CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Dionysius of Halicarnassus - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"eb56fec5-843c-4c92-a3c8-1c05b57fd6af","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus","wgTitle":"Dionysius of Halicarnassus","wgCurRevisionId":1253380406,"wgRevisionId":1253380406,"wgArticleId":159387,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 maint: location missing publisher","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference","Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Articles with hCards","Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text","Articles containing Latin-language text", "All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017","Articles with unsourced statements from December 2016","Year of death unknown","Ancient Greek educators","Greek-language historians from the Roman Empire","Ancient Greeks in Rome","Ancient Halicarnassians","1st-century BC Romans","1st-century BC Greek people","1st-century BC historians","1st-century BC writers","Ancient Roman antiquarians","Atticists (rhetoricians)","Historians from Roman Anatolia","60s BC births","10s deaths","Greek Latinists"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus","wgRelevantArticleId":159387,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true, "wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q26204","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready", "ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface", "ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg/1200px-Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1715"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg/800px-Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1144"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg/640px-Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="915"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Dionysius of Halicarnassus - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus rootpage-Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Works-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Works subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roman_Antiquities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_Antiquities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Roman Antiquities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_Antiquities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Other works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dionysian_imitatio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dionysian_imitatio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Dionysian <i>imitatio</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dionysian_imitatio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History_in_the_Roman_Antiquities,_and_the_Foundation_Myth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_in_the_Roman_Antiquities,_and_the_Foundation_Myth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History in the Roman Antiquities, and the Foundation Myth</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History_in_the_Roman_Antiquities,_and_the_Foundation_Myth-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History in the Roman Antiquities, and the Foundation Myth subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History_in_the_Roman_Antiquities,_and_the_Foundation_Myth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Romulus_and_Remus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romulus_and_Remus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Romulus and Remus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romulus_and_Remus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Origins_and_survival_in_the_wild" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins_and_survival_in_the_wild"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Origins and survival in the wild</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins_and_survival_in_the_wild-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Falling_out_and_Foundation_of_Rome" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Falling_out_and_Foundation_of_Rome"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Falling out and Foundation of Rome</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Falling_out_and_Foundation_of_Rome-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Rape_of_the_Sabine_Women_and_death_of_Romulus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Rape_of_the_Sabine_Women_and_death_of_Romulus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.4</span> <span>The Rape of the Sabine Women and death of Romulus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Rape_of_the_Sabine_Women_and_death_of_Romulus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Impact</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Editions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Dionysius of Halicarnassus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 51 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionusios_van_Halikarnassos" title="Dionusios van Halikarnassos – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Dionusios van Halikarnassos" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ديونيسيوس من هاليكارناسوس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ديونيسيوس من هاليكارناسوس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halikarnasl%C4%B1_Dionisi" title="Halikarnaslı Dionisi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Halikarnaslı Dionisi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Дионисий Халикарнаски – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дионисий Халикарнаски" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionizije_iz_Halikarnasa" title="Dionizije iz Halikarnasa – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Dionizije iz Halikarnasa" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysios_Halikarnassos" title="Dionysios Halikarnassos – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Dionysios Halikarnassos" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionisi_d%27Halicarn%C3%A0s" title="Dionisi d'Halicarnàs – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dionisi d'Halicarnàs" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dion%C3%BDsios_z_Halikarnassu" title="Dionýsios z Halikarnassu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dionýsios z Halikarnassu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionigi_d%27Alicarnassu" title="Dionigi d'Alicarnassu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Dionigi d'Alicarnassu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysios_af_Halikarnassos" title="Dionysios af Halikarnassos – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dionysios af Halikarnassos" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysios_von_Halikarnassos" title="Dionysios von Halikarnassos – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dionysios von Halikarnassos" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%BF_%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%8D%CF%82" title="Διονύσιος ο Αλικαρνασσεύς – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διονύσιος ο Αλικαρνασσεύς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionisio_de_Halicarnaso" title="Dionisio de Halicarnaso – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dionisio de Halicarnaso" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionizo_de_Halikarnaso" title="Dionizo de Halikarnaso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dionizo de Halikarnaso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionisio_Halikarnasokoa" title="Dionisio Halikarnasokoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Dionisio Halikarnasokoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="دیونوسیوس هالیکارناسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دیونوسیوس هالیکارناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denys_d%27Halicarnasse" title="Denys d'Halicarnasse – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Denys d'Halicarnasse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionisio_de_Halicarnaso" title="Dionisio de Halicarnaso – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dionisio de Halicarnaso" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%BD_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BD%D6%81%D5%AB" title="Դիոնիսիոս Հալիկառնասցի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դիոնիսիոս Հալիկառնասցի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysios_dari_Halikarnassos" title="Dionysios dari Halikarnassos – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dionysios dari Halikarnassos" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%ADon%C3%BDs%C3%ADos_fr%C3%A1_Halikarnassos" title="Díonýsíos frá Halikarnassos – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Díonýsíos frá Halikarnassos" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso" title="Dionigi di Alicarnasso – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dionigi di Alicarnasso" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A1" title="דיוניסיוס מהליקרנסוס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דיוניסיוס מהליקרנסוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="დიონისე ჰალიკარნასელი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დიონისე ჰალიკარნასელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysius_Halicarnasseus" title="Dionysius