kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кванттық хромодинамика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90_%EC%83%89%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="양자 색역학 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="양자 색역학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromodynamice_Quantica" title="Chromodynamice Quantica – latín" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Chromodynamice Quantica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantin%C4%97_chromodinamika" title="Kvantinė chromodinamika – lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kvantinė chromodinamika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromodinamik_kuantum" title="Kromodinamik kuantum – malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kromodinamik kuantum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwantumchromodynamica" title="Kwantumchromodynamica – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kwantumchromodynamica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantekromodynamikk" title="Kvantekromodynamikk – noruegués nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kvantekromodynamikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruegués nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodinamica_quantica" title="Cromodinamica quantica – occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cromodinamica quantica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8" title="ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਕ੍ਰੋਮੋਡਾਇਨਾਮਿਕਸ – panxabí" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਕ੍ਰੋਮੋਡਾਇਨਾਮਿਕਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panxabí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromodynamika_kwantowa" title="Chromodynamika kwantowa – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chromodynamika kwantowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodin%C3%A2mica_qu%C3%A2ntica" title="Cromodinâmica quântica – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cromodinâmica quântica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodinamic%C4%83_cuantic%C4%83" title="Cromodinamică cuantică – romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cromodinamică cuantică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантовая хромодинамика – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Квантовая хромодинамика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_chromodynamics" title="Quantum chromodynamics – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Quantum chromodynamics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantov%C3%A1_chromodynamika" title="Kvantová chromodynamika – eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kvantová chromodynamika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantna_hromodinamika" title="Kvantna hromodinamika – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Kvantna hromodinamika" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantkromodynamik" title="Kvantkromodynamik – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kvantkromodynamik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" 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title="Ligazón ao elemento conectado no repositorio de datos [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento de Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas das páxinas"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparencia"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparencia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">agochar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Na Galipedia, a Wikipedia en galego.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gl" dir="ltr"><p>A <b>cromodinámica cuántica</b> (QCD) é a teoría <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física">física</a> que describe unha das <a href="/w/index.php?title=Forza_fundamental&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forza fundamental (a páxina aínda non existe)">forzas fundamentais</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Interacci%C3%B3n_forte" class="mw-redirect" title="Interacción forte">interacción forte</a>. Debido á súa propiedade especial chamada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberdade_asint%C3%B3tica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberdade asintótica (a páxina aínda non existe)">liberdade asintótica</a>, foi proposta a comezos dos anos 70 por <a href="/wiki/David_Politzer" class="mw-redirect" title="David Politzer">David Politzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek">Frank Wilczek</a> e <a href="/wiki/David_Gross" title="David Gross">David Gross</a> como teoría para entender a estrutura dos <a href="/wiki/Prot%C3%B3n" title="Protón">protóns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%B3n" title="Neutrón">neutróns</a>, e partículas semellantes (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadr%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadrón (a páxina aínda non existe)">hadróns</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Características"><span id="Caracter.C3.ADsticas"></span>Características</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromodin%C3%A1mica_cu%C3%A1ntica&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar a sección: «Características»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromodin%C3%A1mica_cu%C3%A1ntica&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Características"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Usaron <a href="/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_cu%C3%A1ntica_de_campos" title="Teoría cuántica de campos">teoría cuántica de campos</a> para describir a interacción de <a href="/wiki/Quark" title="Quark">quarks</a> e <a href="/wiki/Glu%C3%B3n" title="Gluón">gluóns</a>. Polo seu traballo en cromodinámica cuántica, a Gross, Wilczek, e Politzer foilles concedido o <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_F%C3%ADsica" title="Premio