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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Bison schoetensacki</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 6 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-6" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">6 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bison_schoetensacki" title="Bison schoetensacki – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bison schoetensacki" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a 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table.infoboks tr.rad th{text-align:left;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td{text-align:left;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.headercenter{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.hode th{padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{text-align:center;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift td{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;background-color:#eee;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.geografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.biografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.transport tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bygning tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.infrastruktur tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.ekstrabred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><table class="infobox infoboks"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4"><i>Bison schoetensacki</i> </th></tr> <tr class="bilde"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bison_schoetensacki_skull.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Bison_schoetensacki_skull.jpg/250px-Bison_schoetensacki_skull.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Bison_schoetensacki_skull.jpg/375px-Bison_schoetensacki_skull.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Bison_schoetensacki_skull.jpg/500px-Bison_schoetensacki_skull.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2813" data-file-height="2685" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Nomenklatur_(biologi)" title="Nomenklatur (biologi)">Nomenklatur</a></td></tr> <tr class="rad"><td colspan="4" class="center"><i>Bison schoetensacki</i><br /><small>Freudenberg, 1910</small> </td></tr> <tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4">Populærnavn</td></tr> <tr class="rad"><td colspan="4" class="">skogbison</td></tr><tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Biologisk_klassifikasjon" title="Biologisk klassifikasjon">Klassifikasjon</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Rike</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dyr" title="Dyr">dyr</a> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Rekke</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ryggstrengdyr" title="Ryggstrengdyr">ryggstrengdyr</a> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Klasse</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Pattedyr" title="Pattedyr">pattedyr</a> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Orden</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Klovdyr" title="Klovdyr">klovdyr</a> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Familie</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kvegfamilien" title="Kvegfamilien">kvegfamilien</a> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Underfamilie</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Oksedyr" title="Oksedyr">oksedyr</a> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Slekt</th><td colspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/Bison" title="Bison">Bison</a></i> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Alder_(fylogenetikk)" title="Alder (fylogenetikk)">Alder</a> </th><td colspan="2">tidlig og midtre <a href="/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen">pleistocen</a> </td></tr> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24217415"><tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/%C3%98kologi" title="Økologi">Økologi</a> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Habitat: </th><td colspan="2">skog </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Utbredelse: </th><td colspan="2">Europa, Sibir </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><i><b>Bison schoetensacki</b></i> er en utdødd <a href="/wiki/Bison" title="Bison">bison</a> som var utbredt i Europa i <a href="/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen">pleistocen</a>. Den kalles «skogbison», men må ikke forveksles med den nålevende nordamerikanske underarten <i><a href="/wiki/Skogsbison" title="Skogsbison">B. bison athabascae</a></i>. </p><p>Den mest kjente bisonarten fra pleistocen i Europa er <a href="/wiki/Steppebison" title="Steppebison">steppebison</a> (<i>Bison priscus</i>), som levde på kalde stepper. Skogbison var nesten like stor som steppebison, men leggbein og mellomfotbein var spinklere. Horna var omtrent 30 % kortere enn hos steppebison og hadde en annen form. Rester av arten er ofte funnet i skogbiotoper.<sup id="cite_ref-pal17_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pal17-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kurten_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kurten-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Slitasje på tennene viser likevel at skogbison i likhet med den nålevende europeiske <a href="/wiki/Visent" title="Visent">visenten</a> var en ganske utpreget graseter. Dette i motsetning til <i>Bison menneri</i> fra tidlig pleistocen, steppebison og den nålevende nordamerikanske <i>B. bison athabascae</i> der føden i større grad består av blader, kvister og bark.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Skogbison var utbredt fra Vest-Europa til sørlige Sibir, men i motsetning til steppebison forekom den ikke i <a href="/wiki/Beringlandbrua" title="Beringlandbrua">Beringia</a> eller Nord-Amerika. De første funnene ble gjort i Tyskland, og seinere er den funnet i England, Moldova, Russland og på bunnen av Nordsjøen. Spesielt mange funn er gjort i Frankrike.