Halicarnasseus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Dionysius Halicarnasseus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionisijas_Halikarnasietis" title="Dionisijas Halikarnasietis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dionisijas Halikarnasietis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dion%C3%BCsziosz_Halikarnasszeusz_(sz%C3%B3nok)" title="Dionüsziosz Halikarnasszeusz (szónok) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dionüsziosz Halikarnasszeusz (szónok)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹാലികാർണസസിലെ ഡയണീഷ്യസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹാലികാർണസസിലെ ഡയണീഷ്യസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ديونيسيوس من هاليكارناسوس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ديونيسيوس من هاليكارناسوس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysios_dari_Halikarnassos" title="Dionysios dari Halikarnassos – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dionysios dari Halikarnassos" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dion%C3%ADsio_de_Halicarnasso" title="Dionísio de Halicarnasso – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Dionísio de Halicarnasso" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysius_van_Halicarnassus" title="Dionysius van Halicarnassus – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dionysius van Halicarnassus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%83%E3%82%BD%E3%82%B9%E3%81%AE%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AA%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%82%B7%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B9" title="ハリカルナッソスのディオニュシオス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハリカルナッソスのディオニュシオス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysios_fra_Halikarnassos" title="Dionysios fra Halikarnassos – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dionysios fra Halikarnassos" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionisiy" title="Dionisiy – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dionisiy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionizjusz_z_Halikarnasu" title="Dionizjusz z Halikarnasu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dionizjusz z Halikarnasu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dion%C3%ADsio_de_Halicarnasso" title="Dionísio de Halicarnasso – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dionísio de Halicarnasso" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionis_din_Halicarnas" title="Dionis din Halicarnas – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dionis din Halicarnas" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Дионисий Галикарнасский – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дионисий Галикарнасский" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionisi_i_Halikarnasit" title="Dionisi i Halikarnasit – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dionisi i Halikarnasit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionigi_di_Alicarnassu" title="Dionigi di Alicarnassu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Dionigi di Alicarnassu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus" title="Dionysius of Halicarnassus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dionysius of Halicarnassus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysios_z_Halikarnasu" title="Dionysios z Halikarnasu – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dionysios z Halikarnasu" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionizij_iz_Halikarnasa" title="Dionizij iz Halikarnasa – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dionizij iz Halikarnasa" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Дионисије из Халикарнаса – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дионисије из Халикарнаса" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionisije_Halikarna%C5%A1anin" title="Dionisije Halikarnašanin – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Dionisije Halikarnašanin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysios_Halikarnassoslainen" title="Dionysios Halikarnassoslainen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dionysios Halikarnassoslainen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysios_fr%C3%A5n_Halikarnassos" title="Dionysios från Halikarnassos – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dionysios från Halikarnassos" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halikarnasl%C4%B1_Dionisos" title="Halikarnaslı Dionisos – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Halikarnaslı Dionisos" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Діонісій Галікарнаський – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Діонісій Галікарнаський" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%88%A9%E5%8D%A1%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%87%E6%96%AF%E7%9A%84%E6%88%B4%E6%AD%90%E5%B0%BC%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF" title="哈利卡納蘇斯的戴歐尼修斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="哈利卡納蘇斯的戴歐尼修斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26204#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&oldid=1253380406" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&id=1253380406&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDionysius_of_Halicarnassus"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDionysius_of_Halicarnassus"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus" hreflang="en"><span>Wikisource</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26204" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1st-century BC Greek historian and teacher</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Dionysius of Halicarnassus</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg/220px-Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg/330px-Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg/440px-Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1220" data-file-height="1744" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">An image of Dionysius of Halicarnassus from the <a href="/wiki/Codices_Ambrosiani" title="Codices Ambrosiani">Codices Ambrosiani</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="circa">c.</span> 60 BC<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Halicarnassus" title="Halicarnassus">Halicarnassus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asia_(Roman_Province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia (Roman Province)">Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a><br />(now <a href="/wiki/Bodrum" title="Bodrum">Bodrum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mu%C4%9Fla_Province" title="Muğla Province">Muğla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="circa">c.</span> 7 BC (aged around 53)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a><br />(now <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citizenship</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Roman_citizenship" title="Roman citizenship">Roman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Historian</li><li>Rhetoric</li><li>Writer</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Roman Antiquities</i></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Dionysius of Halicarnassus</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Διονύσιος Ἀλεξάνδρου Ἁλικαρνασσεύς</span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><i lang="grc">Dionúsios Alexándrou Halikarnasseús</i></span>, ''Dionysios (son of Alexandros) of Halikarnassos''; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;">  60 BC</span> – after 7 BC) was a <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_historiography" title="Hellenic historiography">Greek historian</a> and teacher of <a href="/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric">rhetoric</a>, who flourished during the reign of Emperor <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His literary style was <a href="/wiki/Atticism" title="Atticism"><i>atticistic</i></a> – imitating <a href="/wiki/Classical_language" title="Classical language">Classical</a> <a href="/wiki/Attic_Greek" title="Attic Greek">Attic Greek</a> in its prime. </p><p>He is known for his work <i>Rhōmaikē Archaiologia</i> (Roman Antiquities), which describes the history of Rome from its beginnings until the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/First_Punic_War" title="First Punic War">First Punic War</a> in 264 BCE. Out of twenty books, only the first nine have survived.<sup id="cite_ref-Sandys-1894_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sandys-1894-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dionysius' opinion of the necessity of a promotion of <a href="/wiki/Paideia" title="Paideia">paideia</a> within education, from true knowledge of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_literature#Classical_and_pre-classical_antiquity" title="Ancient Greek literature">classical sources</a>, endured for centuries in a form integral to the identity of the Greek elite.<sup id="cite_ref-Hidber-2013_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hidber-2013-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was a <a href="/wiki/Halicarnassus" title="Halicarnassus">Halicarnassian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hidber-2013_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hidber-2013-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At some time after the end of the civil wars he moved to <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, and spent twenty-two years studying <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> and literature and preparing materials for his history.