Nobel de Física">Premio Nobel de Física</a> do ano <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>. </p><p>Segundo esta teoría, o carácter da interacción forte está determinado por unha simetría especial entre as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carga_de_cor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carga de cor (a páxina aínda non existe)">cargas de cor</a> dos <a href="/wiki/Quark" title="Quark">quarks</a>. Coñécese a esta simetría como o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teor%C3%ADa_de_gauge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoría de gauge (a páxina aínda non existe)">grupo de gauge</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grupo_especial_unitario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grupo especial unitario (a páxina aínda non existe)">SU(3)</a> e os <a href="/wiki/Quark" title="Quark">quarks</a> transfórmanse baixo este grupo como <a href="/w/index.php?title=Representaci%C3%B3ns_de_grupos_de_Lie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Representacións de grupos de Lie (a páxina aínda non existe)">tripletes</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grupo_especial_unitario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grupo especial unitario (a páxina aínda non existe)">SU(3)</a> de <a href="/wiki/Campo_(f%C3%ADsica)" title="Campo (física)">campos</a> <a href="/wiki/Fermi%C3%B3n" title="Fermión">fermiónicos</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dirac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dirac (a páxina aínda non existe)">Dirac</a> . Aínda que as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Expansi%C3%B3n_perturbativa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Expansión perturbativa (a páxina aínda non existe)">expansións perturbativas</a> eran importantes para o desenvolvemento da QCD, esta tamén predí moitos efectos non perturbativos tales como <a href="/w/index.php?title=Confinamento&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Confinamento (a páxina aínda non existe)">confinamento</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Condensado_fermi%C3%B3nico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Condensado fermiónico (a páxina aínda non existe)">condensados fermiónicos</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Instant%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instantón (a páxina aínda non existe)">instantones</a>. </p><p>A cromodinámica cuántica é unha parte importante do <a href="/wiki/Modelo_est%C3%A1ndar" title="Modelo estándar">modelo estándar</a> da <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADculas" title="Física de partículas">física de partículas</a>. O nome "cromodinámica" vén da palabra grega "chromos" (cor). Este nome é oportuno porque á carga dos quarks refírella generalmente como "<a href="/wiki/Cor" title="Cor">cor</a>" aínda que non está relacionada á percepción visual da cor. </p><p>Un enfoque particular á QCD, a saber os <a href="/w/index.php?title=Modelo_de_rede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modelo de rede (a páxina aínda non existe)">modelos de rede</a>, permitiu ós investigadores obter algúns resultados e cantidades teóricas que eran previamente incalculables. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véxase_tamén"><span id="V.C3.A9xase_tam.C3.A9n"></span>Véxase tamén</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromodin%C3%A1mica_cu%C3%A1ntica&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar a sección: «Véxase tamén»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromodin%C3%A1mica_cu%C3%A1ntica&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Véxase tamén"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outros_artigos">Outros artigos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromodin%C3%A1mica_cu%C3%A1ntica&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar a sección: «Outros artigos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromodin%C3%A1mica_cu%C3%A1ntica&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Outros artigos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teor%C3%ADa_de_gauge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoría de gauge (a páxina aínda non existe)">Teoría de gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teor%C3%ADa_de_gauge_cu%C3%A1ntica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoría de gauge cuántica (a páxina aínda non existe)">Teoría de gauge cuántica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BRST&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BRST (a páxina aínda non existe)">BRST</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pantasma_de_Faddeev-Popov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pantasma de Faddeev-Popov (a páxina aínda non existe)">Pantasma de Faddeev-Popov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interacci%C3%B3n_forte" class="mw-redirect" title="Interacción forte">Interacción forte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Modelo_de_rede_de_QCD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modelo de rede de QCD (a páxina aínda non existe)">Modelo de rede de QCD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Condensado_fermi%C3%B3nico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Condensado fermiónico (a páxina aínda non existe)">Condensado fermiónico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Expansi%C3%B3n_1/N&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Expansión 1/N (a páxina aínda non existe)">expansión 1/N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_cu%C3%A1ntica_de_campos" title="Teoría cuántica de campos">Teoría cuántica de campos</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_de_autoridades" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_de_autoridades" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; 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