<sup id="cite_ref-pal17_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pal17-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I Isernia La Pineta i den italienske regionen <a href="/wiki/Molise" title="Molise">Molise</a> er det funnet omfattende lag med dyrerester etterlatt av tidlige mennesker for <span class="nowrap">600 000–700 000 år</span> siden. Skogbison var det viktigste jaktbyttet for disse menneskene. Andre dyr i disse lagene er blant annet <a href="/wiki/Merckneshorn" title="Merckneshorn">merckneshorn</a>, bjørnen <i><a href="/wiki/Ursus_deningeri" title="Ursus deningeri">Ursus deningeri</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Skogelefant" title="Skogelefant">skogelefant</a> og <a href="/wiki/Flodhest" class="mw-redirect" title="Flodhest">flodhest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De fleste funnene av skogbison er datert til å være fra <a href="/wiki/Mellompleistocen" title="Mellompleistocen">midtre pleistocen</a> (781 000–126 000 år siden). I Sør-Frankrike er også det gjort to funn av <i>Bison schoetensacki</i> fra tidlig pleistocen, i Le Vallonnet datert til 1,2 millioner år og i Durfort datert til 1,0 millioner år. <i>Bison voigtstedtensis</i> fra Spania for 1,1–0,75 millioner år siden og Tyskland for 0,7 millioner år siden kan være en underart av <i>Bison schoetensacki</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-pal17_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pal17-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kurten_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kurten-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Det er svært usikkert om skogbison forekom i yngre pleistocen. En studie fra 2017 analyserer to funn gjort i franske huler og konkluderer med at det enda fantes skogbison i Frankrike for <span class="nowrap">36 000 år</span> siden. Det hevdes også at skogbison var <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8stergruppe" title="Søstergruppe">søsterarten</a> til den nålevende visenten, som derfor ikke kan nedstamme fra steppebison.<sup id="cite_ref-pal17_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pal17-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I 2018 ble publisert en <a href="/wiki/Fylogenetikk" title="Fylogenetikk">fylogenetisk</a> studie basert på <a href="/wiki/Genetikk" title="Genetikk">genetikk</a> og <a href="/wiki/Morfologi_(biologi)" title="Morfologi (biologi)">morfologi</a> der resultatene fra 2017 avvises. Funnene fra de franske hulene er ikke skogbison, og arten forekom ikke etter midtre pleistocen.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bison_schoetensacki&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bison_schoetensacki&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-pal17-1"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-pal17_1-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pal17_1-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pal17_1-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pal17_1-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Pauline Palacio m.fl. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5303235">«Genome data on the extinct <i>Bison schoetensacki</i> establish it as a sister species of the extant European bison (<i>Bison bonasus</i>)»</a>. <i>BMC Ecology and Evolution</i>. 17 (1). <a href="/wiki/Internasjonalt_standard_periodikanummer" title="Internasjonalt standard periodikanummer">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2730-7182">2730-7182</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5303235">5303235</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Åpent tilgjengelig"><img alt="Åpent tilgjengelig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28187706">28187706</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs12862-017-0894-2">10.1186/s12862-017-0894-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ABison+schoetensacki&rft.atitle=Genome+data+on+the+extinct+Bison+schoetensacki+establish+it+as+a+sister+species+of+the+extant+European+bison+%28Bison+bonasus%29&rft.au=Pauline+Palacio+m.fl.&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=2730-7182&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=BMC+Ecology+and+Evolution&rft.volume=17&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5303235&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5303235&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2Fs12862-017-0894-2&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28187706&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kurten-2"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-kurten_2-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kurten_2-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Björn Kurtén (1964). <i>Istidens djurvärld</i>. Stockholm: Aldus/Bonniers. s. 136–137.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ABison+schoetensacki&rft.au=Bj%C3%B6rn+Kurt%C3%A9n&rft.btitle=Istidens+djurv%C3%A4rld&rft.date=1964&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=136-137&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pub=Aldus%2FBonniers&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Eline N. van Asperen og Ralf-Dietrich Kahlke (2017). «Dietary traits of the late Early Pleistocene <i>Bison menneri</i> (Bovidae, Mammalia) from its type site Untermassfeld (Central Germany) and the problem of Pleistocene ‘wood bison’». <i>Quaternary Science Reviews</i>. 177: 299–313. <a href="/wiki/Internasjonalt_standard_periodikanummer" title="Internasjonalt standard periodikanummer">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1873-457X">1873-457X</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.quascirev.2017.10.002">10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.10.002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ABison+schoetensacki&rft.atitle=Dietary+traits+of+the+late+Early+Pleistocene+Bison+menneri+%28Bovidae%2C+Mammalia%29+from+its+type+site+Untermassfeld+%28Central+Germany%29+and+the+problem+of+Pleistocene+%E2%80%98wood+bison%E2%80%99&rft.au=Eline+N.+van+Asperen+og+Ralf-Dietrich+Kahlke&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1873-457X&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+Science+Reviews&rft.pages=299-313&rft.volume=177&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.quascirev.2017.10.002&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Ursula Thun Hohenstein, Annarosa Di Nucci og Anne-Marie Moigne (2009). «Mode de vie à Isernia La Pineta (Molise, Italie). Stratégie d’exploitation du <i>Bison schoetensacki</i> par les groupes humains au Paléolithique inférieur». <i>L'Anthropologie</i>. 