<sup id="cite_ref-Sandys-1894_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sandys-1894-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period, he gave lessons in <a href="/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric">rhetoric</a>, and enjoyed the society of many distinguished men. The date of his death is unknown.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 19th century, it was commonly supposed that he was the ancestor of <a href="/wiki/Aelius_Dionysius" title="Aelius Dionysius">Aelius Dionysius of Halicarnassus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman_Antiquities">Roman Antiquities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Roman Antiquities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>His major work, entitled <i><b>Roman Antiquities</b></i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248666159">.mw-parser-output .tfd-dated{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .tfd-default{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);clear:both;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tfd-tiny{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .tfd-inline{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}.mw-parser-output .tfd-sidebar{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;position:relative}@media(min-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .tfd-sidebar{clear:right;float:right;width:22em}}</style><span class="tfd tfd-dated tfd-tiny"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_November_12#Template:Lang-grc-gre" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 November 12">‹See Tfd›</a></span><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ῥωμαϊκὴ Ἀρχαιολογία</span></span>, <i>Rhōmaikē Archaiologia</i>), frequently abbreviated <i><b>Ant. Rom.</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Antiquitates Romanae</i>), narrates the history of Rome from the mythical period to the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/First_Punic_War" title="First Punic War">First Punic War</a> in twenty books, of which the first nine remain extant while the remaining books only exist as fragments,<sup id="cite_ref-Sandys-1894_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sandys-1894-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the excerpts of the Roman emperor <a href="/wiki/Constantine_VII" title="Constantine VII">Constantine Porphyrogenitus</a> and an epitome discovered by <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Mai" title="Angelo Mai">Angelo Mai</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> manuscript. Dionysius is the first major historian of early Roman history whose work is now extant. Several other ancient historians who wrote of this period, almost certainly used Dionysius as a source for their material. The works of <a href="/wiki/Appian" title="Appian">Appian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">Livy</a> all describe similar people and events of Early Rome as Dionysius.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="little of Dionysius' Camillus narrative survives (April 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the preamble to Book I, Dionysius states that the Greek people lack basic information on Roman history, a deficiency he hopes to fix with the present work. </p> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book I   (1300?)–753 BC</dt> <dd>Mythic early history of Italy and its people. Book I also narrates the history of <a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a> and his progeny as well as Dionysius' telling of the <a href="/wiki/Romulus_and_Remus" title="Romulus and Remus">Romulus and Remus myth</a>, ending with the death of <a href="/wiki/Remus" class="mw-redirect" title="Remus">Remus</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book II   753–673 BC</dt> <dd>The Roman monarchy's first two Kings, <a href="/wiki/Romulus" title="Romulus">Romulus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Numa_Pompilius" title="Numa Pompilius">Numa Pompilius</a>. Romulus formulates customs and laws for Rome. <a href="/wiki/Roman%E2%80%93Sabine_wars" title="Roman–Sabine wars">Sabine war</a>- as in subsequent parts of the history, this early conflict is described as involving numerous categories of officer, thousands of infantry, and cavalry combatants. This is highly unlikely, but is a common anachronism found in ancient historians.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book III   673–575 BC</dt> <dd>Kings <a href="/wiki/Tullus_Hostilius" title="Tullus Hostilius">Tullus Hostilius</a> through <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Tarquinius_Priscus" title="Lucius Tarquinius Priscus">Lucius Tarquinius Priscus</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book IV   575–509 BC</dt> <dd>Last of the Roman kings and end of the monarchy with overthrow of <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Tarquinius_Superbus" title="Lucius Tarquinius Superbus">Lucius Tarquinius Superbus</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book V   509-497 BC</dt> <dd>Start of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_consul#Consular_dating" title="Roman consul">Consular years</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book VI   496–493 BC</dt> <dd>Includes the first instance of <a href="/wiki/Secessio_plebis" title="Secessio plebis">Plebeian secession</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book VII   492–490 BC</dt> <dd>This book describes at length the background leading to the Roman <a href="/wiki/Gnaeus_Marcius_Coriolanus" title="Gnaeus Marcius Coriolanus">Coriolanus</a>' trial, ending in his exile. Much of the book is a debate between supporters of the oligarchy and the plebeians.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book VIII   489–482 BC</dt> <dd>Coriolanus, now exiled, allies with Rome's current primary enemy, the <a href="/wiki/Volsci" title="Volsci">Volscians</a>. Coriolanus leads the Volscian army on a successful campaign against Roman allies and finally is near to capturing Rome itself. Coriolanus' mother intercedes for the Roman state and manages to end the military campaign. Coriolanus then is treacherously murdered by the Volscians. The remaining part of the book covers the military campaigns to recover land from the Volscians.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book IX   481–462 BC</dt> <dd>Various military campaigns of mixed fortune in foreign matters. Domestically the plebeians and patricians argue and the <a href="/wiki/Conflict_of_the_orders" class="mw-redirect" title="Conflict of the orders">conflict of the orders</a> continues. The number of <a href="/wiki/Tribune" title="Tribune">Tribunes</a> is raised from 5 to 10. Book IX ends with the first two years of the <a href="/wiki/Decemviri" title="Decemviri">decemvirate</a> and the creation of the first Roman Law Tables.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book X   461–449 BC</dt> <dd>The <a href="/wiki/Decemviri" title="Decemviri">decemvirate</a> continued.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dt><i>Note</i></dt> <dd>The last ten books are fragmentary, based on excerpts from medieval Byzantine history compilations. Book XI is mostly extant at around 50 pages (Aeterna Press, 2015 edition), while the remaining books, have only 12–14 pages per book.</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book XI   449–443 BC</dt> <dd><i>fragments</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book XII   442–396 BC</dt> <dd><i>fragments</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book XIII   394–390 BC</dt> <dd><i>fragments</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book XIV   390 BC</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gauls" title="Gauls">Gauls</a> <a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Rome_(387_BC)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sack of Rome (387 BC)">sack of Rome</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book XV</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/First_Samnite_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Samnite War">First</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_Samnite_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Samnite war">Second Samnite War</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book XVI–XVII</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Third_Samnite_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Samnite War">Third Samnite War</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book XIX</dt> <dd>The beginnings of conflicts between Rome and the warlord <a href="/wiki/Pyrrhus_of_Epirus" title="Pyrrhus of Epirus">Pyrrhus of Epirus</a>. Threatened by Roman expansion into southern Italy, the city of <a href="/wiki/Taranto" title="Taranto">Tarentum</a> asks Pyrrhus to protect them.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Book XX</dt> <dd>Roman-<a href="/wiki/Pyrrhic_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyrrhic war">Pyrrhic war</a>, with Pyrrhus's second invasion of Italy.