113 (1): 96–110. <a href="/wiki/Internasjonalt_standard_periodikanummer" title="Internasjonalt standard periodikanummer">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1873-5827">1873-5827</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.anthro.2009.01.009">10.1016/j.anthro.2009.01.009</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ABison+schoetensacki&rft.atitle=Mode+de+vie+%C3%A0+Isernia+La+Pineta+%28Molise%2C+Italie%29.+Strat%C3%A9gie+d%E2%80%99exploitation+du+Bison+schoetensacki+par+les+groupes+humains+au+Pal%C3%A9olithique+inf%C3%A9rieur&rft.au=Ursula+Thun+Hohenstein%2C+Annarosa+Di+Nucci+og+Anne-Marie+Moigne&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1873-5827&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=L%27Anthropologie&rft.pages=96-110&rft.volume=113&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.anthro.2009.01.009&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Leonardo Sorbelli m.fl. (2021). «A review on <i>Bison schoetensacki</i> and its closest relatives through the early-Middle Pleistocene transition: insights from the Vallparadís Section (NE Iberian Peninsula) and other European localities». <i>Quaternary Science Reviews</i>. 261: 106933. <a href="/wiki/Internasjonalt_standard_periodikanummer" title="Internasjonalt standard periodikanummer">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1873-457X">1873-457X</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.quascirev.2021.106933">10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106933</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ABison+schoetensacki&rft.atitle=A+review+on+Bison+schoetensacki+and+its+closest+relatives+through+the+early-Middle+Pleistocene+transition%3A+insights+from+the+Vallparad%C3%ADs+Section+%28NE+Iberian+Peninsula%29+and+other+European+localities&rft.au=Leonardo+Sorbelli+m.fl.&rft.date=2021&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1873-457X&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+Science+Reviews&rft.pages=106933&rft.volume=261&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.quascirev.2021.106933&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Pierre-Elie Moullé, Frédéric Lacombat og Anna Echassoux (2006). «Apport des grands mammifères de la grotte du Vallonnet (Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, Alpes-Maritimes, France) à la connaissance du cadre biochronologique de la seconde moitié du Pléistocène inférieur d'Europe». <i>L'Anthropologie</i>. 110 (5): 837–849. <a href="/wiki/Internasjonalt_standard_periodikanummer" title="Internasjonalt standard periodikanummer">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1873-5827">1873-5827</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.anthro.2006.10.006">10.1016/j.anthro.2006.10.006</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ABison+schoetensacki&rft.atitle=Apport+des+grands+mammif%C3%A8res+de+la+grotte+du+Vallonnet+%28Roquebrune-Cap-Martin%2C+Alpes-Maritimes%2C+France%29+%C3%A0+la+connaissance+du+cadre+biochronologique+de+la+seconde+moiti%C3%A9+du+Pl%C3%A9istoc%C3%A8ne+inf%C3%A9rieur+d%27Europe&rft.au=Pierre-Elie+Moull%C3%A9%2C+Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric+Lacombat+og+Anna+Echassoux&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1873-5827&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=L%27Anthropologie&rft.pages=837-849&rft.volume=110&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.anthro.2006.10.006&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Jean-Philipe Brugal (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jean-Philip-Brugal/publication/239800472">«Le bison (Bovidae, Artiodactyla) du Pléistocène moyen ancien de Durfort (Gard, France)»</a>. <i>Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.</i>: 349–381.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ABison+schoetensacki&rft.atitle=Le+bison+%28Bovidae%2C+Artiodactyla%29+du+Pl%C3%A9istoc%C3%A8ne+moyen+ancien+de+Durfort+%28Gard%2C+France%29&rft.au=Jean-Philipe+Brugal&rft.date=1995&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bull.+Mus.+Natl.+Hist.+Nat.&rft.pages=349-381&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fprofile%2FJean-Philip-Brugal%2Fpublication%2F239800472&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Thierry Grange m.fl. (2018). «The evolution and population diversity of <i>Bison</i> in Pleistocene and Holocene Eurasia: sex matters». <i>Diversity</i>. 10 (3): 65. <a href="/wiki/Internasjonalt_standard_periodikanummer" title="Internasjonalt standard periodikanummer">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1424-2818">1424-2818</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fd10030065">10.3390/d10030065</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ABison+schoetensacki&rft.atitle=The+evolution+and+population+diversity+of+Bison+in+Pleistocene+and+Holocene+Eurasia%3A+sex+matters&rft.au=Thierry+Grange+m.fl.&rft.date=2018&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1424-2818&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=Diversity&rft.pages=65&rft.volume=10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fd10030065&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bison_schoetensacki&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bison_schoetensacki&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/7843491"><i>Bison schoetensacki</i></a> i <a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">Global Biodiversity Information Facility</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p846"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25403446?uselang=nb#P846" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=1920185"><i>Bison schoetensacki</i></a> hos NCBI <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p685"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25403446?uselang=nb#P685" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" 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