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Because his prime objective was to reconcile the Greeks to <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman</a> rule, Dionysius focused on the good qualities of their conquerors, and also argued that – based on sources ancient in his own time – the Romans were genuine descendants of the older Greeks.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to him, history is philosophy teaching by examples, and this idea he has carried out from the point of view of a Greek rhetorician. But he carefully consulted the best authorities, and his work and that of <a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">Livy</a> are the only connected and detailed extant accounts of early Roman history.<sup id="cite_ref-Usher-1969_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Usher-1969-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 240–241">: 240–241 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_works">Other works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dionysius was also the author of several rhetorical treatises, in which he shows that he had thoroughly studied the best Attic models: </p> <dl><dd><i><b>The Art of Rhetoric</b></i> (<span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">Τέχνη ῥητορική</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Tékhnē rhētorikḗ</i></span>: a collection of essays on the theory of rhetoric, incomplete, and certainly not all his work;</dd> <dd><i><b>The Arrangement of Words</b></i> (<span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">Περὶ συνθέσεως ὀνομάτων</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Perì sunthéseōs onomátōn</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">De compositione verborum</i>): on the combination of words according to the different styles of oratory;</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dionysian_imitatio" title="Dionysian imitatio"><i><b>On Imitation</b></i></a> (<span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">Περὶ μιμήσεως</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Perì mimḗseōs</i></span>): on the best models in the different kinds of literature and the way in which they are to be imitated—a fragmentary work;</dd> <dd><i><b>Commentaries on the Attic Orators</b></i> (<span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">Περὶ τῶν Ἀττικῶν ῥητόρων</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Perì tôn Attikôn rhētórōn</i></span>: which covers <a href="/wiki/Lysias" title="Lysias">Lysias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isaeus" title="Isaeus">Isaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isocrates" title="Isocrates">Isocrates</a>, and by way of supplement, <a href="/wiki/Dinarchus" title="Dinarchus">Dinarchus</a>;</dd> <dd><i><b>On the Admirable Style of <a href="/wiki/Demosthenes" title="Demosthenes">Demosthenes</a></b></i> (<span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">Περὶ λεκτικῆς Δημοσθένους δεινότητος</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Perì lektikês Dēmosthénous deinótētos</i></span>)</dd> <dd><i><b>On the Character of Thucydides</b></i> (<span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">Περὶ Θουκιδίδου χαρακτῆρος</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Perì Thoukidídou kharaktêros</i></span>)</dd></dl> <p>The last two treatises are supplemented by letters to <a href="/wiki/Pompey" title="Pompey">Gn. Pompeius</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammaeus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ammaeus (page does not exist)">Ammaeus</a> (two, one of which is about Thucydides).<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dionysian_imitatio">Dionysian <i>imitatio</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Dionysian imitatio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dionysian_imitatio" title="Dionysian imitatio">Dionysian imitatio</a></div> <p><i>Dionysian imitatio</i> is the <a href="/wiki/Literary_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Literary method">literary method</a> of imitation as formulated by Dionysius, who conceived it as the <a href="/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric">rhetorical</a> practice of emulating, adapting, reworking, and enriching a source text by an earlier author.<sup id="cite_ref-Ruthven79_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ruthven79-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jansen_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jansen-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It shows marked similarities with <a href="/wiki/Quintilian" title="Quintilian">Quintilian</a>'s view of imitation, and both may derive from a common source.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dionysius' concept marked a significant departure from the concept of <i><a href="/wiki/Mimesis" title="Mimesis">mimesis</a></i> formulated by <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> in the 4th century BC, which was only concerned with "imitation of nature" and not "imitation of other authors."<sup id="cite_ref-Ruthven79_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ruthven79-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Latin orators and rhetoricians adopted Dionysius' method of <i>imitatio</i> and discarded Aristotle's <i>mimesis</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ruthven79_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ruthven79-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_in_the_Roman_Antiquities,_and_the_Foundation_Myth"><span id="History_in_the_Roman_Antiquities.2C_and_the_Foundation_Myth"></span>History in the Roman Antiquities, and the Foundation Myth</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History in the Roman Antiquities, and the Foundation Myth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dionysius carried out extensive research for his Roman history, selecting among authorities, and preserving (for example) details of the <a href="/wiki/Servian_constitution" title="Servian constitution">Servian Census</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Usher-1969_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Usher-1969-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 239">: 239 </span></sup> </p><p>His first two books present a unified account of the supposed Greek origin for Rome, merging a variety of sources into a firm narrative: his success, however, was at the expense of concealing the primitive Roman actuality (as revealed by archaeology).<sup id="cite_ref-Usher-1969_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Usher-1969-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 241">: 241 </span></sup> Along with <a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">Livy</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dionysius is thus one of the primary sources for the accounts of the Roman foundation myth, and that of <a href="/wiki/Romulus_and_Remus" title="Romulus and Remus">Romulus and Remus</a>, and was relied on in the later publications of <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, for example. He writes extensively on the myth, sometimes attributing direct quotations to its figures. The myth spans the first 2 volumes of his <i>Roman Antiquities</i>, beginning with Book I chapter 73 and concluding in Book II chapter 56.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romulus_and_Remus">Romulus and Remus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Romulus and Remus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Origins_and_survival_in_the_wild">Origins and survival in the wild</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Origins and survival in the wild"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dionysius claims that the twins, Romulus and Remus, were born to a <a href="/wiki/Vestal_virgins" class="mw-redirect" title="Vestal virgins">vestal</a> named <a href="/wiki/Rea_Silvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Rea Silvia">Ilia Silvia</a> (sometimes called Rea), descended from <a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a> of Troy and the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Latinus" title="Latinus">King Latinus</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Latins_(Italic_tribe)" title="Latins (Italic tribe)">Original Latin tribes</a>, thus linking Rome to Trojans and Latins both. Dionysius lays out the different accounts of her pregnancy and the twins' conception, but declines to choose one over the others. </p><p>Citing <a href="/wiki/Fabius" title="Fabius">Fabius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Cincius_Alimentus" title="Lucius Cincius Alimentus">Cincius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cato_the_Elder" title="Cato the Elder">Porcius Cato</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Calpurnia_gens#Calpurnii_Pisones" title="Calpurnia gens">Piso</a>, Dionysius recounts the most common tale, whereby the twins are to be tossed into the <a href="/wiki/Tiber" title="Tiber">Tiber</a>; are left at the site of the <a href="/wiki/Ficus_Ruminalis" title="Ficus Ruminalis">ficus Ruminalis</a>; and rescued by a she-wolf who <a href="/wiki/Breastfeeding" title="Breastfeeding">nurses</a> them in front of her lair (the <i><a href="/wiki/Lupercal" title="Lupercal">Lupercal</a></i>) before being adopted by <a href="/wiki/Faustulus" title="Faustulus">Faustulus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dionysius relates an alternate, "non-fantastical" version of Romulus and Remus' birth, survival and youth. In this version, <a href="/wiki/Numitor" title="Numitor">Numitor</a> managed to switch the twins at birth with two other infants.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The twins were delivered by their grandfather to Faustulus to be fostered by him and his wife, Laurentia, a former <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_ancient_Rome" title="Prostitution in ancient Rome">prostitute</a>. According to Plutarch, <i>lupa</i> (Latin for "wolf") was a common term for members of her profession and this gave rise to the she-wolf legend. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Falling_out_and_Foundation_of_Rome">Falling out and Foundation of Rome</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Falling out and Foundation of Rome"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The twins receive a proper <a href="/wiki/Education_in_ancient_Rome" title="Education in ancient Rome">education</a> in the city of <a href="/wiki/Gabii" title="Gabii">Gabii</a>, before eventually winning control of the area around where Rome would be founded. Dispute over the particular hill upon which Rome should be built, the <a href="/wiki/Palatine_Hill" title="Palatine Hill">Palatine Hill</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Aventine_Hill" title="Aventine Hill">Aventine Hill</a> for its strategic advantages saw the brothers fall out and Remus killed. </p><p>When the time came to actually construct the city of Rome, the two brothers disputed over the particular hill upon which Rome should be built, Romulus favoring the <a href="/wiki/Palatine_Hill" title="Palatine Hill">Palatine Hill</a> and Remus favoring what later came to be known as <a href="/wiki/Remoria" title="Remoria">Remoria</a> (possibly the <a href="/wiki/Aventine_Hill" title="Aventine Hill">Aventine Hill</a>). Eventually, the two deferred their decision to the gods at the advice of their grandfather. <a href="/wiki/Augury" title="Augury">Using the birds as omens</a>, the two brothers decided "he to whom the more favourable birds first appeared should rule the colony and be its leader."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since Remus saw nine vultures first, he claimed that the gods chose him and Romulus claimed that since he saw a greater (the "more favorable") number of vultures, the gods chose him. Unable to reach a conclusion, the two brothers and their followers fought, ultimately resulting in the death of Remus. After his brother's death, a saddened Romulus buried Remus at the site of Remoria, giving the location its namesake.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the actual construction of the city began, <a href="/wiki/Romulus" title="Romulus">Romulus</a> made sacrifices and received good omens, and he then ordered the populace to ritually atone for their guilt. The city's fortifications were first and then housing for the populace. He assembled the people and gave them the choice as to what type of government they wanted - monarchy, democracy, or oligarchy - for its constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his address, which extolled bravery in war abroad and moderation at home, and in which Romulus denied any need to remain in power, the people decided to remain a kingdom and asked him to remain its king. Before accepting he looked for a sign of the approval of the gods. He prayed and witnessed an auspicious lightning bolt, after which he declared that no king shall take the throne without receiving approval from the gods. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Institutions">Institutions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dionysus then provided a detailed account of the 'Romulus' constitution, most probably based on the work of <a href="/wiki/Terentius_Varro" class="mw-redirect" title="Terentius Varro">Terentius Varro</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-P_Wiseman,_2011_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-P_Wiseman,_2011-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Romulus supposedly divides Rome into 3 <a href="/wiki/Roman_tribe" title="Roman tribe">tribes</a>, each with a <a href="/wiki/Tribune" title="Tribune">Tribune</a> in charge. Each tribe was divided into 10 <a href="/wiki/Curia" title="Curia">Curia</a>, and each of those into smaller units. He divided the kingdom's land holdings between them, and Dionysus alone among our authorities insists that this was done in equal lots.<sup id="cite_ref-P_Wiseman,_2011_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-P_Wiseman,_2011-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Patrician_(ancient_Rome)" title="Patrician (ancient Rome)">Patrician</a> class was separated from the <a href="/wiki/Pleb" class="mw-redirect" title="Pleb">Plebeian</a> class; while each curiae was responsible for providing soldiers in the event of war. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bernard_van_Orley_-_Romulus_Gives_Laws_to_the_Roman_People_-_WGA16696.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Bernard_van_Orley_-_Romulus_Gives_Laws_to_the_Roman_People_-_WGA16696.jpg/400px-Bernard_van_Orley_-_Romulus_Gives_Laws_to_the_Roman_People_-_WGA16696.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Bernard_van_Orley_-_Romulus_Gives_Laws_to_the_Roman_People_-_WGA16696.jpg/600px-Bernard_van_Orley_-_Romulus_Gives_Laws_to_the_Roman_People_-_WGA16696.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Bernard_van_Orley_-_Romulus_Gives_Laws_to_the_Roman_People_-_WGA16696.jpg/800px-Bernard_van_Orley_-_Romulus_Gives_Laws_to_the_Roman_People_-_WGA16696.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1175" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bernard_van_Orley" title="Bernard van Orley">Bernard van Orley</a>, <i>Romulus Gives Laws to the Roman People</i> – WGA16696</figcaption></figure> <p>A system of <a href="/wiki/Patronage_in_ancient_Rome" title="Patronage in ancient Rome">patronage</a> (<i>clientela</i>), a <a href="/wiki/Roman_senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman senate">senate</a> (attributed by Dionysius to Greek influence) and a personal bodyguard of 300 of the strongest and fittest among the nobles were also established: the latter, the <i>celeres</i>, were so-named either for their quickness, or, according to <a href="/wiki/Valerius_Antias" title="Valerius Antias">Valerius Antias</a>, for their commander.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">separation of power</a> and measures to increase manpower were also instituted, as were Rome's religious customs and practices, and a variety of legal measures praised by Dionysius. </p><p>Again, Dionysius thoroughly describes the laws of other nations before contrasting the approach of Romulus and lauding his work. The Roman law governing marriage is, according to his <i>Antiquities</i>, an elegant yet simple improvement over that of other nations, most of which he harshly derides. By declaring that wives would share equally in the possessions and conduct of their husband, Romulus promoted virtue in the former and deterred mistreatment by the latter. Wives could inherit upon their husband's death. A wife's adultery was a serious crime, however, drunkenness could be a mitigating factor in determining the appropriate punishment. Because of Romulus' laws, Dionysius claims that not a single Roman couple divorced over the following five centuries. </p><p>Romulus' laws governing parental rights, in particular, those that allow fathers to maintain power over their adult children were also considered an improvement over those of others; while Dionysius further approved of how, under the laws of Romulus, native-born free Romans were limited to two forms of employment: farming and the army. All other occupations were filled by slaves or non-Roman labor. </p><p>Romulus used the trappings of his office to encourage compliance with the law. His court was imposing and filled with loyal soldiers and he was always accompanied by the <a href="/wiki/Lictor" title="Lictor">12 lictors</a> appointed to be his attendants. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Rape_of_the_Sabine_Women_and_death_of_Romulus">The Rape of the Sabine Women and death of Romulus</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: The Rape of the Sabine Women and death of Romulus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Intervention_of_the_Sabine_Women.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/The_Intervention_of_the_Sabine_Women.jpg/300px-The_Intervention_of_the_Sabine_Women.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/The_Intervention_of_the_Sabine_Women.jpg/450px-The_Intervention_of_the_Sabine_Women.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/The_Intervention_of_the_Sabine_Women.jpg/600px-The_Intervention_of_the_Sabine_Women.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="860" /></a><figcaption><i>The Intervention of the Sabine Women</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Jacques-Louis_David" title="Jacques-Louis David">Jacques-Louis David</a>, 1799</figcaption></figure> <p>Following his institutional account, Dionysus described the famous <a href="/wiki/Bride_kidnapping" title="Bride kidnapping">abducting</a> of the Sabine women and suggesting thereby that the abduction was a pretext for alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Sabines" title="Sabines">Sabines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Romulus wished to cement relations with neighboring cities through intermarriage, but none of them found the fledgling city of Rome worthy of their daughters. To overcome this, Romulus arranged a festival in honor of Neptune (the <a href="/wiki/Consualia" title="Consualia">Consualia</a>) and invited the surrounding cities to attend. At the end of the festival, Romulus and the young men <a href="/wiki/The_Rape_of_the_Sabine_Women" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rape of the Sabine Women">seized all the virgins</a> at the festival and planned to marry them according to their customs.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his narrative, however, the cities of <a href="/wiki/Caenina_(town)" title="Caenina (town)">Caecina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crustumerium" title="Crustumerium">Crustumerium</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Antemnae" title="Antemnae">Antemnae</a> petition for <a href="/wiki/Tatius" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatius">Tatius</a>, king of the <a href="/wiki/Sabines" title="Sabines">Sabines</a> to lead them to war; and it is only after the famous intervention of the Sabine women that the nations agreed to become a single kingdom under the joint rule of Romulus and Tatius, both declared <i><a href="/wiki/Quirites" title="Quirites">Quirites</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the death of Tatius, however, Romulus became more dictatorial, until he met his end, either through actions divine or earthly. One tale tells of a "darkness" that took Romulus from his war camp to his father in heaven.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another source claims that Romulus was killed by his Roman countrymen after releasing hostages, showing favoritism, and excessive cruelty in his punishments.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impact">Impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> It is widely accepted that <a href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/Antiquities_of_the_Jews" title="Antiquities of the Jews">Antiquities of the Jews</a></i> was influenced by Dionysius' <i>Roman Antiquities</i>. In recent years, this view has been contested by several scholars.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Editions">Editions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Editions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Collected Works edited by <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Sylburg" title="Friedrich Sylburg">Friedrich Sylburg</a> (1536–1596) (parallel Greek and Latin) (Frankfurt 1586) (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PMgaIq4TBZEC">available at Google Books</a>)</li> <li>Complete edition by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Jakob_Reiske" title="Johann Jakob Reiske">Johann Jakob Reiske</a> (1774–1777)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Archaeologia</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=A._Kiessling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A. Kiessling (page does not exist)">A. Kiessling</a> (1860-1870) (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Tnc-AAAAcAAJ">vol. 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U3c-AAAAcAAJ">vol. 2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RQ8MAAAAYAAJ">vol. 3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=x5tAAAAAcAAJ">vol. 4</a>) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=V._Prou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="V. Prou (page does not exist)">V. Prou</a> (1886) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=C._Jacoby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C. Jacoby (page does not exist)">C. Jacoby</a> (1885–1925) (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dionysihalicarna01dioniala">vol. 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dionysihalicarna02dioniala">vol. 2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dionysihalicarna03dioniala">vol. 3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dionysihalicarna04dioniala">vol. 4</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dionysihalicarna05dioniala">supplementum</a>) <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dionysiihalicarn01dion">Opuscula</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Usener" title="Hermann Usener">Hermann Usener</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Radermacher" title="Ludwig Radermacher">Ludwig Radermacher</a> (1899-1929)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <a href="/wiki/Teubner" class="mw-redirect" title="Teubner">Teubner</a> series (vol. 1 contains <i>Commentaries on the Attic Orators</i>, <i>Letter to Ammaeus</i>, <i>On the Admirable Style of Demosthenes</i>, <i>On the Character of Thucydides</i>, <i>Letter to Ammaeus about Thucydides</i>, vol. 2 contains <i>The Arrangement of Words</i>, <i>On Imitation</i>, <i>Letter to Gn. Pompeius</i>, <i>The Art of Rhetoric</i>, <i>Fragments</i>)</li> <li><i>Roman Antiquities</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=V._Fromentin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="V. Fromentin (page does not exist)">V. Fromentin</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._H._Sautel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. H. Sautel (page does not exist)">J. H. Sautel</a> (1998–), and <i>Opuscula rhetorica</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Germaine_Aujac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germaine Aujac (page does not exist)">Aujac</a> (1978–), in the <a href="/wiki/Collection_Bud%C3%A9" title="Collection Budé">Collection Budé</a></li> <li>English translation by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Spelman" title="Edward Spelman">Edward Spelman</a> (1758) (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NwEMAAAAYAAJ">available at Google Books</a>)</li> <li>Trans. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Earnest_Cary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Earnest Cary (page does not exist)">Earnest Cary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a>: <ul><li><i>Roman Antiquities, I</i>, 1937.</li> <li><i>Roman Antiquities, II</i>, 1939.</li> <li><i>Roman Antiquities, III</i>, 1940.</li> <li><i>Roman Antiquities, IV</i>, 1943.</li> <li><i>Roman Antiquities, V</i>, 1945.</li> <li><i>Roman Antiquities, VI</i>, 1947.</li> <li><i>Roman Antiquities, VII</i>, 1950.</li></ul></li> <li>Trans. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Usher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Usher (page does not exist)">Stephen Usher</a>, <i>Critical Essays, I</i>, Harvard University Press, 1974, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99512-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99512-3">978-0-674-99512-3</a></li> <li>Trans. Stephen Usher, <i>Critical Essays, II</i>, Harvard University Press, 1985, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99513-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99513-0">978-0-674-99513-0</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_recurrence" title="Historic recurrence">Historic recurrence</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dionysius of Halicarnassus, <i>Roman Antiquities</i> Book I, Chapter 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sandys-1894-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sandys-1894_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sandys-1894_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sandys-1894_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandys1894" class="citation book cs1">Sandys, J.E. (1894). <i>A Dictionary of Classical Antiquities</i>. London, GB. p. 190.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Classical+Antiquities&rft.place=London%2C+GB&rft.pages=190&rft.date=1894&rft.aulast=Sandys&rft.aufirst=J.E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADionysius+of+Halicarnassus" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hidber-2013-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hidber-2013_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hidber-2013_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHidber2013" class="citation book cs1">Hidber, T. (31 Oct 2013). Wilson, N. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_TzjAQAAQBAJ&q=Dionysius+of+Halicarnissus+5th+book&pg=PA229"><i>Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 229. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1136787997" title="Special:BookSources/978-1136787997"><bdi>978-1136787997</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-09-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Greece&rft.pages=229&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013-10-31&rft.isbn=978-1136787997&rft.aulast=Hidber&rft.aufirst=T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_TzjAQAAQBAJ%26q%3DDionysius%2Bof%2BHalicarnissus%2B5th%2Bbook%26pg%3DPA229&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADionysius+of+Halicarnassus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Dionysius_Halicarnassensis" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Dionysius Halicarnassensis">Dionysius Halicarnassensis</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 285–286.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dionysius+Halicarnassensis&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=285-286&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADionysius+of+Halicarnassus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmitz1867" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Leonhard_Schmitz" title="Leonhard Schmitz">Schmitz, Leonhard</a> (1867). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/1043.html">"Dionysius, Aelius"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith, William</a> (ed.). <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology"><i>Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</i></a>. Vol. 1. Boston. p. 1037.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dionysius%2C+Aelius&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Greek+and+Roman+Biography+and+Mythology&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=1037&rft.date=1867&rft.aulast=Schmitz&rft.aufirst=Leonhard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ancientlibrary.com%2Fsmith-bio%2F1043.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADionysius+of+Halicarnassus" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus/1B*.html"><i>The Roman Antiquities of Dionysius of Halicarnassus</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a>. Vol. I. Chicago, IL: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a>. March 29, 2018 [1937] – via Penelope, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">U. Chicago</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Roman+Antiquities+of+Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus&rft.place=Chicago%2C+IL&rft.series=Loeb+Classical+Library&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago&rft.date=2018-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpenelope.uchicago.edu%2FThayer%2FE%2FRoman%2FTexts%2FDionysius_of_Halicarnassus%2F1B%2A.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADionysius+of+Halicarnassus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGabba1991" class="citation book cs1">Gabba, E. (1991). <i>Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome</i>. Berkeley, CA.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dionysius+and+the+History+of+Archaic+Rome&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+CA&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Gabba&rft.aufirst=E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADionysius+of+Halicarnassus" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Usher-1969-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Usher-1969_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Usher-1969_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Usher-1969_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUsher1969" class="citation book cs1">Usher, S. (1969). <i>The Historians of Greece and Rome</i>. London, GB. pp. 239–241.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Historians+of+Greece+and+Rome&rft.place=London%2C+GB&rft.pages=239-241&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Usher&rft.aufirst=S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADionysius+of+Halicarnassus" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ruthven79-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ruthven79_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ruthven79_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ruthven79_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ruthven (1979) pp. 103–104</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jansen-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jansen_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jansen (2008)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S F Bonner, <i>The Literary Treatises of Dionysius of Halicarnassus</i> (2013) p. 39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J Burrow, <i>A History of Histories</i> (Penguin 2009) p. 101 and 116</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dionysius of Halicarnassus, <i>Roman Antiquities</i> Book I, Chapter 79</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dionysius of Halicarnassus, <i>Roman Antiquities</i> Book I, Chapter 84</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dionysius of Halicarnassus, <i>Roman Antiquities</i> Book I, Chapter 85</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dionysius of Halicarnassus, <i>Roman Antiquities</i> Book I, Chapter 87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">T P Wiseman, <i>Remembering the Roman Republic</i> (2011) p. xviii-ix</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-P_Wiseman,_2011-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-P_Wiseman,_2011_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-P_Wiseman,_2011_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">T P Wiseman, <i>Remembering the Roman Republic</i> (2011) p. xviii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">T P Wiseman, <i>Remembering the Roman Republic</i> (2011) p. ii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R Hexter ed., Innovations of Antiquity (2013) p. 164</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dionysius of Halicarnassus, <i>Roman Antiquities</i> Book II, Chapter 12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">G Miles, Livy (2018) p. 197</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dionysius of Halicarnassus, <i>Roman Antiquities</i> Book II, Chapter 46</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dionysius of Halicarnassus, <i>Roman Antiquities</i> Book II, Chapter 56</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCowan2018" class="citation journal cs1">Cowan, J. Andrew (2018-06-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/journals/jsj/49/4-5/article-p475_2.xml">"A Tale of Two Antiquities: A Fresh Evaluation of the Relationship between the Ancient Histories of T. Flavius Josephus and Dionysius of Halicarnassus"</a>. <i>Journal for the Study of Judaism</i>. <b>49</b> (4–5): 475–497. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F15700631-12493228">10.1163/15700631-12493228</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1570-0631">1570-0631</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+for+the+Study+of+Judaism&rft.atitle=A+Tale+of+Two+Antiquities%3A+A+Fresh+Evaluation+of+the+Relationship+between+the+Ancient+Histories+of+T.+Flavius+Josephus+and+Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4%E2%80%935&rft.pages=475-497&rft.date=2018-06-14&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F15700631-12493228&rft.issn=1570-0631&rft.aulast=Cowan&rft.aufirst=J.+Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fview%2Fjournals%2Fjsj%2F49%2F4-5%2Farticle-p475_2.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADionysius+of+Halicarnassus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChisholm1911">Chisholm 1911</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bonner, S. F. 1939. <i>The literary treatises of Dionysius of Halicarnassus: A study in the development of critical method.</i> Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press.</li> <li>Damon, C. 1991. <i>Aesthetic response and technical analysis in the rhetorical writings of Dionysius of Halicarnassus.</i> Museum Helveticum 48: 33–58.</li> <li>Dionysius of Halicarnassus. 1975. <i>On Thucydides.</i> Translated, with commentary, by W. Kendrick Pritchett. Berkeley and London: Univ. of California Press.</li> <li>Gabba, Emilio. 1991. <i>Dionysius and the history of archaic Rome.</i> Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.</li> <li>Gallia, Andrew B. 2007. <i>Reassessing the 'Cumaean Chronicle': Greek chronology and Roman history in Dionysius of Halicarnassus.</i> Journal of Roman Studies 97: 50–67.</li> <li>Jonge, Casper Constantijn de. 2008. <i>Between Grammar and Rhetoric: Dionysius of Halicarnassus On Language, Linguistics and Literature.</i> Leiden: Brill.</li> <li>Jonge, Casper C. de, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Hunter" title="Richard L. Hunter">Richard L. Hunter</a> (ed.). 2018. <i>Dionysius of Halicarnassus and Augustan Rome</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalla2023" class="citation book cs1">Palla, Alessandra (2023). <i>La seconda epistola ad Ammeo di Dionigi di Alicarnasso: studi sulla tradizione manoscritta</i>. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783954905379" title="Special:BookSources/9783954905379"><bdi>9783954905379</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+seconda+epistola+ad+Ammeo+di+Dionigi+di+Alicarnasso%3A+studi+sulla+tradizione+manoscritta&rft.place=Wiesbaden&rft.pub=Dr.+Ludwig+Reichert+Verlag&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=9783954905379&rft.aulast=Palla&rft.aufirst=Alessandra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADionysius+of+Halicarnassus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Sacks, Kenneth. 1986. <i>Rhetoric and speeches in Hellenistic historiography.</i> Athenaeum 74: 383–95.</li> <li>Usher, S. 1974–1985. <i>Dionysius of Halicarnassus: The critical essays.</i> 2 vols. Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard Univ. Press.</li> <li>Wiater, N. 2011. <i>The ideology of classicism: Language, history and identity in Dionysius of Halicarnassus.</i> Berlin and New York: De Gruyter.</li> <li>Wooten, C. W. 1994. <i>The Peripatetic tradition in the literary essays of Dionysius of Halicarnassus.</i> In: Peripatetic rhetoric after Aristotle. Edited by W. W. Fortenbaugh and D. C. Mirhady, 121–30. Rutgers University Studies in Classical Humanities 6. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Dionysius of Halicarnassus">Dionysius of Halicarnassus</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about <br /> <b>Dionysius of Halicarnassus</b> <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus&library=OLBP">Online books</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><b>By Dionysius of Halicarnassus</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?at=wp&au=Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus&library=OLBP">Online books</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?at=wp&au=Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?at=wp&au=Dionysius+of+Halicarnassus&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li></ul> </div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus/home.html">English translation of the Antiquities</a> (at LacusCurtius)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dionysiouhalikar00dion">1586 Edition with the original Greek from the Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://remacle.org/bloodwolf/historiens/denys/index.htm">Greek text and French translation</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26204#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26204#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26204#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000045381434X">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/100218889">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/311579964">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/172981747">3</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/832154380945530290441">4</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/206318322">5</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/3992149544590700490002">6</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/299442087">7</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/284605101">8</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/96158790624438851434">9</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/477144647696295429020">10</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/25396281">11</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/19900/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmpbcxmVCRXbTfjcV74MP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118672037">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50082922">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13091418v">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13091418v">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00967431">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Dionysius : Halicarnassensis"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV060483">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35037247">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19981000660&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX880306">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/86422">Portugal</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/182671">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068585497">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90054828">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000022631&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000086729&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=17965">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/0xbddbsj5sl1vlc">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810569003105606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/26000">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007260453105171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058518715306706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01467195?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/808336">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118672037.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118672037">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/02683281X">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&oldid=1253380406">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&oldid=1253380406</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greek_educators" title="Category:Ancient Greek educators">Ancient Greek educators</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greek-language_historians_from_the_Roman_Empire" title="Category:Greek-language historians from the Roman Empire">Greek-language historians from the Roman Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greeks_in_Rome" title="Category:Ancient Greeks in Rome">Ancient Greeks in Rome</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Halicarnassians" title="Category:Ancient Halicarnassians">Ancient Halicarnassians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1st-century_BC_Romans" title="Category:1st-century BC Romans">1st-century BC Romans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1st-century_BC_Greek_people" title="Category:1st-century BC Greek people">1st-century BC Greek people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1st-century_BC_historians" title="Category:1st-century BC historians">1st-century BC historians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1st-century_BC_writers" title="Category:1st-century BC writers">1st-century BC writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Roman_antiquarians" title="Category:Ancient Roman antiquarians">Ancient Roman antiquarians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Atticists_(rhetoricians)" title="Category:Atticists (rhetoricians)">Atticists (rhetoricians)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Historians_from_Roman_Anatolia" title="Category:Historians from Roman Anatolia">Historians from Roman Anatolia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:60s_BC_births" title="Category:60s BC births">60s BC births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:10s_deaths" title="Category:10s deaths">10s deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greek_Latinists" title="Category:Greek Latinists">Greek Latinists</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ancient_Greek_(to_1453)-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text">Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2017" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017">Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2016" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2016">Articles with unsourced statements from December 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Year_of_death_unknown" title="Category:Year of death unknown">Year of death unknown</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 25 October 2024, at 17:47<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-gxw57","wgBackendResponseTime":182,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.726","walltime":"1.016","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5250,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":64342,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":5228,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":58039,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 928.070 1 -total"," 15.60% 144.824 1 Template:Infobox_person"," 15.53% 144.095 1 Template:Wikisource_author"," 15.20% 141.087 2 Template:Side_box"," 14.93% 138.516 1 Template:Reflist"," 14.19% 131.734 1 Template:Sister_project"," 13.58% 126.044 10 Template:Langx"," 9.09% 84.352 7 Template:Cite_book"," 8.06% 74.807 1 Template:Authority_control"," 6.93% 64.279 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.443","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":17096978,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFChisholm1911\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCowan2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGabba1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHidber2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPalla2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSandys1894\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchmitz1867\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUsher1969\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 3,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 7,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 1,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Dionysius Of Halicarnassus\"] = 1,\n [\"EB1911\"] = 1,\n [\"Hlist\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 2,\n [\"Infobox person\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang-grc-gre\"] = 1,\n [\"Langx\"] = 10,\n [\"Library resources box\"] = 1,\n [\"Main article\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Rp\"] = 3,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 3,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikisource author\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-7n487","timestamp":"20241124162821","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Dionysius of Halicarnassus","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q26204","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q26204","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-12-18T22:02:20Z","dateModified":"2024-10-25T17:47:50Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/7b\/Dionigi_di_Alicarnasso.jpg","headline":"1st-century BC Greek historian and teacher"}</script> </body> </html>